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\ *. gk * ' * * ' * ' rt^.. JP : * 4^. -$ . . '3 ^2 PER ANNUM* We&'Tcavc to unth7whvr"vre IliHcudi tbc wayi IN ADVANCE ^-J NEUTRAL IN POLITICS?DEVOTED TO LITERARY, COMMERCIAL, AGRICULTURAL, SCIENTIFIC, GENERAL AND LOCAL INTELLIGENCE. :^J VOLUME in. LANCASTER. C. H.. SOUTH CAROLINA. WEDNESDAY MORNING.NOVEMBER 22.1854 NUMBER 40 J AGRICULTURAL, j . " " * I Orape Growing aud Wii.e Making in America. 'Ours is not a eoilntry where there need i *bo any dread of 'making shoes for giants ! to be worn by pigmies." Public progress j .'goes by greal strides and with ;t shoe that tils it. Tlie "Total Abstinence" i wiuriwmd has no -awnier swept over the 1 laud, prostrating its frit.I* as well as clear j nig ?w*y it> nil a-.nuts, when, steady and i stiff, %: ones a healthful counter-breexe ol I "femperati:o not Abstinence," lifting the j ll.titaued vines an 1 once in ire eiicourag ing the plants of (rod's sowing aud sun ning to grow. As newspapers are not considered to upeair, formally, <x cithrdra, on points' connected with morals, we will not ipioto th-in up >11 tliis subject ; hut the Quarterlies nave each the weigut of a septa iguit, (every w riter having a seventy man power) an-l trout the New Vora Quarterly, contributed to, mainly, bv clerirvuien. we extract a siifnitieaut p.4.S>.4gO "The moderate use of wine would appear happily Adapted, in l<*ed, * to tue AiilhrieaB character. It would appe.it; eminently suited alike m refresh it in its energies, and to support it under its cares. An doited, as well as aii e\u iu^ted mind msy lie iieiietii led l?y its bahn*. I ago 0 say a, ?aiid better and more worthy authorities have continued it,?'Wine is a sj-ael f-nnli ir creature, if it be u>ell used Kveryiiiiug. of ooume, depends upon that. But we caiiuot for the life of us, see why it should not l>e as well used in America mm it in ?u Kurope. We need its comforts here, as well as they do there ; and we enj iv its couvivaulies with as high a zest, and as much within the b uods of moderation too. 'The tirst glass for myself,' as Hir W,hi till Temple s tvs, *tl?e second for iuy Irieu Is, tue iltird for good humor, and the fourth for initio euemiea,'? we can iuiu z#, not .only with impunity hut with Al> mtage, in all that sort of thing ; and t itfr Utvntg got. the.tug ? tt, know where to sl op ,?e we?l as may. There are witiw* too, of which it may he said, m the in vitikg words of sober and immortal Joint Mi i toil, "One ?ip of litis ?Vill bulletin* droopingspirit* in delight UeyntiU the blue of Ure..iu*. lie wise an I taste f And surety wo iu ty 'be wise and taste'? surely we .any have our drooping spirit* butted in deiig.it, as weii as tnoy,?pdeligut tilat 14 nil ilie more delightful beuiniw it in innocuous, spri ?i;iMg, *?? dtiCS iroiu that winch lieaveu gave to tuan, to make Unit a cheerful countenance, and to gladden hm heart. Yet, i* it, alter ad, up<>n more utilitarian ground*, that lite subject, iu connection wun the circumstance*, we have before alluded to, cliieliy commends itself to the alieiitiou of our public men, and our lUeii -of business. It is preeminently a practical ijnoatiuu ; and iv one that l?elongs immediately and emphatically to our age, as an age of progress. Whatever wo may have said of it sentimentally, wo have said by the way. It is a <pio-tinu of health, of moral* and of commerce ; an I it is so at once practically, forcibly, and importantly.' Tlie editor of the trierly puts in a pro-*autionary note, ui which ho begs his reader* not to Im alarnie I by what teetotalers would call the audacity of this article. Lie says lie has permit's*I it to be a* I dressed to his thinking countrymen, ha vim/ loin? wished that the lemi?:rai co 5 1 party Would expend their tore? in ridding of the dreadfully adulterated drinks by which the lower classes are poisoned, instead of Wearying the mora intelligent by their homilies and tirades about tee total i?nM lie add* that we have noil favorp able to the production of the grape, and air-ady- in mufauiure excellent wines in Ohio. And this liaa a remoter value, * a national product in the single fact #iltl which the writer of this article oiouid* his opening sentence. "It has #jver been found,' {he?ays) 'that a winedrinking people pre-wut the ujoat favorable ape uncus of humanity whether j>hy?ic*l or moral.' Wine is one of <>?*!'? gracious gifts to uau?designed, as wa |Jave it ou the authority of l|oly Writ, 'to 10 ike linn a cheerful countenance,' #h?t la to animate, to cxhiliralc, to glad den buu. Wo can not but look at this in connection with the physicaldeternwatiou of the American race, and ask, whether. 4Bon]f Oilier reuiui'MM lor tliw R>rruitlut>lo the ?uUiiiuc?>u of wino (>r alcohol I iU4V not be of priuiitrv vnlue. The inhabitant* of the wine drinking coQnirie* ere strong.-/ <?o?l tiueitUnr tbwu wo. Our b'oo-l^nt present, te>rrowe ujo*t ut? it* re lucrative infusion frotu the inllux of wine *treimihtfne<l constitution* from sheet J. L*>Wing u|x?*> the Catawba a* a force in it" f??*erwo for our threatened national depre ciation in llti* respect, we here great in * jjpreat in ptoenting to our reader* tome Information, ably prepared f?w the Home journal, with regard to it. A oorrueponiletit thu* write* t TBK CATAWBA OB APE. I Tliaa I '.I*Ml 1\1X OrntM ?i> Aral ilinvwal. 0 I n?s?r A*llt<vi|l?, Buncombe county, N. * ^,C-?robh.i, in III* ftoutll-wunicrn comer of tire Suite, now the bo;v<l water* of the vi #W?w-n ri^? $ *r <*nH i? *M ,IhP 4t A: > ' jlvi t -J .> m W? * m. . * Murray, about the your 1801 ; the grapes | wl wore growing wild in the woods in the I fr? greatest profusion. Gen. Davy, a Sena- St lor, in Congress, living at Reeky Mount, wl ou the Catawba river, transplanted some i lit of these grapes to his residence, and from i chi thence took a few of the plants with him i in to Washington during tlio period of his L?r senatorship?some time prior to 1810 ? lie From ur through him, the distinguished on M ajor Adlun. obtained some of the plants co and was the lirst person who made wine Ibi from tlieiu?about 1822. In 1825 he la sent some of the plains, with specimens '1*1 ol the wine, to Mr. Longwortli, of Cin- otl Citniali, to whom we are thus indebted for tei its first introduction in the West. tr; There are several other varieties of ua ue 11ve grapes from which niuall quantities of ra wine are made, but they are generally in - sp ferior in lu.my respects tu the Catawba ; du frmii Hi? wiiiu ot ibis gr.-tpu which bus It nudergoue simple fermentation, is nt.?.(? of the celebrated "sparkling wine" first in- eo liixiuceu to lite World at Cincinnati, in w< wiiose vicinity there isat the present time gr near 1.600 acres hi cultivation, producing |>|. an average yield of 300 gallons to the jn ado ; ilurin^ the pant season *on??* have pi realized a> high as 600, 700 and 860 gal e* ions to the acre. Our success in produc- ev iug wine from this grape is in some mea rv sure to be attributed to the greater le.igih (ji of our S-'asoiis and the character of our u? soil in this vicinity. It being abs-duleiv jet necessary in order t?? make wine from this lb or iiny other grape, that it should reach v\l thai degree ol ripeito** or maturity which of wjil furnish tin: requisite aiuounl of ku- us gar or saccharine matter to preserve the oo wine by its contention into alcohol in the cu process of fermentation. Crapes may l>e he considered <pnlo ripe enough for eating, J. j which woud not tio for wine making.? jj These wines contain malic acid, ami tartrate of potash ; the latter is precipitated a|, ii|H*u the hotloui aud sides of the cask, g?| and forms what the Germans call "Wein- r,,| I stiue," or witie sttine?in other words, the "crude cream of tartar ot commerce. It | is found that where pur pines, grown in particular localities, are more acid firm l(> sol He others, (although all of the simple, fr puie still wiue is slightly acid.) it max he , greatly improved by manuring the vines j with potash iu some simple form?unleached wood ashes lieiug its convenient i and effectual a manure as can be found; |(J the plant takes up the potash from the (U( soil, which neutral ires t lie malic acid iu , tile juice, and is then pieeipittled, leaving . the wine fine' sootier,.giviug the charac (tlj ler of age or maturity, aud depriving it lo in a material degree, of its acid or'rough' ,U) taste. w, UltP nTIHIf llDll a VMIM' /\L? \f AT\ run a I IUEI "lujii \jr .u'/?/c.rx.v* tai TION. tii 01.1 maids who are very tall, are, his- ; **' torically, the proper advocates pf the wine j *u cause ; fur Bacchus, born in India, and | l'" men- named Bola Kama, 'inarri'-.l (Sir William J one.i tells us) an ul.l maid iiauie>J ' 'w' Kevaii, ol' four millions of years vir?iimy, ! ao tali thai the hau<i?clapped seven times ' as could ouly just bo boar 1 by hor.' And, I *u instead of beiug au intemperate deity, | 1111 'Bacchus, who first taught liiem the art I Kr of pressing grapes auJ making wine, ruled India with justice au l wisdom, all 1 '^u was, after Ins death, adored as a god.'? i c'; So says Diodoru.s. The sujrerioriiy of France, Ir.nu the j lKl character given to her |rttople by Hie vine, w< exvit.J, (wmle ancienttiaul,) the jealousy ?(i ol iiouie, ttieu her inaslur. Under pretence of preventing famiue, the Kniper.r t'e. Uoinitiaii ordered vbe exiiriuliou of the cl vino, and llio turning of the vineyard*! ire iuto wtieal tioliiii?but the tyrant w us for-1 fro warned of his fate hy the furious people, j un in (he lines 'Wlwn thou shall have | gnawed uiu dowu to the root, (says the En VJie to the goal browsing among Iter pk brunches,) I still shall bear fruit enough . to for a libation to be poured at the iuiuio- I be Intiou ol our Emperor.' The prevention I cu of dearth w is but a pretence to keep en, Gaul inferior and tributary to Italy, and I Jo the edict was kept in force lor two cen- is i turies. l'robus restored the culture of an the grape. 'The restoration was one long | iia f. slivai of rejoicings. Onl men, women tin and children all united in the dohgliliul uij labor of regenerating the richest resource cbi of the laud. All seemed possessed with au a spontaneous eagerness to h dp in the task of breaking up the soil, digging Iren- wi ohea, and once more setting out on the hill sides, the cherished ami long-regret- eu ted plant.' po -Morally considered, wine is a remedy dr. and suhatilulu for a vice and a poison.? wli This poiul is very well treated bv the for Kevcrend reviewer, from whose writing H? vu the suhjeel wn nude an extract last tor sv^.1, . I.. "V ? " ."When we ure told of that which? r?t* ;Hhh?on, we think it is, saj^s 'heightens wli indifference into love and love into jcal- of ouejr into madness?often turns dm good- nu nat tired man into an idiot, ami lh? cinder- as ic into an use wain?gives bitterness to re- tio sentrount, makes vanity insupportable, tto ami displays every little spot of the soul op in iu utmost deformity,'?it is rarely wine ag, that thus fearfully operates, but alcohol; iai that fwo do not conceal it) Vhioh wlno art contains, and which ia iu aaaaoca and its op lite, but which, taken aa wine, vary eel- gu l<?m if aver produces any such sad effects, uii liters ia tha greatest difference between pa wine ami spirits in that, and in almost tat hwtnaf othqr ifyiut The one in that rio e> "dfl jB '* \jka th , .V*-'! lich 'strengthcneth man's heart,' resiles and cheers liitu ; the other is that rung drink' which 'is raging,' am' of lich it is said that 'whosoever is deceived uroby is not wise.' Wlien Cassio exini.s, *0, that ineti should put an enemy their mouths, to steal away their auis,' it was that'invisible spirit of wine,' meant?that which is taken, not so licit in the form of wine itself, as >f alholie spirit, and the substitution df wine r which has always been found so sain ry, both as respects health and morals, lat alcoholic spirit?taken (as in any Iter toriu than that of wine it undmibily is) as alcohol ? weakens and eon-? ids the animal fibre; and hence the rvous energy of different organs is genehy des .toyed. The use of such ardent irit, by stimulating the brain, and prolong a determination of bh?>d to the ad is considered to la; i principal cause appoplexv and sudden deaths in this untry. Hut it d*>ea far more ami far ir?e than this. It demoralizes, it <leades man, it destroys his reputation, it lists his character, it ruitis his soul. It i vice which deadens the conscience and nsiruies ine reason oi a m;?u, llierehv l?o?ing 11iin In the inroads of almost cry immorality. Wine, oil die contra, to quote .he word* of the present laticellorof the Exchequer of England, e<l in a senatorial discussion on thesnh t in haml, is 'one of the groat gifts ot ovidence to man; ami, considering i ?t a place it occupies among the means subsistence, considering how many r-lul and vvholesoine ends it subserves in miuciioii with hi* physical temperament, tisidering the manner in which it might used as a cmii|>eling article with nicotic spirit, tl wore most desirable to place within the. reach of ull classes.1 'This is the characteristic which wine nost invariable bore in former times? |*?ciallv when society was moral and lined. hut wo timy reet our case upon still glier giuuij.i. Wme, as wo have teen, ts .J?a|^is'u in?t only to eniifMif^ttt strengthen tnairs heart The sanitoiy sous lor promoting, she use of wine am the strongest hind. So, aiso, are rnur* and social. And a movement is going i in England for the reduction of the ilios on wines, which is stimulated, siuly, by such considerations. Tin* ember of the Imperial Parliament, lose speech have taken as the text litis article, has adduced some forcible iltntouteo tu support of those views, and enforce Ins arguments. lie quotes, for itattce, tbc opinion of the late Mr. Porr, wnoso statistical research and eom*pu Holts, as set lordi t:t his '1'rogresa of e Nation,' and other productions, have Lahlished Ins reputation na one of liiglt llto/ity, not only in England, hut all roughout Europe, and oven in America, ad bis testimony is conveyed in these i words : '1 have very little hesitation in giving it my opinion that to introduce the conniption of wines to the great mass of t) people ut tiiiii country, wuulii prove a cat uioral blessing.' 'Another well qualified opinion adred in that of Mr Laurie, who lias duifwl : '?he reduction of duty on wine would id to make the people more moral, aud ?uld he equally productive to the reve ie.' And in order to exhibit the direful efts of encouraging the use of ardent alliolic liquor in preference to wine, lie inkIucus the following stri ing passage nu an admirable work of Dr. M'Coric, on Moral aud Sanitary Eeonomy : The yearly tally for strong drinks in igluud and Ireland, allowing for the ein ?y incut of alcohol in the arts, ainounta tiny millions sterling, and, if tobacco added, to fifty-seven millions, all to se re a fleeting and too often moat ruinous joyim-ut. In a paper in Chamber's urnal,'Industrial (llasgow in 1M50,' it atliroied that a million sterling ia there miaily expended in lieastly excesses, If the week's earnings going towards ? profligate enjoy ments of a single (lit, while squalid wires ami wretched ildfen are left alike bereft of comforts d necessaries.' 'The eminent chemist, Liebig, is quoted tli forcibie effect^ when lie declares : 'Spirits, by li.eir action oil the nerves, shie a man to make up the deficient wer at the expense of his body, lie iws, so to speak, a bill on his health. licit mutt uiways Imj renewed, because want of meant he cannot take it up.? s coiuilir.ee hi* capital ionic id of hi* in? *t, and iIih retail it the inevitable nkruplcy oi' ihu body. Wine, at a loralivu, a# a meant of refreshment ion the |tower* of life arc exhausted, giving animation an<' energy where in tin* ui struggle with days or aorrow; a means of correction and coinpensan when iiiispropora.m occur* in nutnii, and the < rganisiu i* deranged in its traiion* ; and as a means of protection aiat transient organic disturbance?wine air passed by no product of nature or of ? The qobler wine* of the Rhine, and my of those of Rordeaux, are dislin ished above all others by producing a aiioent of injurious after-effects. Ill DO rt <>f Germany do the apothedtHea'ea NMlifiieuU bring so Sow a price mi in the h cHAh on ibo wioa; fof th? win* m 1 Lt , ^ 1 ft' *<&' f mBSmf m * llie universal medicine lor the healthy as j I well as the sick; it is considered as milk < for the aged* The commercial value of wine is directly proportioned to its immediate effects, and inversely proportioned to its disagreeable after effects.' Coming home, he gives the opinion, to a similar effects, of the senior surgeon of Middlesex Hospital, thus : 'The senior surgeon of Middlesex Hospital said, every one experienced in the < medical treatment of the sick, knows the great value of wiue properly administered. Its healing effeets are more marked in them than in the rich. In many lingering illnesses, when the stomach will scarcely tolerate food or medicine, we rely principally on wine for preserving the life of the patient. In a hospital, the wine merchant's bill is always a serious item of ei|?ense. In the Middlesex Has pital the average daily number of patients is 250 ; the averaged auuual consumption of wine is two pipes. Shaking tor myself, were wine cheaper, I should prescribe it more frequently than I do, in lieu of jiorter or spirits.' 'Testimony like this i? not to be gain s.tyed or resisted. It is that of scientific and experienced men, who speak of what they know, and testify of what they have seen.' A number of the Western Horticultural Review is by Us, in which the Cataw 1... i> rj.-.-ir.l.i I as ltavmir lixi.ti iiroiiiuiu.-xd the first among the grape*, t??r American culture, by the Horticultural Fair field in (J ucinnati, iu 1850; and, since that lime the popularity of, ?ud preference for, the 'still Cat iwba,' and 'sparkling Catawba' over most of the best of foreign hocks and champagues, have been of rapid spread iu our country^ It U among our national promises to rival or excel, the rest of the world, in wine ! The business view of the 1 matter is one which our practical country will readily enough seize hold of. Sfttiin&tM Of the Quauiiuo*, of Garden Seeds re?ulr?d to p?\?dH?%a certain number or' ' 'iunU, or to pjaut a certain quantity of ground. Asparagus?One ounce will produce , about 1,000 plauts, and require a seed bed of about twelve square feet. Asparagus Roots?1,1)00 roots will plant a lied f<AiJ f?? t w ide and from 200 to 250 feet long, according to the distance apari the plants are placed on the row. (leans?English Dwarf.?One qtiarl of seed w ill plant from 100 to 150 feet of row, according as the sorts may bo early or late. Roans?French Dwarf.?One quart will be Miilicieni for aliout 350 hills, and the same quantity w ill plant from 250 to 300 leet of row. Roans?l'ole.?One quart of Lima, White Dutch or Scarlet Runners will plant about 100 hills; of the smallest sort, one quai l will plant about 300 hills, or 250 loot r?r r. kU/ Beets?When sown as g ird cue. s generally how it, it requires at the rate of ten pounds to an acre; oue ounce will suffice for al?out 150 f?*ot of row. Brocoli?One ounce will produce from 2,500 to 3,000 plants, and require a seed bed of about forty square foot, Brussels Spruutfi?-The same as Brocoli. Cabbage?Early sorts the saino as Brocoli J tlio late ani Savoy sorts will require a seed bed of alaiut sixty square feet. Cauliflower?The same as the later sorts of Cabbage. Carrot?Three to four pounds are required to ;?n acre, and one ounce will sow ubout 200 feet of row. Celurv ?One ouure of seed will produce about 7,000 or 8,000 plants, and require a seed bed of about eighty square feet. Cucumber?One ounce of seed will be required for about 150 bills. Curled Cress?-One ounce of seod will sow a bed Containing sixteen square feet. Kgg Blaut?One ounce, if properly managed in the seed bed, will produce from 2.600 to 3,500 plants. Kale?The same as Brocoli. Endive?One ounce will produce about 3,500 plauta, and require a seed bed of about eighty square feet. Lock?<'One ounce produces about 2,000 or 2,300 plants,and requires about sixty square feet of seed bed. Lettuce-^-One ounce will require a seed bed of alto'ut 120 square foec, and will produce 0,000 or 7,000 plauta. Melon?Uno ounce win no KUincient lor abiut 120 hi I in. Nasturtium?One ounce will now twenlv-live feel of row.p Onion?From four to five pound* ere required for en acre, when raised for the , bulks ; ouo ounce will sow about 200 feet of row. Okra?One ounce will tow about 200 feet of row. i Parsley?fti< or teven pound* are re- < quired to the acre ; one ounee will tow | about 200 feet of row. Partnip-r-Frora Ave to til pound* ere generally sown to the acre ; ouo ounce , will tow about 250 font of row. l'< |>p?ft?One ounoe will produce about 2,COO or 2,500 plants. 1W?From one to two bushett are | generally required to an acre ; one quart of the smaller sorU will now about 120 [ trfe* 4 -m ? 4 ^ * feet of row, and ol the larger sorts one quart will sow about 200 feel of row. Pumpkin?One quart of the common tiehl sorts will plant from 500 to (iOO hills, and, of the finer garden sorts, one ounce will plant about fifty hills. Kaddiah?From twelve to fourteen pounds of the early spring sorts are required to the acre, if sown broadcast ; but half that quantity is sufficient if sown in drills. Of the later sorts five pounds to the acre in drills, are sufficient. One ounce Will sow about one hundred sqtiaCe feet. Salsify?From five to six pounds are generally allowed to an acre. One ounce will sow about 150 fuel of row. Spinage?Cultivated in drills, from seven or eight pounds to the acre arc suf ficieut; if sown broadcast, doubls that quantity. One ounce will sow about 200 feet of row. Squash?One ounce will plant from fifty to eighty hills; according to the sorts and size. Tomato?Oucounee will produce about 2,500 or 3,000 plants, and require a seed bed of about eighty square feet. Turnip?Kroin one to two pounds are generally allowed to no acre; 0113 ounce will sow 2,000 square feet. | Water M elon?One ounce will plant from forty to fifty hills. - On the Useleisnessof Check-rein. ' It is said that when his Majesty, George 111, witli a view to some improvement m military Uniform, asked a lite-guardsman who had dene good service in the battle of Waterloo, what aortof a dross he slioud prefer, had he another similar battle to go through, he received for au answer, 'l'lease your Majesty, I should prefer my shirtsleeves.' Now, though we should be much surprised to see our cavalry regiment turn out for parade in shirt-sleeve order, there cau we doubt the life guardsman's principle is a sound one. If a man w ml* to do a bard day's work?if he Wants to exert bis muscles and sinews, either in walking, running, fighting, digging, foiling trees, or carrying weights?lie must have those iiium-Ios free and Uncgnfiiiud by traps, aud ligatures, and light clothing ; no one can gaiusay this. l?ut how is it, then, that a principle which every one, whether a soldier or a sailor, farmer or a laborer, would insist U|>on in his own case, should he, in Eugland at least, so iiuiveisally disregarded in the ea*o of our hardworking, patient, and too often ill used beasts of burthen! Ilow is it that the ignorance of 'common things,' which Lord Adihurton so justly complains of, should be so lamcntaidy conspicuous in :i matter so constantly before our eyes, in our towns in our fields, in our crowded streets, in our rural lanes: namely, our draught-horse appointments ! It must bo owned that one class?all honor, therefore, be to it?tbat cab and omnibus proprietors, have set a good example in one re-pect, viz: in doing away with that hateful instrument of torture, the hearing rein. But alas ! in ninely-uine carts and wagons out of one hundred, (carts and wagons, which are to move at a slow and steady pace) we still persist in crippling unnecessarily our motive power, and gagging our unhappy horses by tying up their he els, as if la tiio very tyranny of wantonness. On the continent the bearing rein is rarely used, and then only as a servile English imitation; 1 : 1 ?:? 1 i--s? i#iii 111 iiurw i.m iiil;, iiiiiiiui^, uursc'iuvin^ Kngbuid, il must he confessed its use is all but universal. In Yorkshire, in the iuid land counties, in the southern, up the steep hills near Scarborough, as up the not loss steep dowits near Brighton, we may see heavy laden wagons at all hours of the day dragged miserably along hy horses?on one hand urged forward by over-restless whipcord ; on the other, as if in the veriest spirit of contradiction, curbed in by senseless bearing-reins; and yet if the attendant carter's Iteiition be drawn to the unnatural cruelty of the proceedings, lie generally, appears fully alive to it. "On seeing, the other day, a poor horse tugging away at a cart full of sand up the dill at Brighton, of course, with lus head tied tightly to his hack, we observed to a laborer near?'What a shame not to undo the bearing-rein with such 11 load I" "Oli yes, sir,* was the reply ; "I likes myself to see 'em fr ?e, hut it'a custom, sir, cu.toin; they thinks they looks well." However, it is to be feared the truth is, thought has little enough to do with it; if i>eot)le did think, the davsof bearimr-reius would soon Ikj numbered. "The folly of the practice wen some year* ago very ably shown by Sir Fratici* ileard, in hi* "Hubble* by an Old Man," where be commuted, most Unfavorably, our English custom* of tying tightly up, witli the German one of lying loosely, and both with the French ore of leaving the horse's head at liberty?(mid a man of hi* shrewdness and observation, a distinguished soldier, who ha* galloped across the South American pampas, and seen there herd* of untamed horses mall their native wild uses and natural freedom, is no mean authority.) Now, he bat iiMntMpt most dearly tfcafc when a horse fawaTjnal work to do, whether slow work, as in oar plows snd carts, or qaiok, as In tb% ,ls*t gallop or in head long flight across the plain* of America, nature tells bitu not to throw bis bead up aad backwards towards his tail, hut forward and downward, so as to throw his weight into what he is called upon to do. 'This is a fact within every one's observation ; we have only to persuade the first wagoner we see (he is sure to have all his horses tightly borne up) to undo his bearing-reins, when nown will go every horse's head, so to relieve the wearisome strain upon his muscles, and give the weight of his body it? due and natural power of overcoming resistance; and thus each horse betionios enabled to do his work as comfortably and easily as nature intended he should do; for nature never inten ded a heavy animal like a cart horse to perform slow work only, or chiefly, by strain of muscles; but, on the contrary l>y the power of weight as the rule, assisted by strength of muscle as the exception, when extra resistance has to be overcome. 'Thus, when we curb up a horse's head with *ur senseless bearing-reins, and make hiin as ewe-necked as we appear to do, we are inverting the rule hikI order of nature; we are evidently trying to prevent his using the full unrestaiucd power of his weight, and are compelling him to over-strain and overexert, couslauily, those very muscles which should be kept in reserve lor extra difficulties?such as greater inequalities in the road, new laid stones, ?ke. Now any one can see that, to an old, worn-out, half starved, over-worked animal, as too many, aye, by far the greater proportion are, this must bo intolerable cruelty. It is a mistake to think a bearing rein can be any service whatsoever, unless, as a very exceptional case, to a very young, headstrong, unbroken horse. It is a mistake to think it improves a horse's appearance ?nothing contrary to nature can ever really do this. It is a mistake to think it can ever prevent a horse's failing down, though it has been the means of preventing maiiy an old otto recovering from a tumble ; but until our horse-owners be taught to look at this matter in its true light, the light of common sense, and until it be tuken up the iutlueulial land ow****** *?ul uiovu enlightened aud uiore considerate of the teniur-farmers amongst us, it is in vain to hope for any mitigation of this but too-unjversal cruelty. 'Hundreds of hiuuaue men, employ ers of horse lab^r there are in all our counties ami towns, who, if their alien lion were but called to the senselessness and cruelty of the practice, would at once sec the necessity or the only prompt remedy ; aud in these go ahtyid days Prejudice and Custom have but tottering foundations ; the one is fast yielding to common sense, and Lord Ashburion's much-to-be-dcsired "knowledge of common things aud the other will not long Ml.'iiiii it< trrmiiiil ir li*i? liimr more than the prestige of mere antiquity iu its favor. 4,We, ourself, have entirely done away with bearing-reins among our own heavy dr.iught-horses ; though our carters were at first rather astonished at being desired to discard thein entirely, and subst tuting a loose halter or rein at one side instead, they soon found that their horses were not a whit less manageable without bearing reins, and that they did their work with far greater ease to themselves. "A great friend of ours, who has turned the sword of a dragoon into a plowshare, and has paid great and successful attention to farming affairs, gives it as his opinion that 'a pair of horses, when freed from this useless tackle and left to step in freedom, would plow from an eighth if not one-quarter more land in a day, and with greater ease to themselves and less mtigue when the day's work was over, than when confined in their action by bearing-reins.' "It does'appear not a little desirable that improvements shoual be made generally in our team harness, so that all unnecessary weight and useless gdar, bearing reins, Ac., should begot lid of ; and per haps if the Royal Agricultural Society were to offer a prize for improved harness, ana give trio sanction ot its authority to some improved type, we might hope to see, ere long, a great and beneficial change in this respect. Change is by no means desirable tor its own sake, but the change from a bad system to a good one?from a bail to a good implement?cannot be otherwise than advantageous to the community ; and it is only hy observing and obeying nature's laws that we can bit upou improvements which may be real and lasting, whether in mechanical appliances for plows, carts, and harness, or with respect to the practical details of , scientific cultivation, or the condition atid household comforts cf our Agricultural laborers. Agriculture fosters and embrace* in its maternal grasp the knowledge of high Hnd nohle sciences as well as that of 'common thing*;' aud it is most unreasonable to h<>pe that that powerful Society, which pre eminently represents the influence, the talent, the enterprise, and the humanity of our Knglisli agrictil turiata will, among the thousand and-one other improvements, which it has introi duced and is introducing, not deem it fa nealh it* notice to throw the energy of iu influence against the unnatural yrttem of bearingffeinv."?Journal of Royal Agricultural Society. lieu never talk*amongst each other about their babiee ; women always do.? With the former it is the padlock ?' ersation, with th? Utter the staple. ? f w M W L? ^ vm* Anecdote of Gen. Jackson. We remember, it few year* since, #avs the editor of the West Chester Republican to have called oil Mr. Bucliai.au, in Philadelphia, when a number of hi* political friends were present, and the conversation turned on the character of Jackson. A gentleman present said he went one aiorumg to the White House, daring the stormiest period of his administration, and being on very Ultimate Lcitfls with the Piesidenl and his faiuiU , the servant ushered biin into tlie breakfast room, where he found the old General seated at the table with two beautiful children clinging around bis neck, and he remarked ihut the affectionate sceue, with the curling locks of childhood mingling with the blanched hair of the venerable statesman was a beautiful study for a uainter. Mr. Buchanan Raid on that occasion, that he considc ed him the greatest man lie had ever known, and yet he considered it difficult to point out any single talent that was remarkable, lie was not a student in any department of learning, seldom reading a book, unless it was the Bible, au 1 yet when subjects were introduced, which from his habits it was supposed he kttew nothing of, he always joined in the conversation, and astonish *d ill >se who knew the dally routine of hi- lift1, by his clear views on tne question discussed.? He considered that the great culminating point in the character of Jackson, was his thorough acquaintance with human nature. lie read men by a kind of intuitive perception that was almost m ailable, ami those who went from his prescm-e felt that he had fathomed their characters to the very foundation. Instead of being a rude and unpolished man, as many have erroneously supposed he was considered by all who knew him intimately*, as the very perfection of a gentleman. His maimers weie courteous ill the extreme, and to illustrate ibis fact Air. Buchanan related a striking incident.? lie said, 011 one .occasiou, be icccived a letter from an American lady, jusi returned from England, wbo had a dauglru r married to ?n individual of ln'ifh ri.uk :? m011 <g the English nobility. In her note to Mr. Buchanan, siie informed him she bore a message to the l\re?ideut of tlio United States, from William IV., arid she desired him to accompany her to the White House, iu order lint she might present it in person. Mr. B. obeyed her request, ami they went to ilm President's mansion. He excused hiiuseif tor a few moments, and went to the private room of the President, where he found him ill the most wretched dishabille, lio was clad in an old grev sartout coat, a oir.y shirt, his beard long, and tncro.vu all, was smoking an old blackened pipe. Mr. LI. acquainted hitt) with the fact, thai Mrs. was in another pa l "I iltd mansion, \Vitli a message to him from the King of England. He was fearful the old reneral might wal. down -tairs to receive his visiter in that sorry plight, and therefore suggested to him whether he had not better arrange his dress an I shave, llis renlv was. "liiieh man. I one.i kmov n " TV ' ' . . ~ in .11 who made a fortune l>y iiutydrujf Irs own business?go down stairs, and say to Mrs. ?, I shall be happy to wait on her presently." lie left the apartment, altd in a very short time the old gentleman gracefully entered the room, dressed in a suit of rich hlaek cloth, clean shaved, with his tiue head of white hair carefully brushed, and received the lady with the greatest ease and polish of manners. She h ire ~o hi -it the kind salutation of the IC'ng, with a request that he would, after the expir.iliou of his Presidential term, visit England.? On their n turn from the White House, * > 4 the ladv expressed her high gratification, and pleasure she had derived from the interview, and said, that she had visited every principal court, in Europe, ami mingled with those of the highest rank, l?ut that Gen. Jacksort, in all the attributes of gentlemanly courtesy, and highly refined manners, excelled evcrv oilier man slid had ever met. "What's is a Namk I"?A goo I ileal more, we tliiuk, than Shakespeare imagined. We were somewhat struck in this particular tlie other day, while glancing ->ver a Catalogue of the Graduate* of the South Carolina College from its foundation to the year 1834. Tncro we saw C. J. Coloook (tho well known oi l judg*) rtritton out almost in at range eh tractor*, thus: Charles Jones Cole ?ck. There was Kot>crt Y. llavne rendered liobut Yonyue. llayne?Win. C. I'ro-to i wtiton William Campbell Preston ?J. I* Poli- a gru changed to James Louis Pe i ;ru-? C. G. Moinm nger to (JhriilnphQ>Utavus Momm'mg</r?I. D. W.iimer |> > >u ^ to Isaac Dounom W<lhersja?on ? Win. P. DeSawwure to William Font f> Sauv #uro?G. W. Dirgm to (Jeorji Woshht/ inn iMrjrnn?r. IT >?*ruiaw 10 r Hugh Vvardluw?an.I ImI, I >ul not WMfj. R. ?. W. AlUton to A|4ic.-,( Frofms Withers Allaton. *ir\\, Vow, (li?< rv.'i;. day r?. / ! * gonlfoinun Br? a* kwwihar in South |Ca?o> f linn m feoMimbold Wemlft. 13 ?fc tWe *i* ! Md yJ&oTomflBd, .? ?M th-,r lonjfthcno \ flow, in eooagti^ at tli? fiw.t if1 Tlinre utt * ?re?t many uta wilhoul t loug ^ J #* ' - TBf; : at <HR _ ? * V * W y* % LJh . 1 ?, ^ *u^