University of South Carolina Libraries
mu ,<-1 -.iT^r i'V i. TBB ??EIJ02JL ROBT. A. THOMPSON, Editor. TERMS?$i.XO jior annum, in advance. IT payment bo delayed until nficr the v.vnirntion of (he yei\r, S'-J. For six mvnllii, " } cents in advance. CfiV" AdytM'ti^einentM inserted at the usual rati**. PICKENS C. 1!., S. C.: Saturday Morning, March 3,1860. Favors. * i Hon. J. I>. Asiimdhi:, our ill ton live Kepres'entutivc in Cougrcss, has our thanks for'congros.slouul 11 nd other favors. Retuiu Day, With its anxieties unci terror-, is passing. Tlie number of cases for this di.-striet will be between two hnd threo hundred, .\ndcrsun ami Abbcvillo have returned about two humlre'd eases ea -!i. beiug ratlier smaller returns than'usual for tin -o districts. i lio sessions of MiO I'ourt, tor tlio Western (ircnit, commences at Abbevillo on Monday next. Monday tlio l!'tli brings it to this place. Judge ^utt.nKit/ ii is understood, \\ ill preside. Original ArticlesTho articles of our correspondents, appearing ' in tliis number, is referred to with very derided pleasure. "1?," who is in Europe completing . bis education, writes most interestingly. llis j letter can bo found on the first page, to which wo desiro to direct attention. A native of Pick- i ens, his line descriptions of what he has kocu and heard nro handsomely eye-glassed for home readers. Let us hear from you as often as possible, "B"?your po-"light litter"-ature is always verv acceptable. TiiO "Culturoof Cotton," an article on thein* side pages, by,an experienced planter. Ii isconfidontly commended to cotton planters. One whose cxporionoc is so favorable with cotton, must be proportionubly so with the production of graiu crops?the results of which wc would bo pleased to bo the medium of communicating to tlio public. " lloimivot," our sprightly X<>\v York correspondent, continues to iiitore^ the eader with his current news and relished gossip. Special Attention is directed to tlio correction of the ' advertisement of Mr. Max?his sale will take ! place at Walhalla, on Tuesday next, the Oth instant. Messrs. J. 15. K. Si.oan* Co, or Pen- ! dlcton, have removed to their new store* where . they continue to sell bargains, in thoir lino.? . The Administrators of Cuahi.es Hint oiler ^ valuable property for sale. Bilh For litigation in, or the sale of properly by the Courtof Equity, whore the parties reside; without the limits of the State, should be filed with the Commissioner by the 23d March next. The Railroad Discussion. The speaking lias boon continued at sovor:i! , points since our last. Mr. Shahte at tho Trap. i Mr. Keith at Pumpkintown, and Mr. ?-r. John j ut Wolf Creek, wore listened to attentively.? | Facts, figures and arguments were urged, wo > learn, with force and spirit. The people are taking a more comprehensive ami liboral view of the subject, much to their interest and to the j honor of the district and State. The good work goes bravely on ! Tho Committee, owing to return week here, have been unable to get speakers to attend at all tho points previously indiented- Next week, ii?, i. !...? .1: -. < uw|<v IO HIViUim? lllilb VI1.>U|I| MJI li jiiout will not ho suffered, and that speeches will j lie made according to th? tax collector's published appointments. 1 our citizens turn out und listen ? From Washington. Congress is not altogether idle, but is doing little or nothing. Lieut. Gov. Ford, of Ohio, has been elcctcd printer to the house. Skivard has introduced a bill for the admission of Kansas into the Union?upon this he is to speak, and will probably ulmllc out the course of the republican party in the next Presidential contost. Douuj.as Stock is rising in public favor, he having secured the support of a largo number of the delegates to Uie Charlcatonconvention. News Summary. The steamer Hungarian, laying between T<iv- 1 crpool and Canada, was wrecked off the coast j of the latter country, on the -1st nit. She is j supposod to bo a total loss. The crew and pus- | fccngcrs, numbering four hundred, were lost j An arrival at Xow York from California j brings $1,400,000 in gold The wheat crops throughout the whole country has been greatly damagod by the severe freezes during the win- 1 ter John l'oole, Ksrj., has been nominated i by tho oppositionists fur Governor of North Carolina Tho European news is not very important. Cotton is stationary. Kuropo is quiet. The Moorish war continues?on tho 2d ult, Teulan wns stormed and carried by tho Spanish, afior n lieree a'id sanguinary struggle. The lof;3 on both sides was immense. All the tents, artillery, camels and enmp equipages wore i taken (Jen. William Walker is again "on tho wing," having left Montgomery, ontlie2lst, for Charleston and New York A " Constitutional Union Party " has been established atWasl j.igton to "save the country." It is composed of Old line Whigs and Know Nothings j Fighting continues in Moxico bo'woon ; tho liberal p.irty and their opponents. Many liavo been killed and more wounded. There is little prospect of pcucc for this distracted coun . A Forcer at. Ljirtrfi. Moasrs. Uufiiv, IIa/.en and Fi.wnf.uv, do- ; tectivo policemen of Cincinnati, Ohio, have sent ( out a description of James .V. Dubois, charged J with forgery. lie is described as about twenty ' years of age, fivo foe* six inches high, rod hair, ridlilisli r-ftimilnvinli Hiiinntli fni^rv n liMln led, prominent nose, anil weighs about one hun- 1 drcd and thirty pounds. A young woman eloped with him, whom lie is supposed to havi: married. From Ditboii likeness a tine l'?H?o- j greph has heen made, a cony of which is posted \ o.i tho circular wo received ! ltascals had better stflor clear of Cincinnati! SviCIpK I" bo if Fkak of i'ovRirrv?-Mr. K. ) 1?. AViloy, of North Heading, Massachusetts, j*nd an qxtqnrivo boot and shoo manufacturer, i .iAin?i!U/wi o 11 i< i! 11 nn It'ri/ln u VSivlit I >tr ' ing himself. Ilia propci ty ?'?? estimated at between $40,000 mid $60,000, but a morbid fear of poverty is supposed to have driven him to the act. Yohktgn Trade?The iinportatiunH at New ' York from foreign porta within a fow day*, higlude thuuurgoo* of,four steamers, tho Arago, 1 Kangaroo, Arabia and Borfusaia. Tho value of last, wtddk's entries was upward of hS* millions of dpHarx?riuoro than douhlo thoio of oi-. Two thirds, *1?, ??. ^tinfr-r.Tr 7vt The Hail roads Si'aBtasuI'Rg.?Whilxt our friends in SpaHnn' v. ^ inr discussing tlio. ways mid mean* neveufti'y wcure tiio KxlLii*ioii of tho drvrnvillu and Jr'ivuch Broad linilroad. wo liftvo been looking at the uiaj), with reference to I lie ftiture of obi' niilto;id system in tlio South. It strikes uhthat Spartanburg occupied an enviable i>lnee from her gcogiu|i1iiunl po&itio'ii. Situated nt tho foot of the mountain*, ?be lias a climate remarkably healthy in summer, ami mil<! and pleasant <? winter.?. Her institution* of learning are lisin^ finjt and her mineral and manufacturing resources avo heing vapidly developed. 11;li t:iiimivir Ik tAii iliveellv #! ? I :? t : , - - o vv. .J v?. I 11V .Til lilliv from Atlanta to Richmond; anil at no distant d.iv may have another railroad.runnitlg t'voui Oreenvillo, through Hpnrlanburg and Yorkvlllc, to Charlotte. It is almost a direct line, ami I nut he lore now been spoken i>f bv those familiar Willi raili-oftd mutters us an enterprise that one day will be aevotn! plishcd. We hope it may. ami that at no distant j day.- AshultU (.V. 6'.) X'lr*. Tim above extinct con lams a fair statement of the benefits that are to inure to Spartanburg from the completion of tbo French lJrowt nml S| artatibnr;: railroad. T!i? question then is, what will be '.he Condition ot (Iwonvillc ? The Frcnoh Ural road u ill rUti by Flat Rock and Ashcville, and on that road will go tho travel that has made t! tocm illo so pleasant during tbo summer, ami so profitable to hotel, store ami shop-keepers. Will not tho trade, too, from Ashevillc ami regbm contiguous (hid an outlet elsewhere than at Greenville? This will ho the inevitable result of tho completion of tho French ttroad road. Do not our friends on tho eastern side of Pickens District nee in this, likewise, that the usual good market enjoyed by them at Greenville is not likely, under tho cirrumstanees mentioned, to continue. Moreover, the trade and travel enjoyed by them in their own District must be very materially curtailed in t!>e same way. Their interest would then incline them t-- Pendleton ami other points on the Blue liidgo road to trade. Their interest is now indissolubly linked with this enterprise, and we invoke their aid in its behalf. e do not make this point against Greenville in an unkind spirit, but it is the tendency of things at the present. It is sufficient, of itself, to induce Greenville to fall into the ranks of tho Blue Ridgo men?it is worse than suicide for her to favor the French Broad ami Spartanburg road. One of tho two roads will be built ?io wuu. ii ono snail our luxes l.?o given'! Death of Col. Irby. Col. James 11. Iuuy, of Laurens district, died suddenly of paralysis, 011 the 2-lth nit. lie was a( the time of his death, the Plate Senator froui tliat district. and had occupied other high and rosponsible positions in Ihc .State and his district. The Texas Titnsunk?We have recoivcd the iirst liuinbcr of thin journal, published at Gilmer, Texas, by J. 11. Tuou lit.i., Hsfj., at $2 a yoar. It is a noat and interesting paper, and lias our best wishes for its success. The Kxtin'ction or Vesuvius?Sumo of the German journals announce seriously that a comjinny ol Knglish capitalists have made an application to the King of Naples for the extinction ol Vesuvius. The principal seat of the liro of that volcano is situated several thousand feet below the level of the sea. 15y cutting a canal which would carry the water into the crater, the tire would be completely extinguished, and the operation, which would only cost 2,000,000f., would restore to cultivation land of ten times that value. But, after all, might not the turnin;; of ho much water into so much lire, produce an explosion that would lie likely to settle the Italian question in double time? !>? :.?.i)?Tho Winnsboro J/iigufcr says that t!e:i. ) 'hi A. All? t-in, ?i respected citizen of Faiified <.li.-li.cr. died on t!;r> 1 Itli til*. Tub Prtrsn?r.\cv?The ! iej endciii Union Club, of New York has j i ! '.i-hed an address nominating lion. John M. IJotts, of Virginia, for President, and Thus. 0??l-\rin, of Ohio, for Vice President. The a h!re>s is signed by Kx-tJo\. Clarke, John Scssiims, and C. Thoijipson,{Committee. Statu Capitols?The Capitol of the State of Tennessee, at Nashville, not yet finished, has cost so far *#2<).o00. The Capitol of Ohio, at Columbus, unfinished. is estimated to cost when completed $ 1,552.207. The Capitol of South Carolina when finished will cost ?>2,500,000. f>F.xrcitA!. Strike?A general strike of operatives in several of the leading shoe manufacturing towns of the State of Massachusetts is also arranged for the 22d inst., unless the boss manufacturers previously agree to the new scale of prices. Tiie Work ok Proscription?Among the appointments connected With the organization of the House, says the Wilmington Journal there arc none residing South of the Potomac. This is a pretty fair indication of what the State of affairs would be, if a Republican President wore ... rn v. . Ark you Satisfied?How few arc content! tin; poor envy tin; rich ; tlie rieli often envy the poor; the fat people envy I lie lean; and the lean (he (at. '"ho hrnnetto wishes sho was a blonde; the blonde desires the raven tresses of the brunette; and so goes the world. Hkctai.i.v Mukdeiieij?The Oeala (Flu) Companion states that Dr. W. J. lvitt was brutally murdered near that place roceutly, by his own negroes. Mf.xico?The population of Mexico is about seven million, in liutouc million ol which docs white blood predominate. Ari? von tiie Pore?'L'hoEnglish papers state that the Emperor of Austria has sent the sum of .CO,000 to the Pope. Christiana, ex-Queen of Spain, has also opened her pureostring9.-?The King of Bavaria promises to furnish two thousaud well armed volunteers. The Rumn<; Passion, &o?Tho Xcw York correspondent of the Chicago Prc.i.s and Tribune, speaking of the rocent death of Burton, the comedian, says that one of the editors of tho New York lh ruld states that Mr. Burton revised the proof of tho obituary of himself, which subsequently appeared in tho Herald. Pistoj. Practice?Many members of Congress, we understand, arc in tho habit of carry in<; revolvers, now liiucn bettor it would bo if they all followed tlio recent good example, set by Mr. Ilnskiti, and dropped tiieni. Fatai, Accident?John Ilaswcll, pays the Spartanburg Kxpress, while riding in a buggy with another portion in tho neighborhood of Cashville, one night last week, was thown out by tho, buggy running over some obstruction in the way, anil hid ncek was broken by tho fall. Railroads in tiik South?Virginia, up to the |>roscnt time, has laid 1,700 miles of road; Georgia, 1,240; Tennessee, 1.062; Maryland, 8;'.;}; Sontli Carolina, 807 ; Nortli Carolina, 770; Arkansas, 38, but she ha? sovon hundred projected ; Louisiana, between two and three nundrud, and all of them arc paying roads. A Youthfui.F.94u?A Boston (Macs) paper pays: A male child wan born a few weeks ago, in Standisfieid, (Mass.) healthy and wnll termed. with a well defined pair of soft silky wIubkoi'8, stretching from eat- to car. The child is now tivo weeks old, bright and lively with a growing beard. A hurd story to believe! A Nbmt IIeaoino?'The Liverpool Mercury lias plftccd in it* columns, in addition tu tho custom;-ry noticon of birtliH, mun i ages and deaths, ft now'bonding, nnder which nro chronjclod tho divorces thuture doily granted hy tho ?. . v . . ' - # ' " * % ' "" * i'> n'Ti^i V, 'nr^FiYV tfi'iiT-*AlT?i .in' i > f i'i ? Peniiinffs and Clippinge. Ac.? ok ti^k Leuiblaturk?tHjo iwts of tbe ln*t Legislature, with tlio proeoedinas of Unit bydy, litivo 1jOO.ii recoivod by the Clurac, unduro noyy ready for distribution. Itinrkant Sai.ksman?Tho Southern Guardian bus been reonested by tbo Deputy Treusnrer of thoUoncr Division to Himounco tlmt ho lias | scut oU' wit Mho Acts nnd Resolutions of tlio last session, tlio necessary blunk rccounnoudu* lions anil bonds for itinerant salesmen, us well U3 8e vera I copies of the Act of IS,>9 in roforonco to their duty. All of theeo will be found with the Clerks of tbo Court. The i.ahcest Cirv-r'l'lio largest citv ln tho i.i ,.< i..1.1 . r. , ii >> im ip c?iiu vw i?v mat ui muuuw, in ^ii|;au? u j is bdlpVcd to contain 11 population of 3,000,000. Mr tton I.ovivo Doom?Inn petition recent: ly presented to the Ohio Legislature, praying ior relief against tho ravages of dogs among ! sheen, it is asserted that not less than $150,000 worth of sheep is annually destroyed by these Tvoiso than useless bintes, A llOMTION AT A PtSCOCNT IN Xf.W MKXI; co?The ii?\v Legislature of New Mexico have ' expelled their Speaker on discovering that lie j was an Abolitionist, llo introduced a bill to J abolish slavery in the Territory, whereupon he was unanimously requested to resign, which ho I did. i fin: sivmksn Twins?The Siamese twins are stilljiving in Surry comity, Xorth C\ . "im,? j At a bite revival the wife of Cluing wi.s bnpti1 zed. Chang and Kng seemed to be much coneorned for themselves, nnd requested ai. intorest in tho prayers of the minister. Ol.n?The Ijditor of the Panola (M!*s) Shir ! has in his ofliee the' rattles of a snake killed in I)rew county, Arkansas last stiinmer; thev aro about ten inches in length tmd number fortytwo. " Peak" IIcrcinu?A lady in Montreal lately recovered &'2,000 of Major tlreckford, for hng] gingher rather roughly. She ought to set a j high value on the money?she got it by u tight i squeeze. Fim.?The Penitentiary of Alabama is said to bo full to overflowing. j lloRRim.K Deatu?A yoiuig man named : Lovelanil met with a horrible death on Thtirs| day morning last, Covington, Ohio, in conse.qneheo of drinking n cup of vitriol, which he I mistook for water. He lingered after tl>o un| fortunate affair for a couple of hours, suffering ; the most intense pain. Fire and Loss of I.iit.?A largo fire occur- I I red in iii,uton on the 19 th ult, with a loss of 1 about $jl),UOO. Two men were burned to death. Rkad?To succeed, you must keep moving; j to grow rich you mustkoop saving. For Docoi.as?lion. Albert llust, a member j of Congress from Arkansas, 1ms written a letter I in which ho says, if the Presidential nominee at Charb'ston is taken from the North, lie inlin: itely prefers Douglas to any man that oau be j presented. 11 't-s?The. Charleston papers say, that the i rice mills of C. M. Fnruian and (Jo., with ad* , joining buildings, were destroyed by lire on the | 2tith ult. Jjo3s, !j>UU,000. 1 Oi.ii Ml'i.r?a South Carolina paper notices Ihe death of a mule, whose age was known to be 02 years at the time of bis death. A Case?A sweet little Michigan girl, of nbout thirty-live summers, has sued an old fellow for S5,(J00 damages, for courtiug her ten whole vears. and thon inarrvimr somi'lj'odv oiso The case is on trial at Detroit. Augusta, <jii, Feb. 21?The Alabama Logis1 a to re has passed a bill exempting goods imported by Southern i? u*ts and sold in Alabama, from taxation. The same Legislature has pass ed a hill to call a convention to reform the State Constitution. I>KATtioi- ax Oi.ii Pkintbr?Mr. Daniel FanJ shaw, 0110 of the oldest printer* in the United i States, and one of the wealthiest of tlio eraf', I died at his resilience, in Yorkvillc, on Monday. | Fiiozks' to Dkatii?Mrs. Ingalls, wife of Win. In-'alls, of Vernon, N't, was fro/.cn t> death on Wednesday of last week, while returning home on foot from a visit in Hinsdale, X II. DfiSTtlovEr)?-Tlio principal part of the town of JMnvilhv Iv.\'< was destroyed by lire on the I ??d ill! 1 'i.MIII (Hill Tear*'?To weepis often a blessing; thcgloom of tho akics dissolves in rain, and that of the I licnvt in tears. Tin: (Vkn Famine.?It is presumablethat tlio present scarcity, and consequent high prices of corn, has sot the producers of the article t!> thinking as to its cause, and awaken* cd tho fanners to a knowledge of tho importance of planting a largo provision crop the present year. At all events, it is to be hoped ! that they have considered this matter ; the irroat demand for corn and wheat, for bread. I its scarcity, and consequently tlie high price of it. is now soiling readily at one dollar and a quarter per bushel, and goes quickly at that. If the coining crop be light, thcro is no telling to what price it may run up, or whether it can be got at all ov not, next spring. These facts should admonish planters to attend to it, that in planting their crop this year, a sufficiently largo provision crop bo planted. Tt is ccrtainly bad economy to raise cotton entirely on poor land, with tho expectation of buying corn and meat; and when corn is at j niu jii i;r>un t |iuuv3, it acuius HClUUIiy HUI01UIcal to one's own interest, 'l'lio farmer who never Ijnys corn or meat is generally thrifty, his household is the abode of abundance and peace, and the corn famine?such as now prevails?never troubles him, but on the contrary (ills his purso. An exchange says that '' ono of the most thrifty planters we ever knew, has often assured us that when the j price of corn was very high, ho always planted a lar ro crop of corn, and always realized more profit from it than his neighbors did from their extra crop of cotton. I Laurcnaoillc Herald. ^ Ciiaht.eston Convention.?A meeting for sending delegates to the Columbia Democratic Convention will be held at the Court Mouse, in Marlborough District, on the first Monday in.JMtirch next. Thus the ball moves on. We have little doubt now, that ncarlr ovcry district in the Suite will be represented in the Columbia Convention, of the 10th of April. * Nkorov's Crops,?Our attention tfas di I roctcd to a load oi live Dags of cotton in Hruad Ht., this morning, ami wc woro informed that it was tho crop of the " house gang " (for the information of our friends up toward# tho North Polo, wo toll thorn that t|jQ house gang minifies the cook anil negro children about flic house too young for regular work) belonging to Mr#. O'Connor, of Mount, Viiihinm Ki?geflcld .District, S. 0. Tho cotton was of extra rtunlity and brought 12Jo. producing nearly S2f>0 for tlio cook-woman and her little '* drap shet?," ft very comfortable Aum to spend in luxuries, and more money than thouKands of poor men and womcp irt New England see ip one ?nm in tho whole courao of their livca.?AugUtta Dhvatch. V ^ ' . '/ V . ' ? - 4 * . ' -1 .? + ' \ >/v ? s ' *; - , . * '* ' * > 1 ~v 'i ?*iX '?.? I iOdMMii'W^OA'. JPN'I. Cotton Culture. Mr. Editor: You requested mo ?on?o tiino ago to givo you my inodo of nmklugtuid jiroparing Cotton for liiiirkot. I now comply, but reluctantly, us I Imvo hod only ft few yonra expo neneo in its ouiturc, find consequently, with a subject that requires so much skill an cotton culturo, many of my notions may bo in error. I will givo you what 1 concotvo to be tli6 most important pointj for its succcssful culture in this latitude t The aspect of tbo land In of prinio importance in Blurting iiud maturing the plant where tlio season is so short. Tlio aspect bus so much to ' j do with tbo cotton plant, here, that I think no I 1 I one should attempt it? cultuio unless liis lands j ' | have a favorable aspect. The aspect is favora- | 1 ! bio accordingly as it faces tbo South or S. K. ! Lands of a northern exposure should never bo j ' I nhuitcd in cotton?thev nro i/?od for corn and I ! wheat. Tho texture u'i' tlic s?l litis a great cf- i j I foot upon tho plant. Thai soil in which saml ' predominates, with a porous subsoil, is tho host ( suiten *o it. This kind of soil being readily ^ ponotratod by sun and air; and tho Bordussub- | | soil porinits tho speedy forinontation of tho j surplus water that .settles frotu tho surfaco. I I havo boon thus particular in mentioning . | tho aspects and textures of soils, because llioro | | arc a variety of both in l'iekcnf, and on almost i every plantation; and, as the culture of tho plant is limited, that aspect and texturo host adapted to it* culture, should be selected. Tho l above items being determined upon, tho two next of importance, aro to elevate and stimulate I the plant. The former is eHeeled by high bed- ' ding, the latter by manuring. , The preparation of land for cotton should bo 1 made early, say in Jaunary ox* February. 15y 1 an early preparation u lirixx compact bed is obtained, and tiio very important itoin of tho early application of man tiro u obtained. Tlic early deposit of all manures tor all crops is important. \Ylioii applied early they uro rendered soluble by the winter ruin*, and xninglo with tho soil and assist the plant from tho beginning. 1 h.'ivc known manure applied in April that did not have rain enough upon it during the growing season of tho crop to render it soluble, and a failure was the result. Having the land prepared as abovo stated, the next operation is the planting. This is usually performed in short order, and there is no part of its culture more important. Great care and nicety should bo used in planting this crop. In opening the bed a very narrow, short plow should bo u*cd, attached to a very light. I stock, as tho weight ol' a heavy one causes it to 1 run too deep. About two bushels seed to tho 1 aero I find sufficient on thoroughly prepared * land. 1 use, in covering, a light iron-toothed 1 rako. Thin is a blow mode compared with the ' u?ual way with plow and board. The principal 1 advantage of tho rako is tho preservation of the height of tho ridge. 1 never could see any sense in making a high ridge and then throw it 1 all down, which is sure to be the case when it < is covered with a plow ami board. Throughout the entire cultivation tho ridjio should he kept up aa originally made, a.-* nearly iia possible. 1 believe that by a highly clcVatod rid^c, a degree in latitude may bo attained. Tho crop should bo all planted by tho loth of April. My rule i is to commence on tho ">th of .April, regardless of tho eold. After thet-eed arc llius covered, a ? light onodiorse roller is run over the beds? ( rolling two rows at once. This breaks d >\vn ' the inequalities of the ridgo, pulverizes the c earth direetlv around the nlinit. moventsncnrui- 1 ration, nocelerntcs gcrniintv'ipn, ouusca theplant i to conic lip uint grow oil* with mor<\vigor, facilitates tlio Jirst working, nnd oxcludos somewhat ( tlio cold. When 1 got this much dono, I conaider tlio crop half made. Ah soon us tlio cotton in ?ufTiciently up for a 1 stand. the first operation is to scrapo down. Right f! here 1 tliink an egregious error is generally com- i milled by using the plow vicc tlic hoe. My mode j is to scrapc down ligntfi/ about a foot on oao'l) Hide . of the cotton; at tlio name time bringing the cot- ! ton to a very narrow, straight line. Thin mode 1 1 consider far preferable to the chop through mode. I My scraping down tlio cotton is left thin, and by i being brought to a straight line the plowing can ( be made moro effectual than when left ilia zig-zag j line, as is the case when chopped through. Ah soon as it is.scraped, the hoes go directly back to spa- ' cing and thinning. The distance between the ! stalks is regulated according to the fertility of the I laud ; tho richer tlio land the farther apart, and on . poor land vice ireran, but liover closer than twelve ^ inches, and never more than one stalk in a place, except where one is missing, nnd \ doubt if two arc ' better here than one. Tlio cotton plant requires 1 ample room tor its full expnuHion iu every direction -?not only is the quantity greater, but the quality is better when it has plenty of sun and air; tho picking is also greater as the bolls are larger.-? The thinning should bo done if possible by the time the plant assumes tho third leaf, as about this time the plant begins to shape its course. If it is crowded now it will adapt its organism to narrow limits ; if it has ant]tie room it will begin to tiller, and the stalk will acquire size and stamina, which it can never attain if crowded. Getting tho crop thinned and set in time is the rub in managing tho crop. The next working is done with the sweep? running lightly twice in a row, throwing gently a small quantity of earth' among tho cotton and covering the small crass. This isaverv critical tunc tare in its culturoas regards keeping down t lie grans. The best plowmen and (lie slowest mules should be put to i'lis work. If llio crop can be gotten over with the sweeps now before the grass boglws to Ip.ko bold, the crops will bo of very little trouble. The sweeps aro at all times very superficially used ?barely deep enough to eradiento th<5 fcrnss and 1 render pulverent the surface. Not only should tho < sweeps he superficially used, but on light soils Cftro i should he taken that the hoes touch lightly. Tho balance of the cult tiro consists in keeping the surfucc clean and pulverciit l>y moans of tho hoc nnd swoop. ( do not top cotton. As to tho propriety ! of thin I am not able to Hay ; ono tiling about it, is, I that it is unnatural. 1 think it beat to lot nature j alone. If topping does no good, it does harm. as it is certainly a wound to tho plant. The working of tho crop is continued till it begins to open.. l$y tho ftbovo modes I liavo been making vory satisfactory crops; rarely making under an average of 7D0 lbrt. per acre. Last yoar, which was ( not at all favorable for either corn or col ton, I made on what I snpjioKC to bo eighty acres land, 52 bales I ?average weight, 410 lbs. Two thirds of tho land is very old?originally good; balance, third years Intnl. I merely state theso facts to show tho result of my modo of culture. As this article is getting too long I will defer giving you tho mode of preparing cotton for markit till the crop begins to open. J. W. CRAWFORD. COM) SrBJNO, Feb. 10, 18GO. Correspondence of t'ue Keowee Courier. ivew 1 ohk, i?ob. 1H, 1KUU. | Mr, Editor: The republican party arc hard at w>rk for tlio l'rosldontiul election, and to I strengthen their position nro roaorting to nil ! kinds of dodges. The latest is, to impose abolition stump speechos on the pooplo under tlio guiso of Lyceum lectures. In our last wo mentioned Wondall Phillips' lecture on Lousunt L'Overtnre, tlio leader of tho St. Domingo insurroction, who was hold up as an oxnmplo to Southorn mIuvoh. That was followed by Joshua i U (lidding.*, who adyortised to dolivora lecture i on tho " Duties of Human Governmont," but | which provod to bo ft upvoch of the most incen| diary charact'or?advocating rebellion, tho do xtnietion of thn constitution, and the nulliticdtion of the fugitive Slavo Law, and adviqing the siftvos to rise en nmxic ftnd murder thoir mnsterH. A few ovenings nftcr, Cassiue M. Clay, from Kontucky, delivorcd ?n nddroM of tho snmo naturo. l/nliko tho Abolition propagandists that proceded him, ho liniln from n slave State ; nnd. in consequonco of which, ho is nioro violent And denunciatory. JIo is fifty years of nge. with a shrill, .singing vojcor pnd ipMinuating address. The returns ninrto by the different officer# in (hi? city \diich'frftn?mit mduey to Ireland, ^how . ' ' -V-'*4.' 1 . " % . * , thut th?9 aggregate sum transnjitted hi 185l>( muouut to oho 'million throe hundred mid fifty thnmuind dollars, which wft? forwarded by tho fcifdi nervnnt* of tins eity to their rolntivos nnd Mends to nstdtit them to embark for tho United Stated. Thirt goncrodity on the part of white servants apeak hobly 111 their behalf. Kntiney, the celebrated gift-book nmn, lifts bnau arrested on tho ohnrgo of pwindlinir two ' i- A I. - A I ,l t uemiansio 1110 mug in .7w/, jjvc 11111* IJB a warning to y??ur renders \vli<? K?> ^onerously patroni/.o 111 o Jforlhorn fiift-book house*, or lliey nmy too Into tint! thdtthoy hftvc Ucon egrejjiously swindled. To nvovt) this, it i* but re-juisita to state tliut dotectivo Dowo lms rocoiveri.n number of letters from,parties in the country, complaining that they have uiado remittances for ' books. <to.. iuul have nover received nny replies. 1 The 'J'ribune, t ha organ of the llhick Hopuldi- I cans, is <piitc H!?d oti commercial mutters, nn<l in- j jighimtly remnrks that it i^ utterly hopelc.su to , milieipate nny improvement in the condition of tlio vast highways of commerce ns long as the (,'ottou- ] ueraoy hftld possession of the l'ederal (Joveihiuiiyit. ! Unfortunately for the odkov ami hiss parly, the j L-ottonocrney will hold their evouiul as ljinr as the 1 sonsoi'vativo pnrty ilesiVc. Tli3 lnciul'ers of the New York Legislature are musing themselves. On the 17lii they lnul quiio HU exciting fiujo, ns Messrs. Milliken and White had-ftfroc pro raUi light in tiie Assembly chamber, in consoqueneo of a member exposing the corrupIkm th.it exists, ami the Speaker endorsing the insertion, by stating tliftt.>'i 100,000 hail been written for to Wall street by a member of the I.egislaluro, for tlio express purpose of d-'fcnli'jlg tlie I'ro Uata bill. Judge from this what line government > we will have if (his party can make iVilliam 11. | Scwjird President. A few broken down politicians arc ftttetnj'ting to I form a third party before the election, in orii.v to ] sell out when tlie proper time approaches. !! i.'. ( liowovor, useless, us the vital question of the day must bo decided between tho l>etuocrats and Kepubltcnns. Quito a largo and enthusiastic public meeting was held 011 Friday evening ut tho Assembly Itooms, to ox press sympathy with tho struggling Italians^ Ueecher, Bellows, Mitchel, Thomson, mil others, addressed tho mooting. At tho conclusion of tho speeches a note was read from tho ladies, expressing tho warm and heartfelt sympalllirw of fl?o vvmnmi t\*' \niAi.i<i.i *1...;.. K?...? I..... . ind sisters ol' Italy. Stepheu Whitney, au old and respeelublo merchant, died Tbursdny, lit tiie advanced ago of ?igl?ty. lie leaves to his threo children (one Son ind two daughters,) the imiueiisa sum of fifteen nillions. Jennings, llarmim's brother-in-law, who venlorcil himself notorious by giving two hundred ind fifty dollars for tho first ticket that was sold o Jenny Li mi's tir.st concert in New York, bas failed. Following upon thin, conies, tho reported issignnient of JSiuger, proprietor of the Sewing Machine. Many were surprisad at this, as ho was inpposed to be imjuena.sly wenlthy. Hut it would akc a princely revenue to support a man of his a.sle, who rides in a carriage that cost y700l>,and lrawn by six very valuable horses. Honner, of tho occupies an entire page >f the Herald with bis advertisement. The American Geographic il Society lias passed resolutions advising a new expedition 'o the Arctic Sea. Honnivkt. From the Montgomery Mail; Corn?Bad Prospects AheadThere was never a time in our knowledge ivhon the future was more trloomy in regard to t sulTioiency of breadstuff*. Already, from IVxns to North Carolina, corn is ranging from 51.25 to $2.00 per bushel. Tho wheat erop )f Tennessee, theCarolinas, Georgia and Alajauui, is absolutely destroyed j and the chance "or oats is f-!im. What will be the m ult of this condition of hings? Why, mid-summer corn will beat tn average of 82,00 per bushel, and in many >arts there will bo actual suffering from a scarcity of bread. At 2.00 per bushel oven, i prosperous workman cannot feed and clothe i family of children. But what next? The ^resent scarcity will turn the whole country n on tho new corn crop in September, beoro it hardens, and whatever it may be, it .vi 11 be diminished one <[uarter by this early 1 extraction. liut that is not tho worst yet; for the cotton mania is so prevalent that a | iiiun wruj> 01 corn win ue piantou this year; ind a"short orop, early attacked, without iild from wheat or oats, speedily be so diminished is to make prices intolerable. Then add to ibis die fact that the over planting of cotton ^wo shall make 4,000,000 bales thin season, ' weather prove favorable,) will reduco the price if the staple down to about 8 cents. Put :otton at 8 ccnts and corn at ?2.00 together? ( tnd what do they mean but the hardest, the most doleful times to all who labor for subsis- , tence!' 15ut is it a true picture. Let any farmer ask himself if the facts aro nut true, ind if the results we anticipate arc not inevitable ( The scarcity of corn and other plain will of course be accompanied by a scarcity and high nrinp nf nnvlf Trulu * { v??v? tuiiu;ui|MiilKMi 14 leplorable, but our far mora rind planters will not allow thomsclvcs to bo divortcd from the making of cotton, though it id now falling, under tho influence of over supply. Next j'enr it will be far worse?no price for cotton, md corn scarce and high. We predict now, that if our planters fai' to plant largely of corn this year, there v .1 be more pecuniary imibarrassment-by .January 1861, than this country has known since 1*37. There is only | one course of 3'ifety, and that lies in small cotton fields and big cornfields! Will not some of onr intelligent planters who can see I 1 1. il i .! - 't - ? wiiuugii tin; uuxb (six mourns, cnueavor 10 enlighten their neighbors as to this cotton insanity? It is of vast importance to tho country, that it should be dona forthwith. The month of March will determine whether or not next year shall bo one of prosperity, or one of universal agricultural depression and disaster. It. is useless to think of tho present or tho past priccB of cotton being sustoHrud. i*y April noxt, good middlings will probably be down to 9 cents. The increased breadth of land, for the next crop will injure20 percent, inereasoof production, with an ordinarily favorable season. How can prices rango abovo 8(?i 10 ccnts with nearly a five million.crop '! In conclusion let lis say to tho planters, there is no question now of so pressing utV importance as tho corn quostion. Those who shull have to purchaso for their1 nrigroos and stock, next year, will have to bo very stout, or they will go undor. There is barely time yet to adopt a wise policy, in distributing the crops of the season. Wo dovoully trust that the planters of Montgomery county, at lo^st, will protect themselves and this community C il... 1! A- 1 ' ' 11u 111 iuv uiHiihiom which arc aneau. WAsnrffrtTOM, Feb, 24, 1*60.?As you have, do*doubt, heforo this roccived a full ncfcount of the proceedings on the inauguration of tho Washington stutue, J shall therefore not onlar^o upon it. It wn? ccrtainly a great demonstration among tho military, the Seventh Regiment, from Nctf York, amounting to 650 incn, \?us tho observed of all observer#, rfouth Carolina liatl a very important pnrt in tho prograuimc-^-thc artist, Mr. Mills, hails from this 8tato, and ^Senator Hammond, as (Chairman of the ScnatoUoinmittco, Mr. Jj. 31. Kcitt, Chairman of tho Iloaso Committee, had tho general direction of uftaivn undr their ohargcrj and thoir united efforts guyo outirc uatiefaction, ' ' J. / '' J" & 0 >f The Value arid Uaefuineis of R\il roads. Mr. Miller, in his lute report of the CVflthd Railroad survey, exemplifies the value and usefulness of rail roads cs follows : " In 1K55 7, T wad engaged on the Georgia State Uoad, just then commenced,. T thcro became acquainted with the people along that road?their habits and their means, Devond their actual wants for food, they raised no* * - - * 11 mi. . . , ) 1 i wuiiir ui an. i lie inv!ii mujK-u luvuuu, mm shot at a mark. Tho women seemed to do but Httle, whilst tlicir children, poorly 06rod for, sauntered about from place to place, an if their highest thoughts were .bout on cntehing rnbitft, Opossums or some such small game.? What was the use of working, when it would cost them two dollars per bushel to got their wheat to market, and then got only one? " In 18f>7, 1 went baek again, and what a change! Tho rivers were the sayle?tho KouilOsaw Mountain had not clnuigul?rtlio " Crooked Spoon " still rolled njong?tho men and women that once I knew were thoro ?the toys had grown to men and the girls to women ; but their mien was changed. Tho old incu stood erect, as vritli oonsfciotirt prido they looked upon the waving fields of grain. Tli.e matrons busied themselves. about their daries and their lopuis; whilst the sturdy boys wrro grappling with the plough. "What had bro>\*ht thi* change about.? Listen for a while, and soon you will hear the. iron horse come storming along? lie stopsat a station for fuel and water?a man gets oft* ^ the train, lie is a Charleston man, or perhaps the agCut of the .Montgomery Jlill.s.? The cars^oon, and he pocs to the house. Ho met's the farmer?they have iy;i c. 1 Lie* businet,.' is to buy gndn. Xlrnoge, ftut fritc, that the dejiaml fur wheat should be so great as to induce tho merchant to buy at the farmer's door, lie oilers one dollar and a half per bushel, cash, for the entire crop, and furnish the sacks to put it in. That won't do. Savannah was hero yesterday, and Columbus* tho day before, and they otiered more, llero is the key (u this change. This solves the mystery. The great Stnto Ufoiid?the iron horse?tho dolltir ??'! a half per bushel, cash, tells tho tale. This is literally truo, as any one can ascertain, by inquiring of the inau that knOWs." The OiiAHi/rston Convkntiox.?On the cvenjng of the 2'Id, a public meeting of tho citizens of Charleston, in favor of participation in the Charleston Convention, was hold in Hibernian Hull. The lion. James Simons was Called to the Chair, and sixtyfive Vice Presidents appointed. The list is filled by name? from the most rcspcctable and influential citizens of Charleston. CSen. Simons, < upon taking the Clu.i', delivered some pertinent prefatory roimirks. Samuel V. Tupper submitted to the meeting a preamble and resolutions. whirli worn 'I'lin iiwinliiuf whs also addressed by Col. T. V. Simons ami II. C. Kin^c, lOsrj. T'ac following dv.leg-ite.-j were appointed : Col. .J. .J. Pope, Col. T. Y. Simons, Col. IT. Buist, Col. F. Lannoau, David Itinnay, M. 1'. O'Connor, (!. X. Boynolds, jr., Samuel 1). Stony, A. A. Ajlemoug, Col. .J. J. IVttigrew, M. A. l'ringle, T. (i. Baker, Samuel Lord, jr., \V. S. Ilastie, C. fi. Burckmye'r, A. MeKensie, John S. Itiggs, W. S. Elliott, F. Mclehors, W. Y. Lietch, Edw. Magrath, Samuel Y. Tuppcr. \V e sec that public meetings have been called in Lexington and (leorgotown Districts, for the purpose of sending delegates. Moi-ijnfit..?Howard ilnyno Caldwell, tho nont, editor, lawyer an<! scholar, breathed his mot 111 voiiiiiiuiii i immiiiy ui last wccx. no loaves a wife iiikI cliilil! . Tiik Fortification Him,?The bill reported in the lfouso of Representatives on Mondsiy appropriates the mini of six hundred und five thousand dollars ($005,000) in aid af fortifier, tiona and works of dofonqo, including $10,000 for Fort Carrol, in the harbor of Raltiniore ; 850,000 for Fort Delaware ; 55,000 for Fort Monroe; Sf>,500 for an artesian well and bridge nt'sario fort ; $75,000 for Fort Calhoun, in Hampton lloads ; ?10,D00 for Fort Macon ; 88,000 for Fourt Moultrie;870,000 for Fort Taylor, at Key W'(\st; 575,000 for Fort Jefferson, Florida ; 810, 000 for Fort M'Kce, Fcnsficolii; 850,000 for Fort 1'oint, Hun L'TnticiftOO; and 5,000 for Furfc Alontraz, San Francisco Hs?y. W?lUfllll I % KMMItaWMHPaMVtMMMH Answor To Enigma in tlio Courier of February, 18C0: lifown. Borrow, Bait, Into, East, .John, Steel, Horn, Nile. Tho whole is John Brown, the nlyiHtioniat, J. B. S. j ? 1 \mmtm9m0mmmmmm '. """"" #* Mahiuko, 011 the 'J'ltli inst. )>y J. N. ArimM, Esq., Mr. J. J. llrutfin to Misa C. A. Maix.iii.v, all of PickciiH. On tlio 12th in8t. by E. I*. Vcrnef, TCsq<f Mr. Jamba Cahhom# to Mias Sosan Mahon, all of l'ickoiis. . ? HI! I? IK Will I ! IIIBI ! Illllll 11 1 I U II L?1 of Ooiiaitfilecs At AtuUraon Drjwt, iccck ciudwj J-'rli, 2">, I SCO Knelnnil & B, IJenPon & J, B & C, J M I?iokons. S <1. E W B. S Brown jr. J W Cnl>l>, J E & W M Bclotto, S E M, J T Sloan. A II Ifcm.leu J B Sloan. I \Y Taylor. K J Etirlo, J 0 1' & Co, M & M, S S Cherry| (J II Cltorrv, (! C LnnppV* ton, W II I> OniHianl, .1 M Purtlow. Wal holla Banner. 11 V & Co, A Cornish, A t' Lowta, IT AY Kr.'Jiman, J B Hilton, A M II. 'huwl, 11 Adgcr, E B Sloan, J W Chirk, .1 S Lortnn & Go. 11 Jlnhntgo, 0 lirowii, II 1) Calhoun, K U llon?ori ?t Sod. A K Edwards, II It It 11 C?>, it >f Smith, T (< Ilorboit, It A Thompson, F W Iviipntrick, J N llnrknos*, II Illiott. L A Onlxtrno, '/ W Orcon & Co, -I Hnstio, J F Wilson, Thoa. Hnrpor, A I) Ouilliufd, W Van WvoV, .11 F Sloan, L> A Koaflcr, Jones & .S, ! 'I? Demit llrown, 11 T S, A A Morse, / N Whitnor, S .1 Sloninn, II \V Piopor, E F<urlo, .1 Viviabt. J I* ltcod, I, T Toinploton, T M:\gill, Sloan Sc Smith, I. Sluphcua. O. II. P. FA NT, Agent. om'iMftY,, " ^ Dif.h, in l'ivkons District, on the 2Cfl? ult., CiiAiti.ks Hi st, ftgcil 80 yoftrsS month* nnri thirteen Uny?. 'l'Uo riccoa idl hftd hocn iv member of the Huj>tist church tor the lost thirty yonra, n?4 lived n most upright uixl honorable HO. Ago, vcnornhle always, i* lovely when KU)>i?oiteil by a ftonsiHtciit christian oxpciienco. lie ItavM mnn? . ^ vpliitivon ninl fvionds fo mourn tho'r Ioph. * FOR TllW I.fcOISMTUlflj. SisJpTlie ninov iiil-mU of S.\MCTW< T*. MAXWKl.L roHpoctfully nnnounro film n cuud^MQ for tlio Leglsluturo at llio nc*t c)o?ti<>i?. JASV Mia(c of MoutU < IS OUlWOn * WIIKKEVS, H. Hunt, Wnr. Hunt liuve applied Jo me fov 4flH^BflKSHmiulstrntion upon nil nnd Hlngulttt-iho W nii?-tv- ir.? -li. ?- 1 "" ?rv vliru>? nnui, IftIC <>! t ll<i nforcxaid and district of l'iokona v Tho kit Wed aqd creditor* of ??id duooanftd are, tlterfefofg, cited to npppw before mo, at i'ickctro.C. II. on Monday tbo 10th Murch, to alieiw' cnunp. if any 1th ?y <Snn, why Hrtid letter* not H grunted. tKVea' undor haud afid *5a1, fl?1s 2fltli JMnrtAvyj- 1 WOO; f 'A ; ' >Y. li. UOI^OtfLe^wtf. * 9 ' *