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" VOLUME XIV. ~ WEDNESDAY MORNING, JAR, 10, 18(56. NUMBER 18. " ,Thc South?Its Duty and Dcst'.ny. ? The writer of the article which follows, a distinguished Professor in the Sou<h Carolina College, and gives expression to the views of the most Inptful class of I f Soutliern peoj-.le. What be say* of the West InJia expciiment will receive (up iher elucidation in llie ue^t nuiNler of 'the Review, when we hope ,to give full 'examination to tbe recent work of Mr. Sewell, wbo nailed tlie itdnndH end fur nutbea en elaborate end favorable exponi ftion of tbeir preaeut coudiiiuji.?Kunoit DeHow'h Review, ' On the fourth of July, 1865, the citi. xerii of "Columbia, S. C.were the * pec tutors of * scene most impressive and ini\ructive. A Urge btfdy of freed men gathered from the surrounding districts. united with their countrymen in ll.e'citv % ' to celebrate the d?y of UAtioiial festivity - Ttiere were not less tliftit twenty thousand present on (lie occasion ; yet no Act o! violence nor even of incivility was perpe trated. No disturbance occurred. All were eoter, sedate And courteous. The c.ip of freedom bad not mftde them de iVnouA.! These sanguinary barbarians, who, According to the theory of faiiall' cisin, had been kept in subjection hy the whip and the chain, adjusted Iheinselves *o their r?* relation* with a calm digni ty which, however subversive of the aforesaid theory, rt-Hect* the greatest credit upon their former matter*. The institu tioo of slavery hail Iraiivformed the Afri an itvijjt into the nucleus uf the Aiueri an ciliien.'1' '' The South U thu* vindicated from un incited calumny. 4'The past at least is ' Aectirej" And the Southern master, thus unexpectedly cited before the tolli'v tribunal, haa proved that lie ha* di?charg Vd hi* high trust, by the employment of an institution devolved upon Inin by the cupidity of the North, 114 the moral im, proveiuent of the class thu* committed to , hi* charge. That institution 110 longer ex lata. The stern arbitrament of the Word ha* decreed i<? r?iii,cti<>n, nod tlie " ?. , ; t Soul li, .?cqt|iee.,ing in the inevitable re ul?, I in* 'aui rendered its Unit. A new n> kin dawned upon it. 'I lie relation of Ul?or to capital m>uin?< n different' |ioaition. By revolution unexampled incite liiatory of roNiikind, philanthropic projectors have cnvei.ed elates ainto freemen, without warning or prepNiNtion, Wit boo l lit nI nppreiiticesliip wliieli has been lnllierto deemed the appropriate and aven neccs.arv transition froin bun ,U*i lo Ufterty." It remain* lo be teen hwer lite South will n eel this new condi- j lion of xffaira. I* it adequate to the crisis? To deny tbie, would be rn utt generous reflection upon to established character for sagacity and eutrgr. A people that converted an inconsiderable foreign plant ir.!o the autocrat of the commerce of tHa civilized world, and made cotton king, defying and distancing II competition in ita eulti* aiion; tliat held f?r f?ur J9*t* the tno?t pow eiful (??>vemnient nil ihe face of the earth, and iiii'CunilaJ at last only to over ?helmlog mimI era, waging a war of duva*ta * lion, p'under and rapine, liua retilrd the qjeatiin of their eO>-rgy and endurance. Sir eh ni??n even an enemr might he proud to claiiu a? brethren. They Lave asaer> ted their Ingb lineage, and proved them a*|vra adequate to any taek which l'rovi deuce may devolve upon them. The vital queetioo for the South at tb? prevent time, ia : Can the colored man bo profitably oinp'oyed ae a free laborer f Will he work ? or ia he an en caption to tba genatal rule, which da tarminaa (bat wheo tba laborer it remanded to hit own iutereata ba will prova moat effactival Tba raMilta of tba ex parimaot in tba britiah Watt Indies would throw grant light op?o tbia inqui* ry. but uafortunataly tba raquiaita docomacta ara not at band. Geo. 8bar maa, to bit devaataling occupations and to effectually dona bit Amu work, that tba private libraries, to wtrieb we might repair fay information, lid Ik aehaa. We can Avail ourtelvaa odly fit such information aa la witbin our Ihya^h ; and fortonataly we bare at bead th? "Kdinbnrgh R*v\*u,n wbieb happens i to bawa wteaged tbeir touch and oroh. ' 4 aritet io tbet quart*!/ for April, J 4 | ' 1859, alliriiM that "the Went Indie* are raising with great epted to a height qf wealth, happiness and comfort unknown hefote," thai "thej are swiftly becoming a gem.in the British crown, of higher value liinn they ever were before." The act of emancipation took elfect in 1834; the apprenticeship system ceased in 1838. n*i- - - me new system ser-ms 10 nave wcrlcefl very well until 1847, when a dreadful crash rattle, brought about mainly by a vast fa I in the price of sugar. Free trade exposed the planters to the com ' petition of* Brazil and Cuba, whilst the protect.ve measures of France aud Belgium and other continental countries in fnv?r of their beet sugar excluded cane sugar from their mat Lets, and caused a surplus in Knglaml, so that, although the produce of the islands continued to iu ere;.He, the profits were as steadily di minishitig, aud the planters, crippled by the debts which they had brought with thetn out of slavery, were crushed and ruined. But from these disasters the islands have gradually recovered ; and lite writer affirms that ''official statistics and reports absolutely demonstrate that lite West In.Jies are rapidly advancing in wealth and prosperity, with corres. ponding a.lvanee in the general charac1 isr t\( ll>u r.AAttL M - ? r"","" The Soii'li enters upon its new career under circumstances stnlyii^.y different, and far more advantageous, than those which attended the experiment in the West Indies. Our colored population is far superior in intellect and inbrals. The plantations in those islands were managed principally by agents, the proprietors residing in Kngland ; and theta' was little intercourse between the whites end the Marks. The latter remained in ignorance and 'imbnriom. Our people have been civilized and christianized. They aro. intelligent, havj been trained to habits of industry, and can appreciate the importance of regular and well directed la tor. Moreover, we have the advantage of climate. Tliosa tropical regions enabled the negro to live upon the epontane | ous productions of the soil, and hence templed liiin to aloth. Hut, in our cli mate, work ia indispensable to existence. The negro muat labor or starve. llenca the proprietor of land cau present a controlling motive to overcome the native s'nggisliness of tbe African. Again, the liritia.li (Ioverninent committed tha fatal mistake of allowing tha emancipated negroes to thecoma owners of the soil. The wild land* were occupied by the freedmen ; and ruffie settled down upon them in easy indo'ence, content to lire upon pumpkin* and whatever a Irounteoua | nature might laviah at hi* feet. Hut here, the white man ia the proprietor of the laud. Cuflin mua*. work for him, or try the experiment of living without work, with the privilege of starving. He ia free to starve if he pleaaaa. Hut even the negro can understand that starvation ia not the mo*t desirable privilege of free dnm, and hi* own aad experience will [ impress him with the importance of work< 1 ing for a firing. We are, w* cotife**, deep'y srlicitoua tliat a fair experiment iiliall be made with the free colored population. Tlie South has already prove I hsel!* th ir greateat benefactor, by rescuing them bom barbariam and heathen em and blessing them with the light of a pure ch'ialianitf. It 1 now rem sir s to completa the great work by elevating them to the atatua of in 1 telligent, induatrioua and effective hirei lings. Let ua not ahrink from ..Via ardu ou?, hut benevolent, enterprise. The negro it indeed ignorant, and he baa been perverted and demoralised by fanatical teacbera; but the '.eatincte of ii^ruaoi ty are^et vital in bim; and (be kindly re membrane# of former and brighter days I will coacnr with a regard for hia own in lereat to attach bim to bia former meater. I I'r ode nee, forbearance and a tender in i it.iae. i.:- x_?? ? i <ra.|*uv? Wl u>a lUUHUIIlia Ult J J Bt pTOtect him ageinit the ioeidioue influence* which am employed (o lunke him regard his former mwlw u his my, tod may revive tboee earlier aeaoeiation* of lot* ad duly, whLb ocet m?d? him eontented with hie tain hie lot. The primary eooditioe of cneeeee with the Southern planter eooeieU in a fall J appreciation of the altered relation of the j en . negro laborer and a corresponding changr pf treatment. In this respeit the Wesl India planters blundered most sadly. Tb( managers of estates (for the proprietor) were mostly absentees,) forgellir g thai the npgro was no longer a bondmao carried into their new sphere the hahitt of thought and action to w hich they hail been accuslotted, but of which the freed man was very naturally most impatient and attempted to subject tho latter to * system of disc-inline which (be laws h:u! made obsolete. Di.trust and almeatior [ were the inevitable consequence. Tin laborer in disgust abandoned bis old borne, and set up fur himself. It Is no| without some degree #of truth that a wri ter in ibe " Westminister lievit w," Feb ruary, 1863, asserts, "The diiiiinution o labor was the direct and immediate con sequence of ^Lc mismanagement of the planters." Southern planters,it is lobe hoped will nvo'd this error. O ir colored peo pie are possessed, we believe, of the naos: kindly feelings towards their late owners Many of tlieiu have declined to accept the prolfered boon of freedom; all, with perlmpj the exception of the few who have been corrupted by those who left their masters and took up arms against 'hem iu the late struggle, wish ami hope to live amongst us onie'dy and orderly, The negro it by nature submissiv e' end peaceable. lie linn no propent'ty to act* of violence and hlo'.il. Inten>perance is not among hit criuif*. Hit chief faults are faltehood and theft, ami thes.i were the incident! of hit servile condition, jntl >t gaming, gallantry, (lie pleaaurca of the table and extravagant display in dresi and equipage are the product* of a high er stage of civiiiz ?li<>n. I'o-i-essing within himself the constituent of an effect've laborer, he may be trausinu'ed by judi cioua and paint taking elTorla into a valuable coadjutor in ihe new career o progresa upon which the South Lac en tend. One ttriking peculiarity of hit charac ter it his atrong local attachment, hii love of borne an'd ilt surroundings. The Southern planter may avail hip?se!f o tliit element of Ins nature, and turn it tt beneficial uvea both for himself and hit dependent. The neeroe'a original at O P tacbmenl to tha homestead may he con firmed and invigorated hy kind and cour teoua treatment, by affectionate interest in hie family and regard for his welfare Ua may thus be made a permanent fix ture of the plantation ; and our patriarchal institution may be replaced hy one coin bining all its advantages with none of iti evils. Slavery is sn abnormal, and, ai the history of the world has proved, t deciduous institution^ Whether this it the growth of man's virtues or his vices we stop not to inquire. We accept th< fact. Hut the relation of master am! servant ia natural and unalterable. Oui former system may he replaced by on< sucn h? utMi winch exists jn Knplsrid where the playmate of childhood become! the confidential agent of later yearn resides at the old hoinestoad, and dying loaves his children in the srrvice of hu original employer, and attached to theii native spot by all the sweet and gentlt associations of home, kindred and friend* I Such a system of hereditary employment of transmission of duties and afFeotioni from parents to children, is the faires school of human nature. It is the nursery of all that is noblest, and dearest, ant best in our social relations, and far trao scends the miserable scheme of mercenary and transient service which ^crvr.de* tin domestic economy of the North. We are, as we have said, aniious tlia a fair experiment should he made will the colored people. We are hopeful, evet confident, in rogsrd to its issue. llu should the experiment fail, there exist do ground for despondency in referenc to our future. Our broad lands ant fertile fields wi'l invite foreign emigration The young, the vigorous, and the en terprising will corus among ua to seel tbeir fortunee; and the indomitable An gleSeioo spirit will in the sod, triumpl over all obstacles. We base said ooth lag of tbe aid which we may derive fron the influences of Christianity >nsubsidixin| the colored labor of tbe South. We hop* to diaona that subject la aooth or article ) Toe religion of the negro is sui generis, I and demands the careful scrutiny of the i philosopher. > Hut wo must stop. The conclusion of t the whole matter is this. We call upon , the people of the South to be manly, en? terprismg, hopeful. Their fortitude in I adversity is even more admit able than their gallantry in the field. They are j , capable of ureal llrngs, and may achieve i ?i high destiny. Let them turn away I from the dead past, and look at the living i future. "Men are sometimes masters ol j their fates and the critical period has I arrived in which they nre summoned to t enter upon a new career of unexampled . prosperity, happiness, and virtue. Ad versity .ta a steru school, but it is the f gytnoasiutn or gtealoOuls ; and the awful calamities which have beral!en the South ! may prove in the end to have been only tlia discipline of Providence to purifv and consolidate its character, and to make it, as hitherto the ornament, so now and hereafter, the support of a great nation. Tito Confederate Privateers. - The Richmond RrjmhUc says : There has been on the sea altogether twenty Confederate cruisers. Their career comi meticed in June, 1861, by the sailing ol the first of thetn, the little schooner Savannah from Charleston, and ended ou i the Oth of November, iSGo.by ti.e ar i rival of the last of them, the stearuyr > S*>eiiai.doaL, at Liverpool. In the four i years they captured two hundred and seventy five vessels, together nearly 1,? i 000,000 tons, and most of which were > burned or sunk. Of these, four were steamers, seventy eight ships, eighty two harks, forty threo brigs and sixty eight I TI.a A!?l . ? J | g.iiuuycm t uc mnUHUIII CHJIlUrCU 91X1 J'eight vessels, one of which was Uit> guni boat IlaUeras, at Calveston ; the She> f nandoah, thirty eight; the Florida thirty six; the Sumter twenty seven ; the Tal. lahassa twenty-seven ; the Tacony, Ufteen ; all in the month of June, 1803, ( of which nine were Gloucester fishermen ; s the Georgia ten ; the J?-tT lGvis eight ; C Winslow five; Chicnmnuga four; Olus, tee four; Clarenco three; Retribution , three ; bt. Nicholas three; Calhoun three; Sallie, Nashville, Boston, Bcho, two each. The Nashville was principally a blockade runner. The value of the vessels and I car<?ce? captured cannot be estimated without a great research, but if some | one should tell us it was $100,000,000, I me aiiuuid noi consider u overrated. Newspapers?High Prices. Paper has risen almost one hundred porcent. since the first of August, and is now quite as high as it was any time last year, and the tendency is still onward and upward. There is little prospect of ! relief before spring. Paper, ink, labor, I ; and a'l the materials which go to make j a newspaper are so high, that no propria' tor can afford to publish a paper for less than double tbe price received before the war. Still, people complain because the prices are r.ot reduced, never #;hisking that the matter is entirely beyond the control of publishers. Westminister (.?/./,) Sentinel. We are sorry to say the above is true ? every word of it. Previous to the war, the paper upon which the Enquirer was printed, cost us from eight to nine cents per pound. The paper which wo are now using, and an inferior article at that ?costs us twenty-two cents per jtound ! Ink, which before the war was worth twenty cents per pound, we can not now I buy for less than thirty to thiity five | t J cent*. Krery description of printing ma* ' , terial Imn advanced in the tame ratio.? , ? Yorkville Enquirer. ? A confirmed bachelor utea the follow* e 'nR Argument against matrimony: J Calico is a gro^t prompter of laziness, i. If y#ung men wish to accomplish any - tiling of moment, either with head or It hand, they must keep clear of the institution entirely. A pair of aweet hps, a 3 piok waist, swelling cheat, a pressure of i. two delicate hands, will do as tnuob to I nohioge a man as three fevers, the meaI ties, a large-sited whooping-cough, a s pair of locked jaws, several hydrophobias, i. and the doctor's oil I. Gen. Lee's Name Cheered. The following reception of General Lee's name at a meeting of the New York Democracy to endorse Mr. Gunthi er'a nomination for Mayor shows in what respect General Leo is held at the North by the Democracy. Mr. .Theodore Tomlinson one of the speakers, said : "Grave men, let them remember, were never liars. Ho did not think tker*- was a noble hearted man in the North who flit) nrtf hitli^vA llmt ( l.titoftl l!.?hor? V Lee [At tlie mention of Lis name, and before Mr. Tomlinson could conclude his sentence, there were a few hisses, when a tremendous round of cheers burst from the audience and completely drowned the dissonant few. Immediately hisses were again heard, when cheers still louder than before were sent and contirn ued some time, utterly preventing Mr. Tomlinson from continuing his remarks for some minutes. At length the hisses remained x^te and Mr. Tomlinson pro, ceeded with his address] lie repeated that there was no fair minded man at the North who did Lelieve that when Robert E. Lee, leader of the Confederate army, pledged his honor to support the Union *nd tho Constitution, and swore to it, that he would do other than keep his word. [Applause.^"' Losses to be Paid. The Milledgeville, (Oa.) Union states, that it has crood authority f?.rsavinr? tlmi o J ?J 'rj ----a'.l men over the ago of sixty five, who took do part in the war, and all widows, at tho time General Sherman's army injured their property, will be reimbursed by the United States Government for damages. The assessor is already at work in tho county of llancoek, ascertaining damages so far as respects the two classes of our people above named. Should this policy of restitution be generally adopted, and li;<? losses of non> combatants by tho march of General Sherman's army made good, it will prove one of the most in'westing items of intelligence wo have received for ten months past. We trust that the Govern ment will extend this act of justice all over the territory, which has been laid waste by jig armies, and thus still closer hind the Southern people to its unqualified support. A Long Look Ahcjvl. A cotemporary turns his visage to the future and iu the misty distance of two hundred years, sees and describes the following : * ri'I A T\ a A/s r a . -1 ? iima ? ?,uuo. a leiegraptnc message lias been sent to A servant, who precoma himself at the window in a Lai loon. Master?John, go to South America and tell Mr. Johnson tint I shall be happy to have hitn sup with me this even' ing. Never mind your coat, go right away. In five minutes John returns. John?Mr. Johnson says he will come; he is obliged to go to the North pole for a moment, aud will call here as he comes back.x" Master?Very well John ; now you may wmd up the machine for setting the table, and telegraph to my wife that Mr. Johnson will be here presently. After that John, you may dust out tho balloon ? I have an nppoiutment ir. London for 10 o'clock. Jobn disappears to execute these orders, while Ins master steps down to the West Indies to get a fre&h orange, UNIVERSAL SUFFRAGE. Cha'k and Ivory ! haela sad ahina ! Sambo's glory now begioa ! Go 'way whits nan. You don't know How to vot? right?dnl ia ao. v??# i - v?._ ....... ? ?? 1 /?' 1 /WW ? l)a kuppitil I aber aaw ! Whar'a da ticket*'? i'otch 'am atraight ! I vote* early?I vote* lata? I vatea often?I vote* right? i'aa no tgaoramou* whit* Man aad brudder?equal born? Da Maker'* image (in a horn) Da glory ob da riaia' dayDa callid en** from Africa I Oh, kinky, aiaky, atiaky, ah ! If 41* slat glorv, tall m* ao 1. If oat of lb* ?b*(Jow*" that crota our pathway in life are caused by our aland ing in oar own li^bt. j Courting in lligbt Style. "flit eout, you nasty puppy?let me alone or I will tell ma!" cried out Sally ?to her lover Jack, who sat about tep feet from her, pulling dirt ftom tbechiip* nev jam. "I ar^o't tacl>'n op you." "Don't mean tu, nuther, do yer!" I "No I don't." Cause you're so tarnal scary, you long legged, lantered jawed, slab-bided, pigeon! toed, Ungled-knecd owl, you han't got a tarnal bit of aecce ; gef, along with you." v?0..1 r i -_j ??- ? j - nun, ua I, I IUTB ) 'J I', IQQ CHQ I UBip 11, nnd ef you don't lot me slay, and court you, my daddy will she youin's for that cow he sold him t'other day. By jingo, he said he'd do it." | "Well, look here, Jack?if you want to court me you better do it as a white man does that thing?not aet off there aa if you thought I was pisen." fA !* "IIow on airth is that, Sail f" I "Why side right up here, and hug an? I kiss mo as if you realy had some bone and sinner of a man about you. Do you suppose a woman's only to look at you fool you I N/j they a,re made for "prac* tical results," as KosBUth says?to hug I and kiss and such like." ' Well," said Jack, drawing a long breath, "if I must I mu*c, 4<u I do love you Sail,"?and so Jack commenced sli^Liog up to her, like a maple poker going to battle. Laying his arms gently upon Sal's shoulder, we thought we beard Sa| say? * "That's the way to do it, old boss 1? that's acting like a white man orter." "Oh, Jerusalem and pancakes !** ex* claimed Jack, "if this ain't better that) any apple iiass ever inarm made, darned sight! Crackee, buckwheat cakes, amp* jacks and lasses ain't no where, long side you, Sal! Oh, how I lore you!'' Here their lips came together, and the report that followed was like pulling ^ horse's foot out of the inire. We left. The Benefits of AuvERTtsuo.?In an? swer te a correspondent the New York Tribuae statu* that it is true, aa rsperted, that a Boston druggist who has a speciality now before the public is paying that establishment 810,000 a year for advertising. U says he paid 81500 for the insertion ef ene mammoth advertia ement, and adds o% tlio gcnt-ral subject : "Iloonor once pai4 us 8 b000 for one iusertiot^ of an advertisement in the Ledger. He knsw that by judicious advertising he could insure a foetune. The old prejudice among druggieiq and physicians ugmnat advertising is dying out, and they es well as others, see tha| the cheapest mode wlisreby they can make meui'i-ivcs sinu incir mvuicioe Known so the world it by a wine and liberal systen^ of advertising. Kkvival ok tiik Ckkdit Ststkm.?-> Tbe N. V. Independent says on this point in reference to tbe dry good* trade in that city : '.'The feature of tba trade now moet noticeable is the great increase of sale* on credit. The currency is not yet on such, a stable basis as to justify credits ; as, bo* fore the notes given fall due. it ia very iikeiy a cuange in ine atate 01 (ua money market may take place, to render pay* irtent of note* very uncertain. A change of the currency will be made toooer or later, and wbe&'it doe* come the ehoek will be great. The only aafe plan ia to well and buy for ca^h, until we get epecio pa? inent again." I'aujea Tumuliko.?The Pba>aix eaye that in Col'i nbia, prices are tumbling from, the giddy height to which they hat aaeeo* ded. For currency, prints are celling ak U3 centa per yard ; good brewn sugars at Id cente per pound ; flour at $13 per ber? r?sl, and other articles at proportionate rates We hope that this ie an indication tbat toe "good Uuia la foxing"- of which we bare h. arJ t$ (uunll \rnrlenill* The K*teigb Progress u;? that a par}? of capitalists from the North reached that, city and proceeded to Wilmiagtm^witk, the view of inspecting the timber lead (a that section of the Slate. It in isdMi, stood that the company has a large eapit^ lal with which to purchase the eeeeeear7v lands, provided proper indoocmenU atr^ offered them to do eo^