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CONGRESS. | THE ANNUAL MESSAGE, CALIFORNIA. Mr, Bayly moved that the ruled be suspended mid that the House rosolvo itself into u Committee of tho Wnote on the state of the Union; with a view to dispose of the President's Mespagq. It was important (Mr. B. said) that tliat metsage should no acted upon. V'lie motion having been taken and decided in the affirmative? The V/ouse resolved itself into Committee of ths Whole on the State of tho Union, (Mr. Hoy'd in tho oliair.) and resumed the consideration of the resolution referring to tho appropriate committees tho various subjsofcs 0111 braced in tho Annual Message of the President of the i United States. U. ?:?; -in. uiun u vi mi>sioM|lJJl ViUIVIltlHCU IU II1W floor. lie snid ho would occupy n very few rain- 1 utos, in presenting some views which he should ; have presented the other day, but lor the expi- J ration of liis hour. Having idreudy taken his position against tho President's recommendation of the California constitution, and having expressed bis abhorrence of the whole, series of movements, which led to its adoption by the people in that country, he shouM not further nllude to the President or Cabinet in that connection. A new character ha 1 presented himself, as one of the champions of this new and extraordinary political movement. He alluded to General Cass, the lato democratic candidate for tho Presidency. That distinguished gentleman had redeemed his pleilge, and tho pledge of his friends, on tho subjoct of tho Wilmot Proviso. lie had spoke against it. He, had expressed bis determination not to vote I for it With this he was satisfied, Ha would I go further, and nay, that the speech, so fnr as it I related to the proviso, challenged his admiration and excited his gratitude. It was replete with sound views, eloquently and happily expressed. And no one could rend it attentively withont conceding to its author great ability. If the distinguished gentleman had closed his speech with hij argument against the proviso, there would not have been a man in the country j more willing than himself to award him the I highe't honors. But the speech was marred' hy the expression of opinions, in itsclosiug par- I agraphs, to which he, (Mr. B.) and the buuthern j people generally would dissent. General Cass had (if Mr. B. correctly understood him) avow- > ? d his opinion to l>e, that the people of the tcr- 1 ritories had the right to exclude slavery; and | he was understood to sustain the action of the ; people in California in forming a State irovern meat. Against all these parts of the speech ' of General Cass, he (Mr. B.) entered his solemn protest, He felt bound to do this, bccause in i the Into Presidential canvass he had, as the , friend of Gen. Cass, given a different interpre- i t at ion to iiis views, as foreshadowed in the ! Nicholson letter. True, he had not done this j without some misgivings, el first, of its correct- j ness. But gentlemen nearer the person of Gen. Cass than himself had interpreted thcNichol- ! son letter to mean, that when the people of a territory to form a State constitution, they i could then admit or exclude slavery at will, and whether they did the one tiling or the oth- | er was not a matter to bo questioned by Con- j gress. He now conceded, as he had done in the | Presidential canvass, that whenever a people duly authorised to form a <S'tate constitution, have exercised this authority and asked nd- , mission into the Union, it is not properly a sub- j ject of inquiry whether their constitution ad- j niits or excludes slaveiy from the proposed State. But he understood Gen. Cass as going j further tliis?to the extent of giving to the jiuujjiu ui wiu i urriiunes uit; n^ni 10 cxciikiu slavery (luring (heir territorial existence, and indeed before government of any sort had been established by Congress, lie understood I lie doctrine asauvanced by Gen. Cass to be, that (lie occupants of the soil where, no government existed?as in New Mexico, California, Deseret, <fce.?had the right to exclude slavery, and against this doctrine he raised his humble voice; and though he might stand alone, without one other southern representative to sustain him, he would protest against it to the last. In the late Presidential canvass, men of all parties had assailed this doctrine. The Whigs charged Gen. Cass with entertaining these views, and the Democrats had vindicated him against the charge. The doctrine was universally denounced by men of all parties in the South; and now we were startled with the intelligence that (Jen. Cass and Gen. Taylor both approve it. For himself, no earthly consideration should keep him silent on such a question. No consideration personal to himself?no party ties nor political obligations, should seal his lips, when his country W,%? nbout to be betrayed and sacrificed. lie had denounced this doctrine before his constituents,he now denounced it before the //otiso. He would not consume time, and prevent other gentlemen from speaking, by going into an argument oil the subject. Ho had felt it due to his own position?to the cause of truth and justico, to make known at the first convenient moment, that what he condemned in Gen. Taylor ho equally condemned in Gen. Cass; and having done this, he was satisfied. TIIE RESULTS OF AI10LITI0NI3M. The following is the conclusion of the article in the Southern Quarterly for January 011 the "British West India Islands." We commend the whole, essay to the cnreful and attentive perusal of all: "7'ho additions that foreign immigration makes to the population of the Western territories, and the rapid increase to the States of the Union, from that cause and in that quarter, place before us, at no distant day, the prospect of two-thirds of the States of the Union as nonSlavelioldindg States. What will then prevent amendments to the Constitution, for the rem > val of all the guarantees to the institution of hlavery, and the destruction of tljeins^ution "The party at the North, originated and wluch conducts this mojihneiit, declare that they will not tftop short, except at that result. lliey my, Sv<: Jiavo disenchanted the minds of the people in a good measure, as to 1 he divinity of their parchment idol. Wc have tttuglit men to calculate the value of tlie Union. It is beginning to be looked upon an a matter of business, a partnership in trade; and multitudes who walk not with us ncro,have been tauk lit by their own experience to curse the Constitution ns a delnaiou and a snare. We hate no qurrel with the constitution, because it is a basis of a confederated Union of Statca; but only because wc see in it an alliance, offensive and defensive, between those States, for the perpetuattou of flavery, and consequently, the greatest of ob?taclo? to its abolition, aslong as its obligations are in force,' "Does any one suppose that the clause of flie constitution which allows ft representation for the slAve popu'Mirtn would withstand six Kuouths !?gitflliou in the Northern Btfttesf What iii'j- !' i u ?f? is the practical operation of (hat ch.use of the constitution that provides the restlti tion of fugitive slaves! "Can thp Southern normlo docol 'ed to tho conclusion that the constitution U the basis of nn Union of equal .States, after the exclusion of their property from the common territories of ! the Union? i ".Should a servile insurrection arise, think you that Northern representative in Congress wouhl vote you men and money for its suppression? "The abolitionists tell us truly that theterms loyalty and allegiance have ceased to have any meaning wit h reference to this constitution; it is looked oji as the articles of a trading partnership. " Wc have traced the picture of a community, whoso domestic institutions have been overturned by an agitation, which commenced abroad, and which finally roached their liresides. " ll^e have traced it, that our people might | see in advance the end, ol which wo now sec j the beginning." KEOWEE COURIER Saturday, Karcli 9, I N.IO. With a view of neenmmeda i;c our Sub 1 ecribors who livo at a distance, the following ' gentlemen are authorized and requested to 1 act as agents in receiving and forwarding Sub ' 3criptio]is to the Keowke Couiiiek, viz: j Maj. W. S. Grisiiau, at West Union. Kdward Hughe-;, Esq., " HorsoShoe. i E. P. Verxek, Esq., " Bachelor's Retreat M. P. Mitoiikll, Esq.. " Pickensvillc J. E. Hauo?d, " Twelve Mile. T. J. Wkbd, for Anderson District Wo. are requested to state that there will be j preaching at this placc on the 6th Sunday o* this month. Rev Kennedy, Humphreys, and Gaillard arc expected. The Elders of tho Presbyterian Church at Bachelors Retreat Richland, and Bethel arc csneriallv invited to attend for the purpose of devising ways and means whereby those Churches may bo sup plied with a Preacher. For severid years they have been only partially supplied, which we hope will not be the case any longer-Elders and < members should interest themselves more than j usual in this behalf?they should remember ! that Sabbath after <S'abbath is dcsccratcd, chief- j ly because there is no Preaching to go to, and that much of this crying sin rest s upon those whose duty it is 10 endeavor to have preaching | in every neighborhood. THE CALIFORNIA AMBASSADOR. The Hot). T. Butler King publishes a card in the National Irnclligencer, setting himself right hefore the public, on the subject of his Culifor- j nin mission, lie complains of bitter porsocu- ; 'ions ami misrepresentations, and wholly de ; nies tliut the President, or any of his Cal iuct j ever gave him'any instructions on the subject : of slavery, or any other subject'?that he did not attempt to influence the people to decide ' one wa\y or the other on that subject Innocent man, that,?what did he go for! j Why did the administration pay him $8 per, diem, besides all his travelling expenses, if ho ' luitl lift hnqiiiPUR Wlmt fit/hi hfia *)?n , President to pay an individual out of tho pub- j lie treasury, to go upou a pleasure excursion > to California? But, aside from secret instructions, Mr. Oiayton says to him in his letter of instructions, "vou are fully possessed of the President's views, and can with propriety sug ' gest to the people of California the adoption of measures to give them effect." Was he to do : nothing, was he a mere passive agent!?He knew tho views of the President, and California formed a constitution in accordance tlierc; with, which must indeed have been a strange coincidence?and Mr. King contributed to carrying out those views, or he was untrue to his charge. In either he occupies no enviable position before the community. MR. CALHOUN. It was intimated through the letter i writers that Mr. Calhoun's speech would be read in the S'. nate this week, by his .1.. J-i:? uunt-ii^uc, pruvmuu uiy ufJiwiiA? ?w?iv ?ji his health forbid the delivery of it himself. His speech is looked to with the most intense Ir.ierestfrom all parts of the United States, and considering his splendid talents and devotion to his country that expectation will not he disappointed. TH E LEO ISLATURE OF GEOROI A. This body adjourned on 23rd ult, in good order, (and we rejrret that the same spirit of good order did not prevail throughout the Session) a vote of unanimous thanks was given to the Speaker, Jno. W Anderson, for the ability with which he presided over their deliberations. During the session 468 bills and 50 joint resolutions were passed. Of these, 401 have been sanctioned by the Executive and 7 are still under consideration. THE WHAT HER. IPith the exception of two or three (lays, this week litis been more like April thnn March weather. 71?c forepart of (lie flays has been calm and mild, the wind rising in the evening to an unpleasant height. Wc have pcarcoly any icu this week, and vegetation begirt to asnumc a growing appearance. Attention is being drawn to the raising of the Palma Christi, or cnater-oij bean in vllabama. A consignment of the oil made in jVarengo county, in that State has recently been received in Mobile, and i fiold readily at ^2.00 per gallon. Correspondence of tlic Baltimore AmericanCONGRESSIONAL. Washington, Feb. 25, 1850. SENATE. The resolutions of Mr. Footc, in relation to the establishment of the Territories of California, New Mexico and Deseret, were taken up. IIo moved to re ter the same to a select oommittee ot thirteen?six from slavo St**os end six from free States, and one more to be chosen by them. Mr. Turney rose to make f correction as to the acU of the Tennessee Legislature. ITo referred to an article in the Intelligencer, on the sulyeot of the resolutions passed by the House in opposition to the Southern Convention. jVr. Turney said the statement was untrue. The extract was erroneously attributed to the Nashville Union. T'Jie Uunion was strongly in favor of the I (Southern Convention, ./lgain, the reso- j lutions were misreportcd nnd tended to give nn erroneous impression. The only important part of the l-csolutions was omitted.?7'he statement assumed that the legislature condemned the object of the convention. This was untrue. Tho democrats had a majority in the House and tho whigs in the ?Vuatc. The House took ground against the admission of California, and appointed delegates to the convention. T\\c whig Senate took the groun.l that the people should select i i- ii-- ' nit; uvivguivs i<> tpti convention 11 mey choso to be represented in it. Wrhy does the Intelligencer select one side of these statements? That is not the way to preserve the Union. The Union is not to be preserved by the carrying out of tlio views of Northern fanatics, and the submission of tho South. The people of Tenness* m are devoted to the Union, but the Legislature says it win only be preserved by the preservation of the constitution, and tho Legisla ture pledged themselves to resist encroachments on them to the last extremity and at every hazard. The Intelligencer must appeal to tho Northern people as well as the South, if they woidd preserve the Union. Mr. Downings said it "liad been stated that the municipal authorities had disproved the assemblage of the convention, and that Gen. vlrmstrong would resist it. Mr. Turney said both statements were untrue; for ho had conversed with Gen. vlrmstrong on the subject. Afr. Foote's resolution in relation to the organization of territories was taken up. Mr. Foote urged the appointment of a committee as the only means of adjustment. Air. Butler had little hope of any good result irom a protracted discussion. He would consent to no compromise which did not recognizo the equality of the South. Mr. Foot*? was certain that no plan of an adjustment could be agreed on by the committee which waa not fair and just. Ifitwasnot approved, the gentleman would vote against it. If we would do | anything here of a practical character, he had assurances that the House would i sustain it by r largo majority. The general feeling was in favor of compromise, and there wns prevailing a full belief that the Union is in danger. Let us give the committee a week to i act in; and next Saturday a plan can, I 1 am certain, be matured, which the whole Senate would ratify. Each member of the committee would be sustaiued by the other twelve, and their opinions and acts wmil/l liA i-oonnrtKul K*r <1?A 111 wMivt wv vu|/v?bvu jj VIIU u HUIU ate, the House, and the whole people, i The experiment was worth trying. Mr. Walker made some remarks as to j the views of the $outh; and declared that no committee could ever agree to i them. He referred particti'.arly to the alternative presented by the Senator from A/tRsissippi (?)avis) Mr. Davis explained; he ha^ great hope from a committee. Mr. Butlei said that if the committee failed to agree, it would aggravate the difficulty; it would become a source of contention. He was opposed to precipita^ action; let us move cautiously, step by step. An imprudent measure might produce embarrassment, //e (Butler,) naa nxert upon an ultimatum. ile had no spirit of dfcSance. Ue .would impose guards on himself, and would not, unless assailed, on any point recede. He believed that a report of a committee would only serve to entangle us the more. | Mr. Walker not did wish to throw down I the guantlet or any other deli ance. Mr. Badger was decidedly in favor of the proposition of tho gentleman from Mississippi. M. Clemens suggested that the difficulty would be 'o get a committee that would stjsfy the country, lie would not vote for the committee unless the CIV unitt l?n?-n mfin ?1a?*/v/1 I... 11- ? >i>? uuutliuau llliill IIOID V1UUWU Uy IIIU southern Senators. Mr. Badger could see no difficulty as likely to nnse from the appointment of a I committee. Mr. Dayton thought a committee would do more harm than good. Let us discuss the matter firnt. Mr. Clemens urged the expediency of arresting agitation. If the discussion ! went on Jiree weeks longer there would I be no hopo for tho Union. Mr. Ber.iien made some remarks in opposition to tluj immediate adoption of the resolution, Tho subject was passed over, and the Senate adjourned. Wasiiiwoton, Feb. 27, 1850, SENATE. A message was received from the IVnd/lnnf nti KvAnnhvn onKinpfu * .-V.v v,.. . v, Mr. Clay s compromise resolutions were taken up. Mr. Benton wished, before Mr. //imtertook the floor, toexpluin a legal point which the resolutions involved. The resolutions asserted that slavery did not bv law exist in California, lie I was ot > of (hose -who believed that slavery was abolished by the Republic of Mexico. JIo wished to produce documentary testimony of this fiiet?the decrees, executive and legislative, on tho subject, <fcc. After Mv Benton concluded, Mr Rusk took the floor and made his expected speech upon the subject of tho ^exas boundary. Mr. Rusk fortified his statements with documentary evidence. Being unwell and somewhat exhausted, he gave way to motion to adjourn, without concluding, and the Senate adjourned. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. Mr Johnson, of Tenn , by unanimous consent, introduced a bill to provide a homestead of 100 acres of the public domain for every man, the head of a family, a citizen of the United States, and every widow, the mother of a minor child or children, who may become the occupants and cultivators of the soil? -?. .i nn,i <1... V illon V <19 l?n IUt ItUVl emu IV'H/IIUU IU IIIU Committee on Public Lands. Mr. Moore, of Pennsylvania, submitted a bill of a similar character, which was similarly disposed of. Mr. Ashinun introduced a bill to reduce the irtes of postage and to abolish the franking privilege, which was read twice and r jferred to the Committee on the y-'ost Ofticoand Post Roads. Mr. Briggs, of New York, introduced a bill to establish a branch mint of the United States in the city of New York, which was read twice and referred to the Committee of Ways and Means. On motion of Mr. Thompson, of Mississippi, the rules were suspended, and the IIouso resolved itself into Committee of the "Wholu on the State of the Union, to take up the resolutions to refer the President's annual message. Mr. Toombs, who was entitled to the floor moved to take up the President's special message upon the subjcct of California. Ii was taken up, when Mr Dotty submitted the following: Aw act to admit the State of California into the Union, Whereas, the peoplo of California have formed for thems* es a constitution and ! State government, nd applied for admission into the Union as a State; And whereas, the said constitution has j been officially communicated to Congress, I and is renublican. Therefore. Section 1. 13e it enacted, <fec., That tho Suite of California, with the boundaries described in the said constitution, he one, and is hereby declared to be one of the United States of v4meiicn, and admitted into the Union on an equal footing with the original States, in all respects whatever. Sec. 2. The State of California shall never interfere with the primary disposal of tho toil within the same by the United States, nor with any regulations Con giuss may niiiKc ior securing tne title in such soil to bona fide purchasers thereof; and no tax shall be imposed on lands the property of the United States; which said provisions aro hereby declared to bo fundamental conditions upon which the said &tate is admitted into tho Union. Mr. Green, of Mo., gave notice of an amendment, to adopt as a compromise the Missouri line of 36 30. Mr Toombs took the floor, and spoke an hour upon the slave question. lie alluded to the history of tho origin of the government, and pointed out tho extreme jealousy which then existed on the part of the slave ^tafes, in regard to their I property in slaves. That these ?tatos i did not consent to come into the Union until protection was given by the Constitution to this species of property. This protection was given by that clause allowing t]?s proporty to bo represented hi the federal legislature ; and ola^by the clause providing for the reclamation of fugit ive slaves. The Union, he maintained, would never have been formed except for this protection; and the provisions of the Constitution had in wery sense stamped this government as a pro-slavery government. The nholitiomst.s who mat at Faoeuil Hall and said that this was a pro-slavery government were consistent; and hcnce they ask that we may relieve them from the constitutional obligation to support slavery. These men are at least consistent In their purposes, and hono6t in their means to accomplish thoir ! end. IIo warned gentlemen that in this question was involved $1,600,000,000 of property, so recognised by the Constitution, and that any government that came in hostility with the property of the people, could not, ought not, and would not stand. He maintained that what was property was to be determined by cach /S'tatc of the Union, anil it wi-'j the duty of the Federal Government to protcct that property; and-further whatever was determined &y the States in their Fcgre gate capacity to be proporty, the possessors of it could carry it with them into any of the territories belonging to the United States; and that it was the duty of the Federal Government to protect this property there to the extent that other property was protected, uhtil 8\tch territory be admitted as States into tho Union; when the property would become subject to the action of domestic lecrisla tion. Ho declared his opposition to tho admission of California as a sta'o under its present organization. The House was also addressed by Mr. Baker and Mr. Lane, after which Mr. Conrad took the floor, but gave way to a motion that the committee rise. The committee then rose, and tho 7/ousc adjourned. Washington, Fob. 28, 1850. A challenge passed yesterday botweon Col. Bissell, a Representative from Illinois, and the Hon. Jefferson Davis, Senatorn from 3/ississippi, in consequence of the derogatory remarks of the former respecting the conduct of tho _A/"ississi- pi troops at the battle of Bucua Vista. 7'ho weapons selected were muskets, at fifteen paces. Through the personal intervention of President Taylor the matter has been amicably adjusted.? Charleston Mercury. The cose of jl/rs. Gaines, which has been in thf courts so lon^, has been r.t last decided in the U. S. Circuit Court at New Orleans, and against her claim. t\ic testimony in the case showed not only a curiobs state of affairs in the domestic history of some of the parties concerned, but also some singular facts respecting social ?nd moral life in New Orleans previous to its admission into the Union. It was proved during the trial that the mother of Mrs. Gnines was married to three different persons, each living at the snme timo. Mrs. G. was the child of the second husband, and claimed all his large estates, but tho decision of the Court leaves its possession in the hands o. the present owners. Till? Wnf>v HnMVfK'wnrn T i oflrA?*/1o ^ .... ?? v.?.? IU (Ilivivin us sinccrc pleasure to be enabled to announce the gratifying intclligenco, that the work of grading oui Railroad has been commenced; and we trust, now, that the good work has been entered upon, that it will be vigorously prosecuted and speedily completed. The first earth was turned by the hands of our fellow townsman, Dr John W Simpson, who com *1 A! iV - Ami i iuuu<;i-u ujjuiitbiuus un uic* zom lllSC. Tho exceedingly unfavorable weather we have experienced for the past two months, has greatly retarded the efforts of the Engineer, who anticipated having the? survey completed ere this. Spite of the rain, however, the Road is now locato the Laurens line, and n& exertions will be spared on the part of tho Engincor to finish ,t tho earliest possible period.? LaureaviUe Herald. Defaulter Absconded.-Wo were shown yesterday, a despatch from the President. of the Central Railroad Bank of Savannah, in which it was stated, that Geo. J. Bulloch, Cashiei of that institution had absconded with a large amount of its funds. Tho amount is not mentioned, but a reward of Five Thousand Dollars is offered for his apprehension.?Constitu/I'/im/I / o / Ikdian Hkvknok.?^The Springfield (Illinois) Journal has the following paragraph, copied from the Lacon Gazette: "vtmong the overland emigrants for California, last spring, was Mr. Green, of "Green's Woollen Factory," Fox sivor, and two of his sons, the youngest a youth. It is reported that while passing through a tribe of Indians, this youth, who was naturally full of mischief, killed a squaw. The tribe having been well advised of the fact, hastened after and overtook the company, and demanded the murderer. Ai first the demand was resisted; but after the Indians had informed VU&U1 VUUI) VHOjr 1TUU1U UUOl/KUjf Lilt? Willpany if their request was not granted, the youth was surrendered Into their hands. They then stripped hlni, and in the presence of his father and the wholo company, they skinned him from his head to his feet! Ho lived four hours after h? was thus flayed. This should bo ft warning to all interested, not to triflo with tho unfortunate sons of tbo forest." DANK NOTES. flODtn CAROLINA. Oommerrital Bank of Cblumbia ...... par Bank of Hani! M. Bank of Oherlw V " Bank of Georgetown Hank or CtMrtWf * " South Western R R Bank, Knox. North Carolina i to 2 l-2jJbcouitt, Virginia " " " ' Alabama 8 to 8 " oKoaoiA. \F Savannah City Bank State Branch Bank? ^ .BgK ' Athens O R R Co. t to 1 t-j/Jm Augusta Branch Bank Bank of St. Mary's 1 to 1 I-2JU& MtUedgovillo " " Georgia bills, payable ?<S'avaoii?li ?o4 ASgiw ta arc at par.