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FAST SLACK ON COTTON H08IERY. What it I? Made of-How Dyed and Finished. Som? Mills Use Poisonous Chemicals. [Written Expressly for The Keowoe Cou rier by Prof. A. N. Dubois, Analytical Chemist and Colorlst, of Philadelphia.] Blaok on cotton hosiery is known in the market by tbe name of "fast black" and is dyed with a chemical product, made from coal tar, and known as aniline. Hence it is called "aniline black" and is of capital im portance among the cotton hosiery manufacturers, for it gives employ ment to a good many thousands of men and women as knitters, dyers and finishers. It involves a large capital that goes by the millions of dollars all over the country. The South, of late years, has been very enterprising in tho textile branch of this industry, and during the past six or soven years capitalists have been all over the South erect ing largo mills and starting dyeing for themselves, and it is still going on largely, for the Southern hosiery manufacturers are bright and up to the importance of cotton hosiery, for the simple reason that they have natural advantages over tho North growing tho cotton right at their door, having cheap lumber, iron and labor. The importance of tho cotton hosiery industry in America is not known to tho general public. Nor is it known that fully 90 per cent of the whole output of cotton hosiery in America is fast black. Fast blaok is everywhere, on every dry goods counter, and, it is safe to say, there is not a homo in the United States where fast black cotton hosiery is not worn. Indeed, this color is so popular that every one wears it in preference to all others. But there is fast black and fast black. Some are dyed by ignorant men who em ploy poisonous chemicals ; others dye this black with formulas they bought from unscrupulous parties. They aro just as ignorant ns tho .former. But those that sold such 'dye formulas to ' confident purchasers aro to blatno. By using such poisonous black on cotton hoprery the father, mother, 80n.J??i? daughter are certainly en '."."'dangered to blood poison. Where is the general public's safety? How will they knew if the black they buy is or is not poisonous dye ? All blacks are so much alike in appear ance, and Bold by hosiery jobbers, generally to hosiery, notion and dry goods stores that care very little, if at all, if the black is or is not poi sonous dye. They buy and sell and that is all tboy care for. When the hosiery and notion stores put these goods on their counters for sale they do not know whether the black is poisonous c.' not. They have no way to know, tor there is no law in the United States that limits the job dyer to tho use of certain chemicals, and this is tbc reason why there arc so many fast blacks on the market, dyed by many dye formulas, most of them more or less poisonous. Since 1883 the writer, by himself alone, has been making a fight against the use of poisonous chemicals with which to dye cotton hosiery. I have not yet met tho right men to join nie in taking action towards urging the boards of health of the diff?rent States, where fast black is dyed, to pass laws and make it mandatory that tho dye formulas bc submitted to dye house inspectors. The writer bas made numerous improvements in tho way of fa t black dyeing, and BUOCCded, after years of experiment and expendi ture of much time and money, in producing a non-poisonous aniline fast black on cotton hosiery, and has introduced his discovery in many cotton hosiery mills all over tho coun try, principally in Pennsylvania,Con necticut, Minnesota, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia and Ten nessee. In all l.'? manufacturers and dyers have adopted this discovery A. N. Dubois's Sanitary Past Uiaek -for which I bave a trade mark, and all purchasers of my ?lye formula are at liberty to use the same. This trado mark is a label with thc words, "A. N. Duboi8'8 Sanitary Fast Black, Warranted Non-Poisonous Dye," and signed "A. N. Dubois," ?which is pasted on every pair of cot ton hosiery. Such is tho guarantee and trade mark. By this means tho public can positively know it is buy ing a non-poisonous dye and when you buy cotton hosiery insist on hav ing the A. N. Dubois Sanitary Black. In the South the following manu facturera have not been slow in adopt ing this new dye formula : The Ooo nee Knitting Mills, Walhalla, S. C. This mill bas just, made considerable alterations in its dye bouse and is now running on full time and very busy. The Newberry Knitting Mill, Newberry, S. C.; Seott-Harving Ho siery Mill, Manning, S. C; The Shamrock Hosiery Mills, Winston Sale m, N. C.; Scotland Neck Cotton Mills, Scotland N?'ck, N. C.; The Mathis A Davis Co., and Davis Hosiery Mills, East Chattanooga, Tenn., and Riohmond Hosiery Mills, Rossville, Ca. In the North : Io Philadelphia, Angola Dyeing Co., lirowu-Aberle Co., Thomas W. Buck Hosiery Co., E. J. Chester Hosiery Co., Chester Dyeing Co., Dragon Dye Works, A. T. Harris Dyeing Co., Indellible Fast Black Dye Works, Pilling & Madeley, E. Sutro & Son ; Towanda Knitting Co., Towanda, Pa.; W. C. Urner & Co., Spring City, Pa.; Mellerose Hosiery Mills, East Strasburg, Pa.; The Noble & Horse Hosiery Mille Reading, Pa.; The Pond Iiily Dye Works, New Haven, Conn.; Salem KrdUing Mills, Salem, N. J.; Mankat Mills, Mankato, Minn. Of every color k wn there are none so complicated and interesting as aniline fast black on cotton hosiery. Aniline! What is it? Tho general public knows vory little of it, if any thing at all. For the benefit of the reador I will describe, in a short paragraph, what it is. It is known that in manufacturing gas from coal that there is a heavy, blaok oil that separates from the coal during its distillation, to make gas for lighting and kitchen purposes. This heavy, black oil is known as coal tar and contains more than forty different products that are made use of in the dye industry and medicine. Among these products there is ono known in chemistry (in the English language) as benzol, but knowu as benzine in Frenoh and in America. This ben zol or benzine is a light oil, distilled from thc heavy coal tar, and is the base of the aniline with which ani line black is dyed on cotton. To transform it into aniline it bas to undergo different chemical processes, brielly as follows : The benzol, or benzine, is first mixed with a suita ble proportion of nitric acid and when thc process is over we liavo a product known as nitro-benzol, or nitro*benzine, which has a pleasant odor of bitter almond and is exten sively used in perfumery and soap making to give that pleasant bitter almond llavor, and is sold under tho name of "oil mirbano." When this nitro-benzol is further treated with a reducing agent, such as zinc or iron in powder, in suitable proportions, it transforms from nitro-benzol to aniline oil. This aniline oil is fur thermore treated with hydrochloric acid to combine with the chlorine of this acid, which forms hydrochlorate of aniline. This orystalizes into beautiful, flat, white crystals, and is thc product with which aniline blacl is formed directly upon cotb hosiery by a very interesting and complicated process. As there arc no ready-prepared aniline black colors on tho market for the use of dyers, as are blue, red and yellow, wo must, therefore, pro duce thc color upon the cotton itself by a process known as aniline oxi dizing process, as follows: The hydroohlorate of aniline, known also is aniline salt, is dissolved in water. Tho cotton to be dyed is saturated with tho solution, havin g in its com pound various oxygen salts that must all bo non-poisonous in order to make a non-poisonous dye. When tho goods aro saturated with this compound they arc placed in a closed room, heated to a certain tempera ture, in large revolving drums, which arc kept constantly in motion for a So Tired lt may be from overwork, but the chances are Its from an in active I IVfBD With a well conducted LIVER one can do mountains of labor without fatigue. lt adds a hundred per cent to ones earning capacity. tt can be kept In healthful actio* 6y, and only by Tuft's Pills TAKE NO SUBSTITUTE. palo OD, big ' kSJi can not bc out a liberal am in the fertilizer - ten per cent. Ii form of Sul^hat highest quality. "Plant Food" and "Truel books which tell of the success: other garden truck-sent free Address, QBKMA New York-9J NUMU Street, or certain number of hours, and little by little tbe heat of the drying room causes the oxygen to set itself free from itu compound and to combine with the hydrogen of the aniline, thus the mutual exchange of chemi cal elements takes place and tho ani line is oxidized into a green color, which is known by the dyer as erner aldine green. This color is the base of the fast black, and to develop this green into a blaok, the goods are sub mitted to a further process of poroxi dation in a chromic aoid bath, or bichromate, whereas the fast blaok is produced on tho cotton fabrio by the chromic acid acting upon the aniline green. The goods are subsequently washed and soaped and this ends the proc?ss. They are then read)' to go to tho finishing room, where the stockings are put on forms to give them tho proper shape, dryed and pressed, stamped and bundled and shipped to the stores. The ingredients used in fast black dyeing that are most objectionable are sugar of lead, better known .as acetate of lead, vert-de-gris, better known aB acetate of copper, and pms siate of potash, also known ns ferri and ferrocyanine of potassium. This chemical is very poisonous indeed. Yert-de-gris, or acetate of copper, is as bad as Puris green, and tho ferro cyanine of potassium is a powerful, deadly poison, and it takes very lit tle to kill. Oxalic acid, arseniato of soda and arseniate of aniline arc also very deadly poisons. All these deadly chemicals are not used in a single compound, but oven if only one of them is used it is sufficient to cause blood poison. Sugar of lead, or acetate of lead, ta known to all as a deadly poison, but in fast black dyeing, when tho cotton is submitted to the chromic acid bath a chrome yellow is formed on the stocking, which makes it very poisonous in deed, and endangers the health of the working men handling such a poisonous dye. It is desirable that the boards of health of the United States should impress upon their rospectivo gov ernments the passage of a law that would forbid the use of such poison ous chemicals in order to secure tho safety of the general public and tho -resent and future generations. The writer will, at any time, make a free st of any fast black cotton hosiery that may be sent bim by any board of health in America at bis labora tory, '2170 Sedgely avenue, above Twenty-Seventh street, Philadelphia, l*a. Any information concerning the same will be cheerfully given by mail free of charge. I hereby appeal to all mon of con science, for humanity's sake, to join mc in the work of influencing thc proper authorities to take such action as will prohibit the use of poisonous chemicals in dyeing fast black on cotton hosiery, and I hold ?that any dyer or manufacturer who know ingly and willfully insists on using such poisonous chemicals in his dye formulas, is guilty of a misdemeanor and ought to be punished. roi or mm. 1)OOKS OF REGISTRATION for tho ? the rc Milar city election, to he held on January 15th, 1000, for Mayor and six Aldermen, aro now open at "Tho People's Bank," and will close on Saturday, .Janu ary'1, 1000. You must havo your County Certificate and Tax Reooipt, also must have been a resident of tho Stato two years, County ono year and Town four mouths to entitle you to register. GEORGE SEABORN, Supervisor. October ll, 1005. 41-tf NOTICE OP FINAL SETTLEMENT AND DISCHARGE. - Notice is hereby giyon that tho undersigned will make application to I). A. Smith, Esq., J migo of Probato for Oconoo county, in tho Stato of South Carolina, on FRIDAY, tho 1st day of Docombor, 1005, at 10 o'clock in tho forenoon, or as soon thereafter as said appli cation can lio heard, for loavo to make final settlenient of the personal ostato of Alox. Li Mason, doceasod, and ohtain dischargo as Administrator of said per sonal estate R. B. MASON, Administrator of tho Personal Kstato of Alex. L. Mason, docoasod. November 1, 1005. 44-48 'mealy" potatoes ! produced with ount of POTASH -not less than : must be in the e of POTASH of z Farming" are two practical ful growing of potatoes and the to those who write us for them. N KALI WORKS. AtUnfci, (18.-22,', So. Broad Street. EXECUTORS' SALE OF LAND. BY virtuo of the power givon us in the last will and testamont of J. W. Cary, deceased, wo will sell, at public outcry, to tho highest bidder, in front of tho Court House door at Audersoii, South Carolina, during the legal hours of salo, on Monday, Uecomber 4th, 1005, boiug salesday in December, the follow ing described tract of land, belonging to the estafo of the lato J. W. Cary, de coa8od, aud direotod by said last will and tostamont to be Bold by us, to-wit: All that piece, parcel or traot of land situate, lying and being in the state of South Carolina, iu Anderson and Ooonee counties, located ono and a quarter miles from Pendleton, two and a half miles from clemson College, and bounded on tho east by Eightoou Milo Crook, on tho south by lands of Mr. Smith, on tho wost by lands of Mr. Whitten, and on tho north bv lands of J. V. Cary and the public road from Pendleton to Soneoa City, containing eighty-eight (88) acres, more or loss. The placo contains a dwelling house and outbuildings, and has about twenty-five acres of good bottom laud and about twelve acres of wood land. TERMS OF SALE : Cash. Purchaser to pay extra for titles. J. T. CARY, J. E. CARY, Qualified Executors of tho last Will and Testament of J. W. Cary, deceased. Novombor 8, 1005. 45-48 MASTER'S SALES. PURSUANT TO A DECREE OF THE AFORESAID COURT, in tho cases mentioned below, I will otter for salo, to tho highest bidder, in front of tho Court House, at Walhalla, S. C., on MONDAY, tho fourth day of December, 1005, between tho legal hours of salo, thc tracts of latid below described: Mary MoQuffin ot al., Plaintiffs, against J. S. King, as Administrator of tho Per sonal Estate of John EL McGuffin, De ceased, and others, Dofondants. "All that certain pioco, parcel or tract of land, situate, lying aud being in tho County of Ooonee, of tho Stato of South Carolina, on the headwaters of Rig Heavordam crook, adjoining lands of Elizabeth Reardon. S. B. King, J, W. Beardcn, L. A. Edwards and others, containing ninety acres, moro or less, and hoing tho tract known as tho "Mc Guffin Homestead Tract." Terms of Salo: Ono half cash and tho I balanco in ono annual installment, with leave to tho purchaser, bowovor, to an tioipato payment. Credit portion to boar interest from dato of salo and bo secured by mortgago of tho promises; that In ovont of failure of tho purchasor 1 or purchasers to comply with tho terms of salo within tivo days from day of salo tho Master do ro-advortiso and resell said premises on tho following salesday, or somo convenient salesday thereafter, at tho samo placo and on the same terms as heretofore set out, at tho risk of former purchaser or purchasers, who comply with tho terms of salo. Purchaser to pay extra for papers. W. O. WHITE, Master Oconoo County, S. C. November 8, 1005. Mary E. Browor, ot al., Plaintiffs, against Jnni08S. Bynum ot. al., Dofondants. All that certain pioco, parcel or tract of land situate, lying and being in tho County of Oconee, of tho State of South Carolina, on tho north prong of Cane crook, waters of Little river, waters of Sonoca rivor, adjoining lauds of Eliza Williams, Andrew Lipscomb and others, containing one hundred acres, belonging to tho estate of David R. Moore and whereon he resided at tho time of his death. Terms of Sale: CASH. That in ovont of failure of tho purchaser to comply with tho terms of salo within livo days the Master do roadvertiso and resell said premises on tho following salesday, or somo convenient salesday thereafter, at tho samo placo and on tho Hamo terms as above sot out. at the risk of tho former purchaser, anti that ho do continue so to do until bo has found a purchaser who oomplios with the terms of salo. Pur ? Maser to oay extra for papers. W. O. WHITE, Master Oconoo County, S. C. November 8, 1005. 45-48 SHERIFF'S SALE. BY virtue of an execution to mo directed from tho Court of Common Pleas of Oconoo county, South Carolina, In the case of A. G. MoOurry, Plaintiff, against John Pugh and lien Pugh, Do fendants, I will soil, ai publie auction, to tho highest bidder, in front of the door of Walhalla Court House on saleday in Decombor next, within tho logal hours of snlo, tho following doscribod real estato, to-wit: "All tho8o certain three pieces, parcels or lots of land, situate, lying and being in tho town of Westminster, of tho County of Oconoo, of tho State of South Carolina, known in tho plan of said " -vn as Lots Numbers (55, 57 and 50) fifty-flvo, fifty-seven and fifty-nine, savo ana oxcopt tho lot sold and conveyed by Bon Pugh to J. A. Earle on the 20th day of May, 1005, fronting on Spring stroot ('<:'.) feet and running back from Spring stroot along Stuckoy 58 feet." Levied on as the property of tho do fondant, Ben Pugh. TERMS : Cash. W. M. KAY, Sheriff Oconoo County, S. C. November 8, 1005. 45-48 DRESS GOODS. Uroadololus, Silks, French Suitings, Tricots, Etc., with Trimmings to match. CLOTHING-. Men's, Boys' and Youth's. SHOES, ETC. The best Lino 1 havo ever carrion*. Complete Line o? Nations, Hats and Caps, best Goods tor the Mouey. M. S. STRIBLING, Westminster, S. C._ We Don't Own the Paper, FOR if we did we would tell about all tho things we have. As it is we can only toll you that now is the time to get that Christmas prosout, before they have boon picked over. Wo have just opened up a fine liuo of China and Silver Ware-quadruple plated every pioco with a Gorman Silver base fully warranted. We have a beautiful lot of Sterling Spoons, Forks and Novelties. We have some boautiful Pictures. Seo tho ono wo sell for $1.40; only ono to each poison. Bread Trays, Silver Waiters, Butter Dishes, Nut Dishes, Tea spoons, Tablespoons, Kin ves and Forks, Cako Plates, Syrup Cans, Cream Pitchers, all of tho best guaranteed Quadruple Plated Ware. CHINA-Wo have Cake Plates, Chocolate Sots, Chocolate Pots, Vases, Salid Bowls, Tea Sets, Cracker Jars aud all kinds of flue China in tho gonuino Japan goods. TOILET ARTICLES-We have them in tho gonuino French Stag and in Ebouy with Sterling Mouutiugs, Shaving and Hand Mirrors. We havo them from Gold Plates at $0.50 to 50-ceut Ebony. It will pay you to look and got our prices. We have on hand all the time PURE, FRESH DRUGS. In tne Jowelry Depart munt we havo tho largest lot Solid Gold, Plain and Sot Rings in this county. Watches from $1 up. Chains, Fobs, Lookots, Charms -and all good, solid Gold, standard goods. PERFUMERY AND SOAPS-This lino wo import from Japan. Just seo them. We know that we havo the largest assort nice t of bulk and bottlo Per fumery in tho country. Call for sample of J?nico-Freo. Sold for $1 por ounce. Wo have on baud all the time, Paints, Oils, White Load, Window Glass of all sizes, and Painters' Supplies. Prices aro always right. Remember, wo sell tne drugs that got you woll. GARTER'S PHARMACY, WESTMINSTER, S. C. U KITHING I have just received tho greatest lino of Clothing shown In this mar ket at prices that wilt knock 'om all out. Mon's Suits $2.50 to $17.50. Boys' Suits $2 to $10. Children's Suits $.1 to $5. Can lit, almost any man; boy or child in tho county. Extra Pants and Knee Pants at reduced prices. Dress Goods. Tho greatest values in Dress Goods shown in this market. 5,000 yards American Indigo Prints and Simpson & Sons Prints to closo out nt 5 cents. 1,000 yards 40-inch Sheeting at 6 couts. 2,000 yards River Sido Plaids at (5 cents. 1,000 yards Outings at 4 cents. 1,000 yards Canton Flannels at 5c. to (lie, 71c. to 10c. Hamilton Hickory Stripes at 10 couts. Many other good thiugs too numerous to mention at prices that will movo them. Shoes, Shoes. Our Shoo Stock is full and completo, and was bought before tho advance in Leather, and wo are in position to protect our trado by giving thom Shoes at tho old price. Groceries. Good Patent Flour, $5. Capitola Flour, $5.25. Good Half Patent Flour, $4.40. Standard Granulated Sugar, 20 lbs. for $1. 7 to 0 pounds (iood ('offec, $1. Most of our stock must bo sold within tho next thirty days and wo aro going to make juices that will movo it. COME AT ONCE AND SEE OUR BAR GAINS AND WHAT WE GOT TO OFFER YOU. Doors, Sash and Blinds. W. P. Nimmons, Seneca, S. C. Lime and Ce ment. NORMAN' SBAS?TKE Specially Low Prices on Shoes, Hats, Pants, Shirts, Trunks, Valises, Lamps. Wall Paper, Window Shades, CrocKery, Tin, ALL KINDS SEEDS. 5 AND 10-CENT COUNTERS.