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THE NATIONAL BANK OF AUGUSTA L. C. EAYNE, Pres't. F. G. FORD, Cashier. Capita.; $250,000. Undivided Profits } $110,000. I Facilities of our magnificent New Vatilt containing 410 >afety-Loca Boxes. Differ ent Sizes aro cffereU to our patrons and the public at $3.00 to $10.00 per annum. THE PLANTERS LOAN AND SAVINGS BANK. AUGUSTA. GA, Pays Interest on Deposits. Accounts Solicited. L. C. Huyno, President. Chas, C. Howard, Cashier, TWOS. J ADAMS PROPRIETOR. EDGEFIELD, S. C.. WEDNESDAY, MARCH 13. 1901. VOL. LXVI. NO.lt 71 Diamond Watches Jewelry. Our fall stock is now ready 1 Diamonds, Fine Jewelry, Ci Silver Ware, Flated Ware, Fi (jire us a call when in the city. ^^^^^^^ Two ? Jackson Street, Near B Fine Si LACES, EMBROIDERIES, HOSIER AGENCY FOR JOUViN'S G CORSETS AND BUTT MAIL ORDER! EVERy MAM HIS By J. Hamiltoi A COO-vage Illustrated Book, containin? lainiag to diseases of the human syst cure with simplest of medicines. 1 courtship and marriage; "rearing sides valuable prescriptions, rec facts in materia medica that cv Thi?? most indispensable adjunct to e^ maileJ, postpaid, to any address, Address, ATLANTA PUBLISHING I THE PURSUIT OF BEAUTY, This Century Will, Perhaps, See Creat improvement in Human Loveliness. The artist. Carolus Dur?n, s->v* that to make humanity more beaut bo the duty of the coming Not alone woman, but man, mu then, under this necessity. "V too long I'ved in unhygiei health-hampering ways; tut ' century begins with ideas of u nen-iLiinjc lA-iim.. iv m ??? the wealthy who get the be: sanitary living and the artis cation of the eye as to the correct mou-1 els in form and face, but the children of the poor are trained in our common ! - schools to demand something else from living besides bread and butter. The| next century will see a harmonious de velopment of the human race. This is as it should be, from the art ist's point of view. It is his business to represent types to us, and at first thought the picture of a world where everybody shall be beautiful is an al luring one. But what about old age? Will beauty con'.-uer that? Or will harmonious livjng bring the elixir of life with it? Even if we all could bc young forever, and all be physically perfect together, would the world, in the mass, be any more likable? This reflection might inspire the satirist to unnumbered slashes. There is the con venient and ancient topic, for one, about feminine jealousies, which would have nothing to feed upon if ail women were beautiful; half the novelists would lose their occupation; the poets would have nothing unusual to get into a frenzy over; the stage would lack its most exciting scenes; the pulpit would miss the point upon which it hangs so many mor?is, and as for some of the yellow journal.-- -they would go into bankruptcy. To make all humanity beautiful is to nake life wonderfully tame, for hand some people, like perfect cnaracters, would be immaculate bores. What is beauty anyway? Is it not emphatically in the eye of the beholder? With the majority of us our knowledge of our best loved friends only reiterates the old philosopher's quip-and we receive them according to their appearance it may be-but we entertain them from their value to us. And in a larger scope, the men who have made the most stir in the world, if history tells the truth, have often been anything but models of physical beauty. As to the famous beauties of fable, nobody knows how they actually looked. For all we know, Helen of Troy may have worn number eight Bhoes and been cross-eyed, but so long as Paris thought her the queen of beau ty, she was indeed worthy to set a world at odds. Doubtless Cleopatra would be no siren to modern tastes, but whether she had the beauty that art and poetry have given to her or not, she had that charm of temperament which defies the touch of age and the frost of ac quaintance. No, personal and universal beauty would have no standards. Even physical standards of form which ranged to the ideal might pall. Who cares for the Ideal too near? It was never meant to be set upon the common earth, in more senses than one; it is a thing to flee before us and taunt as it flees. And as in the immatc ial so in the material. The people we like the best of all are the ones who suit us; a delightful formula, which defies standards and compresses all the infinite sides of beauty into very faulty models.-Min neapolis Tribune. - The Fir rye on Mars Explained. The-V * flame-like projection of VS ^ved in December by As ' s?f A. E. Douglas, of the Lowell V^servatory, Flagstaff, Ariz., and which revived theories of ultimate communication between inhabitants of earth and the Martians, have been pronounced projections from the ter minator, and not efforts to signai earth. A letter was received yesterday by ^5 'or inspection, Watches, nt Glass, Clocks, Sterliug incy Goods, Etc. Write for our nov Catalogue. & GO., J s?Z??????l* T'S Stores. iroadway, Augusta, Ga. tock of Y, WHITE GOODS, LINENS, ETC. L0VE5, AMERICAN LADY ERICK'S PATTERNS. 5 SOLICITED. 3 OW/N DOCTOR. n Ayers, M. t>. ? valuable information per rin, showing bow to treat and 'be book contains analysis of and management of children, be :ipes, etc., with a full complement of eryone should know, rery well-regulated household will bi on receipt of price, SIXTY CENTS. .OUSE. n6LoTi,sirSTA.GA Mr. Justice ?tahn, secretary of the astronomic section of the Academy of Sciences, from Astronomer Doug las: "Bear Sir:-The projection which 1 oUcprved on Dec. 7 at Iii hours, that is - ?~ .3 +v,o morning Ol never less m.?.. Get up at a regular hour every morn ins and work until thc things that are before you are finished. Don't drop what you have in hand because it is 3 o'clock. Be honest; always have tho courage to tell the truth. Don't depend on others. Even if you have a rich father, strike out for your self. Cultivate independence at the very outsef Learn the value of money. Realize that it stands, when honestly made, as the monument to your value as a citizen. Be jealous of your civic rights. Take a wholesome interest in public affairs, but do not let politics or anything else interfere with the rigid administration of your private duties. The state is made up of individuals. Be clean and decent. Don't do any thing that you wouid be ashamed to discuss with your mother. Don't gamble. Be circumspect in your amusements. -Saturday Evening Post. Where Artificial Limbs Are Made. An artificial limb factory is rather a grewsome place. Appliances for overy variety of crippled leg or arm are there; legs for hip, knee and ankle amputations, for deformities, arms, hands, fingers, toes. In one room web bing and leather are being made into supports and straps to fasten around the shoulder or waist, or. as is often ione in a woman's case, to the corset. Socks to be worn on the artificial feet ire also made in this room. Next door ;s the wood shop, where willow and basswood, carefully seasoned, are carv ed into the contours of natu ml limbs, jvery leg and arm being different in orm, size and character from all )thers, because each is moulded after i special model, to suit the person who s to wear it. Further on, these wood en moulds are covered with tightly Wretched rawhide, which gives lateral itrength. and this rawhide receives an :namel coating. In another room rub >er is being vulcanized and moulded nto feet and hands which are covered vith calfskin. The sponge rubber used s lighter than wood, and absolutely ?dorless. It is covered with water ?roof enamel and no change of temper Lture less than 280 degrees can affect L In the last stage of the process the eg or arm is set up, the parts put to ;ether and the springs and straps ad usted.-New York Sun. A Delft-Haven Relic. During his trip to Europe last sum ner, Senator George F. Hoar secured . piece of the threshold of the old Pil xim Church at Delft-Haven, from r-hich port the Pilgrims sailed in Au ust, 1620. On his return to Ameri a Mr. Hoar wrote to the trustees of he First Parish Church of Plymouth, lass., saying he would gladly present ; to the church if they could use it. The trustees were delighted with tie offer and accepted it. A few days go the piece of stone, which meas res about 8 by 12 inches, was re eived and inserted in the floor of the ew edifice, in front of the gallery, .n inscribed bronze tablet has been laced npar the stone.-New York un. The London Athenaeum recently noted a passage "from Ula Indiai.apo 8 News, Chicago," - J BY G. R. 0 At Grahamstown, South Africa, in 1878, I had a large collection of living snakes which I kept in glassfrontcd cages for the purpose of studying their habits, temperaments and intelligence. They were all caught by my own hands. Out in the country..on thc veldt and in the bush, I had watched them as much as possible in their native state, and nov.- supplemented this study by keeping them afterward under my eyes at home. This work I had car ried on since September, 1S75, so that I had acquired a pretty extensive knowledge of thc snakes of southern Africa. All the venomous kinds were already in my collection, and cf the harmless snakes I had over 30 different species. There was, however, a math desired one still wanting to me. ono of the larg est, most interesting, most graceful and beautifully colored cf all the snakes of the African woodland-the famous tree-snake. Bucephalus capensis, the "boomslange" or tree-snake of thc Dutch settlers. Miles cf bush I hunted through, but could never find a boom slanse. One day I had strained my foot, and it pained me ro much that I declared at the breakfast table that until it was better I did not propose to do any walking, but would give my foot a rest. Before we rose from the table, a Katfir boy came to the door with a letter from Tidmarsh. the director of the Grahamstown Botanical gardens, which said: .'Come down herc as quickly as you can. I have a larqe bcomslange in tho oak trees over the avenue." Up I jumped from the table, seized my hat and stick, and away I ran cn the strained foot. Now it didn't pain me. How could I think oi pain, while the much-desired bocmslange was waiting for me? At the other side of the town lay the Botanical gardens, but the distance didn't matter; in a few minutes I was there. Panting, I rushed in at the gate; voices rang out; a dozen men called me. They were gazing upwards into the trees, evidently watching the snake. They stood in thc middle of the avenue, each side of which was bordered by a line of leafy oaks so branching as ."'most to meet over the film. A^ ' -ibaw xii.*., . .au ca()v..j to a tree and began to climb. "Keep your eyes cn him now, every man of you!" I shouted. "I can't watch him and climb at the same time." To take one's eyes from him for a moment would be to jose him, so closely did his colors harmonize with the greenish leaves and purplish gray branches and twigs among which he lay. Shinning up thc tree. I was soon among the limbs, and began tc make my way toward where the boomslang was watching the group of upturned Kaffir faces beneath. As I was now among the foliage, I could not see him, and had to Ut the Kaffirs from below direct my progress through the leaf-clad branches. lt was difficult work, for the long snake-stick which I took with me hampered mc by running foul of the branches!" "Upward-now over your left shoulder!" shouted the Kaffirs; and accordingly upward over the left shoulder I climbed. Roon I was near the snake. I could see him coiled part ly, and partly stretched cut, at the tip of a branch. His tail was well lashed around it, his body half hidden by the leaves, while his long slender neck and bulldog head were thrust out a foot and a half in my direction. Evidently I was not taking him at all unawares, fer his eyes, exceedingly large and bright. 7'ero intently watch ing my efforts to roach him, and his inquiring tongue every moment shot forth its trembling, double-pointed tips, menacing me, as I thought, for intruding in Iiis leafy dominions. Otherwisc.be was as motionless as the branch on which he lay. I clmbed toward him until my face came within six feet of him, but still he never stirred, except for that quiv ering, double-pointed tongue, which now almost continually vibrated its fine thread-like extremities in the air. The warm sun was shining full upon him, and his great brght eyes seemed to glitter with malice, but still he re mained motionless; and yet. I believe, he was fully as anxious and as nervous as I wac. Here I was face to face with him in the tree-top. What to do, I knew not. Was he venomous? Were they true those tales I had heard of his virulent poison, those stories of lingering chronic sores caused by his bites, where the bitten part scaled off year after year, and sloughed away? I thought of theso things now and was frightened. I knew that he had not. the elaborate poison apparatus of the deadly puff adder and cobra; but still, I had seen in the dead ones which I had dissected and examined, that the boomslang was a "doubtful-snake"-that is, that he had large channelled or grooved teeth at the posterior end of each outer dental row, and that outside each upper jaw there was a small gland beneath the skin. What was this gland for. if not to secrete venom? And why was the tooth channelled, if not to convey ven om into the wound made by lt. These thoughts troubled me, and made my heart beat fast with apprehension. How was I to catch bim with safety? Seize him with my naked hands, as I was in the habit of seizing thc s?nke:; that were decidedly harmless. Hardly this. At any rate, I could not dare to grab him while he faced mc. as he now t'REILEY. did, ready to spring and grab at me. No; I would try to make him move, to follow him. and then suddenly snatch him by the neck, as he glided along some branch. Accordingly I climbed nearer to him. I got within four feet of him. I could seize him now. but it would never do to risk those channelled teeth. There fore I got myself in position to poke him with my stick, so'as to make him move. I meant to try to grab him as he started off. Little did I dream how he would surprise me. I poked him with the stick, but 'ha did not glide away-not he! He got ready to fight me. His anger, or fear, or whatever feeling possessed him, transformed him in an instant, lip became terrible to look at I drew bafk three or four feet from him. I feared him. He was now no longer the grace: thin-necked tree snake of speck green and greenish yellow. His held was f.attened out, and his neck b|d swelled to an enormous size in co parlson with thc thickness of his bo It was bloated up with thc air which he had inflated himself, color of the bloated part was entir changed. It was now a purple, skin being stretched so that the scajfes were far separated and appeared pke little green spots scattered over Ms surface. fi Very clearly, he was ready to bite me. But as I knew that snakes, wier disturbed with a stick, will bite ratier at the stick which touches them ttan at the hand that holds it. I did tot hesitate a moment, but poked hun again. As I did so, he made a dash at |he stick, and then darted away through the leaves, so suddenly that I cofld not tell whither he had gone. The rapidity with which he disappeajed startled me. If he should always mive as quickly as that. I could have^ho chance to catch him in the tries. Nevertheless, I determined to folow him. The men running along onijihe ground below and holding him[in view directed me. He was now farther up the avefihe, lodged in the second tree from :|at which he had left. The oaks spew pretty close together, so that $eir branches more or less interned. " ~'?ded from one to the o ier, -??nd ing^woulcLfol our boyncuu . was that I could not see I had to go entirely by the directon of those upon the ground beneath. By and by I came In sight of iim again. He was lashed in one of the topmost branches. When I approich ed close to him he swelled out his neck and faced rae. as if to sprinj at me. But I did not get so near to lim on this occasion, for I was still eght feet away, and was just getting ready to poke him with the stick, wher he darted off afresh in the same drec tion. Over and over again he repeited this running and halting. Perhaps he thought he could tire me out. If so, he was mistaken. I was too deter mined to get him. I dropped the stick, so thal I could go faster. On I went after him in a mad rush, crash ing through the branches. When he wouid halt. I would sneak gently through the leaves, so as to get close to him. At last he reached the upper end of the avenue, and so, panting and breathless, did I. He crossed to the trees on the western side of the road way, and I did the same. Down the western side he now came, but he made far fewer and shorter halts than before. I was coming on fast behind him. From one branch to another I often had to jump. Sometimes, where the limbs were far apart, a springing bough beneath me would serve to as sist the leap by throwing me forward, till I would alight with clinging hands on another farther on. Once I swung myself on a yielding branch over a wide vacant space, where the break ing of tho bough would have precipi tated mo to deal,-.. Still this clase through the branches was perhaps easier, than a continual ascending and descending of the trees. When the hunted boomslange had got three-fourths of the way down the western side of the avenue, he stopped once more and showed fight; but after a vigorous shaking of the branches he darted away, and crossing the avenue upon the overlapping branch es made ano?her halt on the eastern side, in the very tree from which the chase had started nearly half an hour before. Like him I tried to cross the avenue upon the interlacing branches, but their twig-like ends, although stout enough to bear him, were not suffi cient to support me. So I descended from the trees, crossed thc roadway, and climbed again on the side where ho was. Here I found him at bay, lashed in the very tip of a branch. I had failed so often in trying to grab him as he glided along the branches, that I now resolved to try another plan, namely: to snare him by passing a running noose over his head. Consequently I called for my long stick, which was passed up to mc with the noose fastened to the end of it. Then I slowly climbed toward him. As usual, he faced me. By moving very cautiously I succeeded in get ting within six feet of him; but when 1 pushed out thc stick, with the noose dangling from the end of it within a foot of his nose, ott he darted. I dashed the stick among the leaves in front of him, and back he turned. I was desperate. I could not grab him. for he was on the very outer enils of the branches, Two were so far apart that there was an open space of perhaps four feet or more between them. Across this open space he darted, and while he was passing, down came my stick on his back, not striking, but pushing him downward. Just what I intended happened. He lost his hold and down to the ground he tumbled; for not a branch was beneath for him to catch upon; j I could see hi? as he alighted on the grass, and down I dropped after him. As I touched the earth I rolled over-, for the height was probably 20 feet. I saw tho snake. He was only a few yards frcra me, but he was gliding away at a great rate over the short lawn grass. The shouting Kaffirs were pointing him out to me. Picking up my stick, I rushed after him as fast as my legs could carry me. Forty or 50 yards, perhaps, he ran. Then I overtook him. Suddenly he turned and faced me. The excited Kaffirs, well in the rear, yelled out directions, praises and warnings, but P. heeded them net. . There before me was the long-de sired boomslange, a picture of beauty, coiled to strike, with the fore part of his body raised after the manner of K cobra. His head was flattened out. .his inflated neck purple, the bifiu point of his tongue quivering in the brilliant sunlight. Now I was his mas ter, for I was swifter than he was upon the ground. But I lost no time admiring him, for I was ready to sink from exhaustion. I got my stick across thc middle of his back to keep him from getting away again. As it touched him he turned and bit it savagely. By a quick movement I shifted thc stick, and got it close to his head. Then 1 grabbed him with my fingers round the throat. He was a furious captive. To and fro he lashed himself, his long body and whip-like tail striking me all over my body, legs and face, so that I had to drop the stick and hold him with the right hand at the middle, to keep him from breaking his own neck by his struggles. Within half an hour I had him in a cage in my room; and within an hour after that, he had lost his fear of mo, and I had lost my fear of him to such an extent that 1 allowed him to glide along my shoulders and around my neck. Beautiful, gentle and harmless, he was now the gem of ray collection, and I treated him as one entitled io unusual privileges; for while the other snakes vere confined to their cages, the boomslange was a prisoner at large. He lived on some branches suspended from a v-:--~ v" miua as even'3- and drive nails as truly as any workman gifted with sight. He puts up his own scaffolds, and does as much work in a day as any man in his trade. Professor Hans Tietgen is reported to have discovered plants which are sensitive to music. One of them is said to unfold its leaves at the sound of a melody but to close them at once if discords are played. Music, it is further stated, stimulates thc growth of certain varieties. A curious old method of letting church and town lands which prevails' at Corby, near Kettering, England, was put in force recently. The par ishioners having assembled in the ves try, with thc rector in tho chair, a candle was lighted, with a pin stuck in the wax. Bidding then proceeded until the pin dropped, when the last bidder was declared thc purchaser. A thousand-legged worm was taken from the check of John Shafer of Shelby, Ohio. He was a volunteer in the Spanish-American war, and spent a great deal of his time at Chickamauga and Chattanooga. The physicians who performed the oper ation stale that Shafer was most prob ably stung by some mysterious in sect. His cheek was swollen to twice its normal size. At a banquet in Sydney, a descend ant of the Macdonalds massacred at Glencoe passed a knife, "with thc blade foremost," to a member of a famous old family bearing the his toric name of the Macdonalds' be trayers. Most of those who looked on stigmatized the action as one of con temptibly bad breeding. But one or two understood the significance and knew that thc betrayal is still unfor given. One of the curiosities of Wimborne minster in Durham, England, is thc tomb of Anthony Etricke. the first re corder of Poole, and the magistrate who committed the Duke nf Mon mouth after the hattie of Sedgmoor. Tradition says Etricke liad a quarrel with the people of Wini borne, so made a vow that he would "not be buried in their church or churchyard, under their ground or over." To carry out this vow he obtained leave to eut a niche in thc wall of the minster, and there he placed his own coffin, fixing i at the same time thc date he supposed j he would die-1691. Hf did not die, however, until 1703, and the figures were altered accordingly. The coffin is brilliantly decorated witli the arms of the Etricke family, and to prevent it from going to decay a sum of one pound a year was bequeathed to keep the niche and collin in good repair. Whilo Hie Lamp Ili lli Out io Burn. During the recent heavy storm a house near Los Nietos was swept off its foundation and carried downstream, where it lodged in the willows. The family, who vacated it. bad left n lighted lamp on tho kitchen table, and next morning the lamp was st? 11 bum- i iug, although the house had Moated for a considerable distance.-Los An geles Time?, ' ? THE HERON AS A SENTINEL Other l'.iiil? Mnva I tu pllcit Conll lonco In iii- Wmchfulneii?. One of nature's sharpest sentinels is the blue heron. Not only does he stand guard for himself and immediate rela tives, but he is unwittingly a sentry for other hirds. Ducks and geese usc him, and I have often wondered why sportsmen, particularly duck and geese hunters, do not employ a decoy re sembling a heron, or crane, as they are often erroneously called. I can assure the readers that the common wooden or canvas decoy is .not to be compared with a neatly mounted blue heron as a lure for the feathered gobblers. Not far from where I boarded one . autumn was a reedy, muddy lake, a perfect paradise cr water fowl. Where the wood road bordered on the lake was a small brook that often afforded a good bag of game. I would reach the brook some mornings perfectly cer tain that no one had preceded me. yet would not hear a solitary quack. I would also notice that there would not be a heron on guard. At other times the reeds would be alive, and I could net get a shot, for the blue heron sen try would give the alarm, spread his broad wing in his slow, clumsy fash ion, and ducks, gee-je and all would fol low him out of reach. Repeated disap pointments of this kind showed me that wittingly or not the ducks were mak ing good use of the long legs and keen eyes of the heron. He was able to see over the rushes, while their vision was completely cut off. When he was in clined to visit the brook to get a frog or a fish for breakfast, they gathered round him. feeling perfectly secure. So long as he was throwing his search light glances over the reeds and into the bushes. When his hersonship took occasion to visit other scenes not a liv ing pa lillo would disturb the placid eddy at thc mouth of the brook. I watched the situation carefully and found the heron one morning en tirely alone. I sat down where I could get a good view without being seen and awaited developments. A flock of clucks came winging their way down the lake, casting glances on all sides as if uncertain where to go. They were swinging their long line for a sandy cpit away down at the southwest cor ner of the lake, when the heron saw them and uttered one of his lonely yet complacent calls. Immediately the ducks swerved and circled into the cove where the heron was on guard and settled down quite contentedly around their sentinel. The thought struck me to usc the heron for a de roy. I drew a bead on the guard, and a couple of days after he again visited tho loira nnlv this time I carried him There was a trifling tire in a west side street the other day which caused a good deal of excitement and inci dentally gave a fat man a lesson in courtesy. The fire started in the apartments where the man and his mother lived. The man started about the time the fire did and got down four flights of stairs to the street be fore his mother knew what was up. When she discovered the fire she promptly fainted. Meanwhile the fat man stood in the street yelling, "Save my mother! Save my mother!" A messenger boy. who was passing, stopped, saw the smoke, ran up the stairs, aroused the woman and brought her out in safety. The neighbors cheered and the fat man looked uncomfortable. "Here, boy," he whispered. "Here's a quarter for you." The boy's face expressed his dis gust. "Aw, save It," he said, "and buy yourself some nervo food." The crowd laughed, tho fat mon blushed and the boy went whistling down thc-strect. He didn't know that he had been a hero, and the fat man felt himself a coward.-New York Wail and Express. Bricks in Mn?cnw. In a recent report the French consul general in Moscow writes of tho scarc ity of bricks in that city, owing to the extensive building now going on. The supply is not equal to the demand, and bricks which formerly sold at $10 per 1000 are now worth $11.20. The factories from which the supply is drawn are spread over an area of 20 miles. Some of the works are of con siderable size, and employ the most modern machinery. But the supply of dry clay is giving out and thus the domestic manufacturers are handi capped. Manufacturers are now on the lookout for machinery for the making of bricks not of clay. It is likely that bricks of sand will be largely employed when the machinery is once set in mo t'on. In tho meantime, there is a good j opportunity for American brick manu ; facturera. An Invention Probably T.ost. John G. Carter, the inventor of the ; process of making a substitute for i I rubber from cotton-seed oil, died re- ! j ccntly at Savannah, Ga. The process : was known only to Mr. Carter, and un ! iess it is found that he left instructions i and directions for the continuance of j the work, it is probable that the secret j died with him. This is a valuable il !ustration of ibo wisdom of patenting I all inventions of any commercial value, and not leaving the matter n secret. Very valuable inventions ha? been lost to the world owing to a mis taken belief that our patent laws do not give adequate protection. A firent ? titing? in Knsion'a snoot?. One of the greatest changes that have occurred in Ruston is the trans formation of the overcrowded thor oughfares around what Was known as "Scollay's buildings" into the spacious pleasant area *ve now call Scoilay square. All of tin- original is gone except "thc distinctive appellation. ?md what luis existed in some form for two centuries has vanished "like the bas- ss fabric of a vision."-Amcn eau Cultivator, i BOSTON'S BIO RESERVOIR WILL WIPE OUT FIVE THOUSAND ACRES OF MASSACHUSETTS. Four Towns to Disappear-Cemetery :ind Kuilrond to V.v Moved-state l'n.v? Datn HRes to SHU Hands for Loss of Work Planned to Provide Tor People of 1930. "The site selected for Boston's new reservoir is in one of the prettiest counties of central Massachusetts. It is about 35 miles northwest of Bos ton and about seven miles northeast of Worcester. The contour of the val ley, broad here and there, and narrow ing to almost a gulch near Clinton, seems fitted by nature for just such usage. The scenery is diversified, consisting of hills, vales and woods. Nearby toward the north stands Mount Wachusett like a guardian sen tinel. The climate is that of New England, somewhat drear in winter, but hospitable, kindly and open. On account of the rocky nature of the soil very little opportunity is afford ed for agricultural pursuits, and the population is therefore small, being only 69 to the square mile. This point, it will be easily understood, had considerable bearing on the sel ection of tho site. "To secure a supply of pure water for a multitude of people it was nec essary to collect that water from a shed unpolluted by the living or by the dead. A population o' 69 to the square mile was not dense enough to afford even a suspicion of danger. "A proof cf the broad spirit shown by the commissioners and their grasp of engineering feats in their treat ment of thc mechanical problems pre sented in planning the reservoir. The flooding of a valley even sparsely set tled meant the annihilation of homes, the wiping out of small towns, the destruction cf farms and the chang ing of the course of public roads and railways. These problems were looked upon as mere details by this daring board. "When is was estimated that a total of 5163 acres were to be taken from the different towns in the valley, to wit: Clinton, 1125 acres; Boylston, 2761 acres; West Boylston.. 870 acres and Sterling, 407 acres, and that the lands required ior the reservoir con tained six large mills, eight school houses, four churches 360 dwelling houses, a lar^e Catholic cemetery, and a railroad, all of which it was neces sary to remove, the board simply made plans for ridding a newly ac quired strip of la-d of obstructing stumps and rocks. "Three principal features in connec tion with the construction of the res The work presenting the greatest picturesque feature in the construc tion of the Wachusett Reservoir is the demolition of West Boylston and Oakdale. Both these places were thriving towns with important woolen mill interests. They had existea for a number of years, and were growing slowly hut with the steadiness of New England towns. They were model communities in their way, their citi zens God fearing and upright. "When the news came tc the good people of Oakdale and West Boylston that the 'City.' as they call Boston, was about to reach out like an octopus of thc deep, and devour their little communities, they were loath to be lieve it. And when it was understood that their homes, their hearth-stones and thc graves of their fathers were to be covered forever by the waters of a great reservoir, they rebelled. "The fact that the state fully in tended to make adequate financial res titution offered no balm. No amount of money could offset the heart-break at leaving the spot where a family had been rooted for a century. It was some time before the people of West Boylston and of Oakdale become rec onciled to their impending eviction, as it might be called. It must be said that the state was perfectly fair in awarding damages. Average prices allowed for every piece of property taken, but whenever a tendency was shown by a land proprietor to 'gouge' the board, he was fought relentlessly. In one case where a certain Italian demanded an exorbitant amount for a wooden shanty, the board needing only half the space occupied by the structure, calmly cut it in two, and paid the man only one-half of the as sessed valuation. "In awarding damages caused by the building of the great reservoir, the Stace of Massachusetts has estab lished an important precedent. When a town like West Boylston is prac tically wiped out it is understood that the owners of property must bc com pensated for the losses sustained by them, and also it is necessary to pay for damages sustained by storekeep ers and manufacturers. All this the state did, and then went a step fur ther. It passed a law awarding dam ages to ordinary workmen, mill hands and the like, who suffered loss through the stoppage of their work." "In the selection of tho site for Bee ton's future reservoir it was necessary to consider capacity and sparsity of population in the water-shed. The ca pacity required it was found after due calculation must equal the needs of a population estimated on January 1, 1900, at 1,100,000 and the natural in crease until 1950. "In 189:5 Boston was receiving some 57,000.000 gallons of wafer daily, which amount it was estimated, would have to be increased to S4.000, 000 gallons daily by 1895. It was cal culated, based on natural increase in population, that the figures would reach 252.00Q.000 gallons daily by the year 1930. This not only provided for the increase of population, but also the increased demand on the part of each individua]. It is true, if rather strange, that ?he progress "of civiliza tion means an hlcrease in use of water. The statistician of the Metro politan water board finds that each individual in the Metropolitan water district will use ten more gallons daily in 1930 than he does in 1900. The reason is not explained. "The needed capacity ascertained, it was comparatively easy to arrange the details of the new reservoir on the site selected above Clinton. The in vestigating commissioners found that by building a permanent dam across the Nashua river, just above the town of Clinton, and by constructing dikes to the north and south of the main dam, a basin of 41S5 acres, or over six square miles, could be ob tained. This, with an average depth of 46 feet, would hold 63,068,000,000 gallons of water. "It does not require much percep tion to realize that such a reservoir exceeds in vastness and engineering greatness anything before attempted. It exceeds in capacity the Nira basin, near Poona. Hindost?n, by more than a third. The mammoth reservoir Tansa, in Bombay, and the Khadak vasia, at Poona, are left still further behind. The next largest reservoirs yet completed, the San Mateo, Cali fornia, and the Croton, New York, could both be almost contained in the Wachusctt.-H. H. Lewis, in Ainslee's. ANIMALS FEAR MEN. Even tlie Fiercest of Thom Seldom At tuok, Save When Wounded. Of all Questions asked by people who have never been much out ol doors, none seems so simple to the old-timers as that which concerns the dangers to which the camper may be , exposed from the attacks of wild beasts. It is chiefly women and chil dren who ask such questions, but it is evident that in the brains of many in experienced persons is firmly estab lished a belief that wild animals are dangerous-that wolves, panthers and bears prowl atfout seeking whom they may devour. This belief is in all prob ability a survival in part of earlier days, when the most civilized men dwelt largely in the East, where might be encountered lions who would at tack them, or hyenas ready to snap up the stray child wandering away from the camp, or bears of the type encountered by the irreverent infants who apostrophized Elisha; and also in part of that time when the weapons of primitive man were so feeble and of so little avail against the wild beasts that these were justly to be feared. This feeling already existing is en couraged and strengthened by a cer tain amount of the writing of the day. The average man and woman love to read a bear or panther or wolf story not less than do small boys and round eyed children listen with pleasure to tho i-;iip< nf some venerable uncle,or from man than man ia luget&wajiioiii them. If given the opportunity, they will always slip away and run, and if they fight it is because they believe that they have been cut off from every avenue of escape. Where an animal has been wounded it is a different matter. Then, often, considerat'ons of prudence are forgotten and the ani mal acts on impulse, instead of doing what he knows to be wise; but even so there is much more danger from a wounded deer than from a wounded panther, and vastly more from a wounded moose. But for the average man who it traveling through a new country where wild animals may be plenty, who stops when he has made a day's march and is at home where night finds him, there is not now, nor ever was, mo:e danger from the wild ani ma !s of the country than from the lightnings which blaze in the summer sky. Many more people have been killed by lightning than have been run over by stampeding buffalo herds, or killed by unwounded grizzly bears, or by all the other animals of the prairie put together. One might al most say that more people have been struck by falling meteorites than have been killed by panthers or wolves. And yet from day to day the newspapers continue to print bear stories, catamount stories and wolf stories and probably they will do so until long after the last bear, cata mount and wolf shall have disappeared from the land.-Forest and Stream. Removini; a Mountain With Water. The principal railroad of Costa Rica, now about 117 miles long, is being ex tended to reach from.San Jose to the Pacific coast. The general manager of the road, in speaking of the enterprise recently, said: "There is one place on the road which has given the engineers a great deal of trouble, and which has cost many thousands of dollars every year since the road was built. This place is about 45 miles from Port Limon, and is called Bluemud. "For about 600 feet the track runs along a ledge on the side of a moun tain with the river Reventa Zon below. The mountain is composed of a bluish clay, which turns into mud during the rainy season and keeps constantly slid ing down on the tracks. We have to keep a big gang of men at work day and night cleaning the road of this blue mud, and when the rains are very heavy traffic has to be suspended. In July so much of the mud slid down over the roadbed that we could not run trains there for three weeks. "To add to the difficulty there is a lake back of the mountain and the water from this lake percolates through thc mountain and keeps' it constantly wet. The lake was drained by the engineers, but they discovered that it was fed by springs and still the mountain was kept in a wet state and the mud kept sliding down over the tracks. "At last they obtained what is known in California as a hydraulic giant, and which throws a very power ful stream of water with great force. They rigged up this hydraulic giant, and when I left Costa Rica they were washing the mountain away with it into the river."-Cleveland Plain, Dealer,