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BY ?TO THINE OWN SELF BK TUUE, AND IT MUST FOLLOW, AS THE IIOB'T. A. THOMPSON & CO. iummMmnmt?i?fm*?m)?mm i m j '-_ ^ M I I - - rn Milli II I I I I i i n II irn?ri?. m.mi mniii PICKENS COURT HOUSE, S. C. SATURDAY, JULY 27, 1801. NIGHT THE DAY, THOU NO. 5& 3P O E! 'X' JrZ^T. The Indian Summer. WUen thc summer breezes have died away, Ami thc autumn winds are drear, And tho for oat s havo changed their green array for the buen nf the dying year, There conics a season, briol und bright. When tile z?phyrs breathe with a gentle swell, And (he sunshine plays with n softer light, bike thc summer's asl far? well. The brilliant dyes of the autumn woods Have gladdened thu lo re > I bowers, And decke l their pathless solitudes. Like a blooming Waste ol Howers ; lu the hid len depths no soon 1 is heard, Save a low and murmuring wail. As the rustling leaves are gently stirred Hy the breath of the dying gale. The li VA J* clon li in the niello w light (.'lotit with the breezes tty, V? ii ere the far-oif mountain s misty height Se.iats mingling willi the sky; And the d.indng streams rejoice again, in thc glow of ih-? golden sun : And i he (licks are glad in lite grassy phd ll, Where the spar ling waters ruo. 'Tis season of deep an I quid thought, And ii brings a c.ilni lo the l-roasl ; And the,broken heart and the mind o'erwrotigltt Miy Hud in its stillness rest ; For the gentle voice of I lie dying year, From forest und sunny plain; ls sweet as it falls on Hie mourner's car, And its spirit forgets its pain. Vet ovr all is a mantling gloom, That sadden:! tho gazer's heart ; For soon shall the autumn's varied bloom From the forest 'rees depart ; The bright le ives whirl in the ed lying air, Their beautiful lints are fading fit?!, And the mountain lops will soon be bare, And the Indian summer past. 3? O JLJ I T I O -A. IL, " [Front Hie Columbia I'hiClllx.] Letter from Hon. B?itj- F Perry l?llKKNVll.LK, S C., Oct. 20,1800 Oha*. II'. HWMMJV/, /: /., /Vt .Vt!ilvlphia : My Dear Sir: 1 hail thc pi?nsate of re ceiving your letter ti few diys since, express ing a kind interest in thc condition of the Southern States, and urgillt? that. South Car olioa should adopt the. constitutional amend ment proposed hy Congress. You also ex pressed a wish to know my views in reference to this nil-absorbing politic.il (j ties timi. lt has been said that a man can never bo j dishonored except by himself, tithers may injure him and oppress him, but they e ui no more dishonor ht.o and render him infamous than they ??ill defame vii tue, and truth and honor. The saine may hi! said Of a people or a nation. Whilst they pursue ;m honorable and patriotic course they e.innot be disgraced by the insults, wrongs ami oppressions of a stronger power, however tyranietil and exact ing that power may he. Thc .Southern people may he deprived of all political power in the Union, their property may bo confiscated, lind their most distin guished and virtuous citizens gibbeted ou the gallows, but they cannot be rendered infamous in history hy any such barbarous and itiho man conduct. Such a course will only dis honor and render infamous their oppressors. 1 do not concur with you in supposing timi thc constitutional amen. 1 neut will he adopted by lit reo-fourths of tim States. 1 am sure this v.ill not he the case. Thorn aro thirty six States in the. Federal Union, ami this will require the adoption of the amendment hy twenty-seven. Tito rejection of the amend ment by ten Slates will defeat it. It is mor tify certain, as certain as any future event eau bo, depending on human action-that South Carolina, f?eorgiti, Virginia, North Carolina. Alabama, Florida, Mississippi, Louisiana.Tex as, Arkansas and Kentucky-cloven States will not dishonor themselves hy adopting tho proposed constitutional amendment. There arc not, therefore, ns,you say, "Northern State.? enough to make tho requisite, number to adopt tho amendment." If adopted, it must bc by thc nid of two recreant States of the South besides Tcunes'soc. This cannot occur. You state that you great ly fear worse terms will bc imposed on the South, if tho amend ment bc not adopted. What security has the South that worse terms may not be imposed, if the amendment is adopted? Wo have no guaranteo whatever that the Southern mem bers will bo admitted to their seals in Con gress, after tho amendment is adopted. Noth ing of tho kind is intimated; and, whilst the test oath is exacted, it would bc impossible for the, Southern States to bc represented in Congress, except by those who would dishonor and disgrace them. We have, no gua rn ti leo that Congress may not still hold the Southern . States as conquered provinces, and appoint Provisional (?overnors over them, with in structions to convene 44 loyal " conventions, elected by universal negro suffrage, and have formed State Constitutions, by which all shall bo entitled to voto and hold q?fioo, without re gard to caste or color, to tho exclusion of ev ery ono who has aided or countenanced the " rebellion." Tho first section of the constitutional amend ment proposes to make citizens of all the no groos in the Souther!) States, without regard j to moral character or attachment to Rcpubli : eau principles, which are required ol' all for j eigner* who become citizens, after a residence , of live years in the United States. No mat I ter how infamous may bc the character of a i negro, as a liar, H rogue and u murderer, be I becomes an American citizen hy this amend j incut, and entitled to all the rights and privi j leges of citizenship. But the Irishman, tier man and I'higlishman must first satisfy thc ' court that he is a man ol' good moral charac j ter, and well attached to the principles of our I Government, before ho can be. invested with j such rights and privll ge?. Why this prefer? euee should be given to thc. black tuan, in his ignorance and vice, over the vii i imus and ill I tclligcnt white man who comes herc from a ! foreign land, is hard to conceive. I Already South Carolina has declared, by j legislative enactment, that negroes s?mil have I ail the rights atol privileges ol' while men in ; perron and properly. They may sue an 1 bc i sued, purchase and dispute of properly, inherit ! und bc tried, as white men are. They are j sn bj eel to no greater penalties or punishment ] for crime (han while nu n. I n all nf thc South I ern States thc. sumo enactment has booh or will bo made, lt would seem that this ought to satisfy tiie Northern people (d' our purpose to prelect thc negro and Jo ample justice to him in all of his rights of person and properly. The right to hold office ami vote is a polit ical right, which belongs exclusively to every community, ami to bc regulated as lo them shall seem proper, without interference, in any way, by any other power. There is nota civilized community in the world where re strictions have url been imposed on thc right of holding olliee, voting and exercising politi cal power. The Northern Stales have done so from their earliest history up lo thc present day. To deprive the Southern States of the same righi, would he thc grossest injustice and tyranny. And lo consent to it, on their pint, voluntarily, wutiid ho self degradation and in famy. The second section of (he proposed consti tutional amendment dedan s (hat representa tion shall ho in proportion to the number of voters in each State, ami that if any male in ? hululants over thc age of twenty-one ?re ex cludcd from voting for 11113" cause whatever, they shall nut bc enumerated in the basis of repr?sentation. This makes it imperative on tin? Southern States to give up (heir represen tation for a l/.rge portion of their population, or permit (he negroes to voto. Thc injustice of t his constitutional provision to the Southern States mu.it bo manifest to every unprejudiced mind. In all of the Soulhern Stales, a largo propor tion 01' their po].ulation consists of negroes, who are utterly incapable of holding office, voling or exorcising any political rights. At the santo ti.nc they exclude, hy their labor, white persons, who would otherwise take their places, occupy the country and cultivate ils lauds. lu the Northern States, they have very few pein?os, and theil" exclusion from voting would not seriously ufleet their repr? sentation in Congress. '1 he consequence would he timi one section of thc American Union, with great weall li ami a large population, would have a mosl inadequate iiiliueuoc: in na tional legislation. 'I he proposed amendment of the Federal Constitution forces the Southern States to choose between giving up their ional repre sent .lion in Congress, or permitting their ne groes to volo. Between these alternatives, nu Southern State could hesitate for a moment to choose when the issue is forced on them. P.quul representation in the national councils i must bc given up. Von very properly say, that already (he Southern States arc in a mi nority in both houses of Congress, anti a full representation for their negroes would not give i them a majority nf ibo House ol' Representa j lives. lu South Carolina we have largely over ( hundred thousand more negroes than white persons, if universal suffrage prevailed, till entire political power ol' tiio Slate would lu in the hands of the negroes. They coull, elect to every office in tho State one of theil own caste, and scud Senators and Representa lives to Congress. Tho saino Stale ol' tillaba deplorable ns it would be, must likewise taki place in .Mississippi. And in all of the South ern States there would be. many counties in 1 ?iinilar condition-negroes elected to thc Leg isl duro and liUing all county offices. To suppose (hat any Southern State wooli' j voluntarily adopt. Modi a provision in the Na tiotvil Const ?(uti,ui, is to presume (bat she i insensible to her own honor, and reckless 0 her own safety, lt may bo said that Tenues soc lias already done so. Never was there j greater mistake. 1 f the constitutional amend mont had been submitted lo the people 0 Tennessee, it would havo beon rejected b nine-tenths of them. It was adopted only b a minority of her Legislature, unfairly an corruptly elected, and thoroughly debased an degraded by Northern influence, in all coir inimiti?s there are unprincipled and infamou men, who ?cok power and notoriety by stier fleing honor and the interests of their cou nt 1-3 Unfortunately for Tennessee, tho scum , An dregs of society have been thrown up by th hovribl'3 civil war through which abe oas pa*; cd. Men have got, into power in that State, accidentally and fraudulently, who are a dis grace to human nature, and who will ever ro main luminous in history. The same thing cannot agaiu occui in uny other Southern Stale. The third section of thc proposed constitution al amendment is more revolting toan honora ble mind than either of the others, lt. is, in the true sense of the word, a Hill of attain der and ex post j\u:to law so ivpu;rnant to the sentiments and feelings of- thcYrun > i> of the Federal Constitution that th'y declared no such law should ever he passel, lt punishes for past offences, by one fell swoop, lens of thousands of honorable men. The conception of such ll Hill was never before, probably, t hought of by an Knglishmflmj or the dost on dun! of un englishman. ll cert linly was not attempted by tho F.nglish Parliament in thc darkest and bloodies days of Kogl ?sh tyranny. Thc only incident in history a na ht gnus toit, is the wish of Nero, that all mell hail but one nook so that he could cut them tiff at one blow. Jt proposes to ostracise and disgrace forever, not only till the leading men bf the South, bul hil, however humble they may be, wi o have ever lilied any civil office in any of tho Southern Slates. This Soclioii declares tlliit no one who has taken an oath to support the Constitution of the Unittd Stales and was afterwards aiding and abetting in the war, shall hereafter bold any office ut.der the State or I'nit ed States. Thc Governors of the Stales, ihe Judges, members of tho Legislature, tungistrtites, con stables, State and District officers, are all, fur ? ever, excluded I?}'this provisi?n. To suppose that ?ny Southern niau would voluntarily adopt such a provision is indeed placing a very low estimate on Southern character. The sold ier who gallantly fought under tho lead of bin General, und who would have sacrificed his own life, at any time for thc protection of his commander, is required to dishonor and dis grace him in peace. The son is required to vote the infamy of his father Thc people are ashed to repudiate and disgrace those whom they have, through life, honored and glorified in honoring. livery Southern State is required to expel from ?iei ' councils, I.cr Legislature, end from all public oflicej?, bor wisest, best and most experienced public ser ! vanls. Was ever such a proposition before submitted loan intelligent, virtuous and Chris tian people? How any honorable man, who reflects on this section of the proposed amend ment, and secs its bearing and consequences, I can expect or counsel its adoption is, to my mind, incomprehensible. That any Southern mau should vote for it or favor its adoption is a confession of his own dishonor and infamy. Such a ma II would willingly betray his country, his own household and bis (iud. If the Southern States were so lost to all shame as lo adopt' this section, it is possible that young men might bc found to lill all the Slate offices; but they could not represent their Stale in Congress or hold any office un der the Doited Statua, on account of their having aided and abetted in thc war. Thc Stales would still bc unrepresented in 'Con gress as long as thc test oath is continued. The Constitution of the United Slates pro vides that amendments may bo proposed by n vole of two thirds of both Houses of Congress and when adopted by three-fourths of tlu Slate Legislatures, shall become a part of tbt Federn) Constitution. This clause of tin Constitution evidently contemplated a fill Congress when such amendments should lu proposed, lt was supposed that all of tin States would be represented in Congress. Th ii was thc security against injudicious amend incuts. Hut thc proposed amend ment wa; adopted whilst ten States were excluded finn all representation in Congress. It never couh have been proposed to the State Legislatures h a full Congress, and consequently should no now be regarded by them as Constitutional!; submitted to the Legislatures for adoption. lt should be, and will be, rejected unanimous ly by ten or eleven of the Southern States and never can become a part of thc Federn Constitution. What will be thc consequence of this rc jeetion, is wholly immaterial to the Souther Statis. You say that worse terms will been forced on us. This may be so ; but wc shnl have the consolation of knotting that we di not voluntarily adopt them, and that atliidf all thc tyranny ?.<M1 oppression which may b heaped on us, we have maintained our hom: unsullied, and never can lose our sclf-respcc Tho Southern Stales may be kept out t Congress. Who cares for that ? We hav been out. for tho last twelve months, mid durio all that time have been improving our conti tion, and rapidly restoring tho prosperity < our country. Thc Northern "pcoplo aro nea ly equally divided. Onodialf of them at our friends, who deeply try nipa thiso with i in our misfortunes. With thia half, wo coi stituto a largo majority of the5 people of tl United States, lt will bo pacing strange, ii deed, if one-third of tho people of this ll publio should oontinue to ru J}, with a rod iron, the other two-thirds, franny length time. That this tyranny and usurped pow should continu? always, ?6 impossible, lt nw arni will have il? end. Thc masses of ihc Amcricau people are honest and virtuous, however corrupt and malignant their leaders may be. The Fxeeutivo Department of thc National Government is with us, and will do all thal mau can do lo maintain the Constitu tion and thc equal rights of every section of thc Union. There is every reason to believe, too, that thc Judiciary Department of the Govcrulneut will oppose its silent and peuce ful power to the tyranny of Congress, und we should nut despair. The fourth section of thc proposed amend ment to tho Constitution, which guarantees the Federal debt ami repudiates tho Confede rate debt, is ii s unnecessary as it is futile. Nu .Southern Sute wishes to repudiate the one or assume thc oilier. If. itt any future time, a majority of Congress should i.e disposed to ; dishonor thc nation by repudiation, this sec I tion, as a port of the Constitution would not slay their action. They could refuse, or neg lect, to levy taxes or make appropriations lo i meet thc debt as it becomes due. without vio lating thc Constitution. And even if it did violate the Constitution, that would bc no hai rier to a corrupt Cougress in carrying out their purpose, as wc know, by the sad expe rience of the present Congress in disregarding and trampling on thc Federal Constitution. Thc fifth section td' thc proposed amend ! ment declares flint ,l Congres* sha!! have pow er to enforce, by appropriate l?gislation, thc provisions of this article. Herc wc have pow er given Congress to destroy all thc rights of the States, nod centralize all power in thc Na tional Ijovcriimcttt. Under the pretext that ii State has abridged thc privileges or immu tuunitics of ii citizen by refusing suffrage lo the negroes, Congress may under this section, declare universal suffrage to that class of per sons. Under the pretext that some one has been deprived by State (.'otuts of his liberty or property, they may give the United States Courts entire jurisdiction of all litigation in thc Slate. Tho Legislativo, executive and judiciary departments of thc Slate Govern ments may, under this section, bo entirely swallowed up by Cougress, and the American Union made one grund consolidated empire. The proposed amendment was liol submit ted to thc President for Ina npprovu), no ,o quired by thc Constitution, before being sub mitted to thc State Legislatures, and they should not, therefore, consider or regard it ut all as a proposed constitutional amendment for their adoption. Eleven States were ex cluded fruin Congress when it passed, and thc President never sanctioned it. Hut I feel well assured that Congress die not expect or wish the ratification of this amendment by the States. The people wen to be made to believe that Congress intended to reconstruct thc Union. This was "a lui thrown out to thc whale*" tu amuse them til thc fall elections were over. Congress doc not itilcnd to have the States reconstructed till after thc Presidential election in IMitf. The Southern Mates arc to be kej t oui of tin Union till after that period, in Older tu i usn ri the radical triumph. Thc object of thc Radical leaders is to per pe?nale thc power of their party. This thej think they can do by negro suffrage, and b; that alone. Rut they were afraid to put tba plank in their plat form ut present lt will b inserted two years hence. When Stewart prc posed universal suffrage and universal ninnes ty, the lenders of the Kudicnl party expresse their willingness to adopt it. They were wi ling to forego the pleasure of banging rel els and excluding Southern members, if tili could bc accomplished. I have thus, my dear sir, given you m views in reference lo thc constitutional amen', nient. Let me conclude by assuring you tin as feeble us South Carolina may be, und i " powerless" as you say she is " to protci herself," she is nevertheless, able to inaititail amidst all her oppressions, her honor unstl lied, and will never, voluntarily, accept lu own dcgralion. 1 am, with great respect, yours, &c, B. F. PERRY. ANOIK.NT RK.MMNS.-Much interest li been created by a recent discovery in tho vi ley of tho Mississippi, near New Orleans, an immense bcd of pure, rock snit, almost transparent ns crystal, which lies some thir feet below the surface. Specimens of s: have been received by the Smithsonian Ins tute. Thc most singular fad io connect? with this Valuable deposit hus been tho d covcry of the romains of an elephant, twen feet below thc surface of (bc incumbent cart ! beneath which has been found basket Worki j formed of reeds. Photographic represen! tions of this ancient hand work are in possi sion of tho Destitute. --- j NuAttf.Y eight thousand buildings ha been erected in Chicago, Illinois, during t presen, sermon ut a cost of about seven ni lions of dollu rs PAHTIF.S engaged in sinking a well in !\ Clemor's Cave, in Walker County, (ia., sim n vein of flowing oil. The location is ala fifteen miles from Chattanooga. The disc ' ely hus crested a sensation From Washington WASHINGTON, October 2!?.-lion D. C. Campbell, Minister to Mexico, left last even ing cm onie to Mexico, accredited to thc Jua rez Government, lie bus received tull in structions conforming lo the tripartite ar rangement previously communicated lie will probably visit his homo by thc way. Under this urrungemoh Die withdrawal of I thc Kreuch troops will commence next mouth, I and is expected to be accomplished at once, iustoad of extending over a year, as at first arranged. This Government, ?ti view of tho complications certain to arrive upon tho with drawn) of Maxmiliun, and the necessity for establishing a stable Government, will, in cer tain contingencies, guarantee the Juarez Gov ernment. In other words, our army on tho J?io Grande and fleet in thc Gulf of Mexico i will bc ready to assist Juarez should it bo nec essary to establish a Republican Government in Mexico. To insure intelligent exercise of this possible armed intervention, a militiry ollieor of high rank will accompany Minister Campbell, with power lo act in the emergency referred to. Lieutenant <'encrai Sherman \? uow-spoketi of in this connection, and also Major General W. S. Hancock. No troops will be moved ii.to Mexico except in thc con? tiugency referred to, and it hoped thal l?io at titude thus publicly assumed by this Govern? nient in support of Juarez will induce a gou crud submission of thc various factions in Mus? ii Oj a:iJ obviate the necessity of any such ac tion. lu consideration of this friendly action tue Juarez Government agree to cede to tho Uni ted States the Territory heretofore stated as agreed upon, and we shall tims gain tho whole of the peninsula of Lower California and Ibo valublc portions uf the States of Sonora and and Chihuahua, thus securing their rich min eral deposit, the undisturbed navigation of the Gulf of California, and a shorter route to thc Pa ci lie oon.-t. The Commissioner of Agriculture this month thinks that his previous estimates of the crops will Le verified. Ho says that tho corn has suffered some by frost and rains, hut that thc crop will bu larger in quantih than the largest ever chronicled before in thi* emu II jv--Ot' tito tr lieut w)?i'?]i biiM le en Uti? fortunato for three years, he s ivs ibero will probably be 148,000,000 bushels, a small de crease from that of'a.-t year. * It is a circumstance of note'.'?at since 1 SO 1 the wheat crop of Great Britain lins also been deficient, i I owe vor, the present crop ?ti this country will probably beten millions of bush* els greater than in 1850, and within five mil lions ufa product in proportion to the incrcftKO of population. The decrease for tho ileveu Stales of tho South is estimated at seventeen millions of bushels, less than fivo-tctltlis of thc crop ol* 1850. The California crop, which was six millions of bushels in 1800, well, ii is thought, double that quantity this year. The yield of oats is extraordinary, and indi cates an increase from i71,-l'.'7,U72 in 1S59 to 271,012,005 bushels ?ii 1S00. It is tho only crop in tile South that maintains equal? ity with its last census exhibit. Hay ?8short, but better in quality. The Southern returns for cotton do not indicate that die crop wi.l full below 1,750,000 bales AFTKU the war commenced and tho South ern members had withdrawn, Congress passed ! Pacifie Hail Hoad Hills, in what scorned nt the time to bc a reckless and uncalculating spirit. I twas ton to one whether the enterprise would ever bc carried into oiled ; but now it appears that they arc making satisfactory pro gress, and promises to become u fixed fact, like thc Illinois Central Iinji Hoad, which was re garded, when the Bill passed, as an idle and extravagant enterprise. What this country can do, if blessed with domestic peace, a:id a cordial re union and co operation ol' its seve ral sections, is almost beyond the bounds of imagination, for what it has done appears to be fabulous. 11 OUR i m.v,.-The French Academy nf Med icine at Paris has lately brought to light a hor rible state of affairs in regard to the habit of sending children to thc country to b.% nursed and brought up. Kvery year twenty thousand babies nre sent, out of Paris under the eire of these peasant nurses, and of that number on ly five thousand, on an average, are returned to their mothers, thc oilier fifteen thousand having died of cold, Starvation and bad treat ment. lt is calculated that three hundred thousand of thc nurslings have perished in this way during the last twenty years. Thcso country-women make no scruplcsof exchang ing thc babies entrusted to them, and under take to nurse several at a time. They writo letters to the children's patents describing ia pathetic language the rosy checks and increas ing charms nf th nr infants, dend weeks bo fore tho epistles wero indicted, and rcccivo clothing and money for tho little ones for months after they have boen in their graves. ? S ll A l.t. Sheep and Swine bc permitted to rv?., at large," is a question to be decided by un nlection in Iowa. That little question bas long ago been decided by rogues in. lecalittCft that wo know of.