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Farmers' Educational TH and Co-Operative Union of America _ "n-rn Matters sf Especial Moment to the Progressive Agricrftorist Performance is a man's best pedi gree. Work never hurt any one who didn't want to be hurt. There is nothing that gives a man such safe anchorage in life as a good wife. Temptation is only an invitation; it does.not become a wrong until you ".accept it. Always keep your promises, no mat ier if doing so causes you a whole lot of inconvenience. Steps saved are wages saved, and W3??-arranged premises Bave steps. Make these plans before it is too late to change them. Tie test of neighborliness is in helping the man you dislike most of alL When a certain man fell among thieves it was his bitterest enemy that saved his life. When you seem to see trouble ev erywhere, when others* faults annoy you, and when the whole world seems blue, consult an oculist-your glasses may be out of date. The man who does right because it Is right hits the bull's-eye; but the fellow who does right merely to ap pear well in the opinion of his friends is a mighty poor shot Has somebody hurt your feelings? Don't let your feelings control you. l?et your common sense assert its au thority. "Peelings" might be defined as "what enjoys sitting on elbows purposely to be hurt" WORK TOGETHER IN FINLAND Agricultural Co-Operation Initiated a Few Years Ago, Reaches High Do gree of Development Agricultural co-operation in Finland, although it was Initiated only a few years ago, has now reached a high de gree of development This result is largely due to the work of propaganda and organization carried out by the Pelletvo society, which was founded In 1S99 for this purpose. Thus the contrary has taken pl?.--? in Finland in what usually occurs in other countries; that is, there has been a central organization before the single co-operative societies have been founded, ^must also be pointed out that the Iflflgvo was founded b_y the l?telle'ct??im^H?Ks ' of (he towns rather than by TS? farmers, because they . -alized that a prudent and well organized agricultural co-operation was one of the principal sources of jvell being for the country. After the foundation of the Pellervo Bociety and in consequence of the law of 1901 on co-operative societies, the development of the latter was very rapid. In fact, after the Pellervo 49 agricultural societies were founded in 1901, S9 in 1904 and 1,122 in 1909. In Finland the co-operative society extend its operations in the most va ried branches of the agricultural in dustry. Some of the more important societies are those for dairy products. In 1908 there were 340 of these socie ties, with more than 33,000 members, who supplied the societies with 2,(553, 910 hectoliters of milk, taken from 23S.000 cows. There were 10,912,000 package-j of butter sold, being SS.5 per cent, of the total exportation of butter from Finland. The co-operative credit societies are of equal importance. They are car ried on on general lies in accordance with the principles of the Raiffeisen banks and their business is almost ex clusively the supply of small sums to small farmers. In 1909 there were 3S4 of these funds, with 15,000 mem bers, to whom loans were granted for a sum total of 4.028,000 francs, an av erage of about 256 francs a member. The local co-operative credit socie ties are all affiliated with a central bank, which was founded in 1902, and carries on ita operations by means of a loan of 4,000,000 francs, granted to St by the state, and sm additional an nual subsidy of 20,000 francs. It acts as a kind of heart in the organism of the Finland cooperative credit socie ties, supplying capital to the small local societies, which have to submit io its control. In 1909 340 co-opera tive societies out of 348 joined the central Institute, receiving 4,000.650 francs, in loans. This centralization has been brought about, not only in connection with the co-operative credit societies, but also with the others. Thus, in addition to the central bank of which we have spoken, there is the important orga nization, the Haukkija, founded In 1905, the object of which is the pur chase and sale of agricultural require ments, the labor, constituted for the same purpose; the falio, which is a central organ for the sale of tho but ter produced by the local co-operative societies, and finally the co-operative distributive central. In 1909 the four central societies (excluding the La ibor) comprised 859 co-operative socle Iles, possessing a capital of 898,000 Irancs, their business for the year be ing 32,109,000 francs. These figures sare sufficient to demonstrate the de velopment of agricultural co-operation flu Finland, which really appears mar velous when the geographical position, the distribution of the population and H? climate of the country are taken jbito consideration. MILK HOUSE FREQUEI Exterior View o (Ey J. E. BRIDGMAN). While it sounds strange, it is true that many farmers who are making the larger portion of their yearly in come from milk have no milk house. They have a calf shed, implement house, barn, corn crib, granary, etc., all built for the purpose of caring for and protecting the various products or tools used on the farm, but they have never thought it necessary to build a milk house. Many model housekeepers are compelled to keep milk in unsanitary rooms, such as some outbuilding, the cell-.r, kitchen, or other general purpose room for the reason that there is no milk house. Milk should be kept in a room used for no other purpose, and in some states an attempt has been made to pass lawB governing the keeping of milk on the farm, that is, milk that is sold or used for any purpose except on the farm. The smalls milk house here shown will certainly cost several dollars, but ls It not worth it? The structure should, of course, be built of cement, but build it of brick, stone, or even wood if you cannot build it of cement The idea is simply a sug gestion. The screened-in porch for a workroom would come In mighty han DIVERSIFY IN FARMING One-Crop System Fails to Bring Permanent Prosperity. Not Enough Attention Given to Sys tem of Rotation by Average Farm er-Raise More Live Stock to Increase Profit That a one-crop system has failed to bring permanent prosperity to any considerable area is verified many times In the history of agriculture. However, much haB been gained by de voting certain limited areas to a one crop production. We believe the above fact to be true and that enough attention's not_given byjtbe average farmer to a system of rotation which is adapted to the soil aud climatic conditions with which he must deal, says the Gem State Rural Journal. The fact that one locality will produce fruit successfully has led men to squander their means in attempting to grow commercial orchards where only failure can possibly be the reward. A crop rotation should contain only such plants and products as are adapt ed to the soil and climatic conditions, and have a commercial value either directly or indirectly. However, it is not enough to know that a crop will grow well and produce abundantly. This is the chief difficulty nov,- where there is a superabundance of alfalfa produced with not enough foresight given to the disposition of the crop after it is grown and made into hay. Too many trust to an uncertain mar ket for the raw product, and give too little attention to the conversion of the raw material into the finished article. Every rational system of diversified farming must embrace the growing of animals and the manufacture of ani mal products either on the- farm or in the large central plants. To grow more animals successfully a wider range of farm crops is necessary. More grain and cultivated crops should be grown to combine with the staple bay and pasture crops to get the best results, and reap the largest returns for labor and capital invested. Many of the old alfalfa meadows should be plowed up and put to growing other crops for a term of years; and the newer and the old worn-out lands would be much benefitted by seeding to alfalfa. Oats and barley produce abundantly and wheat as well, after the alfalfa. All kinds of hoed crops do well, Including the potato and root crops. In growing a young orchard it does not hurt to plant some hoed crop between the trees, such as corn, potatoes or beans. This is putting into practico the theory of rotation. As the trees grow Into bearing the space between the trees can be seed ed to clover for a time to advantage, thus carrying still further the idea of growing a variety of crops on the land. But above all things see to lt that more live stock ls produced to consume the surplus and the waste material which is found on every farm, and which should contribute to the net income of that farra. Worth of a Hen. France classes the worth of a hen more for the production of meat and eggs than she does for the fine feath ers or standard looks. Some years ago tho poultrymen aimed for show rec ords, and while they no doubt gained their point, they at the same time rained the stamina and thrift of the j hen for commercial purposes. Today lt ls different. Utility has taken a 1 front seat and all breeds are bred up to conform with the ideas of the mar- i ket poultryman. \ITLY IS OVERLOOKED f Milk House. [H -a ==oi CC HESNED PORCH, J? * so: CX?VE. -w*$ t/o*? BO: a_&_B Floor Platt of Milk House. dy along about fly time and the drive way certainly would be used. The side porches are' for keeping out the sun, but they would be utilized for stor ing many things as well as for sun ning milk cans, etc. The size of the room will, of course, depend on the number of cows kept, but a room of the size given on the floor plan will be found ample for quite a number of cows. SET PLANTS IN MIDSUMMER Henry Jerolaman, Strawberry King, Tells of Methods Employed to Get 8,000 Quarts to Acre. In the famous strawberry section about Hilton, N. J., many growers set out new beds the last of July or early August, says the Agriculturist. BedB thus set are fruited the following year. Immediately after the crop is har vested, which usually ends about the first week in July, the strawberry mulch is raked off and the soil worked with a hoe or rake. Runners for new plants are put out and layered in the usual way. As soon as they are large enough they are set out in the new beds. The strawberry king, Henry Jerola man, says: "The strawberry is a vlfo wou3 Meatier, and' should'have*plenty of plant food when it needs it most. I use well-rotted horse and cow ma nure mixed. Spade or plow it under and work the soil until it is well dis tributed. "After the plants are started put some fine, well-rotted manure or com post around each plant This may seem troublesome, but it pays. It not only fertilizes the plant, but protects it during the winter. My rows are two feet ten inches apart, and the plants are every 15 inches in the row. With this method I have no trouble in getting six to eight thousand quarts an acre." If the plants are set during a hot. dry spell, they should be watered. Mr. Jerolaman always puts a pint of rain water to each plant. After drop ping the roots in the hole made with the hand, the water is poured in, and the dirt drawn around the plant. Each plant should be shaded in hot weather during the middle of the day after it is set, at least two days. Strawberry baskets are turned upside down over each plant. If plants are very large, old peach baskets or anything of that sort can be used. OPERATION OF A GAS ENGINE Plan and Illustration for Stopping Pump When Tank Is Full Simple and Inexpensive. J. W. Moeller sends the Iowa Home stead an illustration and plan for stopping a Jump spark gas engine pumping water when the tank ls full. Take some insulated copper wire, Jump Spark Gas Engine. which does not cost much, attach one end of wire to spark plug, then run wire up to ceiling where it is out of the way. Fasten with some staples and then run end of wire down to top of tank. When tank is full the water will touch end of wire and short circuit the current which stops the engine. By this plan the engine may be started and left for an Indefinite length of time, for when the tank lg full the engine will stop. Feed for Lambs. Tobacco steins chopped fine or to bacco sweepings mixed with salt are good to feed young lambs, particu larly If they are affected with worms. Treasurer's Notice. The County Treasurer's office will be open for the purpose of receiving taxes from the 15th day of October, 1912, to the 15th day of March, 1913. All taxes shall be due and payable be tween the 15th day of October, 1912, and December 31st, 1912. That when taxes charged shall not be paid by December 31st, 1912, the County Auditor shall proceed to add a penalty of one per cent for January, and if taxes are not paid on or before February 1st, 1913, the County Auditor will proceed to add two per cent, and five per cent from 1st of March to the 15th of .March. After which time all unpaid taxes will be collected by the Sheriff. The tax levies for the year 1912 are as follows: For State purposes 5 3-4 mills. " Ordinary County 41-2 " " Cons. School tax 3 " " Special County tax 2 3-4 " " Bacon S. D, Special 2 " " Edgefield S. D. 2 " " Long Cane S. D. 3 " " Libertv Hill S. D. 3 " " Johnston S. D. 5 " *' Collier S. D. 3 " " Flat Rock S. D 4 " " Prescott S. D. 3 " "Plum Branch S. D. No 1 5 " " White Town SD 3 " " Trenton SD 2 " .* Ward SD. 2 " ' Moss SD 3 " Parksville SD 3 " " Washington SD 2 " " Oak Grove SD 3 " " Red Hill SD 2 1-2 " " Shaw 2 " " R R Bonds Wise T's'p 11-4 " '* R R Bonds Pickens . 3 " "RR Bonds Johnston 3 " "RR Bonds Pine Grove 12 " " RR Bonds Blocker 12 " " " Bonds Town Edgefield 1-2" " School Bonds 1 " " Town of Edgefield Corporation Purposes 10 " All male citizens between the ages of 21 years and 60 years except those ex empt by law are liable to a poll tax of One Dollar each. A capitation tax of 50 cents each is to be paid on all dogs. The law prescribes that all male citi zens between the ages of 18 and 55 years must pay $2.00 commutation tax or work six days on the public roads. As this is optional with the individual, no commutation tax is included in the property tax. So ask for road tax re ceipt when you desire to pay road tax. James T. Mims, Co. Treas. E. C. Separate Your Seed For Planting. Fat seed make fat crops. Fal crops make fat bauk rolls. With my improved separator I can sepa rate your cotton seed for planting better than ever this winter. A postal will brin<r me. John W. Spann, Edgefield, S. C. IPROEESSIONAL DR. J. S. BYRD, Dental Surgeon OFFICE OVER POSTOFFICE. Residence 'Phone 17-R. Office 3. A i'. CORLEY, Surgeon A? Dentist. Appointments at Trenton on Wednesdays. Crown and Bridge werk a specialty. James A. Dobev, DENTAL SURGEON, Johnston, S. C. FFICE OVER JOHNSTON DRUG CO. Make the Old Suit Look New We are better prepared than ever to do first-class work in cleaning and press ing of all kinds. Make your old pants or 6uit new by let ing us clean and press them. Ladies skirts and suits al so cleaned and pressed. Sat isfaction guaranteed. Edgefield Pressing Club WALLACE HARRIS PROP. Executor's Notice. All persons indebted to the late) George W. Johnson will please j make payment at once to the un dersigned, and all persons holding claims against his estate will pres ent them at once to tHe undersign ed for payment. ?fe?*. ^* Johnson, Executor. Nov-l-1912-ll-0-3t. Scholarship For Sale. The Advertiser has a scholarship in-Draughn's Business College that itjwill sell for much less than the regular price. Any young man or lady desiring to take a course in Bookkeeping, Stenography, or Typewriter should not miss this op portunity. Apply at once at this office. ; I L. T. WAY Edgefield, S. C., Dec. 3I, 1912. TO THE PEOPLE OF TOWN AND COUNTY OF EDGEFIELD: I wish to thank you very much for your gen erous patrunagt during 1912, and solicit a con uance ot the same, striving to give you full ser vice and full values. Wishing you a happy and a prosperous New year, I am, Yours very truly, L. ?. May rx And find the market unfavorable for your prod uce? The farmer who has a telephone in his home can telephone first. The useless trips thus saved are worth the cost of service. .Under the plan of &fe~Be? System the service costs but a trifle; the farmer owns the instrument and the equipment. Write to nearest Bell Telephone M anager for pamphlet, or address Farmers* Line Department SOUTHERN BELL TELEPHONE AND TELEGRAPH Cfc SOUTH PRYOR STREET. ATLANTA. GA. fe ?i^wiS-Vifr? vrt'r-\WH, AMiya?H^.-.. ;<;;?f;.?/,i?v, .> :"V ? K??; ?U ...llA^J PUT SO/AE IN Gm, Barn Copytif ht 1909. by C. E. Zimmerau? Co.-Nfl. When the crops are in,and the profits of the farm can be counted in money, the time to start a ^ank ac count is ripe; by doing so you may conduct your farm as every good business is conducted. OFFICERS: J. C. Sheppard, Pres. ; W. Vi. Adams, Vice pros.; E. J. Mims, Cashier; J. H. Allen, assistant Cashier. DIRECTORS: J. C. Sheppard, VT. W. Adams, J. Wm. Thurmond, Thoa. H. Rainsford, J. M. Cobb, B. E. Nicholson, A. S. Tompkins, C. C. Fuller, W. E. Prescott. I