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TERM S: Published ovory Thursday Morning. For subscription, $1.50 por annum, strictly in advance; for six months, 75 oonts; for four months, GO cont?, Advertisements inserted ut ono dollar por square of ono inch or loss for tho Arst insertion and'fifty couts for oaoh sub soquont insertion, Obituary Notices exceeding ilvo lines, Tributos of Itospoot, Communications of a personal oharaotor, whoa admissablo. and Announoomonts of Candidatos will bo ohnrgod for as advortlsomonts, Job Printing noatly and cheaply oxcou tod, Necessity oompols us to adhoro strlotly to tho requirements of Cash Payments. To Thine Own Mc? Hi -I ?nv ?ml li ?I nut l'ollfnv a? ?he NI*M the I>i?r> Thou Cnns't Net Then He False to Any ?Ion. K?OW?? COURIER [V/XJ?Kf,Y,3 ~^K8TAT?M8HBD AT Old Pickens in 1840,. , -MOV KD TO-- 1 ' Walhalla in 1868/ BY THOMPSON, SMITH ? JAVNES. WALHAIXA, SOVTIt CAROLINA, SEPTJ5MBI3H 4, 1800. VOLUME XI.I. -NO 3?. Destroyed by Fire Jun? '21.8t, 1887. Re-Established August 81 1887. ?V_ ?I Sixteen Pounds co OF 0 Whole Rice FOR i> One Dollar. With One Eye Out ! I . V m) Huy ft $!l??.(K) Ruggy nnil you will ta ko;..?K\????r it in ono or two yon??, ?ny n cheap Curt for $10, $12 or $.IC?.tnd you soon need nnotlior Curt. Now you hovo good tm HISVA?H judgment onougli to ROO Mils is solid talk. I proposo to givo you a few dots on Carts: Snvo your monoy, timo ami cn I on ts ami como mid KOO om Quin. Oolliin"? On,i*t Moniifnot.iiWng" Company, At th? Furnituro and Coffin Stand of S. M. VanWyck. The Gem o? tie Mountains. TflE highost town East of tho Hockey Mount nins, ia IIioiii.ANDf:, N. C.; altitude, Main Stroot, 0,817 foot. Finest ail-round climate.j Hummer brat rarely ahovo 80?; ioo-cold springs; grandest wn tor-falls and mountain scouory; li nest timber and almost all known minerals. Groat summer and winter rosort. The Hluhlaralu Star, $1 por year; 5c. por copy; full of information. COE HHOS., Pub lishers, Highlands, Macon county, N. C. In the Land of the Sky. 1 A -TIIK Farmers' Friends, THE WORLD, DAILY, EIOIIT PACKS, $7 A Y KAU THE SUNDAY IHJJMUT, TWKI.VK PACKS, $2 A YKAII. (?y MAU, ONLY.) THE WE?K7IY W?RM?, TWKI.VK PACKS, $1 a YKAU. Tim Largest, Newsiest, Hright ost, Host and ONLY Fearless Paper in South Carolina. SAMPLE COPIES FREE, -ADDRESS WORLD R UD GET GO. CHARLESTON, S. 0. Merchant Tailor? IilREDERICK T1IKILK17IIL, lato of ? Gormnny, a profossionnl tailor, is firoparod to do any kind of work in Iiis ino on reasonable corms. Give him a call at his oflleo on Main streot, next door to Rank, Walhalla, S. C. October 81 1881). . 4<f-tf THE CRESCENT MINERAL =WATKR= Will Core Tur ODE OP EOftfiY ?ftSBS OP LIVER ADD KIDBBY DISEASE BURED, Mr. J. N. Smith, for twenty years an engineer on tho Greonvillo and Columbia lt. lt.. says: "Tho Crcscont Minorai Water is curing mo of a long standing Kidney Tioublo, and I am hotter to-day than 1 havo boon for ton years, all through tho uso of this water, and my wifo, who for many years has been obliged to take medicine for her livor, has had no occasion for nny medicino since using tho Crescent Water, mid now feels liko n now poison." Leading citi/ons of Greonvillo ndd the follow "ag: "Tlie .oslimony of John N. Smith, re garding tho wonderful curativo effects of tho Crcscont Minorai Water will bo of groat value, for no man's word is stronger hi Greonvillo than his." J. II. Judson, President Km mau Uni versity. A. H.Curoton, Superintendent. Cotton Sood Mill. Frank Hammond, Prosldont People's Hunk. H. C. Mnrkloy, Carriago Manufacturer. T. C. Gowor, Froprlotor Stroot Railway. John H. Maxwoll, M. D. J. W. Howoll, M. D. G. T. Swandalo, M. I). J. W. Karlo, M. I). John Ferguson, Grocor. H. E. Allon & lire, Grocers. J. P. Mlllor, Grocor. S. M. Snidor <k Co., Jewelers. G. I). Darr, Stovo Doalor. John Hart, Contractor and Builder. Som! for book of testimonials. A (?aso of Crescent Minorai Water, con taining ix nair'-gaiion bottles, wii? be scut hy express, prepaid, hy us on receipt cf $4.00, and $1.00 a 'Vzon will bo allowed for bottles roturnou at our oxponsc. * If your Druggist has not obtained n supply, ord or diront of tho ORESCENT MINERAL WATER CO., Greonvillo, 8. 0. July 8, 1800 Result of the Primary Election held in Oconee County August 22d, 1890. NAME COKOUKS?. J nKlMIKMCNTATlVKS jlN?. ftOII." ?O?JMTT :COUNTY COMMISSIONKUS. I ^?t&lHUhlt'R.-j "'?T?nTO?. " *T-" OP" .'';'."PH^ . w H i* ^ I ^ I MM ^ Mw'gbM p ?? * :L ? I fi ! I ! ff 1 81 ? li S|C ? Ii IE 8 j| I i s f I i S ll ? I I ?Lun- in i f j i Ff hi M tn ri i r if r i Mi \ f f f.?- r Wnlhalla.. 77 7 .. 108 131(3 20! 80 01 7ft?X4B?|~2?s 13"~?T?l?]l07 04 ?2$S3ffi^!ol^^lo ^ I4? "1 "?fi ~18 1?? I? "22? 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Oafcflrovo..;.. 1.... 7... 25 20 14 21 0} 34 4 2ll 2 8 27 80 14 8 7 12 6 23 2 10 2 28 4 85 Frloinlaliip. 23.. .. 18 .3 I 28 10 20*28 : 44 10 82; 0 .32 23 20 2 0 20 88 12 Jtf 5 28 15 48 TomaH8oV .... 16.... 2 ... 3 14 7 MM 80 ll 4l 8 10 1 18 35 28 15 Q 8 if 0 15 7 27 6 80 l)amnaou8\. 4 00... 0 20 13 41 M 43 12 18? 1 32 20 d8 48 10 10 57 17 4 27 31 14, 30 30 i- *"> Saloni.....\ .. 3 0.. 0... 00 44 7 41 81, 77 48 35 2 4 ll 20 74 7 03 40 0 38 1 1 01 - S 20 05 ? 80 Wttlo ?ivor\.. 1.... 10... rt ll 4 18 1 13 21 22 2 1 8 ll 1 10 18 ll 5 ll 7 7 2? f ?S Iacholor.\ ...... .. 0 5 5 4 12 12 4 10 0 7 1 2 15 7 1 1 10 7 5 1 1 ? ; 4 16 in ?nr?,VhlcJnC0"--(S 5 18 2 7 it 20i fl 28 0 14 2 7 18 14 8 21 4 7 2 rt 17 1 10 1 2 1 28 iM*^I5*;1 SS 1 821 8B 80 2-1 1 0 6 18 3 11 21 18 8 1 2 3 1 8 82 . Fair .Play..>,U 2 3 1 41 08 1 05 25 115 5. 122 12 71 23 10 05 00 ] 05 18 40 I I 12 1 .30 7 80 2 5 08 124 SftUth union... 7 Q 32 2 31 22 31 12 48 6 30 2 13 14 20 1 24 ??44 .3 ll; 10 27 ft 20 12 So 2 Rn Toxaway.Y. .. 2 ... 21 18 5 10 fi 21 12 ll 12 23 10 2 8 2 1 23 2 ?ft u'i? o r'"' ? V ' - l }.J 12 0 14 1 7 I 17 2 15 14 2 H ll 10 1 10 4 7 17 Holly Sprhigs.. ../... .. 8 24 1 2 Oil 21 14, 20 3 80 17 17 23* lt) 7 7 13 18 13 2? Bl An ?lovoland ...... fe 1 1 4 5 14 22 4 20 $ 31 0 0 2 15 24 21 12 4 v j J 14 13 g 1 g 80 1 82 .iocassco. U ?? ., 5... 0 1 1812*11 26l 10 10 1 4 2 18: 7 20 15 0 0 OJl ll 1 Oil ol or. Death of Gen. Bonham. COI.UMMA, S. C., August 27.r Qonoral Millodgo Luko Bonham, Chairman of tho State Board of Railroad Commissioners, was found dead in his hod this morning at Hay wood White Sulphur Springs, N. C., whithor ho hrtf recently gone for his health. Death was supposed to have been caused by a sovoro hemorrhage. No members of tho family wore with him. Superintendent V. E, MoBeo has gone to superintend tho removal of tho romains to tbis city. The body will probably lie hore in state Until tho return of tho daughters of tho deceased, who sailed from Now York to-day. Tho flags at the Capitot|S have noon at half mast all day. General Bonham was born in Edgofiold district, South Carolina, Dcoomber 26th, 1813. He i c ool v ed his higher education at the South Carolina College and graduated thero with second honor in 1884. He waa Brigade Major-Adjutant-Genornl of tho South Carolina brigade, Briga dier-Qeneral Bull commanding, in the first campaign against the Semi? uol? Indians in Florida in 1886. Iii 1887 ho was admitted to tho prac tice of law, practicing at Edgofiold Court House when not in tho military sorvico of tho country. Ho was a member of tho House of Represen tatlvos of South Carolina from Docembor, 1840 to December, 1844, was Lieutenant Colonel and then Colonel of the twelfth United States infantry in the Mexican war, was elootod Solicitor of tho Southern circuit, December, 1848, and served in that oapaoity until December, 1857, when he took tho seat in the Federal Congress of the thon Fourth Congressional Distriot of South Carolina. Ho was re-olocted in 1868 and 1800 and retired the 20th of Docembor, the day South Carolina passed tho ordinanco of secession, having thus been elected to the th;riy~f}hh> thirty-sixth and thirty seventh Congresses! Ho wnB appointed Major Goneral of tho South Carolina "armed force" in March, 1801, and on tho 19th of April of that year was commissioned Brigadier-General in tho provisional '['* army of tho Confederate States. Ho commanded tho centro ot' Beaure gard's army at ?lanaBsas, July 21st, 1801, and at Mitchell's Ford on Bull Run. Ho resigned his commission, January 27th, 1802, and took a soat in tho Confederate Congress, Febru ary 18th, 1802, having been oleoteoV ~ from tho Fourth Congressional Dis triot tho .previous fall. He ?pas eleotcd Govornor of South Carolina, December, 1802. K term ending Docembor, 1804. Ho was rc-appointed Brigadier Goneral of the Confederate army, February 20th, % 805, and was assigned to a command in and surrendered with Johnston's army. Ho Was a mombor of tho South Carolina House of Representatives in 1805 and 1.800, From 1800 to 1878 ho plantod 'and practiced law at Edgofiold. In 1878 ho was made tho solo Railroad Com missioner of South Carolina and was at tho time of his doath Chair man of tho Board of Railroad. ?(fo$? missioners. Tribute of Respect* BOUNTY LAND AT.I.IANCM, No. 988* OOONKK COUNTY, S. C. Wboreas, It 'nus pleased our Heav enly Fnthor to removo from ou\ midst our esteemed Brother, M. V. McDonald, who was oallod from a field of labor to a place of rest, Au gust 8th, 1890; thorcforo, bo it .Resolved 1st That while we bow in humble submission to tho hand of tho Almighty, yet wo fool in his death wo havb lost ??, truo and noblo man and our Order a worthy mom' ber, whose interest in tho purpose of tho Alliance woe warm and aotive. Resolved 2d. That wo teodor our heart-felt sympathy to the beroaved family and pray tbat they may be so guided and directed by God's grace ns to form an unbroken family at t throne above. llesolved 8d. That a blank pago in our minute book be insoribed to h memory. Mesolved 4th. That a copy of this preamble and thoso resolutions seul to the '.bereaved family, O Plant and county papors for po tion, v i:; W. H. BAWHONJ TI ? A. H. ELMSON,' J- Comm Titos. Binn, ) . Ti Judioioua nilonco is bette truth spoken without charity.'! TEACHER'S COLUMN. tt^f All communications intended for thia column should be addressed to S. jP, Stribling, School Commis sioner, Walhalla, S. C. How to Govern a School. A rule is an order of what shall or shall not be done in a certain ear?p. It requires that a pupil comparo his conduct with the rule and modify it or not as the rule demands. The better practice is to have no rule, but to get the pupil's assent to tho proposition that every one ought to do right. The question of what is right is a matter to be decided when it arises. It is pretty safo to ailinn that nothing better bc enforced in the school which does not commend itself to thc pupil's sense of right i.'hcn fully presented. Soino things are prohibited in school, not bcoauso they are wrong in themselves, but because they would work harm to tho school. It is not diflioult to make thc child sec that the standard of what is right in thc school is fixed by what would bo permissible for all to do in the given caso. That wb.Vsi\" cannot bo permitted. Jp. every one in a Uko ense c.vfinot bo permitted to any.. "So act that tho rule of your action might be adopted by ovory other one ns his rule of conduct." This is thc principio that ought al ways to be kept boforo tho mind of the pupil. Try it with whispering, for example. Ifivory pupil socs that what is permitted in his enso must be permitted in every CP.HC. There will bo but few canes in which he will bo able to say that his act of whispering could be. followed by all without injury to tho school. It is a much better education for the child that ho be encouraged to de termine whether his act is right or wrong when compared with this principio of conduct that is of gene ral application to society every whei.-, than to require him to follow a de finite rule. It may not be so ensy, and may tnko more time nod there mny be more nets of disorder result ing from wrong judgment or wrong disposition, but it is bettor- ed?ontion. There is anothor motive agninst whispering. Not only the pupil's duty to tho whole school demands that it shall bo avoided when it is not right, but he may be led lo sec that his own education is enhanced by resisting all temptation to whis per, lt is a test of his power over his impulses. If this matter is pro perly presented to children, and the toncher curries the right atmosphere with him always, a great interest cnn bo awakened lin tho' pupil in the de velopment of his powers of self-con trol. If ho sees every indulgence to bo a confession of weakness, ho will bo continually bracing up to resist tho temptation. All this demands that there be a serious, earnest ef fort on the part of the tendier, 'to make tho government of the school a menus to the moral education of thc child. The toucher who does not soo. that school government is a more important agency in tho educa tion of tho child than are thc brunches of study, needs to revise his concep tion nf tho i m ri wises nf t ho school .it Hut 8tc2>pose the child knows what is right, hut will not do it? What then? Alwnys bear in n.ind that if tho child's conviction of what is right is in accord with your own, the battlo is more than hnlf won in his ense. Tho motivo of right often needs to bere-inforced by allurements of different kinds. Tho . right must bo made attractive. Tins is "what in .tnltn/) ,.,>...>..nu?rv.? Tiwi lonrif i m fifo V,....~V. .,- . rowards of right doing can bo made to strengthen thc motive of right. Hence tho teacher 'can make right doing attractive by certain privileges that result from it or can bo properly attached to it. Theke are perfectly legitimate influences for a teacher to use. Ile must bo careful to avoid rewards that aro external or foreign to the obedionoo sought. When these influences fail, the teacher may mako tho motivo of . right relatively I attractive and BO reinforce it. That is, ho may make the opposite road immediately painful. Ho may in crease the pain of this wrong road until tho pupil chooses tho right in preference. This is thc defense of pain as an clement of school govern ment. S. I*. STIUUI.INO. The Four Hundred Conference. < Chancellor Johnson, of -Jfarion, called the Straighten^''Conference to order in Col.vnfbia on Tuesday last. Newbery, Oconeo and Pick ens wevo not represented. .ChancellorJohnson, Chairman of tho previous conference, presided. In balling tho body together ho stated that the conference had re assembled in accordance with the resolution provided therefor, in case tho August convention refused a primary, adopted at thc previous conference. That convention had so refused ai I ,) tho call for a second conference aaa been issued. Ho said they met with no prospect of electing tho officers, who had always honored their positions, had honored their Stato, her traditions and institutions. Tho probability seemed moro in favor of thc elec tion of those who had maligned and abused our Stnte. Yet ho was delighted the conference had again como together to seo what could bo done to avert this catastrophe. Ho trustod all their deliberations would bo characterized with wisdom and prudence, and that they would do nothing they would hereafter have cause to regret, nothing to bring dis honor to the ?Stute, nothing that would prevent their rescuing tho State from the hunds of those they did not believe were fit to bo trusted with her control. After the reading by tho Secre tary of the resolution under which the conference assembled,' a long discussion ensued over tho question of making up a roll and ns lo whe ther thc meeting should bc publie or hold with (dosed doora. Mr. Bnriwcl), of Charleston, in a fiery speech advocated a secret ses sion, ile said it was thc first time in a political procedure that he had ever hoard that a party should let its enemies know just what they were doing. He moved that tho doors be closed and the galleries cleared, mid the motion was greeted with great applause. Gen. Kennedy, Chairman of tho advisory committee, rose, and re ferring to tho ?illusion to tho ox pectcd report from that committee as properly lo bo read pilly in secret session, said Ibero was nothing in it that the world might not know. The people, ho said, bad a rig'd. to know what the committee bad done. He was opposed to secret cession. Mr. Danbdcr ngrcod with Gon, Kennedy. Mr. Douglass, of Winnsboro, in a strong speech, favored secret session. The enemy they wore fighting, he 'Sftid, always favored closed doors in thoir, eon f oren cos. Col. Davie, of Cheater, of tho ; advisory committee, favored an open meeting. A motion to table afr. Uarnwoll's motion wa? lost and then soruowhat I of a preliminary tangi? ensued by Us?proposition by Mr. Murphy, .of Colloton, that the roll of? delegates be first made up bofore deciding tho question of seorot session. Thia plan was adopted and then tho dis cussion of the question of closing the doors was renewed. Mr. Barnwell, in remarks on the question, alluded to the convention in '70, which nominated' Hampton, saying it was held with closed doors from tho time it met until it con cluded. [Ci?vei&J.^ ^ Perliaps it was now tl?owght that that ams a poor body. lld knew -il scened as if it had been forgo tte ti l.ilid overthrown. Cen. McCrady opposed sec-rot ses sion. Mr. langsdale, ol' Winnsboro, moved the previous quostion and Mr. Barnwoll's motion to havo the doors closed was adopted. Division was called for, but tho opponents to tho motion gave in before the count of their sido was completed. Capt. J. D. Browne was chosen sergeant-at-arms. Thc galleries were cleared and the body wont inte secret session at 10 o'clock. COI.UMIUA, August 20.-At '2.IC this morning thc conference adjourn ed after a four hours' secret session By tho decision of tho body tin only result given lo tho press foi publication was thc adoption of i lengthy prcamblo and resolutions of fercd by Gen. Kennedy, chairman o the advisory committee. After reciting thc circumstance) of tho August convention tho prc amble concludes as follows : And whereas,-It is the d?lib?r?t? judgment of this conference tba thc action of said convention in thesi respects was not only unwise and un necessary, but illegal, null and void and wo therefore recognize the con stitution under wliich said conven lion assembled as being still of bind ing force and authority, and th thou existing executive committee ns being still thc rightful head of Uv party; and Whereas, In the anomalous socin and political conditions now obtain ing in ?South Carolina which rende the continued supremacy of Un white race in the control and admin istration of tho government, a con sidoratbr.i of paramount importance to which the interests of individual ami factions should bo unhesitating!, subordinated, we regard tho reston lion of political harmony ns a big necessity and cherish tho hope thu this may bc consummated throng tho exorcise of mutual forbearance in spired hy tho broadest patriotism and, Whereas, While condemnii.g th leadors of said majority and rcprc bating their methods, we entertai only feelings of kindnoss toward our follow-Democrats who aro suj porting thom; and, Whereas, The contest made dui ing the present campaign lins bee conducted willi a view to the fint decision in and by tho Septembc convention; therefore, ho it Resolved, That this conference < Democrats hereby put its solemn an emphatic protest Against the illegi and usurpatory action of the nu jority of said convention ns instigai cd by its lenders, and condemn th unpatriotic, intemperate and violen methods of snid lenders. Resolved, That the course of th minority of delegates, who withdraw from H.i?ij ooHYO?t?o?, ii! refusing to to concur in or submit to its illegal proceedings, is ho roby approved. From all quarters we haye tho, as surance that after tho September Convention there will be harmony in tho party, and tho nominees of that convention will bo supported by the Democracy of tho State. ' * ; ? Senator Huller on tho Situation. Senator lintier arrived in Colum bia on tho 20th of August whilst the Conference was in session. A cor respondent of the Charleston World interviewed him as follows: Senator Huller said : "If tho Farmers' Movcmont men n-rW.tva majority in thc Soptomber con\nmfaft?-??e. minority should ac quiesce in the result?* - . -. "It is rumorod, General," said tho reporter, that under cortain circum stances, tho non-seating of somo Anti-Tillman delegations, for in stance, thora will appear to be justi fication for not. recognising tho no tion of tho Soptomber convention," . "It is not prudent or wiso or pro per," replied ho, "to havo a split or a bolt, whether t/ic action of the con vention be regular or irregular. There is nothing to do but to ae guiesce. It is cither that or Repub licanism." "Is much interest takon in tho political'situation hero by Domocrats in Washington ?" "Thora is, decidedly." "What do our representatives in Congress have to say about it?" ?hjvery D?moo?'at.?.o Souptoiv" nnid tho General, "with whom I have conversed, concurs with mo in tho viows I have expressed to you. I havo talked with all of them. Thora is no difference of opinion among them. Thoy believe that a bolt or a split would be fatal and ought not to bo thought of." ' Senator Huller said that he had boen asked forbin views by tho Anti Tillman advisory committee, and that he had given it ns his opinion that tho ticket nominated by tho September convention should be sup ported by tho ontire Democratic party of the State. He furthor stated that ho had con versed with Gen. Johnson' Hagood, of Barnwell, and had found him of the same opinion. Thc General expressed the earnest wish that conservativo viows would be adopted by thc conference and tho people generally. It wns his im pression that conservatism would pre vnil. Senator Butler loft the city on the evening train to spend ti week on his farm in Edgotield. ~- ? ? - It is a noteworthy faot that tho cession of Heligoland is ronlly thc capshoaf in tho unification of Ger many, regarding Heligoland, from its geographical standpoint, ns Gorman soil. It was l'rinco Bismarck's am bition to add tl)is little atom of ter ritory to tho Empire which ho crea ted. Its possession by England, al though not originally seized from Germany? was a rankling thorn in tho side of the German nation, Uko Gibraltar to Spain, Malta to Italy, Aden to Arabin, and such fts Calais ? was for centuries to Franco. Tho floating of tho Britiah flag over tho long outpost in tho North Soa has boon a porpotual reminder to tho world of Prussia'*- great humiliation, and its surrender is tho orown of Prussia's triumph.