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4 : $2 PER ANNUM. We cleave to trutla wheie'erc she lendit tlie way. IN ADVANCE .. . . ? 'li% / _ NEUTRAL IN POLITICS?DEVOTED TO LITERARY, COMMERCIAL, AGRICULTURAL, SCIENTIFIC, GENERAL AND LOCAL INTELLIGENCE. ? VLU ME III. LANCASTER, C. H., SOUTH CAROLINA. WEDNESDAY MORNING, JULY 19,1854, NUMBER 23 || | TATTiir^TTn I ^ consumed nearly three hundred j polished irenileman. and aIwrv* in . -- -? w?* t MltiUMjfllAriMJUa. The Mature and Relatio&i of Wator. EXTRACT FROM A LECTL'KE BY PKOFFSSOR ORAI'KR, or TUB KEW YORK UNIVERSITY. No Uving thing can exist, except it contain* water as one of tbe leading constituents of the various parts of iu system* To so great an extent does this go, that in a thousand parts of human blood nearly eight hundred are pure water. The distribution of organized beings all over the world is to a very great extant rcgu1 o t Arl Ktv ? ? ~ * * * vj iv.-i ?uuiiunDca or scarcity. It seems as if the properties of this substance mark out the plan of animated nature.? Prom man, at the head of all, to the meanest vegetable that can grow on a bare rock, through all the various orders and tribes, this ingredient is absolutely required. Insipid and inodorous itself, it takes the peculiarities of all other bodies; ussumes with readiness the sweetness of sugar, and the acidity of vinegar. Distilled with flowers, or the aromatic parts of plants, it contracts from them their fragrance, And with equal facility becomes the vehicle of odours the most offensive to our sense*. We talk about the usea of water, and ImagineTthat Nature furnishes us a perennial supply. The common philosophy of people is, douUless, advanced no far as to admit that in some unknown manner this substance is created in the clouds, descends as rain for the uses of animals and plants; but whence it came, or where it goes, never once enters into consideration. Men constantly forget that in this world nothing is ever annihilated ; an atom, once created, can by no process be destroyed. The liquid that we drink to day has been drunk a thousand time* before; the cloud* that obscured the sky have obscured it again and again; and if the sorrow* of mankind are ?ui many as the philanthropise may well fear, he might suspect a great part of the ocean is, perhaps, made up of tear* that have fallen 'rom the haman family. In the air their sighs die away, and iu the ocean the gears are all lost* This using over au I over ag tin U a striking characteristic of the ways of Nature; the beautiful and the vile?the great and the atnail?are all mingled together the tear* that you shed in the depth of grief to day may be squirted to-morrow through a fio?? pipe to clear the dirt oft the street; or whistled away through the npie.ik of a locomotive to scare some dilatory cow otr the track. So much for the sorrow of man. W'liat then become* of tbe immense 411.ti1t.tica of water, which, thus entering us a constituent of the bodies of anitn.-tls, give* their various parts that flexibility which enables them to execute movement.*, or combining with vegetable structures, fit* thein for carrying on their vital process t After the course of a few years, ' ail existing animals and vegetables pass away ; their solid constituents disintegrate and take on other conditions, the water ! lost, perhaps for a tiiue in the ground, at last escapes in tho form of vapor into the ' air. In that greut and invisible reecpta- ' cle, all tracts of its ancient relations disap pvar?u mmgitw who outer vapors that are raised from the sea by the tun. From j the bodies of living animals and plants, immense quantities are hourly finding ' their way to the same reservoir. In a 1 crowded city, from the skio, and by the breath of its numerous inhabitants, clouds ' of vapor are eontinually escaping?we see 1 this visibly going on in the cold weather ' of winter; and, though invisible, the pro- ' cess is equally active in summer?the ee- 1 cape arising from the drink that we take, ! from all those various portions of the system that are dying each moment?for the life of an individual being is made of the succeasiv* of all its cc.utiiuvnt par- < ticlea. In the same manner, from the for- I est* and meadows, wherever vegetables i are found,wate ris continually evaporating, < and that to an exteul Car surpassing what i we at first suppoie. Iu a single dav, a i iiliSnijrAp rJ M ?1..? t ' ? vHUM?n?? MI U1IUW1 IfVtU I iU leaves, and other part*, nearly twenty < ounce* weight. How enorniout then \ must be the quantity which eacapea from I the surface of a great continent t Yet all t this is thrown into the air; and there it I mingles with other portions, some of which i are coining from living races, and some I from the decay of the dead, some derived < from the surface of the ground, and some i from the remote regions of the sea. It I seems as if Nature had taken sure means < that here all traces of identity should he I lost. The winds, proverbially inconstant 1 blow at ooe time from the oosUof Europe < at another from Africa, at aeother from ! Asia. In tho republic of tha universe there h a stem equality, the breath of the king intermingles with the breath of the beggar, and the same quiet atmosphere receives the exhalations of tha American tha European, the Asiuie, tha African; tM pMtyw th U hat a riaan from dead ia- i tarmiogia with tlioaa >A iba living; and aa | ii ikk wart not enough, lh? wind# aad l lawn?la obliiaraU avary dUtiactioa, and < 4mh ia ooa ootnrooo oonfaskw thaaa raliea I of ever* part of the globe. A wan of avaraga rfaa I raqniaw aUVtw vaigfataf wrtararaar; i fcan UImnM tie Merita* afttfc, i ' % 8a Wv ir lime hiqown weight of this liquid. These are statements which may seem to those who hear them for the first time very won* derful; and as they are easily verified, they might lead you to doubt whether die existing order of Nature, as dependent on the waters of the sea, could for any length of time be kept up under sach a heavy consumption. The human family consists probably of a thousand millions of individuals; it would be a very moderate estimate to suppose, that the various animals great and small, taken together consume five times as much water as we do, and the vegetable world twohuudred times as much as the animal races. Under audi an immense drain it becomes a curious question what provision Nature has made to meet the demand, and how long the waters of the s?a, supposing nothing returns to them, could furnish a sure supply. The question involves the stability uf existence of animated Nature, and- the world of organisation ; and no man, save whose mind is thoroughly imbued with an appreciation of the resources upon "which the acts of the great Creator are founded, would, I ain sure, justly guess ut the result. There exists in the sea a supply which would meet this enormous demaud for more than a quarter of a million of years. Such is the plan of Nature, and such are the resources on which she da pends for carrying out her measures. For the well being of her organized creations she can fall back a gigantic supply.?Wyoming County Mirror, N. Y. John Hancock. The circumstance attending the election of John Hancock to the presidency of the Continental Congress, in 1775, are thus related by Mrs. Warren, in her history of the American Revolution; The absence of the late worthy president of Congress. Mr Randolph, and the arrival of Mr. Hancock, at Philadelphia, at the fortunate moment, when the enthusiasm inspired by Gage's proclamation was at ita height, both concurred to promote his elevation. ^Ie was chosen to preside in the respectable assembly of delegates, avowedly on the sole principle ?f liia having been proscribed by General Gage. It was unconlily said by a member of congress, that they would Miow Mother Britain, how little they cared for her, hy choo-dng a Massachusetts man for 'their president, who bad been recently excluded from pardon by public proclamation.' The choice was suddenly made and with rather ten much levity for the nines, or mr in* dignity ot the ottice. Mr. Hancock's modesty prompted liitn for a moment to hesitate on the unexpected event a* if diffident of his own qualifications; when one of the mefplters, of a more rubust constitution, and lew delicacy of manners, look him in his arms and placed him in the presidential ckair." Fwm this interesting incident the read?r is forced to draw an inference, which beyond a doubt, is erroneous in itself, and unjust in relation to the persons alluiled to. It ix alumni to impute any thing like fear to Hancock ; for were he really Jficient in decision and firmness his acceptance of the presidency of congress would scarcely hare increased the odium under which he already labored ; be had preriou?ly passed the Rubicon, and had been long marked out as one of the first objects of royal vengeance. We must leek for some other cause for the backwardness displayed by this distinguished patriot, ou tnia occasion, and none offer themselves to our mind, natural than mod ssty and unobstrusiveness, which are ever the attendants of real merit. And eroelent and prominent as he was, he could dill say, with great truth, in refsrenoe to lis colleagues. "Never before stood I In such s presence." But there are other reasonn; Mr. Han:?ek was not the only member nominated br this office; among others, Benjamin Harrison was spoken of. This ^enUemsn ?ne of the innsi distinguished and sealous nen of Virginia, occupied a conspicuous Ulion, in our political ranks, froin the movent of his arrival in Philadelphia as a lelcgate. Inheriting a princely estate, vbich enabled him to indulge, to the nost liberal extent, the natural hospital iy of his character, formed a noble estab moment m the city, and kept what ? callid in the south, "an open bouse." Enhusiastic in the eauae of independence, tecided ia tbe meant to be enploved, and juwearied in the pursuit of bis object, bia Viends viewed bim,aa it is said, as a propsr person to preside, at ibis critical juncture, over tbe continental congress. He ?aa alto nearly connected with the late venerable president, Peyton llandolph.? He repelled all advances on this subject, sad joined those, who perceived a peculiar fitinea in selecting a northern gentleman, who ia addition to his unbounded itovotioo to tbe eanse of freedom, appeared on the floor of Congress, aa ths particular object of ministerial jealousy and pro* caption. Mr. Harruoa took ? decided port in kin election; when the Appointment wm announced, and Mr. Ilancock rinced aome degree of atnWraaament ka tUppnd forward and bora bint to the sbair, not rudely or iadetteatatr, bat with that kind of good-ban arid and enay to* miHiaifcy, wbU akaniliikii Ibo gantry o1 the j&ntfc. Benjamin Havriaoo wm a a P u V~ "B the confidence of bis country ; when he retired from congress, he became a member of the Virginia house of delegates and ] continued as such* until after the siege of York Town* when he succeded Mr. Nelson, as governor of Virginia. ' A Lady Freemason. 1 The lion. Elizabeth Su Legor was the I only female evir iniated into the ancient ? mysteries of Freemasonry, llow she ob- t tained this honor we shall lay before our t readers. Lord Doncrailo, Miss St. Leger's I father, a very zealous Mason held a war- I rant and occasionally opened lodges at 1 Doncraile House, his sons and intimate 1 friends assisting, and it is said that never i were the Masonic duties more rigidly < performed than by them. Previous to 1 the first steps of Masonry, Miss, St. Lcger, r who was a young girl, happtiwd to be in J an apartment adjoining tlie room genet- 1 ally used as a lodge-room. This room s at the time was undergoing some altera- r tiwii ; among other things the wall was ? Considerably reduced in one part. The young lady having heard the voices of the c Freemasons, nnd prompted by the curios- '1 ity natural to all to sec this mystery so t long and so secretly locked up from hu- n man view, she had the courage to pick a i brick from the wall with her scissors, and t witness the ceremony through the two c first step. Curiosity satisfied, fear at once ? took possession of her mind. There was t no mode of escanu exeent through ?! ? > i rw " ?' M,v room where the conc!u<ling part of tlie t second step was still being solemnized; a an<i that being at the far end, and the 11 room a very large one, she had resolution d sufficient to attempt her escape that way; r a..d, with light but trembling steps, glid- u ed along unobserved, laid her hand on t the handle of the door and gently opening s it, before her stood to her dismay, a grim h and surlev tyler, with his long sword nn sheathed. A shriek, that pierced through d the apartment, alarmed the members of s the Ldge, who ail rushing to the door, l and finding th?Ct Miss St* Leger had been I in the room during the ceremony, in the * first paroxysm or their rage berdeath was c received on, but from the sappttranioos of \ her young brother, her life wu hired on condition of her going through the whole c of tue solemn ceremony she had unlawful- e ly witnessed. ^ This she consented to, and they con- F ducted the beautiful and terrified young b lady through those trials which are some- tl limes more than enough for moHCuliti re- b solution, little thinking they were taking * to the bosom of their craft a member that tl would afterwards reflect a lustre on the w annals of Masonry. The lady was cousin n to Gen. Anthony St. Leger, governor of n St. Lucia, who instituted the interesting tl race and the celebrated Doncaster St. Le- e gcr stakes. Miss St. Leger married Rich- a ard Aid worth, Esq., of New Market.? fi Wheuever a benefit wa< given at the tLe- tl aires iu Dublin or Cork for the Masonic si Female Orphan Asylum, she walked at a the head of the Freemasons with her apron d and other insignia of Freemasonry, and h sat ia the front row of the stage box.? |i The house was always crowded on those a occasions. Her portrait is in the lodge- I rooin of almost every lodge in Irelaud.? Exchange. 1 ? im am ? 0 Kkttlkmknt or Kansas.?A letter in ? the St, Louis Republican, dated Whitohead, Kansas territory, June 26th, says * that thousands of emigrants froin Virgin- , is, Kentucky, Tennessee, and Missouri, ' have already arrived in that te. ritorv, and t thousands are still pouring in, the lands for from ten to twenty inilua back, having c been, with but few exceptions, clairne 1 by squatters. The writer gives the proceed- . ings of a meeting of these settlers, at which a Squatter Association .was formed to ' make provision for deciding upon disput- r ed claims, Ac. Resolutions were adopted * precisely similar to those passe-1 at the quart*' meeting held at Salt Creek trad- J ing house. Among them were resolutions ' to afford no protection to abolitionists as 1 citizens of the territory, recognizing the % institution of slavery as already existing 1 in the territory, and recommending slave- 1 holders to introduce their "property" a* early as possible. A Vigilance "Committee was appointed and also ftvaJttftMute* to the General Territorial CWWMNlaR, to be held at Salt Creek, on July." Of what character tlraPWren tion ia expected to be, no mention is made. Ga? sot Unhealthy.?A a opinion U widely prevalent that gaa ia aofilted for the illutntaattoa of private dwellings, owing to the heat end noxious geaee it evolves; nothing ean be more erroneous. The heat, it ia . Was, is la proportion to the linrht ????? and If, M has been found to be the case, a four inch pipe will supply m many borners sufficient to outvie the blase, (each candle eonaumiog 176 grains of tallow per minute:) the ?|uaotity of calorie and earboaie acid gives off will be found to be la each eaao pretty near identical. The Argand, or aha. dowleaa gaa borrer, if encircled by a pale blue glass, yields a perfectly homogeneous whit* MAl. bum J enabling artist* to parM* U??ir labor* a* , satisfactorily during tb? night aa during th? bias* of a Soother* sum .oar's day. The , rtimi of artificial Mght is ia the following ' order; eaal r? hring by far the cheapest, IT' ? *" , imt wtt^nhw v^otnwij mtmw. I Ml % ff m Mi W1 liftII tliiU XXUlilt From the courtis Recollections and p rate memoirs of the Life and Character Washington we extract the following: Washington ceased to oe a sportsmi ifter 1787 wbdh he gave up the huntii *stablishment. True he bred the bid Torso and a favorite colt of his nam dagnolia, was entered and ran for a pun >111 this was more to encourage the bfr ling of fine horses than for attachine o the sports of the turf. Ali the Lit hat be could spare for active exercise lis latter day was devoted to riiling aim lis farm and insj?ectiug his improvenien n this ho was ably assisted by several lis stewards and managers who were K opeans, and who had brought from tin jwii countries habits of industry ai cnowledgo of improved agriculture at ural :?fi'airs; so that, bad the farmer dount Vernon been spared but a few yea onger, bis estate wguhl have exhibited eries of model farms, examples to l! leigblarring improvers and to the count it hircre - ??? Mount Vt^non in the olden time w< clehruted for the luxuries of the table.['he fields, the forest, and the river, each heir respective seasons furnished the tun ibuudant resources for good living. J nong the picturesque objects on the I' otnuc to be seen from the eastern porii< if the mansion-bourn, was t!ie light cam >f Father Jack, the fisherman to the c ablishment. Father Jack was Africa icgro, a hundred years of age, and > hough greatly eufcbled in body by su? i vast weight of years his mind possess* iticommon vigor. And he would tell lavs long past, Afric's clime, and of A ic s wars, in which lie (of course the s? >1 a king) was made captive, and of t! erribie battle in vftich his roj al sire w; lain, the village consigned to the flame aid he to the *lave*hip. Father Jack powessed in an emine legree'lhe leading quality of all his rat oniuolency. By looking through a sp [lass you would see the obi thdierina ent nearly double, enjoying a uap, whh ras only disturbed by the hard jerkii if the white fte/ch ;tiat became, entangh a bjaJasfkt li^^x - Hut"tin* slunil>ers otFafhcr Jack we ccasionally attended by some inconvei rn-e. Tlie domestic duties of Mou Vernon were governed by clock tinie.Jow, t lie cook required that the fish shou ?e forthcoming At a certain period, so th hey might be served smoking on t.1 o?rd precisely at three o'clock. 1 fould repair to the river bank and mal lie accustomed signals; but, alas the ou'd be no response; and the old fishe tan was seen quietly reposing in hisc oe, rocked by the gent'e undulations he steam,r and dreaming no doubt vents long time ago. The unfortuna rti*t of the culinary department, grov itrious by delay, would now rush down he waters edge, and by dint of Ion houling, at length the canoe would I een turn to the shore. Father Jack, i ignaut at its being even supposed th le was asleep on hi* post, would rate tho iresent on It is landing with "What y? II meek such a debil oh a noise for, bej want sleep, only noddin." Foor Father Jack ! No more at ear lawn will lie be seen, as with wither* rm, he paddled his light canoe on tl iroad surface of the Potomac, to retui rith the fancy spoils and t?oast of famoi inli taken * on his own hook.' His can* las long since rotted on the shore, ai lis paddle hangs idle in bis Cabin, li occupation's gone,1 and Father Jack tl >lu Fishermau ol Mount Vernon, " slee l._4 ?l .1 ... i * ? iiai nierp ill?i kiiu?*s nu waKin^. 44 A hunter, too, was attached to tl toiisehnld establishment. Tom I)at ind his great Now Fond'and dog, Ou tor, were as im|>oriHiit characters in t1 lepartmant for furnishing game and wi owl as Father Jack in that of fish. } 'ast were the numl>ers of the conva; tack duck* on the Potomac in the ancie ime, that a single discharge of Tom l> ri?* old British musket would proeu is many of those delicious hirda as wou upply the larder for a week. Mow TO OUT THK Rf.AL FI.AVOR OF Ct rEE.?In Knighton's" Forest life in Ceyloi ire the following hints on the preparations wflee, derived from long experience : T while aroma which reaidee in the eeant til of the coffee-berry, is gradually diesipnt ifter roasting, and of course etill more sf teing ground. In order to enjoy the t lavor in perfectiso. the berry should nass mce from the roaating-pon to the mill, a .hence to the coffee-pot: and again, af laving been made ahoutd be mixed wh ilmoat at a boiling heat, with the hot mi It moat be very bad coffee indeed which hear precautions be taken, will not affc in agreenble and exhilarating drink T peat evils are eonstanlly perpetrated in I fiend in it- preparation, which are m< foarded againet In alraoet all other eounti ind which materially impair its flavor a itraagth?knepiag the oaflea n considers,! lian after roosting or grtaHng. kj vrhieh itrength la diminished, and Hn defeat# a rolatile aroma lont, and mixing ths milk w it after it baa baaa allowed partially to co TWo beat will to booo loft yoo.?1 will of a atrong n*a^ * Moot bat ** , !% V flF jf J Hp * v ir. Auctioneering in California ri- The reporter of the San Francisco News of furnishes that paper with the following reports of a speech made l>y a California an auctioneer : tg "Ladies and gentlemen, I now have the ' ird honor of pulling up a fine pocket hand ' ed kerchief; a yard wide, a yard long, and i ?e; almost a yard thick ; half cotton, and t'o 1 e- ther half cotton, too; beautifully printed ' lit with the stars and stripes on one side, and ' lie the stares on t'other; it will wipe dost ' in from the eves so completely as to he 1 ut death to demagogues, and make politics ' ts. as had a business as printing papers; it* of groat length, breadth and thickness, to- i ' ,u- gether with its dark color, will enable it ' ?ir to hide dirt?and never need washing; ud going at one dollar??seventy-live cents? ? id ?fifty cents??twenty five cents??one ' of hit? nobody wants it ??ob I thank you 1 rs sir? a "Next, gentlemen, for the ladies won't lie be permitted to bid on tins article, is a ry real Minion pure, tempered, highly polish- 1 ed, keen edged Sheffield razor; bran as spaukin new; never opened befote to sun- ' ? light, moonlight, starlight. da\light, or ' ill gaslight; slia p enough to shave a law -t year, or cut a disagreeable, or poor rela- ' V- tion ; handle of buck-horn, with all the o- rivets but the '.wo a the ends of pure 1 ?o gold, who w ill give two dollars ? one dol- ' >e lar ? half a dollar ? Why ye long beard- 1 s- ed, dirty faced reprobates, with not room ' in enough on your phizzes for a Chinese wo- 1 d- man to kiss, I'm offering you a bargain 1 .'h at half a dollar!?razor and strap?of re* 1 }d cent patent; two rubs upon it will sharp- ' of en the city attorney; all forfxirbits! and 1 ,f- a piece of soap?sweeter than roses; lath- ' >n ere letter than a schoolmaster; and strong 1 to enough to wash out all the stains from a as California nolitioian's ronar-ien.-o ult * I ? 1 ,v" a, four bits I?why you have only to put 1 this razor, strop and soap under your pil- 1 nt low it night, to wake up in the morning e, clean shaved, won't anybody give two ' y- bits, then, fur the lot ? I knew I would ' ?, sell 'em. * :b Next, ladies and gentlemen, I offer three ' ig pair socks, hose, slocking or half hose, just 1 ed as vou'ra mind to call thvm. Knit by a 1 machine made on purpose out of cotton ! re woof; tlift tnnn that buys Ui^a will bo 1 li- enabled to walk till he gets tired ; and, ' nt provided his boots are high enough, ne&J- 1 ? n't have any corns; th? leg* are as long ' hi as hills against the corporation, anil a> 1 at lhick as the heads of the members of the ' >e Legislature, who wants 'em at one half Ie dollar i quarter dollar ??thankee, madam * ie dollar I 1 re ''Next, I offer you a pair of boots, made 1 r especially for Sat Fiaticiseo, with heels 1 a- long enough to raise a man up to the i of lloadley grades and nails ensure against a of being carried over by a land slide, legs 1 le wide enough to carry two revolvers and a * rn bow ie knife, and the uppers of the verv 1 to best horse leather. A man in these tmoia ' id can move about as easy as the State Cap* I ital; who save twenty dollars? All the < n- tax payers ought to buy a pair, to kick ' at the Legislature with?and they will be t se found of assistance in kicking the bucket ' ju especially if some ln>dy should kick at be- 1 f i ing kicked?ten dollars for legs, uppers i and sols at that,aie bringing twenty thou- t lv sand dollars in Sacramento! ten dollars," ? :d ten dollars I?gone at ten dollars ! * ne "Next is something that you ought to * m have gentlemen, a lot of good gallowies? i us sometimes called sus|>enden?. 1 know i oe that some of you will after awhile be fur- 1 id nished at the State's expensc,l>ut you can't ' lis tell which one, so buy where they're < lie cheap; all that deserve hanging are not jm supplied with a galjows, if so there would ' be nobody to make laws, condemn crinii- I lie nals or h ing culprits, until a new election < ,is made of pure gum elastic?stretch like a ' n Judge's conscience, and last as long as a * he California officer holder with steal; buckId Ie* of pure iron, and warranted to hold I <>o so light th it no man's wife can rub hiin j i*. off the breeclovi, are, in short, as strong as { nt g<x>d, as perfect, as effectual, and as bona a- Juit aa the ordinance a/aiu*l Chinese-shops i ire of Dupont street?gone at 25 cents." < Hovs, RRAD Til K FOLLOWING. We cup, iron) an exchange, tlie following nohle I i >r_ answer of a boy : ? '"Why cli?) you not pocket some of those \ pears ?" said one U>y to auollicr, "uobody was tliere to see." "Yea tliere was? I was there to see my' self; and I don't ever mean to see myself ^ do a mean tiling." cr Ponder tliat, young readers. Never ull I see yourself do a mean or dishonest thing, j at Under all circumstances, maintain yournd self-respect, and keep a clear conscience, ter You cannot have a worse companion than en the ever-present remembrance of a bad II, action. 'f Fui.rii.MKMT or Dorics.? There ia >r? nothing in this world that I fear," said an eminently pious woman,14 but that I shall in- not know my whole duty, or fail to do it." ore This is a noble sentiment?it is a chrisies tian sentiment, and should be heartily nd adopted and acted upon by every profaased follower of Christ. "ror the Lord God ia a son and shield; he will give a<j grace and glory ; and no good thing will . he withhold from them that walk uprightly.'* And "if the Lord he for us, who osn ^ be against us f " I Tb? ?i?t yimn of man must make pro I m I ?i?iou tor bit 1**4. | i .44 '^vin "? m ? ?y > k . *1 m 1 jflKSS flffr Mfc. '.Mr AGRICULTURAL. Cotton Culture. Messrs. Euiroas s 1 have more tha i once been called on lo give my mode of cotton cul in re, and 1 have done so in days passed, in the Southern Cultivator. I tun solicited again to give you a communication on the subject. And now, that I liave finished my day's work, and everything around me being calm and <j liet, I Have concluded to give you my system of otton culture from beginning to end. And I do not wish lo he understood by die expression " my system," of claiming originality, for 1 frankly confess, that 1 lave studied agriculture as a physician ?t udies tiled cine?have corresponded with the most experienced farmers of the South, ind have read all the agricultural works I eould get. And ill this way, together with mv own experience, founded on tlioov and practice, I have adopted the followng mode of operation. Permit me here to remark, that I am ui onverseer?have been overseeing on his place 7 years, and have, therefore, tad tin opportunity, to some extent, of earning out my* views on this subject. In the first place, I make and save all lio manure I can, by hauling leaves, corn talks and straw from the. thrasher, into ny slock lots, on which I never fail to lave the stock penned every night. This auric, together with lit?*ring the stables ind cleaning them out every three weeks, s assigned to two hands, who are furnish d with a call for the purpose. In this >vay, any farmer can make as much mature or ' Georgia Guano ' as fie call haul >ut through the winter and spring. As early af.er the lirst of January, as tircumstauces will permit, I start ail the earns to hauling manure on the land ineiideu for cotton, and deposit it in heaps, .efficiently close, so as to have every row Manured alike. Soon after I commence iau ling, I commence bedding cotton land, vbieh is done as follows: I lay off my ows with a scooter plow, and deposit the ' uanure in the furrow, on w inch the beds ire thrown, with a one horse turning plow, or shovel and mould board, the latU i- 1 pivfcr. This work bhould^be done Lime enough lor the beds lo settle before' planting, ho its lo prevent llie tearing down >f the beds in planting, besides other id vantages not necessary to inenlioti ier?. The tenth of April I commence plantng, by riinniug the side harrow over the axis to clean them of trash and elods, md open iheni with an opener made of a jieee of timber twenty inches long, tiianfnlar, with beam and handles; roll my eed w ell in ashes or lime, and strew them >ert/ regular, at the rate* of 112 bushils per a re, and cover with a block tweny-four by sixteen inches, four inches thick, iollowed in front half an inch. Cotton tlanled in this way, will come up in the ball not wider than a kuile blade, and looks ike a " narrow ribbon stretched across lie field." I can run as close to it as I sunt lo. A? soon as 1 have enough cot .on up for a stand, 1 commence running iruutid it with the "Mississippi Scraper," lie hoe hands following, chopping lightg through, leaving from one to three italks, the width of the hoe apart. This lone, 1 turn on it with all hands, and put t to a stand, after which, 1 run around it with the side harrow. The balance oftbe work is done with the sweep and harrow, is the seasons and circumstances require. 1 have now given briefily and imperfectly, the mode of cotton culture which I liave adopted and practiced for several fears, by which I have made as much cot(near a bag per acre,) as we could lave. This has been done, not in Bakernor Leo, nor any of the famous cotton 'rowing districts, but in Cherokee Georgia. In conclusion, permit me to say,that i? I could cultivate my crop of cotton entirely with the hoe, 1 would do it, but ibis being impossible, I use the implements that will do the work as near like the hoe would do it, as possible. Yours, <kc. G. L>. HARMON. CVdur Town, (hi.. Mag, 1854. Raising Hogs. Mkasiis. Editors : Having been frequent y solicited l?y planters to give y mode of raising hogs, I now throw together my plan, merely reinsiking, that it is the best and chea|>e*t way ot raising bacon, and also, attended with leas trouble than any other plan i ever tried or seen tried, and if strictly followed, 1 think will be found very correct, the plan 1 have laid down, is for raising, annually forty head of bacon hogs from eighteen months old to two years old. As 1 am but a poof writer, Messrs. Editors, you will please give my letter such trimming as may make it readable, and if you think it may l?e of some uae to the planters, you can lei n appear in yoor very vattiiihie So*I oj the South, and if not, let it die. Tlie firwl tiling to be done ia, to encloM one hundred acree of lend, noma wooded nod i?oni? old field ; make ? good fence, no nothing like a hog can get in or out without aneintance ; secondly. get ten good breeding sown and two malea, and pftl them in it; bare a pi ice where they can get plenty of water to drink and walioe 4 -w ney iii ; tins done, liave thciu looked to and calied and fed a little, merely to keep them lame and gentle; thirdly. With care, they will have from forty to fifty hogs old enough to kill in eighteen months ) from the tillle they were put in the field, j Fourthly : In July, previous to the win| ter you intend to make the first killing, J haVvi four acres well and closely fenced | in, in the inside of the lot, and planted in slip potatoes ; the yellow yam 1 find the I host, being most productive and sweet, | the land Miould be strong enough to make one bushel or more to the row, one hurt| dred and fifteen feet lorlg, and there must In; twenty-live rows to the quarter of acre. Kitiliiy: About the lolh of November, have the forty hen I of hogs intended for bacon, put in tiie lot of slips, and do not allow any other hog to go in, and just hefore Christmas or forty days from the time they were put in, they will be fat enough lor slaughtering. J list before the hogs are pui to the slips, 1 find it a gootl plan to have a quantity of trash and oth i er vegetable matter spread over the slip : beds mi J alleys ; the hogs in rooting the I potatoes will mix the trash and vines, thereby improving the land, and making it richer annually. 1 also advise that as I soon as the hogs are taken out of the lot lor killing, the land in the lot. to be levelled and planted in oats about the first of January, and nothing suffered to go in the lot, and in J uly following, tliev will he ripe* and then they can he cut or turned in to make the lot still richer, and the ground then, iu July, ought to be listed with a two horse plow and bedded, and the beds top levelled, so as to be ready to plant slips the first chance, and then the slips will he ready in November again, for 1 forty more hogs to get fat on, and so on. I find it is best not to give any water | to the hogs that are fattening on potatoes. This size lot is for raising and fattening forty hogs annually ; this number ought to make five tlfousand weight of good nett bacon, exclusive of the lard, jowls, ike. <kc. Tlie stock hogs, in the largo lot, (100 acre lot,) ought never to be ?1I >wcd to increase over one hundred head. The bacon thus raised, 1 find equal to any corn field, and I think somewhat more , qnicy. If the weather should be two warut about killing time, to make bacon, I find it best to cut up iu small pieces and pickle it, it is just as good for plantation use, and it is better than to run the risk of spoiled bacon, or let your hogs fall off or to feed iliem ; for it must he l?orne in mind, that this lot is only to fallen forty hogs iu aUiut forty days, this it will do, if the land is made good, and uolhiug allowed to rob the lot. liespectfully, ISAAC FEliWELL. Grahamsville, May 1854. Corn Culture?Poultry. Mu. Editor: In your article upon the culture of a coru crop, you neglected to state w hat kind of grass you had to contend with in its culture. This is important for us to kno , inasmuch as our lauds are very much infected with joint and nut i :r i... i .i.-. ? ? aim ii > vru unu uiw ur any similar grasses to contend with, then surely, your treatise is of great value to us. Although, we must beg you to give us some hints upon the inangemeotof a eorir crop in nut and joint grass, and what is the best method of destroying these everlasting pests. Any thing under this head will be thankfully ueceived by Your obedient servant, C. A. SAM& ]\ S.?We tried an experiment this spring with coal tar, as a preventive to liee in the nests of setting poultry whieh has proven entirely successful. The coat tar whs plaee in claim shells and put under the pine trash in the nesta ; the iice lelt immediately. We tried another experiment with coal tar and oil as an ointineul for young turkeys, that were very tnueh infested with vermin, the nronortioti* rsed were, two part* of oil to one of tar, touched under (lie wings and on the back of the head. This also proved successful. C. A. 8. J/addrrlPs P. Ojjlct. S. C., Afar/, 1854. Our directions were made to suit the general condition of the country. A specified remedy must of necessity bo madu to suit peculiar cases. The joint rnd not grass for ns such an exception, but as wo have no acquaintance with either, we mu*t ask for a prescription from some one who has.?Ed. Laror and IIbalth.?Mark, says a sensible man, the Ul>oring man who breakfasts at six, and then walks, perhaps two .1,. M ? .. v. . ' w mrtT nines 10 ins wora. lie M mil of health, and a atranger to doctors. Mark, on the other hand, vour Clerk, who takes tea and toast at eight, and gats down to 1 the store at nine, or half past, lie is a pale effeminate creature, fall of aaraapa[ rilla, and patent worm medicines, and 1 pills and things. What a pity it is that f this class of people do not lay down the yard stick and take up lha flail for a year ' or two. By ramaining in thsir present I occupation they aerva to fill up cemeteries, and that'a ahout aa miserable use of hu j inanity m yon can nntaa. t Th? worat kind of strap far m man to i ham anything to do wHh ? Mack strap, r Skaptica will ylaaaa try on a gallon. v ' 41 ; - ,?T >V V1 . &?*" > T" -r-*j u I