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the Can raster Cc&gcr. ];i) 1>I?1> A \T\IIT\f Tnm lo Ibe Prtw-iu Icemiiie Sliwl* *nrv?'j, i xt \ 1 \\- 4 at/^t' pw 1 1 j I 4 i l 1 i JlA U i"l llitf Willi ?!?? \i oiiiIi'ia of 4'urli iluy. | , \ I / \ ;\ ]\ ( p A /aniilj anil political jUtui5|m|itt?Praultit to tot Arts, Intuits, litrrntnrt. ifitaratiaii, Ajriroltart, Sotrroal Jtuiitiinnutnts. .Jurnuu unit Itatutstir Aleuts, nan tlit jihrktis. VOLUME VIII. LANCASTER C. II.. SOUTH CAROLINA. WEDNESDAY MORNING, NOV., 9, 1339. N U J| li E I! 39. i i? i\ ijiirr miTii i ( a ii i% h n/t i AultlUULlUliAb AUUlift05 11V HON J). M. BARRINGER. l>KLIVKRkl> IIMOttk TIIK MKCKLKNUURO AUIUCl'LTVRAL BOCIKTY, AT (IIARI.OTTK, N. C, OCT. 27 th. 18M?. Mr. "rrsi>.cnty l.adii* ami G/rntlemen, ami mr i-bcr* of the Mecklenburg Agricultural Society : ( ! hiii g'n<l (? l?e vviili von here In ilnv. 1 rejoice in the presence of this largo us RemWy, brought together lor -< coimnoii patriotic purpose, ainl aotu tied l>v the ?'iin? high idceMiivcs. 1 could not, in inv heart, Jiud a satisfactory excuse to refuse the verv Haltering request made bv the Committee of voiir Association, to ?ol> tire** yon oil tin* present occasion Mv judgment caused me 10 doubt whether 1 could ?li? either the ?nbject ur myself even a partial justice. It'll my imptil-es forced me Lo decide :ii favor of yielding 10 a Call uiHtle ill such ??I?Iii?111?X term-, to speak here to-dox, to ins ol<l friends, anil neigh I tors ami .ormer constituents, assembled from the old ami renowned county of Mecklenburg, and from the fertile and beautiful valley of the Yadkin and Catawba?a people hiiioii|! whom anil fo> whom I have spent the largest portion of inv life?from whom I have always received the highest demonstrations of coil tidence and leaped, and to whom, whatever lie my future destiny in life, I will ever cherish and acknowledge the profoun lest obligations of gratitude, admiration and alleclion From such an audience, familiar with my whole course of lite, 1 may confident* lv claim a liberal indulgence for anv int. perfe tion* which may appear in an An ricul ural Address, from one, wlio, though in early life brought up to daily woik in tlie fie'd, (which doubtless, pr no I to he as useful as any subsequent education I ever re-ehetl.) and who ha-* always been proud to acknowledge the true dignity of labor, ami to re-peel the culnvation of the soil as among the most honorable ami ennobling of human pursuits, has not hf?u m a position to follow It as the chief ami praciical business of his lite. 1 wisll in attest, by my presence lore, to <la< , the high appreciation I have of a funnel's lite and character, ami the lively imeie-l I t>ke in the cause of Agrieiiltu ral and Mechanical science and progress ; ami especiallv to encourage \ oil, fume's of td I Mecklenburg, nnu ilie rich valleys o! the Yadkin and Catawba, in the pa* tiiolic and z -alou- ellorts you are making to advance tour prosperity ami develop voiir niiii'i inn ami varied resources. 1 congratulate you, members of the Mecklenburg Agricultural Society, oil the success which has wtteuded your orgutii Zillion and subsequent etloris. Living a in mi; \o.? at (lie time, I remember ille ddHciillies you lia>l at lirst to encounter, ?lid the persevering energy mill patience w lli v%liicli vou overcome them. Yoii arc pursuing in ilia ri?;lil *pirit, the laud aide object of llie Legislature in Qitcour aoinjjeven l>y small appropriation* Ir on the Tre*?ur\, ilia formation of Aifriciiltii ral hhrcieties in the seveial Counties, as well as one for llie Slate at larjje. You are 111nft giving additional interest and support, and a noble prominence lo llie threat cause of Agriculiure, in one of the most effective of liie many ways by which tins good end can he atvoilip'islied. The gieal valu^j of these Associalioiia and .Fairs, as generally conducted hy us in America, cannot he doubled. Men, in telligeiit men. of public spirit and enter prise, planters, farmer*, mechanics, iiianu factnres and artists, encouraged bv the cheerful presence of other classes of *ocie ty, without distinction of birth or fortune, are hrouirht Uureiher. to see to lie ir i<i llmik him] to talk to each other on *?nl> jectit deeply interesting to themselves and of uifMiii.rib'e importance to all. Tlief come nut) net together in it spirit of coinnioii sympathy, of Iti^2It emulation and honorable competition, nlitl of the liohictl patriotism. Thev 'iiterchange ideas, re. late llieir own experience, a* well their failures ha sue e^te*, report discoveries nml make suggestion* on tlie cultivation of the soil MDtl how to force our tntiiher e irlli to j teli) in ?l?iiii<lniire, her hidden nnd myitterioiis Irenitureit. Thev nhow their iltljroveiiients in the implement* of huslotntiiy. and exhibit the lintidiwoik ?>f useful art, not indeed, for t>nle nnd traffic, hs in the old world, where the wealthy do not traterrnze w ith the poor, nnd where tli? ntletl, hy htrtli or crextiuo, '.on often do not feel and think in common with the lowly in life or humble Mutton, even though he he natures' true nobleman? an honent man. A lively interest in the chief nnd tuosi important occupation of UlMli Liltrl ift tm 1 activity ik arouted, knowledge in in crennnd nml the inventive geniua of the country .* nt iron Inter* and encoumged ; end no where in the world Iihk it prodtic* ed hucIi wonderful nnd useful result* to mankind, an in our own America; saving the linto, the money nnd litbor of nil who toil in the held* or the work?bopn, end cheapening the cn?t ot production to nil who are compelled to pay for the iie?en' aaries of life. I low often thin in ceiled the Hgeof improvement nnd progrrn*? though progress in not always improvement. Still we learn window even from the follies of innnkuid. Here, too, men ere mnde to feel that labor doet not de grade, hut ennohlen and exalls the lalior er, incrnsning hit own proper nelf re?pect, and neciiring the good opinion of (none whote approbtlion it worth having, either for lib > wn eharnctvr or for hin purnuit in l.f* Annuo/ the l.en?rt'? our Fair*. perlmpe, none i* more iinpnr> tHiil in h ?..cihI poml j( tiew nt leant, then ihnl, when lliua MMemUed together, we Jearn to know ht.<1 appreciate each other 4 ??mhmW?MI????????i ueiter. iiihI to led |nr each other. Made mure alike as a community, we love each oilier more, mid lemu how to cultivate t'ie affections of llie lieart as well as de veiop (lie mysteries and treasures of the EirtL. And in this good work we always have the cheering presence and elVecttial Co oper ition?the lovel) faces, bright eves and winning smi es ot the gentler and better sex, to help us on, and to huild i and adorn and keep, in more places than one, the true 'Floral II ills' of the Fair.? You, la lies, are i ways the fairest coutri Initio, to the Fiir. While we ilris ap prove and would encourage, in ail proper wavs, the est a I - i- 11iik'iit of Agricultural Fairs, il w to l?? hoped they will continue to l? so in imaged as to merit tli? itpproh.a! tioll r?f l|i? good Hli?l w |se. mid the geiicr ous support and countenance they are | now receiving The chief feature of a Fair and its most exciting ol jict of allraclion, ought not to In* 'list trotting horses' wtili fust men and soineiiins fast women I to ill i ve 111em. ns is gett'.no to lie tin* fashion hi some portions of our eoniurv, where tliev nro wo -t to |ire:ieli more and prae i tice less of morality, than others not so given up to "isin>" and most mischievous abstraction* hoili sacred and profane, ri ligious, moral and political. I.et us keep our Kail's from such tie! generacv and make liittm mora extensive I iv iis>-!iil ; and in this connection, It ha* { occurred to me thai it might he advan j tageous, ai maiiv respects, to send deh | gates and reports from the Cotinlv Asso t i-iat:oti to the State Society?and from ! tlie So.-lety of each S ate to the Socle* \ I and National Fair of tiie United State.* I ?thus disseminating, on a large scale I the great good which is done ever row J on .a milch smaller one. i i a i i '-"iijrum.il>! you, loo, ifonlleiucn, or tin* 111:t111t\-Ht pro<?icss which a^rieulttiM lias made in tin* last few years through : out all iIim region ??f ?mr State. Yon ar. having \uiir reward in a much lar^e product! >n Ir-nn the lid.la ami an incre is i jfeneral prosperity?in the ro-?t up precialioit of \? r lauds, and in the in eruased comforts ami l> >i pinoss of lioui" ' Mucli lias been il>?iu* -\et n ureal ?1 > I more rein lins i<> bo done ?in fact, lillli 1 has been ilone, compared with what on anil will I???, ultima.elv accomplished, l> restore the nature feritdtx of this boauli fni ami originally, verv ucli section of tin j State. The sir^m soil which our lather found and which attracted to in* possos sion ono of the best emigrations that set tied any portion of our country, has linen hadlv abused ami ne^'oeted and lias loiij since, disappeared. A new it nmtry?i spare population of pure ami simple hah it*?of lew wants?wi ll tiio nccessarie of life easily supplied by the most impel ! feci ami eaieless cultivation?Invnrie > they did not need or care lor. i reiiiem he' whan a boy in a store to liavo hear> I an a</ed illation, of I {evolution ary lime? w ho hud p.t?-isl her threescore and lei \ * ir* '*? ancestor ill a larjm .? ! re-pee t >! !?: poRl**irv in a 11?;v;111?? r111^ > mi.iv Hike ll a boast that slie lutil licvei wtir: h ca'ico tlte-s hi taken a <lost)ol 11111 *111c Homespun ;?in 1 health, honesty mn! pa j tnotisin, were the fa.sh'on then. Tliei ; In i ll wit lain themselves ami un then uu j mentis The low price of lainl licit ami hi lli? farther South ami Went?it very clienpne<s cnli-lati. ly imlucinjr ll. farmer to buv oilier alnl belter Roil, wiiei I il.e pii'tent was exit tiiHleil, instead n ' improving Ins own?tin: tlislurbance t ; tile itMVIlllllloll Milt' Mlllse?p|e||l pclio I II j hi our history?the constant stream c I emigration, which hat 'loiireil out fron | .oil Stale to all portions ot the Soiiili am J Weal ami above all, the l.tlal want, In so .ong a lime, of a jjo.nl ami a Hum J M'trkci lur ilie production u! ll?? noil I have i.""ii I'"' leading causes w !i:cl 11 it v ii r?-1 m r <!?: v I Agricultural Improve ; meats among us?hC'I entirely change* I l<>r the ?oiv, the original appearand j and character of our soil Hui its ba?e ' still remain. It* |irra?nl con luioi: mrtte Mini ?:?*m Ninln our utmost Hi-r til in \, car Mini intelligent culture. It may tie?shal I mv, it now being. as it assuredly wi ; ultimately be made l?y an improved ag ! riculiure, richer ami more prod uc tin ' lliaii il ever ? as. W e have the most, powerful ami urgenl motives to renovate this wasted soil an I "Store ami surpass the natural fertility of our fatherland. I he fatal causes of i pernicious deterioration are no longer u operation. Emigration lias nearly or quit ceased to drain us of our people an<] oti wealth. O.ir country is gradually fiiiuq up?and we are rapidly becoming an ok and a settled community?our land | throughout the State have more thai doubled?and in this immediate section j have tripled and quadrupled in value it the last few years. Our wants both o the necessary comforts and luxuries o life, liave increased with our increasing population and the facility of their grali 1 liration. The social |>o*iiionf as well a the prosperity of the tiller of the soil, ha? iuiiiii irroul lu iitiliaii<>A/l iitnrt* (liter I'V'V ...... nil, we r.ow have a ready and a gooc market for whatever we make. lly ' mighty power,whose agency was unknown to oar forefather*?a power which is rev olntiomzu g the world?tho cities on lh? >ea are brought, as it were, to our homei and the once distant and e*pensi*e mar k?Ma for our pioduce, are now at our doors The slow beast of burden?of tlesh nnc blood?consuming your substance, is re 1 placed hy the Iran Home, who fed bj fuel and flame, dashes on in his fieri course?day and no/A/?doubling the value of the hythandman's lalair anc rapidly transporting for a comparalivi trifle, the produce of the farmer and th< goods of the merchant, even alien thei sleep tti the repose of their Louies. The old fashioned waggoner who drag ged his slow length along in iln* <lav and sang ami danced hy Ins caiuplirea at i night ? x\ lio xviukx*d hard ? lived welt in his way?and too often died poor?a jolly, good man ? tour occupation is gone i ! forever ! And the brisk diayman is almost the only representative of your race. Olten xxht-ii a hoy have 1 gone along, xx 111? teams of four ami six horses ? with loads ol 8 or 10 hariels thair, or as many bales ot (Jotton ? small at that ? with va lions dairx ami faim notions to adil ? nfitlx all llllmlled mill's to t'nuwl.o. u.i.l more than as niHtiV more again, to Char lesion ? with asi absence of at ler.sl a ?rck lo one m.uket Mid three week'* So the laiti i ? subject to all tlie discomfort* an.I casualties ah-l losses which such an expedition must ainl <I. 1 encounter in i j those dais. Il Wii? like tlie travel of the 0 uHVitn m ihe desert, only rather more expensive. 1 lie return of the waggoner o| oi<l, with good things for home or new goods for tin- Stoles, was all event to lie remembered. The neighbors all knew it \ ?and the village was on tiptoe to wit ness and hail the arrival ot the cloth covI ervd waggons with bells on the horses.? Merchants were constantly asked k*A* ? the "new goods" would come and purchases were cautiously postponed tiil lliU grand event? as important and as weli known as :ho deptr'uro of the Merchant > hi those '.lays wall liorso and saddle hags 1 ?or Ins suck sulkey?or, a little later, in the old stake coach, to hiiv the boxes and the bales with which to load his por i lion of the returning Caravan of white ' i covered waggons. I have seen nothing i like it, except 11; Spain, when instead < I , four wheeled waggon**, draw n hy h*.r>cs, ' they have mules themselves, with their burdens on their hacks in single files of i serpentive ligure and extraordinary l**nglh slowly inaiclimg on tlieir winding ? iv io ? distant uiaiket )|i>w short a * time since the picture I have faintly r drawn represented lint condition of all this iegn?u of the Country :?now how changed the scene ! 1 In- merchant dis> appears? lit gone hii 11 lit home mj?nii??willi his new goods alwava on hand and I alwa\s coming, and vou have scarcely i noted hi- absence. Vour produce is sold i for full value at your door?or is sent to ? the sea side t" he sold and exported to *. (he oiaike'.s of the world 111 the shortest i* possible lime ami for less cost of transpor> latum than would have been rtquired in former days to shoe your horses to | >1111 il in wiici.'nns to the same inaiket. lteni e fluent as ?'iev ale to ail classes of (he ? community, Unltoids are especially so a t ? fanners?who are inoie interested in their ctiasiructioii to suitable points of -s trade, ilion all others together. Hut still with all llie.se advantages s ilieie is something?there is much for the f irun r to do here, lie must first restore I to the impoverished soil the fertility of '. which il h i> been robbed. Nature will li n it (.. cheated. Iler lived and .. ble laws will prevail. Kigs ami t;i-.??> ? will imt grow <ni tborns ami thistles now, a as cvi-r of old. You inu^t restore the lo>t ground. I liuik of the removal of i* the deposit of leaves and the debris of the I' forest for ages ?w hich supplies the earth n with moisture ? and a vegetable mould, ilo* accumulation of centuries so imlispen? sable to the soil* Think of the vast ipian u lilies of produce?of Cotton -Corn ? i? \\ beat ? Hay?and all the food for man f and beast which has annually taken (lie it substance from our lar.d ami the lasting n injury done them l?v neglect and bad sys 1 teiiis of cultivation, and can we wonder at i their present condition or bo surprized at d the woik necessary to reclaim them. Hut r you mlist not be deterred from the mag t nitmle of tbe labor reonired to perform it. ; This v .11 diminish year bv year, and day h bv dav. S'lidv nature. She will nromnt. ' Iv and hoiiiitifullr and kindly respond to I your frfl'ort* ?n?i your care Study her w want* a 11 I her ex purities. She must he s riot 11 ed and fed, and watered, and neither a m excess, lest alia sicken and perhaps die. e . The sooner you commence this work of I J renovation arid preservation, the better, i Helnv makes double the work ? it retpiirea - double tbe tune, expense ami labor to re> , store a lost fertility than to preserve the (soil when in a good and fruitful condtt j lion. I Mul \ou must recover, sooner or later, r this lost ground. You can do so and s make it e?en l etter for a permanent and i successful system of husbandry than wlien is our fathers first sa?v it. And what I sav r in this connection applies as well to the i whole State?as this particular region.? 1 Do not think mv farmer friends, that I > would presume to instruct you, as to the i heat mode in which this urea' work is *.o , he done. It is not nlfcttlBft, even if I t could, that I should enter TTito the practi f cal details of the best means of restora f lion or subsequent cultivation. You kno?v f belter than I do. I cannot expect to teach men so much belter versed in ag? ricullure ?but I may hope to enlist a sp r i it of enquiry and of active zeal, for that ) knowledge and improvement so essential I to lis successful pursuit. The fust?the ? 'iniifj 10 dm uoue, is, ni course in i retrace our step*?to enrich the soil and , keep it so, insteH<l of destroying it l>v s had cultivation ? or entire and ruinous i abandonment. Manures and C'ompoxf* ?the true philosopher's stone to the far.' iner, ruaku them ? get them and save I them : (iet all you can: waste none, study the various characters of different j soils and cro|?s?accommodate and apr ply the manures accordingly. The soil i j itself?and its adaptation to crops are I < constantly changing and varied. The a manure of this year may not suit next? a or may have then lost its fertilizing powr er. I here is no specific and permanent manure for the soil. But it is indispen i sable in some kind, to averv soil of the Karlli aivl every rrop of the vegetable kiii^'loin. No soil is inexhaustible. not oven the Mif?is-i|>i?l bottom. A ne^Wl-t ? <! agriculture has nearly destroyed the j*!m? Ht fabulous fertility and wealth of Egypt, though the Nile Mill runs and I tours her ever renewing treasures into the bosoni of her ancient valley. The food of a plant is from the air and the soil.? i The former is always in excess, the latter ; deficient. It is i t the improvement of tlm soil, then, we are to look lor that rap id and increased production which human support?ami progress and civilization demand, which could never be supplied bv spontaneous or natural growth-and with i out which mankind would have ever re maiued in a barbarous state, sustained I ntiiv bv tlm growth of the forest or uncertain of thy products of the chase This indispensably increased production must be oh'mned by aitilicial means?1 v ngri culture, bv labor in some shape or ??liier, from the fields and the pastures, lfv this labor mat. is to live : W hatever be the trade?profession or pursuit of life, the I sill.port of all must cotne, directly or in directly, from the Earth and it- Ullage.? , It is a deciaeof Leaven. 'In the sweat of tliv face .-halt tl.ovi eat brca I, ti![ thou return unto the ground " It was done in mercy ? to sweeten the toil o mm and ; oive enjovitient to hi- labor. And t'>:< ' sweat ol the face, i* the I? ?t < t all I'ett i'Zeis?wilhuni w hi. Ii not e-it!.. : w I ]i-it it must be as-i-ied to o If vou cannot uH'trd to buv guano, or pliorphate of bine, or gvpsam, or the va riou* ollim means in furnish iIt net -- irv ingredients in i r.Ji and puidm-irg s >iJ. v >n can ir. ike on \<i?r t*11rti<t t, I u ; your fit allies, that which will ?i ??ci ns j ve'l, | r->h:ih!v it (.'real 'leal better and ! which Is irn-r?' universal ami morecertain in its application, t tit it :?t n< t ?.tifii ; .,\ lint \ou iii'iliH and save avl get i:ir i< and put them 011 your land". Tlie?e, imi, in tot lie prepared for its proper reception ?absorption an<l beneficial influence. ? 1 lie ground must be well tended?mint be well and deeply plowed-in list be ma le porus and dry as well as rieli. J lie air iou>t penetrate tbe eartli, s tlial the plant tnav be sustained both by the or> ] ganic and inorganic elements which constitute Its fund, and whicl is * > essentia! \ to its vitality, proper growth and maturity. We must drain 01 irrigate the land I as its local condition may re-piire. >ur ! lands, however, in genemi, need more of the former, than the latter, louiliful and I em idiin 15 as the process is, and so indispensable, in many com tries, misapplied j with snflieient moisture, like tlie Southern provinces of Spain where it is still piavtie j ed as taught by the Moors, Drainage, too, is now necessary with ii<, not only for the soii, hut the health of the country. \\ hat a change in this important respect would a go.nl system of drainage and a high eiilttvalu.n prod nee tan-uglou t all tins region of country ! /tot-itiin) of crops, ist'io much neglectid with us. Ituic.val ?i the same crops illipovel i-lli-s the soil. It :s Well kllOWIl that our leading .-tuples, wdiiih we s > ot ten annually cultivate in '.ho same Isold, ' corn, tobacco, cotton at I even wheat rap iniv exnaust* tne suostince ?>i tin* earth, whose tenure ami comp< sition are <-<?n (inti:tIIV changing. Hv change of crop <>r re^tii g Ml fallow, \?o restore the lint ash ingiedients, ami fer ilize the soil again. Ami especially is this desirable result produced hv green crops, or gr.-en manures as thev are sometimes callu I. N iture must he clad and her favorite habiliment is green. *seo the wild prairie, and the meadow, the forest, tin; mountain and th<! valley, how green they are in natures rohes ! How beautiful and h-ivv bountiful Iter supplies forever renewing growth ami strength and multiplying increase, when uritonnched by the destroying hand I of man ! Use, then, t. it only the artdi cial and organic manures from the stable and limekiln and marl and guano, out restore the wasted, the overtasked and overwrought powers of the earth, by some uiucn tuvciiug, Willi IiIT HWII IH'rilJUIlU carpet of green and warming Iter into j new life ami activity, ami fiuitfulness.? It is these green crops, whether of turnips or clover,or other grasses,or cereals which so much adorn the Kng isli landscape ami enrit h i's soil ; ami it is tleir absence here which first ar.d most strongly impresses the mind of every intelligent Kntfliahman who visits our countrv and especially the South. When our fields are bald, or worn, whenever the Jr -at protection of nature given hv 'ho f>>M?t. and lire wild Covering of the field is removed, the hand of man should seemly, b'r i,s possible, wliat lias been taken away the element arv substances which have heeii t .xlitns ed ami which are ind ?pec? the ty ami fruitful mmlitn * v " We shoubl not forget, too, thai i>\ , sional changes of the cr p- we destroy llie myriads ol insects whi l? prey upon the fiuits ol our Inl or. 1 v ' >king away the food and depriving them ot the means ol an ever multiplied increase. A good far nitir snonia i>c r*?^?i>;*r, |< menial, systemalio, <*aref?l in all tilings. He lives and moves ami hold* <1 ?iiv converse witli ua tura, whose first great law is on/ir, order in all Iter sublime and g'orious beauties. Let llieru bean air of neatness and tidiness in all things about the farm; a smooth and clean surface to the fields ; straight rows ad Hug much to Its beauty ; good fences, clear ditches and fence rows, everything in good repair, ami in the right ' place, with barus and other buildings properly situated : and especially let there be a good, and comfortable and handuoiuo dwelling for the family home. Il a man cannot afford to have a large or an expensive Louse let him have a small and a cheap one ; but by all tneans, ' let it not he in the wrong place, or un- ' comfortable, unsuitable to tbe climate, not t<> say, unlieallt y ; a icecptaole and hi initiator of malaria Iroin tlic fatal effects of lotting wood and other decomposing vegetable matter; where the in* mates always sleep in the midst of disease and the certain causes of death ; ? with floors so close to the giounu tiial no air can penetrate or dispel the fatal moisture and malaria, and so exposed to the heats of summer and the blasts of win ti?r tlm! tnnrtt inntiov I - j .?? . |" ..w 111 i futiur ? bills fur pneumonias ami rheumatisms and agues and typhoids lliati would p ?v ten-fold, the cost of a bettor couslriictimi and keep it in better repair, wliilc the in uoceiit unconscious miua'cs wonder wh\ lliej" should have taken a cold or the fa ver and why they should be alii cted with such distressing maladies, while their neighbor is exempt, whose onlv advan I age is 'hat ho has spent some of Ids moiiev fur a heifter and more ccmSorta hie house for his family to live in. I regret to say that, her?. lofore, rural nichi tveture has been too inn di in-giv-itcd in our ^tato. Hut 1 lejf-ice to I ]i \ that we ara iiovr beginning to cultivate an im proving tas;e m this vciv impoi'.int ma1 ter ; that we are learning how, and arc becoming disposed to beautify and embellish our rural homes? ami to combine tl; iimThI w i i!.c beauliliil. Let no one ne i n.s ? !.u! as tar as n< s Ill, 11 1 llKllltl UO lll.-ll!- lint . O liVe ill, not olilv ti? eat a -. iii iii, hs some would seem 'o think. bn'. i sacred fi'i o. rem it i itily t<>r liiirli, !iin J, re!'g: -us i ! culture?full of cheii-hc I, life-thiiis > r iti mis around which ?1 ear iii**iin>ri--? innv cluster an ! cling with the fond* st a I lection Willi H C'lfl iti 11 (111 IIHMIMMIlO ill CVerV object wit It i ii it it iii I around ii?tin; ground*, the Iand the library, wilh tin- maps, tlii' drawings and the paintings, where tin1 heart an I mind are tron ml and encouraged to high impulse and imhle, generous deeds of patriotic duty am! t'hristian charity and iuve. Such should he the holm; of the American farmer, as far as be in ins pow>r : ami the poorest can do inmdi more to obtain il than ho at tir-t imagines. I never saw a funilv mansion, however humble in i;> size and unpretentious i's surrounding*, nestling in the shade ami under the bean liful fii'age of i ature, iwas Ii <:n tin-dust of tiie road side, with its green sward ol grass in a neatly kept yard and its i.ttie cluinb of trees or slnl-ly gro\e in front, with climbing vines and sweet s ent.d dowers about the door way. tlm t .st.-ud handiwork of a mother ?.r a daughter, o that lovely woman who, in the bckuiilu language of Sheridan, "governs us ail : let us leiide' 4hem perfect ; the more the\ are onligliteiied so much the in.>rf shut we be; it is bv woman that nature' writes "M tin* heart* <>f men"-- I say, 1 never saw siu'h n home ?wi,h such liar iniiin/.iii^ > .i-l? 11 !i . ii:it t r ?v *" !.* jii uui i a!ionl it, that 1 did, not believe '.hit tin inmate*, whatever their we allli or jh vertt ; Am not bettor anil wisei and I>hi>t : i Iliaii others. I have seen so:ne It lines they ?'er.? nut In)ales ? 1 will not <! *e rate Ilie saoie I name ? they were citing , and stirring jtluct s ? (liai iI v lit for that] ' of men, who were consumed l?y a vile and corroding avanee?steeled and i n cased, as with a oual of mail, against eve rv feeliini of human sympathy and love w hose income w as at tin- rate I '.li"U< tii<!> a vear, and whose oniv p'easure and consolation and comfort ounsi-ti-d in beinp able to co'int at the end how much lich *r they were lliau at the iioitinninjr of the year. No wonder that cluUli<*u ('fought ix|? in such miserable tenements, w.lhoiit comfort or refinement, too often v\ i 111 o 111 anv education, should seek the first op porlunity, at ioust such of them as ma\ liavi- been spared l>y constant disease am; ruthless death, t<? fly from a dwe'.ii iq which was not a home?and this, even r hirth place which had no attractions.? My advice tlien to the farmer, is first tf make and keep Ins lutnl rich?irnd i well, reject no imj>rot<emi nt htciiuse it r. vcir?;f it he founded on reason and fail j experiment ? and make his home tlo place of all others, next to the llhurch, ti 1 t>e loved most Sv his wi'e and children the Ixnne of their affections as well atheir interests, and where thev mav lean and cultivate a knowledge of all tin ! duties and trials of the life that now i: and tue blessing* ami bliss of that whnt is to come. If you teil too that you can not afford to do all this on as much lam as vou wish to work, then 1 sav, tern /..v.* and make it inore productive for tin lahir hesiowed. It is far better, on al 1 aei onT's, do so. Farmers in this i ri.uetn ' inerally, trv to cultivate lor i d. and to own too much fm ma and their profitable u?e. Ii - rt of Anglo-Saxon propensity foi inore territory. Since 'he day of (Jatc ami V-rgii the tiler of llie soil lias beer advised to cultivate small farms?though large ones may be praised and admired Among the Roman people, who always and especially in their greatest power an< glory, had, the highest appreciation o agriculture, the quantity of land to each citizen was restrited, at first to a few acres ; 0 or 7, then to 50, anil afterward; to 500. And he was deemed a danger ous citizen who was not content will what the State allowed him. While w< would reject, as impolitic and unwise ami impracticable under our institutions, thii Roman system and its agrarian tenden cies, and let industry and economy reaj their just reward and accumulations ol wealth, yet it may be aafely aa*erte<l thai it it better for himself, ami much mnn for the cause of n skillful and improving agriculture, that lie should try to work no more than ho can cultivate well and at the beat advantage. Tf he aakt me ir. \ ;iiikee phrase, will tlii.s hi'jh furminy pay ? I wiil answer liiin, like a Yankee l<>?-*, by asking, does I'jtWtir bad funning , ever pay { 'l'o make more, wo must | spend some money, its well as labor on the farm. Kven the charming landscape . aU'l tlio beauiiful grounds wiii enhance the value of our lands, ll financial Ian- ! ' .gunge.it is a yowl incslmvut?and is getting !<? bo more so every day in our ' : growing country and improving ta.-de in t Agricultural life. It is better to improve an acre of ground and gel in< reused crops ^ to repay the outlay of monev and time and hibur, than to buv anollici acre that ' is not ami ma\ not Lie ncd'- ! ; to iio id < 1 and unproductive except 10 pay interest t?> him who peih ips loans tiiu money to i | make this unprofitable purchase. W it- j i , :i?Mi the vast product on suia'l latins near j. ' large cities, where llio h'gh price of land ' compels the highest cultivation. Ami ' look Ht I'm- must pro-^pirous, pow-rhil in 1 rich Slato ' I K ti'-'pc. vihi.-re a ilense population, ami tlie pressing nc< i-ssi'ics of lr.iu.au lite stimulate ilie most skillful ' iiit'. m .ei.1 'lie agi'i alt .re to produce the late, .t amount from the sinaiiest o-ianli- < ty of soil. In this country w.< car ail have. In o>ti own ii?'ht, il v. ; desire il, ^ im-re or !e?s land an.| in -alii.- - nt iiuam 1 , , tit\ for all agricultural purposes. And , ( heie is one of the most potent reasons and inducements why so tnar.v should i ..ad do put-m tliis mode of iue. We ' . i I no . tenure, iio primogeniture. .o . -'i il lilies, Iio oppressive -vs ' in - ! tel. >iur-. Wo have that security | a'cH'st in the soil vv liich . are -s i . s-e.'ll .1 to a gti.'ld Ugl iiMII'II rt} on the pai t of the owner, vv iio cither labors in ins .1 ..r has it done hv others ; an I as to producti n, sin i, is >.ur ai ninl nice an I ill'* waul "I li11:t rind economy it has produced ninotii; n*, licrolnt i<-, that the ' waste of Aoiciica would l? 1 the poor ot Ivjiope wl.ii a!.- i*ii'1111r<i i>\ mi .l a i lie time Ins C"iiiu, c'litieineii, when j we v .r_v mill a id to our products, adapting 'air ?iiffiM their ctiUnri1 I" l! v>il ;.ii i i . :nuV and mention in which v aio situated. I know ihii whi>!c ic""' ti <>t llif Siali Weil. 1 have liaVeMvd mil ever v p.nlion of it, in iha public highways, ami in the private roans. Ymi must m?t suppose iii.it 1 have been an inattentive observer and ilioii^lit < I liolhii o l.u; tin- best way lo lm.il a pontic.ii an I ami ni?t en the < ifin ia' Assembly > ! the Siatc, v/i the National i i>i:i?r???.?. I have ti .?vcil''>i much, nU >, both in tail nwii iiinii'rv and abroad ; and il is no empty it> d uniiii'.iiiine praise wli. n 1 ! Mil. thai I'lir Varie'v and mi 'in.il tmii'iin ! it lit I .-niiHtittiil cstji.-i/uv ?-f tlio si'il ?tor ; r\i l ui-i.t c of r m ile, Mired to a im - an \ production t ! .iiiv t> oiiH'i i'? region c>{" 1 tin- i'.trtli, fol v.iluttli'c Vfc:? ? ! powel, Mill > itinera! wealth,- for In . ;iftii sue. ? i i? 1 11! o. iit . - ope, hikI v;t'i?-\s and pi tins, ? toi power* of it high anil ;m|ir >\ ill'.'i' iii ( tui.', sii-titiit:t very |>. |. 11!;t'i< 11, ? ami tvitli ft people themselves iiitt*. gent 'in i j oil i' -jiii tell, disposed to i1111.ri-\e .H i dmui^' liii-ir means it 11 I iid\;tiit.io. -i i.t jtonilion. I have rarely StC'U this val? . I '\ of ill'' "t I lit II :ill(i (Vl twh.l Mill coil" ' tiguoits e<.tinii?s, suipassc i, l.\ any siin;| 1 lar extent of countrj anywlieie. If for i the last cuir.urv, it had enjoyed the samo facilities ot transjioitit'.ion ninl intercourse it now has, wliat a garden spot of Ami, culture i' would liow he! Hut the Kail t I toads /mi'f coutr at la?t, and morn am coming, as many as voii want. 1 h- pe. \ And I sav, (io<l a pi('</ tin cur its well </,s the plow, lake the j low, it makes the i 1 'jrowul rich and brings the means ol budding more School hones. Ii.deeii, ihe lli.ii i v > 1 ( .ir ? t ?<*! t is a </r tit teach/r i/hi Scht/olmtmlrr. 't sets people to and gives now leasoi/s in lit'.? The Car is the peculiar friend of thejar* titer. lie is in<>re interested in its arrivals ami departures, ami in the certain!) of its rapid transit than ail others hcsiih-. II > ; lands are increased in value and piodiic livenes*, and he saves lime and money in a piiek and cheap transnortaiion t>> market. I have said the ^nil KoaJs Inti'C come, and it is your dn^Mmd interest to find out and do w ha^^^^^^B|liis changed condition <<( arsi>'>t and multi/'lv vonr < rops/^^^Wie Corn and t 'otton and W heat and other productions mi.I continue to pav, there are som other things in sur'l a country as y? u have, that will pav too. Tint high price i f t'otton and still h oht-r price I labor. are taking much of the latter to the farther South, whore th's (front Malle can l>o male in (greater nhun laiice and at cheaper rates. After a while, an 1 must pi hahlv, soon in I North Carolina, we aha!! hegin to he . forced into llio cultivation of other and > more congenial crops. Fruits ami rei/c tables are already receiving increased att t? ntion. I saw last week at the State r Pair in llaieigh as fine fruits and vege ? tnldes especially Apples and Pears, l>eets i r.nd Turnips and Onions and t ihhage i mi i rimn i i iuh'i anil in tw.-iotis, as . j have ever heen shown in like quantity. , in the United State*. I have the means I ?.f proving tliat during the last year, the f cash return for fruit fcrown in this Slate, i was nearly a half million of dollars. This ? may l<e put down ss one of the many j benefits of Kail Kroads, enabling us to ( ?. avail ourselves of the advantages wo have i over the North in climate, in short and i mild winters and in an early crop. All I we want n >w j? a hotter culture, more * thrift and economy, and a persevering in duatry and energy. Wool, too, in an in> creasing product in North Carolina, and f I have seen the Shepherds crook and dog I in many a region where sheep-raising j and wool growing were profitable, that f looked more unfavoaable for that purpose c than this section of our Stale, and espo I dally her mountains. . JCoHfli.rnsn astr W?t.| "If A Body Meet A Body.-' If ;i foil, r r?i'cli a tvi < r lairviin* oft l?is wood, should a teller w hale a teller if a viler could ! ? (i'crman town A'mjjorium If a I >ody spy a l.o<l v ercepii g round lis lot, shouldn't a body trial it body to i loud ot sliot f?Norwich iVficj, Jt a 1'odf i itb a l ody stealing It in old ryv," shouldn't a body kick a l ody ill a body t iy I ? ( inciiiiiuh J.ikju.iter. It a body citli a b<alv stealing bis Kx press,' shouldn't a body seize a body iud try to get redress 1 ? l'lUrsbury Kxhi sx. It a body waiit a body bis store, to la'rohize, b! ouidu'l a body pay a body noney to advertise 1?Lynchburg Kx~ tress. If a body see a body propriato his bat, boiild a bod\ kick a bo .\ just for doing bat 1?Stor. If a bods ealtli a 1 ody stealing all liis liiekens, .shouldn't a ?' dy J:ek a body ike the very uickeiis \ ? CiuUr Jjcmo nit ll a bodv should hear a body say 'I i iv tny piiii'ing hi:!,' wouldn't a body itaie at a body lor such an expression of xiil ' ? Snitiml. If abody enteh a body stealing all b:;s torn, shouldn't a body make a body wish . .< waMi't born I?./ ?? <'wo' (iii^i tte. ll a body spy a body 'loliu' oil nis goose, shouldn't a bodv ling a body like the very deuce??.1 fount Wrnon $(<ir. If a ho l\ ask a Nodt to lake the conn* try news, should a body to a body say 'I beg you me ( x it?e ?'?Heme Journal. If a body catch a bodv stealing bis . . ... i .e i > VI.;.--. ?.i;i, II ;i uotjy 11 a It I it UOllV Would if I u a jtiiy ??C'lnss City. I; :t I n!v should insult n I Oily upon l.iii or level, shouldn't :t body lloir n body like the very J ? 1 ? JVt*H'hvrry Sun. k.x ukui i:\ck wnii a Nitvv Sr.r ok ! i.i.i ii ?\\ t 1;:ivo been very much iimust .1 hi I .stoning lo an itCMUHiulance of ours when tb-st-ribii'ij It is expeii?nco with a new M.-i of teeth. li? reiiiAikcd; 1 biivti biiil a i ii.\ teeth pulled out, for to to'i tlie truth 1 think they have been ;t it. i mj to iiu- ii ways iiittier t It an it hless:ii_'. Now, ii. tlii r place 1 bate bail false ones put in, and 1 n.u.-t uli you my exp. i iei.ee witli nt\ i.t vv maslicAlnrr. I ie'.i, \vlii'i. tbe 'set' was fast put in, as though I bail a covij .e of w iu elbaru.ws full of paving stones laying mound locsc ::i my mouth, ai.tl it seemed as if they wt-r? going be spilled out at every uioi tl> n. 1 in- litst ti;i\ I wailed till every one Lad done llieir dinner, not ti tling to make an exhibition i>l my teeth, and run the l isli ot tin ii snipping on the table.? Well. 1 chewed :t little iiiui s'.o|.pud,eliew ed again an 1 st j p and finally Weill lo in\ |. . in i.ltd laid the dinned things on the back pait of all upj it shelf, thinking tl.i-y wem no g". The next day I tried them again, I at with liille better success, and after this 1 would carry them iu my i... '..a ......... - -i ? - , VVVII1<<<IIII 1.1 1 1 " T Itiu lOIIIgSUIl, and ?v t ry time experiencing Rom? netv eiiii l.u.:. One day they would t< el as invch iikc a great hoise shoe. with nails in, as .ny thing ? se ; ii!t<i again 1 c< nld lie cei* tain that I hud a great ciicular wheel stowed under hi\ lips. Some of my exj.i'iieiice was v<i\ comical. They served iiioR'i t ::111v times and I was rather getlit g tired ?>l my bargain; hat my ptrgeveialiee, hate h.-coiiio liM-d to their wavs, ai d now tin y c itn.ol gel away from me, a- ! know just how to manage them,and how to Idle </ii liiein, and hless from the i e. toin ot my heart tin inventor of false teeth.'1 llviin, an old writer, furnithes eirdil . - o <4..mi ic:"-o! > u liv i vory one should learn how to sing : ? '}>t. It knowledge iasilv taught and nnickly learned, where tliere is a good iin??!er and an apt scholar. '2 !. l i e exercise of singing is delightfa! t > 1 at ore, and good to {reserve the lieal:li of man. 3d. It doth strengthen all parts of iho lieatt and doth open the pipes. 4lh. It is a singular good remedy for stuttering and stammering in the speech. 6tli. It is tii(? hoai means to preserve a pet feet pronunciation. Gih. It is the only way to know where nature liatlt bestowed a good voice. * * * * * And in many that excellent gift is lost, because they want art to express it. Vtii. There is not any music of instruments, whatsoever, comparable to that w hich is made ol the voices of men when the voices are good anil the same well sorted and ordered. 8th. The better the voice is the sweeter it ts to honor and serve God therewith ; and voice of inrjj is chiefly to he employed to that end. 'Sine* singing is so goo<I a tiling, 1 wish nil men woulii learn to sing." Mam people like newspapers, bill few I reserve them ; ul the moat interesting reading imaginable in h file of old trewspapers. It brings up the very ago, with nil its bustle nnd everyday affairs, nnd marks its genius and its spirit more than tbe most labored description of the historian. Who can take up a paper half a century back, without the thought that almost every name there printed is now cut Upon a tombstone at the head of aq epitaph T i 4