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* j^ "l" ,,,>X 8,:,*P ,!K TRVB, AN" IT Ml'XT WHAMT. AS TUB ^ ..^ K??ltT THE DAV, J'l!ol: CAN'ST NOT XU1HJ UK DI.SR T<? ANV MAX." | ; BY ROB'T. A. THOMPSON. l'ICKENS COURT HOUSE, S. C. SATURDAY, APRIL V, (800. ' VOL. XI.?NO. 30 ' :r~'" 'J,,J i ni aMmaMa-niHirwftrrurii.imfn.iTrnfrii.n .TI-T? ?,>.-.? > . - < ^ .... ? ? > > ^ ... r ,, , ,, ,,, M ? , , - |||M| , ma ^ , ,, ,,, , ,, A _ , ' ' ?'?L??TiElD IPOiETlrlV, I ?0ods ili the Stutc; and thev nro H.,1.1.. l? I V.J.m .k? A?.i. n The Bible. I The holy book is nil divine, To nuin in mpvey jxiv?*?? ; Its truths nil riubnnl ami henijrn, AViMi benms of living lustre ?liino, Ami giM tlie }>:>(It to Ilonven. I Upon this life's uneven wny, As xvc are swiftly ilriven, It sheds a bright. celestial ray, J? pointn to an eternal tiny, Anil bills na strive to HenVeU. i f i ' - .. (<iiviio vi'iiK ciiiiuuw o cv IIS lull, I.iko sable rolio of even, \ If gloomy (loulits the hcnrl ap|iil, *",i\ How sweet tlie cheering necents Fall, I.ook up, 'lis bright in Heaven. , soothes flic anguish of (lie heart, ' \'y I*"1 ft,u' sorrow riven: It-* ' *Viys <1 ivine tstyeel pcuec impart, Alhiy poigohi'tl inwiml smart, A,ld VvW|,i sper, Pure is Heaven. When eav Millv Trieu'lv-.u\?l comforts ilie, ! ' How W?N/.i.? _i ' li ghows 11 oino beyond the sky, Aim bid* lls Abl.a Fiither cry ' I" ii who is in lluavcn. To who in its truth* confide, ,'K hope divine iit given! 'That I hey through grace siut.ll firm abide, And every threatening t'hirin outride, And rest, al last, in lleavcn. What though the surging hilievs roar, Wliiit tliougli liy toiupt'sts driven, Tlie raging storm will soon he o'er A ltd lllPA* sllllll rrniwli t tint ?^o/.Af..1 ^ |-v?vw.?.. nwio Where shines llic light of Heaven. And when (be earth is veiled in gtoftin. When nioublering graves are riven, Then risinjr from the opening tomb, * Arrnye.0 in life's immortal bloom, Willi songs nscettd to Heaven. j poirrmAi., F I'd j n the Vnrkvillo Enquirer. To the PublicMessrs. J'Jilitors: You will ulensetlo nio <b?> kindness to publish the letter which J send you, front lion. C. (1. .Meinniiiijror, giving hi.s opinion ami construction of the recent act of the legislature, granting license to itinerant salesmen or traveling a fronts. This Act has produced nutch unnecessary cxcitc.iucn/ from its supposed ambiguity. Hut I hope, for the good of the disti'i t and the | State, that the opinion of one so dis?',,<*>tishcd, as a lawyer ami statesman, as Mv. Meiuniin-'cr, will satisfy the. public that i'ic Act, insti d of being injurious, will operate to the lye^t, . .iferesl of South Parolim*. The recent Act, us its name and meaning import, was intended to reach a class of persons who for a number of years, have visited our State with sample* nnd patterns of goods , manufactured at the North. ]?y exhibition of these patterns or samples, they sell, without paying any t;ix, goods and Articles identical with those which onr merchants and citizens return to the t;\ .-collector, as taxable property. And by coining in contact with our peculiar institutions, they avail themselves of t he opportunity to excite the slaves to in.subordination and insurrection, by means of i incendiary pamphlets, &e. Against such a J ( lass. T sunnose. i?<i imo Snmlw..,! 1.1 i? ? I I ) *"' v> y?v yvuvuiUII nuUlll itate to pass the severest laws. They are de-> signated, in the words of the Act, as having tio permanent and established place ot' business and stork of goods, within the State, out of which a tax may be levied. To reach tlunn. we now require that thev shall nay for a license, and {rive security that they will pay the tax on the amount of goods sold by them; and that they will not interfere with our negroes. T n epo !iri> tlir> Iwn nnnilitlAno ?!? ? _ _ _ . v > t'li'iiiivnio 171 ft IIVI Mil I II IK-.y from which its spirit may be drawn. How then can it apply to the produce of Virginia ntvd N. Carolina, such as corn, flour, wheat, tobacco, oats, potatoes &o., upon which the Legislature imposes no tax '( And, how can it apply to the people of those two Stales, who are equally interested with us in tUn maintaiuance and strengthening of : it) institutitiii of slavery '{ The ambiguity in tho Act, if any exists, consists in tho construction of the words, itinerant salesman or traveling ngont, as distinguishable from tho words, hawkers and peddlers, against whom a law was passed in 1813, nnd to which tho recent Act has no oonncotion or reference. Under tho Act of * lO'iit. J * *' #o*o, a person, to opconie a Jiawker or pod? dlar must bo a resident of tins .^tatc ten years, and take out, nt. the rato of til'ty dollar*, a license to trade in each district of the i^tato. })ut this Act ttv^S not apply to tho class of porting contemni* ted by tlto Act of tlio last Legislature*, Ifuucc Mu> ueocssity of an Act rer.ebiup: jtlju ogent? of ? onsca in Northern citu*, ttc'll'wg gowbi hy nawpi. a or patterns in r>lll' *kt Ho oonCdflitfc uni T of if* want (A ??t p'ioii-1 tiou to our neighbors ??t" Kovth Carolina ui. 1 ' Virginia selling their produce it our markets, thot during Court Week, laneouragod a Tobacconist to retail in tbo usual way. by pri?uiiHi?g to iudemnify, iu the recflut Act. Ho retailed until bin stock was exhausted.? i i ~ ?i? - > * * x imvu tiiui in <t I.'OIMH!ilonu, ^ivou my vlo\v? of tli.o AOfc, mid refer your rotidorn to ^hc letter of Mr. Memmtymcr. Uospcctfully, Yonr?, n. o; MoCaw. fOL. MKMMINOKK'h t.BTTKlt. ('HAfir-KHTON, March 9, lNOO. My (Jenr Hir: I h;ive just reocived yoarn of the 5th in which you roqucwtniy opinion ;i^ thp effect of tho Act of tho last iSoiwioii, Upon the citi'/.oniB of North Carolina and Vhi/niin. ifli/l lnirtrr inrn nnr fnr ?uli? ILM. rt'ifv r>?r- ~ '""" corn, fiour,' tobacco uiiu oilier pr6tiuoij}. 'j'lfp Act seems tp bo very swooping in its provjt?inn8, because qf its psing tlio general forms fithor po??ond " mm! " otliorwixo.'*??' Hut tljp contort $howa tlia^ ilio?o words ^re really to t>o construed in a limited X Three fouture? apo n$t}ed to these '' otheVjxir ons." to coinnloto the description. 'Jhoy jjfiyc no jMjrmanent j>!?c<iof no mock pay a (ax. The wolds arc, " It shall not bo lawful for any petty chapman, itinerant salesman, travelling agent, or other person, not having any permanent and established place of business, and stock of goods within the State, out of which the tax may bo levied, to carry on trade and make contracts f*>r sales, by means of samples or patterns, or otherwise, without first procuring from one of the Treasurers, as herein provided, a license to carry on such trade as itinerant salesman." These persons are required to apply for a license, and the terms of application and of the license add other features to the description. Tilt! nniilienuf limit i!<?f ?--?!? ' -I" _ j j v v-v vvii< <i uvrsui i j)* tion of his trade. The license must specify tho nature ?f the tratfe, and the bond which is required is " conditioned that ho will make a true return to the Tax Collector of the district in which the sales may ho made, showing the amount of the Tux to Ac j aid by him for one year from the date of the license, and will pay such amount as soon as it may become due, ?c." Th ?se provisions imply two things: f.rst, that the party is to engage in itinerant trade; secondly, that he is to sell Something upon which a tax is laid. The lirst provision, j therefore, limits the general words " other persons " to persons ejnsdem t/eneria with the | chapmen, itinerant salesmen and traveling agents, with whom they arc connected. The second provision turns us to the tax Act, t<> ascertain upon what sales the State has laid a tax. There we iinil that an express exception j from taxes is made in favor of " the products , if this State and the unmanufactured prod| nets of any of the United States or Territoj ries." This exception embraces the identical | products which form the subject of your enquiry ; and the tax Act of last year in rclsiI tion to the tax imposed on sales both bv per inanent and transient persons, uses (except as to amount) the same language which has 'been used in preceding years. No new tax has been laid, and if tiio products to which you refer paid no tax last vear. thorn i? >?> ground for holding them liable this year. It is equally minutest that the parsons intended to he reached hy the act are of a peculiar character. They were to he of the intincrant class mentioned in the title of the Act. Prom such, mischiefs have been found t<? arise, am' the law intended to guard against these, lloforc these itinerants are permitted to have free access to our people, some of our citizens must answer for them. lint to ! Illir own t>lMcrlilir?i'0 >> !"> 1 ..-11! .. ...... mitv ueen selling us their agricultural products for main* years we would offer the kindest hospitality. If the words of the Act be .strained so as to embrace them, thev would reach our own planters selling tluir own produce, and would make unlawful even an ordinary sale of a horse, or negro, or any article or commodity. I am, therefore, of opinion that the Act does not extend to thy wagons which bring to your village for sale flour, corn, tobacco, an -7 I i'ples, potatoes ami other products from the ueighborinjr Stages. Very Truly, Yours, ('. (J. Mkmminm-.r, Col; 1?. (J. McC'aw, Yorkville, ?. C. Tnk Mkxican Dinneri,tv.?The special Washington correspondent of the New York Times says : It is the impression here, and it lias gone abroad, that the capture of the two Spanish steamers by our naval forces is an act of war A|o\i<.r? nnil that it will he relented by the nation, or a part of it at least, as smb. This iiiiDret<sion is altn?M>tlmr orwinM'i,~ . ....... j uv; capture of tlio two steamers is a death blow to a tow thousand priest8and capuchins, with Mons. (iabriae and Don Miguel Minunon. They will be furious, but powerless for hostilities siguiiist the United States. The. Mexican nation hate tho Spaniards and everything connected with them, and they will unite in gratitude to the United States for interposing in their bu'.isilf, and capturing the piratical crnft fitted out by their ancient enemies to crush their liberties. This act on the i>art of our naval forces in the (lulf will do more to give us power mid influence in Mexico than ye?irt? of ordinary friendly intercourse. The correspondent of the Tribune telegraphs the following : The Cabinet had a profrocted .sitting to-day, at which the capture of the Mexican steamers and prisoners before Vera Cruz, was much discussed. Tho Adllli IIIKl rill inn iu u?'.ll ...... UI|1I pcrplexcp how to oxtncate itself froni this <1 ifiieulty. If a charge of piracy bo sustained, two hundred prisoners must bo lmnpr. If not, then our officers committed a wauton act of war. In all the statements of this affair, mnde on our side, for the Mexican version has not yet been received, it. is alleged that tho reason why Capt. Turner fired a shot ahead of l\l? fin'# steamer watt because lie refused to show hi;< colors. Tlie colluHion occurred by tnoonlig,.4 It is well known tlint no inan-of* war 1iok.<m lii? nftor night, thus destroying the oft ly /?Cfext upon which tins belligerent uct was tnt'to^rC'tyy justified. Besides, both of Marin s Stengel* ,7Crc at anchor when attacked.. ' Why en 3I(!orr BfcAt:TY fn I'oi.anj; ?? " UdoatHc," says Bayard Taylor, " li^rc girl? do not. jump from infancy to young ladynJod. They nro not scut from the ci'adlo to the prtr-, lor, to dress, to git still end look pretty. No, they are treated na childron should ho. Paring childhood, which extends through a period of several yesra. they nfe plainly and loosely dressed and allowed to run, romp nnd play in the open nir. They nro not loaded down, girded a Unit, nnd oppressed every wny with countless frills and super-abundant flounces, so u/t to be admired for their clothing.? Nnr nr<> rniiilmfld ilnliflnU r. 4, - VM M^r|M |M.irby eontimull stuffing c'aftdieg find awcot c'akcs, n? are the majority of tlio Amcri<i;>Vi children. I'lhilT, 'inii|>i<! foou, free miu >..i, and an t utynidwce of Hunobitie during the wholo period of ohlldhpod, WP thp *corefa of Vcnuty"in after lift," r ; , 1 p* The Blue Kidge Railroad -Shall Anderson , District be Taxed' At the last session of our State Legislature J nil act was passed authorizing the Hoards of , Commissioners of Hoads for certain Districts j to submit to the decision of the people of these Districts whether they would sanction ; a subscription by tlieir respective Hoards to ' i the French Broad and Blue Itid^e llailroads. 1 In this act was included the District of An-| I dorson, and the Hoard of Commissioners antlinri'/oil n? nluivrt i/v .....b-v .. ?\ ..^..uuivatimui iw iiimjvi; ii PUDSCripilOll in certain form to the 1 >1 in; Uidgo Railroad, I alter submit!ing tlie same to the tax payers I and receiving tl*e assent of a majority. This act has been published in our columns for two consecutive weeks, and we 'ope tliat each citizen interested in the matter has I fjivo.n the subject proper consideration, and icllcctcd upon the expediency and propriety of this Pistrict uniting with Pickens in ( another eft'ort to secure the ultimate coui. plction of an enterprise which will assuredly { conduce largely to tlie prosperity of this scc! tion; i I ii bringing this matter to 11; > ' tlor.tion of our fellow-citizens, we may Vie allowed the i indulgence of a few remarks of a personal ] nature. We are. warm advocates of the Hlue llidge Road, and have contributed our mite to ils success since the lirst agitation of the i enterprise, and in endeavoring to nr?n? imnn tho District the necessity of tin: contemplated ! subscription, we do so in the eanlid belief ; that tho stop is both politic proper. And | in deference to older and more experienced brads, we might have waited for others to take tho lead. Hut they have failed to nt the ball in motion, and with our convictions of duty we eau no longer be silent. If we succeed in tie effort to enlist action, well enough ; . if not, we are content with having performed our part to the best of our ability. It is true that Anderson has already done , much lor railroads ; her energies have been t stretched and her purse at one time almost ex i hansted in bringing the iron lior.se to her o\yn doors, and it may be said to h< r lasting honor j that hor citizens have never fagged in their I efforts to placo themselves in speedy corinee, lion with oilier sections. J?ut can there not i arise a necessity for herniating still greater | sacrifices and using other means to accomplish results which aro desirable ? W e be| iicve so, and that such ac tion is now called for j even at her hands. Let us examine the | facts. j The late fce^ishiturc, after a close and spir | iie?i struggle between friends and opponent-:, j mado on impropriation to tlio lllne Judge : Railroad, lor the purpose of completing tlie Pioail to Walhalln, conditioning that all work , beyond that point be suspended. This condition has been complied with, and while, the work between Pendleton and Walhalla progresses most favorably, it is a matter of the deepest regret that the nwignif.ccnt contracts beyond tho latter point are now abandoned and the laborers idle. This regret is manifesn.l .... 1 1 1 . v. v.. it.um, iiuu among ourown citizens there is no little auxicty as to the l'uturc prospects of the Head. Something, then, must. l>e done, that tlie extensive contracts already forsaken may be resumed at an early day.? What should that action be ? The Legislature, a* fiv.it stated, passed the Act which authorizes a subscription, and with the conviction that these two Districts of Anderson and Pickens should manifest their confidence in the Koad before returning to Columbia and .">? ?!;!;;= ..id tho "'! -? *jj? spirit, if we are not mistaken, in which the project oi subscription l?y Districts originated. It' thore was, then, a fouling in the legislature at the hist session to induce the Districts more immediately interested to attest their faith by their works, it has spread rapidly over the State and all eyes arc turned towards the mountain District, at this time to discern the result there. Nobly arc her public men battling for the cause, and we trust and believe that a glorious triumph awaits them. How stands the cause with Anderson ? ft is well known that she was coupled with her I nioivi 111 mis ran\m<r project to ensuic the completion of the Rbio Ridge Road, but j nft yet there box been nothing done looking to Action. Shall this continue and our Reprc- | aontatives be expected to again supplicate aid i from the State '( This is the question, and i wo press it earnestly upon the attention of our follow-citiz'ens. We take it for granted, having heard few expressions to the contrary, that the District is almost a unit for the success of the lload, and if there be such strong sentiment, in !?? fnvnv ,w.? ' ?- -- v?j ?? ?i ) uw u'uiu iu AW> i lief now, wljpn success is most needed. Sonic wo are aware will object to taxation for the purpose indicated : but this thing of ' taxation " is a great bugbear with manv, and the more mention of the term is enough to frrgbten timid souls like them out of their boots- Vet when wo come to scrutinize the taxation which a judicious and guarded snbcription would entail upon the people, the whole subject asrtutncri n more comely form and indeed tcvejilrf more of the .spectral shapes whioii are at first conjectured. It is not our < * *i.s? ? ?- * * .v,.. ui mm i.)I'm iu consider the taxation necessarily ensuing from n l>istrict Hiil>scri|?tioii in the way and manner indicated bv the Act we have noticed, and we reserve until another time nn examination of tho facts involved r>nd the legitimate inferences to be drawn therefrom. Other*, in (he sheer spirit of domngo^HeiMn, will utter nn;)thoinftfi against' the schema because It will draw from the pockets of the " dear people," and in the mime bruath will loudly proclaim their willingness to niufcc individual Suhserintion to the enterprise. To DIIAK U. ' ' ' -? " r-mvi.. xrv iihvo uumuig w onor. convinced that they nvo inpinocro nllkc in their profcgsiuHs of rtlgnnl fur Int'.t nci^liborH and ihoiv fliondBhir. for the Kond. There will doubllops bo other objections ftro ft? oflflily disposed of.? Of pnothitipr, hawover, wo feel oertnjn, that no unprejudiced, reflecting man will dcuidc ny.iii. -t tlni suWription aftor hearing the Mi. \-Y I v^TsV|';'?? v v"* . ? * T'K -;v ' ';'%*$<$. ' .'l ' * m ** ' * * v\ * * * * * / , # ^ ? *'?*' * * ? morons Arguments in its l'avor. The question hei'o arises, wliotliov the. people of this District shall hav^he opportunity of houriu?5 full discis sion Shying the canvass now shortly to ? \\ c think they shoiihl, a ml that fch< ?eral Board of < *mumis.sionors shou<1 inilu a meeting forthwith and resolve, it in their judgment wise ami proper, to submit the subject to the people. i for decision. Tlie District will then he thor- . oiijrhly canvassed and tljo arguments broujrht j forth to show the feasibility and importance j of the subscription. W'c. may safely promise i this, from the fatt that there a;e ^entienicn | in our District entirely eompetont to urpe ; this cause and wlio have been prominent in behalf of the lllue l\idj>e llailroad since its j inception, while tliere are others willioar and possessed of sufficient ability to lend a stromr j lurlj.iiicr luniil. l'rnni tl.o Suiitli Carolinian. The Next President At no period in 'ho history of the Uepublio j j has the election of si President hcen so impor- ; 'taut to the country. On it depends, in a j jreat incisure, the pence, if not the existence, of the Kcderal liovcrnuieiit. Throughout the ; Southern Stales, in Congress, and in ninny of the Northern States, the American people ' have been forewarned that the election of ;i j lilaek Republican to the l'r< .-iilency of the I t'niti fl States would be the death-knell of the i I'nion. If not, it would be the dishonor and , destruction of the slavehohlin?r States. No | . ...i? i ..11 i w,iii mi) Miuuiu in: insouMLiic lu tlifi.30 alnvininu i predictions. or heedless of their consequences. ; All should rxtiito in time, nml harmoniously I stlutriilo to avert. y=?? ?lrc::clt>nl a calamity. On tlu! Democratic purty depends tlie salvation | of tlie country. Their action in the Charles' ton Convention should he wise and prudent, I moderate and eonciliatory. Tiny should strive, t > keep the South united in such a course of I ; action as will hrilit? over to thcin the conserv- | ; alive portion of the North. The Northern ' i Democracy have always heen our allies?they ' ! were such in the formation of the (Joverninenl ; ! ?they were found united wWli 11"> : < I tlio overthrow of the fust Northern President 1 j ?tiny were the supporters of Jefferson's nil- j ministration?in tlio war with (Iroat Hritain, | I they were foil ml on tlio. si?lo of their country, | ami in opposition to the dominant power of! the North?they wore tlio supporters of ?J sick ! son's administration, til'.' < ppom nts of a Hank, internal improvements, and a hijih tarilf? j they have over stood hy us, ami nobly fou?rht our liattlos in the slavery controversy. No section of the ( nion has produced a more na! tional, unseltish and fearless juirty than the ; Northern Democratic party. 'J'licy have proved themselves entitled to our confidence and l.oiir gratitude hy their adherence to the letter I | and spirit of the Federal Constitution. j Iii the selection of a Presidential candidate, I I it is tlie duty of the Charleston Convention to ! j cast about for one who will be acceptable to ] the entire National Democracy, and who will I administer the (Jovernment in strict conform- I I ity with tlio Constitution. Xo ultr.i man, of I narrow, sectional views should be thought of in connection with the nomination. Is lie j ' sound on (In: slavery question, and .disposed i j to carry out the guaranties of the ConstitUj tion '! is the lirc-t and important question to be 1 considered. The South aslcs nothing more i from any one on this subject than a strict con- j ! strnction of tin1 Constitution, which irives to j us equality in the Territories, the rendition of J fugitive slaves, and the enforcement of the i nrinc-iiilcs ost;ilili.clii>#l !.? ii>?.i j: .j ( . I un lUillUillil | HUTliiry I i iii the Died Scott decision. The nominee oi'J j tlio Charleston Convention must ho n Demoj ernt standing on tlie J 5a hi more jiikI Cincinnati platforms, which cover the entire creed of tTic Democratic faith as heretofore proposed. | Tie must he a man of ability and experience ; in tlie affairs of Government, known to the American people, and enjoying their confidence as an honest, wise ami patriotic statesman. The three last Presidents have been tal<en i from the non-slaveholdin^r or Northern States, j i The South, ns slaveholding States, have now j n til IIIU UtMIIIMiUIOIl 01 tltC I >CII 1 OCriltrtf* ('(invention. The strength of the Democratic party lies in the Southern States. No Dumoeratio nominee for the l'rcsidcncy can expect to fret the vote of inoro than four or five of the .Northern or free States. As in the d.iys j of Jefferson n?!f? .rnchson, tlie South is the j head of tlie Democratic party, and entitled to i have one of licrsons at the head of the (>overnnient. If the South will unite on an acceptable candidate, and present his name to the Convciifu.ii ilw ?,..v ^luiun ill J'UIllUVNtlJ >v 111 cheerfully unite in his nomination, and it id believed lie would bo move likely to unite in bis support the conservative portion of the North than any Northern man who can be selected. Already the on hie of the Honorable Tatnes Ij. Orf has been freely spoken of by the Northern Democracy i" connection with the Presidency, lie is well known to be the second choice of the friends of Douglas, Lane | and Dickinson, ft is hdicved that lie will bo > preferred to any other Southern man by the i Northern nomocracy. If finds tlmt he cannot secure. the nomination for himself, ho will enist tin; wholo of his .strength 011 Col. Or?, in preference to those (Southern men who have been making a tiel'oeniul vindictive war on hinr, at homo and in Congress. The strength of Doujtfln.^ will be greater than tlmt of nny.other candidate in the Chaihwton Convention. l.nt if *w'l '" * )> > t O'.. -- -- ..... i\/u u\ runu icm, III IIIIV f event, to Beeflro his nominating. The Snutii will not accept hiin as their candidate at the onfuing flootinn Fpur years hence they no dotibb will ltnil hlsr election and do all they isi>M to accur'c it. His sins by thut time will bo forgiven .wo nt tho South, lint for his opposition to JJ^eluman rind his errors on the Kansas question, lie would have boon, nt this time, iho candidate of the South by uccl&mn- j tion. The personal rcbitionn between Col. ()rr and Doughs huve been kind and moRt inti- ' mate. Tho Colonel differs with hfm in his ponottQT bOvcroignty, but this dififoronco of opini' lias produced no alienation of feeling I netween tliuiu. Although Douglas cannot himself secure the nomination oi' the t.'luivIohton invention, lie can procure the nomination of a Southern candidate, and will do ?o. Col* Orr liarf already tilled the third Inches' oflieo in tin' Amerieau Kepublio with ?li^tin- : i?uishcd ability- No statesman since Henry Clay has ever left the Speaker'.^ chair with a broader and more enduring popularity than Col. Orr. Whilst he tilled that arduous and llinvt t'f?cnni\oil.lr? -V.-. 1 1 ...... ... ......o....v uiuv:<j, iiu uvnict'it administrative talents of the highest order, united with a stem integrity which was never questioned by friend or opponent. Jlurinir tenor twelve years which he .served in Conjrross, he was, beyond all (|uestinn. the most popular member of tlie House. IIis jjront wisdom and prudence, bis kind and conciliatory luanmns, undo hint fiiciids with all who have associated with him. In tin- North and in the West he is iH'\v reaping llic rewards ut' this personal popularity. It is not proposed to review the life of C'ul. ()rr. I !e entered Congress a very young man, the friend and protege and representative of Mr. Calhoun-?a States Right Democrat?and he has consistently adhered to his faith throughout his long and h;illiant career as a statesman. His speeches in Congress, on all occasions, evince great ability, wisdom, putri- I otis-m, and prudence. lie was able amongst tlu: ablest in debate in the House of Representatives. He is favorably known to ibo whole American people, nnd his antecedents i leuve a pure record. I! isspecelics throughout 1 the Nc w Kiiirland States, some years sinee. in ! con;puny with Doufjlns, were highly lauded hy the I >emocratic press ibr their wisdom and I sound political views. In the Southern States, : | his talents and public services are everywhere I appreciated. All the aspirants for the I'rosi- | deney in the South are his warm personal and j political friends, and his nomination would be entirely acceptable to them. It is believed I that no one could be brought forward for tin- I Presidency wlio would unite so entirely as Col. Orr the diseordaut materials of the great Democratic party. lnder those circumstances, the duty of j South Carolina is clear Let her present the j name of this distinguished son of hers to the 1 Charleston Convention, at a proper time, as a | compromise candidate for the North and the South, the Kast and the West. Let the con- > YOUtioi; in Columbia so instruct their ropre- I ! sentativesin the ('harleston Convention. Wei j have an opportunity of giving to South Caro- , j litia a I'resident of the Cnited States ; a l'n-s- ! I ident who will unite the Democratic party, ; and command the respect of the nation, save I dm i> " 1 ... ...i.i.n) i/i nit m |>uoi;e, anu see lliat I lie j Covermncnt is administered on Constitutional : principles. A Dkmocuat. j Sknsiih.k.?OIci (iVncral Dcthune, of llio Columbus Corner Stone.?as staunch and as true anion as the whole Soutli can produec,? thus speaks of the much abused Senator from Illinois in the course of a reply to the Columbus Kn<|uiier: ' Our neighbor is at fault about our being out for Douglas." We arc out for nobody, j and dotl'l intend to be until there is somebody j who is out lbr ,l Free Trade and Direct Tax- j atioii.". I ]>ut one thing struck us as a little remarkable There is not si man even in the South 1 that the Black Hepublieans bate as they do ; Doujilas. Tie lia.s fought tlieui as ably and as j openly as any man in the country, and has | done them more harm. The Opposition men i ot ihe noutii hate mm ih.ru ill' y d?> ! | any other man, and the Democratic leaders j and office seekers of the South have levelled I all their batteries against him. How and why is this ? The IJlack Ivcpub- j lieans linte him because " he stood square up io the South " in opposition to Congressional intervention, and in favor of the repeal of the Missouri restriction. The Opposition hate him because he is the most prominent of the I party now in power; and the Democratic lea- ' 1 i'-. ?1 uers n?r uic same reason, because lie stands in their way for (lie succession. We have heretofore had very little to say about Douglas and Squatter Sovereignty, simply because, a? we have very often said, wo consider tin; whole negro question a humbug and a nuisance, a thing gotten up and kept up b)' politicians and oflice seekers to keep the people from looking to their real rights r.nd their real interests. Slavery is stronger than all men of all parties ; it will go where if I pleases, and where it don't please to go it can- ' not be forccd." Novi r. Akimv.m..?In a visit to the South Carolina Kailroad Depot, Friday morning, we were somewhat agreeably surprised to notice several freight, cars of the (Jeorgia Railroad. lrnnii inquiry, we learned that these cars had been allowed to pass through by the eourte.y of the City Council of Augusta, without break- i ing bulk, as usual, for transhipment. '1 hoy contained freight from points West of Augusta i puch as Memphis, Nashville, Atlanta, \e. Wo trust this is nil auspicious beginning, j which will bo uttended with the happiest re- > suit to both cities. Two of thorn were immediately froifihtod up for Memphis, and another ear of the Houth 0(1 rolina Railroad was fivigbtod with tho steam fire cngino \vhii h lately arrived , here fur Memphis, nf- reported in the Courier. rut. . ... i uc mini to winch these woro attached departed on Friday afternoon for Memphis. 'J'lie time, labor and expense Kflvcd by nn arrangement, such as that proposed in tlic construction of the Augusta nnd Mncon Hail- J road, appeal strongly to our city in behalf, of the, aid sought for by the late delegation j from Augusta and Macon to Charleston, nnd which wc have" before reported in tho Courier. By that arrangement, on tho construction of tho Mncon Road, all freight from the Month and South west, for Chf.rlosi.,?. ...:u " 1 I'"- mrongn, without chnugo of cars, to its distillation. [C/turtrsftm Courier, 24ti iW. One good turn deserves another. The 3few State Capitol. Or. Clarke, the editor of the Wii'sboro Uegister?-has just returned home from a visit u this city. He makes tUo following interesting notes upon the progress of the New State House: I'nOcr the auspices of the skillful and ingenious architect, Mr. ISiernsicand the able financier and systematic Commissioner, (Jen. last. Jones, this magnificent edifice is steadily rearing; its massive and statelv DronortioiiK. ami ere long its gleaming spire will tower in midair: the construction of the third story has already been entered upon; ami when completed, this stupendous mass of granite will vie with, if not surpass, any building of the kind either in the New or Old "World. The iiuted columns, a/Co rHicuv cornices and ornamental plates of marble for the interior are being traced with a masterly hand, and foretell its future grandenr and beauty. The majestic pillars, which will decorate f's cxte; r, and support its ponderous verandas (thus serving as lit. should e?iviron the pillars of State to protect its freedom from the assaults oO r i! * * * iunaileism ami secure its t'ontsitution against the intriges of demagogues, ami the sacrifico of honor and glory of country to f>elf-agprondizemeitO will lie sixty-four in number, thirty feet high, and are of solid granite, costing from fifteen hundred to twenty-five hundred dollars each. One of the leading mechanics of the department of sculpture informed us that it required double the time to work up granite as marble, and that the mechanics, all of whom had been accustomed to marble, found it so laborious at first, that they thought seriously nf returning to their homes, after undertaking it. Tin; completion of one whole pillar would occupy :i single workman nearly three years; allowing him three dollars per diem, the assessed value of a pillar being twenty-live hundred dollars. The pillars for the interior are to be wrought of Tennessee innrble, which is very rich; tindesigns for tin: interior, carvcd of white marble, jepresenting cotton, blooming and bearing, growing, and oponed boll, is truly beautiful, and finely executed. A Slum ll'IS iml l.rvrvn --- ' . _ | * Mv v.il vvuci i DII 1110 ground with an engine ami appertenances for sawing slabs of marble, a novel proceeding to us, and must prove interesting to the curiously disposed. 1 here may be some, who from antinnitcd notions, mercenary principles, or want of State pride, condemn the expenditure of money in the erection of such buildings, as foolish and extravagant ; we appreciate and admire the spirit which actuates a Legislativo body in rearing such temples to their countrv ?such nri! indices of civilization ami progress, (ho greatness and tlie glory of the Nation ; ami ail that we have t<0 condemn in the South and South Carolina i.s, that, while they an; creeling such monument*, they do not. make provisions for holding and enjoying them. <!cncrations upon generations shall have sunk into the grave, and other noble edifices crumbled to the dust, hut this monumental mass of granite will stand, an emblem of Carolina's hopes and aspirations ; it may be a monument, of glory or shame ; of ulorv should siie maintain her position as a free llepublie; of shame, should alio continue to prove recent ti> her dutu%s and constitutional rights; and it' the latter, it may at least serve as a beacon light to posterity whereby they may know what once she was ; and read therein, that the greatness of nil nations must perish, when they cease to worship at the shrine of Liberty; that, unless awake and wi tching, tho Palladium of their country will be lust. ?? ? A Pk'ti'hk of Nkw VoitK City.?Of 11 .">,080 families residing in the city of New Vork, only 15,01)0 are able to enjoy the lux ury ot an independent homo; 11,362 other families live i:i comparative comfort; two in a house; 4,11G buildings contain three families each, and yet do not conic under the head of tenements; and the 1 1,005 dwelling houses which remain, are the houses of 72,3<)K families, being an average of seven families. or thirty-five souls,to each house. Hut this is only an average. In the eleventh ward, 118 rear liou.-cs (houses built in ihe lv.wl.-u -l? i ' ~ * 1 ' ' v? uw|; iui.", nun separairu oniy 0y ' narrow ;?rid necessarily dark ami lilthy court from Hie front houses, which ore idso " barracks,") contain families or nonrly lf> families, or 70 souls each ; 24 others contain 407 families, being an a vera pre of 80 souls to each ; and in another ward 72 such houses contain no less than 10 familu s or 95 souls caeli. This seems shocking. Hut this is by no means the worst ! There are fj80 tenement houses in New York which contain, bv actual count, 10.05J3 families, or about 85 ppv?nn5< c;icli; H>S ?tliei.s, which necommo(hr.>' 1 I 1 persons <rncli ; 71 other*, which cover I 10 each, ami, finally, 29?these must bu the most. profitable?which have a total population of no less than 5449 soul*, or 187 to each house ! That part of Fifth Avcnuo which holds the chief part of the wealth and fashion of Now York, haft an extent of about two niuos, or, counting bot.li sidcn of thcstroet, four miles. These four miles of stately ?J cos arc occupied liy four hundred "fnmilies ; A while :i single block ot' tenement houses, not J two hundred yards out of Fifth Avenyc, con- J tains no less than seven hunbred families, ot* * isouis ! Such astounding fitetk ns these, the industrious Buckle of tho yonr HOOO, in- ] tent upon a history of our American civilian- i tion, will quoto to tlio croakers of thnt day ] ns Slltnnlo8 of mil' mnr>?^f?n?V> V-.r ..... vii.iiiij numtrisiu. " An," said nn Kiiprlishnmn tho other *h?y, u I belong to n country where the si\? never sets." .'I " And T," paid n Yankee, " brlot.g to ? country of which there enn he no correct map?it grows no fn*t that. i-ut\*cyovx cra't 1 keep up with it." j i tiIbBI