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tO THINE OWN SELF BE TRUE, AND IT MUST FOLLOW AS THE ^^Kl?im^^ ?. fri fifi ['?I 'ri) [1 ?P (f) ?Si^?^^^^^?i^rfci liri IUI US lil I*1 iii * NIGHT THE DAY, THOU CANS'T NOT THEN BE FALSE TO ANY MAN? BY KEITH, SMITH & CO. WALHALLA, SOUTH CAROLINA, THURSDAY, AUGUST 18, 1881. VOLUME XXXII. NO. 40. 1 A TRUE TONIC A PERFECT STRENGTHENER .A SURE REVIVER. IRON I?ITTKKS aro highly recommended for nil diseases re quiring a certain and efficient tonic ; especially Indigestion, Dyspepsia, Inter mittent. Fevers, Want of Appetite. Loss of Strength, Lack of Energy, etc. Enriches thc blood, strengthens thc muscles, and gives new life to tho nerves. They net like a charm on thc digestive organs, removing all dyspeptic symptoms, such as Tostin'i thc Food, Belching, Heat in the Stomach, Heartburn, etc. Tho only Tron Preparation that will not blacken tho teeth or give headache Sold by all druggists. Write for thc ABC Book, 32 pp. of useful and amusing reading-sent free. BltOWN OHlSMidAIi CO., Baltimore Md. o iii ?KM-ya COLUMBUS, GEORGIA. PREPARED BT A PROCESS USED IJY NO OTHER MILL. 16 Balls to Pound, I lb. Packages. 20 Balls to Pound, 2 lb. Paper Boxes. _Packed In Cases of 20, 30, 50, 100 or 500 Pounds each. WTniform M'ricc. Invariable Discounts. i^Sold. toy ?Xl 3"olbT3 ?3??.-^ ASK FOR "EAGLE & PHENIX." USE NO OTHES MENDELSSOHN PIANO CO. Will make, for tho next (SO days only a Qrand Qiler of PIANOS 8850 Squaro Grand Piano for only $'<M5. OrB'~\7 f "|7 ^ "1 ?O Magnificent tosowood ease elegantly finished, 3 strings. I JL J.J ' j O I >w' 7? Octaves foll and lyre, heavy serpentino and large fancy moulding round case, full Iron frame, Kreuel' Grand Action, (?rand Hummers, in fact every improvement which can in any woy tomi to the porfcolion of thc instrument hat) been added. ??y Our price for this instrument boxed and delivered on bonvd cars nt Clfe^ /fl .ciL f\{\ New York, with fine Piano Coyer, Stool und Book, only TT.^r This piano will bo sent on test trial Please semi reference if you do not send money with order, ('ash sent with order will ho refunded and freight charges paid hy us bolt) ways if Piano is not jost ns roprcKonled in thiu Advertisement. Thousands in usc. Send tor Catalogue. Every instrument fully warranted for five years. T^T A "Mi^Q $100 to $400 (with stool oovor and book.) All strictly first class I JL JL\. 1. i V/rind:sold at wholesale factory prices. These Pianos made ono of thc finest displays at the Centennial Exhibition mol viere unanimously recommended for thc Highest Honors. Tho Squares contain our New Patent Sea lo, tho greatest improve ment in thc history of piano making. Thc new patent seale uprights aro tho finest in America. Positively we make, the finest Upright Pianos, of the richest tono and greatest durability. They are recommended by the highest musical authorities in tho country. Over l-l,0U0 in u*o, and not uno dUssatisfied purchaser. All Pianos und organs sent on 16 days lc*t trial- freight freo if unsatisfactory Don't fail to write us before buying Positively we. Her the best bargains. Piano catalogue mailed free. Handsome Illustrated and Descriptive Piano Catalogue of oO pages mailed for Oe. stamp Every Piano fully warranted for five years. Our New Stylo Jubileo Organ in (J Japanese Case, called tho ''Ooricn tal," Stylo 90, is tho handsomest, bustiest anti sweetest toned Parlor Organ over offered tho musical public. It contains Fivo Octaves, Fivo sots of Reeds, viz : Melod?a, Celeste, Diapason, Sub Bass and Celestina. Also Fifteen Beautiful Stops, as follows, vi/,.-. Melod?a, Celeste, (a charming stop.) Diapason, Sub-Bass, Echo, Dulcot, Melodiu-Forto, Expression, Trebter Coupler, Bu*s-Cuuplcr, Qrand Organ, (which throws on tho entilo power of the instrument,) Kigght Knee Stop and Swell. Left linea Stop and (Irnnd swell. Height. 70 inches; Length, 47 inches: Width, 21 indios Weight, boxed, .860 pounds. The ease is of solid walnut, veneered with dioico woods, and is of an en tirely new and beautiful design, elaborately carved, with panels, music closet, lamp stands, fretwork. &e., all elegantly finished, Possesses all tho latest and best improvo taents, with great powor. doptl), brilliancy and sympathetic quality of tone. Beautiful solo effects and porfoct stop notion. Ilogulur rotuli prloo $275. Our wholesale not cash price to have it introduced, willi stool mid hook, only $87-as ono organ sold sells ot hors. Positively no deviation in prioo. No payment required until you have fully tested tho organ in your own homo. Wo send all crans on lilteen days tost trial and pay freight both ways if instrument is not ns reptosonted. Positively, our Organs contains no "Bogus" sets of Heeds, or '. Dummy" stops, as do malty others. Wo moko no misrepre sentations mid guarantee honest and fair dealing, or no salo. Polly warranted for 5 year?. Other styles $35. $f>0, $57. $05, $70. $75, $85. cte. Ovor 3*1,000 sold, and every Organ has given tho fullest satisfaction. Organ Calaloguo mailed free Factory and warorooma, 57th St. mid 10th Avenue. ?f.l fl.? l^W TVS fimiP fttono tl,ird prico- c"tnlo?;uo "f 3.000 choice pieces VC? Aa iL J BJ JL J.V Ja *J K_? Jl v> pent for 8c. stamp. This catalogue includes most of tho popular music of tho day and ovory vorioty of musical composition, by tho best mw thors. Address, MKNJttEliSSOIBN PIANO ?Jo, I?. O. Mox 3088, New Xovh July 7, 1881. Tho Washington pupers say that tho signal sorvico authorities in Washington arc perfecting a sys tem ol' signals hy which it is pro posed to acquaint tho fanners with expected changes in tho weather. Colored rockets arc to he sent np at il o'clock in thc morning from stations in tho farming regions, and tho prohabilitics for tho com ing days aro to he indicated by the color of tho rockots and their ar rangements. Tho Now York World says its spooial train, currying tho paper to Saratoga last Sunday morning, ran tho last ten milos nt thc rule of seventy miles an hour, and tho uhtaucc nt over a milo a m:nutc. Rutherford nod Cleveland counties, N. 0., uiive heavy majorities for Mibsotiptions to thu Midland Railroad nt tho roccnt oleo4 (ion. Spotted Tail, tho famous Indian chief, waa murdered in Nebraska last Week by Crow Dog, an Indian policeman. Dirt lins been broken for tho buildings of tho Bellcmont Fuotory. Nothing seems in tho woy of pushing tho work to a speedy completion. Work on tho Savannah Valley Railroad hos boen stepped, mid tho engineer, it is stutcd, lins been discharged, Otting to a dillioiilty between thc director1} sud con tractors. A respectable white gt?) of Hartford", Conn., fifteen years old, clt/ped on Friday With a uiuluttOj end hay disappeared COTTON MILLS IN THE SOUTH. TUB REASONS WHY THEY CANNOT FAIL TO PAY. [ Address of President II P Hammett, of thc Piedmont Factory ] Mi'. President and Gentlemen of iii cs State Agricultural and Mechanical Society and of tho State Grunge; Tho subject which has been assigned to inc for somo remarks and suggestions on this t ceusion is one that hus lucently bceu attracting con siderable attention throughout tho South ern Staten, and is ono which, if practicable und profitable, as many suppose it to bc, is of vital importance to the people nud to thc country. THE UKSOUUOES Ol' THE SOUTH. Thc uiost important matter to bc deter mined by all communities is to ascertain ; correctly und intelligently what their uatu rul resources and advantages tire, und thc most pructioul way of developing theo?. Ordinarily and properly, tho fertility of thu soil, combined with tho climate, uud their adaptability to the production of such crops j as ure necessary fur human existence, is thc \ primary inquiry. Fisrt thutthc population muy be sustuincd, and second, that thc sur plus of capital und labor which they may possess maybe used ia producing a surplus of such products as can bc sold clscwhero to thc greatest odvantugc, by which their capital may be increased and their goucrul condition improved. As capital accumu lates investments uro mude. Tho nutural inclination of agricultura) communities is to Increase their individual tanned CStutCS und afterwards invest in such properties us is likely to enhance its value, and nt ti e same time make u tiood return upon tho capital invested. When sufficient progress IIUH been mude, other developments ore looked lo, railroads ure built, mining and manufacturing interests uro developed, mid commerce becomes an clemeut in thc com munity. This great and important section of our common country designated "tho South," is perhaps unsurpassed by any other burt of thc civilized world for thc richness of its soil, tho mildness and healthfulness of ita climate and thc variety of its products, and no less so for t he abundance and variety of its minerals and facilities for manufac turing und converting its great staples into goods to be scut and sold throughout the universe. These afford opportunity for high development,?in wealth, education, refine ment uud all thc clements that contribute to tuulic a people groat, propctous uud happy. Amongst thc many great staples grown in thc South, which is or should be a sur plus crop, is that of cotton, [ts adaptabil ity to the soil and climate, and the cheap ness with which it can bo produced, gives to this country almost a monopoly in its production. Tho whole world is mainly d?pendent upon it for a supply, mid the cheapness with which it can be produced will, in till probability, forever prohibit utiy sharp competition in tin; growth of it. With all these natural td va nt ages of soi! climate, variety of products, minerals and facilities for manufacturing, there should be a diversity of pursuits in all parts of thc courtly, so as the better to utilize and de velop thc natural resources which nature hus provided. No country ever became rich, powerful, intelligent, universally pros perous where tho population was engaged in only ono pursuit As facilities have boon provided by Providence 60 pursuits should bo diversified. One part of thc population, porhaps, from natural inclina tion s? ott?cl lill tito soil un] in doing so, nil the products nutural to it should be growiij other parts of thc population should pursue other and varied pursuits, such as intelligently present themselves mid thc cou ut ry ufiords opportunity for pursuing COTTO N MANU V ACTUM NO. Amongst tho many nnd voricd pursuits specially suited to thc South is tho manu turo of cotton into yarns, fabrics and other useful goods, not only fur home consump tion, but for sale elsewhere in tho United Stntes where facilities for manufacturing aro not so favorable, and also for export to all parts of tho world wherever there may bc a demnnd for them, thereby adding thc valuo of thc skilled labor used in ma nu fae* turing them to that of the ruw material, nnd materially increasing its value, so that when thc goods uro ?old and the money re lumed for them it will includo both thc value of thu raw material and thc labor, together with whatever profit tho manufac turer may ninko upon his investment, thereby adding materially to tho wealth of tho country, lurgcly attributable to labor which is tho basis of till wealth. Thc tnostjwcallhy, prosperous and power ful people on earth uro Mhoso who have practically pursued this course, umongst which nitty bo mentioned Great liriiiun, nnd nearer to us New langland. This ap plies not only to colton goods, but to every variety of goods tnuiiufaottirod where skilled labor forms on important clement in their value. Tho inunufuoturo of cotton into yunis and fabrics, now ono of thc groatcst industrien of thc civilized world, is of recent origin, athotigh by its rapid progress it now involves many millions of money in its opcrutions, and furnishes em ployment to millions of people and provides clothing and fabrics for almost nil purposes of domestic uso for tho (urgent part of thc population of all civilized ooUnttics Thc first spinning machino attempted to bo run in America was a spinning jenny of 24 threads, which was put in operation in Philadelphia in 1775. . This scorns not to bnvo been extended into any largo propor tions, as little is said uf thc extent of tho tfbcftivioDH or- tluj sale of thc gfO?d?. Tho Givt cotton maohincry built und operated successfully in America was by Samuel Slater, in Pawtucket, ll. 1., whicli was started on tho 20th of December, 1775. The sumo building in which it was started Stillstands, although it hus since been re modeled and enlarged, nnd from and around this and ?round Rhode Isluud tts the cradle of this industry has grown this great iuler est in this country. In an olllciul report in odo bo tho sccrc taty of the treusury in 1810, it is stutcd that there were then 87 mills, containing 80,000 spindles, employiiiL' '1,000 hands, with o capitul of 81,800,000, consuming 3.000,000 pounds of colton, worth 8720, 000. These were located in the scvorul States, one of which was in South Caroline, and was driven by horse power. According to thc census of 1800, just previous lo thc luto civil war, thc number of mills then wus 1,091 with n capital of ?98,585.209, running 5,235,727 spindles und 120,313 looms, employing 122.028 persons nnd producing goods valued nt 8115,081.711. Of these 159 mills, run ning 290,359 spindles and 0,713 looms, were in tho Seuthcrn Stales, which is 5? per cent, of tho whole. Ry tho census of 1880 ibero wetc theo 10,921,147 spindles, 230,223 looms, con?, suming 1,580,481 bile? of cotton, nnu employing 181,028 persons, of which',008, 280 spindles, consuming 180,2*23 bales ol colton and employing 18,223 persons worn in the Suuthern Stiles, which H 5 0-10 per cent, of the wholo amount. Thus it will be seen that as tho Southern people commenced lo grow cotton tho Northern people commenced to spin und weave it and .send it bick to us in manufactured goods, by which operation they have made immense sutiri ol money. TlIK l'IHST COTTON CAC POKY IN SOUTH OAUOIilNA. The first colton factory built in South Carolina washy a Mr. Murint, in Sumter county, which was driven by horse power, and was not a success. Thc lalo Rev Thos Hutchings purchased tho machinery from Murant und moved it to a place now known us Pelham, in Greenville county, where it was burnt in 1825 The next one was by thc Weavers, on Tygcr Uiver, in Sparlan burg county, now known aa thc "burnt fac tory;" tho next by the Hills, four miles above that of the Weavers on the same stream; thc next probadly by John Weaver, in Greenville county. Tho factory uear Columbia, and that ut Vaucluse, then in fvlgcficld county, were built about the sumo time, and soon ufterwiudj Bivingsvillo, near G'ot.dale, in Spartunburg county, und Uatcsville and Mollee's in GrconviMe county. Prior to tho lite civil war lillie effort was made lo incienso this industry nt (he South. S!io was then exclusively an agri cultural section, with institutions peculiar to herself which probably were not favora ble for its development. Tho sentiments of tho people for tho most pail did not favor it. Capitalists wore not inclined to invest in it, nnd the politicians opposed it. Tho few milla that were built by the energy and determination of a few bold spirits struggled manfully for au existence many were forced to succumb to the pro vailing circumstances by which they weie surrounded; others moro plucky, by tho utmost exertion, economy und prudeuoe, barely sustained themselves. A new condition of things and a changed sentiment amongst thc people prevail al present; with the changed relations of BO eiety and institutions a sentiment favorable to a diversity of pursuits has developed. Almost every one is willing and anxious to work at anything that is remunerative and honorable; every individual must stand or fall in the estimation of the people on his own individual merits and consequently a disposition is manifested to develop the many resources heretofore lying dormant or hidden. Capital when nceddd is furnished und meu of energy, onterpriso und ability develop. Railroads uro extending their lines, cities nnd towns are being built, man ufactures of every kind aro being con structed; and tho general sentiment of the peoplo is to utilize all the facilities within their reach which Providence has bc&towed upon them so bountifully. Under such circumstances it is natural thal thc public mind should bc directed to tho manufacturo of their great staple. THE SOUTH ADVANCES 10 PER CK NT. Thc natural advantages for manufactur ing many of the heavier varieties of cotton goods ut the Souih ore admitted by all in telligent and practical manufactur?is at thc North who huvo investigated tho subjeot impartially, and become sufficiently familiar with it in all its relations to form an intelli gent mid roliablo opinion. None of them ihnt I um aware of estimates the advantages nt less then 15 to 20 percent , ns oomparcd frith Northern mills in making tho same jluss of goods. , To manufactur? successfully anywhere lovci'ul essentials must exist to u greater or 'ess degree by nature, mid must combino ind bc dovolopcd by skill and intelligence to juoceed; amorgst which ns tho most promi aont may ho mentioned a salubrious climate luitcd lo the purpose, reliable and cheap power; n population from which may be Irnwti a sufficient number of efficient oper itivos, cheap labor, accessibility to the raw natcrial, prompt and ohcup transportation, i demand for tho goods that will take them IB they uro mado, and skillful and intelligent Management. ll) all of these thc Sotltll would nut suffer in comparison with any ithcr acotion or part of tho country where mt to n is manufactured. Prom th; experience of practical nod lu'oocssful manufacturers hero, who hov< tad experience in other sections and' oli: mates, both in tV.is country und in Europe, thc climate hero is peculiarly suited for tho purpose Experience hus clearly domon struted that more, better and cheaper good* can bc produced in cotton mills if tho sev eral operations of manufacturing aro cur ried on in an atmosphere having un uniform humidity of about 05 or 70 per cont. Thc atmosphere hero being soft und balmy, tho cotton works easily and smoothly and with, out thc difficulty experienced in many other localities from electricity, where it liss to bc corrected by steam and other artificial moans, lu many instances expensive con trivaoccs have to bo kept constantly iu usc for that purpose As ti eonsoquotioo of ol?moto, thc goods produced at thc South liuvo a peculiarly soft md .smooth appear once, which in uiany localities have to bc brought out by some finishing process after they arc made Tho general healthfulness of tho climate in most localities und especially in what is known os tho "Piedmont Belt" is favorable for the steadiness, efficiency und powers of endurance of tho operatives. Tho mildness of thc winters is such that little artificial heit is necessary to make tho mills com fortable, whilst thc heat in summer is not sufficiently oppressive to render thom less efficient. Thc water power is abundant mid relia ble nt oil seasons of thc year, cheap oud easily controlled; thc absence of tiny con siderable accumulation of icc in winter dis penses with many expensive contrivances necessary in colder countries to provide against it. Tho natural granito formations at all water fills furnish permanent foundations without tho expense of making them in many other localities, by piling nod con ere ting, whilst thc stone is sufficient, fur building purt.oscs, and brick clay and tim ber aro cf easy access. Many waterfalls wbioh mc by nature very superior, and with large power, have never been utilized for any purpose and could now bo purchased at very reasonable prices. MORAI, AN J) INTELLIGENT OPERATIVES. There is in tho whole South a popula tion of natives, peculiarly puked by nature, character, morals und intelligence, to make ns efficient, industrious and skillful opera tives us aro to bc found anywhere. Many of them gladly embroco the opportunity of going into thc mills und making thut their business and home (ur lifo. A better class of people seek thc mills than formerly, and they ure capable of being cducited to ns high an order of skill as any operatives in America. Native Northern people arc rarely found in their cotton mills; they aro for the ir.osi part Canadian Kreuch and Irish, with ti few Knglisli, French und Get mans amongst them, with whom our material for operatives compare mont, favorably. Living being cheap no?e$sarily maltes labor cheap, and whilst our operatives live plentifully and comfortably, thc tragos paid them are less than is ?absolutely necessary tor the subsistence of those in colder eli males, where rents of such bouses as will protect them against the eo'.d in.winter ure necessarily high und fuel und clothing ex pensive. Thc water powers arc located tn thc midst of thc cotton fields, from which a large part ol tho cotton co usu med may be purchased direct from tho producer and delivered at tho mills; often weighed in the open ino; rooms, or stored in the ware houses for future usc, or it may ho pur chased at markets nt short distances from thc milla, where transpartion is inconsider able A very material advantage is that it comes direct from thc gi mt, is cleon, hus not been compressed tor shipment, which is often done to thc consistency of a stick of white oak timber und as a consequence works herc infinitely better mid custer, makes much less waste ?ind better goods, and with less preparatory machinery, ns all mill owners ure uwnro nod appreciate as ono of tho important advantages of lo cution. Prompt oud cheap transportation is in? disponsiblo to thc successful operation of n mill, where tho consumption und production tire necessarily largo, not only for bringing the raw material uud supplier to thc mills, but ulso for carrying thc goods to market. Thc goods should bo sent in every direction where they can bc sold direct to advantage nnd the surplus to some largo commercial centres, where they may bo sold in large bulk to jobbers for distribution or for ex port abroad. To meet this necessity, railroads now traverso almost nil sections of tho South, new ones ure being projected und built, und those in existence uro extend illg their lines to meet tho increased de mand for transportation, nnd the indications aro that thoso facilities will keep paco with tho wauls of thc country. 'j lir. DEMAND PUR, SOUTHERN CtOODS. Thc demand for thc styles of goods made ut thc South is ut present sullicient to take all that ure made und thc demand is con stantly increasing and likely to increase. 1 doubt if thoro is a first ohi'ts mill tit tho South to-day that has any accumulation of goods, or that could not havo sold twice their product for tho lust sis mouths That is not always tho cuse Manufacturers like other business have their dull seasons abd those that uro moro active, hut there hus boca no time ieee tit ly to my knowledge when goods havo had to bo forced on the market ut concessions to realize, except it may hive been by sumo corporation thal wns compelled from tho wunt of ?apitui or credit to sell their gooda. Besides thc div mund for distribution in tho United States, o demand for Southern made goods for exhort id constantly inorcusing, principally for China, Aft ios, tho Eist Indies mid South America, nnd is today sufficient lo tcdu:u t>ny largo quantity thut moy scott ululato, lt ls M? i J that thrco fourths of tho human family arc now clothed io fubrics made by hand, uod that they readily toko guoh goods as are made ty tniohinory aaa that aro suited to their respectivo climates, and pay for them io such commodities os I they have, ou noeoutit of tho superior ! quality and nppeirunco of tho goods and i tho ohoapnegs ol' their coat. To give sotno j idea of tho export deuiand and tho rapidity with which it ii increasing for American goods, I will Btato that for tho first, six months of 1870, from January 1st to Juno 30th, tho shipments from tho ports of New York and Boston were 11,480 pnokngctii whilst for tho corresponding months of 1881 il was 77,184: packages. Of courso theso were not all of Southern manufacture, but a largo proportion of them were. Added to theso tho 40,000 to 00,000 emigrants arriving weekly iu tho United Statco oro all to be dollied und largely so ia heavy goods nude al tho South. Thc management of ii cotton mill is not unlike any other largo business, it must bo skilfully maiiiigcd to make it u bucccss. The manager should bo a pcrsou who has a general know'edge of tho business, ono who possesses a high order of executivo ability and one who is a good merchant nod finan cier. Tho prospectivo profita of a mill, However economically aud rkilfully tho goods may ho made, may be reudily frit tered away by Hie ignorance, incapacity and general want of ability ol' tho gonerul manager. Southern mills that h ive been favorably* located, well built aod skilfully manager! will compare favorably with those in any other section iii this respect, and on inves tigation of tho sui jed will dcuionstroto that a mojoiity of the most successful mills have been managed by Southern mon. lt is said tho South should plant and preparo thc cottou for market, ohd incrcaso its value by I ?ii proved cleaning and ginning upp)iunoc8, (which in themselves aro proper and commendable,) und then send it to tho North to bo manufactured there, to bo re turned to us in goods; that tho South is not adapted by nature for tho manufacture of it, and consequently cannot succeed. I do not impute any improper or selfish motives to the parties who have thus expressed their opinion nod given their advice, but I am sure they could not have examined tho subject o ire ful ly i or becomo familiar per-, somilly with thc Southern country, or con sidered in advantages und facilities for manufacturing beforo forming such an opinion; but, bc that as it may, lam of.tho. opinion that good earned dividends by Southern mills aro much moro convincing, arguments to stockholders than fioo spun theories upon tho subject by persons who are not identified with them, and who oro not familiar with their facilities, and 1 thiuk they will so consider it. TUR HEAVIER FABRICS WILL ALT. ny, MADE IN THE SOUTH. For tho present, at ?cast, the Sooth should confine itself exclusively to tho man faeturo ot tho heavier fubrics oud yarns, in which the raw material forms a largo element ia their value, nnd in which no very high order of skill is necessary io tho operation, such as standard and threo and four yard sheetings, shirtings uud drills, plaids and stripes, oottonades, coarse yarns, from S's to 20'$j hosiery yarns, various kinds of twine, carpet warps, cordugo, cot? ton rope, dyeing oud finishing mauy kinds of heavy goods in general u?e at the South and other ki nd'ed goods. As experience is had, if it is found practical and profitable lo luke a step forward towards tho fiuer grades of good? it will bc easy enough to make tho advance. That is the way Eng-, land and New langland started, and it ?3 the way we must start. The peculiar ad? vantage at tho South is in tho saving in the cost of cotton an I in cheap labor, there fore tho greater thc weight of cotton used in thu goods that will pay n good profit, tho greater tho profit, on the inveatmont. Cot ton costs a New England manufacturer all of ono cent per pound i:i trarifiportaiion and expenses more than it costs a Southern manufacturer, consequently tho heavier fabrics can be mudo cheaper nt tho South than it is possible to muko them at tho North, and will eventually all bo made at thoSouth. Northern manufacturers know this and freely admit it, and neting upon their proverbial good business capacity and, sense have within thc last fivo years with? drown immense amounts of their machi. ncry from heavy brown goods and fubrics, and many nf them from print cloths, and put them upon fancy dress goods and fancy und light goods of v.uious kinds in which tho larger clement in their value is in high skill, and in which there is les?sharp corn? petition, by doing which they havo radi cally changed thc oharactor of their pro duction, and unfitted these mills from ever making tho samu styles of goods again. Tho Northern and Middle States will al? ways remain a manufacturing oountry, and, in less than half a century aro likoly to tukc thc lead in the world. English man? facturcr8 seo and fear this, but thero is plenty of room for all, with profit for nil, nnd thero i.s no reason why tho United States cannot raise ten million bules of cot-, ton, and work up fivo or Rix, furnishing the world with cotton and also a largo pro portion of tho cottou goods. There aro tim ny manufacturers at tho North now, with sm ?il I mills, with machinery suited for making heavy goods who Could with great advantage to themselves move with their machinery to some good location in the. South and moko such goods R'S' ,thoy ord prepared lo make cheaper und with larger profit to themselves, und investigation .would convince thom of this fact, ond a personal, examination would induce thom to toko that step.