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Lice and Mites Cause More Losses Than All Other Things Com I bined-Spray Is Urged. I (By J. S. JEFFREY.) It Is quite possible to have the best poultry kept In well-built houses, well fed, and still not get any profit or pleasure from them. In too many crses where a good start has been made the house is neglected and al lowed to become filthy and ir .'.isted with mites. It may be said thai filth and mites generally go together, for while a house that is kept fairly clean ! Side Elevation of Poultry House. tnay be Infested with mites, lt is very seldom that a dirty house will be found to be free from these pests. Lice and mites cause more losses among poultry than all other things combined. Poultry houses should be so ar ranged inside that the poultryman can keep down the mites without an undue expenditure of time and en ?rgy. Mites live in a,house and must he killed there. Dusting the hens jvill never get rid of them. The best means of getting rid of mites in the houses is to spray thor oughly with kerosene emulsion. This should be done twice with an interval of from five to seven days between trie sprayings. The emulsion IB made as follows: Cut up one pound of soap and dissolve it in hot water; while the water ls lot, stir in two gallons of kerosene and continue stirring for fifteen tc twenty minutes. It is important tc have the kerosene, soap and water well mixed, especially? if it is not tc he used at once. To this mixture add seventeen gallons of water. This "Two-Compartment Trap Nests, Show ing "Stop Louse" Roost Hangers Above. makes a 10 per cent, emulsion. Some recommend 15 per cent., but we have found 10 per cent efficient in killing the mites. Kerosene used on the roost once a week in hot weather will help to keep down both mites and lice. If put on a short time before the hens ?? to roost, some of it will get on the feathers and will kill and drive away lice. Care must be taken not to rj2t too much on the fowls, or it will blister them and this will stop the hens from laying just as much as the lice will. KEEP TAB ON AGE OF FOWLS Enables Poultryman to Cull Out Hens That are Unprofitable-One Method Favored. It Is mere guess work to tell the age of a hen after she has passed the pullet stage. To the good poultryman it Is important that the exact age of every fowl on his premises be known. Bens that are past the age for profit should be culled out and their places taken by the younger stock. Legbands with numbera may be used when the pnilets arrive at maturity, and, if rec ords are kept, the identity of each fowl ls easily established. A less elab orate method, and one which no poul trykeeper can afford not to follow, is to punch a hole in one of the four webs of the feet, each web represent ing a certain year. Special punches for this purpose may he purchased from any poultry supply house, but a small sized leather belt punch can be used to good advantage. The hole is punched very easily when the newly hatched chick is first taken from the aest or incubator. AU of one season's chicks may be marked on the same web, although if special hatchings are to be kept separately as high aa fifteen combinations can be used. If properly done the hole or traces of the scar will always remain and the Identity of the fowl cannot be lost Size of Poultry House. As to the proportionate size of the house to the number of fowls kept, only he who remembers that "there ls more profit In a house half full than in a house twice full," is safe from blundering at this point. The most level-headed practical poultry men insist upon ten square feet per fowl. Contrast this with the room afforded 100 fowls in a 12x20 house, less than 2 1-3 feet of space to each (which is a common sight) and judge as to the chances for eg?s in the lat ter case and take warning. MANY FAVOR TOULOUSE GEESE More Compact In Shape Than Other Breeds and Gander Will Weigh About Twenty Pounds. (By GEORGE E. HOWARD.) Toulouse geese are more compact In shape than other geese, and are pre ferred by many for this reason. The head is rather large and short, and they have a comparatively short bill that is stout at the base; the neck ls carried well up and is of medium length. They have a broad back of moderate length, which curves slight ly from the neck to the tail; their breasts are bread and deep. The body of the Toulouse goose ls mod erate In length, broad, and very deep and compact, the more compact the better; and in birds In good condition the belly Almost touches the ground. Their wings are large, strong and fold nicely against the sides, and they have comparatively short tails and stout thighs and shanks. In color of plumage they are a dull gray. The head is gray and the neck dark blue gray, which shades to a lighter gray as lt approaches the back; the back ls of dark gray, while the breast la light gray. The body plumage is light gray, which grows lighter and becomes white on the belly; the white extends back to and around the tail, covering the fluffy parts. The pri maries of the wings are dark gray or brown; the secondaries are a shade darker than the primaries, with very narrow edging of lighter gray, and the coverts are dark gray. The tail feathers are gray and white, the ends Pair of Gray Toulouse Geese. tipped with white. Their eyes are dark brown or hazel in color; their bills are of a pale orange color, while the shanks, toeB and webs are of deep reddish-orange color. The standard weight of the adult gander is 20 pounds; adult goose, 18 pounds; young gander, 18 pounds, and young goose, 15 pounds. SEPARATING YOUNG AND OLD! Growing Pullet Requires More Food Than Old Birds and Feeds Better When by Herself. Young chickens, like young people, have more or less timidity, and there fore it is not well to run young and old together, at least it is much bet ter to have them separate if you can well do so. Then again the pullets are still growing, and they need plenty of flesh-forming feed, such as barley, bone, meat, with less of fattening foods. The hen should not be deprived of these either, but she can get along on less, as what you give her will not be taken away from the purpose for which you Intended it, as in the case with the pullet, which not only needs these things for making the egg. but to go toward the development of her body. It naturally follows, too, that the developed bird will require less feed than the pullet, and because the pul let is somewhat timid she ls likely not to get enough, or even her share. The young will feed more free among themselves, and, if you can possibly do so, keep them to them selves. Poultry and eggs are high every winter. All poultry yards should have shade in them. Movable, separate nest boxes are the only kind to have. Three months should bring a broil er to the market stage. Ducks do not stand confinement well. Better turn 'em loose. The care of the fowls is one of the important things that cannot be neg lected. Exposure to hot weather ls SB dan gerous to the egg crop as ls exposure to cold weather. Keep the dropplng-boards clean and free from filth. They should be fre quently scrubbed. The poultryman must keep every thing clean and sweet about the houses and yat is. Linseed meal is good to mix with the mash during moulting season. It helps digestion and regulates the bowels. The average farm poultryman cares more for the number of eggs a hen lays in a year than the number of prizes she wins at the shows. Rough timber used in the poultry house makes the best harbor for lice. Perches, nests, etc., should bc made of smooth lumber in all cases. For roup, try putting a few drops of carbolic acid on a hot fire shovel and then fumigate the poultry houser with fowls in lt. Keep houses dry. CONSTRUCTION OF TRAP NEST Without Use of Device Results From Individuals of Any Flock Must Be Uncertain. (By J. L. JONES. Mechanical Engineer, Oklahoma Experiment Station.) It is not necessary to dwell on the advantages of using trap nests. The primary object ls to develop a heavy layift; strain. It has been found by the use of trap nests that the number of eggs laid per hen In an average flock varies from 40 to 245. Without using trap nests, the results from such a flock would be uncertain and probably unsatisfactory. It is the ob (rv A m ?rr tn*.* Mr ?sr D Bank of Trap Nesta. Ject of the poultryman to breed and build up the strain which lays the heaviest, by breeding to the heavy producers. For fanciers, the trap nest is indis pensable on account of. the fact that in the ordinary pen there are from six to twelve females to one male. If trap nests are used, and there are as many as there are females in the pen, it ls possible to distinguish each hen's eggs, while if the trap nests are not used, this is impossible. The use of trap nests goes far to prevent the hens forming the habit of egg-eating. They are likely to form this habit if kept in limited quarters. If so kept, they are probably not given the very best food, and probably not enough of it, especially animal food. The accompanying drawings of a bank of trap nests are almost self ex planatory. The nests are built with out any top or bottom. The hen en ters through the back of the nest, brushing under the hanging wire, which releases the door. She then passes on to the next compartment toward the front end. To inspect the nest and to remove the hen, ascertain her number, and secure the eggs, the front door is simply unbuttoned and let down. It will be noticed that the two doors are fastened together wtih a cord, so that when the front door & J........ .?z""^'"^^*/."^/,.}] Sectional View of Nest. Is let down, the trap Is automatically set again. The hen will find it diffi cult to leave through the back door at this time, as the hanging wire per mits her to go one way only. These are so simple that in making them in almost any quantity, the material should not cost over 15 cents, at moBt, per trap nest. SOME FACTS ABOUT TURKEYS One Sensible Thing Is to Keep Best Birds for Breeding and Send Others to Market Turkeys kept for breeding stock should be the best that there is in the flock. It. is difficult for some people to keep their best turkeys and send the others to market, but it's the only sensible way to do. The habit of selling the best ls not characteristic of only the leaBt intelligent people; it is common with the peop'.o who have raised turkeys all their lives, and people who would not think of breeding other stock of the farm in such a careless way. These people have attained the success and profltB In turkey raising that are enjoyed by the man who handles them as fairly as he does his cows and hogs. The best care In tho world can do little with poorly bred poultB and turkey chicks. You cannot expect large turkeys from small breeders. Size ls not the only thing to be con sidered In selecting the stock; thrift and firmness have as much to do with the choice as the size; big, well-built bodies and legs to be desired alBo. And on top of all, do not ruin the vigor of your strain by too early breeding. Fresh Air lt Needed. Fowls are obliged to throw off much of the waste of the body through the lungs. They do not sweat in the sense that do other animals, but In stead breathe several times faster than sweating animals when heated. To keep in god health a hen requires nearly seven times the amount of fresh air in proportion to Its size aa doeB a horse. Difference In Strains. There is almost as much difference between different families or strains of each breed, as between the differ ent breeds. Therefore, receive with nome allowance the praise or con demnation of any breed. I_* HERESY OF CAIN MUST BE OVERCOME THAT minister who recently came into prominence because of al leged heretical vjews gave an swer to his critics that he kr aw of only one heresy in these times and that ls the heresy of Cain. "Am I my brother's keeper?" Failure to ap preciate and to meet the obligations of brotherhood he esteems to be the one heresy of the day. In this posi tion be may be contrasted with the editor of a leading religious publica tion, who, in making a worthy appeal for aid for superannuated ministers, asked If it would not be well to shoot them rather than let them live in penury and then answered his ques tion himself by an appeal to certain j noted magnates to come to their aa ! sistance, alleging that if lt were not for the preachers and religion the workers would rise up and ciestroy or take the big plants of the country. Conditions for human living should be such that there would be no incentive for men to rise up and seize the pos sessions of others or to desiroy the ' plants of the big producers. If the i heresy of Cain were not the heresy of the times there would be no vast J labor unrest, no political graft, none , of the mammoth propositions of plun der and violence. It is almost giving indorsement to ' the heresy of Cain to hold that the men who have made big fortunes through this heresy should be called : upon to support in their old age the j preachers who proclaim the living word against it. The heresy of Cain is one to be met by the love of Jesus. The clash of words, tho rally ing of class against class, the over turning of society by tho forces of unrest-these are things that are for I eign to the spirit of the divine mas ' ter, who gave forth the beatitudes and ! the golden rule. The True Spirit. I The spirit of one who said to ! Jesus. "If I have defrauded any man I will restore to him fourfold," ls that in which men of large means should go about doing good. It is the spirit in which they should answer the query of St. Paul, "How can they hear without a preacher, and how can he preach unless he be sent?" The word needs nothing more than testi mony to the power of the life that confutes the articles of greed and that ! "opens the breath of all life in hope and joy to the masses of men. Mil lions under the influence of the prac tical precepts of business and poli tics are asking tho question, "Am I my brother's keeper?" and the scep ticism with regard to social responsi i bilities thus set forth is accountable for the total effects of wrong and op pression In society. This is the tenet of murder and rapine, it ls the tenet of avarice and envy, it is the tenet of lawlessness and iconoclasm. The work of the tiller of the soil is regard ed by the Lord with pleasure, such as that with which he viewed the sacri fice of fruits made to him by Abel. The work of the hewer of wood and the drawer of water is looked upon by the Lord with pleasure, because in the ' sweat of the brow men should eat bread while they draw with joy wa ter from the wells of salvation. Era of Heresy Passing. What a wonderful rate of progress the world ls making toward the re demption of the earth from sordid ness and greed! The reign of terror In industrial pursuits is passing. The reign of a widened sense of social obligation, ranging from the highest to the lowest, is at hand. The era of the heresy of Cain is passing. The : era of the consecration of mankind to the only known bond of permanency between them Is arising. "Am I my brother's keeper?" askB the cynic, ; and the words that cover up his mis deeds are hurled back at him in the presence of the one who taught his principles to preach that men should bear one another's burdens. No one need feel pessimistic Even the underpaid preachers are coming to their own. It may not be that they ever will be relieved from the condition of their service, the prime condition of poverty of spirit. They will, however, have the range of their work widened and the ox that tread eth out the grain will not always be muzzled by the men whoBe hearts should be open to make restitution for all that they have absorbed from others, the lack of which has dark ened those other lires. Men of big and little wealth need the gospel of restitution preached them, for selfish ness and greed are vices of degree, and all men have the spirit of Cain until they come under the power of the spirit of Christ. The one great social heresy ls being exposed to the light,*and its condemnation ls the light that llghteneth every man com ing into the world.-Baltimore Ameri can. Education. It 1B not BO long ago that Illiteracy was very common and no disgrace. It is not very much longer since scarcely anybody except the priests could read. It was only yesterday that compulsory f?ducafion became the accepted prac tice ever a large part of civilization. -Rev. F. S. Luther, Episcopalian, Hartford, Conn. Copyri?ht 1909. by C. E. 2 When the ere the profits of be counted in time to . star count is ripe; you may cond as every goo< conducted. OFFICERS: J. C. ?ppard, pres.; E. J. Mims, Cashier: J. H. DIRECTORS: J. 0. Sheppar Thurmond, Thoa. H. Rainsford, S. Tompkins, C. C. Fuller, W. E Round Trip Excursioi S. C. a? . -vi 71 Premier Carrie -ACCO National Cor Jan. 27- F< Account of this occasion, nounces very low round trip f; return, tickets on sale January 3> 5? 7? I9I3 with final limit starting point not later than mi as follows : Aiken, $2.45 Batesburg Leesville $1.20 Proportionately reduced fi tractive side trip fares from C mation call on nearest ticket -1? A. H. Acker, TP A., W. Augusta, Ga. H. F. Ca- JPA., , I r jiiington, D. C. 66 Whose If you do not get value re? you get inferior goods for v we charge you for the gcod yourself. Our 20 years e business and our "^square d< thing to the prospective buy "We can deliver the goods, man and beast. ARRIIMGTOrV I Auguste Office and salesroom 863 Brc trac P.S. Mr. M. Gary Satcher ia with u German Soldiers Are Swimmers. All German soldiers must learn to j swim. Some of them aro so expert j that, with their clothing on their j heads and carrying guns and amrauni-1 tion, they can swim rivers several j hundred yards in width. J TIAE /IN OUR limmermin Co.--No. 36. -^.TT"4^'' >ps are in,and the farm can money, the t a bank ao by doing so act your farm i business is / Pres.; W. W. Adams, Vice Allen, assistant Cashier. d, VT. W. Adams, J. Wm. J. M. Cobb, B. E. Nicholson, A. . Prescott. a Fares to Columbia, 1 Return A rr of iAe South UNT n Exposition. 3b. 9,1913 the Southern Railway an dres to Columbia. S. C. and 23. 25, 2? and 31, February returning; to reach iginal idnight February 12, 1913, Edgefield, $2.10 $1.20 Johnston, 1.70 ires from other points. At olumbia. For further infor ment, or? E. MoGhee, AGFA Columbia, S. C. S. H. Hardwick PTM Washington, D. C. ceived for your money. If /hich you pay as much as kind, you can blame only xperience in the grocery ?al" policy is worth some er and all we ask is a trial. ." Groceries and feed for IROS. & CO. ), Ga. ?ad Warehouse Ga. Railroad ks. s and win be glad to soe his friends In Touch, Always. "It is odd that pickpockets are such an unpopular class." "I can't see why they should be popular." "Don't they always keep in touch with the multi tude ?"