University of South Carolina Libraries
THOS. J. ADAMS, PROPRIETOR ? EDGE FI ELP, S. C., WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 20, 1895._VOL. LX. NO. 43. More than one hundred writers have/ written the life ot Mr. Gladstone, '* During the past fiscal year the num ber of immigrants arriving in this country was only 258,536, which was less than any year's immigration since; 1S79. _ -, ! A Chicago paper thinks that the trouble with San Francisco is that * 'it is too distant from the center of things." Ia San Francisco they think' that things are too distant from the center. ^^^^^^^^^^^^^ The total railway capital of thej world is $30,000,000,000, of whiohj Great Britain owns one-sixth. The total mileage of the world is 400,000, r.r.d of this the British Empire has 70,000, employing 400,000 men and carrying annually 900,000,000 pas sengers. _ ' Judge Buck, of the Superior Court of Washington, who for three days bad heard argument upon the ques tion of the constitutionality of the Barmaid act, recently passed in thal State, declined to pass judgment on the case because he had learned that his wife was the author of the bilk . i "Have you seen the fact stated in the newspapers that Bussia has begun to buy her armor plates in this coun try,'1 asks the New York Herald, "and has it come to your ears that Japan will probably have some of her new battle ships built here? Those two facts are worth noting. We are a great country." In England a distinction is made between a "village" and a "town," the dignity of town being applied only to those pla jes which are large enough to support a weekly market in the public square, to which the farmer* of the surrounding country bring for sale and baiter their butter, eggs and other produce. Young women'with fortunes to in vest in titles would do well to try Po land, suggests the San Franciso Ex aminer. In Warsaw alone, with a population of 500,000, there are 30, 726 persons belonging to the heredi tary nobility, and 9257 "personal no bles'-people entitled to the distinc tion by reason of office or discovery. A curious fact discovered by Penn sylvania's Dairy and Food Commis tte t^mnch- of t he fJ^^ in little jars contains a very small; quantity of the fruit from which it, should be made. What appear to be the seeds of tho berries, explains the New York Post, are introduced into the preserves by using plenty of grass eeed. _ Bragging has brought Kansas into a sorry strait again, alleges the New York Sun. She has been astonishing the world for some time telling about, h-r 400,000,000-bushel corn crop of 1895, but now the crop is gath ered and measured, she finds herself compelled to sell her 200,000,000 bushels, the actual crop, afc the low price set by her inflated estimate of 400,000,000 bushels. j Somebody has unearthed a book written by Bartholomew Anglicus, about 1260, of which one of the most amusing chapters is on the children of his day. Of these he writes : "They drefrd no perils moro than beating with a rod, and they love an apple more than cold, and make more sor row and woe for the loss of an apple than for the loss of a heritage. They . desire all that they see, and pray and ask with voice and with hand. They keep no counsel, but they tell all that they hear and see. Suddenly they laugh, and suddenly they weep. Al ways they cry and jangle and jape ; that unless they be still while they sleep. When they be washed of filth anon they defile themselves again. When their mother washeth and combeth them, they kick and sprawl and put with feet and with hands, and withstand with all their might. " All of. which makes it appear that those 1260 boys were the same then as now. The San Francisco Chronicle ob serves: Mrs. Craigie, the novelist, known as "John Oliver Hobbes," has some sensible ideas on the folly of American girls marrying Englishmen or other foreigners. Whatever may be the virtues of the foreigner, his training has been so radically differ ent from that of an American that there can be no sympathy between him and his American wife. The American girl has been bred to expect deference from men in private as well as in public. Too often she expects more than she should, for the tenden cy of the American father is to spoil his daughters by over-indulgence. In England the method is to teach girls that their brothers are superior, and ?ht.t obedience is the cardinal virtue in women. Instead of being waited npon by her husband the American girl who marries an Englishman dis covers when too late that she is ex pected to cater to tho tastes of her husband and to render him personal service whenever he sees fit to demand it. She gets no deference, and scanty respect. This may seem a Email mat ter, but it han been the cause of muclr unhappiness in international mar* lieget- j ARTIFICIAL LIMBS. MAKING SUBSTITUTES FOR MISS ING LEGS AND AKHS. An Industry That Is a Boon to Hu manity - Various Processes of Manufacture Described-Cost of Replaced Members. TT CCIDENTfc will happen and / \ legs and arms be broken or crushed so that amputation ? becomes necessary, and then the artidcial article is truly ^blessing. It appears to be a difficult task to de termine the date of the first appear ance of this groat boon to humanity. Fer centuries tho unfortunate cripple was on object of pity, neglected and entirely at the mercy of the unskilled "surgeon. Crude and cruel methods were a'dopted by the ancients in cut ting off a limb. lt was not until the seventeenth century that any humane means of stopping the hemorrhage was discovered. Previous to that, aft?r a leg or arm had been knocked off by the use of a mallet and a ohisel, the stump was seared over with red hot irons to stop the flow of the blood. And even after all ?this torture 'the sufferer was compelled to hobble about as best he could without the slightest hope of ever having his condition ameliorated. And yet some substitute for a missing member was certainly found by the ancients, for Herodotus, who died in 408 B. C., tells us in some of his historical works of a prisoner who amputated his own foot to free himself from the shr 3kle, and was thus enabled to escape and return to his home, where his friends provided him with a wooden foot. An artificial leg was found in 1885 at Capua in a tufa tomb and is now on exhibition in the Academy of Sciences in London. At toe feet of the skeleton where this relict was found lay three vases bear ing tho date of 300 B. C., provinf^that the art of making artificial limbs is an old one. The beginning of the present cen tury, however, marks the time when ?soot FORMAT ABUT; real improvements were mad?) in arti ficial limbs and shapely legs ind arms and hands began to take the place of the crutch and the stiff and immova ble wooden peg. Although frequently spoken of as "cork" legs, that very useful material has never been a factor in the making of an artificial limb. Artificial limbs are made generally from red or English willow. This comes to the manufacturer ia blooks after a thorough seasoning of twe years. For legs, these blocke are long enough to form either the lower or calf or the upper or thigh part of the limb. Then there is the ?oct block. All the work is done by hand. Inven tion has not yet devised machinery for making artificiar limbs. The first thing the operator does is to hew the foot block into some rough semblance of a human foot, and into this is put one part of the ankle hinge. Then the skin is rudely formed and the other portion of the ankle hinge is adjusted. When these two parts are put together and connected a natural working ankle joint is produced. The ordin ary make has only the back and for ward motion, though in some cases a joint having a lateral action is found necessary. This, however, is not often. The next point to which the work mun gives his attention is the toe joint. This is a simple contrivance to look at, but it is an ingenious piece of mechanism. It is difficult to get this hinge to exactly suit the step of the wearer. Then comes fae socket for the reception of the stump. This is a work of great o ire, for ia the per fect fit here lies all the comfort or dis comfort. In one end of tho original block as it arrives at the factory is a round auger hole. With a peouliar tool, shaped like a hook, with a sharp edge, the workman begins enlarging thin hole until be has made it fit the Btu mp so that it touohes with preoisely the same bearing every portion of it. If the amputation has been below the knee then comes the stout steel knee joint. Tho making- and fitting of this p?rt of the limb requires great skill. The necessity ?B found for a separate knee piece of wood. This is fashioned into a shapely knee cap, and BO ad justed that each end works smoothly und steadily in either the top socket oi the lower limb or the bottom part o? the upper limb, ?h? makin* of tho various hingen which form the joints is an important part of the work. They are made of steel and car-spring rubber, and must be simply perfect in their adjustment to insure satisfactory results. ARTIFICIAL LEO FOR AMPUTATION BELOW THE E3OE. ". When tho leg has been fitted and all the joints hare been made to work perfeotly the wood is smocthed on the outside. It is then covered with a coating of thin rawhide and enameled. But with all the care exercised in the manufacture, the most difficult task, perhaps, falls upon tho person who is to wear the contrivance. In many cases it is difficult to learn to use it. According to all accounts people have more trouble learning the use of an ar tificial arm or hand than they do the leg. If but one arm has been ampu tated, the remaining member is made to do all the Bervice. People as a usual thing find it much easier to learn to write with the left hand than kl Ul .'l.UU'.alLJil.. getting tho knack of holding a pen or pencil between a wooden or rubber finger and thumb, but if both hands are missing it becomes necessary. In regard to artificial arms and hands some great results have been attained. The work on these is much more complicated than on tho leg, but still hands are made with fingers that will pickup a pin or handle a sword with wonderful facility. The simplest contrivance for making -the fingern work naturally is a strap which goes over the shoulder. By "hunching" or working the shoulder joint this strap is mode to act upon a mechanism in the forearm and action is thus com municated to the fingers so that they will open and shut. While it is advisable for anyone who intends procuring artificial limbs to visit the factory in person to get a perfect fit, it is possible to get fairly good results from a plaster of Fans cast. It is sometimes impossible for people to reach large cities where this work can be done as it should, and in such cases the plaster cast serves a good purpose. So also in regard to the cost of limbs. A perfect leg will oost about $75, while an arm, owing to the complicated mechanism, will cost from S40 to ?100. There are what the makers call peg legs. These are finished legs except that they have no foot. They are made with a peculiar joint at the knee, so that tho pegean be either stiff or, by*turning a screw, can be made to work ou a hinge, as the wearer likes best. The socket receptacle is hol lowed out in the complete leg, and they cai be made very comfortable. There is a wide difference of opinion regarding the time that ought to elapse after amputation before tho artitioial limb should be tried, but a fair aver age of all judgments on the matter sets the time at three months, and it will then take two weeks to turn out a limb. Remarkable Privilege of a Baron. The thirty-second Baron Kingsale, who died recently, had the privilege of keeping his hat on his head in the presence of the sovereign. No other nobleman in England had this privil ege, which came to his ancestor, John de Conroy, 700 years ago. John de Courcy was a faithful friend of Richard the Lion-Hearted, and King John cruelly caused his imprisonment in a dungeon. When the Kiug of France sent a challenge from his most valiant knight to tho most valiant knight of Britain John de Courcy had to be released. He won the battle, and then exacted as a reward the right for him self and his descendants to remain with covered heads in the King's com pany, and to salute him only with a shake of the hand.-New York World. Smoking Kills Hie Bacteria. Professor Hajak, of Vienna, has de clared that smokers aro less liable to diphtheria and other throat diseases than non-smokcru in tho ratio of one to twenty-eight. Hho learned Doctor Schiff also gives us to undorstand tuat. smoking is always positively forbidden in bacteriological laboratories, because ii is known to hinder the devf .oymvnt of baot eris,-Beaton Irawlltr. A KAUiLJSSS NUKSfiauux. Aa Important Invention Thnt Maj Prove a Boou for Horses. In one respect the human race has made very little improvement during the past few thousand years. This is in the matter or horseshoes. Our pres ent method of shoeing horses has not changed materially for centuries, and has always been rude and irrational. One of thc chief objections to the sys tem is that tho hoof is made to fit the shoe instead of the shoe to fit the hoof. This involves a lot of cutting and scraping, and is the chief cause of lamenoss and stumbling. The use o? nails is also a serious objection, as, no matter how careful the blacksmith may be, there aro cases when a tender spot will be penetrated. It is quite obvious that nature never intended nails to be driven into a horse's hoof. The accompanying illustrations, Bays the New York World, show a novel horseshoe that has been sub - jected to a careful and thorough trial on half a dozen horses. In every in stance it has worked lo perfection. The inventor is G. L. Reynolds, of Au burn, N. Y. Like a great many works of genius, tho one in question is extremely sim ple. It consists of a band of metal about an inch high, which fits around the lower edge of the hoof. At. th? base of this band there is a sort o? projecting shelf, or flange, which ii made to fit into a groove which runa around the inside of the shoe. The latter is made of steel, of the usual shape and style. The only difference THE nOBSESHOE WITHOUT NAILS. between it and the ordinary shoe is the presence of the groove and the absence of nail holes. When tho band is fitted to the hoof (which is done very readily), the shoe in tarn is attached by slipping the flange into the groove. It now re mains to clasp the arrangement by two screws in the rear. These may be turned to any degree of tightness de sired, and a moderate degree is suf ficient to prevent the shoe from com ing off. The whole arrangement may be put on or taken o fl' in a moment. As the shoo is not nailed to the hoof, there is a perfect freedom fnr that has been denied bim up to the present- time, for now the horse maj remove his shoes before retiring foi i the night. We all know what a reliel it is to toko off our footgear, especially in damp weather. There is no reason ; why the horse should not feel equallj LOWER PART OP SHOE. relieved when deprived of his heavj iron clog6. Another point of advantage, or which the inventor properly lays much stress, is tho fact that the shoe ii granped firmly to the hoof at every point. Under the nailing system the last nails towards the fear are drivor about half way between the heol ano toe. This leaves one-half of the shoe on either side unfastened. There ii thus a considerable leverage, and it ii for this reason that so many shoei come off. If this shoe is canght, 6aj in a track, at the rear end, it is almosl sure to come off. This difficulty ii obviated in Mr. Reynolds's shoe. In fact, some persons have objected to this shoe on the ground that it will never pull off in an accident, thus ren dering the hoof itself liable to injury. The fastening in the rear is made by means of a spring clinch, which may be of any strength desired. It has one end fast to the hoof of the rear up right extension of the calk, and the other end has a metallic bearing, at tached to the hoof an inch or more UPPER PART OF SHOE. further back than where the last nail is usually driven. The point of th? screws, as they are turned in, press upon the centre of this spring, and thus, while the screw presses the clinch fiimly down to hold the shoe and hool tightly together, the spring reaota upon the scrow with equal pressure. This spring eases the solid, dead blow that is ordinarily given by the hoof when the shoe is fastened by means of nails. The Limit ot Folly. It seems about the limit of folly t< hide money in a stove and leave it tc i the risk of fire, but even that line wai j passed by some unknown near Nor ' way, Ga., who stored a lot of cart ridges in a stove. A woman started i lire in tho stove one day last week anc the cartridges exploded, destroving tho fight of ono eve and otherwiee hr juriug her.-New York Sun. The late M. Stainbuloff was a col . leotcr of postage Htamps. He ha< about 40,000 of them, some of greii; value. --Mim? ?? W?ite willow, tho eho-?en wood foi the cricket bat, is said to o? dissp pearing ir om ?ngland. 1 JN'JSVV AiYD MAT. S OMI f?tAThZ ?ENTS DISSIONS IN GA?l FO? WOMEN. Styl!?!?, Combination in a Waist for Misses-Norfolk Basque for Geu ctal W Air-Picturesque Ma &ie Antoinette Fichus. ?Nthe first large illustration fancy D?nele plaid ia united with hunt er's green velvet and decorated with -narrow, dull gilt gimp and Bm all put tons to match. The stylish waisti.is arranged over linings fitted with ?ingle bust darts and other usual seams? and closes in centre back. The full fcpnts and back are gathered on at yb$e depth. A pointed yoke of velv?f covers the npper portions of fronHHid back, the front yoko extend ing lb form a stole in centre over tho drooping blouso close to the waist line.<>The neck is finished with a close-fitting standing collar of vel vet, ".and a belt to match encircles the waiak:' Fall gigot sleeves are mounted T?AND?OME WA.I? comfortable linings and corn ed at tho wrists with flaring cuffs Slvet, edged with gimp to match ? Handsome' combinations of l'and mixed fabrics can be effected ie mode, whioh is suitable for all bs of material in wool or silk. The Bt can be worn with a gored or ld full skirt to match, and serge, Bi's hair, cashmere, cheviot or ?d will nsua?ly be cho3eu for prac 1 purposes, with or without silk, -rr-o? .-o> -o? oyoling or general wear. The adjust ment is glove fitting to the waist line, below'which it falls with a slight rip ple to fashionable length over the hips, the box plaits being graded and ap plied from the shoulders and the centre of fronts and back to tho lower edge of basque. A belt of the material is worn around the waist. ? The closing ia effected invisibly in centre front under the box plait. Two styles of collar are provided by tho pattern, a high rolling collar that is closed to the neck, as shown on the figure, and a low-cut revers collar to wear with a chemisette, as shown in the small drawing. The fashionable full gigot sleeves are gathered at the top over comfortable sleeve linings and are plainly completed at the wrists. This style of basque is simple in construc tion and dressy in effect, requires no POPULAR NOR] decoration or trimming of any kind, is beooming to all figures, and for these reasons held in -general favor, retain ing to-day the popularity achieved on its first introduction to the world cf fashion. Cheviot, serge, camel's hair, vienna, covert and ladies' cloth and all varieties of smooth and rough faced suiting in plaid, striped, mixed or ohecked desigus will develop stylishly by the mode. The quantity of 44-inch wide mate rial required to make this basque for a lady having a 32-inch bust measure is 4? yards; fora 36-inch size, !.' yards ; for a 40-iich size, 4; yards ; for 42-iuch size, 4} yards. ORNAMENTS FOR THE 1IAIT!. Of lato years it bas bt-come tho fashion to wear some ornament in tho bair when in foll evening drens. Tiaras, crown? and corouet? are, of course, the handsomest ornaments, but, after all, the majority of women do not possess mich jewel*. l?hine ?tunee, which closely resemble din-, moods in their brilliant appearance. 1 are deemed permissible imitations ol the precious stones, and come inman; quaint and beautiful designs. Mercury wings are very popular, and are to bo had in all aizes. When attached to a band of the same stones they make a becoming and effective headdress, and can be worn with hair arranged either high on the head or low in the neck, or part way between. Yonng girls twist a bit of ribbon in their hair and tie the ends of the rib bon into a bow in asort of wing shape, while the rhinestones are universally conceded to be more suitable for older women to wear. The wings are often used without the bandeau. In that case they are generally fastened to a long hairpin. LADIES' MARIE ANTOINETTE FICHT/S. Tho picturesque neck draperies of tho Marie Antoinette period an? lound among the dainty accessories to the toilette ci the fashionable women. The soft, fine mull, chiffon, silk, mus lin, crepe-de-chine, or Brussels net, of which they are usually made, draped around the neck in soft folds, with the fluffy, ruffled edging of soft IT FOR MISSES. lace or fine embroidery, render them graceful and becoming alike to young and old. No. 1 is here piotured of bnttcr-colored chiffon, shaped in square or Bailor outline at the Daok, the edges being finished with frills of the chilton, edged with butter-colored Valenciennes lace. No. 2 is of white mull with deep inns ot n??i?oyuie | lace. It is shaped in round outline in black and lies in soft, natural folds around the neck. The ends can hang loosely or tied in a knot over the bust, as here presented. The quantity of 44-inch wide mate rial required to make designs flo. 1 or No. 2 is 1 yard for either a 32-inob, 36 inch or 40-inch breast measure. GOWNS TRIMMED WITH SABLE. Half of the elaborate gowns seen now are trimmed with sable, and the sable animals can be used in many pretty ways. A gown of blue cloth has H scar?" of yellow lace forming a soft vest and falling down on the skirt. The scarf is edged by a flounce of lace. The belt is a little sable with the head on one side of tho lace flounce and the bunoh of tails hang ing down on the other. The scarf vest edged with a narrow lace border forms tho front of the ohoker. The rest of the choicer is another animal with head ou one side of the vest and cluster of tails on the other-only on tho choker the head is on the side that boasts the tails at the waist line. THE LATEST SLEEVES. The latest sleeves aro lined with a thick layer of lamb's wool. Crino line, hair-cloth and papsr cambric aro no longer required to make sleeves fashionable. The lamb's wool inter lining produces just the oorreot puff, and yet it is exceedingly light in weight. It has but ono rival at pres ent and that is stiffened SW'BS, which ' is usc 1 both in sleeves and around the bottom of manv of tho n?w skirts. i'rcpirntions for the Millennium Ex hibition to be opened at Budapest ntxt .May me proceeding actively. The grounds will cover 600,000 equara meire?. The number of exhibitors ls estimated at 16.600. The Fur-Tradln<r Headquarters o! tho Original Astor. To live in a house that was once oe enpied by John Jacob Astor, fouudej of the greatest fortune in the world, U to hove encouraging surroundings. That is the situation of Mr. E. H. Clerqae, of Philadelphia, who is in THE OHIGIXAL ASTOR HOUSE. charge of the Sault pulp and paper plant of Sault St. Marie, Ontario. Tho house is situated on the St. Mary's Eiver, the outlet of Lake Su> perior. It is 6aid to be one of the place? which John Jacob Astor made his headquarters while engaged in the fur trade, in which he made his for tune before buying real estate in New York. It was probably the furthest west he reached. The establishment of Astoria, in Oregon, described by Washington Irving, waa his enterprise, but he did not go there. Astor arrived in New York in 1783, and a chance acquaintance with a fur rier on the ship decided him to enter the fer trade. At first he exported furs from Canada to England and re* imported them to tbis country. Then a treaty with Great Britain enabled him to organize tho fur trade in the United States. In 1809 he in- j corporated the American Fur Com-1 pany in the State of New York. After-1 wards he organized the Southwest 1 Company, with authority from the Government to trade in the Indian ; Territory along the Canadian border. Thia company included the Mack- ; inaw Company, a British corporation, and certain members of the Northwest Company, the greatest trading asso ciation in Canada. Many of Astor's hunters and trappers were Canadians. Astor's company was suppressed by the War of 1812. It is said that he made two million dollars in furs and the China trade be fore he began his accumulation of real estate. The old house is built of very heavy logs, '?videntlv with a viW tn (Wonse -ul ???M?? .viosc, wuuru scientific forestry is to be practiced, and experiments made in acclimating valuable foreign trees, and in the most profitable management of tho native species ; but every one does not know that his plan inoludes horticulture and agriculture aa well as forestry, and that ho wishes and hopes to make his experience valuable to American farmers and land owners everywhere. ! With this view, he proposes to build on his property a little village, in- ' eluding not only a hotel, but houses and stores, where people interested in agriculture, who come properly intro duced, may rent rooms or houses for themselves and their families, for such time as they mav desire to study the work going on upon the estate. There can be no doubt that there will be plenty of applicants, for nowhere else in this country can such opportunities for advanced study of the sort be found. Fortunately for his country men, Mr. Vanderbilt is not only able, but willing, to expend large sums of money in experimtnts which may re turn, for the present, nothing but ad vances in .scientific kuowledge ; and it is just these experiments which are, perhaps, in the end, most valuable to the country.-American Arohitect. An Undutiful Son. General Skobeleff, the famous Rus sian soldier, was a notorious son. Hu father happened to be a General also. Skobeleff, Sr., took care of his worldly goods, while Skobeleff, Jr., had no re gard for money-that is, when he had any. So long as the father was the son's superior in rank things went al! ; right for the father, but when the son was promoted over the father's head there came a sad ohange. Whenevei his martial progenitor refused to give him money Skobeleff, Jr., threatened to order the poor old man under ar rest, and sometimes did not hesitate to execute his threat, despite thi prayers and tears of the unlucky par ent. He always had money hence forth.-New York World. Hov?' hindnstan Was Named. Hindnstau was so called irotn the River Hindus. The buffix stan is ol Persian origin, aud is often found in the names of Orieotal countries. A New Factor in Civilization. The raotocycle, as the horseless car- j riage is to be named ia future, has 1 come to stay. At Tua^ridge Wells an exhibition of these vehicles 'has been MOTOCYv Mdf, OK t'OUB WHEELED PJSTOO IiKtTM (HC. hold, and recently a uiouirvric race .?.. ?hicas? brought fha nevr wiucle si l l moro prominent;y before rtis worKi. The horse hue surnved H?' un ; will li" be nble to dofy petroieam? y Are you taking SIMMONS LIVES REG ULATOR, the "KING OF LIVER MEDI CINES ?" That is what our readers want, and nothing but that. It is the same old friend to which the old folks pinned their faith and were never dis appointed. But another good recom mendation for it is, that it is BETTER THAN PILLS, never gripes, never weak ens, but works in such an easy and natural way, just like nature itself, thar, relief comes quick and sure, and one feels new all over. It never fails. Everybody needs take a liver remedy, and everyone should take only Sim mons Liver Regulator. Be sure you get it. The Red Z is ou the wrapper. J. H. Zeilin & Co., Philadelphia. MOTHERS READ THIS. The Best Remedy. 1 For Flatulent Colic, Diarrhoea, Dysen tery, Nausea, Conghs, Cholera In' faut um, Teething Children, Cholera Morbus, Unnatural Drains Qom the Bowels, Fains, Griping, Loss of Appetite, Indigestion and all Dis eases of the Stomach and Bowels. PITT'S CARMINATIVE e ' Is thc standard. It carries children over the critical period of teething, and ls recommended hy physicians as the friend of Mothers, Adulta and Children. It is pleasant to the twtc, und never fails to give satisfaction. A few doses will demonstrate its su perlative virtues. Price, 23 eta. per A bottle. For sale by druggists. Seven Royal Beauties. Zenobia, the famous queen of Palmyra, is said to have had a light brown skin, with intensely black hair and eyes. She l<?. hf)tr tn tllfl fashl'OTI Of M>0 ..>,,.I..rn never succeeded in winning thc love of her fickle husband. Contrary to general belief,Cleopatra was not of the Egyptian but of the Greek type of beauty. A clear, milky skin, great blue cres and clouds of golden hair, made her irresistible: She also possessed a voice of bewitching sweetness. .Mme. dc Maintenou, wife of Louis XIV. was, in her girlhood, remarkably lovely. Her great dark eyes, clear olive skin and wavy, raven tresses made a pic ture good to look upon. She retained her good looks in middle age, but was very grave and sedate, seldom smiling. Empress Poll tea, who was sacrificed to Nero's brutality, was a small brunette beauty, with great, lustrous black eyes, and a glorious wealth of hair. Her skin was like polished ivory, and she was so fearful of losing her dainty complexion that she always washed in asses' milk. Peculiarities of Cats. I was talking to a veterinary surgeon who makes a specialty of dogs and cats, and learned something aoout thc latter anir-al that I never knew. Now that cats have become a fad, the information is of value. He says that the feline race, ?nstead of having less affection than dog? for human beings, have nvre. Not only do they become strongly attache 1 to places, as is generally known, but to per sons. Deaths from homesickness are very common among cats, and, of course, this ailment is incurable, and not only do they die because removed from the localities they love, but frequently the result of separation from people they are attache 1 to proves fatal. A cat is not a friend to every person it allows to stroke it. A cat makes few friends, and those are very strong ones. It may live with a family for years and be thoroughly domesticated and yet have no love for the people. Hut when a cat really loves its master or mis tress, separation will frequently cause the death of the animal, while a dog will ?corne used to new masters. Edward Atkinson recently told the following anecdote, as ilustrating a human failing very frequently to be seen:"When colton seed oil was under tho bane of popular prejudice and thc law as well, a Chicago lard-maker shipped some lard 'adulterated' with cotton seed oil to Europe. It was pronounced excellent lard. It was liked so well thai he received a great order for 10,000 tierces. But at this juncture he could get no oil.and was forced to ship the pure lard. The con signee pronounced it 'off sample.' wouldn't have lt. and the unfortunante Chicago man lost a large sum of money." The lard dealer was rendered powerless because he had bitten off moro adulteration than his factory could chew. Previous to the breaking out of the war in Cuba New York sent about fifteen steamers a month to tho ports of the "ever faithful" isle. Since the trouble began six or seven of these steamers have been taken off and Bent elsewhere or laid up, with the result that the trade of the port has Buffered n loss of more than $1,000,000 a month. It would lake a lons time lo get ibis trade back again, even if the war should stop within a short time, and the lonper the rijxht ir. kept up the more tho trade between the island and tIiis country will Buffer. WKXK a man ?nd woman are married their romanee ceases and lucir bintoij semafliota.