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"TO TIUNK OWN SKI P BV. TllUE, AND IT MUST FOLLOW, AS TIIK NIGHT THE IMY. THOU (W.VST NOT TilKN III'. I-AI.RK TO ANY MAN " BY IIOH'T. A. THOMPSON. PICKENS COURT HOUSE, S. C. SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 11, 1858. VOL. X. M>. 8. SlEiLEOTEID iporrev, tr -_: .. . ; : : _ . " v. *..* rz^i My Life is Like tho Summer Rose. WII.KK. My lifo is like tlie MimmeY rone, Tlmt opttts t<? the morning skv, Hut ere the ithiulert of evening elope, Is fcnttcral on the ground to die. v..? *!...< i.'-.i The Nweetest dews of night !ire shed, As if ?!n? wc\it mtch waste Jo sec; Jlut none shull tcecp a (far for mo. T.APY. The dews of night limy full from lionvcn I'pon (lie withered rose's hot], Ami tears offon<l regret be given Tn mourn the YirtiieK Of tlio <loi\?l. Yet morning'* ?nn the dews will dry Anil tenra will fndn 1'rcm sorrow's eye, Affection's pmtgs be lulled to sleep, A..-I ? ? - - JIUUV1VII1V1U iurgi'1 ill icccp. v.n.nr. i My life is like the autumn's loaf. That trembles in the iiiooh'h jmlc rny? lis huhl is frail, it?? <lnlc is briof. Host loss, nml noon topnss nwn.v. Yctere (lint leaf shall fall nml fiule. The parent tree shall mourn its shade; The winds hcvrn.il the lentless tree, Hut none r-hnll breathe a siiih for inc. V ? I i, ,\nv. ^ 'Alio treo may mourn its fallen leaf. And nutunm -winds bewail lis bloom. And frlmdft inny hciAvc a Hijili of griet' O'er those wl>o#lccp within the tomb. Y*t enoii will Hpring lenow the flowers, And time will bring more mailing hours; lu friendship's heart all grief will die, Ami even love forget to xiyh. wii.nn. My life in like the prints which feet Mavelelt on Tempo's deport slraml? Soon as tlie tTsing tido shall heat, All trace will vanish from the en ltd. Yet. as if lrripvinrr to nflrann All ypstige of the human nice, On Hint lone shore, loml mosuis the fen, Hut none, tilfts! shall motn u lor me. r.M?v. The sen ninv on the desert shore Lament enoli trneo it lionvn nvrny ; Tho lotielv tleiirt its grief innv pour ' O'er cherished friendship's <ni<t decoy. Vet when nil'truck is lost and jiojie. The wave's dance hrli/lit ntiil t'jiilv mm Thus coon direction'* IioikIs ftvc torn, And oven love forgets to mourn. y???? win i.i i i !>! ii?i.hiii.ii inm?wwmmiihiium MI&OTkLAWV. The State Survey. From the ({rdouvillo Patriot wo copy I tlio following letter of Mr. Licbcr's, which rel.ltr?fl !n mil' flisfrii'f.. fiiwul-iiiimf -- ?' nls, he s?.iy?: llefore making any allusion to the useful minerals, permit ino linstilv to present the geueval succession of rock strata in these upper Districts, ami to illustrate tlioir portion by example*. Commencing with j the uppermost, we have 1. I Hue Limestone, occurring in York and Snnrtanburor. 2. ftncoluniiU\ or clnHtie wmd-stonc, embracing also a lower limestone bed, in Spartanburg, York, Union and Pickens. 5k Clay Slate. 'A narrow bed of tbisunderlieK tlio former in York, (.'lay slate also occurs abundantly in Chesterfield, and extends thonce onwards to llickland. 4. Talcose Slato, the real gold country ot out*part ot the world, in York, Lancaster, Kershaw, and again in Edgefield iind Abbeville. f>. Mica Slate, eoinmon in York, Spartanburg, (Ireenville and Pickens. 0. Hornblende Slate. A thin stratum of this intervenes between the gneiss and mica slate of Greenville and Pickens. 7. (luciss in Chester, Union, Lancaster, ? Spartanburg, Greenville,- Pickens, &c. JJesides these, eruptive rocks are abun: i *:..i-i'..?i i? > uoiiv duiiiu i'lstnu^, miiv it ivuuiu carry ( us too far to notico them clonely nt present. Pickens is peculiarly devoid of tlicin. Of the rocks above alluded to, I'ickens | exhibits only tho gneiss, hornblende schist, micti slato and the itucoluimta, or, more properly *pcjiking,'ft portion of the jtaeylusnite scried (embracing a talcosc stratum, n limestone lied and the cnveloninrr wind. *tono.) TlTo rest aro omitted. Of the rocks, tho limestone is of course ? capable of attracting the utmost attention. Too Pickens limestone iw identical with Clio lower limestone bed in .Spartanburg?the one whioli is there, known as the marble bed, and which has been slightly worked at tlio Ottorson Quarry and near Limestone - ^Springs, not furnishing as good lime as that derived from the upper bed, opened in the immediate vicinftv. inn fiimm* lmu I :.y J ~J\ ,M"' " much neglected of Into, although somo attempts havo been made to employ it as n building material. A block was sent on to the Washington National Monument os a representative of South Carolina. In Pickon* thin bed in considerably purer than in ^jwirtnnburg, a matter of great important in the absence of tho othor bod. ntnit mo mna pnmuccu irom tt will D? Konie- , what tinged with yellow, owing to thfe }>reaonoo of n few eryaUlf# of iron pyritc^r At one point I found this limestone of a puro white. The Identity nllmlnd to i? nt the ilorso Sl'.ic fiend of tho HI no Ridge llnil% foiui. Aft Another IfKJ-Hty, where the vock ; ' ocenre in groat nbundnnee, (on the waters I (if fthnniM S \Ii' Muvu/iiil o...l , ? ? ? r?n?nu?? IIIIU r??IW^ VIIRII flontUnncn inrc preparing K> furnish Hrne fov the mnmw.ry on the roilretul. Other out--1 (>rops ot' tlui rock are traeonblo clown jftrattfr^o\yu Cum K', from whonee tho rock enter* Georgia, whore it in alxo vforVtccl. J'or ftgrictiit ii imI ^urpOHQft this limo.stoiii' will lie lit' f;reat benefit, ;?.s the titular deficiency of imc in the noils of Pickens and Northern i/reenvOty fo V>op <?f '^cfr tnoit pceu'.iar * . c characteristics. A small proportion of lhno is infused whore the hornblcndo schists appear, hut bo raro is their occurrence, or, rather, so insignificant is their hulk, that their supply of this fertilizer is very inconsiderable. The value of tho limestone is thus greatly heightened. ' Tho itocolumite, by whoso boils tho limestone stratum is enveloped, is itself the veal mother rock of the diamond in every country where this precious mineral occurs, anil indeed, in Georgia ami North Carolina, it has already boon discovered in connection with this very belt, As yet none have been found in our State, but so small a body ,IU .. ..nlnnVlA Ji a.,.1 - .... .. .........,JV> viixuiuuu Villi v?Uil|JU uetection so easily thut the absence of an nc-' tunl discovery is no proof whatever of tlio absence of the mineral. it was long after ilie probability of tlio existence, of tlio diamond in the Ural had been pointed out by Humboldt and others, that a diamond was actually found. Since then the production .1 !*._ l.~.- - I liivjiv.: nun ucvo rv"iuur. After alluding to sonic fine (nap?tone occurrences, one of which is within a few khIoh of Tort 11iil, while r.nothcr in seen s?n .Mr. Parson's plnco, near Sifluhrity P. <)., ! would call your attention to the presenc e j of frhpnr in workable quantities on the fiirin of Mr. Kuban Mauldiu, near Pickensville. Felspar is n mineral employed in the ! manufacture of porcelain, and at the establishment at Kaolin, in Edgefield, the comI 1 I'll i-l r ' i [luny luivu iiuiiurto uucn lorccu to procure their supply from New Kn^lnud. On n visit to tlioir works last winter my attention had been urged to the careful search fov extensive oceuv?euces of.tbis mineral, and it wj.s therefore with great pleasure that I was enabled to acquaint them with this discovery. \t flu* lnnol!*?? * .? - ^ 1...1 J ? \j i<>\ 41111^ III HUl .-llUIl, M'illCIl IIUll been made for gold?a little blue qi.aftz occurring with the felspar. Xo gold was found, and the felspar had been thrown aside,as "worthless rock." In the pit opened it. occupies almost the entire space of n vein five feet in diameter, and some of the single crystals are upwards of a foot in length. At the next agricultural fair samples of this very useful mineral substance will be exhibited. The supply appears to be almost exhaustless, for uumcrous other unexplored voins show themselves on this and tlie adjoining lands. In reference to valuable or useful metals, Pickens is not as well supplied ns we might nt first sight anticipate. 'Flic most conspicuous mineral or metallic belt of our State crosses it farther down the country, entering from the rich mining regions of Charlotte, Concord and Unjon, in North Carolina, and extending thchee across the State to Kdgefiold and Abbeville, being, however, interrupted by tl" denuding in liucnces 01 tnc f^niuilA ana its tributaries. Nevertheless, tliero are some important occurrences tf useful metals in Pickens District. Cold is extremely often met with in branch deposits, though no very productive auriferous veins occur. Some of these deposits have been worked a long time since, as at the "Koowec place," and at Mr. Haveners, for instance. Only one of such gravel beds is now operated upon. This is situated ill (MiPolirr* VnllAV nnrl n Air TiTiilif. mnnn is employing n considerable force at this spot. While working his deposit he is also actively engaged in exploring some veins close adjoining, containing argcntif~ crovsr/alenn. Tho quality of those veins is exceedingly promising, and although tho ! size is too small to prove remunerative nt tflio depth hitherto attained, T would remind you that this, liko excessive youth, is a fault which is likely to diminish d.iily. [Besides, to furnish you with a practical instanco of such improvement in our Stnto, I would direct your uV itioii to tho Mary Copper Mine, in York, where at the surfaco the vein never exceeded afoot, and :.t a depth of thirty-five or forty feet had increased to roujr^r live toet in Tricltii. Other instances of a similar nature you will (ind in my last report. Those veins belong to a type which contains gold shdvc; copper befoi*, *w??1 wime. times lead between. Here Tho nnriferous portion has been removed by aqueous action, and has furnished the gold of the dc'i i,? t..w, 1 U..V wir. .Vijj.w.. muomui jn, WUI j reoohcd. Every on? interested in tlic development of our mineral resources will join mo in cordinlly wishing success to these mining explorations, nnd to all similar ones in tlic State. I. hnvo not mentioned nhovo ft rich hut vorv little cold vein on Mr. Lav's nlaco 111 ChcoUeo, which might be rendered somewhat productive for ft tinio, in reference to j gold, nnd will afterwards probably lend to copper, and previously, possibly, to lead. | Homn fthinll deposits might also bo prolitfihlv vrnrkn/l fur ? ! -'~-j tVwV?*vm ?v> ic v/?hmvu |icnw\a, j^?4i*i'i deposits being w> !p?6 finite, Sucli shriferous bods nro found on Mr. "Parson's place, near Salubrity, tmd at Mr. I<ay'H, in C'hoohee, and along numerous watercourses else* where in the District. But I will not detain you with othor cnuinenrtions, as I fear I have already trespassed too far upon your and the reader's attention. Vcrv rofneetfullv. OsiCAK M. lilKnKft, ? Htute OcologJst. As TnI mi Apv kutisf. u Kxt.?Lost, on Saturday lost."but tlio turners d<>o* not know wlioro, nn ompt.v snck vvilh u chcwo In it.? On tho pftck tno lotier* arc market), Lut are ?o cpmplotok' worn out ns (y i.-o leg!W. - W* Conespondonco nf the Spartanburg Spartan. The Blue Ridge RailroadTvsnkij llir.L, Aug. 1-, 1858. Messrs. Editors*: A visit to tliis phit'C nntl iin examination of what is called tho Stump House Tunnel, on the once unpopular llllio llilll'n ll'lilliioil H'iH .... . *???.. V?UV* | ?1 ill OH I IPi) IHIJ liK111, as it 1ms me, not only of tlio practicability of this work l>tit of the speedy completion of tlie entire road. This Tunnel lias hitherto been the great obstacle the , fiietidft of this noble enterprise have bod to overcome. Those who at. first opposed the j policy of giving State aid to this road were no uoubt conscientious in tlio belief that this ancl similar difficulties would so increase the cost nnd time of completing the road that the profits, when finished, woiild not he commensurate with (he expenses incurred. All doubts as to the completion of this tunnel nre at an end. Three years ago there was scarcely a beginning; indeed ; it might he said tlie work was not properly j hegun until the fall of l!>o<>, not ?juito two j ! years ago. Fiuce which tiir.c about 2,000 i | feet lmvo been completed, leaving .'>,800 i ' yet to do. Shoving that in less than two i i years, more than one-third of this niammoth tunnel has been excavated, and that, too, with only two of the shafts down to grade. The other two shaft*, however, will soon be down to grade, and then the work can be tarried cn with just double the speed ! they arc now making, which is about 1G0 | icuv u iiiumi u. My cuviuS'fy prompted me to pro into tbe tunnel and down n stmft, both bccansc 1 wanted to see what I never had seen, and ! beeausc I would tlicii know for myself that j the work was progressing. Condneled by ?1.n. 1..' ??- ' wn\ yji tnv; iii?c111y v'tui; r?inuro9 am r. Hitchcock, I nent some "?.*>0 foot in tho , west end, and down one of the shafts about I 280 feet. It is so dark in those artificial 1 enverns that you can't seen lamp 40 foot. | Tho entrance from tho east is nut as dark ; as from tho west, owing to the fact that they have paused one shaft, which qives a little 1 i<?*1?f._ nnd ilimi in *a ?l?io linvc two blacksmith shops, or rather furn'accb, in tlio onst end. 1 was conducted in the cast end by the accomplished and polite resident engineer, 3lr. St. John, who informed tnc that there was about 1,'JUO feet finished at this end. The work so far has been through solid rock, not exactly granite, but a coinphet gueiss formation, in many places resembling cranite, and of such a texture as to render the tnnnel. wlirn (in ishcd, being 10 feet high by 1 i wide, ns permanent ns tlic everlasting mountain aboVe it, and never can give way. Vet notwithstanding it is hard rock, tho faithful and enterprising contractors, Messrs. llumbird and Hitchcock, have proven that the worjv can and will be completed-in loss than three years more, by which time, 1 was informed by the able and distinguished ehief engineer, Col. (iwinn, all tho other ?.? i - JlVt??? UHU^V UI4I.->UIII \ HUM ^lilUlli^ between that and Anderson will be fini.died which is in point of time anil expense considerably more than half the entire road. The completion of this road will be the dawn of a new era in South Carolina.? Not only her fertile valleys and rich mines in the mountain districts will pour their treasures into our coffers, but n channel of commerce will be opened with the wide world west of the Blue Ridge, whose valleys can furnish provisions for the world. Whatever may be the cost of building this road, it ought by all moans to be met with that 8omo patriotism and liberality which have characterized our winter States. And i when wO consider the distance hy railroad I to the city of Charleston and tho otVr 1 ..:n??.. ? e I u/iiun uuu i ilKiUVi) m UMI i UUI*J ill U 11UIII Cincinnati, Louisville and Knox villc, which arc the great provision depots of the west, and then sec the advantage Charleston will have qver any other Southern Atlantic seaport, f venture to say there is not a man who l'jvcs his State and delights to honor her, and advance her prosperity, that would not rejo'cc to see the road completed. By thcBIuoKidgcIlailroadCharleston will be.SO | nines nearer man i>au.morc is totJincinnati, j 77 miles nearer to Louisville, and ?J-iO | nearer to Knoxville, and 113 miles nearer | than Savannah to Cincinnati, 47 mile.* nearer to Louisville, and 10?5 miles nearer to Knoxville. With all these facts staring us in the face, and our ruiglihors opening communications with the west all around us, it is a mutter of astonishment that We have not long ago been aroused to a sense ' !i!. i v.i.. ui our jiuhhiwi unit uuiy 111 mu inaiinr, more especially if wo ex fiect or desire to keep pace with tho growth nnd prosperity of our sifter State*. It has been said that tho liluo. Riugo road will be of no service to Spartanburg and the other districts on tho east and north fiidoof the State, If placing Sjnrtauburgh villngo 1.000 jnilctt neflror by railroad to Cincinnati nnd over 300 nearer to Knoxville tlun /bI.O i$ nt present, is no pdvantairo to us, then the usufl mugo roan -.vui (?n us no goou. i\ow, during yeury of scarcity of proyiajopfc, we gel our bacon from Cincinnati, a distance of ovor 1,f?00 uijlowj wliorcM ny tho Blue liidgo rond wo will get it in less than 000 mile* by way of Alston. Tho same might be suid of corn nud flour. I know thoro are somo who soy this would bo no benefit to u?, bec.iino it would bring tho western OVlil *trl?/>n I 1 I v?M ii ??!mt itiiuiv in CUiii|lt'bmuU >VUII our fanner*, nnd rcducc tho prioo of our gnitn. JJiit as well might it bo aaid that a good orop your iftnu injury to tho, country becausc it ebmpena the prico of provisions ?-whioh is an absurdity too apparent to 'need refutation. It ib a ^oll kno'irn fact 4 ill political economy, that whatever tends to lessen (he ]>iicc of provisions is a benelit to the country, and of course a blessing to the people. Sl'AIlTANlU'lUi. The Africans in CharlestonThe following i? u description of the brig and <'nr<yo, taken from the Mercury : " llcing curious to sco the cargo and arrangement.* of the Echo, up obtained <* permit lVom Dr. AV. C. llavonei, the Port Pliysicinn, ami with nuo or two others accompanied J'iont Bradford in a Hinallhoat from tho whaij'. Upon clambering up the side of the brig a Ftvango and Rtartling Bight pi osented itself: a deik covered with nutivo Africans iu ii state of complete nudity, with rare in iunccs of u narrow strip of nig mi ineli wide around their waist. These people were seated lor the most part witli tlieir logs stretched out l*s\t or drawn up in front, or doubled up; Homo squatted on their feet and hands. A few were standing about and a few laving down. None were tied or fastened in any way. Tho majority were very young, appa- j rently from ei^lrt to sixteen years of age. some j younger and sonic older; scarcely one, how- i ever, over twentv-five. iSome of them wove | able-hodied, j;ood sized and in go'cid ease ; but | the greater part were half grown childicn only, weak and worn. Many weie much I emaciated. and showed plainly the etTootu of their long ami crowded passage in a cmfined ' ship. ,\ low wen.' evidently ill and soon to ( <lio. All wore pure black in color except tho I dropsical, whoso skins wore tawny from (lis- j ease. Their hair is very short ami crisp.? Those who were well appeared curious and pleased, some of them ogling and gigg ing ami chattering, and tho others smoking tobacco out of short clay pines, with ertno stems just as our own negroes do. Those that were thin and sick looked dull and brutish, lint there was nothing wild or ferocious in their aspect. They looked amiable and docile, and readily obeyed tho commands of the person who had charge of them. They are groat tt.1 i - - r . >><!iivi, hum ii|>|iru|inti(n Avimtover tlioy can on overv occasion. There wore two hundred and twenty-nix males ami (it) females, who wero kojit sepernte on the dock and in the holds. The men and boys wero koi>t on tho forward dook and in the forward nold, which latter is 55 'feet long. l'J foot wido in the broadest part, and narrow at tlio lieftd, and 44 inches high the floor being formed of loose hoards, movable at jdonsure. The hold for the women anil girls is behind this. It is ii.?io i- i? > * ? *- i..v iiv i? M'i't MMig mid i;/ with?, i I'tuler this temporary ilnoringis stored tlio provisions, consisting of rice, peas, and tlio water to drink. Tholr food is boiled like "hoppinjohn," put in luickpts twice ji day, at 10 And 4 o'clock, anil placed in tho midst of circles of 8 or 10 each, and well guarded to prevent the strong negroes from taking more than tlieir share, although all are liberally allowed. A pint ol' water is given to each, i ** . r At i ^ ...i.i v> L iniiji. mii.H i-i mem sicoj) on dock, l>cingc placed in close onlor, sp'r.on fashion, on tlioi: hides, nnd not permitted to turn or move (hiring the night. At.dnyli lit they are dashed with buckets of wuter to wash them oft'. They pine; songs, clapping their Immls and roeking.their bodies in time, and these songs have a resemblance to some of our negro spirituals. Several of the negro follows exercise authority very much after the manner of our drivers, with airs of iiuiuuiiK uiKi i iiininiiiiB gesi if" isiii'in it in i griuinneCR. Others woip cooking the "big pot" like good fellows, with old brooches on. too, obtained from the sailors. The captain of the hold understands their lingo, ami .-ays they are very pvei>o to going hack to Africa, as tho United States' law requires. Our const resembles that they come from, ami tho "roup of nines opposite the city on the south, looks to tliem like coconut trees of their native Africa. Yesterday, under the dircetioh of the U. 8. civil officers, tho negroes, 'W' number, were taken by the steamer (.Sen, Clinch and conveyed toCasllo P'mckney, in our harbor, whero they will bo guarded by a detachment from the gnrri?on at .VVyt MonHvie. TT - - ' **" * " iikkk IS TIIK C5T0FF TO THINK OF.? " lie number of languages spoken is 5501)4. 'J'lie number of men is about equal to the number of women. The average of human life is !m> years. One quarter die before the age of 7. One half before the age of 17. To every 1,000 person*, one only vnnr'lioo 1 Aft t'Artvo 'l'/\ I 4111 i\ .^.?.vuvn aw rwi,7. J.U C*\i:i y 1 W, Olliy 3? rcech (if) years ; and more than one in i)00 reaches the a<*e of 80 years. There arc on earth 1,000,000,000 of inhabitant*!. Of these, 8:1,388,338 die every year; 7T?S0 every hour, and 00 every minute?or 1 for every second. J'licfso losses are about balanced by an equal number of births. The married are longer liveil than the single, and above all those who observe a sober and industrious conduct. Tall mon live longer than short ones. Women have more chance of life previous to the ape of 50 years than men, butfewer nftor. The number of marriages is in proportion of 7"> to 100. Marriages arc more frequent aftei' tho equinoxes?that is during the months of .June and December. Those born in spring nre gen ernlly moro robust than other*. Births and deaths are more frequent bv night, tlu?u bj J O'l.. 1 ' V < 1 ? ?mj. j ii * iiiuurr ui men capaojo 01 OOnringnrms (s calculated nt one-fourth of the population. ? ? IlAUMT/*sb AN'DKtntE ( Vuk i*on Waiits. ?Take two or throe cents' worth of Hal ammoniac, dissolve it iii a ?<ill of soft water, and wet the warts frequently with this solution, when,they will disappear in the eour.se of' a week or two. 1 have frequently tried this euro for wnrts, nnd it has never failed. I i e ii.? I JII iviuriMiuu IU iIIU HIJUV", nit! pcicnnno Aniovicnn?govd authority on Mich subjects?rcmnvk* : Wo nre inclined to believe in the efTiency of our correspondent's euro for common warts, bedrnwo wc know tlmt nlkulinc solution soften* thoin, and irriuln?n.. , ...? :? ??'' i wiry uiiw mum tivvtiY, <"? " WKre, y\ C nave removed rquio of tliojo unpleasant nfcin ex-j cfcscdiicea with n weak solution o* potash applied in-the?ft?ifl ttinnnerafc thr> Ad! aniin6?iac.. Letter from Col. Davis. In response to a letter from Mnjj .Jamen Roach, ?>f Vioksburjr, directing his fHtcntioti to what lie h;i? been reported to have said on board the Htenmer Joseph Whitney, on Independence Day, lion. Jefferson l)n,.;u ),.,o ?1.~ f.'.n i > > . ... ...... hihivii niv: njiniwin^ it'piy, WllU'll is published in the Miasipijippiuii of tlic 17th iust: I'mttfiann, Mr., Aug. 3,1858. Ma,i. Jas. HoacIi?Dear Sir : 1 have just received your letter, and notice your comments in relation to whr.t T am re]>ortcd to lmvo said in some remarks addressed to tho passengers on board the steamer Joseph WllitnilV wIllMl llwv *1* ? .. ....... . , M ..V> V..V I II*. IV, WllllllUlliyiiil'INJt | the anniversary of our .National Indepeu- | deuce. It if? not true that I said there or ! elsewhere that the Union never could be dissolved.* I have no such happy assurance and could only derive it from a conviction that fraternity and respect for the Constitution would always he supreme over fanaticism and sectionalism. Tlll-rrt WJ1? im rniifirfr nf fl./i e 1 - 1- ' i11' t,w : notes were taken. I was called upon t?t j write out my remarks, but declined, as nei- ' ther my health nor existing circumstances [ would permit me to make the attempt. A ! sketch inado from memory, by one of the j passengers, was published in the Hoston Post. Any intelligent reader will .<-ee that j it is quite meagre, and that the division by 1 paragraph is misplaced. The clause?"and | this great country will continue united," ] belongs to what it went before, viz : "That j though we should have domestic nunrrols 1 on our hands, t !io foreign power who should count upon our divisions as rcudering us unablo to resist nggression, would bo disappointed, as shown in the position of the people in relation to recent outrages in the Gulf of Mexico. What follows suggests to my mind when | 1 read it, a new train of thougnt, such as > was presented in tho resolution of the j i\ " 1 . inv; ju^iho J/CIUUiriltlU V OllYCUllOU 01 IHol, when wo announced separation from tlie I'nion sis a right to which we would only recur when it became the i last resort, and the only remedy for evils which could not bo borne. Politicians who disregard or cannot see the benefits of our Constitutional I'nion, and who for some minor grievance of their own, or from a fanatical spirit and arrogant Assumption to pluck the mote from their ava 1* 1 - v?vv>tw* o \ jv, clllllVUIIt'U tutu ro'iuiill'KM \o j dissolve tho Union, do, in my opinion, trifle with a grave subject, and deserve rebuke from every reflecting citizen of the United States. Id ore than this, I am sure, Iv could not | have said, and such I think is a fair interpretation of the brief sketch given of my remarks, which certainly were not designed to imply a disavowal of the doctrines which 1 have always entertained touching States Hiji'ius ana state remedies tor intolerable grievance; nor to east reflections upon the political friends with whom it lias ever been my pride to co-operate. Very truly your friend, Jkki-'kkso.v Davis. The Duel between Mcairs- Calhoun and Brevocrt. We venture to publish the following extract from n letter recently received, dated j T* _ * * * ' * - - * im is, .AUgU6t otn, ana written to a friend in this city. The writer is, of course, well known in Columbia, mid tho names mentioned in the letter are too familliarly known over the Ptatc, sofcfinlly and ot.hoVwise, f">' us to he charged with indelicacy in giving them in full : " The statements in the American papers in relation to the duel between llanf'i.Hi/.tin ,, - i? * , X I.IHWUK ci11vi yuiiuu WCTU HO vague and unsatisfactory, tlmt, I have been j induced, since mv arrival in Paris, to make j some particular inquiries concerning the \ whole affair. To my entire satisfaction, I have found that the conduct of our young countryman throughout was up to every requisite of his friends and the State-?brave honorable and judicious. Mr. Alan Izard, Mr Robert Pringlo and Judge Mason, ape-jut in me mjniost icrms or laWiomi's conduct and bearing. 1 have also ppokfcli with Col. Purports, Olov. Aikch and others, whoHCtiin greatly gratified, that in a caso of extreme delicacy, and difficulty, 3Ir. Calhoun has home himself with the manliness becoming his name and Stale, and the disereti >n demanded by his position. The immediate ease was this : fur harsh words wnnl'nn Uinn'AAvf efiui/i)' i I1 II 1 1WMPWUI IX ViMHUUII. \ 1!JilUUII challenged. JJvcyoort fired after time.? Calhoun's second, of course, instantly and poremptotily declined further proceedings. Subsequently, however, the seconds choso to submit the matter to a board of honor. This board decreed that fi Mr. llrcvoort fired after the expiration of the ,ii.no agreed on, and, thereforo, the duel wug properly stopped." " The force ami effoot of tncli a dceroe c.iiti. 1 ?m .o ??? IJ ?.n,v..HV"U ill UII1 I?l l-l I llllt*. I 111: | second who >voulu permit another mooting tinder thc?o. circunistunecK, would, with us, be deemed iiptirticep* crim in is to an anHaxKinatiou, &o. <Sre.'' Ypi;n<i Mkv.-?A young man enfeving into life without''tivo support and ?;uidanoo of religion, is like a vessel with H? f>ailn spread open to every broeae, committing it self to ooeiin without chuvt. rudder, or pilot, tossed to ami fro ifi the diirl<n?,ss of midnight; oonflieting with viojont storing and ready to ho dashed on the rockf, or siwaJlowi (I up iu the r?l>y;fc.-J-ZVi Wilt. 1 Gambling on the Mississippi. We sire told tlmt gambling preyiiJIs to a fenv(\il extent on l>otml ttie ?toilmbonis tlmt pass upnnd down the Mississippi Kivf>r.--? All sorts of gmncH ir.o piftctiuoU tlune, and nnion^ tho-e who travel are some oftlm must linislK'ii aim i?iau.?u>io rogues; >\ *lmrt timn since, n party of blueklogn induced nuvonil returned ('iiliforninns to venture a few bun* died dollars upon I lie chaneoft of the cards or1 the dice, and at the end of the game the Cal* it'.nniiuia discovered that three counteif'cit bill > , for S'.'it) each, bad heen missed off npoli them. They immediately demanded ?<>0d money in cxebanpo. This was refused tor ?v time, as the blacklegs nrctomlod that they bad none. T'.iey were tlien given to understand that, unless they rectified tlio fraud immediately, they would be forced to 1?ko their chnnees for the nieht at the vcrv next uninhabited island tlmttlie boat should roach Finding tho alternative rather seriouti, thev reluctantly made tlie exchange demanded, and endeavored to conciliate I lie Californians i>v inviting then) todrink. The same knaves, u day or t wo before, contrived to win SljtKK' from a very yonng mefchant of Louisiana, who whs on his way North t?bitv jiOndrt. (. ambling on the Mississmpi U a profession which is followed by hundreds, old as well us young. All sorts of combinations arc formed by these gentry. They will coino on beard a boat from different points, and as apparent strangers, and after getting aeiptainied with the various parties, two or three will set down to a ginning table, with the ohject of merelv killing time. (Iradually.however, they w ill tempt the inexperienced, by drink and excitement, and then proceed to cheat and blunder them, ns i?onllv na if were engaged in some creditab'lo employmcnt. On one occasion, u noted counterfeiter was discovered to bo on u boat, when bo was immediately put ashore, and at n point where the prejudice agninvt counterfeiters was so groat that they often hung them up without judge or jury. Li toon the Mississippi is ehnraetcmcd by extraordinary hcones and incidents. I; is stated that on a recent occasion, a clergymen was earnestly engaged in prenehing to a considerable audience at one end oi' tlie steamer. whil ' in tjie middle gambling was in busy progress, and at the other end of the saloon were music and dancing. .Many of the bouts are fitted up in the most magnificent style, and amount, in fact, to floating palaces'. It often occurs that they uro occupied bv 5,000 souls and upward. The cost of if cabin passage from New Orleans to St. Louis is about ?"20. That of a deck passago is. < f course, much lower. All the lending towns and cities are stopped at, and thus constant changes take place in the inmates of" me uoiit. in Homo cnscs, large profits arc realized. Thus, a few weeks since, a stoamer that sailed from Xcw Orleans to St. I/otiia had a freight list that amounted to $4(1,000, in addition to the receipts of the passoligor money and the bars. The quantity of wood that is consumed i>? immense; it ranges uometimea ns high aw two hundred cords a day. Tho scenes of "wooding," especially at night, are lull of excite ment. It sometimes hnppens that newly every nation on the face of tlie globe has its representatives on board of one of theso steamers. The travel up and down the river amounts to tens of thousands nor annum, while tho freight that passes inwnrd ami outward mnv he o?timntrd in value at millions. A friend from whom we gather these facta informs us that a short time Mnco he had occasion to travel from Aew Orleans to >31. liuuif, mill II liny or l\VO ?Iier III! WHM oil board the boat lio bccatnc ncqtmintcil with a modest and unnnaMming vouyg gentleman, whose manners were so mild and conversation so intellectual, that he supposed he was u young lawyer, a physician. or perhaps u student ot'divinity. "('lie next day he dis| covered that he was one ol' the most aeeoin1 plished gamblers of his age in the Western country.? Chicuyo Joiirn<<!. Com i'muent to Mil. Si'f.akru Orr.?We Wiirn from tho South Carolina journals time tiie noighbofr, ei<nstituenis, and political friends of'.Mr. Speaker Orr, nstscin hied lit L'rajtonville, in tlmt .State, oil tho 12(h iiist., to tender to this distinguished gentleman tin? deserved compliment of a public dinner, as well from respect for hiH long and eminent sen ires in Congress as in token of their es H.-V.UI iut iimi personally. is appropnately remarked by tlic Amlerson (S. C.) Gazette, in cotimiemoruting thin festive gathering of Mr. Orr's i'riomls and admirers, "it was meet that those who have known him during his infancy ami youth ; who had at the age of twenty-five to Congress, should greet him in a demonstration ot approval lit the place of lii? birth?covered with long and faitlifnl >cr* vices, and adorned with the rohtis of speaker | of the 'i'hivty.fifth Congress." As line no loss to tlu>. n(n?!al nn?!i!.\.. ?t'Mr. Orr than to tlio.nbiliiy and dignity lie 11tvh displayed in tlib dlacliarge of fts rosimri-* sible dtttioH, as, wo nirty add, of those w iilch pertain to every public station ho lins Leon called to occupy, wo to-day And room foe tin/ ] insertion of so tmtch of the ndih ess delivered j by hint 611 the oc casion above designated as will nerve to indicate the views of the spea ker 011 the various topics (f our currcnt politics which it bcrnmc his province to pass in review. These views, while naturallv ttikim? somewhat of tlicir color from tlic j><Vliticni con timont s ciVfcVIairfoil by Mr. Orr, will h? found pcrvndod by a breadth of conception and iv soundness of judgment which du honor to hia intolligeiuo und candor u? an Amorjcan xtatctMiuin, called to discuss question?) <d" lijab political concern in tho lis jit not only of temporary expediency, but of nublic right and natural jusmc.Wy<ifioti(tl itt/dliiji vrrr. ?- - - ItllUMKOK IjKVT AT llo.MK.?lion. Jo?* huu H. UiddingB, oftor twenty yemx' uninterrupted find competitive wrvice in tlio House of HcprcKcnt-wtivcH, lifln at Inst been dropped by his republican constituents.?* The ^otygroph Apprised us a few dnys i>p?? tlint the old veteran to be left lit liotno mill Mr. Iliiti'liiiwm ??? - - !? ; ' his stcnil. The retirement of Mr. O'uldinjrs from-the political stnge, nnd rmppmrnnco of Mr. Corwin upon it, rtr?vovy si<rmfieimt political events, when taken together. The power ot' tho old abolition ir thoroughly brokoQ '.u Qlcio.