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Catawba Indians Serious Problem. To the Editor of The State: Noting that there has been a num her of recent orticles in regard to the Catawba Indians, also that there has been a recommendation to cut the appropriation that the general as sembly has been making for them each year to a small sum which would be paid only to the aged and infirm who are not able to provide for themselves, and knowing that the most of our citizens are like a certain prominent senator now in the general assembly who, when the writer ap peared before the finance committee of the senate in order to convey to it some information in regard to these Indians, thanked the writer for hav ing come there and given them the information and stated that he was . obliged to admit that while he had been in the house and in the senate for years and knew that an appro priation was made for the Indians, he haa no idea what it was for or any . thing about it or them,#I thought I would write some of the facts as I know them after seven years' service as their financial agent. These Indians are segregated on 562 acres of the poorest, roughest land in the state, in York' county, on what is known as the Catawba Indian reservation,, in the River Bend sec tion of the county, on the banks of the Catawba river. This land was set apart for them many years ago and they were segregated on this without any citizenship, right to vote, own property in their own name, or any thing of that kind as "wards of the state of South Carolina" and have re mained as such since. It is true that many of them have left the reserva tion and gone to other places in or der to be able to live, as it was ut terly impossible for them to all make a living on the reservation and in or der to keep from starving they have moved away. Some live in Rock Hill, some in Columbia and other places. The Indian is generally known as being indolent, no ambition to do any thing, and, generally speaking, "no account." But in the case of the Ca tawba, while this is true to some de gree in regard to some of them, we nevertheless have lots of white peo pl? in our state that are on par with the worst of the Indians. And, too, what incentive would they have to try to improve themselves when thev out tnese indians are the same as minor children and can not legally do anything except that a state offi cial act for them. One commendable thing that I can ' say for the Indians is that while they intermarry with some very trifling white people and have become very badly mixed ip, they will not have anything to do with the negro and are very much insulted if any one compares them in any way to the ne gro. Another commendable thing in re gard to the Catawbas is that during the Confederate war a number of them donned the Confederate uni form and-fought bravely throughout the war for the South, so much so that a monument stands erected on the "public square at Fort Mill to their honor, erected there by the late Cap tain White of that place. In the World War a number of the young > Catawba's went into the service and did fin?, work. One of them, who went to France, is now sick, I HM afraid with tuberculosis, which he contract ed while in the service. Still these people are not allowed citizenship. After having-been their financial agent for seven years and looking in to their situation, in fact, after find ing their condition shortly after being made their agent I have recommend ed each year to the governor '.nd general assembly that some perma nent businesslike settlement be made with these Indians. If the state owes them anything, settle with them, rive them their citizenship and let them go out and make their own way, as they have demonstrated that they have plenty of ability to do if they were given the proper chance. 5 do believe that when I took charge as agent I could have settled with them for a much less amount than I have paid them during the seven years, which amount is around $60,000, and still they are on our hands. Governor Cooper and others did last year suc ceed in getting a committee to look into the matter of a permanent set tlement, but their report went in just before the adjournment and nothing was done. It may possibly be taken up at this year's session. If the state does not owe them anything, then they, should discontinue the appro priation, give them citizenship and let them get out with the balance of the people and work for their living as they see fit and wherever they see fit. With those vwho live at other places, their children are refused ad mittance to the schools because their parents have no citizenship and, too, because a great many do not want their children to mingle with them. The state provides a school at .the reservation, but on account of noth ing there for them to do to make a living'and the land so poor that they can not farm and live on it they have to go elsewhere. The writer for some time has been in correspondence with Senator Dial and others in regard to trying to get the national government to take these Indians over and relieve the taxpay ers of South Carolina of them and so far. has met with little success, and if the following letter from Congress man Stevenson is correct, then there is nothing left for the general assem bly of this state to do but to get busy and try to get a final settlement with these people and either provide for them. Mr. Stevenson, under date of January 12, writes as follows: "My Dear Williams: "Referring to your letter in regard to the Catawba Indians, will say that I noticed he activities you mention of Senator' Dial artd Congressman Fulmer about this, and I was of ?the opinion that they would find out that there was nothing in the claim. I took the matter up immediately when I came to congress, but felt sure that there must be some explanation, or our congressmen would have long since had the government take charge of these Indians. It was gone into very fully years ago, I think in HeniphiU's day, and the findings were very clearly set forth, and the follow ing is the explanation: All other In dians, at least in the South, dealt di rectly with the national government, surrendered their lands to the na tional government, in consequence of the promise of support, hence the national government takes care of them. The Catawbas, on the other hand, made their treaty with the state of South Carolina and surrend ered all land which they claimed, ex cept the present reservation' which they have in consideration of South Carolina's contract to take care of them. Hence the liability is the state's and not the national government's, and your Uncle Sam has steadfastly and finally put his foot down that I 1 a Pdf lii'Knf I. "" ? " 1 " .* --! a better shape than it now is or has been for many years. The Indians have been criticized for their religion -the majority of them at least they being Mormons. But they state absolutely that no other religious sect paid them any attention until the Mormons came among them and es tablished a church, which has been the case in regard to their welfare from the standpoint of an existence until recently. As I see the matter, re gardless of how indolent they are or anything else, they are human be ings, wards of our state and should at least be put on par with the ne gro. O. K. Williams. Rock Hill. Time to Plant and the best varieties of vegetable and field seeds to plant for each purpose is told in the 1922 Catalog of WOODS SEEDS Now ready to be mailed,, free on request. Reduced prices are quoted on Seeds, Poultry Supplies, and Feeds, Garden Tools and Spray Materials. Write for vour copy today. ' T. W. WOOD & SONS, Seedsmen, 17 S. 14th St., Richmond, Va. NOTICE ! All persons holding claims against the estate of Mrs. Belle Jones Gallo-j way, deceased, should present them properly attested to the undersigned for payment, and all persons indebt ed to the said estate should make payment to the undersigned at once. J. W. PITTS, Administrator. Saluda, S. C. TOWN MELPS^ IN FIGHT FOR CIVIC BEAUTY Commercial interests of Kansas City Unite for War on Billboards on Boulevards. The commercial interests o? Kansas City hove prone on recor*d as enemies of the "uglies." The city planning and public build ings committee of the chamber of com merce adopted a resolution, taking a definite stand against "the encroach ment of either filling stations or bill boards on the city's boulevards and homes." The resolution stated that the cham ber members are heartily In accord with and desire to lend their moral support to the joint resolution of the two houses of the council, to the effect that filling siatwms and billboards should not be permitted to destroy the effect of Kansas City's boulevard sys tem. After a protracted discussion the committee declared In favor of a "lo cal option" on the uglies. By that was meant that each neighborhood he permitted to decide whether billboards or filling stations should be allowed to locate in that vicinity. The residents whose homes are within view, or with in close proximity of the ugly, should have a voice In denying or permitting Its location, the committee members believed. Billboards In certain localities are not objectionable If properly con structed and lighted, In the opinion of the committeemen. But their place Is not In residence neighborhoods or on boulevards, they agreed, WAR ON INDUSTRIAL UNREST "Community Service" Idea ls Spread ing, for Many Good and Sub stantial Reasons. ..Community Service, Incorporated" shortly will take its place as a definite factor In the industrial life of Illinois. This announcement comes through Maj. A. A. Sprague, chairman of the executive-financial committee for Illi nois. Organization has been completed for Illinois and the plans for the es tablishment of the work are under way. The aim of Community Service Is so .- ii-.:-.. ..^A inteiira *?nndl stahtlal success In tne big Industrial ? communities of Bethlehem and Ches ter, Pa. The main work of Commun- ' Ity Service Is the solution of the leis ure hour problem. A trained organ-* 1 izer will be sent to various communl- 1 ties to study conditions and make a : survey of the social and recreational : life, determining' what ls most needed , ano* most desirable for the occupation of the leisure hours of the community, . and then assisting them to provide . and build up a service system for themselves. House Palming. When the home owner's thoughts turn to house painting, problems Cal ifornians, particularly, begin to won der what color will be best for the movies. A location director for mo- : tlon pictures in Hollywood, Cal., says ' that white houses are almost Impos sible for use In motion pictures and he hopes the people within the area '. of the picture industry will use neu tral or dark shades when they do their house painting. ' "Darker shades,are more agreeable to the eye than those of dazzling white ness," so this movie director says, "and . they photograph better, in addition to blending with the natural colors of the landscape." All-white houses are also hard on the eyes. Beauty Not Matter of Expense. Beautiful grounds need not be ex pensive. The loveliest flowers and plants that ever grew are found In the woods and along the banks of streams, In fence corners, and In fields and shady nooks. They are yours for the digging. What is"rarer or prettier than a bed of wild violets and ferns In a shady spot near the house? Plant generously of perennials; so that they will bloom and grow year after year with little time and attention and give stability to your landscape effects. Willie Had a Reason. Willie Hopkins ls only ten years old, but, strange to tell, he brushes his own hair and wnshes his ears without parental coercion. It must be admit ted that Willie just started this most uncommon practice within the last few days. The young man's mother was dumfounded when she walked Into his room and found him plastering down his hair with a brnsh. "You're a very good boy," she said "How did you come to think of brush ing your hair and washing your face?" Willie looked sheepish and then re-, plied: "Mary Brown told me I wu* good lookln'."-New York Sun. t^n't Keep Auto in Barn. The barn ls a bad place for ?he an* tomoblle. Build a garage. Norfolk, Va Tarboro, N. C Columbia, S. Macon, Ga Birmingham, ._m un uuuuat JllLlCL'tiil sible cave in the mountains near Bristol, Va.-Tenn., may afford arch aeologists and geologists an'opportu nity to throw some light upon our early American ancestry. Experi ments show some of the bones to be more than a thousand years old, how ever, which is a comparatively early life as measured by the records re vealed by other human skeletons. Early life in America ( that is life for thousands of years before the discov ery of Indians by white men, has long been a subject of much doubt by archaeologists, because as we are told by tlje Greenville News, comparative ly few records have been found. In fact, nothing has been found to prove that any race existed here prior to the Indians. Whether they were the product of a special development or were akin to any of the men of Eu rope before the separation of the continents by Bering Strait is un known. Europe, we are told by some au thority, is'able to trace the develop ment of mankind by two discoveries of human skulls between whose ex istence there were handreds of thou sands of years. The oldest human skull was unearthed near Heldleburg, Germany, and was estimated to have lived about 200,000 years ago, though that can not, of course, be certain The skull was that of a "sub-man," having a cavity for a brain, though it differed in other respects from man of today, especially as to the jaw and cheek bone. The second discov ery, that of the "Creomangan," was of a more developed "sub-man" who lived thousands of years later These are the only two contributions that throw any light whatever upon the development of mankind prior to the "stone age" which was not so long ago when measured by the infinite. But nothing has been found in America to justify belief that any race existed here prior to the Indians. The News suggests that there may be beneath the surface of the earth dis coveries that would revolutionize our history and conception of ,the origin and habitation of North America. Perhaps that was what Shakespeare meant when he said "There are more things in heaven and earth than are dreamt of in philosophy."-Augusta Chronicle. '?FL?CTS TRADE MARK REGISTERED TER GUANO < Richmond, Va. Ly \. Charlotte, N. C. W C. Spartanburg, S.C. At Columbus,Ga. M( Ala. Baltimore, Md. To We invite our Edgefiel? when in Augusta, We DIAMONDS WATCHES CLOCKS JEWELRY CUT I of all kinds that we have ever she you through our stock. Every de with the newest designs. We call especial attention to 01 every improvement. Your watcl Work ready for delivery in a shor A. J. I S 980 Broad St S _m ARRINGTON Wholesale Groce Corn, Oats, Kinds < Gloria Flour and Da Our L Corner Cumming a On Georgia Angus YOUR PATR?N XV" See our repr?sentatif no tax now LUDEN'S menthol cough drops price ?*f %Jr straight GIVE QUICK RELIEF, Tortoni YtUott Po*titi 53 Soli l?* ? mid or tr JOMPANY nchburg, Va, 'ashington,N.C. lanta^ Ga. Dntgomery, Ala ledo, Ohio ?OOOOOOOOOOOPMOOPOOOOOO zk of I jr- - I ct tr cm i friends to visit oiir store | have the largest stock of P S GLASS AND SILVERWARE . ? wn. It will be a pleasure to show S partment is constantly replenished : I ur repairing department, which has 5 ti or clock made as good as new. S t time. g RENKL j Augusta, Ga. 3 BROS. & CO. rs and Dealers in Hay and all )f Feeds in Patch HorseJFeed eaders nd Fenwick Streets R. R. Tracks ta, Ga. AGE SOLICITED re, C. E. May. Hemstreet & Alexander 647 Broad Street Augusta, Ga. Dealers in Guns, Revolvers and Pishing Tackle. Repairing of FireJArms, Bicycles, Safes, etc.. * Key Fitting a Specialty. ' Telephone 679