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ENGLAND'S REPLY TO AMERICA. sir Edward Endeavors to Sustain British Activity In Seizures. Washington, Aug. I. Cleat Bri tain's reply io the latest American representations against interf?rences with neutral commerce, made public last night, rejects entirely the con tention thal the orders In council are illegal, and justifies the British course as wholly within international law. "Unsustainable either in point of law or upon principles of interna tional equity," is the British reply to the American protest against the blockade of neutral ports, with an invitation to submit to international arbitration any casts ni which the t'nited States is dissatisfied with ac tion of British prize courts. The British reidy is contained iii two notes, one supplemental. With the notes was made public corres pondence over the American steamer Neches, seized by the British while en route from Rotterdam to the Uni ted State* with goxls of German origin. .Measures Ken sonable. In the general reilly to the Ameri can representations against the or ders in council. Sir Edward Urey, tho loreign minister, addressing Ambas sador Page, begins by expressing tlie hope that he may convince the ad ministration in Washington "that ll<e| measures we have announced are not j only reasonable and necessary in j themselves, but constitute no more than an adaptation of the old prin-1 ci pies of blockade to the peculiar i i' cu instances with which we are con-1 fronted." "1 need scai'coij dwell." w rote Sir j l?dward, "on Hie obligations incum-] beni upon the allies to take every step in their power to overcome their common enemy in view of the shock- I ing violation ol" the recognized rules . and principles of civilized warfare if ! which he has been guilty during the . present struggle." Sir IDdward then refers to alleged atrocities in Belgium, poisoning of wells in German Southwest Africa, j use of poisonous gases against the j allied troops in Flanders, and finally : the sinking of the Lusitania, to show "how indispensable it is that we should leave unused no justifiable method of defending ourselves." Blockade ol Xeutr/ . Pori*. Coming (iowa to the 'incition ot tho xiii ?'M? blockade ot non i! ports, the note contii uo3: "in the various notes \ ... n i .?. received from your excellency the right of a belligerent to establish a blockade of the enemy ports is ad mitted.a righi which has obviously no value save in SO far as it gives power to a belligerent to cut off the seaborne exports and imports of Iiis enemy. The contention which I un derstand the United States govern ment now puls forward is thal ii' a belligerent is .so ci icu instanced that his commerce can pass through adja cent neutral ports as easily as through ports in his own territory, his opponent has no right to inter fere and must restrict his measures of blockade In such a manner as to leave .such avenues of commerce still open to his adversary. This is a con tention which his majesty's govern ment feels unable to accept, and which seems to them unsustainable either In point of law or upon prin ciple of international equity. "They are unable to admit that a belligerent violates any fundamental principle of international law by ap plying a blockade in such a way as to cut off the enemy's commerce with foreign countries through neutral ports if the circumstances render such an application of the principles of blockade the only means of mak ing it effective. Precedent Set by United Spates. "The only question which can arise in regard to the measures re sorted to for tho purpose of carrying out n blockade upon these extended lines is whether, to use your excel lency's words, they con form to tho spirit and principles of the essence of the rules of war, and we shall be content to apply this test io tho ac tion which we have taken insofar as it has necessitated interference with neutral commerce." Slr Edward Grey then refers to the American Civil War blockade of 3, 000 miles of coast with a small num ber of vessels, and recalls how the United States finally tool; recourse to blockading "neighboring neutral ter ritory which afforded convenient cen ters from which contraband could be introduced into Confederate territory and from which blockade running Could be facilitated." "Your excellency will no doubt re member," wrote Sir Kdward, "how, in order to meet this new difficulty, the old principles relating to contra band and blockade were developed and he doctrine of continuous voy age w is applied and enforced, under which goods destined for Hie enemj territory were intercepted before t they roached the neutral ports from which they were *o be re-ex i>o rt ed. "The difficulties which imposed upon the I'nited States the necessity of testing some of the old rules ure somewhat akin to those with which the allies are now facing in dealing with the trade of their enemy. Ad jacent to Germany are various neu tral countries which afford her con venient opportunities for carrying on lier trade witli foreign countries. Her own territories are covered by a network of railways and waterways, which enable her commerce to pass as conveniently through ports in such neutral countries as through her own. "A blockade limited to enemy ports would leave open routes by which every kind of German com merce could pass almost as easily as through the ports of her own terri to ry. "Rotterdam is indeed the nearest outlet for some of the industrial dis tricts of Germany. ... lt seems ac cordingly, that if it bc recognized that a blockade is in certain cases the appropriate method of intercepting the trade of an enemy country, and if the blockade can only become ef fective by extending it to enemy commerce passing through neutral ports, such an extension is defensi ble and lu accordance with principles which have met with general accept ance." The note then refers ?:> the case of tlie Uri tish ship Springbok, seised by I'nited States cruisers during tlu? Civil War while bound for the Brit ish West Indies, because her cargo, ii was charged, \vas to he trans-shipped to tim Confed?rale Staies. The Su preme Court ol' the United Slates sustained the seizure against tin' con demnation of a group of prominent international lawyers, although I lie I nited Slates and British govern ments took llie broader view and recognized the development of thc older method of blockade. No pro test was made by Great Britain. Trying to Avoid Needless Injury. "What is really important, in tlie general interest," says the note, "ii that adaptations of the old ru let should not be made unless they an consistent with the general principh upon which an admitted bel ll ger en I right is based. It is also essentia that all unnecessary injury to nen trals should he avoided. With thes< conditions it may be safely u Hi rm ct Uni iiio a*r>i>o wo are toking * " 'nt ' copi ?a.i 'modifies en their wa) t i m from G< rmmy .u y ?omply. v\ .> an ni riering ivlt . in good ?vi1'.? whlcl ve should not be entitled to Inter fere by niockade it the geographica position and tho conditions of Ger many al present were such that lu? commerce passed through her owi ports. We are taking Ihe utmos possible care noi to interfere will conn sree genuinely desi ?ned for o proceeding from neutral countries Furthermore, we have tempered tir severity w??< which our measure might press upon neutrals by not ap plying the rule which was in varia hie in the old form of blockade, tba ships and goods on their way lo o Iron the blockaded area arc Hallie ti condemnation." One Principle Fundamental. Thc note reviews al some lengil various forms in which blockade have been maintained to show ther has been no uniformity of practice i: essential points, and declares: "The one principle which is funda mental and has obtained universa recognition, is that by means o blockade a belligerent is entitled t cul off by effective means the sen borne commerce of his enemy." Consequently, Sir Edward argue; it is Impossible to maintain that th right of a belligerent to intercept th commerce of his enemy can be lin Red in the way suggested In th American notes on the subject. "There are many cases," he sayi "In which proofs that the goods wer enemy property would afford st ron evidence thal they were of enem origin or enemy destination and it I only in such cases that we are detail in g them, Where proof of enem ownership would afford no evident of such origin or destination, we ar not in practice of detaining th goods." Sir Edward's note (loses with til observation that "figures of recei months show that the increased o| portunities afforded by the war f< American commerce have more Ilia compensated for the loss of the Ge man and Austrian markets. . . . W shall continue to apply these mea ares with every desire to occasio the least possible amount of incoi venienco lo persons engaged In legi Hunte commerce." Tired, Aching .Muscles Relieved. Hard work, over-exertion, meai stiff, sore muscles. Sloan's Lin ment lightly applied, a littin qule and your soreness disappears lil magic. "Nothing ever helped lil your Sloan's Uniment. I can nev? thank you enough," writes ono grat ful user. Slop suffering, aches ari pains. An excellent counter-lrritan better and cleaner than mustard. A druggists. 2Tie. (?et a bottle to-df Penetrates without rubbing.--Adv. McWHORTBR FAMILY REUNION. Mr, and Mrs. II. P. Alexander Enjoy (lathering Together of Relatives. Editor Keowee Courier: Tile reun ion of the McWhorter family, hold al the l ome of Mr. and Mrs. H. F. Al exander, of Seneca, on July 2a, was one of much pleasure to those inter ested. The guests were Mr. and Mrs. Doyle McWhorter and children, Al fred, Doyle and Ethel, of Memphis. Tenn.; Mrs. Mattie McW. Pincher and daughter. Mary Doyle Pincher, William and .lohn McWhorter. At lanta. Ga.; Mrs. Florence McW. Mil ler, Nacoochoe Valley, Ga.; Mrs. Jen McW. Crenshaw, Red Raak, Ga. Lee McWhorter, of Nashville, Tenn., was unable to attend, being off on a trip to California. Friday morning the party, accom panied by Mr. and Mrs. Alexander, took an auto spin to visit their friends, the Misses Rankin, at their elegant country home at Tamassee. The next point reached was Oeonee Station, a place of special interest to till, as it was for many years the home of the late James A. Doyle be fore the Civil War. Some years af ter the war it was owned by W. A. McWhorter and H. F. Alexander. The picnic dinner was to have been spread under tho magnificent white oak on the hill, but a rain prevented and the south gallery of the old brick house was used. When the old rock house (curios ity shop) was reached a glimpse which seemed of the real Mount Ver non was enjoyed by all. lt contains a loom, spinning wheels, reels, warp ing bars, winding blades, thread har ness, sleys, shuttles, cane <i ii i 11 s and other (dd things to remind one of the work-a-days that had to go on during the war. All that was neces sary lo complete the picture was a Dutch oven and a few powter plates. Rot iud Presbyterian church was also visited to recall the past. The McWhorters, Alexanders and Doyles I always worshiped at this old church during the time they lived at the Sta- < ? lion. ? Tho next call was made at the ! home of Capt. ; nd Mrs. S. K. Dendy j in Walhalla, whose entertainment of ' relatives has become famous through- i ? j out the county. The time was enjoy- ( ably spent reading old papers about j the kith and kin, chatting and hav- | ing music by Mrs. Doyle McWhortet on the old piano, formerly the prop- ] erty of John C. Calhoun. < On Saturday a dining was given the reunion brigade at the home of j Mr. and Mrs. Frank Alexander in Seneca. A watermelon cutting was planned, but after the feast the guests wore unable to meet this de mand upon them, and as the shad ows began to lengthen, that sad word "farewell" bad to be spoken. Seneca, July 31, 1915. Whenever You Need a General Tonic j 1 Take Grove's < The Old Standard Grove's Tasteless 1 .bill Tonic is equally valuable as a | j General Tonic because it contains the j well known touic properties of QUININE ! and IRON. It acts on the Liver, Drives ! ; out Malaria, Enriches the Blood and I j Builds up the Whole System. 50 cents, I : Germans to Cut Out Use of Cotton. I ? Rotterdam, via London, Aug. 4. The Germans already are using llax ? as a substitute for cotton in some I munitions factories and all munitions factories an being remodelled for 1 this purpose, says a dispatch from ' j Berlin. An inventory of all stocks of cot ton and ol' other textiles throughout Germany, the dispatch athis, began ' Monday and will continue for ten days. All cotton and articles made from cotton, even underclothing and shirts, must bo listed. Smoking diminishes hunger, and should, therefore, he avoided shortly before meals. R. D. A. r*-~& 'mt*!*., "J BETTER COOKING NO MORE DRUDGERY NEW PERFECTION Oil Cookstoves have made cook - ing easier and kitchens cleaner for 2,000,000 housewives. No more drudgery-no more wood-boxes, coal-scuttles, and ash pans. The NEW PERFECTION lights instantly like gas, and regulates high or low by merely raising or lowering the wick. You can do all your cooking on the NEW PERFECTION-just as cheaply and twice as conveniently as on your coal range. Ask your dealer to show you the NEW PERFECTION No. 7 with the new oven fliat becomes a fire less cooker merely by pulling a damper. Also the PERFECTION WATER HEATER. It makes you independent of your coal range - gives you plenty of hot running water. Use Aladdin Security Oil or Diamond White Oil to obtain thc best results in oil Stoves, Heaters and Lamps. PER DI ION STANDARD OIL COMPANY Washington, D. C. Norfolk, V?. Richmond, Va. (New Jersey) (BALTIMORE) 'xvm:mmtss.'i Charlotte, N. C. Charleston, W. Va. Charleston, S. C. THE COTTON SITUATION. Congress Gives Ilia Views ami Some Interesting Figures. (Columbia Record.) The Btand the President bas taken in his preliminary note to England, demanding free trade with neutrals in non-contraband, which cotton bas hoon declared to be, will in my Judg ment lind favorable response with a large majority of the members of Congress. Thc proposition of English finan ciers to pu lidiase from American ex changes $150,OOO,OOO worth of cot Ion thal would normally go to Ger many, Austria and Hungary, and (25,000,000 worth that would nor mally go to Holland, Denmark, Nor way, Sweden and Switzerland, and illow the English government to de Tare cotton to he absolute contra band, i.s but an insidious proposal for England to take our crop at her Dwu ligures. The amount English financiers would thus spend would Duy about 3,000,000 bales of cotton, which is far below even her normal supply of cotton; for she has bought for the ll months just closed 3,712, 502 bahs. Her purchase for thc pear will easily exceed 4,000,000 bales. If English financiers will buy the ll.000.000 bales ol' her normal sup ply, and agree to hold the surplus aff the market during the continu ance of the war, or to be used by tho government only for the manufac ture of explosives, this country might suspend action on an English order in council making colton con traband, but certainly not otherwise. Contrary to predictions by the prophets of evil, the foreign demand for cotton has not been decreased as an effect of the war, bet on the con trary it bas been enhanced. Despite English aggi essie , at sea, even Her nia ny and Austria nave taken more than their normal supply of cotton, indirectly through neutral ports, and in shipping to those ports we have violated no law of neutrality. Even if the war continues the de mand for cotton will increase, lt is estimated that 300.000 shells wore fired in one day in the battle north of Arras on June 17. The largest of these shells consumes 37 2 pounds of ot ton at each explosion. There were probably over 100,000 bales ol' cotton consumed in thh battle abm?'' Then, all available labor is bel?g used in rho mUrtufaoturi ot tents and uniforms for tho soldiers, li Is con coded that ii the -var should close the demand for cotton would soar Into new high levels. it ibo United states government ran prev ent England ! rom taking aver t ho present surplus and tho new crop, at her own figures, there is [?very reason to believe that cotton will sell for more during the next 12 tuon Hu tau it has sold for since the American civil war. Either the col lon exchanges are not informed as to conditions affecting the cotton crop, >r are assuming that tho growers aro not informed and are tryii.g to offed i (orner while prices are absurdly low. As bearing on this question, it will probably not be amiss to give some ligures. For those touching on the consumption of fertilizer I am in debted to the enterprise ol' the publi cist at Clemson College. In 1914 eight cotton growing States, not including Texas and Ok lahoma, used 4,431,000 tons of com mercial fertilizer. In 1915 these same States used 2,636,000 tons, a falling off of ll per cent, and the grade was mindi lower than of the previous year. In Texas and Oklahoma rainfall (luring the growing season has been heavier than In years, and the rav ages of the boll weevil have been proportionately greater. A conser vative citizen of Oklahoma, who for merly lived in Greenwood county, this State, informs me that the crop in Oklahoma (in sections) may be short of normal by 40 per cent. in 1 ?? i I there were approximately la,000 mules shipped into South Carolina. In 10 15 there wore only about 1,500 shipped Into this State. While we have no data as to tho number of mules and horses shipped out of tho State to the war zone, would be safe to say that several thousand would not be an excessive estimate. However the cotton bear may Ignore it, decreased horse power means decreased acreage and de reased cotton production. T will not go into the estimated reduction of cotton acreage planted to corn and grain further than to say that in South Carolina any man who has traveled over tho State knows that tho figures published by tho \'ew York cotton exchange aro ridic ulously low. It ls not likely that South Carolina stands alono In these evidences that foreshadow tho short est crop this country lias over pro duced In years. Tho new crop will be short; lt would he safo to predict that ll will fall far short of 12,000, ?00 bales. So roach for the A morl an supply. !t is said that thone is a rod insect, f possible inure destructive to cot on than the bo!) weevil, and that he crop in India is being literally lest roved hy thi* insect. While I would favor, as I did in he last Congress, any measure that .vill enable tho South to gradually market the cotton crop, 1 am frank o say (bat I do not believe the dan ;er is as grave now as then, if the earlier days of the market can be lided over without, the producer tak ing fright at the niade-to-onder scares with which the colton gam blers are so ready. The President can force England to allow our cotton the freedom O'! neutral ports, and this will make it easier for Germany, whom we ca? not force, to accede to our demands. if cotton is allowed this freedom driots will surely he satisfactory, for the law of supply and demand affect ing this crop will bo just thc reverso of that affecting tho 1914 crop President Wilson is right in his Attitude toward both Germany and longland in demanding freedom of the seas and Congress will stand squarely behind him. Wyatt Aiken. Abbeville, July ?I I. FRYE (ASM NOT Y KT SETTLED, ierniony IHuiiON Sinking of Ship in Violation International baw. Washington. Aug. 4. Germany is tnyielding in her refusal to concedo bat the sinking of the American ship William P. Frye by the auxiliary .miser Prinz hillel Friedrich in tho South Atlantic lai?t January was a violation of American rights under the Prussian-American treaty MC in ertial ional law. In reply to the last American repre tenntlons the German foreign otTlce, ?i a note made public here to-night, literates a previous just ideation of 3ermnny's course, reiterates ber will ingness to pay for the ship and ac cepts a proposal llrst advanced by tho United States- that the amount of lainages be fixed by two experts, ono o be selected by each country. Arbitration Suggest ed. Such a sum the German govcrn nent pledges itself to pay promptly, vit h the stipulation, however, that ho nnyment shall not bo viewed as a .a ''staid ion for violation of A merleui iglits. Should that, method be tte latfsf&Ctory Germany invite., im Pin ed States to arbitration ai The :i agu e. The unofficial view here is that eparation hy a commission of exeprts irobably will be satisfactory tu tho 'ailed States, with the exmess pro ision, however, that it is not a wai er of treaty rights for which the Milted Slates contends, but applies oily to the matter of damages. ll is virtually certain that if tho tatted States .allows the disputo to ;? to The litigue for Interpretation >f the treaty provision or continues he academic discussion of principles brough the channel of diplomacy, it .viii insist that, meanwhile, Germany efrain from violation of what tho United States contends are its rights. Revolves Alien! Ohl Treaty. The entire dispute revolves about. Lhe treaty of 1828, which the United ?itates contends specifically protected the William P. Prye from being sunk, lit hough it did not protect a contra band cargo. Germany takes au oppo site view, holding that the article inly obligates her to pay damages. Furthermore, Germany replies 'luit as the Frye's wheat cargo was contraband, the ship was liable to confiscation, and that, as an attempt to take the prize into a German port would have imperilled her captor, tho lest ruction of the Frye "was aecord ng to general principles of interna tional law." A rune? for German View. The note argues af length for tho lerman interpretation of the disput ai treaty provision. "On the one hand," says tho note, 'the belligerent party is to have tho "ight to prevent tho transportation of var supplies to his adversaries, even vhon carried on vessels of tho neu ral party; on the other hand, tho rommerce and navigation of tho neu ral party is to be interfered with ns ittle ns possible by the measures nec issary for such prevention, and reas* mable compensation is to be paid for niy inconvenience or damage which nay nevertheless ensue from tho pro < eding of the belligerent party." The case of tho American steamer jeelanaw, recently nuuk by a Gorman ubmar'.ne, is parallel to the Frye ase. It now is In tre preliminary tages of diplomatic negotiation CASTOR IA For Infants and Children? The Kind You Ha?e Always Bought