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ll Jb lli Lil (|} v||j ilil j Jj ill j| =:.. y t ^'' jBH "TO Til.sr. OWN SELF IlE TKUE, AND IT MUST FOLLOW, AS THE ' " , . ,, NKillT THE DAY, TU< I l1 NOT NY ROUT. A. THOMPSON. PICKKXS COl'KT IIOl si;, S. ('. SATt'ltDAV, JAM All\ 5, 18(?l. VOL. \11. XO. \>V. iPf 3 ? L ? D T ? V) ii* ?> & T S x ?, Judge Not. itv i?.\viii I:.\TI:H. Jiidpe mil- The holiest :in?I sinccre, Wherever they mny ?i:i11?1, Should have n brother's word to eheer, A brother's helping hi:nd. Ju Inot xV!i:ii if wo ,jis-!^e iiright A thousand in the throng, 'T?'"it better loll undone iIimii blight Due heart by judging wrong. Judjre ii"l -The motive lies loo deep I'or other eye* t" seun ; 'Tis ours to wuteh our own :111< 1 keep J mitre not-?Although the ileoil lie one l!> \vIti<*li mto siinnl or i'Vii, 11 m.iy lio thai we wmiiM have iloiic No heller, or .'is well. ,linl?e not -"I'wi'lc v:i III lo .-iliHTil I lie C!II1>0 That uii'lerlies lis** < 1 ?. ? <I; The soul must answer lo iis laws, A11 I not lo any creeil. .In K*e not -Ueineinher. il was lie Wln> ?.*!>ut<* from llf.ivcii to snvc. .\11 I l.nijrlii grout truilis sn lovingly, Tliis also j*:ivu. O DMjVTTOIJOATil ON ?. roll Til K KKOWKK COUllKU. Sketches of Life in South Carolina. MM UK It Kl V K. \\ro will u >\v try t > itivo. fuiicjn mint of Sullivan's lsl.nl, situitiil in ('ii.u 1?*~t?hi harbor, ;in< 1 of the many happy tlays spoilt thore in tho summer tiin ami in the winter time, in " auld lang syne " The Island," (jis it is familiarly e died.) is seven milts lYntn the t'itv; the east end of it is not inhabited, and is just opposite tiie breakers. These are w ives which run hi.uh, and are very violent, heeause they dash themselves against the bar, which i? a loi:^ sand banlc stretching itself across the entrance to the harbor. Tiiis sand bank or bar prevents vessels of the l-.r^est size from enterim* it : for, it' they were to mako theatten.pt, ihev Wi.uhl <_'et aground on the sand. 11 has been br .n-l i up hit> ly in our Legislature that they shall try and r< ;n >ve the sand; 'or, if tiiis ."-'t.te secedes " lVo:n the I *uion it will be in portant for ship' of the lar<j"st .-i/.c (to ami from Klll-olte^ tii eiit r t lii- I i-iiii- iii ..mi-i-i i...? iliroct ini|mi t;iti(iii Sullivan's Islaiul is about two miles luii;/. ami a cnn-li separates it from tlio iiiaiu lainl mi t!i?' oust siilo; standing on tin* liti.K*li opposite the bar, tlirre i>tlie wiilo Atlantic Ocoan beioro you. Those sur.ic wavtis that you sco just in front may bear you around tin! world. For the groat " jrathorinii together of i'ii- waters under the lloavi'ti" which < ioil oalled " Seas " is a',1 olio, whether we (for convenience) call it Atlantic ??r I'arilir Octitin. It is impossible to uive any olio (who his never seen il) a just indca of the sublimity of tho (k-ean?I'.ttcst emblem of eternity, without l> '^inning ami williont cud ?encircling themrth with one vast wiMc of waters. Staining on t'i lunch and ga/.iic.c on this (to us; familiar night, y? t w? unv invariably struck wit'.i hwo whilst looking at it. " llitlurto shall thoU conic, hut no l'u! ther; anil here shall thy proud wave* be st :\ed." ? is the command of (!od to the great ti'id terrible Ocean, and certainly whilst coiitempla ting it, tin* most woiuleriul part ??T all, <Ii 1 seem tlie; uniformity and regularity of its waves. 11 i^ii and low ti I cm In1 ? .)t? ?! to the moment, with unerring exaetee-s; the more astonishing, tint sometimes when lashed by tlie wind in a meat storm they become so terrible, ami bursting their bonds, carry devastation and death in their pathway. Aid yet, in a calm, what more beautiful than that widely spread mirror he tore you, reflecting the sun's rays with dazzling brilliancy, unless it is the Ocean by moonlight? This, indeed, i* i, fairy-like scene, causing you for a moment to imagine yourself in some other Planet,? the long silvery band of int>oidi<;ht on the water, gradually lessening to a point?often a little, sailing boat moving up and down in this band of light, and the beach of a soft yellow color, mellowed by this silvery light, yet glittering as if strewn with diamonds. Fort Sumter, is very near, and in a direct line with the " lone Star" of the Lighthouse oil the onnosito coast of Morris' Island We will not now stop to toll you of t.lie evenings spent on tlic beach in the moonlight with guitars and singing; and of excursions about 1110 Harbor in the, sailing boats, but will first describe some of the happy Christinas holydays spent at "the J.-land." In the very hottest summer weather it is general';/ delightfully Cciol there, ami the sp:i-lin?ey<> i* tilnwwl always Mowing ; somutiiiicn with tho sound of n sick man moaning, and again with tho nierrv sound of a buy whistling. We chose tho wintor time, however, for our "maroon," been use x iKe then had tho Island almost entirely t > ourselves. l*'or being a summer resort for (ho coolness and bracing effects of sea-air ami seabathing; and being quite bleak in tho winter timj, only a few remained there all the year round. These were chiefly those poisons who wire too poor to bo moving about often, ami also a few officers and privates of the I . S. Army at Fort Moultrie which is on this Inland. Suppose then a party of some seven <>r eight boy.i and girls, who were prepared to do every thing for themselves, as one man servant [if was all that could be spared from the housekeeping at home. This one man-servant generally did all the rough work both inside and Lv Hillside of the. house, sneli ns lnmlimr unrl i cutting the wood, &e. Tlio prospect highly delighted them of running about in freedom * nt " the Island " far more than to be taken I to some country house on lie plantations, M> . where they would be obliged to be on their V\s. and Q's Another consideration influenced them : the Island steamboats did not 1 run in the winter time, and how much mor-j ' I delightful to sail di>wa in a j'.tck et-bo.it ? I5enidos, they had the picket all to themselves, ' instead of being seated up primffi in a steambunt full of people. \ packet boat has but nne very lar;.;v fail, besides (lie small one in iVniit called " tile jib ami it lias ft nice little , cabin, with wind \vs, ami seats ;>! 1 around it, | ami tour >???.l liertlis I >r the sailors to >i? < p in. Tlii' root' of this little cabin was commonly punted w.th alternate strenhs of white and j red, like so inueli mint candy ; of which csim' modity, by tlie way, together witli oranges and ' >&r.t tchildren always had a bountiful supply. There wi re 11 r< or t'oiir of ! these hoats plyinjr between the < liy and the i island, and before the steamboats were eslabi <l...v .1. ,.t.. i i i ... their eaptains, who were also eominonly the ' (iwih is of them. A ft it that period, however, j tin* niily prolit tin1)' ui;!*!*.' was during tin* winter time win ii the steamers were diseontiuued. | Wo w.-ll remember hearing one id' these < ::j?| tains swearing in round terms at a steamboat passing him, and he ended by muttering hometiling iiboiit i's hot water. iPOU J'.JO.AL. The Address to the South. , Thr .1 ihlfiss <<1 tin /'t-iiji.r a/ Smith ('uri'/iiki . I Ui/i/i </ in C'i'ii f( il/ioti. In /In /'ini.'. nf llit. iS/n ri /.<>!(/1111/ ,S/u/i.< tj' the t ni'i.il Stairs. It i.s .seventy three years since tlie I n!<>ti between the l niled was made by the t'oi-iitliti?>11 of the I nitcd States. I hiring tln> time, their mlvance in wealth, prosperity ;md J?ov.i r, has been with scarcely :? piralhi in the history ot tlie world. I he ureal object ?d their I nion was external defence from ..o agressions of more powerful iialion.-; wr.U:hnhjc<l i.s How attained, iVie.n iheir mere. orouivss in power. Thirty one millions el' people, witli a eiunineree and n:tvi<::.t ??11 wliieli explore every Mil, a mi I wit 11 agricultural productions, which are inc? s^.iry t t every civilized people, command tlie friendship ul the world. JSut. unfurlunatily, our ititcruul peaeo lias not utowm with our external prosperity- I'i.-eon 1 i i ' ! It ,<i ?111 vi * *?111' Ilium ,I?\| ni" \ rw in I ill* II IMIIM tit" tin: <'(tnl'cli'n.rv l'?>r tin* last thirty liwwars. I luting t!.i> ti:m*, South Carolina Ikis twici' railed Iter logcth.-r in solrnin Convention, to take into consideration the aumv>.*ions :nnl uin-oust tatit>11 I wrongs jtcrpcl luted hv tin1 j< ojilo pi the Noitli mi tlii* |>t-?-ji!?* i I the s:.?.Tt ............ I.. ... 1 111!' J n ??| >1? <lt till' Sl.lltll. Ulnll'1' llu! IlOpe it 11 > ( expectation tlistt t!i-y Wtnilil be I'tuil. lint sueli hope aiiii i Njtoct.iiiuM have proved in Invain. Instead ot producing forbearance, nur ae<|i;ieseenee lias oiilx i11stiu: C . <! to lit \v forms ill" agression and mil ; a lid Sent h I'r rolina, aj^aiu assembling her people in ('oiiventioii, li.'s this il iv dissolved her connection with the rnit.-d States. The one <;rcat evil, from wliieh all other vils have Unwed, is the owithrow ??t* the Constitution nf tlie i nit"d States. 'I I.c (iov ri in-ill <11 uir I mien .Tiirs IS ll'l li'lli'.cr I IK' 1 lovori'.MKMit lit' 1'?i:ii? iii i .41 < 1 I?< j.111.!i? v. I nt of a eonsoliiialoM ! Vn.tn-r.it v. It is no Itiiiycr :i free (Ii isoiiI, but a 11? 'spoti.-:n. It is. in f;: t t, Midi a (itiViMlinit'lit as (Ireat lirit'in ;it(out|.t< t! to set i,mm* i?ur fathers; in,.I wliifli was re-isied ami tit :t-;:tf i i<v ;i seven veins' stniL'-rlf It if intli'jK'li'liMtri'. Tin! devolution of ITT'i lunu'il upon tun ri'at j?i?11< i|?I? , st'lf :;t.\ eminent. Wlierethe interests of two nt'? ? !** united tn???*i 11 one jrovcrinncnt, aiv 1 ill'? i? i?t, each must have I tin; power to protect it- interests hy tin* organization ot the (iovcrninent or they cannot lio Iii i'. T.nt interests of (iivat l?ritain mm! t ic Colonics were different ami antagonistic, (iivat lliitain \v;is desirous of carryintrout tin; tin; policy of all uat ;ons toward- their Colonics. I of making tlicni tributary to her wealth and power. She had vast and complicated tela- 1 tions willi the whole world. Iler t olicv to-! I - - I wards her North American Colonics was t<> ident ify them with her in all these complicated | relat inns; and to make thi'in benr in common j with tlie rest of the I'.mpire, the lull hunhm of her obligations and ncccssitus. I'-'ho had a 1 vast public debt j she had an Kuropcan policy and an Asiatic policy, which had occasioned i the accumulation of her public debt ; and which k< jit her in continual wars. The North | Ainerican ('ninnies saw their interests, pnlili cal and commercial, saeriliccd by such a pnli- I cy. Their interests required that they should nnt he identified with the burdens and wars 1 of the mother country. They had been set 1 tied under Charters wliieli mn'i> ?lu?in etc government ; : t least t'.ir :is their property was concerned. They hail taxed themselves, i | ami had never been taxed by the* (ioveriitncnt of<ileal Britain. To make them a part of a j consolidated Kmpire, the Parliament of (iroat Britain determined to assume the power of! j legislating for tho Colonics in all cases what- 1 | soever. Our ancestors resisted the pretension. They refused to be a part of the consolidate! : (government oftireat Britain. The Southern Slates imw nf-iml nviw.flt* !.> i tin- same position towards tin; Northern Stales i that our ancestors in the (.'olonies did towards i (ireat Britain. The Northern States, having ' tin? majority in Congress, claim the same pow- j er of omnipotence in legislation as the British Parlia nent. " The (leiioral Welfare," is thr ' only limit to the legislation of either ; mid the ' majority in Congress, as in the British Par-' | liament, ore the sole jr.dj.res of the expediency ' of the legislation this " (Jeneral Welfare" re-1 rpiircs. 'i'hus, the (jovernmcnt of the I nited States has become a consolidated (lovernniciit ; ' j mid the people of the Southern States are! j compelled to meet the very despotism their j | fathers threw olf in the devolution of I77<>. The consolidation of the (iovemniont of (treat Britain liver the Ciiliuii/vi wao nllmiml I ; '? i'"- i I cd to }?o earned out by tm tn.<os. Tin* Hrit- j 1 ish Parliament undertook to tax the Colonies, : to promote I Sri t is Ii interests. Our fathers re-' j sisted this pretension. They claimed the right of self-taxation (hroiif/U t/in'r Colonial Lnjis\ latum. They were not represented in the I I Hritish Parliament, and, therefore, could not | rightly be tifxcd by its legislation. The British Government, however, offered tlioin a representation in Parliament; but it was notsuffiuient to enable them to protect themselves from the majority, and they refused the offer. 1 >.-Iwi'i'ii taxation without :i n |.i< s< <il;ilinr. anil taxation wit hoist a i < pit.1- ntat ion :.<!? t u u t to jiiotcction. th<tp was no ilil'tYrom * . In neither ease v.oiihl the Colonics tax tlu'inm Ivcs. Ili<n<<\ th' v n lust <1 !' |r.\ 'In-taxes laiii hv ihc l>i iti.-li I .ii!ia:i.ciit Ami so with tii.- Suntlii'Mi ."(,it<s. i w: n's tho Noithern .^t. tcs, in the Vital 11.; iter ?>t taxation. '! Inv a it ::: a Minority in < '< . '. Their representation in ('onjr.vss i< u.m less to protect 1 item n.-t unjust t * lioii; :n,<l Ihey tire ta.M'il 1 >\ tin* people ui'tlif Noith / r firir h'li'jif, exactly a> (li<* po ]?I in' (i r;d I'iiliiin taxi-il ihir aiicest oi> in ilie l>riti. !i I'mliair.cnt l'?ir thoir heir lit. |\>r tin l.i>t !'? sfv V'1::V?, (lie I.I.M > liiiil hy (lie t'l-li;;! - i>!' l!it' I Iiiti'il t::t<. Ii"vi' )>.< :? i.iiil will) ,i \w ! >uli.-ri \ ing tl.e in!'!' -! -I-!' 111North. 'I ] ?*.'< )?';? III t lie Si'111 ll llil Vr I'.'(II t :i M (I hy (in I it's in in ports, ii"t lor revenue, Imt I r ;>i: -l ? t iiicoiiMslriil with revenin?tu promote, hy prohibitions. Northern inlet' -i- in tin- proline i>i mi .1 mill' ami mamr n-- \vi's. 'I I,. iv is am tln-r rvil. in tin' ? <ii;i >n ? I' the Sinitlu-i 11 low..it's tl.i.' N'-:tlici'i: Si: !' >, wliicli mir anci stills mTummI to lavn inu . I. (!re; t lirilain. ( )iir i: 11 c-? >1 -i> n< I nirlv lrnl Ilii iiiscK i s, hut al! tlie t ."s ? i '!? ? t? ? 1 from tlii'in were c.vjumkUmI :i:ti>ii: ;st tlmin. Ilad lli"\ Miliiiiitt* <1 t< ]?? ? !oil ii;.- ?i! (!.< llrit -h ' in.I'i'iiiiu lit. tin* t en!! cii l IVuiii tlii-iii. wmtiil liavo Ix'itti uxpml <1 in 111 r nt< !' t!:u !'rili>li Ktnpirc. Thev wcr |t;!!v :i\v;tr of I lie cilccl of >ueli ;i jiolii-j in i'ii>> vori>!iinu l'.c |mii|i'h- from wliom I :m ;in> coll' ct<il. .n.il ill ciM'R-iiii'u thi.-.c v.lio n ci ive tI>ciic|.l i f tin ir e\|:'llill!urc. 'ill pli'VC'st evils nf slldl ;t policy, was i no el' (lie motives wliii-li ilrov l he in on Id I ! vo'mt ion. \ i i i ! i- I1; i>!i |n i|. icy, liiisbcon 1 illiy rcali>:ctl lowar<l.~ tin- Smlli<TII Sl.ii 'S, I. \ l 111' Xolllicm Sta!:'<. 'i'llC ]- <>|>!c fit il:t- Soul licrn Sl.il>'> arc nof only t:i\iii I< r tin1 Siriicfjl of ti,i' ? rtluni Slabs. I>nt sifter I lie Isims are colli three for,rtlis . !' I lien: arc ex j?< 11; 1 < ? 1 :il tin- Xo'.tli. Thi- .".^e, ? lit . 11. .i. .1 . .. i tiie ( it'll I Tit I ( i u\ fllll> flit, 1 : II ink' tin' r;f of tin' South |>ro\ itii.'i il. ;r '..rn\vi:i i., |> ir;.!\/< il ; whil.- l t' c\ ;i!v iiu it ?<; XomIhtii i-isi< ?'! !:> ril uitur. ! pi- (hictioi.-' til' tin; South nlv ti.c li ;-i- til' ('>! 1? r. i . i coiiiiih i< i' ill' I nit<1 Ht::t s : v* ! in t il; > <! > iit.t cr.rry it on. < i'ir !. ! is iilmost niiiiil.il.it il. In 17'" t!; vo \v< r> live ship y. fils in South (Vs-o!;mi. to ! .i' 1 i ships to < ; ; i v oil otii-?!ii i < I 1 ? ;:?! \\ " 1!? Iv.m; r. 1 ;? !\v?vu 1 7 i>' siin.l 17 . ' ! I" W" r l.'.'lt ii. tli.yni'ils twvnlv live s?ju r1 v< >( !>, , Ix'sitlt-:- :: ? r< I inn;:! r ?T ^ 1 <>> v :iii?i >rli- unci's, l<? C.M'lA < !? iilU' "ivist silul Wc-I In.! i t I'.iilo. I'I till1 11:11 i' I 'llllliy i I.:?1 > I i!i:ijc!\ | < < ilinu 111< I?< \ : i:I i??n, iVniM i T'J.'i to 17, ."' the ]> 'liuliltkll lit' .^'illtll CiU'c'in:! illcl >vv li i'uM. \?? i:i:.:i c.in A.r :i i,;on < ;.t I" 1 v-.> . oill* ill let* to;; iiili'in!-i| > : : r IHf' i ity cMu tly t'.* ,-ci: >.!' <>vi rm i iit ilicy II I ! t>\ : I!111'Wil. '!'! : > : ! i ! " . ' of the (.'(institution <?l' tin* ! nit.-d ; . in . iritcnnl operation, vrns, <!.u'.ti s ! 11?o jii*e:il cml ?>t' tin* i' Intr? :i ;i i. i! I'roo govt riiiiii'iit ;i lovi'i*!. cent Ir.sit i ' < 111o>'(* matters oiiis \v 11i? 11 v. r . .1 ! coiiiinon to nil { (iitiiid> ?>t* tin ! nit-iiSt < All HVtiolial (.1* ItiCill ilitt ; iv1- wrrc t . ii" i to till' Stilt s. 11 y mi otluT :iii;.'.' 1,1 i woulil thoy olilain free irovt'i nii!?*nt, I \ i ('.?.i -titution roinmnn to > i \ .!-t (''intciicnicv \ (t. I \ irriitlii:>I mimI svn?lv < ::Ti 'i !ii n!i llit* j> iit i>t' tlio i'| ! - oi' i' Ni.rtli, ami !lC-|UM SCfllCC Oil 11;?. j .; I of llu' I'lill 'i, l limit; lions i:i tin: Co:: I t.iti'.ii I iVr 1 en swept a w \ ; iititl tl (loverim nt til' l!:< I niti <1 States lias lnvonie e< nsolitl;il< <1 with a i liiiniil limit .< ] iw ! - in it- o] r..ti'i it i*i not ::t all surpii-inu,, \viiil.>t such llio eharaeter of tin; < invt rim' ii! (he ' i iIt.'tl States, that it slum il as-one In pu-sc s power <?vt*r all tin- institutions of lr.? < -ntry. 'l lit; a;jitations on 111t-r <111t-ct ol >'.i\ ry are I!.?; natural ivvult of tin- i onsoliil.itinn i>l tlit' (loverniuent. I'.r. j.i.n.-iliility follows power; mhI if tin- people of the N'oith have lilt'! 1 uv.vr I?y ('iHljir. >s "Id | l-ttllM <t. the ill era I welfare ??1" tlie I" 11i t? <t States," by anv means they (lei hi ? nim ill.-lit why should they hut assail ami ovcithr? w tin- i11>ti1111i?>i of slavery in tbo Stmtli '( Tlu-y :ir?? r< -jioit siblc for it - (-<tu(i11tmiico nr existence, in pro portion to their power. A majority in (Vn gress, iic.aiidill-., to their i:iteres!? d and per verted views, is <miin11><ite;ir The indii e incuts to act upon the subjeet <>l .-lavery, tin del" such ciivuiuatanccs, were so imperious as to amount almost lo a moral neoes.-ily. To make, however, their nuuieric.il powi- avail nI?I<* r# rule tin1 1 nion, tin- .N<>rtli iim-l eon soli date 11 >?*ir power. It would not be unit< <1 on any mutter common to tin* \\ 1 u> 1. I ninti in o'Ikt word.;, on any con tit ut it mill ?lor on such subjects divisions arc as like Iv to exist in tin? North as in t! e .':outli.Slavcry was strictly a scctioinl interest. It' this could he made the criterion of the ]nr tics at the North, the North could he united in its power; mid thus carry ut its measures of sectional ainhition. encroachinciit nnd njrtrrmidi/.cmeiit. To huihl i]> their sec- i tioiial predominance in the I nion, the Con 1 st it ut ion must he first abolished hy constructions j hut that L( intr done, the consolidation ; of the North, to rule the South, hy the ta rill'ami shivery issues, was in the obvious course of things. Tlio Constitution of the I'nitcd States was an experiment. The cxpciiincnt consisted in unitiu" under 0110 Government different peoples, living in did'emit climates, and having different pursuits ot' iudustiy and insii tutions. It, matters not how carefully the limitations of such a Government lit! laid down in (lie Constitution? its success must at least depend upon the good faith of the parties to.the constitutional compact, in enforcing tliein. It is not iu the power of human language to exclude fal.^o inferences, ' construction and perversions, iu any Consti- 1 tution ; and when vast sectional inu re Is are to he subserved, involving the appropriation of countless millions of money, it lias not heen the usual experience of niuulnnd tIk.t \VOl\N nil | til l'?* 111! i? 111 ?-:i II : fit ft |>oWlM\ Tin' : ('-!-( : ;it iixi < !' I lit- i nii'd Slate*, in ivjicc- ( tivv ' I thy ii.t* I] 1 >itii?11 ? ' tic St-it<s. nstod t ( ii tlin a;- iuii|iti'ii) that |.I \vi r would vicld to i I'. it It - tin.I i i: l? v i?t y \\t uld In- >tn.>n;:?T tlian inti irst- ::inl tl.i.i t us 11 to limitations of In.1 (*oi:> t ituliiui Would lie observed. 'I lie i'X j'rri incut lias been fairly made. The '-'"uilii-rn Stall's, from tIk- ?muihj h< <-hh nt of tliv (invi-rumoiit, have >lliven to keep it with n tIn orlut pn ciiln il I", il. I i n u<: i xpcri .cut ha/ i':ii? <1 'I lie whole ('??n<Wfut(!? ' , h; t) ' ' ." ;: 'i i i ) I;:is IiOcii "iili.-ni!m >1 1?v its preamble. In their iccKlc.-s Iu>t fur |i?.\vcr. tiny 'in llli::l?l:' t ? (olliptl lulnl tllilt ja'emillti i r:ul>.\ -tli.it tho n i ic |.i.\\cr is given t?? ';c ( m ih i ;.| t i(j\? rii;i:i-i:t. tin; Weaker it lie' iin 11- >s 1111j ci.iih.-U in tlie limitation n!' it agency to objects ?.f common interi -t t i all M-ctions. To cMer.fl the scope t?f power i!vcr M'etieMal or local il:t r< >t ~, is to raise up iojaiu.-t it i ] |'i sitioii ami re.?i>taiii'e. In all Mich nutters, the (icneral t iovcriiim I,! n.n>t mcev-arily be a <leM.oii>ni, because :. 11 ,-cctioic l or h eal i111< rcM^ must e\>r lie : 'p'i chtctl by a minority in the coum-ils of tl.c t Ir-ner-' l t ;<ivcrn:;ici:t - having no J w.'V ('ijnot'c t it.1 elf -j/inst the mleuf tin; r. niiy. 'I !.e rity, constituted |V<!1!1 |i; IV! vhil li.i ll.it ll j>!tM'lit the?rt sic li'.hiil ur l,ei.l ii.in* . will cuutrnl ;:ml ?ovi tii them. A Ire ]? ijilrt cumuli submit to Mich :i j^oVcniineiit. Ami the inciie il i sil:i tin* s]?1 u r? n|' ;ts power. tin- . n-.-itiT inn.-1 I the ili- iitii-lMi tlull il ii.u I l v.'iiiue, iii:< 1 (he \vi',i!.? r ii inu-1 ln'ctniic. ()11 the emitnii \. t!n: i- .I :i11-1:.iiis iVuiii lisurj ' <1 | . wers, :nul t!in lume l.iithl'ullv it :u!hi r? s t.i the l:iiiit;iti'-!.s < ! the ('mis!itulum, the strmi<ri r I lli!;il 'i'llO N< lllieni jiciijile ! :;\, 11: <| !: illr r the wivloni imr the ! i:h tn pereeivo. : i i,, i,1 ii... i.;i .i " >?i;:: "i w.:^ tin' on]v \v v I > it- jenu'tuit v. i i.ilt'i" 1Ji :i :i pdVi'l lili.t III till r?? liillst. (if Ci?tu>:c, 1 mtiny uml lullo.ss " iiToim ssiblc ' ii.,'lii-ts." lichvt ni tlio two ;n\-it si ctii ns of In- I'liiim. Tlit* sniiio !il?ssn< wliicli ' > ;:|>i.ii-lic(l tin' < 'oiistitllliuM 1.1 tin1 I nit'-il ; 'Irs, \. i: 1 nut t: i i! to < :: ii; nut the m it ioltill ; s I'nl' wliirll it lll'.s lnvil ;.l?:.li lu??l.? '! hci'i must 1"' ei.:if.u-t : tii:il liu- v.raUor scc .i of t!. i I uii'i (.mi nil!'. Ill ii] i ii'iici* iind I! :yi I III lr|)ltl!l!(.'IIC<1 .'I tllO .North.i'li 11 ; ':.!i '1 Hhd'ts 111. ;(!?' I'V Kill ('a I'uli l;;i, .. wi-0 Ci nsOl'Vi.tlsill, lo all' .-I tllO JiVo;. l rj-s i tin- ( t i rnI < Ii'vrniiH nl iii it.- I'..tal jti'i'j.'i iv-. -.1 is< I:<I iti. ii. Isnvr I" ?li ui.-nj j i>rt? il, an.. ! i> in. n i! II l!iC< 1 i.nllili > lit the 1 oh': . it i'lllS el' ll.i ( 'i ll.-titlllinll. I ?y til*1 M IV 1 ii. : i ! Sts.t who \v< !< <i".-tn \ iuu' it I?v J < '' . ii u | tii i: ll i i. \v Ion lute, in rc: ill! rl l'( : !' > |'i I ill- ( i 11\ (." ? 111 i tl. t III' (III' I nil I'll : .v!i !i -. .Ml hi tIn; .North :> lot 1 y l'.i Si in !i. i Iii.- ;iit!.! -- i I'tho .With i'l.r ! .. iiiiirv. has 0]i;mkiI :i unit' of m-i>.11..:,nil h lUrt'ii tin- ,\ 1111 : 11?1 the South hi. Ii r.o { ; i.-t s in-r i ii_::i'4Vii!' i.t can till. !t fiiuiiot I..- Li litiv.-il I In. t our ami -tor.wouid h;i vi' : M-iitcil In :m\ Inioii win I her \v;!h ".! < |' of 'In: Nniili. ii' l!u- In lilies ' and ominous now existing amongst tliciu .1 .... i I . . . -IV . ? I 111- \ >iii>i;.:i< '!i v1mill YIkto \V; ll n l.o T:i!.-in? fiiiati- ] Ccillrt T!lill;; II ,r< i1.-'. it w.is 1110 dele ;.ill-.-. .rn::i New i11u 1 :? I w'lio |">ru]>used. in I t!n' ('11:i\"? i:ti??ii w !iit !i tVainr;! tin' ''< 11>Ii111 I timi, tu tl>' - lioiii S hi:!i ( arolina ! .k11< 1 t... . that if tiiov w<i.iId :i?m-?> in I -iw i h ;if.vv 11 :< | it?\\" i r III' !('Ulll;!t illir rolll- : iiit roe 1>\ :i !!!: _;.>ritv. tli: t tin v would -up- ] | .t lie i'.\t:-usiti ! I!i? Afriomi Slave Trade t tor twe:U\ years. After i-l- very oxi.-ted in t all tin- I" 'a' hut nil '. 'I lie idea that the < i .... . ii' > -mil nt i ii . ones woilin Hi' lliaue I? ]I!IV tllilt : li'iljis! I i their Ni.nl.' in ? ?>nl"i <l< rati s which i t; ey h"l r i'liMil tn p. y to t i real Uritain; or 1 i'nal I he institution of African slavery would I In- maile t!i. yr.iiul hasis ill' a sectional origan- I ixation uf i!su North to nth: the South, iirvcr I i'ii iscil toe imaginations ol our siih-1 Slovs.? I '1"In* I nioii of til;' Constitution was a union | of slave!.olilii;;.' States. It rests on slavery. : !.\ preset iliill;^ a liepreselitatioll ill Congress. 1 ! ir t lin e I.. 11.-, oi' our Siaves. Tin re i.? noth i Mj* ill t he Jileei ililius ol the Convention ] which I'ramt il .the Coiistilulioii, to show that I the Southern States would have formcil any I otlu r I uion ; ami still less that wouhl have i formed a I nioii with more, powerful lion- I slaveliolii.iiStates. having a majority in I hot It hratiehi s ol the Legislature ol the (Jov- > eminent. They were guilty ef mi sueli folly. 1 I inie ami the progress ol' tlii s;;s have totally i altered tiie rel.itioiiS between the Northern I . .. i i *_>. -| hum > iiiin?iii rimes, S1IICI' III'.' I * 111 < 111 WHS 1 estal>ii>ln'(!. That identity of feelings, interests and in.-titiitii iis, which once existed. is ' . 11:: 1. They now (livid d bolv.von ;>gri- | < cult>.ir.: 1?ami iiiaimfaeluring and eoiiuner- ( rial Stiltes?bet ween slavi-holding and mm- ( slaveholding St;.to. 'I heir institutions and i industrial j tirsiiithave made them totally \ dillerent peoples. Thai equality in the (!ov- ( I.. ' ' in* i nw r?ri*.nm> <11 I III' r t'llioil Wl 'i ll OilCC existed, DO longer CxistS. 1 We but iiilit'itc tin' policy of our fathers in i dissolving a union wil!i lion slavelioldinjx con- t l'<11 r:.t : >, ;ii 11 seeking a confederalion with s slavcljiplding States. I .s Kxperienee lias proved, tl at shivcliolding c Stati.s cannot l>c Sale, in subjection to noli- r slaveliolding ,v't tcs. Indeed, no people can v ever expect to preserve its rijrlits and lilicr- 1 v tics, unless tlnsclie in its own custody. To I plunder and oi'Mvss. where lilunilrr noil mi. < . ii ' # ! t ; I press:. >n can l??* practiced with impunity, t I seems It> be tlio natural order of l!iiii?'< ? ' v The fairest portions of llic world clsrwhere, ' 11 have l.ocn turned into wildcrnesst s ; and the ; most civi!i;.ed and prosperous communities, ; a hiive been impoverished and ruined by an- }/ ti slavery fanaticism. Tlie people of tlie ; n North have not li lt us in doubt as to their t d si-lis and policy. I nited as a section in v thf 1; le Presidential election, they have li elected as the exponent of their policy, one s who has openly declared that all the Stales ii of the I nit eel States must he made tree n States or sduvo States. It is true, that f / iinoiiv'st those who aiilo<l in his > ! < ti< 11, ;hero are various shades ? !' anti-slavery hostility. Hut if African shivery in the Smithrn States, lie (hi! evil their ]>o|itieul eouihilia'ioii alViruis it to ho, the requisitions of au inexorable lo<:ie, must lead them to enianeilf i? iv > i- i jdavery in a territory why .should it 1 ? allowed to remain in the Stales'/ The one i. not at all inure uueohstitutional than the other, according' to the ti< <-i>-i?.'!i of the Supreme l'? lit of the I nitud Stat? s. And when it is ruiisidered that tli' North rn States will -.e ll have I lie imu-er In m-i! . 1 I . i ('iiiit wli.it tl.t'v jiIi.'siso, it tit 1 tliiil tlu* ?11 > t i tilt i<>ii in vi r lia.s been aiiv barri< r whatever to their < ft-!.sc (if |?nw< r- -what elieoic can t h r? bi', in tin' mi ii >t ri inrd councils "I the North, to en.aiicip::I? ' There is sympathy in a.ssuciation, which carries men aloii;.: witlii n! principle : hut when there is |?rinc-iplo ami that )>riiu*i]?1 is l'< >i ti'i? <l by lotij; < .\i. t1?|?' lil'cillllu-iK -Il.il f. ?i.]i???.w 1 i>iiini|><.i< iit in ]i:irty inllui'iK'i's. In spite <>1' :;il uist'liiiini is :-ii<! prolV.-.-ors, tin ic can bo but one <th1 by (lie suhtui.-shiu of (1ki South, tu the i u!i' <it' :i mt! iotiul ai.ti .-lavn v i:ovt:rti iiumiI :it \\ iisliiniilOH ; :iikI that ciul. dircctly it indirectly, 11 11>t bo (ho emancipation of the slaves <>f (he South. Tl:o hypocrisy of thill V veal's- tin' f:i i t b 1 ii . -wc ..I' ill. : .. I...I.. MiUM* from (ho commencement <;f our union will: tin-in, show 111:11 tin- people "I' (ho iions!;ivuhuldiiig North are not, ;iinl cannot, he, M'lV associates of tin- s!;:vcliohling Smith, uml>r a <-otiiiimn (!ovi rninont. Not onlv lloir fanaticism, hut their erroneous views of the principles of five governments, ivnJi'r ii (loiibtfill whether, if seperatcil from the South, tluy ean maintain a free government amongst themselves Numbers with Mum is tin* gn at element ol free government. A majority, is infiillnible ami omnipotent.? "The ri111 divine to rule in Kings," is only lraii>ferre<l to their majority Tl.e v-ry object of all Constitutions, in free ]? [ liar t loveriiinent, i- to restrain the majority. ? Constitutions, tlierefor< acconling to their theory, must he most unriuhti < u> inventions, rcstrictimr libertv. None i m>l.i <> . hut tin1 hotly politic ought simply to have ;i |??.litic;sl organization, to bring out ami <nIVico the will ol' the majority. This theory may hi' harmless i i a small < ;unnniity. having an identity uf intere>ts am! pursuits; hut over a vast Slat*?still moreover a vast t 'mill di'rficy, having various anil eoulli'ting interests ami pur.uits. it is a rentoisile.-s ii< poti.^in. In resisting it. as applicable to rmrsilves, we sip: vindicating the great cause of lVer g A t rnment, more impurtaiit, [ "lhaps, t " tin' world, than the existence of 11 . 1 1 * - l v ' * * .11 nil1 i mica rotates. .>or in rosistin}* it ilo wo intend to dep; from (lie <:i!' in.-truisn-nt iliiy. tho sy.-teiii 't'^ovprunuMii, we liavo ,-! il-li.-hi'd with thrill, roijuiivs. In sepa-' rittii?j4 IVnin thcni, wo invade no rights- i:<? interests of theirs. Wo violate no ohliua'i< n or <lnt_\ to them. As separate, inch' pendent States in Convention, wo made the I'on>titulion ol' the Iniu-d States with thoni ; and as separate- independent Stat s, aeli State aetiuy; for itself, wo adopted it. -"< nth Carolina, :. ti:iu in !. r sovereign ea (i,;..i - -i .. . ' |>.i 11 i i i\ r> iu .->? Tl'Ul ill'lll I. H* ( niuii. She dill not part witli her sovi-rei^n ly in adopting tlio ( \?ji-titut o i. 'I In1 last tiling u St.iti" can In' pr> mined to li vo surivnilrp il is lief sovereignty. Iter s. v.-rei^n- ; \ is lief life. N. iltinu, I>iit a eleaf express jrant eiin iilieicito it. Inference lias no :>Iaee. Yet it is not at all .surprising tliat lio.se who lia\f consti tied awav all die limiatioiis of tlie Constitution, slioulil also, l?y onstfuctioii, cliiim tlio annihilation of the sovereignty "I the States. 11 jivilit? ahol slicd nil harrier.* to t!icir omnipotence, b\ heir tai tli less const ruct ions in tin- operaions of the (leiicral (!<>vi rnmeiit, it is most latural that they sliouhl endeavor to do he same towards us in the States. The1 ruth is, they, having \io!ated the express provisions of ihe < 'oust itntion, it is at an end is a compact. It is morally obligatory on v on those who choose to accept its prcvert il terms. South Carolina, deemed the compact not only violated in particular features, nit virtually abolished by her Northern eon' derates, withdraws herself :i.< a nartv from is obligations. The vijjht to d > so is denied 1 iv the No, ;hern confederates. They desire lo establish a sectional despotism, not only mniipotcnt in (Vingress, hut omnipoti ut vol' the States; ami, ;:s it' to manifest toe imperious neeesitv ot our secession, thev threaten us with the sword, to coerce submission to their rule. Citizens of the Slavohaldint; States of the 1'uitcd States! Circuinstanc s bewnd our xmtrol liiiVe placed os hi the van of the jrreal | aintroversv lift wood the Northern an.I South til States. \\'e would have preferred that >thor Slates should have assumed the position i ve now occupy. Independent ourselves, we liselaim any design or <h-ire to'lead thecounicls of t lie ot Iter Southern States. ! 'rovidenee las east our lot together, hv ext" ding over ts an identity of pursuits, interests and insti- , i utions. South Carolina desires no <lestin\ ! eparatod from your?'. To lie one ot a ureal ' l.iveholding ('onfederacy, stretching its arms tver a territory larger than any power of Kit ope possesses -with a population lour time.* greater than that of the whole Tinted States | i 11 i.: .. i . i i " 1 ? lit II i in j ?u i? iv \ ru IIHII IIKU pt'IiUi'MCC Ol IIU' I iriiiili Knif ire ? with productions which make iur existcneo more impoitaut to the world I h:m t ha t of any other people inhabiting il -- ' nth common instit>i?ii>i>s t<> defend, and com | lion dangers to encounter we a-k yoursvm- , , mihy and confederation. Whilst constituting ' portion of the I nitcd States, it has heen ">itr st.;tcsni\ isliip which has jruided it in its ii*rhty stri 1 to power and expansion. In lit field, iis in the cahinct, i/<>h have led tin- | ,'av to its renown iriviinl.nii- V...? 1>... . i ; , n " ' "" | )Vi<l the I'iti? 111, in whose scrvive y -nr great , (atcsm<*ii have labored, and your great ><>ldl'I'.s liave fought and conquered- -not for tin*, latcri.d benefits it conferred, but with the : iitii of a generous and devoted chivalry. You .1 ..J 11:?v< i iiijj: i;u i'i 'l .Mini in.'] i iivrr i. ( 11;.t( | :?11 ! :: i j l : 11; - . I r: n? i !l' '"'Jl'Mmf ; . I.;i- 1 < ! r t? -t l.yhH|| \oijt ?rtIn i n c-ihi!" <!? : 11. All iV..!< rtiity3jVSjsj ill ;ri 1 iii _ ln 'v. i ii tin; ,\.iilli :iiiil ?!: \vi- of iIn- ."-i hi li :tt : t l;i>! ill i\ i n t u1 11.i-r by i hi' : ti'i'ii di'.-tiny wliifli ?iii:tiul- I lie i\i>t cntc tail I'lc.>s!w,ws ami rapacitv ol m?'- N n t lioni j?! ? 111 > < 11 iHi:-v lift VP I" on lici-o>:iiy to 9 |1 v?.|v.* 4 r.vii 'pteyof {> p?v?'rn- ? msd nm-itt iipoti wi i !i t!.. li! .:i>- of ';i w .rid'SRa? u> | i. I. and li 111?' j ! i. \..ii for I In* trraml in!- -:..:i of \ ii?11:< .11 i11 im!. ro-e^tahlisliiu;'3 KcXj 11;fiii. Wo roi.iii-f that >(!.. r n:sti?m-- l:< iihl SmSES 1>?- s.iti?||. .! with their in-!':itt:ons. < ' ntentun'iit i> a jrri it <'l< 11 111 of ha] piness willi nat i 11 ~ as with iii<livii!ual>. Wo arc >; t i > 1.?< 1 aSa with our>. It tin;, pr<'or a s\>teiii ot in mm ? i ? 111 ^iin.i v i? | j i tiiiu i.ium 111 v' ill jut- KSfBQCg !u :l rmiliit i- .ii11 cln nil' i??n 1<< ? ]>s down the 11.(unil ii. r* .?e i.|' | { ulistiun ami HMnx :t man i> mil in ? i lit vi r- and tin* KjsraR law -<rdains tli^t ? 11i 1 11 ii bail rlci ?i only (???? I' ll hours a da\ ami t! : ' >n ami bayonet |?^ arc t 1m> instruments of ord? r lie it so. It is their a llair. not ours. We jin lVr, ln?w? vcr, I our sy.-tem of industry. 1 y which labor and I capital are i?l< ntili?*< 1 in interest, and o:i]>ital, th.-rclore, protects labor l.y which our |n]>u- I lation doubles every tw nty years -by which I starvation is unknown, and abundance clowns | tln'l:i!ul- l>\ which < ! ! r i< pros-tv- <1 I y ;tn unpsid | ..lice. :i??1 tho n;::nv fertile regions of I the world, where the I'aueasian cannot labor, art< brought into usefulnos l>v the 1 hor of the Afrienn, and tin wlioh v rid is ! 1< by our production-. All u demand '1 other people is, t i be let alone, to w ork out our own liiuli destinies I niled together, and \;< mu.?t ho the most independent, as we are ainon^tho most important, of the nations of the world. Iiiitcd to-other, and we i Kiuire no other instrument t?> compter pcaeo t'. rt our betiolioeiit productions. I'nited together, iiiul wo must b? a uroat. free and | i ? people, whose renown must spn ;d through n "lit ilii! civilized world, mid puss down, wo j ini-*, t r!:. roim Wo nsk you to B join us in fom inir :i ('on:' d racy < !' Shiwhol.I per 1'is* V triet, was lirod honor of South Carol inn.? A- the l?i?t gun was heard, the Ihig id" I. .ui.-i I tin- i in-- ol ili'1 S in;lo rn Hjghts A elation. 7'2 Camp-street, an.id tho dioers of tho nssem- V lded 111 ii11it(i'! *. A hra-s hand p'aeod beneath tin- windows struck up tho ' Miirscllnise," 1 wliii h wa> eneored. 'Tin- Iht<5 i-. like tho original flag of Ijouisi- J POlitfO of a IV 1 e . ill i > t'lMllri! tin* cm 1 t: * |ioli<v.ti. (>11 tlir soe<>ml story wiii'l'iw couM ho se6ii :i lino I Mist i,l' .1 ill u <' 'allium, will; ii Mil' h;i 1 ;t- | ! I a! -itinl ilio l'.ocii. ^ Ai'ior tin.' Ilnj! It.? ! mi1' 1 ! i it- *f t > ilio 111 er/.<\ (I'll. M ill ! .<;. Ii^. I > 1- II 1 en".-. :??! 1 r?? ? 1 I! ' or<i\\il wliii-li hail 1.1 died up < a in | i-M: I'i't IV'MH siilo i>> sid . lit- allii'li-l t In: inifiortiinci! i'l tin* cvi'iit mnih' ilio i i,otV-i"U 1' ll'.o 11 - r i t. r < !' t!io Hie.; >! I. i. I | uppcnlod i > l.itii-iana linvin;; mni,.n wnnr.^ with S inn ? ar 1 '.a. to l'atr.v' : 1. fin-i-I \ ~ 11 n I > i tlio banner ui 11.o rovoluti m. Ho was fivj'.i 'illy interrupt!' 1 by rheers. Mr. A'lams I'.illnwc 1 ami ilaiir.eil e - ?; ? r;vii m Willi Si in 111 ('ari.|ir.:i. \\ liili- \\ - write ilii- -v ! i- m'1 i : t' siroot, iiirl 1 'ii11 iierlaiins j^ree: tin- remarks whieli ai'i- in.ulii by the speakers called ;m ! i v tin- exehoil fiMwil. It is a stormy event in tin lli>t<>vy el' till' Southern 111 venient. \ U' t ),-/ .'/? ? /'" /' i 'J I . (' I. W\t ll.lt <lWV\\ 'I'lll' lll 'lllll 'll i /> ?< /,' speaking 'I' I'nl. <)wyiiii, taking e>in iiiiiml i si company I' volunteer;. savs : I i \V V llll Wii s n JiCil'llliltl' 11" W. St I'nilit nil! M-r\eil in (lie I nite.l State- Ann;, !' ;i voars. part il" wliieli time lie was onl;;itre. in 11 0> linauie innl Arlillery Corps. . i I In school el' jrunnery at I>hl I' int "in:;?j*t. i 1mt llie greater portion in tin- Mn-i'ir-er <.r| . i\ir nnwiirils el' thirty year.-- lie hits been active. Iv eiiLiiifrei] a> Civil Kirjneer. ninl <taii'l? in (lie front rank nl his | vii/i-s.si n in tlii nniry.? l ' !. t vim lias al-o 1 in tin- \ linutccr *or i.t-i i^ini i n u ni>, i i ri>1111:1:1 on ii| f 111 '1 mlM>s 1.1 ill kiiuh nl lli'lll . nidi when l|.- 1.-! 1 \ ir^inia \v;is in iMii-iiiaii 1 of tho First 1! .::111 111 of Virginia Volunteer-. In lino, ii \v 11! I !" ! Hi miit to timl anions: tin- oiti/ons of oithcr S -utli <'ar linii or \ ir^inia. iim offioet of riMjor miiitai v ox| cr'.iMJOo ninl aci|niioinont- --eortainly. none of morn calm ninl 1 fiv c 11 la ;e. ami elovatnl aiol nolilo ehniaetor. \\ itli 11: any 1;n \\!r<l^o of military matters, wo shonl.l siv that ii is o'-" the most vital iniji>rl?neo to troo;>sto ^iiothcin a Ciimmamh'r in whoso military abilities ami iml^inpiit thoy ran ivjr>?o tin- nest entire eon li loneo. Stn-li a man is t' i| tiwvim. There is no mili!:irv o.si-i i r!>. ^i,. ..1 < ,,?5. ft] in a. or anv oihor State. v hi. I> ho wonM o, t jjrrace. wliilst the rare virtue "(' 11iprivate rliaracler inn>t ensure universal e deuce and respect. \ > Timk m lit \i>- 11 ivv often d * we li?ar men excuse ilioniselv s from <i? 1 ?s??ri 1 >iIn a paper or peri . !!< ?? 1 l v sa\ in^ Iiic\ lntvo'* lei lime (n read.'' W lieu we hriir a man t!ms ex use liim-elf. we cnnel tide" lie lijif; never found lime ( > confer any xpoeial advantn eiilior ti]> >ii his family, country, or hinis. If. To lie :r a iVoeniau 11111express himself, is Imniir.iiiin'/: ind we can form no other opinion than that mch a man is of little importance tosoeietv. Such men generally have time to attend puhlio Wsii'liffUOs iiOtMinj^s, sail's and otlior plaoos. l.nt llioy liaxo " it" time t?' j'Oinl.*' '1 ln*v froii|H?ii(ly spoml whole days in ?? ?v>.ip <iii2. tippling ami swiiopincc horses, hut tln\\ 'uivo "no time t > ? < :??l."' Tin % nimct'nrr 1om> \ day in asking advice ?,!' their noi:Jihot>somoiiinos a da\ in pn-king uj news. the prices uncut ami exchanges hut they hau> "no into lo road." They have timo to hunt, to fndt, ii fiddle, to drink, to "do nothing." hut " n > hue to rrnd." Such men irenrralh liavi' unedloatod children. unimproved farms and unhappy irosidos. They have no energy. no spirit of mprovoftiont, 110 love of knowledge ; live un* < now inn and unknown, and they die un\vc| t md unrogrotted. In tin* seventh con!ury, tlic epithet "miss," ipplied to foma'vfl, was considered a term of rcproai h." SB