The Newberry herald. (Newberry, S.C.) 1865-1884, February 03, 1875, Image 4
FEBRUARY.
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MKINTS FOR THIE FARMERS.
THE CULTIVATION OF CLOVER-ITS
VALUE AS A SGUTHERN CROP.
An Essay Read before the State Ag
ricultural and Mechanical &ciety
by Mr. S. C. Means, of Spartan
burg.
4 Atko!g clover as a forage erop
has re0eived some attention from
the pens of a few writers through
the different agricultural journals,
yet the great mass of Southern
farmers ".ppear to be both ignorant
of its value as well as the best meth
od of cultivating it. Havini had
six years of experiencei1 'he cul
tivation of clover, andiving sown
upon different charactero of soil at
different seasons of J year, and
in different ways, yo* writer will
endeavor as concisely as possible
to give the result6f his experience,
and if possible indicate what to
himselfhas proven the most suc
cessful method. The following or
der of treating the subject will be
adopte. -Theseed, soil and its pre
paration; time and method of sow
ing; manures used; its value as
feed for stock ; its value as an
agent for impro'fing lains, and ii
importance under the present con
dition of things a~s an economical
supplement to the jirain crops o
the South. ~
First, care should be taken in the
selection of setI so as to get them
as pure as piouable. iIt is~ some
times the case that noxious weeds
and grasse~s are introduced with
the clover seed, which are difficult
to eradicate. It would be Tell to
deal only with the most reliable seed
merchants, and when an unmixed
and an usa'ubratjd article jse
cured eacT~ firinei shouTai gatierI
his own seed. - I'his- can be done
(though rudely) by cutting what is
known asdheeood crop, when the[
seed havifully ripened, and run
ning through :a common grain
thresher and winnowing. The
straw, though not so nutritious
when cut at so late a period, will
yet repay the care and labor of
saving, as cattle will eat it greedily
during the. winter and be much
benefitted.
Whoever so 'vs clover upon a poor
soil unaided by fertilizers, no mat
ter to whati class of soils it belongs,
nor what may be its mechanical
e-mdition, will eertainly find that
his time and labor have been thrown
away. Any soil that rests upon a:
stiff clay sub-soil, within a reasona
ble distance from the surface, may
be made to produce good crops of
clover by proper manuring and
draining if necessary. The best
results have been obtained from
stiff clay soils, (the less sand the
better,) well manured. The soil!
should be well and deeply bi oken
w i t h narrow, diamond-pointed
ploughs, and the surface as thor-'
oughly pulverized as possible. If
large elods should be thrown up, a'
heavy two-horse roller should fol
low; but if the land is just in the
right condition and breaks well, the
roller need not be used until after
the seed and manure have been
harrowed in.
It is often the case that we find
what is known in wet weather as1
sprouty pllaces. These should be
well drained (under-draining is
best) to prevent the severe freezes
of winter from throwing out the!
clover, as it will be sure to do, no
matter how well it may be estab
lished in the soil, previous to the
freeze. It is best that the land
should have been cleanly cultiva
ted for two or more years previousi
to putting down to clover, and thus
avoid as far as possible those pests,
crabgrass, ragweeds, &c., which
some persons claim to be an advan-'
tage as they shade and protect the
clover from the sun, but which ac
cording to my experience choke
down and destro it Immediately
:he plant a vigorous growth, and
;o establish it as to resist the
reezes of winter. Stable manure,
cotton seed, ashes, lime, and in
Ene almost anything that tends to
nrich the soil, will be found to be
beneficial to clover.
A less amount of seed might be
used if they were all perfect and
equally distributed, but practically
we find that fifteen pounds is not
too much, as the great desidera
tum is to secure a good "catch."
Again, when the clover is thickly
"set" upon the soil, the yield will
be greater and the stalk smaller,
consequently it will "cure" better
and make better hay. It has been
the practice of some persons to mix
the seed with ashes, lime, sand or
some other divisor in order to sow
regularly, but I have found that
any one accustomed to sowing small
grain well can soon learn to dis
tribute clover seed regularly and
equally and without other aid. It
would be well to select a quiet time
when the wind is not blowing for
sowing the seed. Farquhar's iron
toothed, expanding harrow is ad
mirably adapted to. the work Af
pulverizieg the soil and turning!
the seed and feitilizer. A simple
roller can be constructed by insert
ing .in the ends of a section of a
log,four or six feet in - length by
one and a half to two feet in diam
eter, gudgeons, to which shafts or a
tongue can be attached as the powe
to overcome the obstinacy of the
clods may be found necessary. All
gpod g&rdenersar aware of the
necessity of compacting the soil
upon small seeds in order to pro.
duee simultaneous and perfect ger
mination. The same rdlO is appli
cable to clover.
Clover seed can often be har
rowed in, or other small grain, in
February or March, with good -re
sWts--or it would yet be better,. il
not down until then, to sow it alone.
When sown in the spring, or other
small grain,-its growth is dwarfed
by the superior growth of the other,
and when the other is cut off, a
sickty growth of clover, unused to
the sun, is left to dwingile and die
under the influence of a hot har
vest san unless the seasons; are
peculiirly favorable-even thei is
der the most favorable circum
stances the grasses and weeds have
an equal; if not a better start than
the clover, and will retard its
growth, if not endanger its exist.
enee.
- lover inaWn indSpteflb)r with.
out anfy 6tier grain'wi1l give a
good yield the following spring,
and if intended for hay shiould
never be pastured at ay time.
In- most leetions of the South
clover is not needed as a pasture,
as the wild clover and broornsedge
upon our "old fields" afford the
best pasture (everything consid
ered) we can possibly have. A
top-dressing in early spring, such
as was harrowed in with the seed,
will be found to pay well. T welve
or fifteen bushels of limo per acre,
broadcast on a well-established
elover sod in the fall, will procure
remar kable results. Lime, besides
being one of the most- imiportant
constituents of the plant, will soak
with the rains through the soil,aet
ing mechanically in decomposing
the organic, and in disintegrating
ruch of the inert, inorganic mat
ter ad preparing it for plant food.
Whilst land plaster is considered
he specific manure, and is certain.
Ly valuable, yet I. have never ob
lained such results from its use as
s generally attributed to it, and
would not rely on it alone to se.
aure a good crop. One bushel
per acre, broadcast on the field
niot long after a crop is taken off,
also in early spring, just as the
plant is beginning a lively growth,
will be found very beneficial.
Harvesting a crop of clover is
very simple and cheap, when
properly prepared for it. A two.
horse mower, one-horse rake and
four hans can easily cut, rake
.nd throw into hay-cocks the crop
>f six acres in one day, leaving
he hauling and housing as the
beaviest part of the work. Im
>lemnents have been invented for
aeilitating the hauling and hous
ng, (making the work a light
>ne,) and will be used bere when
we get to raising clover more ex
~ensively. When clover is pre
pared and wilted, it should then
e raked and thrown up into hay.
:oeks, to remain about two days,
when it will be ready for housing.
)f course the weather should, to
i great extent, control its manipu.
.ation. Of that each one must be
als own judge. But it will be
aid that every one cannot buy a
nower and horse rake. This ob
ection can be easily met by carry.
n-ottefnamna rnil
no ant the inndamantal m-inninin
stock depends not only upon its
intrinsic worth per se,.but the cost
of growing, harvesting, &c., enter
materially into the calculation.
An application of the compound
already given, upon an' acre of
poor land in September, at the
time of sowing, with the same re
peated early in spring as a top
dressing, will at a cost of twenty
dollars give from one and a ball
to two tons of bay at one cutting.
No account will be taken of the
cost of preparing and sowing the
land, working and gathering the
crop, as compared with other
grain crops, as the difference is
not very great, except with corn,
when the cost of the latter li
much greater.
Some idea can be formed of the
nutritive value of clover hay by
referring to Bossingault's table ol
nutritive equivalents, who makes
one ton of the hay worth forty
bushels of oats, twenty-four and a
half of wheat, twenty-tour and a
half of corn, twenty-five and a
half of rye, and twenty-six arin
two-thirds of barley. The markel
value of these articles will indi
cate the real value of one ton o
clover hay.
2Now this is but little over the
-half of one crop from an acre o
poor land, at a cost of twenty dol
lars in fertilizers. A second cror
can be had the same year and
nearly equal in quantity and value
and the same amount realized foi
two years more without addition
al preparation or sowing and witi
but a moderate expenditure foi
fertilizers as a top-dressing.
Similar treatment of land, already
in good heart,will be attended witi
good results much more favorable
Clover is a valuable feed for
horses, cattle and hogs, -ut 'S es
pecially so'for work animals, con
taining, as it does, so much of the
flesh-forming principles. As a
green manure, perhaps there is nc
other crop so- vauaable-certainly
none possessing so -many other
valuable qualities. Having a long
tap-root, penetrating the soil fron
twelve to eighteen inches in depTh
the sub-soil which has never beer
toucbed by the plough-point it
partially under-drained by being
rendered mnore porous and *arm
ed by a freer circulation of air
whilst it is forced to yield its rick
treasures for ages-unused. -At tbi
sanie time the 16af li' drawini
from the air (th.esoure-of all or
ganic rmanares) fabulone -amounti
of the elements of fertility. Thui
drawingsfrom the air th.irga'nie
and from the sub-soil the inorgan
ic mnasuris and assimilating them
upon de~cay, restor'e them to th<
surface soil- where they are easil2
appropriated by succeeding crops
The cost, therefore, of producing
good erop of clover should not b
charged alone to the clover, becaus
the value of the land is greatly enhan
ced, and the yield of other crops tha
follow vastly increased. The cost
when properly divided between th<
increased value of the land and the in
creased production of succeeding crops
will be very small indeed upon th,
clover when compared with its rea
value. I have no hesitancy in sayini
that three facts can be established il
favor of clover-that it is the most er
tain crop we can raise, that it will pro
duce.more feed for stock at less: es
than any other crop, and that it is fa
superior to any other crop as a fertilii
ing agent. Whilst I feel equal to th<
proof of these assertions, yet the tim
and occasion will not allow the discus
sion in detail.
Assuming, then, that our estimoat
of clover is correct, we come finally t4
consider the influence it should hay
in the future of the South. Unfortu
nately for the Southern people, cottoi
seems to have demanded, remunerating
prices, and all have gone into it reck
lessly, hoping thereby to lift them
selves from the mire into which th<
general wreck has thrown them. ThE
all-cotton system, under this Upa:
shade of government, has tended only
to sink them deeper in the mire.
Cotton field laborers as rulers influ
enced by their willing and thievisl
tools, commonly known as carpet-bag
gers and scalawags, and backed by
a hostile National Government, have
by their boasted system of confisca
tion and by taxation, so arranged it a~
to make the production of cotton eosi
nearly all that it is worth in the mar
ket, whilst a very considerable portiot
of the supplies used must be bought
'at just as much loss as they cost. . Un
der this system the cotton plantei
proper (unless he has set up a litth
store to catch his neighbor's cottor
also,) has found himself fritterina
away, gradually though constantly
the little that was left from the wreeck
of the war.
A change is therefore needed-i
something that is more economically
raised than cotton and more difficult
to convert to anothers use in order t<
make the farm self-sustaining, and~
after this, cotton only as a markel
crop and the exponent of' our clesl
proflts~ Our great want is to procure
Colunmtia wat
18. FALL AND
R. & W. 0
COLUMBI
Are now opening the largesi
stock of
READY-MADI
ATS. AND NTS I
That can be found in the City.
IN OUR CUSTOM
We have a full line of FORE]
SIMERES and VESTINGS,
der in the best manner, and gi
All orders will have best ati
Goods sent C. 0. D., subject
JOHN C. DIAL,
COLUMBIA, S. C.
.LDEAL.R-IN
Lime, Cement, Plaster, Hair, Laths,
Locks, Hinges, Nails, Bradi, White Leads
and Colored Paints, Varnishes, Brushes,
Paint Oils, Glass, Putty, &c.
All goods warranted as represented, and
prices guaranteed as low as any house in
this city for same quality of goods.
Nov. 4, 44-8m.
FALL AND WINTER
LOTII AD HATS
AND
MENS' FURNISHING GOODS.
KINARD & WILEY,
COLUMBIA, . C,
Lespectflyanuc that their stock ofI
CLOTH and HAnc is complete, and will
be kept so throughthe season; isthelar est
in the city, and will be suld at L EST
PRICES.
HATS HATS HATS
WOOL IN FELT SILK
50e. up to $8.00.
Scarlet Shirts and Drawers
in Silk and Merino.
Boys' and Youths' Clothing,
New Styles. Fashionable Cut.
Business Salts, $6, $8, $10,
$12, $15, and up to $60.
SHIRTS. SCARFS, GLOVES, BRACES, SUS
-UMBREiAS an GINGIAM, inK
great varieties, LOW IN PRICE.
Oct. 21, 42-tf.
JOHN C. DIAL,
Direct Importer and Dealer in
HARD WARE,
COLUMBIA, S.-C.,
Has the largest variety of HARDWARE
to be found-in the State. Call or send or
ders and be convinced. Prices and quality.
of gooda.guaranteed.
Orders accompanied with cash or satis
factory referer,ces,<ril have prompt atten
tion. . Nov. 4, 44-8m.
Se&gers'irs, GiOImImeI&
The Beer.
TeCincinnati Gazette makes the aston
ishing announcement that Cincinnati beer
iis no longer pure, but adulterated with mo
lasses, sugar of starch,;fusel oil and-the
poisonoos- colehicum. The Commissioner
Sof Agriculture, in his report for 1885, says
that Prof. Mapes, of New York, analyzed
the beer from a dozen different breweries,
and found all of it adulterated. Cocculus
Indicus anl nusz vomica entered largely in
1o its composition.
J. C. SEEGERS guarantees his beer to be
pure4and reliable. He does noi. adulterate
it, but brews from the best barley, malt and
hops. Feb. 4, 5-tf.
JOHN C. DIAL,
COLUMBIA, S. C.,
Has a full stock of Building Materiel,
Carpenters', Blacksmiths', Masons' and Tan
Lners' Tools.
All goods warranted as represented.
Prices as low as the lowest for good goods.
Orders with the cash, or satisfactory re
ferences, promptly attended to.
Nov. 4, 44-3m.
M1. GOLDSMITH. P. KIND.
i'uxwrnn,
COLUMBIA, S. C..
GOLDMITH & KIN,
Founrs ad Machinis8s
Have always on hand
Stationary Steam Engines
and Boilers for Saw
hills, Etc.
SAW AND GRIST MILLS,
Cotton Presses,
Gearing,
Shafting,
Pulles, Etc.
CASTLNGS of every kind in Iron or Brass.
We guarantee to furnish Erigines and
at aslw rates as cae ~a in the Nortnd
PROVED IVTR WHE Ethic wDe Ire
comnd o power, siplicty of construe
ewarrant our work ad asure prompt
Jan. 14, 2-tf. GOLDS bia S.D,
THE FALL SESSION
OF THE
NEWBERRY
FEMALE ACADEMY
WILL COMMENCE ON THE 16TH SEPT,
- rea A.10 P.n Ia
A. P. Pfli'~R. A. M.. PrincinaL
'ertisemnen*s.
WINTERS iri5.
HTK
SWAFFIELD,
IA, S. C.,
most elegant and stylish
t
] CLOTHING,
'RNISHING GOODS,
t
DEPARTMENT
GN and DOMESTIC C AS
which we are making to or
iarantee satisfaction.
ention.
to inspection. Sep.s3,
Stationery and Binding.
NEW STITIONERY HIOUS8E.
E. R. STOKES
HAS just opened, in the new and hand
some building immediately opposite the
Pbcenix office, on Main street, a complete
tock of
STATIONERY,
Comprising Letter, Cap and Note Paper, of
all sizes, qualities and of eVery description;
Flat Papers of Cap, Demy, Double-Cap, Me
dium, Royal, :Super-Royal, and Imperial
=ses, which will be sold in any quantity, or
manufactured into Blank Books of any size,
and ruled to any pattern, and bound in any
style, at short notice.
ENVELOPES
In endless variety-all sizes, colors and quali
ties.
BLANK BOOKS
Of every variety, Memorandum and Pass
Books, Pocket Books, Invoice and Letter <
Books, Receipt Books, Note Books.
ARCHIrECTS and DRAUGHTSMEN will
find a complete stock of materials for their I
use. Drawing Paper, in sheets and rolls,
Bristol Boards, Postal Paper and Boards, Oil
Paper, Pencils, Water Colors, in cakes and
boxes, Brushes, Crayons, Drawing Pens.
SCHOOL STATIONERY
Of every description; a great variety of con
venient and useful articles for both Teachers
and Pupils.
ALSO,
Photograh Albums, Writing Desks, Port
folios, Cabas, with boxes, and a countless
variety of
FANCY ARTICLES.
Also, 8 most elegant stock of Gold Pens
and Pencil Cases, superbly-mounted Rubber
Goods.
INKS.
Black, Blue, Violet mid Carmine, Indelible
and Copying; Mucilage; Chess and Back
gammon Men and Boards: Visiting and Wed
ding Cards, and everything usually kept in a
First Olass Stationery Douse,
Which the subscriber intends this shall be..
He will still conduct his BINDERY and
BLANK BOOK MANUFACTORY and PA
PER-RULING ESTABLISHMENT, which,
has been in successful operation for over
thirty years in this State, and to which he,
will continue to devote his own personal at
tention. His stock will be kept up full and
complete, and his prices will be found always
reasonable, and he hopes to have a share of
E. R. STOKES, Main Street,
Nov. 15, 46-tf Opposite Phcanix Of fice.
ESTABUSH~ EC1882.
Nos. 3 Broad Street and 109 East Bay Street,
CHARY.ESTON, S. C.
VTATIONERS
FIRST-CLAss WORK
OUR SPECIALTY,
YZT, EY U8ING cHEAPER GEADEs OF STOCK,
WE CAN FUENIsH woRI AT
LOWEST LiVING PRICES.
FINE FASHIONASL.E STATIONERY,
Piries Paper and Envelopes.
wedding and Qali Jritations
ON THE BEsT sTOCK AND PRINTED IN THE
LATEST STYLE.
Sep. 9, ''74-36-ly.
Sterves, Tin Ware, #c.
ToVES, TIN IIREt, &R
L. H. REDUS, Agt.,
(SUCCESSOR TO W. T. WRIGHT.)
Respectfully informs the citizens of New
berry, that he has bought out the entire I
stock of Mr. W. T. Wr:ght, and having
Made Large Additions
to the same is prepared' to supply all de
mands
At Low Prices for Cash.
He keeps on hind every kind o,f
Stove, Cooking, Parlor and
Office,
and all other articles in the tin line, and is
prepared to execute all kinds of repairing.
Guttering and Roofing
ittended to promptly.
An examination of stock, and orders for
work solicited.(
La. H. REDUS, Agent. b
Dec. 16, 50-tf.
NE ADL
PE ADL
AND
eiVedicines.
VE.GETA BLE
V E
/V P
A mild aperient andigentle purgativa, re
ommended forthe cure ot all dcrangement.
>f the stomach, liver and bowels. By theil
imely use much sickness is prevented. The
est of many years have proven them to bt
he safest, surest and best of all the pill,
ver offered to the public. They purify th(
ilood, remove all corruptions and restort
he diseased system to perfect health. Aj
a Antidote to Chills and Fever they have nc
qual. For Sick Headache and Bilious Coli
hey are a sure cure. For Constipation, Rhen,
atism, -iles, Palpitation of the Heart, Pair
a the Side, Back and Loins, Nervousness, E
ositive remedy. For Female Irregularities
ithout a rival. When one does not "fee
-ery well," a single dose stimulates the sto
nach and bowels, restores the appetite, ane
mparts vigor to the system. Sold every
vihere. Office, 18 Murray Street, New York
Dr. Tutt's Hair Dye
s easily applied, Imparts a beautiful blacl
>r brown, and acts like magic. The best it
he world. Sold by all druggists. Price
0.00 a box.
The ghastly record of deaths that result fron
>u1monary affections Is frightful. There ij
io disease that is so insiduous in its attacl
Ls consumption. By the neglect of "sligh
olds" they soon become deep seated an
lefy remedies which, if applied at the out
ret, would have averted all danger. - Dr
Putt's Expectorant has proven itself the mos
raluable Lung Balsam ever discovered. A
listinguished clergyman of New York, pro
>ounces it the "greatest blessing of the nine
eenth century," and says "no family shouk
)c without it." It is pleasant to the taste
td a single dose will often remove the mos
)bstinate cough. Office, IS Murray Street
(ew York. Apr.1, 8-ly.
NMMONS' HEPATIC COMPOUNI
OR
LIVER CURE
Is pronounced by Dr. C. A. Simmons, wb4
,as the lormer proprietor of Simmons
iver Rlegulator, as being far superior t4
n1y Liver Medicine now offered the public
t has a large circulation and is still gaininj
rround. Although this is a new prepara
ion we unhesitatingly say we can produce
s good certificates from as good men a
)ur land can furnish.
This Medicine is now for sale at Manufac
urers rates by
DR. W. F. PRATT,
Sole Agent for this place.
E. L. KING & SONS,
UANrFACTURERS AND PROPRIETORE
COLUMBIA, S. C.
Feb. 25, 8-1y.
DR. H. .BAER,
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL
DRUGGIST
NO. 131 MEETING STREET,
CHARLESTON, S. C.
May 8, 18-tf.
Photography.
COME ON
FOR ALLTHINGS ARE NOW REAO~
AT'THE
PHOTOGRAPH GALLERY
Having just returned from the Northeri
Diies, and the National Photographic At
sociation at Buffalo, 1 feel better prepare
: do good work than ever before, by th
dvantages of the latest improvements, an'
the prettiest styles.
My stock is larger than ever, and amon,
which are, a fine lot of.
Albums, Fancy
Picture Paper Weights, Ac
I am pi-epared to take
PHOTOGRAPHS, FERROTYPES,
Dopying and Enlarging Old Pictures
Taking Residences, &c.
Call while the pretty weather lasts; re
nember that delays are dangerous, and d1
'ot put it off.
A proof is always furnished for inspectioi
>efore the picture is printed.
The surest way is to come at once ani
et pictures at the Newberry Gallery of th,
er ready Photogropher,
W. H. WISEMAN.
Oct. 8, 40-tf.
PlROTORAPI GALLE1Y
COLUMBIA, S.0O
Visitors to the city are respectfully in
ited to visit my rooms, where can be seet
pecinmens of pictures in all styles of the Arn
Satisfaction guaranteed anid prices cheat
A. M. RISER,,
Oct. 1, 39-tf. Plain Street.
-Under taking.
C. M. HARRIS,
Dabinet Maker &Undertaker
Has on hand and will make to order, Bed
eads, Bureaus, Wardrobes, Safes, Sofas
~etees, Lounges, &c
Cabinet Work of all kinds made and re
~aired on liberal terms.
Has on hund a full supply of Metalic, Ms
ogany and Rosewood Burial Cases.
Coffins made-to order at short notice, anr
earse supplied.
Oct 9 40 tf. MARTIN HARRIS.
:iskS MSta|||c Hllial Case8
THE SUBSCRIBER has constantly or
and a fullassortmnent of the above approve<
ases, of different patterns, besides coffin:
f his own make, all of which he is prepare<
o furnish at very reasonable rates, witl
romptness and despatch.
Persons desirous of having cases sent b;
ailroad will have them sent free of charge
A Hearse is always on hand and will bi
urnished at the rate of $10 per day.
.hankful for past patronage, the sub
criber respectfully asks for a continuatici
f the same, and assures the public tha
o effort on his part will be spar(-' to rendel
be utmost satisfaction.
R. C. CBlA2MAN,
Newberry S. C., July 31l.
OARD REDUED TO $3,00 PER DAY
3LUMBIA HOTEL,
COLUMBIA, S. C.
The Proprietor of this well known FIRST
LASS HOTEL would respectfully inform
is many friends ar'd the traveling public
enerally, that he hzas this day REIIUCEDI
uIS RA TES OF BOA RD from $4 per day
$3 PER DAY, and at the same time
ledges himself to spare no pains in the
maanagement of the house to sustain its re
.tto safrtcasHtli eevr
utto asa Wistcls H oR n,ryr
.
WM GORMAN.
aliseellaneous.
RE
V
Dr. J. Walker's California
Ti negar Bitters are a purely Veg
etable preparation, nade chiefly from
the native herbs found on the lower
Iran;.es of the Sierra Nevada moun
tains of Californiia, the medicinal
prope'ties of which are extracted
therefrom withoat the use of AlcohoL
The question is almost daily asked,
"W Lt i.; the cause of the unpar
e 11YuCess of VINEGAR BIT
:i.i;" Our answer is, that they
en110.e the cause of disease, and
the l;tie:.t recoveri his health. They
are ihe great bhm.u parifier and a
i In priciple, a perfect Reno
vaLor :n. J;ivigorator of the system.
Never befo~re in the history of the world
h ta a mdicino been compounded _pos
reAsinzIr the remarkable qualities of VI
F:;.x 'Brras in healing the sick of
every disease man is heir to. They are
a gentle Pur.rative as well as a Tonic,
relieving Congestion or Inflammation of
the Liver and Visceral Organs, in Biliouj
The properties of DR. WALK
ER'S VjSXU4.Al3rrTEas-are Aperient, Dia
phoretie, Carminative, Nutritious, Laxa
tive. Diaretie, Sedative. Counter-Irritant,
rAlterntivo. and Anti-Bilious.
R. M. PEDONALD &e Co.,
Druggists & Gen. Agt., San rNao Califer.
Sia, & cr. ofW &h-g-AdChub= SW,N.Y.
Sold by WIt u"t sa ts.
Apr. 29, 1874-17-ly.
F. No PARKER,
SUCCESSOR TO WEBB, XONES & PARED
(Between Pool's Hote-and the Post Office,)
DEALER IN*
HARNESS,
SADDLES and
LEATHER
IHaving bouglt the EN TIRE STOCK
of the Harness and Saddle Manufactory. of
Messrs. Webb, Jones & Parker, I am pre
pared. to do all kinds of work in this line.
Also will keep on hand for sale, HARNESS,
SADDLES, &e., HARNESS LEATHER,
SOLE LEATHER, UPPER LEATHER, &c.,
of the best and cheapest. REPAIRING
and all work done to order -
at Cash Prices and at Shrtest
Notice
A pr. 15, 15--t(.
WM. C. BEE & CO.,
FACTORS
-AND
COMMISSION MERCHANTS,
Adger's Wharf, Charleston, S. C.
Liberal advances miade upon consignments
of Cotton and other produce to them'ini
SCharleston, or through them to their cor
respondents in Liverpool, New York anid
Baltimore.
Particular attention given to sale of
upland Cotton.
Wxr. C. BEE, jEUGENEr P. JERVEY,
2Tax.o. D. JERVEY, LArUREs N. Cnso.x.
O)ct. 28, 43-..4ft.
THE LANDMARK,
PUBLISHED AT
STATESVILLE, IREDELL CO., N. C.,
-I TaK
LeadingL Newspaper in Western North Cas
lina.
mIt is the only Demnocratic Paper published in
Iredell County-one of the largest and wealthiest
counties in the State-and has attained alae
local circulation than any paper heretofore pp
hished in the county.
Its circulation in Alexander, Wilkes, Ashe,
'Alleghiy Yadkle, Davie and Iredell, is larger
than tht of any two papers in the State comn
hinied ; and is rapidly acquriga strong foothold
in Forsythe, Sarry, itowan adWestern Meet
Slenburg.
It is the only paper in Western North Carolina
ithat employs a nLGULRa CAisyAssIsG AGxxT,
and thus kept constantl before the pepe
Under this system a rpdyincreasing cfrula
THE BEST ADVERTISING MEDIUM
lIw WEsTEnX NOaTH CiAOLIXA.
Addiess- "AD R
-D~c. 16, 50-tf. Statesvilte, N. C.
ViCK'S
FLORAL GUIDE
.FO R 1875.
PUBLIsHED QUARtTERL.-January Nula
ber just issued, andl contains over 100 Pages,
500 Engravings, t.lescriptions of more than
500 of our best FLWERS and YEGETABI.ES,
with Directions for Culture, etc. The moot
useful andt elegant work of thme kind in the
world. Only 25 cents for the year. Publish
ed in English and Germnan.
A ddress, .JAMlES -VICK,
Dee. 23*, 51-2mi. Rochester, N. X.
OUR MONTHLY,
-Is a religious Ma.gazine.
Advocates IBrothecrly love among Chris
tians.
-Has a Local Department.
Advocates Temnpernce.
Scientilic and I.itcrary Notes.
Twenty-four P'ages and Cover.
SUBSCR11PTI0N, $1.00.
Subcrptinsreceived at the* Newberry
Or send to WM. P. JACOBS,
Nov. 11, 45-tf. Clinton, S. C.
NEWBERRY MERCHANTS
GET A GREAT DEAL OF TRADE
FnoM
LAURENS COUNTY.
They will find it to their advantage to ad
Vertise ini
OUR MONTHLY,
Nov. 11, 45-tf. CLINTON, S. C.
JAS. LEFFEL'S
IMPROVEDiDOUBLE.
Turbine Water Wheel.
POOLE & HUNT, Baltimore,
sr.M+...t.ersfor the South andl Sauthwest,
Rai
THE PALM
A NEW ASSENER RO1
SOUTH CAROLINA
The attention of the travelling public al(
WELMnGTON, COLUVIA ; AUGUSTA, C3
GMENTILE &ND (X
and at Columbia, is invited to the special ar
accommodation in visiting Columbia and C1
FAzVT PASSENGER TRAINS between Cola
Columbia with the Charlotte, Columbia and
Roads, enabling the citizens along the line o
and Wilmington, Columbia and Augusta Rai
ample time to transact business and return I
business men of Columbia and along the CI
ton. Columbia and Augusta Rail Roads to vi
fortable manner and without los of time. I
GOIN(
Leave Charlotte....................... 8.40 A.
Arrive at Columbia................... 2.42 r. i
Leave Columbia.....................8.16 P. I
Leave Florence.............. .12.45 A. I
Arrive at Charleston................... 6.15 A. I
GOING
Leave Charleston..................... 6.00 P. I
Leave Florence..,.. .......... 2.00 A.]
Arrive at Columbia.................... 4.00 A. I
Leave Columbia..................... 245 P. A
Arrive at Charlotte.................. 9.00 P. 3
Dec. 23, 51-t.
TrIE G
ATLANTIC .COASI
Comprising Charlotte, Colum
Columbia & Augusta, WilI
& Roanoke, and Connec
ship Lines, at Wilmih
Trans ing Freights to and from Stea
mouth, n a; withdn= drayage, transfers,
to and from all points South. Being es
of tri2me. the Management Invites attntion
which equal all others In prompt movemen
insurance.
Information of the forwarding of freight
signees. and all claims for loss, danmae and
of the Linesied herein.
SCHEDULE OF
At Portsr
FOR BA
BAY LINE STEAMER-, -
ANNAMESSIC LINE STEAMERS,4 -
CLYDE STEAMERS, - - -
FOR Nk
DAILY (except Fridays,) at 7'p. m.
FOR 13
XEECHANTS AMINERS' LINE,
-T FOR PRO
MERCffANTS ? MINFMS LINE, - -
FOR^BAJ
BALTIMORE & SOUTHERN TRANSPORTA
FOR PHIL
PHILADELPHIA A SOUTHRN.STEAMH1
FOR NE
CLYDE A CO.'S NEW YORK AND-WILMNG
Connecting at each place with rail lines for
rent rates are given and guaranteed. -
The following namedAgents North will
line: -
- BALTIMORE.
W. H. FITZGEI.LD, No. 9, German Street.
E. FITZGERALD, 50 South Street.
NEW YORK.
C. E. BRAINERD, 397 Broadway.
"GREAT ATLAN'2
FAOf FRECIl
Especially-arranged for the -movement of C4
OING NOESE
Leave.eAUGUSTA, - - - 7AQ a..m.
Leave tCOLUMBIA - 6.00' a. m.
Arriveat WIL-MINGTON . 7-15 p. m.
Leave WILMINGTON - 8.00 p. me.
Arrive at ?PORT8MOUTH - 4.00 p.m:,
*Connects elose with Inward bound
Through Freight 'ris on- Georgia Rail
road.
tConnecting with inward Freight Trains
from.Greenville and Colutnbia Railroad,
and Charlotte Division afCharlotte, Colum
bia and Auuta Railroad.
tConnecin losely with outward-bound
Bliore Piadelphia, New York and
AVERAGE T1
Augusta to Balmre, 4 lisys; Aaga
New York, 5 Days; As
Ws For all Information, Blank Bills of]
following Southern Agents of the Line:
HI. M. COTTINGZHAM, Western Agent, A
Augusta; U. P. CfLARK, F'orwarding Agent,
F. W. CLARK,
Assistant General Freight Agent,
Wilmington, N~ .
Feb. 27, 7-tf.
South Carola Rallira Company,
CEaar.aSOR, 8. C., October 18,1878.
ON anid after SUNDAY, October 19, the Pas
se Trains onthe South Carolina Rail Road
Leave Charleston at ................... 9.00 a m
Arrive at Colutublaat......................... .00 pm
ion AUGUwT.
Leave Charleston................... 9.00 a U
Arrive at Auguata......... ........5.0 p
los CEmarLToX..
Ieave Columbia at................. 8.0 am
Arrive at Charleston et'-- - --.W.wm 4.20 p 3
Leave Au .........a... ....80a m
Arrive at Chresta...... ... ......4Jpm
cowaxar arIOT varsa (Sandaysencepted.)
Leve Charsonat...................... 10 pm
Arrive at Columbia at..............-6.0i ama
Leave Columbia at...................7.15 p U
-Arrive at Charleston at....:..........6.4 ama
AnUGsTA 31GnT zarnssa, (Sundays excepted.)
Leave Charleston..................8.0 p m
Arrive at Augusta...............750a m
Imave Augut.................6.t'p m
Arrive at Caleston...............40 am
gUxKzav.iI.E. TaAIN.
Leave Summerville at..........-....72 am
Arrive at Charleston..,.............8 a a
Leave Charleston.................3.10 p m
Arrive at Summervllle.............4 86p m
Leave Camden.....................6.50 ama
Arrive at Columbia................11.0 a m
Leave Columbia. -..................--.10p m
Arrive at Camden..................836 pma
Day and Ni ht.Trans sake close eonnactioa
at Ata, with Gerinload.
Macon and Augusta Railroad. This Is also the
ulckest and most direct route, and as -ern
frtable and asayehrrot,t ot
gomery Selma, obile, Ne rea,and all
other ponsSouthwest, ad to Loeuisvine, Cm.
cnnati, Citiag, St. Louis, and all other polis
West and Lothest.
Columbia Night Train connects closely with
the Greenville and Columbia Railroad; and with
the Charlotte, Columbia and Augusta Railroad
for points North
Through tickets on sale to all points North and
West..
* Camden Train conineets at Kingvlliedat(ez
Sept a s) with Day Passenger Tri,and
rust to Columbia on Mondays, Wees
days and bturday
8. B. ICENS, General Ticket Agent.
WIMIMTiN, COWUBIA AUD AUBIUSTA R, R.
GvEEaAr, PasszmrGua Daras,1
Cox.UXaa, S. C.,Jannary 11,1875.
The following Passenge Schedule wMil be ope
rated on and a!ter. onda, JanuarylI1th:
GOING NORTH.
No.!2 Train. No: 4 Train.
Leave Colnmbia........ 8.8J a.u. 8135 p. m.
Iave Florence........., 1.10 p. m. 12.50 a. us.
Arrive at WIlmington.. 7 00 p. ms. '7.lo a. a.
GOING SOUTH.
No.1lTrain. No.8 TraIn.
Leave Wilmington.. 40 a. ms. 6.25 p. us.
Leave Florence....~.-.12.0) p. m. 114e p. ms.
Arrive at Columbia .. . 51Op, m. 4.15 a. ms.
Train No. 2, from Columbia, Mail and Expre.
connects closely at Florence with N. E. . it. . fo
Charleston, and at Wihnington with W. & W.
E. R. to all points North.
rrain No. 4, from Columbia, Is Fast Expres,
mking throug ceonnections, all Rail, North and
South, and W~ater Line connections via Ports
mouth, and at Florence for Charleston.
Trains No -1, from Wilmington, connects close
ly at Florence with N. E. B. H. for Charleston.
Train No.8, from Wilmington, Is a Fast Ex
nress, connigclosely from and to all points
JAMES ANDERSON.
GIeneralSaperintenldenlt.
A. Pora, General Passenger and TicketAgent.
TO TEXAS
AlRK AN SA S.
The completion of the TEXAS AND PA
CIFIC RAILROAD enables the KKSsssaw
Rours, Via Western & Atlantic B. B., to
offer the only all rail route from Georgia
and die Oaroli.s to all points in Texas.
On and after September 1st, through
coahes lave A tlanta daily for Memnhis,
UTTO LI N
E BETFEEN All POINT X iN
AND CHIARIESTON.
ong the line of the
UZART, CoLM IA A AOUMA, AM
~LUNBIA IAIL-30aSr
a nements made for their 0onveieMeeand
in the shape of DOUBLE DAILY
abia and Charleston-Conl dO
&ugusta, and Greenville and Cnmbi
f the Cheraw andJ, Noth EXsten
I Bonds to visit the CapI of the State, bave
sne the sAme day. Ialso, the mercbants Sind
LrIotte, Columbia and A t 4,4MIaW
sit Charleston and return quickly, in a com
he following is the SohedWl0
EAST.
If.
9. 5.00 P. M. &M A. M.
. .ISP.M -
L. 7AP. M.
WEST.
7.00 A..
12.50 P. II.
1. 9.30 A. M. rFlb P. I.
General
FREIGHIT.:RFK
bla and Augustat Wi*n",tO
ington & Weldon, Seabo.rd
iog Railway- and Stean
gton and Ports=outh -
aship Wharves at Wilmington and -
or exposure-to weather,and
edat eeq ment for al tA
to the f m
t, careful a abroke.a
is regularly transmittedtoShippers and Co -
era promptly inv1s0Ig&dd-by AgMM:
LTIMORE. -
.DELPHIA.
YORK.&
OSTON.
T uesdays andPMa,t
VIDENC. 7 rIasa
Wednesdaya sli& Mftl liat
ON COMPAXYS STANZRS,
P CO A $~k ~v~12S*
WYORK, . .
TON LUM-ERy WffedqaKW
all New England towns, to wfich ecur
aitend, In all respects, to the os E the
- PHtLAMLPEIBUL- - -
L W. KIWOBE, South.a i trest.
. - -11OSTON. ;I0
IC COAST LIN5,'%.
ton and Merchaudispn i euM0
Leave *PO BTX0U-I -.
Arriveet. WLXfNfGTON '
ILeave WILMIN4GTON - -
JArrive at tCOLUMBIA - - - .m
Arrive at 2AUGUSTA --6.p .
Boston SamaMps. - a
tConnecting with outwar'd regtTrains
of GEerevi1le an4 Cohnnbia .Daae4
Charlotte Division ofCb9te C I
of aG Aagugtaataia
tra
[ROUGH TIME
sa to PkIladelphla, S Uas; Augusta
adinig,Through Bates, etc., etc., apply to the.
anta, Ga.; JOHN JElmINS,BoSolting Agent)
Wilmnington, N.C;32 'N1.
andl. Columbia, S. C.
Atlanta and Irieben Air Mes -
Railway.
The oi
0011. NCS!E-EEZZSSe ?3&IN.
Imave Atanta....-................l8a
Le ave Se neca 01y..........;....16y
TeacT e a le.................. ..en,..
Leave Spartanb ........4.......
Arrivet i -- SAem
ILeave Sparlo ber...........................30am
Ieave GrenailC............................. sa.
B. 7. SAGE, Eug.* & . -
Greenville ? Columbi 3aIref.
O. and aiter Friday Aagust28,II7L.Me,
Trasmer Tnse hel-smb
dowin, a.s G6Sh Trains
ad:
Leave-Columbfi................-.
"ANewiirr............-..
"' Coher,...................
" .Beltos..................3
Arrive Greenville..............-' 5
DOW3. :.
Imave Greenville............... 6.30a
" Cokesbury.. ......................0s
" Newberry..................lUpW
" Alisto... .........
Arrive Colunbi. .-......-..
DOW N.
Leave WabH:t............ d
" APn Tb.............
Arrive at Belton................ .........3.14 a-m
Conneehin with down triefa Got WeV'Uh.
. UP. -
Eeave Belton at. 3.Op s
' ama..i.. -. . d.50 p.s
" Pendletos 5.60 p.M
Arrive at W ahaa.. . 7
BrDe,Xonay,Wedmlysa ie
derso,.on-eda 4uas and Same
THO0S. DOD AMEAD, Gm t 8Sg'.
JAns Kosrox,. General TihketAms*8
THE -snOEr LINE SCBEDULI
Charlotte, Columbia h Augusta L. U
rGte oaanTca
CoWana, S. C., Jamay
The followig M Sheule h e.e
- _o_ -0.m a a -.
No. ITena' No.4?rala.
Leave Augusta......9.3 A. 5. 4.'P. 5.
Leave GraitevlIIe......1.38LA M 63P..
Leave Columbia Juno'n 2.3 P.M. tZA P. M.
Leave Columba.....14 P. . .0P.Z.
Leave Chester... 35 P.S.
Arive Charlotte....0 P. M. ----
No.1 Treim. No. STruaM
Leave Charlotte.... A. N. ----
Leave Chester. ........1.'2 A. KL ---
Leave Columbia...3?. li. 8* A. K
Leave ColumblaJnn33.17 P. M. 4.3 A. 5.
LeavGantvrIIe.... t7.lh P. M. era..
Arrive Augusta.........8.06 P. 5. 8.IA.x.
*Breakfast; 3Dinner; ,Sppr
Trea No. 2, fomkumaen.eslesy
via Charlotte only for all paaeNothyi BiabRc
mud, and via Dmnville and Lynemeg. This
Tramn runs daily.
Train No. frinaug a~1 via
Columbia en lmntai,alt iiot
via Richmoud, all 11. And Pe ,
with Bay Leand O'd Dom==iss -
New York, Mody,Wednae S .
This Train runs .ail
Train No.1I, from ar - otte, ee tel
from Northern a.iint:alUesasAmsl
This Train runs dal.
TraIn No.3, from Clba, eaminesta
fom Northern ponsvia Wllmington, 1sta
Lies at A Tala hiafrabumsm
A. oraDGe.1 SO 15uke
sA. om,esmsauansTsmAgeL
rnimiuu auinm NIL m
The foilowin,PummScbeduiewili b~ge~
rated on and after 8uaiay~ November let,