University of South Carolina Libraries
IADVERTISINC RATES. T H E HEALD H A Ld en-ind-ttheter$1 IS P~DLInED,.~perC .quare--one inch-for Erst insertion, as.a 1s rUft.1snED) !Afrec usqen netO.DDl EVERY WEDNESDAY MOJ.NING, Noticesofmeeting,obituariesand trib At Newberry C. U., advetiements. BYThoa. F. & R. H. Greneker, Editors and Proprie:ors. her of insertions will be ktpt in Wi forts. - ~and charged accord1ing!f. SES e X j _____ _______ _..___- Specird enntracts mn-ide wita Iarg'sad*r Iuvariably in Advance. ----i-f--z- - - """ ti<er-, w:th liberal deduc:!ons on above rater r-T p E er i4t gt<p,-x- at the exi Atino tces expiration Vol. VII. W E DNESDAY MORNING, APRIL 2', 181. No. 1. D--i e Di . he M art enote expratio of-ub Acts and Joint 1Ies alution's 4med4 the Legisgature-Ser.sion 1870 and 1871. [OFFICIA L.] -AN ACT 7o AMIND AN ACT ENTIT.ED '"AN ACT PROVIDNG FoR THE AS SESSMENT AND TAXATION OF PROP ERT, PASSED 15TI SEITEMEII., - X AN) ALL ACTS AMENDATORY 'THERETo. SECTION 1. Be it enated by thri 1&nate and House of Representatice's 'of the State of South Carolina, now met and sitting in General Assembly, and by the authority of the same. That so much of an act entitled "An tkt providing for the assess inent nd taxation of property," approved the L5th of September, SGS, -.,ad all acts amendatorv tbereto as provides for the appoin t met and pay of district assessors rand 1iiastants be, and the same tare bereby, repealed ; and hereaf ter it .alI be the duty of county -auditwrs to receive the returns and taie the assessments, pro 'vided for in said act. within the times prescriVed by law; and for 'this purpose tie offl.es of the 'countv auditors shall be kept open to reeire the returns of taxpay ers dyring smeh timCs :Ls is now or nar be hereafter fixed by law. *9Ec. 2. T.bat the various county laditors Ie, and they are hereby, -uatholized to appoint m sullieient number <,f assistants to enable them to eomplete the said asess ient rithim the time fixed by law; and to defray the expenses ;f making said assessment, ithe said auditors shall draw rheir war z-ants aniily up11on the county 1reasturers, to be approved py the kounty eomnisstIers, for such isums as may bV necessary, but not to exceed the foulowing, to wit: -The auditor of Charleston County. two thousand d-)Ilars ; the audi. tors of Richland, Orangeburg, Col leton, Edgefield, Bea.iflrt, Barn well and Abbeville Counties, one thousand dollars; the auditors of. C h es t e r, Darlin.ton, Fairfield, Greenville, Marion, Samter and York Counties, eight, hundred dol Jar4; the aulitors of Gr.eownI, Xer.4haw, L:-uren,; Le.-xingrton, New berry, Spartan buir- and Union Counties, seven hundrel dollars; the auditorsof Chesterfiel, Claren loon, Marlboro' and Wiliamsburg Counties, six hundred dollars; the aulitors of Andersoi, I'Lrry. Lan raster. O1onee and Pickens Coun ties, five hundred dollars each. SEe. 3. That wheiever .ii tax payer shall fail to make return to the aulitor of hiis conty within the time prescribed y hrw, it shall be the duty of the countv auditor to enter on the tax duplicate a -ainst sutci t:ixp.tyer the proper ty charged to Li:m the previous year, with fifty per cent penialty added thereto, except in cases of sickness or absence tro:n the coun ty, when the trune amounts of pro perty only shali be chariged. Approved the 'J:hI day of March, A. D). 1871. AN ACT TO 3MAKE AIPPtGoPRIATION AND RAlsE sUPPLIES FOR TIlE; FIsCAL YEAR COMM3ENCING NO VEM1BER 1. 1870. SECTION 1. Be it rna"ted1 by the. Senate and JIou.se of Re'presentatices of the State of S-'th Carolina, now met and sitting in General Assembly, and by the authority of the same, That the following sum s be, and; f.hiey are hereby, appropriated for the paymeCnt of the various offieers and expenses of the State Govern jnent, that is to say : FOR sALARIES. For the Governor, three thous and five hundred dollars; for the seeretary of State, three thousand dollars; for clerk to secretary of State, one thousand dollars; for the.private secretary of the Gov ernor, two thousand dollars ; for the adjutant anid inspector-gene eral, two thousand five hundred <folars; for the comptroller-gene r-al, three thousand dollars ; for clerk to the comptroller-general, fourteen hundred and ninety-nine <dolk@-~ for the State treasurer, two thousand five hundred dollars; for the chief clerk to the State traurr fifteen hundred dollars; for a bookkeeper to the Staite treasurer, eighteen hundred dol lars; for auditor of State, two thousand five dollars; for the State; auditor's clerk, one thousand five hundred dollars; for the superin tendent of education, two thious 3rid- five hundred dollars; for the clerk to the superintendenit of edut cation, one thousand dollars; for the chief justice of the Suptreme C.ourt, four thousand dollars ; for the two associate justices, seven thousand dollars; for the eight cireuit judges, t wenty-eight thous and dollars; for the eight circuit solicitors, eight thousand dollars ; for the attorney-general, three thousand dollars; for the attorney general's clerk, one thousand dol lars; for the clerk of the Supreme Court, who shall perform the du ties of librarian of said court, fifteen hundred dollars; for- the State re porter, fifteen hundred dollars; for the keeper of the State house and State il-rarian, one thousand dol lars; for the superintendent of thI South Carolina penitentiary. tV( thousand dollars: for the thre< health officers, tbree thousand nint hundred doiar:; fir the watchmer ofthe State-house and grounds, si. hundred dollars each for th< county auditors. thirty-one thous and five hundred dollars ; for th< clerk to the auditor of the Count of Charleston, one thousand do! lars ; for additional clerical service five hundred dollars ; for the thre4 code commissioners, ten thousan five hundred dollars for tihe (ov ernor's messenger, three hundret dollars ; for the county school comn missioncrs, thirty-one thousant five hundred dollars. EXEeUTIVE IEPARTMENT. SEC. 2. For the contingent funt of the Governor, twenty thousant dollars, out of which shall be pai( the expenses of the bureau of agri cultural statistics, to be draw upon the order of the Governor for the contingent flnd of tl treasurer, two thousatid dollars one thousand dollars of which, i so much be necessary, for fittin; up the office of the State treasury for the contingent fund of the at torney N-reneral, five hundred dol lars; for the contingent fund o the comptroller-general, five hun dred dollars; for the contingen fund of the State auditor, five hun (red dollars ; for the contingen fund of the adjutant and Inspector general, five hundred dollars ,b the contingent fund of the super intendent of education, five hunl dred dollars ; for the contingen fund of the secretary of State, tiv< hundred dollars ; for the contin gent fund of the State librarian one hundred and fifty d>lars. The above appropriations to b, drawn on the order of the head of the several departments, if s< much be necessary. JUDICIAIY DEPARI.TMENT. S:x. 3. For the purcha,;e of book! for the Supreme Court library one thousand doilars, if so muel be necessary, to be drawn on th< order of the chief justice ; for con tingent expenses of the Supremi Court, under section 7 of an ac ratified the IStLI of Se;tember 1SGS, five hundred dollar, ; for at attenIdant on the library a!I room of t Ie Su preme Co rit, eigh 1111ndred1 dollars, to be p:d quar terly on the warrant of* the chie justice on the trea:urv, the sali attendant to be ppointed by, an removable at the p*leasur ; th said court. ORDINA,Y CiVIL EX1'ENs.S. Skc. 4. For the interst on pu lie debt, fmur hundred aii<i eighlity two thousand five I1-.11dred an' ninety-four dollars and trIy cCent (42.591.40;) lor the sapport o the Lunatie Asylnm, thirty thou, and dollars, to be dra vn on th< order of the Governor ; for th< supp)ort of the State Orphan Asy lumt, ten thoiusind dolla&rs, to b paid in accordance with the Ia" establishiing the same ; for th< quarantine expenses0, threeC thous and dollars; for the keeper of th< LazaretIto, eighit Ihu nd red do:llars to he drawn on the order of th< comptrollecr-general, accounts t< be first app)lrovedi by the Govern or: for th physician of the Charles ton jil, otne thousandI dollars ransportat ion and clot hing foi discharged conviets. three h udret dollars ; for. the Catawba Inudians one thousand five hundred dollars for the current printing of thi General Assembly, thirty thousam( dollars, if so much be necessary to be paid on the order of th< clerks of' both houss; for the pay ment of claims passed by the Gen ral Assembly fifty thousand dol ars, if so much be necessary ; foi deficiency for legislative expenses fifty thousand dollars, if so moel be necessary ; for deficiency fot payment of comissioners anc maagers of election, ten thousandi dollars, if so much be necessary, to be paid in the usual manner. EXTRAoRIDINARY EXPENSES. SEc. 5. For paat dues for eon struction, an'd con tinuingr the con struction of the South Caroling penitentiary, eighty-thousand dol lars, to be patid on the order of th< Governor ; for repairs on the tin versity buildings, six thousand lollars. to be paid on the order oi the Governor ; for indexing ha records of the surveyor's offie, two thousand dollirs, to be pain upon the order of the secretary 0; State. EDUCATIONAL DEPARTMENT. SEC. 6. For the support anc maintenance of f r ee com mor schools, one hundred and fifty thousand dollars. in addition tc the capitation tax: Procided, Th( said sum of one hundred and tifty thousand dollars be apportioned among the several counties of tha State, in proportion to the numbem of children betwveen the age of six and sixteen ; further, that eacb eountV shall be entitled to the amounit of the poll tax raised in said county: for the support 01 the South Carolina University, twenty-five thousand dollars ; foi th support of the South Carolina Institution for the education 01 the dea' and dumb and the blind, tel tloi-sanId dollars, to be paid on the order of tihe Governor ; fom books already purchased by the State for1 the use of the commno schools of this State. thirty-four thousand and twenty dollars and flurteen cents (834.o20.14,) to be paid on tle order of' the superin. tendent of education; for purpose: inlicated in the 7th section of' a approved March 91.h1, 1SG9, tive thousand dollars. M1ILITAR1Y EXI'ENsFS. S tx. 7. For defraying the ex. penses of the militia, ten thousand dollars, five thousand of which shall1 be used for fitting up tiht liitarV hal1 in] the City of Charles. tol ; one tliun anl 1':- rt,pairlw-, Iand litting up the :rse.-al inl Beau ftIrt, to be di.Srti'ed by the adlju I tant and insp leto r-gen eral upoln - tle order of' he Governor. SEC. S. That all taxes assessed ; -and poyable n111,11-r this act shall be paidl ini thI- f.dwin kinds o1 filinds, viz: liIl recei'able of the r State. United States curretny, na3. tional ban nloes, g-old or silvei coin. Approved March 7th, 1S71. I* AN ACT TO CREATE A DT.ET OF T11 STATE OF SOUT11 CAROLINA, TO T-l KNOWN AS TIE sT:RLING FUNI>EF -EUT ; TIE SANE, OR TIlE PRO CEEDS TIIEREOF. TOE EXCLUSIVE I.Y ISE) IN EXCIIANGE DoR, 01 EN AYe .mIFNr OF -1rF EXISTING 11Un. LIC BErT OF, SAID STATE. SECrioN 1. Be it enacted by fit L Senate and louse of Representatier( of the Stare of Sop'h Carolina, nou - eta a-I .sting in General Assendly and by the authority of the same That the Governor of the Statt be, and lie is herebi, aut horized to borrow. on the credit of thc State Of Sionth Carolizia, a sumn not exe eding one million twc hundred thousand pounds sterling uclih debt, to be represented by coupon bonds ; the same to be-I six pounds per centum per annuin i interest, in gold. payable semi an. Inually ; the principal and interest thereof to be payable in the City of' Londoi, in England, and the PrIncipal thereof to be redeemabl anld payable within twenty year tr;oi the passagc of this act, in gold coin. SEe. 2. Such debt, hereby an. thorized, shall be known as tIe steiling funded debt. The bonds to lie issued in pursuiance hereof ,hal, he si-ned IV the Governor, an1d counter1ined%b thle State treasurer. iulr the seal of tis State. They may be issued in sums of nlot less than onle lhun1mdred h inds stering. Thle counpons at tacled to such bond.- shall be si.ned by the 'State treasu re'r, o executed in such manner as the Governor of the State may aip pr~ov e, his sgtueto said bonds be'i n evidence of such approval. S?:. 3. That all or the bonids atuthlorized by this act, or thir proc'eeds, shall be used excluisively in exebancec for, or in paymnen t of, the existing public debt of this St ate heretofore authlorized. Sue. 4. That all thle bonds here by Lun hi'r:zed shall lie placed in lie hands of a financial agent of this State, to he appoinited by the Governor, att or.mey-general, and treasurer, comnptroller-gene Iral, secret ary of State :Procided, That said financial board shall re ceive tio compensation. Such a gent shall reside in the City of London afo)resaid ; and the finan eial board hereinbefore author ized, or n :-;;;j,a Ry of them, through the financial agenu of the~ State in New York, are hereby authorized and directed to enter into an agreement with such ti nianeial agent as may be appoint. ed as aforesaidl for' the negot iationi of said bonds; for thme pay ment of the interest thereon until the ma turity thereof; for' the paiymnent of said bonds at maturity, and for the~ excbange of' the samre for' any of the public debt of this State, or for the payment of anmy of said '.ubllic debt, from the proCceds of such new bonds as they may deem to be for the interest, of' this State: Prociidd That none of the exist ing public debt as aforesrid shall Lbe paid before the ma turity thereof out of' the proceeds of thle bonds hereby authorized, inless the same can he iurehased and redeenmed at a rate not ex eedtig the rate at w hiich suchl new bonids shaill he negotiated; and, for' the purposes ot this act, and in payment of interest on said bonds, and in the redemption thereof, the pound sterling shall be deemed to be the eriuivalent to five dollars in gold coin of the United States :Pror.ded, That the financial agenlcy cr'eated by this act shaill not be placeed in the hands of' any one person, but shall be entrusted to the mnanagemrent of a~ resp)onsible banking-house, of tist-class reputation. in the new and old world. SEe. 5. That an annual tax, in additi>n to all othern taxes, shall be levied upon all the taxab;e proper'ty within this State sufhi' r.;ent to pay the intcrest on the debt hereby authorized, at the same time when such interest shall become die and payable, and such interest shall be remitted to said financial agent in London, and a ftirther sinilar tax shall be levied in the same manner suffi Cient to provide tr a sinking fund of two per centiim in gold per an num on the fill amount of the debt hereby created. which sink in.- f'Znd slhall be remitted to the said financial agent of the State in London, to tie ap-plied to the redemption and payment of two per centum of the iprincipal of the said bonds at par. The bonds thus to be paid shall be annually drawln, by lot, at, such time and place, and under ,uch regulations as the Governor of the State and said financial ag-ent may de ter 1ie. and on alI such draw in.-s the Atmer;van Minister to the Coui rt of, St. James in England, or tle secretar of the A merican Le g:tion inl LotIndon, or the Ameri can Con!;l at London, shall be in vited to be present, and to certify to such drawin"s. Sc. G. From time to time, and when any of the existing pulie debt of the State shall be redeemin ed, by the exchnnge of the bonds hereby authorized, or shall be paid from tl:e proceeds thereof, such debt. so redeetmed or paid, and the evidence thereof, shall be forth with a bsolutely cancelled.and shiall not be reissuied ill any 1m, ard the total amomuts thus re deemed or pail shall be annually reported by the comptroller-gen eral. SSc. 7. That the faith, credit and funds of tlie State of' South Carolina are hereby so!einlyi and iiirevocaby pledged for tile pune tual payment of, thlie princip:d and interest of the debt hereby cre ated, and for the annual redemp tion of that portion thereof fur which aIiiking1 fund is auth.orizeI; and the issue by tle Governor of any of the bonds hereby author. ized s-all be conclusive evidence.in favor of any bona ride holder thereof, that the provisions of this act have been fully complied vit h by tihe States officers, aid that such bonds are legally and properly created. SI,c. . The honor and credit of this State is also hereby ple-l-ed to the holder .f the debt aut Ior ized by this act, that this .State will not hereafter, by itself, offi eers or ' aents, until said debt is f.u illy paid and dis!:arged, create any new dobt or obligation, or by the loan of its credit, by guaral ty. endorsement or otlirwise, exceUPt in.g for t he punrpose of meeting its obligationis, or ill and for tle or d Iiary and current business of the Stae, without first subi1tting the question as to the creation of anv such new deit. -cimarantv. endorse I ment of' loan of its (-redit to the people of this State, at a gceeraI state electiorn, and, unless two thirdi-s of the qualified voters of the State voting on this question1 shall be in faivor of' a further bebt, guaranty, endIorsemient or loatn of its credit, none suchi shall be t"'o atedl or made. SE.c. 9. The commission herein appoin111tedl, or a m:ijority of t hem.n are hereby aut hor'ized to pay such sums as may be necessary fomr thle aipurpse of' earriyi ng this act in to effect, out of any funds of' the Stt not otherwise aprpri:tted. SE:C 10. For the purposes of this act, and to cr.rry out the same, a!! acts, or parts of acts, in consistent with this act, are here by repealed. Approved March 7, 187L Remarks of Mr. Eldridgc on the "Ku Klux" Bill, The character of this legislation stted p)-Jithily and p)i ri tedly saebythe Democratic member from Illinois: "low is it that the masses, havingz just calmed andI settleud down after the most terr'ific ar.d sanguinary struggle the world ever witnessed, are again to be lashed inito pasion andc fury ? Sir. this is another declaration of war:; yes, sir, I declare it on) my responsibility as a Representa Itiv'e of this IIouse. This bill this bill now bef'ore this IIouse is itself a declaration oif war. I chargi'e it here and now. It is, it Ican be understood only as a de clh -"tion of' war ; a declaration of' warj[ by the Federal Govern meint uon ~the States anid the State gloverii nmen ts ;a declar:at ion of ar by the flepulican party,. the minions of' thle F'ederal power, im the inter'iests of' that pai'ty, against the peop.!e of the several State ! Thait it is a revolutionary and warlnike me:asure, is too plain fir deil. G;ent lemnen may explain it palliateC it. and apologize for it ts they will, as they hauve done. it proisO1ionls can not be m'isunder tood. Thle pret?nee of crime, miu rder. pillage, outrage in locah. tes, will not do. These are mat ters withuin the jurisdiction of thme Sttes. [To pun ish these, to sup n)ress these, to dispose of' those eri ons whlo commit these out thority, belonging to the States befbre the Union was formed, and never surrendered to the Federal Government. Gentlemen pretend that the power is to be found or' implied in the fa"ct that the citi Zen has rihts, imintinities and privileges, under the Constitiutim of the United States. If these rights, privileges and immunities are interfered with, or infringed upon, Congress may provide re dre!s. By what authority, by what law warrant are the States to be deprived of this jurisdiction ? Un. der what Federal charter can the jurisdiction of the States in cases of assault and battery, and the whole body of crimes, be taken from them ? The States them selves have never abandoned, stir rendered or granted it away. Un der this pretence the States of this Union a-C to be abolished, their most sacred rights and ju risdiction to protect the life, lib erty and property of their citizens are to be taken away. It is mon etrous! It is absolutely atrocious ! I repeat it, sir, it is absolutely a declaration of war, and nothing else can be made of it. -The President of the United States is authorized to take such measures as he may deem necessary by the emloyment of the militia and the land and the naval forces.' Ile may 'declare martial law.' Mar tial law ! What is it? Gentlemen tell us there has been a great deal of cheap rhetoric spent on this term 'martial law.' It is a misno mer, sir. There is no such thing as martial law. Martial laW is no law. It is martial power; it is war; it is the war power. It is the will of him who happens at the moment te be in command. It silences law and speaks because of its silence. It drives away the c.vil law. They cannot exist to gether. The one excludes the other and takes its piace. It is force; it is physical torce ; it is the flirce of arms; it is war. It pleads necessity and inangura'es despotism. Its mildest rule is ty ranny. Disguise it as you will, the P'resident is authorized by this bill to declare war. Ot what avail is the habeas corpus in the presence of martial law-or martal power? There is no civil law and no civil administration. Are we, sir, to trust this great power in the haid.- of one man ? Some gentle man has said that God never made a man in whose hands we coUld trust this power. Sir,if Geni. Grant were the greatest man in the I nited States, and,] I do riot think he is ; if lie were the wisest and best man in the Unit edState., and I do not think he is; if lie were the purest patriot inl tile world, and I do not t hink he is; if he were as pure in heart, as j:"st in feeling, as magnanimous in miidn, as for!givin!g in sipirit. a!: the gentilemani fromi Indiana1, (Mr-. Shanks,) or the gentlemnan fr-om .\assaebhusetts, (Mr. But letr,) and I cei-tainly thiink lie is I would not, trutst him with that power. Sir, it is of some inter-est for us to know in whose Lands power is pac-ed ; hut the poweCr prtop)osed by- this [bill should, in my judg ment. never he conferred upon any one. Mi-. Speaker-, the quiet and order of the peopile of the Souther-n States sitnce the war ended1 is the wonder of the wor-ld. Iistory fur-nishes no paralleL They have coisented and submit ted to all that has been required of them by the conqueror, even to be ruled in some of the States by their fo,rmner slaves. They have done all this iu the vain expecta tiun that they wvould1 be met in the same spitit of for-bearance. They hatve not been so met. and to this faict I attribute most .of troubles that now exist. The remedy, in my judgment, is am nesty ; full, fi-ee, universal amnes ty. Let the people of the States alone, let thenm settle down in quiet and peace, and al will be well. There will be no more out rages, nio mor-e Ku Klux Klan, no more disregard of law. T1hen will peace and orderct again ireign in that beautiful couintr-y." The Governor of Massachusetts went down to take a look into the Ioosae Tunnel the oilier day, and a venerabie far-mer, if we may credit the Boston Transcript, ad - dressed him thus: "I have lived hereabouts, off and on. a bout, for-ty year. and1 myi opinjioni is, tha:t of I was the C'otun.aiiwealt bi df M4assa rhue:ts. and I hadn''t gone into't. I woud'tt go inito't. 8:tt of I hadl one iint(i't and,c gat cs fui- e8 vou Iier, my opini m is that I dan'tno what I should do about it !" Up to this time, the Govern meint tr-oops have been the hea est losers in the battles around Patis, but have been gainer-s in position, and Thiers declares this t be the policy, so that an ove whelming force may be concen trated, arid to give the insurgents time to reflect. Mi-s. Luce, of Lexington. Illi nois, wears mourning because Mir. Luce filled the kerosene lamp Associations and Improve ments. AN ADrEss D)EIIVEtED BY DR. it. S. wHALEY. EFORE THE STATE DENTAL AssOCIATION, IN CHARLES TON. TUESDAY APRIL 11, 1871. GENTLEIEN: The principles of Associations ire so obvious as to need but little commenia or expla nation. History prores conclu S'Vely the power of edimbination-a. In no previous age have :isso-ia tions progressed so rapidly and taken so deep a hold upon the pub lie mind. Men have learned what wonders can be accomplished in certain c:ses of union, :iid seem to think that union is competent to anVtlin-. You Can scarcelV name anl object for whieb some institti Lion has iot been formed. Would men spread one set of opinions and crush ainotler? They make a Society. Would they improve the peiial code or relieve poor de)tors ? They make Societies. Wond thoy eneourage agriculture or mann flictures or science ? They make Societies. We have niner ons institutions sprealig over the rountrV combining hosts ilr par tieu lar purposes. We have minite ramifications of these Societies penictrating everywhere, and con ver4ring resources from the domes tic, the laborer, and even the child, to the central trenoury. Assoei:a ions. unity and harmo ny have s er proved a most for niialile bIIlwark to civil and reli -gioii liberty a.; well as developed improvement in the scientifi and intellectual world.rai-sing.jocieties from heathenish darkness it. tIe broa.d open suiligt of progressive developml ent. If the imterest and dignity of a pr d .(ion, and its standard of ex cellence is to be Clevatcd, it is most important that a launa 'lem k tion be en-coura-Led among its mem bers to im.eite them to an ea'nest. it.quiry and a progressive individ. nal energy. These are the ele ients of1iimproveient adI siccess. A cordial cultivation of the higher power.-; of the mind, and the no bler impulses of the heart, through an intimate acquaitance and friendship of the members of our profession one with another, as is the binding of associations, is the surest method of opening the way to dignity and manhood. The first step toward such a movement, the mere desire to in cite in such :n enterprise, is of it self the exerc-i;e of an energy in the direction ,of that noble endow inent of the hart which does not only make us better iembers of our profesion. but better citizens and more usef-l members of socie tv. Prof-si4on; are not male, they row. They may lie character ized al creatures of cireumstane's and condxit ions, and requiire nuti tin of subhstantiail cbaracter to se cure their developmenmt just as much as the growth of a vital or gani"m would. As with other prfsin so with ours. There must bie and las been a progressive execisei5 of he elements of growth and devel opment, in order to establish an energetic anrd hopeful status. Buit a year- a..o we assembled together-but a handfull in num ber-:and fo,rmedI this association. Although we'did not at the time, and do not yet, number all in the State, yet we ha:ve made an ad vance and laid! thle germ from which a regular growth will rise nd grow that eventually will em brace the entire profession. This combination or association combines ahniost every element of' imrdvement, in ci~u Iea t in g and Leachimg a higch-toned sociail code s wvell a' ain hionorale amb litionu hat will prompllt members of the Dental profession to render them slves well acquainted with and to become skilful in their profession &l pursuits. This organiz:btion w a s not promptedl by any sinister motives. It was not fohrced into existenice b a few narrow mindedI inidivid mls. It was not set on foot fomr elfishi purposes or individual pre erment. There were no drmeams >f future gr-eatness being thrustj pon any one 'v'ho was~ not corne :ent to bear such dhist inction or villing to reCeive it. It was the esulIt, allow mue gentI lmen to r'e nark heire, of a genierous out burst f thme progzressiveC eniesi' of a n-o fession which was big with t he &irit and eniterprise otf the age. t.nd the vitality which character-I zes it yet, is the best evidence that t was biGrn to live. This social anid sr-ientitic comn at will soon embrace the best. alent in the Dental p'rofessionl to )e found in this State. W rh the talent and the energy liat will b-e thrown into the en erprise, we filly exp)et not onily .hat the State Dental Society will ~rove to be a success. but that it vilI b2 a triu mhant vindlicationi f all that has ever beeni said about he benefits and results accruing ~rom the formation of combina-. Reduction of the Taxes. The action of the Senate, on Wednesday, in adopting Senator Sherman's resolution d:rceting the 1 Finance Committee during the L recess to inquire into and readjust . the present system of taxation, is regarded as an indication that we are to have a large reduction of 2 taxes at the next session of Con- 1 gress. There are those who be- 1 lieve that the result of the com mittee's htbors, proviJed they areji prosecuted without allowing See- I retarv Boutwell to intertere, wili: be a bili which will ct down taxes to the extent of $75,000,000 per : annum. Some think we can at- I f.n d to dis;ense with S100,000.000. The most moderate expect a i-c duction. of a-t least $50,000,o0. There is reason to believe that the system of internal taxation will be attacked most vigcrously, t and that the reilnetions will b d:tke mainly in that qurter. The canmitvte will[ not begin its work unil ainter the fall electioas. 01 the esFect uipon Wall street spee nlations. the New YoI k Herald, I Thu-sday. .say. : '-The first eftc-ts of the resolti tion introduced by Senator Sher man, proposing a repeal of all taxes save those necessary for the stipport of the Government, were witnessed in Wal street, yester- I day where the spcecuiatve sen timent was rendered buovant in aiticipationl of the sweeping abo lition of all the petty annoyances which the iiternal revenne sys tem impose:s npoin tli business of the street. The removal of taxes o: capital, on deposits, on inter eIS, 0 cOn pns, on stock cer- 1 tiilates, on salts and on all the f -at ions items of Wall street trans actions, will go a great way to ward making the wheels of legiti mate and spet-ulative business lide smorothly in that busy mart. The inpor!ant point, however, is ihe vast stimuls which the change wll impart to trad - in meneral. The hundred millions r ken year ly from t lie protits of t he people n1W will. when left itli them, produce at least $10.000:000 an nually, and expand their capacity for producing more and more, un til in ten years the national debt will be only a small fraction of the real wealth of the country." Why the Negro was Crated Black. That tae negro was created for the climate of Africa, the whole structure of his body unites to prove. First, as a protection to the brain against the direct rays of the sun, his hair is made to grow short and cur!, and he is fur iished with a skull of enormous thickness. In no other being do we see the wisdom of the Creator more clearly exhibited than in the construction of thle A fric-an. The soles of his feet arec overlaid withI a thick layver of fat-a bad con dluctor- of heat-thereby- enabiing~ him to walk alt his case over the burning s andls, and for'ming for him a far better pr-otection thjn any contrivance the art of mani could devise. A nd, now, y-ou m:ay :sk why did God make the Afri can blac;k? 1 answer, in order that he may !'e sble to keep cool in that torrid cinmate. A black ' suirface will ra ha4te or part with heat mor-e rapidly than a white one-anx experiment that any one may try. TaLke two vessels that are, in every r-espect, the same two te:a pots, for instance ;let one ofthem lhe coverecd over with lamp- 1 black ; then fill them bothl with l boiling water- ; and you finid that the black one will be cold much soonrii t han the white one. I be lieve all scientific men agree that, since the creation of main, a large tract of land', strzet clinrg onut from I Al rica to New 11 ollanid, has been siumerged, andl is now covered by the Inud ian Ocean. Th is would readily accounit for the negro be- r ig an inhablitanit of tha't county. I anid such a ch:mge must have mod ified the climate of Australia. 1 haxve nxo donbi that, in past ages., the dlifferenit rnees (f mlen must have been morec numierous thaut at t he p)resentI. Thojse great revolu tions lhat raLised the AlIps f rom I the lbed of thle oceaxn-w hich ansh mxerged w hole con tinent s, whli| brouinh . 4)1hers inito existecec must have swept arway whole racest of u:mn, while ot hers were lost sight ot, like the t.-n tribes of : Israel, thIirough amal:i ganiation.I think it is plain th t the African .1 was a distiinet r:uee from the he gininiig. and t hat the onily reaison fo)r formingi him as he is was, .sin. lply, that al the earth might bieI inhlabited.-New YGrk Jorld. STRANGE WYORDs FRO.M A STRANGE QUARER.-In the coutrse of an article deprecatinig with much : ear-nestness the plropiosed m1easui-es now before Congress, for the sup- r u)ression of the so-called Ku Klux o>utrages at the South, die Br,ston. Adr-ertiser, the leading Radica! I olruan of .Massachtusetts, declares a that: r The Sonth must hn recontrnct- '0 di, if at all. by its natural leadeo -the men of brains, ehard-tef *t nfluence-most ofwrom,ofeourse, vere in the late war. This is ,sound policy. This opinion is heid y hundreds of unprejudiced peo de-old armv officers and citizeu-r -who have lived and ownedpfn-: ations in the So,uh, or have trav le4I therc. The present state o' hings is very bad. We have beeni rying to create an unnaturnl tate of affairs, and the result s a fiilure, so long as the onig rtciligent men are disfranchised, ,nd the i,norant and vicious art erinitted to control iatters. AIA ecounts atree that the hofiliiv s not felt toward the National xorernmient, but toward certaiu 'buoxiois black and white people. CoW, it is certainly too much to Xpect a very active public senti nent against the Ku Klux. if tra hing better is promiSed than the ,rotesque traveties of govern nents which we have seen'in Tani >f these States. Let us try a new -emedy, and give brains, and char eter, and decency a chance. 'irst of a'!. let us stop t his wretch. d Con-resiozal fholirig ' with rreat communities as if they were >abes or idiots. By attemplhg fr ulject whoIe States to the cri rol of ignorant bhcks and white4, V1ho are b,oth ignorant and vicious. ve invite the very outrages of vhich we complain. The country s sick of LhC whole thing6l. T. houghts for Talkeft. There are proper times for (aff ng,as well as pioper themes for t. Men shou'd take card not to -ilk much whenu their months are -1!,or when thtir heads are empty. n the formercase, t ney Mauseate; n the lattor one, they bore. - Un ess a man has something sensible 0 say, he certainly tad better be -ontented without saying it. A ood listener is as hard to find as good talker, and ret the knack I listeuing is eitsV of g(fitinthtfib f one only cai contrive to look M hough one listeln, one may often ,-Ot the credit of doing so. When a company of talkeis ae hundering away. their thunde >ught to be attended by a bril:;in4 lash of silence on the part of softd ;ood listeners. Conversation. Wfeti 0l talk is noise, is not conversat ion. W hen ladies talk togetheff heir -tonizies move all at ofre', Lnd-no one ever stops to lIstef. Phis is why, among tIrenseIte?; adies t::k such utter nonsense' 3ut ladies can talk sense wheni hev have men of sense to talk to or ilen tney take th tronib6e to aysomet hing worth[ a,rsWering. f every onle kes talkini, no ody t.akes hed Us what nrrybody ays, and nobody is, tierefore,any viser for their saying it. Remember when you talk. thiti -ry often, listening pleases 6ff(,6 han talking. By listening to a nan, ycu pay him a great comn >limuent, for you de-li eatef in,dir -ate that whnat l:> says is worh' our hearing. MIoreover, though, ii listening :yumy hear un >deasaint t hi:rs, the occupatiod~ >ft en saves you f'romi the ebance of *:ying theum. In short thoug~h P6 nayI seem anomalous to site it; tfto f the greatest char-ms of talkin;g s to hold one's tongue wvell. Thse nan who holds his tongnO ifz ourse of coniversation will oftetr ~ive more pleasufre than the mn? ho merely uses it. BoArnmNox Aaovrsn. A iiKn'm assing up Pleasant street late aturdaiy evening saw sordie one saninig atgainst the door of' tie' haptist Church. and on looking tore close-lv observed that he was : the act of taking a dir-ik frota E otle. On seeing thme man up ro:ach, aind probably thlinkinmg unim, h>e a pa:trolmlan, the fenow Ceel ai-ound, and taking ho!d of le dlofr handle said: --S'o!h right s'r : hnrid here. s'. nd allus take-r drink 'fore' I go abed. TI.c r:an (-nl!<d i a nti to~ he faict that the building on hieb-i he leaned for support was a apist Churchb, and suggested ht lhe had be-t go home biefort e b;ottle had him in the gatter: :ereupon tipsy corked his bot l and said, dli-con radnaly 5 '-This therm third timetbeen mir' aken, 'an e-f I find mauny muore aiptis mneetin' haouises that' 'ocxk k e m yV boar-din'rpinee, jiot f he *tn' old4 out. Glad you ain't p'lceematn. r"- H'orcester Spy... WarrTf. AND BLACK ]EU-KLUrr -Does Congress (asks the Net ~ork He-ra&i) propose to discrimni ate between wite-s and blacks in :s treatment of the Ku-Kui uestion ? From rec-ent develop ents it appears that the most :rocious of thbese gangs are con: osed of negroes. andyet Congre. ~es to be only legislating 'wi: h gard to the white branch o0 1 t: r4er Giv Sambo a chance..