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4 THURLOW 8. GARTER, J ^ Family Newsj^apcr : For the Promotion of the Political, Social, Agricultural and Commercial Interest*. 5 TERMS: $1.60 a Ybab. Boitob ajtd IIabaokb. \ _ __ ) Paxauj.k in Ai>vabcjc StlVH-WEEKt-Y fcUlHOW. liANCASTKH. IS U.. M*Y S5. ESTARU^HtD SOME COMMON WAR TERM Thing Thi\t tho Present (tenor tion Knows Little of. New York Tribune. '' VVhut is nn army corp What is n division? What is brigade? What is a regimen What is a batillion? What is company? What is a troop? Win is a platoon? What are lieutonan and what do they have to d( What is a fleet? What is a bnttl ship? Wliat is a flotilla? What an auxiliary cruiser? What is monitor? What is a torpedo boa What is a torpedo catcher. An army corps is made up of number of division - of infantr with a proper proportion of ai til lory and cavalrv. An arm corps is commanded by a maj< general, and is in all respects complete army, being the large: of the sub-divisions of the mil tary forces. During times < peace, there eouhl he no arm corps in the I'nitcd States, Ik can so the 2>.000 men were scat tered all over the country, an concentration was impractical)! and almost impossible. An arm eorps is divided into division: which term is applied to the no tactical unit below an army corp "Brigadk" a Fi.kxihi.k Tkkm Brigades are to divisions win divisions are to army corps, division differs from a corps in s far that while the larger body it eludes every arm of service, division may bo composed of onl nmt nf tnosa nrmo W* VMVUV Uiiun, A 11 U.-1 llIUl may bo u cavalry, artillery, c infantry division, or there ran Iw a division which includes a these. The number of men for division depends upon circuit stances. Throe brigades may b formed into a division, but thei is nothing to prevent its bein twice as largo. A division commanded by a major general. A brigade, commanded by brigadier general, is composed ( three, four, or five regiment: and may be made up from or arm of the service or it may ir O...I. : 1 - * * uiiiwo rvguuvuis ot lnianiry an cavalry and butteries of urtiller together with engineers unil signi cor|*?. A regiment is commanded by colonel, and is a permanent tact ml unit, with its own distirn individuality. Infantry regi wents, accoiding to the new regi lations, havo three buttallior each, and each hutallion has fou companies. The second officer i a regiment is the lieutcnant coh nel who, in the absence of tfa commanding officer, takes com in and. The bataliion commander are of the rank of major. The platoon is to the compan what tho bataliion is to the regi merit, and us the major is in core mand of a bataliion under th colonel, so are the first and se< ond lieutenants in command o their respective platoons unde the captain. Thf. Lowest Commissioned Oi ficf.r. First lieutenants ?have been d< scribed as holding the places c vice-captains. The title is pur< |y French. When company foi mation is made the first platoon i commanded by the first sergeant a quartermaster-sergeant, fou sorgeants, and six corporals, tw musicians, one artificer, ono er graver, and sixty-five private! In the cavalry arm of the servic companies are known as troopi I m S ' and in the artdlcry i s battel ies. ! tl Other non-commissioned <?fli w ti i cers in a regiment are one scr-! geant-niajor, <me quartermastersergeant, one chief musician, two ^ principal musicians, and three . II si ( hospital stewarts. a 44'''hc terms 4 4 fleet," (,snu . ' ! r< t? dron," and 44tlotilla" arc elastic | a in their nature. Tliev each . " | !) nt designate a number of vo-seb tin- , n . <! ts der a single commander, hut ^ ?? 44lleet" is a term supeii r to', c- j 4'squadron," and ".squadron" is! stands for more than "flotilla." f a The term 44fleet" may l?e properly t ? | npplicxft to an aggregation of canal j boats, and it is not unusual to! a hear of a flotilla of o\stvr h it-. IV v 1 or racing yachts. Hut at this - time one couples the terms with a v the navy, and, according to cs * .. Hl ?r tahiished usage, the war! "poet" a means a large number of vi st under the command o i i j or other high naval otliccr. W >f it is believed by some an!ho 1 v that a tleet must contain at ! i six ships, o hers believ e 1 1 a M smaller numlter of vod : under certain riiviiin 1 I''I termed a fleet. 1 li< i ?? :r I)' )' tries whoso whole n:tv\ 1 1 t ?, of only four or live ships, but , ! 11 d these could be spohen e*' ; > with all propriety. Terhnioall v a fleet has been de-.?Tibed a>< > ?1 < 1 ^ posed of thirteen % easels two 1 I j ?| HUM i viao Ol.\ I't'll'll MI; I M 0 j flagship. But this technicality j ^ ,.j seems to ho entirely disregarded j n I in practice. y A Squadron and its Comm \m>r.n. e i A squadron is a division of a >r fleet, a detachment of war vessels V employed upon a particular set - j " vice or station, and is always tin 11 der the command of a flag oflieer. i A flag officer is one who has the ^ ? privilege to display a llag denot- * 'e ing his rank?an admiral, vice.ad ( K miral, rear-admiral, or commdfc lH dore. n A flotilla is tlio term applied '* a either to a fleet of small vessels 8 or to a small fleet of larger craft. S The difference between a battle- ? ie ship and an armored cruiser is ? technical, and exports have stum- ^ : bled over tho matter. A battle- I' >' ship is supposed to have heavier 11 l' guns and armour and t<? l>e better '1 to withstand hard knocks from an ^ 11 opposing force. But this does ? ' not always hold good, as may bo I' soon in the case of the Maine as ' compared with the Brooklyn. il ' Tho Maine was a battleship, but IS she was not so large nor so heavily r armored as tho armored cruiser i " n ! Brooklyn. On one point there 11* >_ I seems to bo no dispute and thnt 0 , id the fact that the cruisers are " faster than the battleships, and it ? B1 is conceded also that in most in- Hi ! Ktanoes the battleships are bettor ,r J protected. _ l~ Auxiliary cruisers are vessels 11 l" which were built for tho mer ? chant service, but with a view to j1 J" being armed in caao of need. * ' When the vessels wore built the ir government had an understanding I with tne constructors and owners i i p* by which provisions for arming; were made. A similar agreej ment exists between tho English b ?f government an-< the owners of the ^ )- large ocean liners which sail un *. der her flag. Tho cruiser St ? is Paul, St Louis, New York and ti t, Paris would not be recognized by n ir the people who traveled across o the ocean on them when they i- were luxuriously appointed pas i. eenger boats. Superfluous furnie ture has been removeu, and the g I, vessels in their war paint look as | Iiough they had hocn built for I ur purposes. Tiik monitok's 1': mioi.r.r.. A monitor is u peculiar buttle hip, having a low fr-el oard, ;*ht draught, and flush d and 11ns mounted in heavily armored evolving torrents planed on the eck. A monitor is a floating attory more than a ship, and j rives its name from the lir-t of, ie olass ever constructed, which attlod with the Confedenite ironlad Merrinmc in Hampton Roads, 'ho original monitor was dos- i rihed as resembling a great lieese-hox on a plank, hut it did aluahle service, and revolutionled naval warfare. Torpedo (.oat- ari the racers mom; the war ve .els. Tliev i fe swif'. !, : I ei-aft, <1 'signed to . .1 : u ir !arjpi ves !-. In order to do this work roj a 1 . t t >i | -edo hoat must ? eh' " to tl'.e t hj ct of its do. native designs, and, having I . ) s ! * ' . : ii?' : i si I tinr. '11 <>I <le. true- ! el in ;tositiou, ii-. next object is > l' t :i way :iti<I out. of the reach ; he ii' v. A 'orpctlo-bout i l-l be sunl!, siixl the men who >1111 ;t> small crew must be nbso? iteiy fearless. A torpclo-bimt catcher is <le ; in- 1 i \ i ii-i! . i.t . foli />? /- 1 VW v ? ?. VIJ \/ I IW stroy torpedo-boats. In order > In* lit t?'<l for tlie work, the l oats are larirer than the torpedooats; tin \ ran make hotter time, nil carry heavier armament. A REAL ROMANCE. liss Cisnoros Will Wed Ono of Her Resellers. Washington, May 20. ? Kvanclina Cosio y Cisneros, the young !uban girl, is soon to wed Carlos 'arhonel, the founer Cuban anker, who was yesterday nomiuted by President McKinley to e a lieutenant and aid on the tafT of Maj (ien Fitzhugh Lee. When Karl Decker went to' Iavana with tiio express purpose f liberating Miss Cisnoros, ho mind a trusted lieutenant in the orson of Mr Carbonol, nlthogh, ke Mr Decker, he was at the line unacquainted with the fair | oung Cuban. When tho night f the rescue from tho Havana rison came Mr Carbonel was ftt >eekor's side during the entire Hair. To Carbonel was entrusted the; uty and privilege of acconinanv-1 ig the girl to New York. Com anionship Itetwcen the two naves of a common oliino ripened | lto love, and the usual details of nirtship followed, with the re- , alt that the wedding will shortly ' ike place, probably l?efore Lieu* j mailt Carbonel snail be ordered lto tho Hold, although no definite me has !>eeti decided on by Miss isneros, her guardian, Mrs iogan, or the groom to be. OASTOniA. IWith# Kind Yoa Hm Always Bouflt T* It is only by labor that thought in be made healthy; and only y thought that labor can lie made ?ppyNever reflect on a past action hich was done with a good mo vfl nnd with tho l^?ot ? . ? ?UV yi JliU^* lent at tho time. treeta with too whether Tn eontleee errek tiling lobeere behlt. HQ-Tim more* the deetre fei tebeere. .lU ^^tf uthereoutittetreee. .imIitM^fl Ine, partflee the UU*J. re>?(# Ilk I jT|| loree Met otewhee4. | eei.e ieke* roe I V tU^wll mm I health. herTa^^S * I Al^wMHrWlTi ".^^11 i IR en hemM. whe l?l ^^^k^Wtll reeek (ereefS* It with m ISI^Ta* tS^jwrttswa: TROOPS AT CHICK A MAI (i A A Men, Provisions and Ambulance Arrived There Yesterday. f Chickamngft National Park (ia., May 22^?This has been i (juiet day at Camp Thomas. Tin Second WbriicUu reoinieni, whirl 4 ' reached Chattanooga yesterday afternoon, arrived this mortiiu* ami were assigned to the eani| ground scleaKd for the first di vision ot tlio 'i hird corps, and lie men have bofn busy getting int< I heir tents dtiying the day. Onb two bat alliens arrived during tin n d iv. The second batallion of tin Second No bra ?ca, which had be come separate! from the rcgi incnt at St IjOIis, reached here a s o'clock. Tll'V came in toda; over the Of'cinnati Southern The belated na tall ion was coin maiided by Major Wiiliatn ( Mace. The fir>t batallio 1 of tin One Ilundtod and Fifty -seventl Indiana infantry arrived in Cliata nooga at 9 o'sjlock, accompmiei by the regimental hand of 2-1 pieces. The batallion spent tin day on Lookout mountain am reached the park at 5:30 o'clock sleeping under1 the stars on Lytth Hill during the night. As 11 re suit of tbo few arrivals the rail road yards which have been enor niously congested with loaded an< empty cars for nearly a week ai opportunity will he given to clcai off the tracks and sidings to niak< room for the,troops that will be gin to arrive at a lively ruto to morrow morning. Twenty-five cats of provision arrived today and were stored ii the large warehouses now com pleted on the park ground. Fifty one of tho latest and most itn proved ambulances, built with i s(>ecial view tc adaptability in i hot climate, arrived from Soutl Bend, lnd., today. TWO THOUSAND RECRUITS They Have Been Assembled i Atlanta Already?The Spanish Prisoners. Atlanta, May 2*2.?About 2,00 recruits have arrived at Fort Mc Pherson since that post was mad the centralization point for tlui branch of the army. Every re cruiting station in the eountr; from Maine to California bus sen some men, and they are still ar riving at the rato of 200 a day. It was not intended to send an of tho men away until they wen uniformed and equipped, but th need of men for tho Philipine has brought about tho necessity for petting more men in the reg ular army regiments in the west. Col Cook, the commandant yesterday lined up tho roeruits a the post and asked for volunteer to go to the Philipincs. N'in hundred rospondod almost in stantly, hut only 600 are wantc to make out tho third hatallioi of two regiments. It is likel; that these men will go to Not Orleans to join tho Eighteent and Twenty-third regiments c tho regular army before the? regiinonts, which have been an signed to go with Gen Merritt start for San Francisco, l The Exchanok of Prisoners. The Spanish prisoners who ar to he exchanged for Correspond ents Thrall and Jones, now i Morro castle, will be started fc Cuba as soon as the departmeti | here is assured of connection a . | Miami with a bout for llubunu. : Col Cortijo and Surgeon Julian sjure still in ignorance of the ex -jchange. , I Assembling at Jacksonville. 11 Jacksonville, May 22.?The ^ 151 first troops to be encamped here I. 1 arrived tonight, the Second rogi- .j i ment of Illinois reaching here; Cl I first, followed bv the Second im? t< Mconsin. Both number about .j *1 1,000 men each. The regiments , 11 : had expected to go to Tampa, but ^ ' | were diverted at Jacksonville en jj >' route, the government having do- , . 11 B oided upon this citv as a place of 12 encampment The camp - command of Brig. (Ion II \V ,7 . r< - Lawton. The North Carolina . I . . at t and Iowa regiments will reach j M here tomorrow and others will follow later on. , t< * I ~ ie Indiana Troops Move. I . Indianapolis, May 22. ? The | .? 'dine Hundred and Fifty-Ninthj s| " regiment of Indiana volunteer in- w, l ii. . | fantrv left ('amp Mouit in four|V( j sections for the rendezvous at m j Camp Ihinn Luring, \ a. The t,, 1 j regiment is commanded l?y Col. s|, ' Harnett. J ,jt Rough Rulers Start. 'f. Dead wood. S I> May '22.?The fo j j three troops of rough riders at vc ! Fort Monde have orders to start at for Chiekamauga tomorrow. T r a Montana Moving. 01 Butte, Mont. Mnv22.?Orders w. wore received today by the M.m- nl tana cavalry troops to prepare to d< start for .Chickamauga tomorrow, v Vermont Heard From. n I New York, May 22.?The first [id ft Vermont volunteers, 1,080 men, u passed through .Jersey City today | e] Jon its way south. let Maryland Also. Baltimore, May 22.?Orders 1.1 , .' J were received at Camp Wilmer p i today for the First regunent, out I b n [of which the two batallions of in- ? fantry to complete Maryland's j fl 'quota of volunteers were formed, e: ^ > to proceed to Fortress Monroe, j [The command will leave hero on j ir Wednesday. e< e; I ^ ,p | Masso Urges Autonomists and I b, Others to Join the Cuban It Hanks. <r t Jacksonville, Ha., May 21 ? A s* I special to Tho Times Union and p j Citizen from Tampa, says: The n text of a proclamation issued by ci 0|Hsrteleme Masso, President of if ' the Cuban republic, has reached n v_ here via New Orleans. In it tl 1 Masso strongly ur?;es the autono- A mists, guerrillas and Cubans loan- t< injr toward Spain to come over a ^ to the Cuban ranks. He assures c< them that, with tho aid of United n 0 States troops, a decisive blow to li SpAin is soon to be struck, and a that the Cuban cause will soon be h ,, won. Ho points out that all who h ,. fail to join the Cuban forces be- b fore it shall be too lato, must s V # seek a home in somo other counh try. 4 ?1 i? j No Truth in tho Reported Battle ' on Mole c?t Nicholas. '? j Washington, May 22?The ru! mors of a groat naval hattle, current last night, were disused of 1 e by the Navy Department early ? 1- to day, in the following bulletin: n -'No truth in the published state- 1 r ment concerning an engagement * it off St Nicholas Mole, Hayti, in ,t which twelve ships were sunk." HOW LONDON YIKWS IT. he Management of the Cape Verde Fleet l>y Ccrvera. London, May 'J'h? The Times lis morning in an article re viewiiT, the war, takes it for granted uit Admiral Cervera's squadron 'ailed in Venezuelan waters tmm nir Uritisli colliers. If siiurircsts uit the eruisers Yi/.cava and ifanta Maria Teresa 1 i-ke I a isadvanta^o in bOmr reported lore in consideration of linur ility to send dispat'-iie-. ; i (ien. laneo and to there have rejoined le tla^ship at a prearranged nde/.vous, and to have arrived Santiago on the i !?fh. The Times says: 'Kven if it took a longer route i escape ohservati ui, Ad. ervera's force has i? ; 1 . civ deliberate in its move: 1 l i* ui uiH nisi rnn-"f - li:i\ * Hi"! \ ! iinvn rrcat speed. I!i--i a' i much boasted at Madrid, i < not 't apparent, 1'ossihly i : ents are I>t*in?* h.r irpcilo boats, hut tin; < ,; rem; owness of his oeean jstroyed his ehanee of >1 i!i? ^ n IWtive blow at Key We*', al nnpa or against the block < 1 i11ir ?ree, denuded of it- ia -t i lit ssels by Admiral Sa upson's lortivc raid on San Juan dc orto liico. 'The high speed of the Spanish 'uiscr stpiadron so far has not eon turned to any account, and Ithough its arrival at Santiago o Cuba may have some moral alue in assuring the Cuban garisons that they are not abandoned, o naval object seems to have been ttained. The Cnited Stales oomlanders now know where the cnaiy is and have had time to consntrate superior forces and to :>ver vulnerable points.' To take the Cnited States cruisrs into this harbor in face of a owerful fire fro n Cervera's would e a risky operation, but a torpedo otilla, if it existed in either eet, might find opportunities for ITective employment. 'If Admiral Cervera succeeds i getting to sea and obtaining >al he will unqucstionahlv hauler the Cuhan blockade, although o can have n direct advantage, t is evident that the monitors reatly dela\ Admiral Sampson's juadron. Such an incuhus mioses heavy disabilities upon a mdorn tleet and a fast squadron ipahlo of pursuing the Spaniards ! they leave the port is urgently ceded. Failing such a force icre appears to he no reason why admiral Cervera should not -.team > San Juan de Porto Rico, coal nd go to sea again before he ould ho overtaken. A rocent eport confirms the existence of a i?go quanity of coal at San Juan, nd if Admiral Cervera can a rail imself of this supply and leave >ehind his torpedo craft ho would >e able to roach Charleston or iavanaah without difficulty. 'A raid on either of these points rould have no important results, >nt it would gravtly interfere with he ojierations of tho blockade.' Yollow fever prevails each year n the seaport cities of Cuba, beginning toward tho end of Juno ind disappearing in September, foreigners only are attacked by ho disease. ?jf"TayUp.