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i m- Lexington Dispatch. || EXTRA ? 61| LEXINGTON. S. C. I THE NEW I ICONSTITUTiOfl the law the people ?IEST I NOW LIVE LNDKK. IB0CJMI WSLL W5BTS SEEPIS5. The Full Text of South Carolina's New Organic Law as Adopted. Following is tlie full text of the New Constitution, as tinaliy adopted by the recent South Carolina Constitutional Convention: We, the people of the State o I South Carolina, in Convention assemnled, grateful to God for our liberties, s?o ordain and establish this Constitution for the preservation and perpotuition of the same. A TNfTI-r/^T T? T f -U ^ DECLARATION OF RIGHTS. - Section 1. All political power is vested in and derived from the people *dy, therefore they have the right at all times to modify their form of gov9rnnent. fee. 2. Representation in the house of jepresentatives shall be apportioned .^.cording to population. fee. 3. The general assembly ought frequently to assemble for the redress >f ;rievances and for making new laws, is he common good may require, fee. 4. The general assembly shall i&e no law respecting an established; of religion or prohibiting the e exercise thereof, or abridging the edom of speech or of the press; or right of the people peaceably to 3mbie and to petition the governnt or any department thereof for a euress of grievances. >eo. 5. The privileges and immuniis of citizens of this State and of the [ > ,iited States under this Constitution all not be abridged, ncr shall any ' >rson be deprived of life, liberty or joperty without due process of law, ir shall any person be denied the ;4ial protection of the laws. R All nr/mnTfv cnViiApf trt tav ;ion shall be taxed in proportion to } y&lae. Sec. 7. No tax, subsidy. charge, upost tax or duties shall be estabiish|| _.i, fixed, laid or levied, under any pretext whatsoever, without the conH sent of the people or their representa fcives lawfully assembled. ssLa Sec. 8s No bill of attainder, ex ^^post facto law, law impairing the obligation of contracts, nor law granting any title of nobility or hereditary emolument, shall be passed, and no conviction shall work corruption of blood I or forfeiture 6f estate. K| Sec. 9. The right of suffrage, as re gulated in this Constitution, shall be I protected by law reguluting elections I and prohibiting, under adequate pen alties, all undue influences from powJ|| sr, bribery, tumult or improper con * Sec. 10. All elections shall be free and open, and every inhabitant of this State possessing the qnalitications nroW Wded for in this Constitution shall j H have an equal right to elect officers and be elected to till public office. Sec. 11. No property qualification, unless prescribed in this Constitution, V shall be necessary for an election to or [ the holding of any office. No person shall be elected or appointed to office I in this State for life or during good beI havior, but the terms of all officers shall be for some specified period, ex cept notaries public and officers in the | militia. After the adoption of ihis I } Constitution any person who shall fight l a duel or send or accept a challenge ? r w ; tor that purpose, or be an aider or 11 hotter in lighting a duel, shall be deK/ prived of holding any office of honor I or trust in this State, and shall be othI erwise punished as the law shall preSec. 12. Temporary absence frcni j the State shall not forfeit a residence j H once obtaiued. p Sec. 13. The power of suspending i the laws or the execution of the laws i shall only in- exercised by the general | K assembly or by its authority in par- ; fi| ticnlar cases expressly provided for : Sec. 14. In the government of this j State the legislative, executive and ! ^8 judicial powers of the government shall : ^ be forever separate and distinct from ! I omen otner, uau uv jjci?v.a ui p'ci&uuo j exercising the functions of one of said j departments shall assume or discharge the duties of any other. Sec. 15. All courts shall be public, and every person shall have speedy cemedy therein for wrongs sustained. Sec. 16. The right of the people to j be secure in their persons, houses, pa- ' pers and effects against unreasonable j searches and seizures shall not be vio- ! iated, and no warrants shall issue but upon probable cause, supported by i oath or affirmation, and particularly j (describing the place to be searched and i |the person or thing to be seized. jSec. 17. No person shall be held to s!5wer for any crime where the pun- 1 ishment exceeds a line of SI00 or imprisonment for 30 days, with or with out bard labor, unless on a presentment or indictment of a grand jury of the county where the crime shall have been committed, exceptin cases arising in the land or naval forces or in the militia when in actual service in time of war or public danger; nor shall any person be subject for the same offence to be twice put in jeopardy of life or liberty, nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself. Private property shall not be taken for private use without the consent of the owner, nor for public use without just compensation being lirct made therefor. Sec. 18. In all criminal prosecu- i J Z T-irrVit I Hons me accuseu sutui eujujr mt ; to a speedy and public trial bj au impartial jury, and to be fully informed of the nature and cause of the accusa- i tion; to be confronted with the witnesses against him, to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses iD his favor, and to be fullv heard in his ! V I defense by himself or by his counsel i or by both. Sec. 19. Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines im- [ posed, nor cruel and unusual punish- j ments inflicted, nor shall witnesses be ; unreasonably detained. Corporal pun- | ishment shall not be inflicted. The i power to punish for contempt shall not in any case extend to imprisonment in the State penitentiary. Sec. 20. All persons shall, before conviction, be bailable by sufficient sureties, except for capital offenses when the proof is evident or the presumption great. Sec. 21. Iu all indictments or prosecutions for libel, the truth of the alleged libel may be given in evidence, - - - " ?-- -A- --J uu and. tnejury snaa oe tae juugea wl cue law and the facts. See. 22. Treason against the State shall consist alone in levying war or in giviug aid and comfort to enemies against the State. No person shall be held guilty of treason, except upon testimony of at least two witnesses to the same overt act or upon confession in open court. Sec. 23. The privileges of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended unless when, in case of insurrection, rebellion or invasion, the public safety may require it. Sec. 2i. No person shall be imprisoned for debt except in eases of fraud. Sec. 2-5. The right of trial by jury shall be preserved inviolate. Sec. 26. A well regulated militia being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed. As in times of peace armies are dangerous to liberty, they shall not be maintained without the consent of the general assembly. The military power of the State shall always be held iu subordination to the civil authority axul be governed by it. No soldier shall in time of peace be quartered in any house without the consent of the owner, nor in time of war but in the manner to be prescribed by law. Sec. 27. No person shall iu any case be subject to martial law or to any pains or penalties by virtue of that law. except those employed in the army and navy of the United States, and excej)t the militia in actual service, but by the authority of the general assembly. Seo. 28. All navigable waters shall ^ ? l?i/ykrrOT*i? ^ron rorever remsm puuxie jlugunojo, to the citizens of the States and the United Slates without tax, impost or toll imposed; and no tax, toll, impost or wharfage shall be imposed, demanded or received from the owners of any merchandise or commodity for the use of the shores or any wharf erected on the shores or in or over the waters of any navigable stream unless the samebe authorized by the general assembly. Sec. 20. The provisions of the Constitution shall be taken, deemed and construed to be mandatory and prohibitory, and not merely directory, except where expressly made directory or permissory by its own terms. ARTICLE II. 3IGHT OF SUFFHAtfE. Section 1. All elections by the peo- ! pie shall be by ballot and elections j shall never be held or the ballots j counted in secret. Sec. 2. Every qualified elector i shall be eligible to any office to be rot* i ed for, unless disqualified by age as i prescribed in this Constitution. But ! no person shall hold two offices of hon- j or or profit at the same time, except | that any person holding another office ! may at the same time be an officer in j the militia and a notary public. Sec. 3. Every male citizen of this , State and of the United States 21 years I of age aud upwards, not laboring under the disabilities named in this Constitution and possessing the qualifications required by it, shall be an elector. Sec. 4. The qualifications for suf- ! frage shall be as follows: (a) Residence in the State for two years, in the county one year, in the | polling precinct in which the elector offers to vote four mouths, and the payment six months before any election of any poll tax then due and payable: provided, however, that ministers iu charge of an organized church and teachers of public schools shall be entitled to vote after six months residence in the State, if otherwise qualified. (b) Registration, which shall provide for the enrollment of every elector once in tea years and also an enrollment during each and every year of every elector not previously registered under the provisions of this article. (c) Up to January 1, 1893. ail male persons of voting age applying for registration who can read any section in this Constitution submitted to them by the registration officer, or understand and explain it when read to them by the registration officer shall be entitled to register and become electors. A separate record of all persons registered before January 1, 1898, sworu to by the registration officer shall be filed, ' one co]>y with the clerk of court and I one in the office of the secretary of i state, on or before February 1, 1898. l and such persons shall remain during | life qualified electors unless disquaiiI find by the other provisions of this article. The certificate of the clerk of ; court or secretary of state shall be | sufficient evidence to establish the ! rioht of said citizens to anv eubse I --o I queut registration and the franchise | under the limitations herein imposed. | (b) Auy person who shall apply for | registration after January 1st, 1898, if otherwise qualified, shall be registered; provided, that he can both read and write auy section of this Constitution submitted to him by the registration officer, or can show that he owns and i has paid ali taxes collectible during the previous year on property in this ^5tftte assessed at $300 or more. V(e) Managers of elections shall require of every elector offering to vot9 at any election, before allowing him to vote, proof of the payment of all taxes, including poll tax, assessed against him and collectible during the previous year. The production of a certificate or of the receipt of the officer authorized to collect such taxes shall be conclusive proof of the payment thereof. (I) The general assembly shall provide for issuing to each duly registered elector a certificate of registration and shall provide for the renewal of such certificate wlren lost, mutilated or destroyed, if the applicant is still a qualified elector under the provisions of this Constitution, or if he has been registered as provided in subsection (c). Sec. 5. Any person denied registration shall have the right to appeal to the court of common pleas or any ^ onil tfipnw to trio J UU^C c?uv?. ? supreme court, to determine his right to vote uuder the limitation imposed in this article, and on such appeal the hearing shall bo de novo and the general assembly shall provide by law for such appeal and for the correction of illegal and fradulent registration, voting and all other crimes against the election laws. Sec. 6. The following persons are disqualified from being registered or voting: First. Persons convicted of burglary, arson, obtaining goods or money untler false pretenses,perjury, forgery, robbery, bribery, adultery, bigamy, wife-beating, housebreaking, receiving stolen goods, breach of trust with fraudulent intent, fornication,sodomy, incest, assault with intent to ravish, miscegenation,, larceny or crimes against the election laws; provided, that the pardon of the governor shall remove such disqualification. Second. Persons who are idiots, insane, paupers supported at the public expense, and persons confined in any public prison. Sec. 7. For the purpose of voting, no pei son shall be deemed to have gained or lost a residence by reason of his presence or absence while employed in the service of the United States, nor while engaged in the navigation of the waters of this State, or of the United States, or the high seas, nor while a student of any institution of learning. Sec. 8. The general assembly shall provide by law for the registration of all qualified electors and shall prescribe the manner of holding elections and of ascertaining the results of the same; provided, at the first registration tlri* flnnstitntinn. and until the 1st of January, 1898, the registration snail be conducted by a board of three disrceet persons in each county, to be appointed by the governor, by and with the advice and j consent of the senate. For the first registration to be provided for under this Constitution, the registration books shall be kept open for at least six consecutive weeks, and thereafter from time to time at least one week in each month, up to 30 days next preceding the first election to be held under this Constitution. The registration books shall be public records j open to the inspection of any citizen at all times. Sec. 9. The general assembly shall provide for the estaolishrnent of polling precincts in the several counties of the State and those now existing shall so continue until abolished or changed. Each elector shall be required ; to vote at his own precinct, but provision shall be made for his transfer to another precinct upon his change of residence. I Sec. 10. The general assembly shall t provide by law for the regulation of paity primary elections and punishing fraud at the same. I Sec. 11. The registration books shall close at least 30 days before an elec; tion, during which time transfers and registration shall not be legal; pro| ruled, persons who will become of age | during that period shall be emitted to *? 1* -ll : registration ociore tnc 00010? are j closed. I Sec. 12. Electors in municipal elec' tions shall possess the qualifications | and be subject to the disqualifications | herein prescribed. The production | of a certificate of registration from the | registration officers of the county as an j elector at a precinct included in the I incorporated city or town in which ; the voter desires to vote is declared a I condition prerequisite to his obtaining ! a certificate of registration for muni| cipal elections, and in addition he : must have been a resident within the I corporate limits at least four months ! before the election and have paid ail I tuxes due and collectible lor the preceding fiscal year. The general assembly shall provide for the registration of all voters before each election J in municipalities; provided, tbnt noth. ing herein contained shall apply to any 1 -1 "U.Tit: 1HHV he ludd | iIilliiiO| 'ai ujj* 41 j p-ior *o the general election of the j year 1 j I ee. 1'. In authorizing a special i election in any incorporated city or t town in ibis State tor the purpose of bonding the fame, the general assembly shall prescribe as a condition precedent to the holding of said election ; a petition from a majority of the free' holders of said city or town as shown ! by its t-.:x books, and at such elections j all electors of such city or town who : are duly qualified for voting under sec; tion 12 of this article, and who have I paid all taxes. State, county a ml ! municipal, for the previous year, shall j be allowed to vote, and the vote of a j majority of those voting in said elecj lions shall be necessary to authorize i the issue of said bouds? ^ Sec. I t. Electors shall in all cases | except treason, felony or breach of the peace, be privileged from arrest on the days of election during their attendance at the polls and going and returning therefrom. See. 15. No power, civil or military, shall at any time interfere to prevent the free exercise of the right of suf| fragc in this State. ARTICLE Iir. LEGISLATIVE DEPARTMENT. Seetiou 1. The legislative power of tiiis State shall be vested in two distinct branches, the one to be styled the "Senate." and the other the "House of Representatives," and both together the "General Assembly of the State of South Carolina." Sec. 2. The house of representatives shall be composed of members chosen by ballot every second year by citizens of tliis State, qualified as in this Constitution is provided, i Sec. 3. The house of representatives shall consist of 124 members, to be apportioned among the several counties according to the number of inhabitants contained in each. Each county shall constitute one election district. An enumeration of the inhabitants for this purpose shall be made in the year 1001, and shall be made in the course of every 10th year thereafter, in such manner as shall be by law directed: Provided, that the general assembly may at any time, in its direction, adopt the immediately preceding United States census as a true and correct enumeration of the inhabitants of the several counties, and make the apportionment of representatives among the several counties according to said enumeration: Provided, further, that until the apportionment which shall be made upon the next enumeration shall take effect, the representation of the several counties as they now exist (including the county of Saluda established by ordinance) ehall be as follows: Abbeville, 5; Aiken, 3; Anderson, 5; Barnwell, 5; Beaufort, 4; Berkeley, 4; Charleston. 9; Chester, 3; Chesterfield, 2; Clarendon, 3; Colleton, 4; Darlington, 3; Ed^eSeld, 3; Fairfield, 3; Florence, 3; Georgetown, 2; Greenville, 5; Hampton, 2; Horry, 2; Kershaw, 2; Lancaster, 2; Laurens, 3; Lexington, 2; Marion, 3; Marlboro, 3; Newberry, 3; Oconee, 2; Orangeburg, 5; Pickens, 2; Bichland, 4; Saluda, 2; Spartanburg, G; Sumter,5; Union,3; Williamsburg, 3; York, 4; Provided, further, that in the erent other couuties are hereafter established, theu the general assembly shall reapportion the representatives between the counties. Sec. 4. In assigning representatives j to the several counties, the general i assembly shall allow one representative to every one hundred and twenty-fourth part of the whole number of inhabitants in the State: Provided, that if in the apportionment of representatives any county shall appear not to be enI titled, from its population, to a repreI sentative, such county shall, never j theless, send one representative; and if there be still a deficiency in the number of representatives required by section third of this article, such de! nciency shall be supplied by assigning I representatives to those counties havj ing the largest sulplus fractions. Sec. 5. No apportionment of representatives shall take effect until the general election which shall succeed such apportionment. See. G. The senate shall Decomposed of one member from each county, to be elected for the term of four years by the qualified electors in each county, in the same manner in which members of the house of representatives are chosen. Sec. 7. No person shall be eligible to a seat in the senate or honse of representatives wh > at the time of his election, is not a duly qualified elector under this Constitution in the county in w hich he may be chosen. Senators shall be at least 25 ami representatives at least 21 years of age. Sec. S. The first election for members of the house of representatives i under this Constitution shall be held j on Tuesday afetr the first Monday in | November, 1890,and eve-vse -o,id year | thereafter, in such manm-;- uud in such | j laces as the general ass-mbly may | prescribe; and the first election for j senators shall be held on Tuesday after ! the first Monday in November. 1890, ! and every fourth year there-alter ex| cept in counties in which there was an j election for senator in 1891 for a full ' term, in which counties no election for j senator shull be held until the general j election to be held in 1898 and every j fonith year thereafter, except to fill ! vacancies. Senators shall be so classi! lied that one-half of their number, as j nearly as practicable, shall be chosen I every two years. Whenever the gen! eral assembly shall establish more than ! one county at any session, it shall so ? ? il. - i. i. - C 4.. present me nr.si ieriu ui luc m-ihuui.i ! from such counties as to observe such i classification. Sec. 9. The annual session of the general assembly heretofore elected, : fixed by the Constitution of the year i iSoS to convene on the fourth 'i'uesj day of November, in the year, l-S'.lb, is hereby postponed, and the same shall he convened and held in the city of Columbia on the second Tuesday in January, in the year 1S?J6. The first . i session of the general assembly elected ! under this constitution shall convene in Columbia on the second Tuesday in January, in the year 1897, and thereafter annually at the same time and place. Should the casualties of war l or contagious diseases render it unsafe to meet at the seat of government then the governor may by proclamation appoint a more secure and convenient place of meeting. Members of the ! general assembly shall not receive any | compensation for more than forty days j of any one session: Provided, that this limitation shall not ali'eet the lirst four sessions of the general assembly under this constitution. Sec. 10. The terms of office of the senators and representatives chosen at a general election shall begin on the Monday following such election. Sec. 11. Each house shall judge of the election returns and qualifications e -X 1 1 j c (>[ us own memoers, nun ? mujurn y m each house shall constitute a quorum to do business; but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day, and may compel the attendance of absent members, in such manner and under such penalties as may be provided by law or rule. See. 12. Each house shall choose its own officers, determine its rules of procedure, punish its members for disorderly behavior, and, with the concurrence of two-thirds, expel a mem ber, but not a second time for the same cause. Sec. 13. Each house may punish by imprisonment during its sitting any person not a member who shall be guilty of disrespect to the house by any disorderly contemptuous behavior in its presence, or who, during the time of its sitting, shall threaten harm to the body or estate of any member for anything said or done in cither house, or who shall assault them therefor or who shall assault or arrest any witness or other person ordered to attaud the house in his going thereto or returning therefrom, or who shall rescue any person arrested by order of the house: Provided, that such time of imprisonment shall not in any caseextend beyond the session of the general assembly. Sec. 1-1. The members of both houses shall be protected in their persons and estates during their attendance ou, going to and returning from the general assembly, and 10 days previous to the sitting and 10 days after the adjournment thereof. But these privileges shail not protect any mem ber who shall be charged with treason, felony or breach of the peace. Sec. 15. Bills for raising revenue shall originate in the house of representatives, but may be altered, amended or rejected by the senate; all other bills may originate in either house, and may be amended, altered or rejected by the other. Sec. 1(5. The style of all laws 6hall be: "Be it enacted by the general assembly of the State of South Carolina," Sec. 17. Every act or resolution having the force of law shall relate to but one subject, and that shall bo expressed in the title. Sec. 18. No bill or joint resolution shall have the force of law until it shall have been read three times and on three several days in each house, has had the great seal of the State affixed to it, and has been signed by the presdjnt of the senate and the speaker of the house of representatives: Provided, that either branch of the general assembly may provide by rule for a lirst and third reading of any bill or joint resolution by its title only. Sec. 19. Each member of the general assembly .shall receive five cents for every mile for the ordinary route of travel in going to und returning from the place where its sessions are held; no general assembly shall have the power to increase the per diem of its own members; and members of the general assembly when convened in extra session shall receive the same compensation as is fixed by law for the regular session. Sec. 29. In all elections by the general assembly, or either house thereof, the members shall vote "viva voce," and their votes, thus given, shall be entered upon the journal of the house to which they respectively belong. Sec. 21. Neither house, during the session of the general assembly, shall, without consent of the other, adjourn for more than three days, nor to any other place than that in which it Khali be at the time sitting. Sec. 22. Each house shall keep a journal of its own proceedings, and cause the same to be published immediately after its adjournment, excepting such parts as, iu its judgment, may require secrecy; and the yeas and nays of the members of either house, on any question, shall, at the desire of ten members of the house or live members of the senate, respective: ly. be entered on the journal. Any ! member of either house shall have 1 liberty to dissent from and protest j against any act <>r resolution which he ! may think injurious to the public or to an individual, and have the reasons of | his dissent entered on the journal. Sec. 23. The doors of each house i sliall lie open, except on snchoccasions ! us in the opinion of the house may rej quire secrecy. Sec. 21. No person shall be eiigigle to a seat in the general assembly while he holds any office or position of 111 40U ULUtVi UUV United States of America, o:: any of them, or under any other power, ex! cept officers in the militia and notaries ! public; ur;d if any member shall accept or exercise any of the said disqualifying offices or positions he shall vacate his scut. Sec. 2.1. If any election district ! shall neglect to choose a me mber 01 members on the day of election, or if any person chosen a member of <ither house shall refuse to qualify and take his seat, or shall resign, die, depart the State, accept any disqualifying office or position, or become otherwise j disqualified to hold his sent, a writ oi j election shall be issued by the president of the senate or speaker of the Louse of representatives, as the case may be, for the purpose of filling the vacancy thereby occasioned for the re-' maindcr of the term for which the person so refusing to qualify, resigning, dying, departing the State, or becoming disqualified, v.-as elected to serve, or the defaulting election district j ought 1?> have chosen a member or I members { c. aiomoers 01 lue general j aw.embly. and all officers, before they, eater upon the duties of their respective cffiees, and all members of the bar,* before they outer upon the practice of their profession, shall take and subscribe the following oath: "I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I iyn duly qualified, according to the Constitution of this State, to exercise the duj tics of the office to which I have been ! elected, (or a,/pointed) and that I will, to the best of my ability, dischargo the duties thereof, and preserve, pro-' tect and defend the Constitution of this State and of the United States. I do further solemnly swear (or affirm)' that 1 have not since the first day of' j Jrnuary, in the year eighteen hundred ! and eighty-one, engaged in a duel as j priucipal or second or otherwise; and j that I will not, during the term of office to which I have beeD elecied(or appointed) engage in a duel as principal or second or otherwise so help me God." The 27. Officers shall be removed for incapacity, misconduct or neglect of duty, in such manner at; may be provided by Jaw, when no mode of trial or removal is provided in this Constitution. ; Sec. 28. The general assembly shall enact such laws ao will exempt from at-: tachraeut, levy and sale under any. mesne or final process issued from any: court, to the head of the family residing in this State, a homestead in lauds,; whether held in fee or any lesser estate, to the value of 31,000, orso much thereof as the property is worth if its | value i3 less than 31,000, with the' j yearly products thereof, and to everyj i head of a family residing in this State, whether entitled to a homestead exemption in lands or not, personal property to the value of $300, or so much thereof as the property is worth if its value is less than 3300. The title to the homestead to be set off and assigned shall be absolute and be forever discharged from all debts of the said debtor then existing or thereafter contracted except as hereinafter provided: Provided, That in case any woman having a separate estate shall be married to the head of a family who has not of his own sufficient property to constitute a homestead as hereinbefore provided, said married woman shall bo entitled to a like exemption as provided for the head of the family: Provided, further, That there shall not be an allowance of more than 31.000 worth of real estate and more than $300 worth of personal property to the husband and wife jointly: Provided, further, That no property shall be exempt from attachment, levy or sale for taxes, or for payment of obligations contracted for the purchase of said homestead or personal property exemption or the ereetion or making of improvements or repairs thereon: Provided, further. That the yearly products of said homestead shall not be exempt from attach ment, levy or sole for the payment of obligations contracted in the production of the same: Provided, further, That no waiver shall defeat the right of homestead before assignment except it be by deed of conveyance, or by mortgage, and only as against the mortgage debt; and no judgment credi itor or other creditor whose lien does not bind the homestead shall have any ; right or equity to require that I a lien which embraces the homei stead and other property shall first i exhaust the homestead: Provided, . further, That after a homestead in i lands has been set off and recorded i the same shall not be waived by deed of conveyance, mortgage or otherwise, unless the same be executed by both hnsoauti and wife, if both be living: Provided, further, That any person ! not the head of a family shall be en! titled to a like exemption as provided for the head of a family in all necessary wearing apparel and tools and implements of trade, not to exceed in value the sum of $309. See. 20. All taxes upon property; real and personal, shall be laid upon the actual v;due of the property taxed . as the 6ame ehall be ascertained by an . assessment made for the purpose of laying such tax. Sec. 30. The general assembly shall never grant extra compensation, fee or i allowance to any public oflicer, agent, servant or contractor after service renr,r f>ont,r/iefc made, nor author ize payment or part payment of any claim under any contract not authorized by law; but appropriations may bo made for expenditures in repelling invasion, preventing or suppressing : sarrection. Sec. 31. Lands belonging to or under the control of the State sbali never j be donated, directly or indirectly, to j private corporations or individuals, or , to railroad companies. Nor shall such land be sold to corporations, or associations, for a io*s price than that for which it can be sold to individuals. This, however, shall not prevent the general assembly from granting a right : of way, not exceeding 150 feet in. in width, as a mere easement to railroads across State lands, nor to iuteri fere with the discretion of the general i assembly in confirming the title to lands claimed to belong to the State, j but used or possessed ny oiuer parue* i under an adverse claim. ;| Sec. 32. The general assembly shall ' i not authorize payment to unv person | of the salary of a deceased ollicer be']yond the date of his death; nor grant 1 pensions except for military nod nav.u j service; r.or retire any ollicer on pay j or part pay. s See. o'd. The marriage of a v.lure : person with a negro or mulatto, or person who shall have one-eighth < : s more negro blood, shall bo unlawful