University of South Carolina Libraries
Vol. VI. WEDNESDAY MORNING, JUNE 22, 1870. No. 25. THE.HERALD IS PUB.ISHED EVERY WEDNESDAY MOR'SING, At Newberry C. U., By Thos. F. & R. H. Greneker, Editors and Proprietors. zBRMS $$ FE EA Invariably in Advance. C7 T. paper is stopped at the expiration of ime for which it is paid. 7 The / mark denote; expiration of sub criptiou. POPPING THE QUEBTION, ""Why don't yon get married ?" said a bouncing girl, with a laugh ing eye, to a smooth-faced inno cent looking youth. "Well, 1"-said the youth, stop ping short with a gasp, and fixing his eyes on vacancy with a puzzled .and foolish expression. "Well, go on," said the fair cross.questioner, inclining, almost imperceptibly, nea.rer to the young man. "Now tell me right out you what?" "Why, I-pshaw, I don't know." "You do know, I say you do ; -now come, John, I want to know." "0, 1 can't tell you." "I say you can. Why, you know I'll never mention it; and you may tell me, of course, you know, for haven't I always been your friend ?" "Well, you have, I know," re 11lied the poor beleagured youth. aAnd I'm sure I always thought you liked me." went on the maid en, in tender and mellow accents. "O, 1 do, upon my word ; yes i.ndeed I do, Maria," said the un sophisticated youti, very warmly; an~d he found that Maria had un consciously placed her hand in his open palm. Then there was silence. "And then-well?" whispered Maria, dropping her eyes on the' ground. "Eh ? 0, well !" said John, -dropping his eyes, and Maria's hand at the same time. "I'm pretty sure you love some 'body. In fact," said Maria, as suming a tone of raillery, "I know you are in love; and John, why .don't you tell me all about it at -once ?" "Well, I-" "Well 1-0! you silly mortal, :what is there to be afraid of?" "0! it ain't because I am afraid -of-anything at all ; and I'll-well ow, Maria. I'll tell you." "Well, now, John." '1-" '"Yes." '"-I am in love ! Now don't tell; you won't will you ?" said John, violently seizing Maria by ,he handi, and looking in her face w-ith the miost imploring expres "W'hv, of course you know, John, ~A never breathe a word about it ; you know I won't, don't you, Jokn .?" This was spoke in a low whis per, and the cherry lips of' Maria were so,near Johla-ear when he turned to look at he~r, there might :bave occurred a dangeroni colii flon. "Well, Maria," said John, "I've -told you now, and 'so you shall know all about it. I have always thought a great deal of you, and-" "Yes, Johin." "I am sure yoiu would do any thiing for me you could-" "Yes, John, you knowr i would." [Wl thought so., and you ontknow how I've wanted to 'talk to vou about it." "I declare. John, I-you might have tol(l meC lang since. if' you wanted to ;f'orn I never was angryI with y-ou in my life." 'I know y-ou wasn't. and I have often felt a great mind to, but-" "it is not too late now, you know, JTohn." "Well now, Mar'ia, do you think I am too young to get married?" "Indeed I (10 not. John ;and I know it would be a good thing for you, too, for everybody says the sooner young people get married the better, when they are pri. dent. andl inclined to love one an other." "'That's just what I think ; and .now, Maria, 1 do think I want to get married, and you will-" '"Indeed I will, John. for you know I was always partial to you, and I've often said so behind your back.' "Weil. I dleclare, I have all along thought' von would object, and ehiat is the reason I have been afraid to ask yon." "Object ! I'll die first ; so you may ask of me anything you p lease." "And you'll grant it?" ''I will.'' "'Then I want you to pop the question for me to Inte $ulli van-" "What!" "Eh !" "Do you love Kate Sullivan ?" "Indeed I. do, with all my heart," "I always thought you were a "Eh !" "I say you are a fool, and you had better go home. Your mo ther wants you-you-stupid!" exclaimed the mortified Maria, in a shrill treble ; and she gave poor John such a slap in the face that sent him reeling. En happy Maria-the course of tr'ue love never rues smooth. Sixteen million bottles of champagne were pr-oduced in France last year, of which more than three-fourths were ex ported. .in Indianapolis paper tells of a man who reproves his w:fe with an axe-bar, Alexander H. Stephens. THE SECOND VOLUME OF THE "WAR BETWEEN TILE STATES"-SOUTII ERN SIDE OF TIE CONTROVERSY. The advance sheets of the sec ond volume of Mr. Stephens' im portant work have been read by the editor of the Augusta Consti tutionalist. The following extracts from that paper show the scope of this remarkable contribution to the history of the war: The initial colloquy is taken up: with a distinction as to our form of government. The federative principle is held to be a discovery in political science. We are a confederated nation-a nation of nations, in which the power of sovereignty is divisible, but not the sovereignty itself. The nar rative then proceeds to the causes of conflict arising from misinter pretation of the governmental principle enunciated. The pas sage of Personal Liberty Bills by several of the Northern States, preventive of the rendition of fugitives from service, is shown to have been violative of the Federal compact ; since without ample pledges on the part of the North, there never would have been any Union. T h e agitation arising fi-om this breach of contract. bad as it was, became intensified by the declaration of Salmon P. Chase that the Northern States would never repeal their acts. I[ence the secession of the South was principally brought about by the perfidy of the North, and her de clared determination to continue in perfidy. Mr. Stephens com pletely exonerates the South from inauguration of the war. The first gun at Sumter was not the overt act; since the aggressor in war is not the first who uses force, but the first who renders force ne cessary. It is clearly shown, too, that the South exhausted every known means of preventing strife, but was met at every turn by the matchless duplicity and dishonesty of William I. Seward. The his tory of the formation of the Con federate Government is el borato ir drawn. Jefferson Davis was looked upon by all as an eminently conservative man. Toombs was to have been chosen President, but failed through a singular mis apprehension on the part of repre sentatives of other States who had understood that he refused to have his name put forward. There was some misunderstanding like wise concerning [owell Cobb be ing the choice of Georgia. By accidental complications Mississip pi had the first choice, .and chose Jefferson Davis. leaving Georgia the second, which resulted in the Vice-Presidency of Mr. Stephens. The Montgomery Constitution is a monument of the wisdom, fore cast and statesmnanship of its fr-a mers, and an cverlasting refutation of the charges bi-ought against the South of dlioyalty to the fed erative piiple. Coercion was unconstitutional and only defended on the plea of necessity-the plea of the tyrant in all ages of the world. A Convention of the States called by C'ongress would have prevented wvar and restored the Union ; or, in case the South re fused to go into such a Convention, the North would have had a bettei cause for battle. it is a misnomer to call the war a "r-ebellion" or a "ivil wvar." It was a "war be tween the States." One of tho most remarkable and vigorous portions of Mr. Stephens' book is his statement of the treatment of prisoners of war b'y both belhige rents. The cruelty and torture charged upon the South is fixed upon Stanton and the Washington authorities, andI upon them and their policy will for-ever rest the blood and the suffering of the brave on either side. IThe r-esponsibility for the failure to advance after the battle of Manassas is referred to President Davis. Mr. Stephens affirms that there never was any personal feud between him and Mr. Davis, though they differed widely on many questions of public policy. Mr. Davis is alluded to throughout in the kindest manner, and warmly defended agamnst the aspersions of his enemies at home and abroad. Mr. Stephens believed that diplo macy could honorably stop the war in 1863. He proposed a mis sion to Washington for that pur pose, when the military status was most favorable to both par ties. Mr. Davis did not concur until too late, until, in fact, the military status had rendered such a course impossible. Lee's inva sion of the North was a great blunder politically and in a mili tary sense. but chargeable, in the main, to the Rihbmond Cabinet. Gettysourg and Vieksburg turned the tide in favor of the North. But the vital blow struck at South ern success was in' the mistaken policy of finance and conscription, the latter especially. The people's was as unconstitutional as unne cessary. The people were willing to fight for liberty, but were not willing to be compelled to do so. If compulsion had been necessary, the war ought to have been aban doned ; for no people are worthy of liberty, or capable of preserving it, who have to be driven into battle. Even in the early part of 185 Mr. Stephens had hopes, in case the policy of the administra tion changed. It did not change, and so conscription, impressment, the suspension of Habeas Corpus, and prodigal waste of lives and property, were the causes of South ern despair and defeat. Much light is thrown upon the i a m p t o n Roads Conference. There seems to be little doubt that a scheme was concocted to termi nate the war by a diversion of the question to another channel and a joint movement of both armies against the French in Mexico. To have been successful the prelimi naries to a military convention demanded the utmost secrecy. Mr. Stephens proposed that Mr. Davis should meet Mr. Lincoln. He refused and suggested three commissioners. Mr. Stephens ad vised that three able men should be appointed whose absence would not be detected or observed. Mr. Davis, however, insisted upon ap pointing just the very trio whose absence from Richmond would have been remarked at once. In consequence. the matter became a common public rumor, and the whole business was thus defeated from the start. Nobody was more disappointed at this result than Mr. Davis, who sub.sequently seemed to lose his good judgment, but never his ardent devotion to liberty. Mr. Stephens descants upon the future destiny of the United States. He holds that the South is powerless at this time to shape or control events. The ju diciary department, though sadly brow-beaten, may still be a bul wark of liberty. So far, however, the cause lost at Appomattox was not the Federal, principle, but the maintenance of that principle by arms. The point reached by the Centralists is an attempt by duress to induce certain States, as sove rvig" .S too, to conforr. to their action under the semblance of voluntary consent. The battle is still to be fought, in the forum of reason, on the validity o; invalidi ty of their acts. To the last Mr. Stephens lingers wistfully over his beloved South and her cause. He declares that we are not a "conquered people;" at all events, that assumption has never been formally avowed at Washington. Ie conjures his countrymen to avoid accepting responsibility for the acts of tyrants. It should never be said that the South is the author of her own degradation. Some day or other the upr-ising Northern masses may rally to the cry that the "Cause of the South is the causo of us all." But if there is no re-action and no rally. ing the condition of the South will soon be that of the North. The loss of Southern liberty will only antedate by a fewv years the do struction of Northern freedom. The judgment of p)osterity will not in any event brand us as "ri bels and traitors," but rather as self-sacrificing patriots, and our heroes and martyrs will take their places in history by the side of Waehi ngton, IIampden and Syd ney. Centralism and empire may come,, but the South will be ac quitted-of crime, for even central ism and empire will be her justifi cation in the last struggle for con stitutional liberty. Immigration and Direct Trade. As an evidence of awakening interest in the direction of white immigration to this State, we print the following letter recently re eived by William MI. Lawton, Esq., of this city : No. 194 DUKE STREET, GLAscow, 24TH MIAY, 1870. To the Hon. Seretary of the Immi gration Committee, Charleston, S. C., United States : S1R-I see by the "Anglo-Ameri can Times" that you are arranging Ito make offers of land at cheap rates to emigrants. Please fur nish me with full particulars and maps of the lands you have for sale. We want good tillage and pasture lands at a cheap price in healthy districts. Yours truly, (Signed) CrIARLES SCRI.MGEOUR. Upon his return to Charleston Mr. Lawton addressed the follow ing letter to the chairman of the State Committee on Immigration: CHAntEsToN, June 10, 1870. To Colonel William L. Trenlholm, Chairman of the Committee on Immigration, appointed under a resolution adopted by the latd Ag. ricutusral and immigration Con vention of South Corolina : DEAR SIR-On my return to the city yssterday, after a short ab sence in the country, I found the ~ncose lette from Mr. CharleE Scrimgeour, of Glasgow, received by mail. As it intimates a desire of par ties in Scotland to emigrate to and find homes in this State, appropri ately, it appears to me, a reply is for the action of your committee. Such communications eminently interest and deserve the clue con sideration of our people throughout the State; and I .deem it proper to bring the subject publicly to their notice, and solicit the press to publish the letter, and at the same time to solicit from the County Agricultural and Immi grant Associations the necessary answers about lands for sale, loca tion, price, &c., for information of your important Committee. I also enclose somo hints regard ing the reception and disposition of immigrants, which I found in a Northern paper; they may prove useful to the Immigrant Commit tee when the work is fully com menced, as I do flatter myself we can turn some portion of the tide of immigrants, ere long, this way. With the aid of the proposed line of steamships to Charleston, all difficulty would be obviated. Yours very truly, W. M. LAWTON. [Charleston .ces. At the Bottom of the Sea. THRILLING ADVENTURES OF A DIVER WHO VISITED TIE ONEIDA. On the 24th day of February the "borrowed" steamship Aroos took, with Charles and J. S. Lou gee, practical and experienced divers from Sadl Francisco, went to where the Oneida lies in 123 feet of water. After the usual preparations had been concluded, and, by sounding, it had been as certained that the deck of the Oneida was 103 feet beneath the surface of the bay, after every cau tion had been given to eight strong sailors to keep the. air pump constantly in motion, and allow not an instant of time of stoppage to occur, as thereby de pended the life of the bold diver; after Charley Lougec had been helmeted and shut from the air, except that supplied through the sienacr eLULI or conia ruuc -, wUn a life-line around his body and leaden clogs to his feet; with "good-bye" and "God bless you" from all aboard, lie was dropped over the side and slowly disap peared in the bluo waves, while a nervous tremor shot through our frame as we realized the fearful risk undertaken by that man who was seeking for truth in over one hundred feet of water. Away to the leeward, borne by tide and wind, came floating bub bles to the surface-life signals from below. The men at the pump were laboring manfully, but becoming fatigued, attempted to change for fresh hands, and there was a stop. "Great God ! y ou will murder my brother ! Quick! for Heaven's sake, quick !" And as the men rccommecnced the rev olutions of the air-pump, the elder Lougee , with blanched face and trembling lip, gave a signal on the life-line below. For an instant there came no response, and thc face of that brother scemed to turn to marble ; but then wve saw two quick motions from the sub marine station, and knew it was the kelcomne signal of "all right,' and then Lougee turned to the men at the wheel, who came so near sending both below, and sim ply said: "My only brother's life depends upon your efforts in keep. ing that pump in motion-stop again at your peril!" The calm face and passionate eye told these men not to stop again, and with Lictanant Tanncr close by, the y kept at work until stopped by or ders from Lougee. Meantime, when we were on the deck of that "sand-pan," count ing the tedious moments whlich lngthened to half an hour, Char Icy Lougee was searching the Oneida at the tremendous depth mentioned. At last came the sig nal for "surface," and instantly the life-line was put in motion:; slowly came the coiling hemp and rubber, on deck ; and at last, away in the deep blue waves, came in sight the diver, shrouded and pan opied in weird garments. As he came to the surface, he reached Minister DeLong a sword and lac quered box, then was his helmet loosened, and our party crowded around to hear of the gallant ship. Among our party were many of the survivorsof the Oneida; among them were William Crowninsbield, Captain Clark, Master Yates, and Dr. James Juddards, who were intensely excited to learn the ti dings. Said the diver: "The water foI the first seventy feet was quite clear, as the sun gave excellent light, and although my supply of air was once checked for an in stant, I reached the deck of the ship just astern of the mizzen mast, and close by the -ness-room hatch; the tide was ebbing quite srong, and I was compelled tc knor1 to the lines from thn rigring to keep from being swept forward. 2 I first cxamified the side of the ti ship; she was cut from the mizzen tl rigging (at an angle of aboutforty tc degrees) across the whole stern of fit the ship, her timbers, far below cc the water-line, being crushed and su broken, the captain's cabin cut in two, the wheel and stearing gear. k all carried away, and, in fact, the el, whole side and end of the ship fi stove in and cut away. The ship re is heading southwest, and sits up- ti right on the bottom, and is mak- ti ing sand slowly. I laid down on ul the deck and peered over she bro- ar ken end into the cabin, but did hr not dare trust my air-line in. con- pE tact with the jagged timbers. The guns and armament, except one, is are all in place aft ; but I did not C: go forward, as I was afraid of en- g tanglement in the rigging." Turn- !o inn to Crowninshield, he said: b3 "four evidence, which I read, de- m scribed almost exactly the injury, cc except that she was cut deeper than you could have known."- lh: Lougee expressed the belief that at it will be impracticable to raise i the ship, but that the splendid it; battery, personal effects, &c., can ca be saved if the government sees e. proper. By this survey the testimony of the living is verified, and the .memory of the dead without a stain, for the position of the ship TI as found, and the positions of both the Oneida and Bombay, as testi fied to by the navigation officers, show that it was impossible for the captain of the Bombay to have ever seen the red light of the Pi Oneida, and that the order of ti, "port your helm," by Captain G 'Eyre, was wrong, and the "star- fe board, hard a-starboard" of Mas ter Yates was right.--orrespon- t dence Sacramento Bee. w -.-. al Trial Justices. te THEIR APPOINTMENTS UNCONSTITU TIONAL. .r -- re AN IMPORTANT DEcISION. ti: m The following decision has been m made by his Honor Judge Green: di TIIE STATE EX P.EL. HUDSON Vs. it An application for prohibition i was made in the case to restrain the Sheriff from executing a judg ment rendered against the relator for the sum of cighty-thice dol lars. The application was based up on the ground that the act of As sembliy authorizing the appoint- h ment of magistrates with jurisdic tion, such as is given by that act, & is in violation of the constitution b of this State. It was contended d at the argument that the act re ferred to was violative of divers ' provisions of the constitcition ; but L from the views which I have ta ken, it will only be necessary to advert to a single one. The first section of article 4th d pirovides ; "The judicial power of t tis State shall be vested in a Su- t preme Court; in two Circuit Courts, to-wit: a Court of Coin- I mon Pleas having civil jurisdiction n and a Court of General Sessions with criminal juirisdiction only ; inlb Probate Courts; and in Justiccs of the Peace. The General Assem- ti bly may also establish such muni cipal and other inferior courts ast may be deemed necessary." The twenty-fir-st section of the same h article declares that "a competent number of Justices of the Peace shall be chosen in each county, by a the qualified electors thereof; in such manner as the General As-f sembly may direct. They shall hold their offices for a ternm off two years, and until their succes sors are elected and qualified.-- k They shall reside," &c., "and be commissioned by the Governor." The twenty-second section of ' article 4th defines the jurisdiction t of Justices: "Justices of the Peace, t individually, or two or more of them, jointly, as the General A- . sembly may direct, have original jurisdiction in cases of bastardy, and in all matters of contract and actions for the recovery of fines r' and forfeitures where the amount claimed does not exceed one hun, a dred dollars, anid such jurisdictionn as may be poiebylaw in ac- t tions ex delicto where th~e damages claimed do not exceed one hun dred dollars, and prosecutions for ai assault," and so forth. ai Thus, by the constitution, the ti jurisdiction of Justices of the Iai Peace is defined, the source from tI whence .they shall receive their Itr power is.pointed out, and the ten- tl ur'e of their office is declared. et If we recur to the legislative p act in question, it will be found 1jL that the jurisdiction conferred up- b< on the Magistrates is precisely e that given by the constitution to Justices of the peace, except the amount named in the act is $99 Ie instead of $100, and that the court IF established by that act is a sub'sti- p tute for that provided by the con- to stitution, The first section of the o: act expressly declares.that "until e the organization of the courtscon- ii temnplted by sections 21, 22 and i of article 4th of the constitu >n. the Governor is hereby au orized, empowered and required appoint a suitable number of; and discreet persons in each iunty to act as Magistrates of .eh county." Here, then, we have officers un )own to the constitution, not ected by the people, without a ced term of office, appointed and: moved at the will of the Execu re, administering that jurisdic >n conferred by the constitution )on Justices of the Peace who e dlected by the people, and: LVC a fixed term of office inde ndent of the Executive. Is it constitutional for the Leg ature to make this substitution? in that body so change the or Lnic law of the land ? In my >inion they cannot, and the act which the attempt has been ade is in plain violation of the nstitution. It follows that the Magistrate1 d no jurisdiction in this case, id the Sheriff and officers acting. der or by virtue of his author y are hereby restrained from .rrying the said judgment into :ecution. (Signed) Jonx T. GREEN. A Peep into the Future. IE PNEUMATIC TUBE OVER FOUR IIUNDRED MILES LONG-SEVEN TEEN SECONDS FROM LONDON TO GLASGOW. The following extract from a -ivate letter describes the opera >n of a pneumatic tube between lasgow and London. Probably w of our readers are aware of Le existence of the process by hich messages and packages are most instantaneously transmit d between these two cities. I had occasion to send a tele -am to London the other day, d in a few minutes received a ply which led me to suppose at a serious error had been com itted by my agents, involving any tbousand pounds. 1 imme ately went to the telegraph of :e and asked to see my message. he clerk said.. "WQ ca'he.0 to you, as we have sent it to ondon. "But," I replied, "you ust have my original paper here; wish to see that." IIe again Lid, "No, we have not got it; it in the post-office at London." Vhat do you mean ?" I asked. Pray, let me see the paper I left are an hour ago," "Well," said , "If you'must see it, we will at it back in a few minutes, but is now in London. He rang a 1l, and in five minutes or so pro. aced my message, rolled up in steboard. It seems that for some months 1ere has existed a pneumatic tel ~rap.h betwixt Glasgow and Lon. an and betwixt London and the ter principal cities of the kind >m, whiceo consists of' an iron ibe, into which the messages are irown and sent to their destina on. I inquired if I might see a essage sent. "Oh, yes; come md~bere." lie slipped a num er of messages into the paste >ard scroll, popped it into the ibe, andl made a signal. I rut e ar to the tube and heard a Ight rumbling noise for seven en seconds, when a bell rang be do me, indicating that th'e scroll ad arrived at the general post ice, four hundred miles off! It most took my breath away to link of it. If I could only go to oston with the same relative >ed, you might count on my assing an evening every week SNo. 124 Beacon street. and re irning home to sleep. Who nows but we may be conveyed Sthis marvelous manncr before any years. Perhaps you are a;Uare that iere has been a large 'tube be veen the General Post-office in ondon and the station in lEus ce square in operation for a umber of years. The mail bags r the north are all sent by this myeyance, so that the postofBiee ~ceives letters up to a few min es before the train leaves, tjiree les off. The transit takes less ~an two seconds ! Surely this is 2 age of wvonders. Theatres and other places of usement through the country ye blosing for the summer vaca on, and managers and performers -e wvending their way, some to i seaside, some to country re eats, and many to New York, le head centre of amuosments, to msult and exchange notes on the rospects of the next season, whieb, .dging from the preparations ing made, bids fair to be more ian usually attractive, A Florida editor commences a ader thus : "If the distinguished reh doctor who invented the 1 that will cure lying.would es iblish an agency in this eountry send a few gross to some apothe Lry, we would,. as poor as we are, vest a little in the doctor's med The Southern Staple. From the time when so good a Farmer as George Washington had t hundred cows in his yards, and cet bought butter for his table, ,he South has been a standing il fustration of a system that seems o bring wealth, but in fact leads to penury. Ten years ago, she went to war, trusting mainly to the fact Lhat she could do one thingtoper rection---grow clean, long staple upland cotton at a cost of less than Len cents a pound. She had not then learned that national strength lepends on doing many things well; she is not in a way to master :hat lesson now, though it has :een enforced with the gloomy ?hetoric of the cannon. She has fet to learn the omnipotence of soncerted action and diversified ndustry. For instance, the last lecade has proved conclusively hat England will put no limit on the price she is willing to pay for certain amount of good Ameri -an upland. Her spindles and ooms are all fitted for just such -otton as America can grow; and f she must pay a gold dollar for a pound of it. she will pay the dollar rather than dispense with the cot. ton. The scanty crops of 1867 nd 1868 reduced the supply in her factorizs so she, has been wil [ing to give twenty-five cents a pound. But the 3,000,000 bales of 1869 have gone so far to fill the void that the price has declined, md may descend to a point at which the production ofeotton by iree labor becomes unprofitable. [fin January and February the planters of the South could have met i-n convention, talked these matters over, and agreed to plant less cotton, and more of something ,se, they would have controlled the price and held it at twenty ive cents and over. As it is, the >ld infatuation of one crop, one stylo of farming, has crept back upon the Southern mind, and with it in many cases, an exaggerated estimate of the importance of the Southern staple to the welfare of the world. Instead of this bei.ng true, the cotton crop, as an ele ment of national and international strength, ceases at 2,500,000 bales. W ben ctetn-- ebe, Engi-and uses choice American for both warp and woof; now she mixes. it with the short and kinky staples of less favored climates. When cotton is cheap, it creeps as a dull adulterant into all our fabrics, it hardens the surface and chills the warmth of our woolens, it takes the gloss from our silks, it makes our linens limp in texture, it drives richer and more lasting goods out of the general market, discourag ing the wool grower, the silk worm feeder and the flax producer-de laying the introduction of ramie and of mohair as profitable Ameri can staples. All this subtle mischief a great crop of cotton works in the world, while the curse of-one-sided and exhausted tillage rests over all the cotton fields. The planter will float corn a thousand miles down Western rivers and then haul it fifty miles ovecr muddy and narrow roads, that he may cling with a closer and more ruinous devotion to his single staple. His cattle are smafl and bony. They pick a scanty living In the cane-brake, ticks worry them, mosquitoes tor ment them, and poachers kill them, so he learns to depend on Ken tucky for his beef. His hogs are wild and restless all summer, gain ing no flesh and but tle bone. IIis corn is insufficient for his plow horses, and he learns to de pend on Cincinnatti for his pork. lie needs artisans of all sorts near him--wagon-makers, tanners, shoe-makers, rope walks, plow makers and cotton-weavers. But these persons find that, while wages are a little high er, food is a good deal dearer; that the roads are narrow, and dusty wvhen not muddy; that the streams keep all whoare not well moun ted weather bound for a day af ter every rain; that the undrained swamps breed myriads of mosquitoes; and that where the lands arc rich they abound in malaria. Arguments like these mtt continue- to drive the mechanic from the cotton States,ecertainly; while in addition, he is made to feel that neither .ames Watts, nor George Stephen son, nor Robert Fulton, if landless, would be as much honored as the wild owvner of a thousand acres. We are aware that the South has suftered from the struggle and, starvation of a long war. We ad mit that the proclamation and the surrender destroyed a vast amount which, by the constitu.tion, a-s it then read, was property. Far be it~ from us, who justly prize the thrift, the enterprise, the invention, an d the progress of the Northern character, to draw widious dis tinctions, or fan a sectional pride. But we wish to show the South how she is cheated by that insane loyalty to old, tyrannous, and now uncrowned, King Cotton. She wants bread and he gives her a stone ; she asks a fish and gets a$ ADVERTISINC-R'TE L Adveitisements inserted at the i6 St W . per square-one inch-for fitrst. ,Z 1 for eac1b subsequeat.entoo";,i . column advertisemens ten-per aboee. Notices of meetings, obitresend tit of r-spect, same rates per sqoara as ordfiae - advertisenents, Special notices in local column 2 cent per line. Advertisements not marked with the num ber of insertlons will be kept in ti forbid and charged accordingly. Special contracts made with large adver tisers, with liberaldeductious on above satse JaB PaUrzAg Done with Nestness andp pteb. Terms Cash. - but for all importan?t ends-. o national power that gold is dross<. 1 It buys nothing of that which makes nations great ..and keeps them so. It has little power to fell forests, to .drain swamps,. to bridge streams, fill school houses, and changa villages into cities, The fundamental mischief in that sunny, and for the most part fertile land, is not the negro, nor the Bureau, nor the bayonet, nor the army worm; but a political econo my false in its first principles and ruinous in its working. Tie South spends so much on factoir and shipping merchants; she keep* on the road such long trains wagons; she supports such a! army of steamboat hands ad sail ors and clerks and brokers and in" surance agents-in short, she pay& so large a share of what she earns in order to get a chance to buy what she wants, that -she muss continue to live in-log cabins 'and ride in bridle-paths. What sher most needs is a statesman,.fhr-see ing andsagacious,as ableras Calhouru was, to mark out the path~ of na tional greatness and draw her feet into it.--New York Tribune, To the Officers of teh Ribe Societies and Others Coop erating with the Ameticat Bible Society in South Carow lina. Dear Brethren. :-Perntit o !or direct ypur attention to the folTow ing important instrnetions fronv the Secretaries of the " eicars Bible Society, Bible House, stor Place, New York city: "The Committee on Distribwr tion have instructed us to state, that herafter they will expect i applications for grants o 6 sby auxiliaries, and -so. far, as pract cable all others, .to receive the endorsement of the Agent from whose State the requests are made, together with full information of the facts which enforce each case. They are especially desirons to, know the extent of destitution,. the ef forts made by applicants to help' themselves, or to pay in part for books received from our Deposi tory, or to con tributo to the'cause,. the number and c-haracter of the population to be supplied, n,w fine, all that may assure the.- e mittee of the propriety of -these requests.' Persons needing Bibles and Tes taments for Sabbath-schools,~ or~ distribut;on among alledz4rs ai,. must apply to the ogeers of the Bible Society, in the city de eoury house town or to Branch 36by Societies in the country where they reside; and if they cannot ber supplied, the officers~ will please request me to procure 'hools Cor their Society, to meet the demand,. from the American Bible So ciety. To meet the demand for the word of God in this State, the Bi~ ble Society and frien.ds of. the Bi ble cause, are carncstly requested to increase their efforts to raise funds for gratuitous work, and especially' to forward without unnecessary~ delay, all funds now in hand, or readily collected for. books or on donation aceount, to Andrew: L. Tayloia Assistant Treasurer American Bible Society. .Since the war this Society sent- to aux ilaries and other benevolent in stitutions in South Carolin, over 64,000 volumes of the Holy Scrip tures, mostly as donations for dis tribu tion among white and eoloredt persons, and every patriot andi Christian should esteem it a pleas ure and a privilege to contribute to the funds ofthis truly Christian' Bible Society. Collections from. pastors of" churches, and contributions of any amount from all -friends of the' Bible, wil.l be thankfully receivedi and duly acknowledged. Please address me at Columbia., S. C.before the close of each mnontke and it will afford mne pleasa-re- fo serve you, Yours fruly, E. A. BOLLES. Ag't A m. Bible Soc'y for' S. C'. Columbia S. C. 3fay, 1870. All papers in South. CaroHea* friendly, please-copy. Noirrn CARoi.INA MILITIA To- GC! INTO ACTIVE SERVICE.-Go~v.- lOt den has issued orders to the diffe: rent Military Divisions ot the State for the formation of a regiatefr, of State troops for active serice-,. to be made u~p of white volunteer's if they can be obtained; i~ if t,, negroos will be enlisted. Re se orders the immediate enrol?rent of the militia, with instruetion to' set apart a special numberofuioun ted men in each regiment, to be used as a reserve. C'oNGARLEE ThFLES.-At a meef, ing of this company lit evening the following gentlemen- were elected officers: B. J.iyner:, Cap. tan; W. L. Gary, Fiirst Lienten ant; Warren Feage, Second Lieu tenant; F.' i. Joyner, Brevet Second Lieutenpnt; R.. 31. Ca.n Secretary and Tr'easurer. 'The ist for membership is still open.. ECdumbia Gmuarda