Keowee courier. (Pickens Court House, S.C.) 1849-current, September 22, 1860, Image 1
W1_ , - - - / - *' 1
lt - '
k K B E E J. M ifc IB lil IIBIIE B
"TO TII1NE OWN SELF BE TRUE, AND IT MUST FOLLOW, AS THE NIGHT THE DAY, THOU CAN'ST NOT THEN BE FALSE TO ANY MAN."
- ? " ' ' * ~ " * "" * ' ' ! * " " "
llOB'T. A. THOMPSON. PICKENS COURT HOUSE, S. 0. SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 22, 1860. VOL. XII. NO. a
?E!LE?Y[E!E)
?, The Watchword.
Awnke ! hearts of the South,
Vour (rust is betrayed.
Awake! men of the South,
I Vour rights tlicy inviulo
Whose lovo should brotherly bo.
A Watohword I'll giv?,^
And ft rallying cry ;
" In tho South we live.
For the South we'll dip."
1 Union ! furled be its flag
When Justice lakes ? flight,
Union, its spirit is gone
When " might makes right,"
And equality'H but a name.
^ A Watchword I'll give,
And ft rallying cry,
' In tlie South we live,
For tho South wo'll die."
Uprouso! men of the South,
In slumber you're lost,
Hand I together unite ;
Kacli man to his post,
Aggression litis pone its full length.
A Watchword I'll give,
And a rallyitig cry,
"In tho South wo live,
ll.. *11 -1!- "
I VI MIC inniiM no II MIC.
lp FOOTOOAL.
Speech of Mr- Breckinridge.
Wo find in the Now York 7tme* and Ifcvrtld
of Thursday last., an imperfect telegraphic
report of a portion of the speech of Mr.
Itreckinridge, delivered at. Lexington on "\Vednesday.
After thanking his friends for the
cordial reception they had given him, lie proeecded
to justify himself agab.st r.undry accusations
that had been brought against him.
lie niononneed as untrue, the allegation that
ho ever intrigued for, sought or desired the
nomination ; that ho ever signed u petition
for the pardon of John Urown ; that he was
ill fiivnr Ilf flnti Tiivlni- <<" ?' ? ?
- ?- ... vv?. Afjivi ?v?? viau x i wiuvruuy,
or that ho ever advocated the doctrine of
Squatter SGvercignty, and proved tlmt Mr.
Douglas occupied the same position on the
Nebraska Bill as he did, viz : to libido by the
decision of th? Supreme Court
.Mr. Hreckinridgo t'n^n proceeded to repel
tho charge of disunion made against himself
and the Constitutional Democracy. And here
we nuote from the report before us:
Mr. Breckinridge here entered into nn argument
to tdiow that Congress has power to
protect property in the Territories; and in
refutation of the position recently takhn by
the Senator from Illinois, that Congress had
naver exercised that power. Tho principles,
s;iid Mr. Breckinridge, I huve tried feebly to
vindicate hero, arc tho nrineinlea imr>n nl.w.l.
^ g - r Tv" " ,l,v"
the Constitutional Democracy stand today;
and they are the only principles upon wliicli
any human being will dare to pretend to
charge thorn with disunion. If they are the
principle of the Constitution and the Union,
th?J wo urc Constitutionalists nod Unionists.
1 I [(Vies of " That's go," ' That's sd/'] And
yet for two or throo months you have hoard
nothing but a loud and incessant clamor that
I and those Democrats with whom I am contorted
aro*a Disunion organization, who seekto
break up the confederacy of the States.?
I bard.iy !;nnw, so far as it is^a personal charge
aginst ntyseif, how to answerr it. [A Voice
?"Tell tho u that it is a lie !"] All over
tlu? country too charge of Disunion is repeated
against inc ana those who belie.vo with me,
by anonymous writers r?nd wandering o.ntors.
Their whole stock in trade in Disunion ! Their
continual cry is that this man and bis party
are attempting to break up tho Uijion of these
StatoH. Wo s.y, how can principals bo .sectional
or disunioilisi wiiiuii mo haneu otuuiiy
upon the Constitution, and tho large number
of young gentlomen who are ringing bells,
with tongues as long and heads as empty as
the bells wltioh they ring, cry ' Dissolution !;'
Disunion !" [Prolonged laughter and chccrs.]
From sources yet more eminent, comes the
information that I and tho political organiza
I lion with which I am connected, ore luboring
fur a disruption of tlio Confederacy. I do
ndt reply n?iw to what Mr. Douglas any* all
tvisr New Enghnd, in Virginia, and where
he goos, becnuso it is quite natural for a g<>n(faman
as much interested its lit! to think that
any mnri |rho opposes' his principles must bp
a disuniotiist. [Cheers and laughter.} Indc
d.. by lii? deuluriitiou we must be all diswnionists
in Kentucky, for he declares that
those who'asaert that Territorial Legislature**
have no power to oxcludo slave property, and
athat Congress should interfere for its pro^lion
nro dimminnUti. n?rt ia ^?
, .. vijhv in %Y lUHfc VIIO
wholo Legislature of 'Contttoky Bnid luHt
year. [Lout! applause 1 In my own State,
where I thought my cnr^actor and nntece9
dents wero known, ono of the oldest nud
HP ,r(ost eminent of our publio men hnn not said
SI tlnit I was a disunioni-st, hut has intiiiiutncl
B that I connected with nn orgnization
HI vrhono bone and body is disunion. I refer
Jj? to Me- Crittenden nnd to n speech ho mnde
nt Louiaviilo. 1 have kno^n and admired
Ihiin. l?as known mo. T^warda him I
liavo chorishcd, and oxpcct (,o cherish, relations
of respoctfiil and cordial esteom. Thero
are rens?Q is which, even if I hud ground for
it would prevent any but perfoct courtesy in
I m JJ. in piwaiog, paid sa eloquent trib
L to (4o|i. Lano, and contenued to Hpeak of
hiuisnlf.' Bj&TO withinnightof the plaeeknown j
Ii* Jwui representative
in thy LogiaHtnro, in CongrosH, and
other situations of ti-ust. I invito any one to
point U? anything in my character or anteccdonta
which would sanction such a oh?riro
or fOCh nn imputation. [Cheara.] I vtill
not dag>'idc the dignitv of my declaration by
(tpitho'J, bnt I prondiy ohaleng? my bitterwit
onemy to Ponrt Bn *ci> 10 dtHoloao on j
iterance, or rove#! a thought of nuiie ho*
Si tile to the Constitution or the union of tho
g ' ;'utc&. [Jioitd cfeee-*.]
ft lA Vo?OB/?" dofit/']
B' " The raarf <ioos not live who haa poyer t >
ft fwuplo my n??c micoffwfti'ily with tho .^.ghtPj
attaint of disloyalty to tho Conntttutioijlmct
Isfithe Union. [Loud appUutoJ But If thct?
be nothing in my cliaractor to justify this
accusation, what is there in the platform mid
principles upon which I stand. If in these
there is anything to justify tho*accusation it
must be in the resolutions, ns to property in
the Territories. 1 will read thorn nnd you
can judge whether they accord the position
of the Supreme Court and tho Government
as I have ehown it to-day. After reading
the resolutions, ho continued : That is the
platform and tbc*e th principles avowed.?
If they are constitutional they are not sectional,
for the Constitution is broad enough to
cover the whole Union. [^Cheers.] lie who
stands upon tlie Constitution can neither be
cwuuiiki iiui n i'i^iiiiionist. i nose principles
arc tnken almost vnrbitrm from the Supremo j
Court of the United States. They are sup- j
ported by tbe precedents and practico of the j
Government. They arc principles upon which j
we may well livo. and by which wo may well !
all bo willing to die. [Loud chrcrs.] They
arc vital, important, and they concern the
rights of person and property. They cannot
be abstract minute and unimportant, for
they concern the honor and equality of tlio
States."
Mr. Breckinridge then proceeds to show
that Mr. Crittenden voted for Senator Davis'
territorial resolutions and defended them in
a speech in which he declared that " n territorial
(Government was a creature of Con- j
gress, endowed only with tho'power conferred
upon it. by it? creator, and with no particle '
of sovereignty." lie showed that tiie principles
upon which the party who nominated I
him stood had been endorsed and sanctioned
by the Government, affirmed by the highest
judicial tribunal' in the world, voted to be
iruc oy inc iwo political parties in Kcntecky :
in 1850, assented to by both branches of the
Legislature, nml by an overwhelming malor- i
ity of tlio whole Democratic Party of Kcntuoky,
nml declared by Mr. Crittenden to be
found and true.
These are tlio chief points made by the
speaker, up to the close of the telegraphic report
for the New York papers.
In making this brief summary of the remarks
of Mr. Breckinridge, we take occasion
?W vn^.v.7a will ic^IUV 111.11/ III lllft [IHMIIIIH, 111)
considered it proper to acquiesce in the wishes
of hi? fricuds nod neighbors, to take the stump
even 111 a single instance. lie has followed a
bad precedent in thus apparently justifying
I the undignified course pursued by Douglas.
His public career was a sufficient vindication
of his own soundness, consistency and patriotism,
and the principles of his party arc so plainly
in consonance with the Constitution, and
have been so clearly expounded by the highest
judicial authority of the Government, sustained
by the unanimous action of the Dcniocratie
Hen itois?that in our opinion, the necessity
did not exist for this departure from
the wise and dignified course heretofore pursued
by Presidential nominees.? Guardian.
The Blue Ridge Railroad
To the Honorable /'Ji/icttrd (}. Palmer:
In the slow pursuit of your extraordinary
statements in your letter to Mr. Gary. L hnve
had forcibly impressed on My miud the truth
of the adage, that error ilic.s witi' the swallow's
fleetness, wliilo truth follows after at
th<! pneo of the toitoino. It is as easy as
thinking to put forth such a lettor as you huve
written, but it hikes time to collect and array
the evidence for ita refutation. Your letter is
without date, and w?s first brought to my attention
about ten days ago (by the kindness of
n irienuj, in tne fSout/i < 'iirvltniun of the 5th
instant. It was copied into that paper from
tho Ji.fv.-rlftrr, Trhcrc :t a prion r*
without any date, and 1 do not know how long,
and how far, it may have been in circulation
before I received, the number of tho South
Carolinian in which I first saw it. For an
uncertain time', and to an uncertain extent,
your unfounded statement of the excess of
the actual cost above the estimated cost of
the Blue Hippo Road, and your equally unfounded
charges against tho officere of the
co:?pany of a gross violation of tho chartor,
and of bud faith, have boon working their
mischief in tho canvass for tho oleotion of
members to the Legislature. It has taken
*>o:iio time, in conscquoncc of the demands of
other official engagements, to collect tho evidence
necessary to refute your statements nnd
oluirges, i:nd thus I have slowly followed in
the pursuit and voluiation of thorn, which, being
made by you without*your having taken
the trouble to support thorn by any evidence,
ooet you no moro lime than the writing. They
w*r? made over your own signature, and by
this assumption of personal responsibility for
the truth of them, \nu expected them to obtain
eredonco, and ? confident us well as rapid
circulation. When tho election has been dcti>rmiiiftrl
luwlitt* tU/i InfliiAHAA #1*a
roncous impressions, an after correction of
them cannot repair tho mischief which will be
tliei. past redrew,
Tho nc.*.t in tho order of your objections,
after thoao 1 have alroady replied to in former
articles, is thus made :
" I further object to any additional Ststo
aid to this road, because I am fully persuaded
that tho charters of Georgia and North Carolina
have never been seeured."
Sinqo you mention only these two States, I
will considoryou to admit that tho charter of
the road in Tennessee is securcd.
The right of way through Ooorgia has been
granted or adjusted, and paid for. I do not
know of a single ol?imnni.?3ainst the Ooropa1
ny for dsinnges. You rolpht see in tho last
report of the President nnd Direotow, thnt io
1850 forty t wo per oeui. ot the grading in that
Sin to wo? finished, nearly three-fourth? of tho
oulvort-masonry nnd bridge-masonry, twontyei^ht
per cent, of one tunnel and tan per
cant, of another. No objection is hwra to
tlio charter from Gcovui;*. On' tho contrary, |
mu jrc<?i? sun jupvuiiaiurn o/ ueorgia granted
a c^r..er to . the Hiwa^eo Krtilron<? Company
to oocwirucfc.a railroad from Jpuoktown
tolShyton. This ohnrtur w.i? violently eonU'jjtcc!.
Tt had been panned in W^too of
tfte yeor bc?ro, at?f? waa vetoed bj Governor
% jPyrff
1. '
Johnson, in an elaborate message, a pnrt of
which is appended to tho replies* of " Blue
Ridge" to " Nolunius," which were published
in pamphlet, last summer. The charter
was finally passed, over the veto, by a vote of 1
two-thirds. In this excited contest, and in 1
the Governor's veto message, no doubt was \
suggested respecting the validity of the IJlue ,
Itidge charter.
The State of Tennessee chartered a road
Ironi Puck Town (the site of the great cop- I
per mines in Polk county) to Cleveland, on
the Georgia and East Tennessee Railroad.?
From Cleveland, a direct road to Chattanooga
is finished. A letter from Dr. Andrew Young
to Mr. Price was copied into the papers a few
days since, in which he states that the Duck
Town Railroad Company were taking"active
measures for the construction of that road;
Mi immediate survey and location was ordered,
and Committees appointed to obtain releases
of the riglit of way, and to proouvo subscriptions.
Its value depends in a great degree
on the completion of the Iliwassee llailroad,
which will put. Duck Town one hundred
nnu iourtccn miles nearer to Charleston than
it is to Savannah by tho Georgia Railroads,
and save that much freight in tho carriage of
the ore to market. The advocates of the
Duck Town Riilroad have no fear of the validity
of tho charter of the Rlno Ilidgc Road
in Georgia. Nor have the advocates of the
lliwasseo Road, although their vigilance on
that subject is quickened by the fact that their
road can avail them nothing, unless the charter
of the Blue Ridge Road, with which that
road connects at Clayton, is valid. The only
possible objection which you can suggest to
the validity of the charter of the Blue Ridge
Uoad in Georgia, is one that I have heard,
viz : that the subscription to the stock of that
Company by the Blue Ridge Railroad Company
in South Carolina is unsubstantial and in
valid to secure the charter, because the latter
Company has not sufficient available capital to
construct the road in Georgia. Hut it is
plain that, by the grant of the additional aid
which is asked froin the Stnto by the South
Carolina Company, this objection would be
obviated. This is a conelusivo answer to the
objection, even if there was anything in it,
which I will merely deny, and not ar^uo, for
one conclnsivo refutation of an objection is
enough.
T,,' f?.? ~ ? -e i
, .. w>v ihiiiiu uitiil IIVII l/liu llJ^lllMUl WHY liuvc
been granted, or adjusted, and paid for, in
North Carolioa. 1 havo heard of but 0110 individual
who objected to rcloHfio the right of
way, unless ho was paid an extravagant p.-ice.
And I have heard that his conduct was so reprobated
by his neighbors that he was much
more tractable. The people of this State are
expecting, with great anxiety, the approach or
the road. Resolutions have ucen passed in
Jackson and Macon Counties for a subscription
by each of 8f)0,000. Mcasuro will he
taken to obtain the authority of the Legislature
to make the subscrption. Several counties
adjoining, and near the line of tho road,
had barbecues last yenr, which were attended
by large crowds, and they havo been repeated
this year. I have received reliable assurances
that the people of those counties will
crude #li? ?vv.,t fV.... ?l.r. w?i.
p ..VIM VHV \ m * /! j;m 11 in; im r IU1IKlin.
When I wns in Franklin, iibout six
weeks ago, I heard u gentleman say, to ft number
61' others who wore in the piazza, " You
know that 1 have offered to be one of ten who
will undertake to grade the road from the
Georgia line to Franklin"; to which they assented.
This is only introduced to illustrate
the earnestness of the people for the road.?
Itia five years since the charter was granted,
and I cnll on you to state what movement you
have ever heard of against it. In 185fi nn
ovcrtnro wns made by the Western North Carolina
Railroad Company to the South Carolina
Company to grade a common track for the two
roads down the Tennessee lliver, if the North
Carolina Western ltoad should bo so loontcd.
The State being pledged to take three-fourths
of the stock in that Company, it was neccssary
to obtain the sanction of tho Legislature. I
have before mo ft copy of tho Sonato Bill,
I printed in the proceedings of that body in-tho
session of 1850?57, giving tho sanction of
tho S'ltc to that arrangement. I have hoard
that the bill paswed. That would bo a confirmation
of tho charter.
Now, J cull on you, by the responsibility
you hltve assum !<1 in the publication of your
letter to Mr. Clary, to producc a singlo fact or
a reason to justify your persuasion that tho
ohartors of tho Gcoigin and North Carolina
Companies havu o^vcr been scoured. ' It is
preauming too much on your nuthority in
railrond affairs, based upon your cxpcrionco ns
Prosidcnt for many yours of tho Charhtto and
South Oaroi'.na Railroad Company, and it is
overloading your personal responsibility to expoct
that a groat enterprise, on which so much
moncv has boon expended, should bo abandoned
oil tho simple unsustaincd declaration
of your persuasion that tlm flr>nn?i? nrwl
North Carolina charters have never been socured,
wliioh persuasion you arc too prono to
admit from violent opposition to tho Blue
Uidgo Road, mid strong prepossession in favor
of nnotlior road.
You prooecd with your objections. " I also
object to further State nid, because the people
of Georgia havo only subscribed $8,000,
to a road which requires aid from the State of
South Carolina to at least one million, and
the people of North Carolina hnvo only subscribed
$55,400 to a Road which will require
82,830,000 to build it." All that you offer
in support of this objection is to "ask (your
friond, Mr. Gary) if over our citizcns were to
wii.C before tho Legislature, and aak nid to
railroads In tho State to the amount of that
which is claimcd for the citizens of Georgia
and North Carolina, and without having done
more than those citizens havo done, whether
t VlSt Y.ArtUiU* 't ? -? 1'? * * * *
?<u jckiiiiuiuii; nuui'j lliiv IIJW ICUSl HflC-l V)
them}" . i , ...
You ?lf.o objoct to u*y expenditure of immiey
out of fho State," bocuwM you say 2
gnat milropd spirit is manifested" in the
projection of I wo hundred and fifty mfllea of
xo/*K '* the State, to wWohf If aid were given
at tlio rate of $3000 per mile, it would amount
to 81,250,000. " Who doubts (you ask) tlint
the?e roads of our own are more entitled to
the respect and attention of the Legislature,
than oik* passing through other States?" In
the same interrogative strain you ask your
friend " what farmer, if he were asked to improve
his neighbor's or his own farm, would
hesitate as to the answer he would give ?"
These ?<! cuptnndum appeals to ignorance
i and tn'ciudiee will not nrcvnil with flif> nnnnlo
,1 of
hdgefleld District, or of the State. No
i " aid is claimed for the citizens of Georgia
; and North Carolina" by the Blue Ridge RailI
road Company in South Carolina. The aid
I which is asked is to build a road for the bene|
fit of tho people of South Carolina.
I Nor is there any pertinencc in your analogy
! of a farmer who mijiht. " be asked to improve
j his neighbor's farm or his own" and your in|
ference "of the answer he would give" in
j favor of his own.
I Tho Blue Ridge Company Joes not ask aid
I a.\. ~ cu * * - - *
ui uiu ouue 10 improve tlio Jjcorgia or iNorth
Carolina farm, but to improve the South Carolina
farm.
1 will suggest a ease much more nnalagous
to the issue than you have presented. There
are three owners of land on tho same stream,
cach having a mill site very suitable for a toll
I or mcrcliant mill, but tlic lands of two of the
proprietors arc so situated that the middle proprictor
can have no way to the public road,
' unless it be made through their laud, and
| they generously give their consent. Whore|
upon, the middle proprietor reasons sagely
with himself that he cannot make his mill
road without passing through the land of his
neighbors, and when lie reflects on the cost of
that part of the road, he is staggered by the
case you put, " whether it is better to improve
his neighbor's farm or his own," and concluding,
as you do, that it is much better to improve
bis own farm, refuses to build the road
uiucsa ms neignoors will pay tor the cost of
that part which is located over their land, because
lie cone1 ,vl"s that to uiakc the road, at
his own cost, will benefit the other proprietors.
The only arguments and considerations
i which the advocates of the Bine Ridge Road
have ever urged in support of aid from the
State, :ire derived from the" benefits South
Carolina will rcceivo from its construction.?
This you know, but still you represent to the
people of Kdg"field District the aid sought
for, and the benefits to bo conferred by the
road, as if they were exclusively for the advantage
of the people of North Carolina and
Georgia. If the people of South Carolina are
persuaded that the road will compensate for its
cost, they will not churlishly and stupidly,
like the owner of the mill site, refuse to make
the expenditure which will secure great advantages
to the State, because it will, at the
same time, benefit the people of North Carolina
and Georgia.
South Carolina cannot build a railroad to
connect its people and territory with the country
west of the mountains unless it is built
through Georgia and North Carolina. The
I.ft ? .1 rt .
win y iiiu-i'iihiivi- ipii/ i?? ooum uaroiina is either
to build a rood through those States, or not to
build one at all, and continue dependent on
their pood will for its commerce with the
Western States. If the charters and agreements
which the South Carolina company
possess should now be forfeited, it is very
improbable that they can be obtained again.
That the Jilue llidgo Road is to bo constructed
by the citizens of South Carolina
tUrough North Carolina and Georgia, is, in
all except the cost of construction, a recommendation.
The middle proprietor of the
mill site, whom I have instanced, if he would
make a road over the other proprietor's lands,
would draw custom from their mills, which,
by the location of their lands, they might have
retained exclusively for themselves. Hy their
license no. mignt inaK'c toll by nulling for a
neighborhood to which, otherwise, he could
not have acccss. Georgia has its road already
built, at the cost of tho State, to Chattanooga.
North Carolina has lately put under contract
the Western extension of tho Central Railroad
to AshevilFe, and the engineers arc now in tho
field to locnto and estimate the cost of its further
extension to Dacktown. Charleston, Uythc
Hiwapsce brancii of the Bluo RiAge Road,
can compete with Savannah, with tho advantage
of fourteen miles in distance in favor of
the former, and share tho trade, at Chuttauooga,
which tho Georgia State road has collected
at that place, and o;iii wnrrv oft' frrmi tin* Huai.
giu roiids the whole trade of Duck town and
of nil tho country between tlint plaeo and Clayton.
The proposed extension of tho North
Carolina Central road to Pucktown, will cross
the Bloc Kidge road in the valley of tho Tennessee.
The distance, by the Blue Ridge
road, to Charleston from the junction is so
much less than the distance from tho junction
to the ports of .forth Carolina, that the trado
of tli? country which the extension will ponotrato
must be drawn ov6r the Bluo Ridge road.
Georgia ami North Carolina might havo excluded
South Carolina from any commerce
wost of tho boundaries of tho State. But they
havo wisely rejected a policy so selfish and so
disadvantageous to tho northwestorn portion
_/? .1 - ft. ? * *
ui iiioso cnnics, aim iiavo permitted South
Carolina to construct tlio J*?ue Ridg^ Road,
and thereby divort tlio trade of those sections
from the territory and railroads of North Carolina
and Georgia.
The. license to mako a road over another's
laud, oven in tho oasc of privato persons, confers
a valuable privilogo, tho value of which
depends on tho use to be inndo of tho road.?
If it is a turnpike road, the measure of the
benefit is the profit n?sde by th<? owner of *he
roud. lie is thus po- aiittcd to collect a toll
for travel acd frr.ight passing over land which
bolongs to anothor. Tho freight which is
paid to a railroad oompany, to the extent of
trie nett proms, ia on impost levied on trade.
The right which the llluo Ridgo Railroad
Company?a corporation in Sooth Carolina
?lias acquired to construct a road through
the State of North Carolisa and Georgia,
confers a public us well ox a private benefit,
lfc will enable South Carolina to divert
through its territory the commerce of a iorgc
scction of those States, and cvon to participate
in the trade at Chattanooga, which Cicor- ]
gia might, with justice, exclusively claim as
the result of her enterprise in building the
road to Chattanooga, without which the other
railroads having their terminus at that |
place would not have existed. And it enables
the citizens of South Carolina, who may ,
be tlio owners of the Hlue Ridge Road, to
Iftnn ?i...:- -- : * ?- '
v.. j ivi nu n jiiijm mi iiiiuusi uii i lie traue
of North Carolina and (Jeogia. It is the j
immediate importance and value ot this
trade and its prospective enlargement (which
must bafile all conciliations) to the prosperity
of South Carolina and of South Carolina
alone, which the advocates of the liluc llidge
Koad urge upon the attention of the State
in the claim which (hey present for aid.?
I If the road is worth f.hn nnst. lnt nnf flio ?r?r?_
- ?" l'^"" I
pie of the State be dissuaded from the un- ,
dertaking by the contracted objection that
it will also benefit the people of North Curo- !
lina and Georgia. Far different from the
temper which would urge that obj tion was
the liberality which prompted the Legislatures
of those States to grant the charters
by which the Blue Ridge Railroad Company
possesses the privilege of constructing its
road in the territories of those States.
FiOWAUD Fiiost.
The Steamboat DisasterWe
have the following additional details of
the recent steamboat disaster:
Only seventeen persons are known to be
*1- - '
ouivu, iiiuiuuiiig iim uici'k, steward, aim porter.
From 350 to 400 persons are said to have
been on board, tbe Green Yagers and Rifles,
and several lire companies of Milwaukie, who
were on n visit to tills city.
At tbe time of this accident, tbe scbooncr
was sailing at the rate of eleven miles an
hour.
The steam-tug McQueen left this morning
for the scene of the disaster.
The names of the saved as far as known,
areas follows: II. (1. Caryl, Clerk; Fred,
Kico, Steward; Edward Wcstlakc, Porter;
Robert (Jore; Thomas Cummings; Michael
Corner; John E. llobart, of Milwaukie;
Tim O'l'ryan; W. A. Dnones; "Wildmnn
I Milla rwf I T TT_.i:i? ..c 1\T
v.. ujiiMiii * ijuim', ui it aupii j
II. Ingrahaui. incnibcr of the Canadian Parliament.
'J'ho son of the proprietor of tho London
News was on board, and is supposed to bo
lost.
The books and papers of the steamer are
all lost.
After the collision, the steamer floated
south to Winotka, where she sunk.
8KCOND DISPATOII
CHICAGO, Sept. 0.?Tho clerk of the
steamer Lady Elgin makes the following statement
:
We left Chicago at 30 minutes past 11, for
Lake Superior. Among the passengers were
the Union Guard, to Milwnukic, composing
part of some 250 excursionists from that city.
At half-past 2 o'clock in the morning the
schooner Augusta, of Oswego, collided with
tho Elgin, when about ten miles from shore.
She struck the steamer amidship at the gangway,
on the larboard side. The two vessels
separated instantly, and tho Augusta drifted
by in the darkness. At the time of the collision,
music and dancing were going on in the
cabin ; but in an instant after the crash, all
was still, and in half an hour tho steamer
sunk. I passed through the cabins. The ladies
wero palo, but silent, and noeryor shriek
was heard?no sound but the rush of steam
Or the surf?r> nf tho iimbu mn Wlmd.nv
O V
not they wero fully aware of the danger, or
whether their appalling, situation made them
speechless, I caunot tell. A boat was lowered
ntonoe, with the design of going round upon
the larboard side to examine the leak. There
were two oars belonging to the boat, but just'
at tliat moment somo person possessed himseif
of one of them unci we wore poweilcss to
tnanago the boat. We succeeded once -in
reaching the wheel, but quickly drifted away,
and were thrown on the bench jrt'NVinetkn.
Two boats were left on the steamer. One
of theiu contained thirteen persons, who wero
saved. The other bore eight persons, but only
four of them reached shore olive, the four
i? i < i
uinriM ueing nrowneu at the beach.
Before wo left the stoamor, the engine had
ceased to work, the fires having been extinguished.
The force and direction of the wind
was suoh that boats and fragments of the
wreok wero driven up the Lake and would
reach the shoro in the viciuity of Winetkn.?
As I stood upon the beach, hopelessly looking
baok upon the route wo had drifted, I could
seo, in the grey of the morning, objects floating
upon the water, nnd sometimes I thought |
human beings, struggling with the waves.
II. C. Clarys.
Tho telegraph givos tho names of forty-nino <
persons saved frjm the wrcoked steamer Lady ,
lOlgin, which was tun into and sunk on Lako i
Michigan on Friday lust. Among the lost is
Mr. Herbert, a member of the British'Par- 1
liumont. \
No Southerners, except Mr. Luiusdcn and
family are known to have been on board.
It is estimated that tho total number of
passongcrs aboard the Lady Klgin at the tinao "
of tho disaster, was 885. Ninety-eight of '
whom wero rescued. * '
Nearly one huudred rcaclfbd within 50 '
yards of the shore when they were drowned. *
Ninety-one bodies hnvo been recovered. (
" Papa, can't I go to tho zoologjrcal rooms (
to see tho comotnile fight the ry-no-uiree- i
hoss ?" " Sartin, my son, but don't get your I
trowsers torn. Strange, my dowr, what a j
taste that boy has got for nat'ral his'ry. No t
longer than yesterday ho had eight tomcats c
hanging by their tails to the olothes line." 1
A western editor wishen to induce a far- c
roer to subscribe to hi* paper, 'out )hb objection
was that it was not au agricultural sheet.*
The editor declared it was, and, in proof, e*. j
hibitcd au article on " Sowing Wild Oats." '
The Next Legislature.
" A Constituent," writing to tlio Charleston
Mercury, earnestly recommends the following
suggestion : ,
First: Until after the full election, avoid
even tho discussion of the modus operandi
of resistance. Second : Still more studious
iy csenow nny sucii issue in the cloctions
themselves. Third : Let every man who
himself realizes the importance of the crisis')
use his utmost efforts to make others think
and foci ns he does. And Lastly : Let all
_ iV CI? ? - 1 . *
viirm-M men in mo nuae?ict tne l'rcss, particularly,
everywhere?unite in urging upon
tins people that they should demand the services,
in the next Legislature, of their wisest
and best men?to be sent, in tho true spirit
of representative government,' uniuterested
and untrammelled, to " take care that tho
Republic receives no detriment." Who,
upon such an appeal, in such a crisis, dare
refuse ? The position rises, on occasionslike
this, to such dignity, that in the language
of Mr. Lowndes, it should be " neither pought
nor declined."
Kvcry district in the Str.to has its discrcct
and reliable men. Good sansc and integrity,
thank (Jod, arc not rare ; and ve still have
atnongs us some who arc men of' approved
wisdom and patriotism?men lit to consult on
a nation's destiny. From those two classes
should the " next Legislature '* be selected.
T ... \ Il.~ ? " -
mju* no uii\u iin3 1'igiib sure 01 men. " J/riuciples,
not men," is a dclusivo cry, and
serves b\it to mislead. As John Randolph
pithily said, "principles without men was
like love without woman." " Principles and
men " is the true motto.
It is not the man who professes most, who
answers questions most promptly, or who is
most plentiful in pledges, who is most to bo
trusted in trying times. Look to his antecedents
! Has he shown, in his past lifo, he
loved the State more than his own selfish
interest? Has he shown a sound judgement
and a brave heart ? If yea, and tho general
bearing of his politics accords with public
sentiment, it is enough. We do not ask
whether ten years ago he was Secessionist,
Co-operationist, Union man, Whig or Democrat.
Still less, upon this great Southern
issue, wiietner, in the frivolous disputes,
confined to South Carolina, ho -was Convention
or Anti-Convention. Was lie honest
then? Ts lie honest now ? And does he,
at this time, believe that submission to sectional
Black Republican rule is disgrace and
eventual ' uin '( These should be the ?nly
test questions. A Legislature thus composed,
will speak the voice, not. of a party?
not of a mere numerical majority?but, really
and truly, the voice of South Carolina.
Startm.no Disclosure !?Two White
Men and One Nkoro Arrested !?-Almost
all of our roaders have heard of the symptoms
of disaffection discovered in Talladega a week
or ten days ago, through the confessions of
a captured runaway slave. He stated that
there was in the neighborhood of Talladega
town a camp kept by an organized company
consisting of four white men and eight ncgrov,
who were industriously concocting a plan of
general rebellion throughout that section of
the State, and a certain Sunday had been,
appointed for general concerted action.?
There was updn that day, however, an incessant
heavy rain, which prevented the execution
of their design.
Since that time, a Vigilance Committed has
mwvii ui^ui .6 u tui? uuuvui^ uugngcn 111 iorreiing
out tho scoundrels connected with this
atrooious conspiraoy. On lnat Wednesday or
Thursday, Mr. Frank Lane had occasion to
oorrcot one of his boys, and after inflicting a
pretty severe chastisement, ho told the boy
that ho was not dono with him : tbcro were
several things for which he intended to puuish
him. The negro, taking alarm, and supposing
thrtt-OVcrything ha'dTiSWrdWm^,--"1
confes^jdf everything he knew. He said they
had^een told that immediately after the Presidential
election they would bo set free?that
on last Sunday a week ago they went to meet
at tho Church (we do not remember
the name) after a negro funeral sermon was
over, and organize?that Sam (a negro boy
belonging to Mr. Howard, and since arrested)
was to be their commander. In his statement
he implicated two white men?Mahan
(or Payne) and Stcdhnm. This information
was communicated to tho Committee, who
: i ni i n? n
uuiiuuuMiuucu t^uanca snony, ttsq., to conduct
tlio scheme for their detection. On
last Thursday night Mr. Shelly ropnired to
the house of Mr. Oglctrce, nenr which place
tho point of rendezvous was. Representing
himself as a Northern man, who sympathized
with the effort 10 liberate the negros (we have
been informed,) ho encountered Stcdhani,
nntl won his confidence. What he learned
lie 1ms not disclosed in full, but enough in
known to warrant tho conclusion that tho
Bvi(?cncf> is a.nply sufficient to establish tho
o< mplicity of Stcdham and Mahan (or I'ayne)
mid the negro 8am, abovemcntioncd, all of
whom have been arrested, and now await, in
Talladega jail, their examination, which will
tnko place on Thursday next.
[Sclmn (Ala.) Issue, 28th.
Is tiik Sun growing Cor.i> and Dark?
- There aro now moro spots on tho sua thKn
iiftve been aeou 'oeforo for niuiij years; somo
)f theso aro visible through a smoked glass
a tho naked eye. Several stare?som<* of
;hom of great brillianoy, which, from their as>ertained
distance, must have been as largo
is our sun?have totally disappeared from
he sky ; and the question has been raised
miong astronomers, whether tho light anjJ
icat of the pun aro gradually fading away.-?
\s this would bo ac'companied by tho desrtietion
of all the plants and animals on tho
inrfTr if '!? *?!"- *? ??*!? ?
.v in Ifivuvi mi Iiiwjrenniljjj qaCBtlOn.?
Hie snn'g light and heat in diminished by
ha dark spot# at the preseut timo alout 1 per =sent.
Th? miner lives poor to die rich, and iti the
niler of his house, and til* turnkey of hia
rcnlth.
Iflhi * ..'