University of South Carolina Libraries
RAISING AND FATTENING HOl.s. A Tinnily Ardelo on tills Subject by Senator R. H. Tillman. (Farmers' Union Sun.) The people of tho South aro tho lar gest consumers of hog meat per cap ita In the world, while the people of northern climates eat moro largely of beef and mutton than they do of pork and bacon. Climatic conditions here and the habits of living handed down to us from the soml-pntrlarchlal days of slavory, have given us an appetite for hog flesh that ls equaled nowhere else. It Is nearly 2fi years since 1 be gan to Investigate and study closely the subject upon which I nm to speak; and, while I have not been actively engaged in fanning, except at Intervals during the last 15 years, I have always managed to raise onough pork for my own use and very often have had a good deal to sell. I do not hesitate to say, there fore, that hog raising ls not only practicable In a profitable way in South Carolina, but that, under In telligent management and with pro per attention to crops adapted to them, wo can produce bacon In South Carolina Just as cheaply as lt can be grown lu any part of tho United States; and the State, instead of be ing dependent upon the West, for Its supply of that necessary article, could easily and cheaply grow all the hogs it requires for home consump tion, and could make money export ing hogs. To tell you how to do this will bo my task this evening; and, while the subject can be gone into exhaustively, I shall cover . tho ground as best I may tn the limited time 1 have. The first cook book ever compilo! was written hy an Englishman named Kit ebener, and his recipe for cooking a hare has been a standing joke among literary men for a cen tury or more. lils Instructions be gan: "First, catch your hare," and then went on to give directions about the preparation and cooking. In hog raising, I will say to those who wish to engage in lt; "Kirsti catch your hog." that ls, get a good, thrifty breed that will not require pamper ing, liut will hustle for a living and take on fnt readily, lt ls useless to start unless this in jud ion ls to bc faithfully obeyed. The difference between a well bred bog and a poor ly bred one ls the difference between success and failure. Here we have tho choice between two policies to follow. Pure, thoroughbred hogs can be grown profitably and lit ted for slaughter at an earlier age; but they require pushing from start to finish, and must never be allowed to get hungry or become stunted. If so, they never recover. I have found lt more desirable under the ordinary treatment on the average plantation to have high bred grades. They are hardier and will stand a little neg lect better, are just as thrifty as the thoroughbreds, and will take on flesh just as readily nuder favorable cir cumstances. In either case, a thor ough red male should be used, and the od sow carefully selected. There J as much difference among brood sows a:: among milk cows, and It ls only after the pigs have come and thc milking qualities of the sow have leen tested that we know whe ther she ls a profitable breeder or not. One good" indication which Should be followed In selecting a sow pig for* brooding is the number of teats. I have seen sows with only ten toals and I have known others to have 18. Select the one with the largest number, certainly never lesa than 14; and, while tills ls only an Indication, it is something like the escutcheon In a milk cow, a good pointer. It Is better for the pigs to come in early fall, say October, and in March and April rather than In the dead of winter or In the boat of summer, and tho sow should not be bred loo young, though size and development should govern In this case rather than age. The first litter never amounts to much anyway. Tho num. ber of teats ls no Indication of the number of pigs that can best be sup ported by the brood sow. 1 think ten tile maximum number to bc al lowed. Tho teats are only an Indi cation of the milking qualities,- and every good brood sow, like every good milk cow, turns her food Into milk rather than Mesh and grows poor under the strain. Of course, it ls necessary to give tho sow all she can eat ot suitable food, because, ir it were difficult of old to "Make bricks without straw," a sow certain ly cannot make milk without plenty (0 eat. Just as noon as the pigs are old enough, certainly within a month after they come, they should be given extra food. This should be nitrogenous -soaked oats, rye or wheat bran and cow peas in tho shape of meal, or wholo corn in any Shape, though not ns desirable, ls better than nothing, The pigs should be pushed along without pampering, but In thc caso of a thoroughbred this ls moro necessary than willi tho high grades. When a sow luis shown herself to he a good Buckler and ha? not learned any bad habits, she becomes a very valuable pleeo of property, raising two crops of pigs a year and helping lu a very substantial way to keep the smoke house at home. Here lot me Impress one other" Idea: "lieforo you catch your hog" build a pasturo, because hogs shut Up In a dry lot are Usually unhealthy and always eat their heads off If there are any more of them than enough to clean up tho waste and eat tho slops from the kitchen. Be sides, hogs love to wallow ia water. There is no way so easy to koop down lice and other vermin which infest tho skin of hogs; and the op portunity to graze on weeds, lespe deza and other natural growths ls es sential for cheap production and also for health. Much of the hog cholera, which sometimes ravages the coun try and causes such destruction, is due to a lack of clean, pure water and no pasture. A very small piece of ground, if lt ls rich and sowed lu Bermuda grass, will answer (Japan clover will como of itself) ; and these two will furnish grazing fora good number of hogs. One acre will easily supply all of that kind of food needed for from BIX to fifteen head, according to the fertility and charac ter of tho soil. The essential thing is some green food, as nearly all the time as practicable, and plenty of pure water. As a safeguard against worms, which are sometimes very troublesome, and as an antidote against diseases, I have always used a mixture of salt and hardwood ashes, equal parts; and this should he kept In reach of the hogs at all times. And give an occasional bail of ordinary charcoal with corn mea and tho mixture In quantity enougl to have them eat up the whole mess This will insure all tho hogs gellie} some or .tho salt and ashes, because othedwise, some of them will no take it. Of course, lt is cheaper am better to have the pasture when there is a natural stream, but a there are large areas of the Stat' Which do ndt permit, the necessar; water for wallowing hole and drink lng must be supplied in whateve way is easiest In each case. Now we will discuss the growth o crops adapted to South Carolin which will supply n succession ? cheap food to give the hogs a thrift and healthy growth and make the! lat enough to butcher. And her will be the chief difficulty in the wa of most farmers. Profitable ho raising always requires some fem lug, not very much, but more tba the average man ls willing to coi struct., I tor It will be understooi of course, that there will be a di ference of treatment for brood sow and young growing hogs from Hu given to those which are being pr? pared for slaughter. I will bogt with the first of January and folio the year through as to planting croi and consuming them on the lam Hogs must do their own gathering we are to have cheap bacon. Ilof will save thc crop and turn lt int f"Lame Well" lame leg that has given me much trouble for six months. It was so bad that I couldn't walk sometimes for a week. I tried doctors' medicine and had a rubber bandage for my leg, and bought everything that I heard of, but they all did me no good, until at last I was persuaded to try Sloan's Liniment. The first apphca* ion helped it, and in two weeks rn; leg was well."-A. L. HUNTER! of Hunter, Ala. Good for Athletes. Mr. IC GILMAN, instructor of athletics, 417 Warren St., Rox bury, Mass., says:-"I have used SLOANS LINIMENT with great success in cases of ex treme fatigue after physical exer tion, when an ordinary rub-down would not make any impression." Sloan's Liniment fifffif has no equal as a ly!.IP remedy for Rhett- JMIBL mat ism, Neural- " 'J" <;ia or any pain or . <;p^/.VK '; , stiffness in the BMSUJSBKI muscles or joints, ? /TfcT^ Prico8,2^o.,60o.&$1.00 fijgffi^ Slonn's bunk on R^^Wi^^ homoR, cutt lo, Mhoep SB _rri-rr?|fjfi ? lind poultry flout H LUIUUJIJ fien. AddreM fl JZTrsy^... Dr. Earl S. Sloan, | M^MZ. Boston, Muns., If. B. A. Q|^?M???l meat at tho minimum oxponso; and tho farmer can do no better, and ho will lind it profitable to have a few small lots under separate fences. Tho whole, or at least Half, of tho culti vated land can be put under a ring fence; thou the hogs can bo allowed to roam in that Held at largo from October to March. A barley lot on rich land sowil In September or early October will furnish grazing, nutri tious and healthful, from December on. Rye from Southern grown seed is also a valuable crop for this pur pose. Two hours tn such a lot dally will answer. The most expensive and trying time of tho year in carrying the stock hogs is from February to Juno. It is the only time I Hud lt necessary to feed nome corn, in Feb ruary tho beets si.ould be planted, using tho three varieties-tho com mon tablo beet, which conies on in a very little while; sugar beets, which will supply food later, and the man gel wurzel, or stock beet. On deoply prepared, rich land an acre or two of theso varieties will furnish an im mense amount of hog feed, and we can begin to use the garden beets in .M'ay, while the others will be on hand to uso whenever needed. In March the Hrst sorghum should be planted. 1 think lt best to have it in rows and chop it out so as to have a large, succulent stalk, but it,can be sown broadcast and cut with a scythe blade. Hogs whose stomachs have been accustomed to corn while graz ing on barley and rye will eat raven ously of the sorghum and soon as the sugar develops lil July. 1 find lt the ono crop that is most profitable as a hog producer. It can bo sown as late as the 10th of July and will ma ture before frost, and can be fed to tho hog whole, stalk, top and all; keeps up a thrifty, healthy growth gets tho system in the best possible condition for fattening, and makes it possible to produce cheap pork, ll ls one of the main dependencies fron July to November. In April speck led peas or some other early matur lng variety should be planted In row: and cultivated. These will be read; for Hie boga by the middle or last o July, and they should be turned ot them (supposing a man has them ii 411 enclosure separate from the bal ance of the crop), as soon as the Hrs of tho peas begin to ripen. Rein; very rich in nitrogen, they produc bone and muscle; in other worth they give growth and size, and, sui plemeuted with sorghum, there ls a 'much fattening food in with it as i desirable. At the first plowing c corn, say the 2 0th of April or 1st c May, plant peanuts. The Spanish Vi riety will mature the latter part c August; and, If hogs can lie turne on them, they are very prolltabb They can be plowed up, as the whol eroj) comes with the top, and haule to the pasture the same as the soi ghum is. But for cheap meat fa tened at the least expense! the larg running peanut which spreads on tl ground, is my chief reliance. Thet can he grown in among the coi without, in the slightest degree, ii t?rfering with the crop or Rs cult vation. I plant two rows of corn three and a half feet rows, then row of peanuts. This gives one-thli of the land to pindars, and the nut ber of corn stalks can be regulati by the distance In the drill. I ha grown corn i:; this manner whb produced thirty bushels to the ac and ?IO to 50 bushels of groundpe and from four to ten bushels of ec peas, If the seasons suited. The lai was broken broadcast and the co planted in the usual way. When began to work the corn, I ran a bi tongue furrow down tho middle the wide row, dropped the pearn, and threw four furrows on it wltl turn plow. The balance of the spa was worked ou, with shovels, a the narrow middle between tho co rows was similarly treated. As so as the ground peas sprouted, tho b was dragged off with a heavy boai and all after cultivation was with sweep, cow peas being sown brot cast when the corn was laid 1 Planting of the groundpeas was tb a part ol' the cultivation of the co and the corn crop is in no way duced by them. Of course, tl could be planted lu a separate pat but 1 soo no sense in it. The groin peas and the cow pea's, after I hi saved all the seed I want, will ga I bored by tho hogs thoinselv "Huffy" charges ?10 cents a bushel pick peas. Mr. Hog charges nothl Rut those two feeds, cow peas ti pindars, aro entirely too rich in trogen for tho best results; the fore, tho sweet potatoes come in, cause they are starch producers r supply the missing elements in food. Any good ordinary land, pr orly broken and fertilized-not 1 getting to uso abundance of potosi will produce anywhere from 100 SOO bushels of potatoes. Some ii claim f>00 bushels, but I want to reasonable. Chemists tell us, and feeding pertinents have demonstrated, t ono bushel of sweet potatoes is eq to a half bushel of corn. Lot mako lt a pock for a certainty; t an aero of potatoes yielding bushels ls equal to 2fi bushels corn. Anyway, potatoes aie to eas ily and cheaply grown and ard prac tically so certain a crop that they should constitute ono oC tho chief in gredients In a hog's rations for fat tening. When tho potatoes and ground peas and cow peas can be grown under tho same fence we have an Ideal arrangement for chi ap pro duction of hog meat and lt o ight to be very easy for any fanner to ar range his rotation so that these crops can be utilized by tho hogs as soo.: as the corn ls gathered and the ground poas matured, say about tho time of tho first killing frost. Tho amount of cheap pork that can be produced on a two-horse farm where the plans I have Indicated are carried out In the way I have suggested, would he astonishing. After the fattening hogs have gotten all they want or require, then we can turn In the Block bogs to glean the Held; but, If there ls an abundance, we need not walt, but can let the stock hogs and the brood sows and pigs run In tho same field. They will not Interfere with tho cotton that has not been picked. The one possi ble Interruption will bo that of sow lng the grain, oats and wheat. Hui. even this difficulty is more Imagin ary'than real. I have never tried lt, but Northern hog raisers ring the noses of their pigs to prevent them from rooting, and 1 do not sec why wo could not do the samo thing. If given plenty of salt, hogs do not root much. Of course, trampln; over and grazing on winter grain ls not desirable, but lt. will not hurt ex cept in very clayey land, if Hie root ing is prevented. Raised after this system. Hie hogs will be ready lo slaughter after the middle of Novom. ber, and economy in tho uso of offal makes three killings desirable. They need not have any corn, the most ex|iensive hog feed we can grow, except for ten days before they are killed, and the cost is very sinai! compared with the corn-fed hog. lt will take all winter for the slock bogs to glean and clean out the cow peas and ground peas; and during Janu ary, February and March they should be fed sweet potatoes that have been banked, wit li a very little corn. Of course, when corn planting begins, the hogs must go to a regular pas ture and must then graze on rye and barley lots; and these lots should be planted In speckled peas, sorghum, potatoes, or corn to cut green so as to get In the barley and rye early. Two crops will thou be grown on the lots annually, thus necessitating heavy manuring. Now a word as to curing. We have hams at our house that are going on three years old that are perfectly sound and sweet, so sweet and nutty that they are far more delicious to my taste than the Smithfield or any other ham that you can buy In the market. The hogs have been killed and cleaned-after a rain, not before, because it might turn warm and lt ls bettor to have Ice on the water than not-cut up after they are cold enough to bo somewhat stiff, because a neater job can be made of lt.; sprinkle well with good common salt; spread out, without tho meat being more than one layer deep, to cool and drive off the animal heat and draw out the water that Is In the meat. Salt down the next day, covering up everything and filling in around the pieces, and leave for from three to five weeks, according to the size of the meat and the coldness of the weather. Use saltpeter If you want a red color to the hams, but I prefer lt without. Don't disturb lt, no matter how warm lt may be; and, If you have used enough salt, there will be no danger of its puffing at the joints and becoming tainted. ?T?t?ig up after washing all the salt off with warm water and let lt be smoked from a fire of corncobs or hickory Worn Women-, worn and tir tonic. That feeling of wei not leave you of itself. Cardui, that effectual ren weaknesses of women. 1 tried Cardui and write en benefit it has b#*m to them. -use this reliable, oft-tri< The Worn; Mra. Rena Hare, of Pierce, wrote: "I waa a sufferer from pain in my side and logs, could i "I suffered for years, until i Cardui. Tho first bottle gave me Try Cardui. 'Twill help you. ' AT ALL m Makc9 rich, red, pur system - clears the brain - st? A positive specific for B!oo Drives out Rheunatlsm and ? is a wonderful tonic and body-1 F. V. LIPPMAN, FOltTIKY ( ANAL, $5,000,000. President Sends Congress Special Message Urging Fortlllenthni. Washington, Jan. 1.2.- President Taft to-day sent to Congress a spe cial message urging the fortillcation of the Panama Canal and recom mending that an appropriation of $5,000,000 for initiation of tho work on the proposed defenses bo made out at tho present session of Con gress, ile forwarded with the mes sage the report of the special army and navy board, recommending forti fication of the canal. "The canal, when completed," said the President in his message, "will afford the only convenient route for water communication between At lantic and Pac i ftc coast ports, and virtually will be a part of the coast line of the United States. Its assur ed possession and control will con tribute to our peace, safety and pros perity as a nation. "In my judgment lt ls Hie right and the duty of tho United States to fortify and make capable of defense the work that will hear so vital a re lation to Its welfare, and that is being created solely by it and at an expenditure ol' enormous sums." A Reliable Cough Medicine Is a valuable family friend. Foley's Honey and Tar fulfills this condition exactly. .Mrs. Charles Kline, N. 8th street. Basion, Pa., states: "Several members of my family have been cured of bad coughs and colds by the use of Foley's Honey and Tar and I am never without a bottle In the house, lt soothes and relieves the Irritation in the throat and loosens up thc cold. 1 have always found lt a reliable cough cure," Barton's Pharmacy, Walhalla; W. J. Lunney, Seneca. Denied Cigarettes, Man Died. New York, 'Jan. 12.-John Mi chaels, a young cooper, IB dead In a Brooklyn hospital because he was suddenly deprived of cigarettes for two days, after he bad been addicted to their constant use for 15 years. Michaels was arrested on a charge of stealing jewelry. Before he was sent to Jail he asked Ids friends to keep him supplied with cigarettes, but they were unable to do so. Ile bad been In the habit of smoking 80 a day, he said. Ile was In jail only two days when ho was talton very ill and was sent to the hospital. His death followed shortly afterwards. chips, not too much, though, or it will make the meat rank. After the scalding and before hanging, trim off Hie jagged ends and pieces so as to have smooth. Uso powdered borax in a common pepper box, dust ing it on all the fleshy side and hock and rubbing lt in well with the hand:;, nothing more. It will then keep free from bugs, skippers, flies and other Insects almost Indefinitely; and no one ever knows that the bo rax has been applied to it so far as the taste is concerned. All that is needed when the meat is to be cook ed is to wash it well In hot water. Women ed from overwork, need a \kness or helplessness will You should take Wine of ?edy for the ailments and thousands of women have thusiastically of the great Try it-don't experiment id medicine. J? au's Tonic Tia., tried Cardui and afterward all sorts of female trouble, had lot sloop, had shortness of breath, ay husband insisted on my trying rolief and now I am almost wolL" tua STORKS h, Poke Root and Potassium) Powerful Permanent Stubborn casca Good resulta aro yield to P, P. P, lasting-it cures VIUM ot nui nu., li- you to stay cured dues aro useless o blood-cleanses tho entire mgthens digestion and nerves. ri Poison and skin diseases. Stops the Pain; ends Malaria; .milder. Thousands endorso it. SAVANNAH, GA. M. R. MCDONALD, Attoruey-at-Law, Walhalla, South Carolina. Olllco with R. T. Jaynes. MARCUS C. LONG, Attorney-at-Law, Phono 00. Walhalla, South Carolina. Olllco Over Oconco Nows. IO. L . II ERN DON, Attorney-at-Law, Walhalla, South Carolin?. PHONE No. Ol. P. Carey, J. W. Shela*, Plekens, S. C. Walhalla, S. C. W. C. Hughs, Walhalla. CAREY, SUCCOR & HUGHS, Attorn cyr andi Counsellors, Walhalla, S. 0. Practico In State and Federal Courts. R. T. J A YNES, Attornoy-at?Law, Walhalla, South Carolina. Practice In State and Federal Court*, Roll Phone No. 20. DR. D. P. THOMSON, DENTIST, SENECA, SOUTH CAROLINA. OFFICE OPEN EVERY DAY. DR. W. P. AUSTIN, Dentist, Seneca, South Carolina. Office over J. W. Byrd & Co. VISITING CARDS-All the latest 1 stylos. We want your orders for flrst Iclass work in tho Engraving line. We I can furnish any stylo or any quantity I you may desire. Write or call on THE KEOWEE COURIER, Walhalla, S. 0. CLOSING OUT ! We expect to make some changes in our line and are now closing out our entire line of MEN'S and YOUTHS' CLOTHING and SHOES. This part of our line MUST GO. This is your opportunity? We also have the best se lected line of Dress Goods and Notions we have ever carried. Also Rugs, Art Squares and Lounge Cov ers, Call and see them, M. S* Stribling, Westminster, S. C. THE BLUE RIDGE RAILWAY CO. Ref ween Relton and Walhalla. Time Table No. ll,-Effective No vember 27, 1910. KABTHOUND- I 12 j 10 j 18 j 20 j 8 LvWalhalla. I.vWcHt Union .?. I.vHouooa..'. I.vMonlnnln Junction Lv*Adai>i8. I.V'Chorry. l.vl'ondlolon. Lv*Autnn. I.vHandy Springs. I.v*Uonvor. Lv*Wost Anderson.... ArAndorson-PaasDop I.vAndoraon-l'asaDop ' Lv*An<lorson-FrtUop A I Iii.lion. A M 7 00 7 05 7 23 7 20 7 41 7 44 7 BO 8 01 8 07 8 12 8 20 P M 3 20 3 25 8 13 3 40 4 Ol 4 04 4 16 4 24 4 27 4 33 4 47 AM PM 8 81 8 34 9 00 4 62 8 00 4 5^18 03 6 ?A 8 30 WMTSODND? ll 9 17 A M 10 80 10 85 11 80 ll 38 H 58 11 M 12 2? 12 38 12 42 1250 1 08 1 16 2 20 2 2? 2 50 10 LvBelton. I.v?Andoraon-Kr't Do ArAndoraon-Paso Do LvAiulorson-Pass Do Lv*W08t AndorRon.... I,v*Donvor. I.vSandy Hprlngs. I,v*Autun. LvPondloton.. I.v?Cliorry. Lv'Adaraa. Lv?JordanIa Junction T.vHonooa. LvWoat Union. A r Walhalla. PM 5 35 0 00 A M ll 2? ll 47 AM 9 10 0 03 0 08 0 20 fi 25 0 27 6 34 C 44 C 40 ? OJ 7 03 7 21 7 20 ll 50 11 67 12 10 12 15 12 18 12 2fi 12 80 12 ?9 12 67 1 00 1 18 I 23 AM. 3 00 3 27 3 80 AM 7 00 7 08 7 28 7 38 7 86 7 t? 8 U 8 14 8 35 0 20 0 45 0 50 Will also Btop at tho following stations and take on and let off pas sengers: Phinney's, James's, TOXA way, Welch. A. B. Andrews, President. J. R. Anderson, Superintendent^ _ Wu Surely Stop Thal Conan?