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ttl SSIA AND THE CAUCASIANS. The recent arrivals from Europe bring us further intelligence of the Miccesses of the Caucasians against the troops of Russia. \\ t? nave not ai hand the annals of the present war between Russia and the inhabitants of the Caucasus, so that we can Mate the length of time for which it has lasted, but we believe it is six or seven years, it may be more. It appears to have been a series of successes on the part of that brave but semi-barbarous people. They have successfully resisted every attempt on the part of the Russian to make himself master oi their countryi and beaten him back in almost every attack. Thousands of the ltussion soldieiy have left tlioir bones in the passes of the Caucasus; vast sums have been expended by the Russian government in recruiting forces to be beaten, in purchasing munitions of war to be wasted. and in casting guns to be captured by the mountaineers. The Polish insurrection has been put down;andthe Polish race reduced to passive submission; Hungary has been subdued, Germany overawed by Russian arms, since (lie war with the tribes of the Caucasus began; and still the Asiatics maintain, at the jKjint of the sword, the liberties of their race against the power which iioids ali continental 'Europe in fear. According to the latest inlellifreuce, the Caucasians were in the full pi ogress of victory, and having routed the Russian army, and enriched themselves by its spoil, were sending out emissaries to invite the peo pie oi the lower country to enter into a league witJi them. and become independent of Russia. If the arms) of any nation could subdue these fierce tribes, \vn might expect that Russia would ho su ^essiul. The Russian army is proverbial for the perfection of its discipline, the unqucs lioned obedience of its soldiery, and lis natient endurnnrn nf Imnkliiiv No troops in llie world have more ?perhaps none so much?of that steadiness in the f:u*e of danger,; which is the result of mere training. "\\ ith such troops, furnished by the immense population of the largest empire of Europe, from which any diminution in their numbers is easily and immediately supplied?with such troops, led by able and experienced commanders, skilled in all those dreadful devices for destroying human life, which are called improvements in the art of war, under the direction of a government the most inflexible and persevering in its policy, it would be natural to suppose that a campaign against a rude and half civilized people, whose only arms are their musKcis and swords, and whose only fastnesses their mountains, would soon he ended. It is not SO. howevor. Tim iccnn nf 1 his contest, thus tar, lias shown the superiority, in certain situations at least, of that valor which is the result of feeling, to that which is mere- ( ly the result of discipline. The llus- ( sians have foup-ht mechanically, tlie ( Caucasians with spirit; the Russians have fought as a matter of habitual obcdience to command; the Caucasi- , ans as if each man felt that the independence of his country depended on his single arm. In the last eniracre ment of which \vc have accounts, the mountaineers, l)ing in . mbush, and , almost destitute of ammunition, leap- j ed with their drawn swords among the enemy, and fighting hand, like the combatants in the battles of Homer, cut the Russian army in pieces. It is impossible not to feel a strong interest in a people which has, with such g?' llantry and constancy, main liunuu us independence?a people which, though dwelling in Asia, is of near kindred with the people of civilized Europe. We speak of the Caucasian countenance and figure as a sort of archetype?proof impres. sions? of Human beauty; in what we call the Caucasian physiognomy, we fancy we perceive the external signs of the largest intellectual capncity, and we love to speak of ourselfs as belonging to the Caucasian race. We cannot witness the heroic strug-! gle which these untameable mountaineers are making to preserve their independence against the colossal power of Russia without (eeling some pride in the relationship. We should he glad to hope that the Russian government might yet grow weary of this unsuccessful contest, and, withdrawing lis forces, allow ihe Caucasians (o govern themselves in their own way, and to cultivate the arts of peace. However lwwl . mu men government might be, it could not he worse than the depotism of Russia; and such is the high spirit of their nature, that in all probability their institutions would be far more favorable to personal liberty. So long as the y remain in a state of warfare, their imperfect civilization must continue; so long must they have few arts and few wants; and it is only by long years of peace that they could rise to 11,1 at position among na* natiohs, which their natural capacity qualifies them lp attain- . , We are not certain, however, that Russia will ever desist from harassing them with hostilities. The drain j which these annually make upon her population is supplied without difficulty, and it may he that her government looks upon the war as a convenient method of training her generals, keeping her troops in order, and acriKloniinrr (Imm in ?/>nno? n! /lsninroi' [Philadelphia North American. K KO WE K COURIER | Friday, Sept. 0, 185?. With a viow of accommodating our Su scribers who live at i\ distance, the following ; gentlemen are authorized and requested to , ! net as agents in receiving and forwarding Sub ' criptons to the Iyeowke Oourikr, viz: Mu. W. S. Grisjiam, at West Union. Kuwako Huoiik*. Esn.. " Horse Shoe. Iv P. V KiisKn, UsM., " Rnchclur'n Retreat M. F. Mitchell, Kshj.. " PickeuBvityf. J. 12. ll.uioon, " Twelve ilile. J.T. Weiui. for Anderson District. The Texas Legislature.?This! body, which is now in session, is said lo have received Governor Bell's j ATnccnrr.! n svimncic nl \t;n give on another page, with much enthusiasm. The Governor say. "the time for argument and expostulation has past anil that nothing will now satisfy Texas but the complete subjugation to her authority of the four disaffected Counties," and this seems to be as far as we can judge from indications which have romp undnr mir nh sol vation, the popular feeling on the subject. IIow Mr. Pearco's Bill will be received we are unable to say, we are disposed to think, however, that its reception will not be very favorable,' though the fact that it has received the support of Senators Rusk and Houston would seem to induce a different opinion. The ljorislaturc has made provision for raising and keeping in the ! field five regiments, which Governor Hell will lead in person to the clebat table lands. j The Late Storm.?From all' quarters we hear accounts of the disasters occasioned by the violent wind and rain of '21th ult. As far South as Texas and as far North as Canada i j the storm, coming, in different locali-' ties from different points of the com-! j)ass, appears to have raged with great violence, and the shipping on the ! Atlantic coast has suffered greatly. NEW POST ROUTES. I - -- ----- - , The House lias passed the Bill i 14ito establish certain Post Road/ in the United States,11 which will doubt-, loss pass the Senate in a few days, j In the second Congressional Dis-! trict of South Carolina the following' new Post routes are established: 1st. From Newberry C. II., via [ Keynosa, Huntington, Cross Anchor, j Woodruffs, and Pleasant Grove, to , Mevrittsvillc in the District of Greenville. 2. From Laurens C. II., via North | Crcrk, Milton, Spring Grove, Cross j Hill, Waterloo, Mount Gallayher, | Brewerton, Simpsons Mills. Tumb. ng Shoals, lleaberns1 Creek back to j Laurens C. II. 3. From Pickens G. IT., via Clay-1 tons' Mills, Salubrity, Pickensville, j Wolf Crock, James Hughes, to Pick- i | ens C. If. 1. From Pickens C II., via Robert Stewarts, Andersons1 Mills, and J. Nix's 011 Eastatoe, to Pickens C. ! II. 5. From Anderson to Athens, Geo. G. From Dysons' Mills, by Greenwood, Dead-fall, Cokesbury, and Mount Hill, to Anderson, S. C. Professor Webster was hung at Boston on the 30th tilt. He dird 1 I penitently and without a struggle,! | and is said to hav made no further i confession. n otTces . The Edinburgh Review for July j ! and Blackwood's Magazine for AuI gust have been received from Leonard Scott & Co., N* Y. ! -\x/~ i ^ ? ? I nuvu on our lauie ooaey s Lady's Book, for October, which is quite an interesting number. The School Fellow.?The August number of this interesting Httie Magazine has been received from ! Walker & Richards, Charleston. Tli* Pni mpr Rj PInr?U?r. ~ *?v* y L/|#^VI?I bo,r number, from Seaborn & Gil j man, Pendleton, S. C. has been reJ reived, and though we are not deeply versed in matters pertaining either to practical or scientific farming, ! yet we are assured by 'one who 1 knows.' ihrit tli<> nrpspnt nnmhor n I very superior one. The Bruiser, is a facetious paper ' just getting under way at Atlanta, (iaM ami purporting to be edited by I Sam Slick. One has only to glance ! atlhe contents of this sheet to see I hat its Slick is no relation of the j Slick of Slirkville. AtlTllln'c HaMV f i A FfHTL' Tliisi I is a large and beautiful sheet just ' started in Philadelphia, by that popular writer, T. S. Arthur. The Home Gazette endeavors to be what its name purports, a family paper, and from its handsome appearance, and the high charactei ofits Editor, i we make 110 boubt but that it will j meet with liberal patronage, and soon become a welcome visitant to ; many a happy circle. We wish Mr. Arthur all success in his new en | terprise. Editorial Change.?S. A. Godman, tho spirited Editor and propri-; ctor of the Tjaurensville Herald, im])ol!ed by failing health, has retired from the editorial management of, that paper, and is to be succeeded by Messrs. J. D. Wright and 11. M. j Stokes. 1 n welcoming these gentle-; ? r..-: i ujt;h iuiw inv; i.ui|)S) wu itci assured thai in (heir hands the Herald will fully sustain the high character which it acquired under the management of the late Editor, for whose happiness and future prosperity, we take this occasion to express our warmest wishes. [communicated.] Mr. Editor : The appropriation ; made by the last Legislature for the ! purpose of adding fife-proof Offices to the Court House in your Village, lias excited considerable interest in various parts of the District; while the unlucky Contractor and his still more ill-fated bull have formed the theme of many a witling's jest. Myself and neighbors were highly pleased when we heard "the appro-j prition'1 had been made, nor did we j dream that there could be found a j solitary individual in all the District j who would object to it. We were, | however, to some extent mistaken, as we hr.ve met with a few persons who manifest some discontent on the sub i ject. My neighbors and myself, Mr. Ed;i??. r ?! i nv/1) cuu jjictm lunucis, ana wc llcld j in our simplicity supposed, that, First,i it would be 110 inconsiderable benefit j to the District, could the Public Re- j cords, the evidence of the right and i title of most of our property, be so cured from the dangers of fire, this j could only be done by placing them I in fire-proof Offices; and, Secondly, as | it would be a haevy tax to the people of the District were they to undertake unaided to build these Ollires, it was therefore an act of kindness in the State lo build them for us, I and one too, for which, if we did not wish to acquire a character for ungratefulness, wc should be reasonblv J I thankful. All are aware of the immense importance of the public records, and of the almost incalulablc loss which would be occasioned by their destruction; such a catastrophe would carry absolute ruin to hundreds of our best citizens, and therefore the positive necessary for securing them from all hazards, cannot fail to be an-! parent to every one; while anj' body, who yvill pause one moment to refloct, must see what iminent risks they run locked up in rooms which are exposed every hour to the dangers of fire. Besides, litis District has been greatly neglected by the Legislature^ and has never received one fourth of the aid which has been lavished on i ii ii . . r n. . * ine oilier juistricis 01 tne siatg, and ; wliile (hey arc fattening on the pub; lie crib, it is but fair that she should be allowed to gather some of tho crumbs which fall from the people's table. The chief cause of discor.tent ?jema to be the excavations which j are going forward on the public | square, and though these are absolutely ncccssary to perfect the intcn 4 r Jtl tion the "appropriation}" they arc undertaken at the expense of the Commissioners of Public Buildings, and not one cent of the "appropriation" can be touched for this purpose. It seems to mo. Mr. EHifor. so strange and unnatural for people who are in need to reject assistance, that I cannot refrain from thinking that they who eondcmn this Appropriation .are either not in earnest, misinformed or belong to that singular class of men who are ever 011 the look-out for something to condemn. A Tuualo Farmer. The Tragedy at Troy.?Further Particulars.?We extract the following further nnrfir.nlr?i\a r?f rible murder and suicide of VV. A. Caldwell and Louisa C. Van Winkle, i at the St. Charles Hotel, Troy, on Wednesday morning, from the Troy Budget of Wednesday evening: One of the witnesses at the Coroner's inquest being sworn, testified that he had known Caldwell for five or six years. Saw deceased 011 Monday and Tuesday, and deceased told witness that lie was on a spree, and the constables were after him.? lie said they had arrested him at the Mansion Home in Williamstown, Mass., but that he had whipped them and escaped. lie said he had got a carriage at the livery stable and had run away with it, and had left his baggage there. II he had poison he would take it. Wanted witness to get him two bottles of Congress water and some lunar caustic. Witness sent the Congress water but not the caustic. Deceased said ho hnd nn. other man's wife with him from New l'ork. Witness came to sec Caldwell again; deceased asked him why the devil be did not send him that vial. Caldwell wanted witness to call in the evening, but witness had not time to do so. Doctor Bontecou testified that he first examined the bodies, which were both cold, and exhibited the appear- j ance of having been dead several hours. The body of the lady was reeling on the arm of the man in an ' affectionate position; her hand cross- | ed on her chest and throat cut from ear to car; and seemed to have died | verv easy, countenance pleasant, and position that of a person sleep-1 ing by the side of one in whom she had every confidence. The man exl.Xli-l -! n ' ' " iiiimuu signs 01 naving struggled somewhat after the commission of the deed; his hand lying on his chest i after having laid the razor by his side; i his throat was cut very badly, severing the windpipe entirely, and cans ing a grenl amount of homorrhage ; his cloak was on the bed outside of the clothes, and all were badly confused. The verdict of the jury we have already given. Several letters found Caldwell's person plainly showed that the suicide had been premedita- ] ted. The following is one of the letters referred to: My Brother is W. E. Caldwell, No. 19 Heaver street, New York. The horse here belongs to the Mansion House, in Williamstown, Mass., where all my things are. I die by opium and chloroform?let our bodies remain ciuict?unopened. W. A. Caldwele. Our only request is that we be hurried together in Greenwood cempf IV. A , M . /\. V. The following found in Caldwell's hat, would indicate that they contemplated suicide by drowning: Whoever may find this hat?they can inform, that in the stream rests bodies of two?W. A. Caldwell, of j New York, and Louisa (J. Van Win-' kle, of Brooklin letters can be found in my trunk, at Mansion House, Wjlhamstown, Mass. Sunday, Aug. 18, 1850. The appearance of the room show eu mai ^aidwell and Iiis companion had attempted suicide as indicated below. '1 lie following note explains the fact?it was founaon the table: Our room shows that we failed in attempting to deprive us of our life by taking opium?but as that has t failed we die oy the sword. Courage bold? W. C. A. Lfittors in mv twinlr at W!llinw*? ... ... 7 >t unta Ub ? IIIKllIIO" town, Mass., will explain all. W. C. A. j Another Mammoth Cave.?The | cave recently discovered near Madij son, Wisconsin, is supposed to exi tend under ihe greater part of Dove and Iowa counties. An exploring party lately passed five days in examining it. They passed over and among large masses, which proved to be lead ore of fine quality, spreading over an extent of three miles. They found, also, fine copper ore, and eleven pounds of native silver* Crystals, stalactites, incrustations, &.C., were abundant, rtnd waterfalls and a lake, which was ?*nlored in n canoe, and found to be thirty-seven feet deep. <gjj$'1M? : *. r v*> ?.. Mrs. Gen. Gaines is now at at ViTmvflgton, Be., with her early . friendtj (lie wife of the Rev. Chambers. ' ^ " ' ' o o m.Qi & (g$$ op w Atu In the Senate on Thursday SGtli ult., tlie military academy bill was taken up, and an amendment was agreed to increasing the salaries of professors and teachers. The bill v*/n? nrflnrflfl fn n ll-iivst rnmliiwr ...... ~ ....... . | The bill from the House granting i bounty land to certain officers and soldiers who have been engaged in j the military rervicc of the United States was taken up with an amend lnont reported by the committee of public lands. Mr. Mason moved an amendment providing for the issue of certificates for, and bounties on treasury scrip receivable at the land office, instead of giving a warrant to be located at the option of the holder. After debate, the bill was postponed till to-morrow. Mr. Yulee offered a motion for printing 300 extra copies of documents relative to the boundary dis-! putc between Georgia and Florida. Agreed to. The Senate went into executive session, and when the doors were opened the Senate adjourned. In the House, ou motion of Mr. McDonald (the morning hour having expired) the House proceeded ?~"*l :.i J:--- -f'i-- ? : ii* lilt: CUIISIUUIUIIUI1 Ol WHJ UllSIIKISS on the Sneakers table, which brought up the Texas boundary bill, and Mr. Boyd's amendment to annex Utah and New Mexico thereto. I Mr. Boyd was entitled to the foor, but Mr. Meade rose and made a question of order, that under the rule, the bill being on the question of a third reading; should take its place behind those bills on the Speaker's table which had been ordered to be I 1 1 * ? i unurcjssrn anarcaua iinm lime. The Speaker overruled the point I of order, and showed that the practice had been otherwise under the i rule. I Mr. Thompson, of Miss, appealed : from the decision of the chair, and made some remarks in support of his appeal. Mr MoLanc. of Md. made some j remarks in support of the decision of j the chair, showing thai the decision was in accordance with the practice of the House this session. The appeal was laid upon the table without a division. Mr. Meade objected loa third rea- i dinjor of the bill. The chair said it was not in order at this stage of the bill to make such objection. Mr. JBurt claimed it is a right (and made a point of order) that before the gentleman from Kentucky (Mr. Boyd) could move an amendment, he had a right to claim the floor to make a motion to commit the bill. The chair overruled the point of order. t\flV orvnnnl Afl ' 1?" .ipjjuu.vtu uum ?uu ueuision of the chair. After debate by Messrs. Phelps and Burt, Mr. Ashmun moved to lay the ap peal on Ihe table. Mr. Burt demanded the yeas and nays; they were ordered and taken, and the House laid the appeal on the table, bv yeas 154, and nays 51. Mr. Boyd said that the whole subject had been examined by every member; as much so as if the subject was kept open for discussion for a year, lie said it had been his intention to exami call ihe questions in voivcd 111 tins bill, hut would waive such inteuliou for the purpose of action, which was so much needed to f^ive quiet to the country. He be-1 ieved that unless the amendment i was adopted, and nil tlw territorial j questions carried through in the one ' bill, that no one measure calculated to give quiet to the country could be passed this session, He believed that the interests of all sections of the Union would be as well protected under this bill as any that could be devised. He concluded, however, by savin? that, for the purpose of satisfying gentlemen, he would withdraw that part of the amendment proposed by him yesterday, of providing for establishing a territorial government in Utah. ~ Mr. Olingman then obtained the floor and moved the following amend ment to the amendment, viz: And be it further enacted, That all portion of territory acquired from Mexico by the treaty of Guadalupe Ilidalgo, bounded as follows: By a line commencing in the Pacific Gcean, on the parallel of 30 deg. north latitude, three miles from the main Intnl. 1'iinrmirr flim 1* , - ?- ^ .nvi.V*/ U Uly V/IIOl till It strikes the sierra Nevada, thence oastwardly and northwardly with the crest of said mountain range until it strikes the parallel oftt(> deff. north latitude, thence due east with , said parallel until it strikes the Sierra Madre, tlience southerly with the crest of the same until it reaches the boundary bet ween the United States and the republic of Mexico, thence westwardly with the said boundary to the Pacific ocean, 1 hence northwardly with the coast to the beginning; the whole of the said territory I to constitute the territory oi" Colored ' y*~- 1 * do; and that tho government of said territory shall in all respects be similar to that provided for the territory of New Mexico by the accompanying provisions of this bill. Mr. McDonald raised a question of order on the amendment. The chair ruled it in order. Mr. Allen appealed from the decision. | Mr. Duer moved to lay the appeal on the table- The question was taken by yeas and nays, and the appeal was laid on the table?yeas navs (58. ^ Mr. CMingman explained the amendment. His object was to make a new territorial organization out of that portion of California within the bounds described in his amendment. If; he said, the North would give proper territory, slavery will go there, as it was a mining country. Mr. Ashmun obtained the lloor, 1 i. ;m? expressed ins readiness to vote for all measures separately; or, if compelled to do so, connectedly. He | said there had been debate enough, and therefore moved the previous questionAfter many points of order, and attempts to make propositions to amend, &,c. The House was counted by tellers, to ascertain whether there was a st cond for the previous question.?r The tellers reported vcas 71, nays ! 1C:1 JSo there was no second. Mr. McGlernand moved to recotn , mil the bill, and on that motion j moved the previous question. The ! question was not taken, and tho Mouse did not second the previous j question. i Mr. Root moved to amend the mot ion to commit the hill, by adding 1 thereto the Wilmot Proviso, i Mr. McClornnnd appealed to ! members of both parties to vote 1 down this proviso. j Mr. JJrooks of New York, denoun cod the attempt to throw in this pro* | viso to embnrras action at thi# time. The House adjourned. From the linlt. llepub. and Argut. Washington, Aug. 25* A glance at your report of yesterday's proceedings in the 1 louse, will show you that all my foreshadowings of the movements of theTnridites have been verified to the letter. The tariff clause, which Mr. Hampton of Pennsylvania, proposed to in: sert in the Civil and Diplomatic bill, , was the result of the caucus of which 1 gave you an intimation. The original shape was that of a bin, but ii was changed to suit the emergency. Encouraged by the closeness ol the test vote (that on sustaining the decision of lhr? fluur. rnlin?v j movement out of order, 81 to 77) the ! friends of the measure have had another caucus, and have been busy as nailers cvfcr since, looking to another trial of their strength. They have not much hope of finally carrying their Tariff amendment to the Appropriation hill through the House; i but tl'ey arc anxious to iret their names unpon the record of yeas and nays. It is important in view of the elections in the manufacturing secJ tions of the county, that they should make a show of hands. One would think at the first glance, that they would be afraid of defeating, or at least retarding the Appropriation bill, but they reason that, if they should be so lucky as to fret their iron and | coal protecting section tacked on to the bill, the same majority that could effect that would be able to pass the bill with the TarifT clause* and that j the Northern Democrats would not I risk a vote against a billl of such great importance on account of such addition to it. Whether they reckon aright or not, they will certainly make the trial to-morrow. There will be another effort made, to-morrow, to got a time fixed forth? final adjournment. Some of the friends 01 the movement have been stirring round to-day, with that vi?w. I do not think it wifl succeed. Nor do 1 think it would effect any goo:! purpose- I still think that the best way to im early adjournment would 1 be to go earnestly to work and get ready for it, in other words to work for it. The new Administration seema to be fated. Yesterday morning, the Intelligencer-stated that the Secretar_??:? ** " I ly ui mo imrrior, v-*ir. ivicivennon,) | lincl gene homo on a visit to bis family. Every body was struck with tho soonness of his visit home, and wero at a loss how to account for it, when, lo and behold! it has fumed out that he has gone wit' the intention of remaining there, in plain words, that he has virtually resigned. itfi ' I learned this last evening, from ft. source whose reliability, I could not doubt, and my inquiries today have confirmed it. The surprise excited by this event was vers great, arid it was particularly unwelcome to tho :?- i * enlistivuiiiHiizi iwjrei wno cxen?a themselves so much to get Mr. Melt ennon into the plaee. It has them completely in the lurch, scores of their fellow citizens, who have been expecting office, lejing thus " thrown into despair. * i 9 *