Keowee courier. (Pickens Court House, S.C.) 1849-current, June 28, 1850, Image 2
the people of the Sou 1i to enter any portion
of the territory, which, according to
the terms of annexation, are now free to
them, neither Texas nor the General Government
have any right to make. The
terms of annexation chnslitutc the compact
of union between 7exas and the other
States of the confederacy?and this
compact secures irrevocably to tlie people
of the slaveholding Slates the right of
entering with their property all her territory
lying south of 3G deg. 30 inin, north
latitude?whilst fiom a 1 her territory
lying north of that line thty are excluded.
The bill in the Senate makes no provision
for carrying out these terms of the com
pact, but leaves in doubt the right of
the southerned neonle. throughout all the
1 I ' O ---terr'tory
proposed to be purchased;
whilst ninny who support the hill declare
that in effect it excludes entirely the peo- j
pie of the southern States from all the
territory purchased. The least evil there- j
fore, the bill can bring to the people of
the southern States on entering it, will
be contention, harassment and litigation. 1
lint vnn will n fni'i* inoilomt'iln
..... .V._,
conception of the importance of (lie territory
taken fiorn Texas by the bill, if you
confine your views to Texa?. If you will
look at the map of tho United States,
you will perceive that the territory pro- !
posed to be surrendered by Tcsas lies
throughout ils whole extent along th.c ,
western frontier of the Indian territory.
This is now a slaveholding country; and
must be considered as a part of the
South. Place alonrr thfirwhnln \vr>sfr>rn I
boundary two non-slaveholding Slates,
and how long will the Indians be able to
maintain the institution : f slavery? If j
the agency of Congress is not used to 1
abolish directly slavery in the Indian territory,
this end can be easily accomplish- |
cd by the very means now in operation
nmiincl il.? C c?...i ?
. i????vi j 111 tuv uuuuiriii oum-Si
which the Indian will liavc but little pow- |
or to resist. The effect will he, that tho .
Indian territory, large enough for two
more States, will he controlled by the
lion-slaveholding States. Thushy these
two points in the report, the South will
lose four large States in California, two
in Texas, and two in the Indian territory.
Nor is this all. The non-slavcholding
States will ho brought to the western
hniindnrv nf Miconni! ?. ./! A
along their wliole extent, and will bound
Texas on her whole northern and western
frontier. Thus the southern Stales will
he hemmed in by the non-slaveholdinfr
States on their whole western border?a
policy which they have declared essential
to the end of abolishing slavery in
the southern States. What can compensate
the south for such enormous wrong
and spoliation.
T}..i i1.:? ! . ?1 1 e
uut una nut inu uiiu ui your conces- j
fiions by this report. Wc must not yield
to the interests, but to the prejudices of
the northern people. Slavery existed in
the District of Columbia when Congress
accepted the cession of the territory composing
it from the Slates of Maryland
and Virginia. Ko one. can suppose that
Maryland and Virginia, slaveholding
States then and slaveholding States now,
could have designed to give Congress .
any power over the, institution of slavery
in tills tp.vi'ilnvvf Tllflr>nr>rwl.%r?lli' /-vf (lift '
r??v..Uj V. V..V ;
wrong to the people of the District to
emancipate their slave?, it would he an ;
intolerable evil to have a district between
them, where emancipation prevails by j
the authority of Congress. Congress, in
the bill reported as a part of the so-called
compromise, now begins the work of
emancipation by declaring that if any
slave is brought into the District for sale, !
be shall be "liberated and free." If a
Have is liberated because,he is brought
into a district, the next step, to liberate
him because lie is in the district, is not
difficult. The power to emancipate the
* laves in ^ lie District of Columbia is thus
claimed and exercised by Congress.?
Many of the ablest men of the <Staulh
have denied that Congress possesses any
puch power, whilst a)! agreed, until lately,
that for Congress to interfere with
this institution, whilst slavery existed in
Maryland and Virginia, would be a gross
breach of faith towards those States, and
an outrage upon the whole south, llow
long will that facility which yields to the
prejudice against the buying and selling
of sla .'os be able to resist the greater
prejudice which exists against the holding
of slaves at all in the District of Columbia?
For all these sacrifices to the interest
and prejudices of the people of the north
the south is tendered t'c last measure of
the compromise?the fugitive slave bill
as they propose to amend it. To understand
the extent of the concession tho
south receives oo this point, we must
look to the rights the constitution confers.
The franiers of the Constitution wore
perfectly aware that the General Government
could have hut little power to secure
to them their fugitive flaves in the
non-slaveholdiner ^States. The whole, in
ternal police of n State must be under
the control of the State, nwl by this
chiefly could slaves be recaptured. The
Constitution therefore not relying on the
legislation of Congress nlone, requires
tlmtii fugitive slave, escaping into a nontdaveMblding
Slate, shaM be "delivered
upon claim of the party" to whom he
bofopgs. Fugitive slaves f?re. put on the
%
# IP
jgELu.* 4 > .
footing of fugitive criminals, and nre to
be delivered up by the State authorities.
If these authorities do not enforce the
I requirements of the Constitution, and aid
I in the recapture and recovery of fugitive
i slaves, Congress can do but little to enforce
them. The bill providing for the
. r .1. _ t ... a? .... e .1
co-operation 01 me ie? oincers 01 ine
United States Government in a State is
practically f]uite insufficient to accomplish
i its aim. What can they do iu such a
\ State as Pennsylvania to recover fugi'ivc
| slaves? Yet if Congress does all that
; it can do by legislation to enforce the
Constitution, it only does its duty to the
; South. There pan be no eonees^ion or
i favor (o the South, in giving her only
what she has a right to have under the
Constitution?unless, indeed, the Constitution
for her has no existence. The bill
then, is, in the first place, quite inadequate
to restore to us our fugitive slaves,
and in the second plaoe, gives the South
nothing hut what she is entitled to. If
this was all, there would be nothing in
ii..? i.:u r ..i 1.1
iiiv uiii iui niv.li ?u miuuiu tuucruu
anything to tlic north But it is not all.
Under the pretext of bestowing on us a
benefit, it perpetrates a usurpation on the
reserved rights of the States. It provides
that a slave may arraign his master,
by the authority of laws made by Congress
the courts of the States oiul the
United States, to try his right to his freedom.
Jf Congress can legislate at all
C O
between the master and slave in a State,
where can its power be stayed? It can
abolish slavery in the Stales. Thus a
power is assumed in the bill which virtu
miy I'xivuus me jurisdiction 01 uongress
over slavery in tlie States. And this is a
benefit to the south! Under a guise of a
benefit, the bill is useless as a remedy?
and worse than useless in its usurpations.
Such are tbe various measures which constitute
this compromise.
We do no believe that those in the
south who, at an early day, expressed a
willingness to support it, had well conside?ed
its import or even contemplated
supporting it without material amend
mcnts. Ifre fully appreciate and duly
honor the motives of (hose who would
restore tranquility to (lie country, nor !
shall wc impugn in any form those who
have pssisted to frame or who'.iave yield- i
ed a support to the measures. Why the j
non slavoholding States do not support j
these measures wc are unable to under- '
stand, unless it be that a haughty fanati
complisliing its objects by indirection. If
these measures, however, were really n
compromise in which the south had eqmil
gains with the north, it would be of
doubtful expediency for the south to propose
it. Three times in Congress, during
this controversy, ihc south has proposed
the Missouri compromise, which
lias been (lneo times rejected by the
North. Twice she has proposed a compromise
by which she consented to leave
it to the courts of tlu: United Suites to
determine her rights. Instead ol requiring
sternly their recognition by Congress,
fiftoen soveieign States have consented
to be carried into the courts of the
country, and there to submit their sovereign
rights in a territory belonging to
them to their final arbitrament. Their
humiliation did not win the respect or con
tidencc ot the norm, ana proposition was I
twice rejected.
The south, in our opinion, might accept I
one other compiomise, not because it is
co-extensive with our rights, but because
it has been twice sanctioned by those
who have gone before. If the north offe*\:
the Missouri Compromise, to extend
1 to the Pacific Ocean, the south cannot
reject it, provided a distinct recognition
of our right to enter the territory south
of .TO deg. 30 min. north latitude is expressed
in the compromise. We should
j take this line as a partition line between
; the two sections of the Union; nnd be!
side this, nothing but what the Constitui
tion bestows. Although the northern
Stales would acquire by this compromise
three-fourths of our vacant territory,
they will have renounced the insufferable
pretension of restricting and preI
venting the extension of the south, whilst
I they should extend indefinitely.
Having thus, fellow-citizens, laid before
you a statement of your condition?
i your rights?and the remedy which, tin!
der present circumstances, von should
I ' tJ
acccpt, we leave you for a brief sj?nc( of
time, it is proper to stnte to you that,
while we are unanimous in approving t he
resolutions which accompany this address,
the delegates to this convention are
not entirely unanimous in approving all
the arguments contained in it, particular
ly such as relate to this compromise bill
pending in the United (State Senate,
though none are in favor of that hill unless
it he amended in conformity with our
I resolutions or in such manner ns slmll
j satisfactorily sccurc to the south the
I rights asserted iu them. Until Congress
I adjourns, we cannot know what it will do
! or will fail to. Il7e must therefore meet
i again after its Adjournment to consider
! tiic final condition in which it will leave
you. We recommend to you and exhort
| you to send Delegates from every conn\
ty and district in ihe southern ?S'tates to
1 meet ns when wo again nucmble. It is
no orumnry occasion winch fins nsscni;
Med u? together. The Constitution, and
! the Union it crcntcd, so long dear to
$
your hearts, are (o be preserved, and
your liberties and your institutions maintained.
KEG WEE CCMjluER
Friday, June 38, 1850.
>vun ? view of accommodating our Sub
scribcrs who live at a distance, the following
gentlemen are authorized and requested to
act a* agents in receiving and forwarding Sub
criptions to the Kkoweb Coubier, viz:
Maj. W. S. CiuisiiAM, at West Union.
Edward Huohes, Esq., " Horse Shoe.
E. P. Verner, Esq., " Bachelor's Retreat
M. K. Mitcheu., Esq.. " l'ickcnsville.
J. K. li.\oo?o, " Twelve Mile.
J. T. Webb, for Anderson Distr-et.
T11E "soUTHEHN A DDR ESS.
Wc deprive our renders of their usual
variety lor the purpose ol presenting lo |
tliem this week the Southern Address- l
This Address they will find to be a plain !
and unpretending but exceedingly well (
written document, which sets forth in j
firm but moderate language the usurpations
of the majority in Gongress, the injustice
and acts of oppression which the
Free States have been and still are endeavoring
to perpetrate in the Union, and ,
po;nl8 the Houth clearly and forcibly to i
her duties and her dangers. Comprising
1TG delegates, representing nine differ- j
ent States, all of whom support high i
characters at home, and many of whom
have filled the highest stations in the
confederacy, the voice of the Convention,
speaking through this address, must
carry with it to the hearts and under- j
standings of the people great weight and
authority.
Looking to all the difficulties of the
question, they have unanimously demanded
an adjustment of the difficulties
in relation to the territories, upon the
Missouri compromise line of 3G deg. and i
30 niin. The line yields to the North !
two-thirds of tho common property; j
here then let the /South *ake her last
stand, she can yield no more : let this be
her Thermopylae, and here if she fall,
let her fall nobly defending the rights she
has inherited from her fathers,
IIousk ov Rki'reskxtativks.?The
excitement on the slavery question is running
high in this body, and the wily tactics
of Parliamentary warfare, which
were employed by the /Southern members
with ST) much Mirvnss in , l. ionrlv
part of the Session, are again in requisition.
On the 12th inst,, in Committee of
the Whole on the state of the Union, Ihe
California question came up, when, for
the purpose of preventing hasty and
precipitate action by the hot bloods of
fanaticism, our (Southern Representatives
drew out the lime of the Ilouse, under
<hf> fil'D mimif.iQ l-nlo Ku nffopmnf
"J M'B
withdrawing amendments, and by other
expedients.
The Missouri compromise wfts offered
consecutively as nn amendment to the
amendment of Mr. Green, of .Missouri,
by a number of gentlemen and withdrawn,
when Mr. Orr, our able n;:d patriotic
Representative, renewed the nmendment,
and addressing tho chair, said:
"There is one fact conclusive to my
mind, tint the North did not intend to
exclude the So'jt from nil participation in
theacqtired territory, or thnt if it was so
intended, the north wnf guilty of unpardonable
duplicity in not disclosing its
purpose. The ncquisition was made by
treaty, and when tho treaty was under
consideration in the Senate the proposition
was made to ingraft the Wilmo', nrovinn
nn flirt tronf.v Onlu
i votes were cast in favor of this nmendI
mcnt, nil the other Senators voting
against it. Now, if th0. North had voted
unanimously in its favor the South would
have understood their purpose; as they
did not, the South justly inferred that
they were assuming to an equal participation
in the common territory. Jf the
south had understood that she was not to
share in the acquisition?that she was to
no unjusuy cxcnuieu, sno had it in her
power to have defeated the acquisition.
She had thirty (Senators ou the floor?
one-half tho body, aud less ll.an twothirds
could not lifve ratified the treaty.
She could, therefore, have saved herself
the indignity and humiliation you seem
determined to'inflict on her by rejecting
the treaty, //as riot tho north acted,
i -i s
: iiM7ii;iuiv, III u?u i an ii lOWiirUM US, m IIOI
disclosing their purpose nnd putting us
on our guard? Did not fair dealing demand
of them frank rvowal of their object?
"wc now lender you the .Missouri compromise;
it fe n fair nnd equitable division
of the territory. When the Ixmisiann
territory was acquired, this line wasadopinf
1 wluoll ?auo iUa ? ? -
vwv-, to.ivii '"viv x/i mu ivrruury 10
the northern than southern section?this
was at its acquisition all slave territory.
Texas was acquired, and this JinO again
adopted; territory rnough yielded by the
V
??B?jp?
South to make two free Stales. This was
slave territory.
"Now, when by two acquisitions of slave
territory wo surrendered moro than wc
retained, with what justice; with what
honesty, with what propriety can the
North exclude us from nil participation in
everv foot, of the first acouisilion of free
territory? Let the fair-minded muo answer
that question. 1 do not appeal to
northern rnwi to do us justice; I hope 1
never shall be so far lost to self-respect as
to become a suppliant at the feet of power.
\Vc tender you this line to the Pacific?
you can accept it or reject it; but there iu
one thing which it is my duty now to say; j
we do not intend to submit to exclusion
from that territory; wc will have a fair !
proportion of it, "peaceably if we can? 1
forcibly if wo must." "
Mediterranean Wheats?We wore
shown a few days since a very fine sample
of this wheat, which was grown on
the plantation of our neighbor, Maj. E. !
M. Keith. The wheat grain of thii are j
large and full, and Maj. In"i(Ii informs us
it has entirely escaped the rust.
We were visited on Monday last by a
vcr) severe storm of rain and hail. For
several weeks previous to that time the
weather had been dry and exceeding
warm.
Editomaj. Change.-?Mr Board of |
the Hamburg Republican, as we sec from ;
the last number of that paper, has v'd
out to Messss. Robinson ?fc Cnrlilc. To j
the ex-Editor we say farewell, with many
wishes for liis future hapiness, and to his
successors most cordially extend our right
hand editorial.
The Schoolfellow, Juno No., from
Walker & Richards, is on our tabic, and
will be read with much delight by all
those little boys and girls whose parents
are hind and considerate enough to provide
them with this amusing and instructive
little Magazine.
Tragedy cow-iiidino Poesy.?Forrest,
the tragedian, it is reported in our
exchanges, has been giving, in the streets
of New York, a practical and rather
forcible illuscntion of his dramatic powers,
not content with murdering imaginary
Duncans he has been amusing himself
by cow-hiding Willis, the poet. This is
what wo call the "illegitimate Drama."
Lusub Natch.*:.?A child has been
born, it is said, at Williamsburg, N. Y.
which has two wrists and two hands on
us rigiu arm, and in an oilier respects
well formed.
Correspondrnce of the Courier.
Cocliituate IIai.l, Boston. June 12.
The National, or rather North American
Division of Sons of Zomperance met
in this Hall about 9 o'clock yesterday.
Initiated new members, and about 10
o'clock wont to tho Doric Hull of tho
Stale House, whore the committee of arrangements
had in waiting corriagcs for
the members of the N. A. Division, who
(about 100 in number) rode four in each;
the Grand Division, Oadots, Cold Water
Army, nnd subordinate Divisions on foot.
We had rain in tho morning, and cloudy
till 12, notwithstanding we hadalarge
turnout. The streets were lined and
[ windows full. The music was excellent.
[ and nltho' the procession lasted 2 hours,
! perhaps over 4 miles travel, yet when
j disbanded, the different organizations
i continued to march on the common until
I got wearied, and went to dinner. At
1 3 speaking commenced on the common
I by P. M. W. P.. "White, M. W. P., On;
rey, and Rev. John Pierpont, the press
I was so great, and the members crowding
i the stands prevented mo from remaining
i there. I attended Tremont Temple last
night; White and Carey spoke to a very
large audience. The Tremont was built
and used as a Theatre, the Company be*
came embarrassed, it was sold nnd the
Baptist church bought it. It is at the
Tremor.t the notorious Colvert preaches;
?he introduced himself to me Sunday
] evening, and invited me to come to tho
' prayer meeting at night: I did so, but
(iiu noi enjoy myscii on account ol unnecessary
remarks about slaver}-. The
people here would do right, but for thoir
preachers ant' politicians, (fanatics.)
"Wc have d..agates from all the (States
except Fluid**, Arkansas and Texas.
New Brunswick, Nova (Scotia, and Canada
are ably represented. I do nol
think I ever saw a finer set of then than
composes the North Amoric?;n Division,
Good news from nearly nil the flUUes?
our cause is growing in favor and usefulness.
We have much business on hand,
^^,1 !* L.l l. . -1- n
iiuu uiiim it |jruuuuiu wo snail 1101 gci
through before the last of the week.
I hope you will write, and stir up ou?
people to turn out to the meeting the
Grnnd Division at Pendleton. I cspeoi
tostny till the session closes. Ilnve oui
Pickcns people of??11 the organizations U
awake to this great work.
I remain yours,
JOSEPH GRISHAM.
Cociiituatb. Hall,
Boston, Mass., Juno 14th 1850.
The members ore assembling, nud wo
have much unfinished business. Tho
subject this morning. I hone will bo re.
sumed in better humor; I have found
hard words gain few proselytes.
At 8 the in. \V. 1'. took the chair?
opened with prayer by the M. W. Chaplain,
lJro. Perry, of N. Y. The business
went on rapidly for an hour, when the
election ol officers was attended to.?
John W. Oliver, of Now York, was elected
M.W. P., Isaac Litton, of Tennessee,
M. W. A., F. A. Fickard, of Pa., M. W.
Scribe, J. B. Woodford, of Va., M.W.
T., S. L. Tilley, of New Brunswick, M. v
W. Conductor, James II. Enniss, of N.
C., M. W. Sentinel, Andrew L. /Stone,
M. \V. Chaplain.
The business progressed raoidlv until
12, when Bro. Parsons, of Ky., proposed
to hurry on, r.ncl got through to
to night; every one wants tho
business done well?to his likeing, while
he is here, .ind yet ninny of the members
wish to go home. I name to slay till
tiic business was done, and hopo to slay.
I offered a resolution to apportion tho
number of Representatives to the National
Division, the Committee on Constitutions
reported on tlie same, which was
not satisfactory to .Ml, yet passed, and
afterwards was reconsidered nnd Inirl
over tUl to-morrow.
On Saturday, met at 8 o'clock, n. m.
Order of business resumed; find a great
propensity to talk. Much business dono
for the promotion of the Order, I hopo
we may continue to have peace and harmony.
Wm, A. White, the Editor of
the Now Englnnder, who went out in a
! rage on Thuisday, sent in a letter to-day,
protesting against our proceedings in tho
| case of appeal from Ohio, on the admis;
siun of eolored people Attempts lmvo
oeen maue in a few instances, to excito
I this body on the subject, but Philip S.
While of Pa., and S. V. Carey can still
, the troubled waters. #
I find the people here to be much moro
! courteous thnn was anticipated; I have
; been, so far, pleased with my visit. If
' we only worked as the Yankees do ve
; should greatly outstrip them. I cannot
I fully understand how they aro ftblo to
! buiid, wear fine clothes and live ns welt
] as they do. I do not know when the
National Division will get through, but
| hope we may to-day. This Hall is en
I j^ugcu lo-nigm; tue colouration ot the
battlo of Bunker Hill takes place in
| Chni lestown in Monday noxt; I think of
going there. The next meeting o( this
j body is fixed for Toronto, in Canada; on
: the third Tuesday in June next. The
National Division hr?-j allowo ' nil Grand
. Division's lo hold their annual Divisions
where they please. And I tried to get
leave for them to sit when they wish,
j No apportionment of members
| I hopo our meeting at Pendleton mav
j he well attended. Everywhere the peo!
pie nro fond of show; our public exhibitions
do good, I lmvc no doubt but for
I the ruin, Boston on Tuesday, would
: have made great progress in our glorious
1 cause.
j. Last night we had a public meeting
I in old Faneuii llal'i?large collection of
' people addressed by Rev. C. B. Parsons,
of Kentucky, one of the largest men in
| this organization, nnd tallest^ voice?nnd
, Gen. S. F. Carey, of Ohio, P. M. W. P.,
a lawyer, nnd excellent speaker.
I have not had time to gee much of this
city, but the bustle and noise is ns great
in somo of theso streets as any I have
been in. The people here do not ent as
much bread as we do; they have potatoes,
fruit, ifcc., nnd ns lo menu they
have good beef, pork, bacon, &c.; but
thoy use more fresh oysters, turtlos <fecj
7 O'clock, p. m. The National Dlyisison
has justgoi, through business, djfrcn
and dismissed wi'h prayer by PajljMhs of
Kentucky. I may now wait for tnocclr>hrnlinn
nn Rn^l/n'iv Tlill An Mnnilnv ??
I - ?*
; it is now too l:\tu to lenvo for Providence
or New Yoik.
Adieu, JOSEPH GIUSHA^I.
") if. *
Post Offick Removal; ^-Groal excitement
nnd rejoicing won)- manifested
in Deerfield, New 1 lampshiraj the other
day, nil consequet?|&if the removal from
the post office, rffc -fhe nijindato of tho
nugust cabinet . of Mr.
Stevens, whohn^H'kl ihnl luciiilivv ofpast.
wdVensS^W pJfr Wwhjj^ a! jack ,
llalc ''Indepenw^yP^^^hp.d the good
KPnSP. wllPIl dfVlftSrfruirim wn\\t
band and glovcf\vil,h the (i unison infidel
abolitionists, ' itpfvO bo
Mtevcns rcmo\atnmamvmr^t-8meiiinff
abolitionist of stamp npThnNVw
\ Ilcok snys (lint
wlien tlio news re^oUe^l ><-c-rfudd, "firo
crackcra and rockfttn, iitrt rt.dircu: a dozen, |
were considered notinn? n?T3J?gardeU CXi
pens?. An c(]igj" of the? decapitated
t post-master wnh publkKMuu'ned, amidst
* tlio huzzas, and fit thajfexpenso of tho-ab?
olition men an4 maidens <>? tlio vicinity?
all led on and under the direqtion of Mw\.
Oen JfK) Hartford, (Up <it!ict'distinguished
celebrities ot the Carol itiiar*
m?, 'i
w l wS flH ; |