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..?.???.?.....?in'? JOHN E. BACON & THOS. J. ADAM ?/.At* iii VOLUME A. ; AT PINE HUUSE DEPOT, AND EDGEFIELD VILLAGE Will Keep Constantly on Hand HATS, CAPS, BOOTS and SHOES, And PLANTATION SUPPLIES of Every Kind. DETERMINED to sell as close as anybody on this line of Railroad, hi integrity is pledged to give satisfaction in every instance. The Public is respectfully invited to inspect his splendid stock of NE"^ GOODS. W. A. SANDERS. Pine House, S. C., Maa-. 4, Iv ll MPIRE GUANO! ANALYSIS BY DR. A. MEANS, CHEMIST AND INSPECTOR OF FERTIL IZERS, SAVANNAH, GA. Moisture, determined at 212 degrees Fabr. ?25 45.05 IL58 2.34 Organic and Volatile Matter Yielding AMMONIA.v. Soluble Phosphoric Acid..*.. Equivalent to Phosphate of Lime, dissolved Common Phosphoric Acid. Equivalent lo Bone Phosphate. Total Phosphoric Acid. 15.09 Total BONE PHOSPHATE. 32.94 Predpitated Phosphoric Acid. ].22 ^Equivalent to Precipitated Phosphate of Lime. 2.01 Undetermined Elements. 33.61 4.10 25.? 5.11 f ^0 TONS ABOVE FERTILISES FOR SALE. Cash, : : $65. Time, : ; $72 50. T. W. CARWILE & CO, Augusta, Mar. 4, ti ll THE DIA.MOJNT) Cotton Chopper ? Cultivator. T ? HIS INVALUABLE MACHINE, the recent invention of J. B. UN DERWOOD, of Fayetteville, N. C., is unquestionably the GREATEST LABOR-SAVER of the age and bids fair to be to the Cotton Planter what the McCormick Reaper and Mower is to the Western Farmer. It, at one operation, chops, bars both sides, weeds and dirts the cotton more effectually than can be done by the hoe-thus doing the work of from SIX to TW ELVE men, and from TWO to FOUR horses, with but ONE mau and ONE horse. After the Chopping, it is converted into a most excellent CULTIVATOR, in the shape of a Har.ow Sweep, for use between the rows throughout the season. It has leen thoroughly tried upon the crop of 1873, und bears the highest testimonials of its perfect success. It took the Gold Medal at the Georgia State Fair, as the most important and latest improvement in Agri cultural Implements, and the First Premium everywhere it has been ex hibited. Price of Machine, with Attachments, $:>5 and Freight Added. Cash or City Acceptance. For Circulars and further information, address M. A. RANSOM, AUGUSTA, GA., Agent for Edgefield and other Counties in S. C., or R. M. TA!, BK UT*, Local Agent, Edgefield C. IL, S. C. March 4, tf ll BP Ij I fra c. ; 1 fi ? *4 il \X ?X BOUQUET COLOGNE. THE BK ST m flIE-lPEST PERFUME EXTANT. PENN'S BOUQUET COLOGNE is prepared with tjiY? ?(featest care from fhe purest Oils and Extincts hy W. B. PENN-and for sale at the Drug Store ol ii. L. PENN & SON. rn tr-? 1 I m CALHOUN, MOBLEY & CO., JO TINS TON 'S DEPO T, JJAVE alway-': on hand a fill I nm] well .?el eel ed Stack of DRY GOODS, HATS, CAIRS, BOOTS, SHOES, Hardware*, Pocket and Table Cutlery, GROCERIES and PLANTATION SUPPLIES, ./Ali of whir]) we wt i 1 ?-"11 fi' f]>e W.^l prices. <tta"'> MW liaUll.wW?. NV,. ...... y\.;.-.. y.WtU(| share of y?TirT>atron?gc. (KrTHE HIGHEST CASIE PRICE PAID CA MZOVN, Johnston's Depoi. Feb 17,_ M T ' igra , JU tl. 1J DEUGGIST. JOHNSTONS DEPOT, S. C. AGAIN I vrould respectfully inform my friends and Hie public generally, that I now have in Slote a fnll line of Drugs, Patent Medicines, Toilet Articles, Perfumery, GLASS, PUTTY, KEROSENE OIL, Tobacco. Segara, In fact everything usually kept in ? Drug Store,-all new and warranted genuine. . My prices are as low a? ?nch Goods can ne soldi n ,any market in the same quantity. T. TEAGUE. Johnston's Depot, Feb 17 ly 9 fill: THIJ? (MUSE OF THE COX? PEOKRA Vii COLLAPSE. ? CHATTER FBOM GEN JOK JOHN STON'S NARRATIVE <-F MILITARY ( ?J'K?ATIO.Ws Dujl'lKO THE LATE Gen. Joseph Johnston, in bis lui ih-eoiuing work, give.? tito lbllow ?..pjpwft^fcfwj'viev. of the ii ae caueee of the downfall ol the Southon; Con federacy : M neb bas been written and much more said of the cause of the over throw of the Confederate States in their great contest for independence. One class, and much the largest-for it includes the people who were vic torious in the war, and those Euro peans who watched the .struggle with interest, as well as many of the Southern people-ascribe it to the superior population ami greater re sources of the Northern States. An other, a class of Southern people, at tribute our defeat to a want of per severance, unanimity, and lue conse quent abandonment of the Govern ment of the Confederacy in its efforts by the people themselves. In my view both are far wrong. TUE CAUSE OF THE SUBJUGATION of. the Southern States was neither want of wealth and population, nor ot devotion to their own cause on the part of the people of those States. That people was not guilty of the high crime of undertaking a war without the means of waging it suc cessfully. They had ample means, which, unfortunately, were not ap plied to the object of equipping great armies and bringing them into the tield. A full treasury was necessary to defray the expenses of a great war. The South had the means ol miking one. in its cotton alone. But its Government rejected those means, aud limited ils linancial efforts to printing bunk notes, with which the country WAK soon Hooded. The ne cessity of actual money in the treas ury, and the mode of raising it, were generally understood in the country. It was that the Government should take the cotton from the owners and send it to Europe as fast aspossible, to bc sold there. This was easily practicable, for the owners were ready to accept any terms the Government might fix, and sending to Europe was easy in all the first year of the Con federacy'?existence. Its Government went into operation early iii Februa ry. The blockade of the Southern ports was proclaimed in May, but not at all effective until the end of the following Winter, so that there was a period ol' about twelve months for the operation of converting 4,000,000 or 5,000,000 bales of cotton into tunney. The sum raised in that way would have enabled the War Depart ment to procure at once arms en-'Ugh for five hundred thousand m.-n, and j*ifi er tL..i ?Xpiaaditure * THE CONFEDERATE TREASURY would have been much richer than that of the United ?States. By ap plying the first money obtained in this way to the purchase of arms and military accoutrements, or using for the purpose the credit which such an amount of property would have given, the War Department would have been able to equip troops as fast as they could be assembled and or ganized. And as the Southern peo ple were full of enthusiasm, live hun dred thousand men could have been ready and in the field bad such a I course been pursued at the time when j the first battle was actually fought the 2l8t of July, 1861. Such a force placed on the Northern borders of the Confederacy before the United States had brought a fourth of the ? number into the field, would proba bly have prevented tho very : idea of "coercion^" Such a disposition of such an army, and the possession of financial means of carrying on war ?or years, woduN? .?ecureJ the ?meiy ?d?jsrfion " oi' such a financial system would have secured to us the ne?hs of success, even without an ?xtraordinary importation of arms ind the immediate organization of. large armies. It would have given' the Confederacy a treasury richer than that of the Uuited States. We should thus have had, to the end ot the war, the means of paying our soldiers; and that Would have enabled such of them as belonged to the laboring class to remain in the ranks. This class, in the Confederacy as in all other countries, formed the body of the army. In all the earlier part of the war, when the Confeder ate money was not much. below that of. the United States in. value, our troops were paid with some regulari ty, and the soldiers of the laboring class who had families fed and clothed them with their pay, as they had formerly done with the wages of their labor. And- so long as that state of things continued the strength of the Confederate armies was little ?impaired; and those armies were maintained on such a footing as to justify the hope, which was general in the South until the Fall of 1864, that WE WEBE TO WIN IN THE CONTEST. But after the Confederate currency B ! ' ~~ HWiliiiiml worthlesa irhrn l?'BD?cllerTr-ia^tU.'s1 pp ?'?^T^a^tcar c e - ly buy one meal for his family-and. that was the case in all the last pe riod of ten or twelve months-those soldiers'of the laboring class who had families were compelled to choose be tween their military services and the ?strongest obligations men know their duties to wives and children. They obeyed the strongest of those obligations, left the army and re turned to their homes to support their families. The wretched im pressment laws deprived the army of many valuable men of a ckss less poor than that just referred to. Those laws requited the impressment of all articles of military necessity that could be purchased. The Govern ment had the power of regulating ? the prices? to be paid bv it for all I such commodities; and its cominis Isionera appointed for the purpose I fixed them much below the market lvalues. No one would sell to the (Government, of course, when he 'could get fi om his neighbor* twice the Government price lor his horses oi-grain; consequently tin-officers ul' the Government Could never pur chase, but had always to procure sup pi i es by impressment. Nu ru es tor their guidance were prescribed ; none at least that were observed by them or known to the public, ami they were tubjet-tud tv nw KI> Jv-i-y >-iou . '.-VII I the property of Confederate cTtTzeTTS ' - applicable to military purposes was, therefore, under their absu.lutc Con trol. TUE BAD AND INDIFFERENT OFFICERS impressed what they were culled upon to furnish, in the manner least inconvenient to themselves, usually on the nearest plantations or farms, or those where opposition was not to be apprehended. The farms of sol diers were generally under the man agement ot women, and therefore were not unusually drawn upon for much more than their proportion. Hence it was not uncommon for a soldier to be written to by his wife that so much of the food he had pro vided for herself and his children had been impressed ; that it was necessary that he should return to save them from suffering or starva tion. Such a summons, it may well be supD08ed, was never unheeded. The sufferings of the soldiers them selves, produced by the want ol' proper clothing, drove many of the least hardy out of the ranke. Want of food also ia said to have had the same effect, especially in the army before Richmond in the last Winter of the war. It was by such cau>es, all due to.un. empty tieasury, that our armies-were so reduced in the last months of the war. As to the charge of want of loyalty or zeal in the war, I assert, from as much op portunity for observation as.any in dividual had, that no people ever dis played so much under such circum stances, and with so little flagging for so long a time continuously. This was proved by THE LONG "SERVICE OF TH? TROOPS without pay and under exposure to such hardships, from the c uses above mentioned, as modern, troops have rarely endured ; by the voluntary contributions of food and clothing sent to the armies, from every district that furnished a regiment; by. the general and continued submission of the people to the' tyranny of the im pressment system as practiced-such a tyranny, I believe, as no other high-spirited people ever endured and by the sympathy aud aid given in every house to all professing to be long to the army or to be on the way to join it. And this spirit continued not only after all hope of success had died, but after the final confession of defeat by their military commanders. But. even if the men of the South had not been zealous in the cause, the patriotism of their mothers, aud wives, and sisters, would have in spired them with zeal or shamed them into iu manifestation. The wo men of the South exhibited that feel ing wherever i J could be exercised in the arrufes by-distributing.clothing made with their own hands, at the railroad stations and their own home*, by fe% ding the marching soldiers, and, above.all, in the hospitals, where they rivaled Sisters of Charity. I am happy in the belief that their devoted patriotism and gentle charity are to be richly rewarded. The Reply of Ex-Secretary Itlem miuger to Gea. Joe Johnston? A FOBCIBLE DEFENCE OF THE FISCAL POLICY OF THE CONFEDEEATE GOV ERNMENT. CHARLESTON, Mar. 27,1874. . To the Editor of the Neios & Courier: . I observe by your paper of yester . day, which extracts a passage from Gen. Johnston's book, thtithe fdljows . I the anot?nt example of our forefather 6 fruit ofITgen er?i.U?>?fl?B [y^b-me other p?ruo?> ?Teat^B K: ^nJni-? of the South ern Con?t^|H^ftQ tlie blunder of the Groverrjjtuen}, a^its first institu tion, in n?V possessing. itself of the cotton crop th?vT? in the binds of the planters. ?l?5>eottou (according to the 6enera?#?buld have bien ship ped in antuW^ion of the blockade, and it woui?T?heii have Ittrnisbed-a basis for future:credit.' As I waa-ftt that time ID charge of the Treasury Department, the responsibility of this failure would rest chiefly on me; and you will theiSgjf^e not consider it out of place that Ifould correct .misap {irehensions wliiih seem tohave mrs ed yoursejf^??a^l a . Gen. Johnston. The Go(?0Ufc Government was organized in IJ??ruary, the blockade was instituted,in May, thus leaving a period of jf?ee months in which the whole cotton crop ou,, hand, say foui milk?s*-*?. bales, ought, accord titi* to the military financier, to have *&jaen got into the hands of the Con federate GW^nment, and to have been shipped'abroad.. This would have reqmre^p fleet of four thous and ships.'TS?orong one thousand bales to the ship?5?Vbere would these ves sels base bflf^procured, in the face of the notification of the blockade ? and was nojjjas) much of the cotton shipped by p^ate enterprise as could have beenJgB?feed by the govern ceeds-of '^e^o^vere in most cases sold to thflt^ernment in the shape of bills ofep?bai)ge. The superior advantage ?gfejs plan is evinced by the fact tha?jjjtliroughout the year, the governz?wt exchanged its own notes for bills\ on England at par, with which itpaid for all its arms aud muuitiomnof war. Of course fi?k vast amount of cot ton could only have been procured in one of three ways-by seizure, by purchase or by. donation. Certainly no one, at the first incep tion of the Confederacy, would have ventured to propose to seize upon the crop then in the hands of the plan ters, and which furnished their only means of subsistence. Could it not; then, have been pur chased ? At thc commencement of the gov ernment the treasury hud not funds to pay for the jabb- on which .the sec retary was wnlnig; arid the first, pur chases of the Government made abroad were made on thu private draft of ihe secretary. There wu.? not to be found, in thc whole Con federacy, a sheet ol b ink note paper on which to print a note Eoreua.-t ing this need, the secretary had or dered, from ?llglainl. a consignment ol', note paper and lithouruphic ina tevia**. thuAg^l uwithining winch ivvui capto.'*?** ^u?r roe-Ttrgrr stfas", 'Tint' many of the friends of the lute Col. Evans, of our- city, will remember that he nearly -lost hi.% lite in the at tempt to briug across the lines .>. sin gle parcel of note paper. It is with in the memory ul the printers of I these notes, that months elapsed be- ' fore bonds or notes could be engraved and printed; and these constituted our entire currency. How, then, was the cotton to be paid for? And when the mechanical diflicul ties were overcome, the financial pre sented an equal barrie!-. 1 he scheme for raising money, adopted by Con gress, was to issue Conf?d?ral.!.' notes, funding the redundant notes iu in terest-bearing bonds; and all pay ments at the treasury .vere made with these notes. The daily demands on the treasury exceeded greatly the means of .supply. Now, il instead ol' applying the notes lu the daily pay ments required at the treasury they had ben used to puicha.se cotton, the treasury would have found itself fill ed with cotton, without any money to meet the wants pf the government uutil that cotton ^:ould be shipped abroad and sold. If, instead of payment in notes, the bonds of the government had beeb used to purchase the cotton crop,1 S?ieiS tonds would hilve been thrown in the market to meet the ne cessities of the planters, and their value as a means of funding the sur plus currency would have been de stroyed. It is obvious to any one ac quainted with finance, that this would have broken down the Confederate currency within the first year of its existence. Whereas the plan pur sued sustained the credit of the Con federacy until brazen down by ca lamities under which no credit could survive. The. only remaining mode in which the cotton could have been procured by the government was by donation from the planters. So far was this donatiou from being pussible, that the treasury actually had to issue a circular iu response to applications to the government for aid tathe plant ers in making loans to them, and not a bale of the crop of that year1 was contributed to the government. An effort was made to get pledges of the next year's crop in exchange for bonds of the government. ??o accom plish this it was deemed necessary to allow the planters to ge their own price through their own factors, with out allowing the government to fix its price, and the whole amount thus pledged did not reach fifty millions, or about two months' expenses of the governuvenJ^of which perhaps one third wasi?ever received. Every one conversant with the politics of the day knows that it was the current expectation that the blockade could not be continued for a year. The Confederate Congress were so informed when they-adopted the ioternational agreement as to pri vateers. The Government. of the United States equally supposed that the war would be of short duration, as is apparent from President Lin coln's proclamation calling for troops for ninety days. There could, there fore, be no motive to induce the Con federate Government to store np cot ton as a basis of credit. When it be came apparent that the blockade and the war tyould continue, the govern ment theu made arrangements for using cot ton as the basis of a loan ; and the large foreign cotton loan ne gotiated jin Europe by-Messrs. Erlah-; ger furnished abundant resources to the, goveTnment: for.its supplies from abroad. But even to *ne lasfcitBpow "?? over the crop was restricted by th -lttjwuiuuii<?<;.^k^,Li ynjiriY***0 fc&ftj which could not be pnix-n aWojrt- ?il At no time that I am aware of wa it in the power of the government t< get possession of the cotton crop, un less it had seized the same by force and by the same force compelled pay ment in a depreciated currency; i high-handed course which could nev 'er receive the sanction of the states men who administered our govern ment. The only ar proximation to i was in the shape of a tax in kine when the currency failed to commanc supplies, and which was made as jus and equal as any other tax. The truth is, that if Gen. john ston's recollections of history were ai vivid as his knowledge of military tactics is great, instead of censuring the financial administration of th< Confederate Government, he woulc have discovered no instance on recorc where a war of such dimensions, in a constantly decreasing territory, hai been sustained for four years by mer< financial expedients, without the aid usually derived from taxes-for ii the whole Confederate war but one general war tax was levied, and ? great portion of that was never col lected. C. G. ME MU INGER. I append, as part of the history ol the times, one ol the circulars of the treasury department on this subject CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA. ' "TREAST/KY DE7AKTM??TT. RICHMOND, Oct. 15, 1861. The Commissioners Appointed lo Re ceive Subscriptions to the Product Loan : GENTLEMEN-Inquiries have been made from various quarters ii Whether during the'eontinuance of the blockade, effort should be made to procure further subscriptions. . 2. Whether the government will authorize promises to be held out ol aid to the planters, as an inducement to such further subscriptions. The first inquiry seems to imply a misunderstanding of the scheme cf the subscriptions. Many persons have supposed that the government was to have some control of the pro* duce itself; others that the time of sale appointed by the subscription was to be absolute and unconditional. The caption at the head of the lists, when examined, will correct both these errrors. The subscription is confined to the proceeds of sales, and contains an order on the commi-sion merchant or-factor of the p'anter to pay over to the treasurer the amount subscribed, in exchange for Confed er te li ?mis. The transaction is .sim ply an agreement by the planter to lend the government so much money; ami, in order to complete the trans action, a tin?e and place are appoint ed wu efl nm! "Wtrere -tue patries- msy meet to cany it out. The important point is, that it shall certainly be completed at some time, and that is secured by the engagement of the planter. vVnether that time be De cember or June is simply a question of convenience, and works no injury to either party. The government is sure of ibo eventual payment, and derives from that certainty so much credit; arid it loses nothing, because it giws its bond only when the money is paid. It is obvi us, therefore, that the subscriptions arc quite as valuable to the g-r. eminent during the blockade as alter it. The blockade simply sus pends the completion of the engage ment. It becomes the interest of both parties to wait for a good price, and the government will readily con sent to a postponement of the sale. You perceive, therefore, that it is desirable to continue your exertions to increase the subscriptions; and you are authorized to say that the "overn rneut will consent to a reasonable ex tension of the time appoiuted for sales. 2. The next inquiry is as to a prom ise of material aid from the govern ment to the planters. In answering this inquiry, I am to spettk in advance of any action of Congress. What that body may see fit to do, it is not for me to determine I can express merely the views of this department, and these must govern your action, until reversed by a high er authoi ity. It would be a sufficient answer to the inquiry, to say, that the action of the government is set tled by the constitution. No power is granted to any department to lend money for the relief of any interest. Even the power of Congress in rela tion to money is confined to borrow ing, and no clause can be found which would sanction s > stupendous a scheme as purchasing the entire crop with ? view to aid its owners. But it may be said1 that the constitution of the Provision? 1 Government may be al tered by Congress, and that it is the duty of ?x\< department to prepare the way for such alteration, if, in its judgment, the financial necessities of the country demand the change. I am not disposed, then, to close the inquiry with the abrupt answer thus made by the constitution ; and will proceed to consider the subject upon its intrinsic merits. Two plans of relief have been pro posed.. The one is that the govern ment should purchase the entire crop of the country; the other that an advance should be made of part of its value. lu either case the pay ment is to be made by the issue of treasury notes, and, therefore, if we put aside for the preeent the many and serions objections to the posses sion ..transportation and management of the crop by the government, it be comes simply a question of amount. To purchase the whole crop would require its whole value, less the amount of the subscriptions made to the government. If we estimate the whole crop of cotton at two hun ired millions and the subscriptions at fifty millions, the purchase would then re quire one hundred and fifty millions of treasury notes, and, if to this sum be added the amount of values for other agricultural products, which would certainly claim the same bene fit, the sam required would probably reach one hundred and seventy-five millions. The amount called for by the other plan of making an advance would depend upon the proportion of that advance. Few of the advocates of tinton haye, pot it lower than five cents per pound on cotton, the same rate on other^profliic may, ^therefore, T)e7*>?ry;" Sir down af about one hundred rai If we consider first, the lei jectionable ol' these plans, it tainly that which requires the est sum; and if this be fonn practicable, the larger must of sity be rejected. Oar inquiry, may be narrowed down to a pr that the government should issi hundred millions of treasury to be distributed among the pit community upon the pledge < forthcoming crop. The first remarkable featu this scheme is, that it proposes i new government, yet strugglin existence, should reject all the li of experience and undertake which no government, liowevei established, has yet succeed* effecting. The " organization < bor" has called forth many inge attempts, both speculative and ti cal, among well-established go men ts, but always with di s as failure. With us, however, tb p?riment is proposed to a.new ernment, which is engaged in gantic war, and which must re credit to furnish means to carr that war. Our enemies are in pc sion of all the munitions and v shops which have been collect?e ring forty-five years of peace fleets have been built up at our. expense. With all these on 1 they yet are obliged to expend i ly ten millions ol' dollars per i to carry on the war. Can we ea to contend with them at less half that expenditure ? Suppc that it may require two hundred lions ol' dollars ; then the propos that at a time when we are ct upon to raise this large sum foi support of the government, we t raise a further sum of one hum millions for the benefit of the pl ing interest. For it most be observed, first, the government receives no bei whatever from this advance, money is paid to each indivi plaoter, and in exchange the goy ment receives only his bund or i -or, if the cotton be purchased, goverument receives only certain b of cotton. That is to say, the < ernment pays out inouey whici needtul to its very existence, and ceives in exchange planters' note produce, which it does nut need ? cannot in any way make use uf. lt. must be observed, in thu, II place, iliat treasury notes have i become tue currency ut ihe ctuu They are, therefore, at present, measures uf valu?, lu thia vie\ is the duty ut the guvcrument to 1 it their issue, as tar. as practical *-1-tii?Mtn,Hfrt which.Is the^iijrai its currency. Every person acquai ed with this branch of political i ence is aware that if the currei passes this point it not only becoi depreciated, but it disturbs tue j relations of society precisely as thoi an arbitrary authority should chai the weights and measures of : country. If the currency of a coi try should be suddenly extent fronrone hundred to two huudi millions of dollars, that which v measured by one dollar is now me ured by two, and every article m be rated at twice its former pri Of course all contracts are disturb The debt incurred before the increi is discharged by paying one-hall former value ; and each article pi chased must be paid for at double former price. The government, fr< the necessities of war, is the larg? purchaser, and thus, "by a kind suicidal act, compels itself to pay t dollars for what one would have f< merly purchased. And, at this ra of advance, two hundred millions dollars ean^affect no more than o hundred millions of dollars wou have effected before ; or, in otb words, one hundred millions of di lars are actually sunk in the oper tion. Such a condition of the currenc the government has anxiously e deavored to guard against. The w tax was laid for the purpose of ere ting a demand for treasury notes, ur a security for their redemption. Tl redundancy has been carefully guan ed against by allowing them to t funded in eight per cent, bonds, necessity shall compel the goveri ment to issue.for the defence of tl country and to keep out two bund re millions, it is plain that every accei sion must impair and may defeat a these precautions. If the government should unde; take, for the sake of private inter?s so large an increase of issues, it ma hazard its entire credit and stability The experiment is too dangerous, an relief tor the planters muot be sough in some other direction. And ma not the remedy be found ? In the first place, let the plant?i immediately take measures lor wie ter crops, to relieve the demand fo grain and provisions. Let them prc ceed to divert part of their labo from- cotton, and make their o wi clothing and supplies. Then let ther apply to the great resource pr?sente* by the money capital in banks ant private hands. Let this capital com forward and assist the agricultura interest. Heretofore the banks havi employed a large part of their cap? tal in the purchase of Northern ex change. Let them apply this por tion to factors acceptances of planter* draft-: secured by the pledge of th produce in the plauters' hands. Ai extension of the time usually allowee on these drafts would overcome mos of the difficulties. The extension could safely reach the probable tiin< of sale of the crops, inasmuch as thu suspension of specie payments through' out the entire Confederacy relieve! each bank from calls for coin. The banks are accustomed to manage loam of this character, and will- conduct the operation with such skill as will make them mutually advantageous. The amount of advance asked iron: the banks would be greatly less than if advances were offered by the gov ernment ; and all the abases incident to government agencies would bc avoided. It seems to me, therefore, that it is neither necessary nor expedient that the government should embark upon [ ?bia dangerous experiment. It is fur I better that each class of tbe.,c^prau ..nity should* ?n(ie*vor f?-e?eu% .ita lfoWn existence by its own exertions, and if an effort be at once made . by so intelligent a class as the planters, it wiil result in relief. ?elay in these efforts occasioned by vague ex pectations of relief from the govern ment, which cannot be realize!, may defeat that which is yet practicable. Respectfully, your obedient servant, 0. G. MEMMINGEE, Secretary of the Treasury. ? -.-, The Confed?rale Collapse. A CRITICAL EXAMINATION OF THE FACTS CITED BY GEN. JOHNSTON, IN SUPPORT OF HIS VIEWS OP THE CAUSE OP THE FAILUEE OP THE SOUTH. To the Editor of the News <? Courier : The News dc Courier, quoting from the forthcoming work of Gen. John ston, gives us the views of the au thor as fo the canse of our failure. Those who ascribed it " to the supe rior population and greater resources of the ? orthern States," and those who attributed our defeat to " a want of perseverance, unanimity and even of loyalty on Our own part," are, in my view, says the general, both "far wrong." We are inclined to believe, there is now a third party wrong." The Confederate Government, the general thinks, had the means of fill ing its treasury, but the "government rejected those means." " The neces sity of actual money in the treasury, and the mode of raising it, were gen erally understood in the country. It was that the government should take the cotton from the owners and: send it to Europe as fast as possible, to be sold there. This was easily practi cable, for the owners were ready to accept any terms the. government might fix, and sending to Europe was easy in all the first year of the Con federacy's existence. Its government went into operation early in Febru - ry. The blockade of the Southern ports was proclaimed in May, bot was not at all 'effective until the end of the following wiuter, so that there was a period ol .about.twelve mon t bs for the operation of converting four million or five million. bale8:?of cotton into money. The sum raised >.? thai way would have enabled the war de p irtment to procure at once a?ins enough for five hundred thousand men ; and after that the Confederate treasury would have beeu much rich er than that ot' the United States." Let us examine the laois ai j ion which this theory rests, and rriihour i be supp rt of which it must, necessa rily fall to the ground. Tue '< crop of cott"U available lor this schemi? must necessarily havedjeeu' that of 1860-61. lt could hot have been the crop of which the seed was Jiot yet put in thu ground when the govern ment was formed at Montgomery, What was theo the crop of 1860?-61 ? Was it 4,0.00,' 00 to 5,000,000 leales, I anti was it accessible for immediate exportation ? The crop of 1860-61 was officially sta ted at ?,849,000 bales. Of tills quantity the eon s ump- j tiou of the Southern States took off ? 193,000 bales. Leaving for exportation 3,656,000 hales. Let us now see what proportion of this quantity was available in the way described by Gen. Johnston. Up to the 28th of February, the month that gave birth, to the infant government, 3,000,000 bales hadibeen received at the seaports, and the great bulk of it had been exported to Europe or been sold to the ?New England spinners. By the let of May 586,000 bales more had j been received and sold. England and the Continent took 3,127,OOoh)ales The Now England spinners 654,000 bales. It will thus be seen that before the new government was fairly organized the entire crop was already beyond its reach.. Another crop lollow?d, it is true, but no part of it was ready for market before the month of [Sep tember ensuing. This all will agree in ; and they will also agree that the exportation in any quantity was an absolute impossibility. There were no vessels in the ports pf the Confed eracy ; the last had left before the expiration of the sixty days allowed to foreign tonnage under the block ade proclamation. The only vessels* that took out cotton after that time were the foreign steamers that ran the-blockade to ..-procure cargoes of cotton for the owner?. * They ?carne in small numbers, and one or two at a time; Had the government seized one of tbem for its oWn uss, or pre vented them from leaving " with cot ton, they would have ceased to come. IT. The Atlanta Seraldmys : Joseph LeConte, who was taken to the Paci fic Slope some years ago by; the tempting oner of a high position in the California University, has made up his mind to return to Georgia, and Will carry out that intention at an early day. Georgia is always ready to reclaim her exiled sons, and she recovers a lost treasure in such' men as LeConte. And be comes id the nick of time, for the State has* use for him. We have" never communi cated with the Governor on the sub ject, and have no knowledge of his intention, but we would suggest that if Professor LeConte will accept, he cannot make a better selectio? for State Geologist, created, by the last Legislature. He has all the scienti fic qualifications necessary, for the position, while to develop the wealth and. greatness of his native State would be to hun a labor of love. fgf Many Roman Catholics hove been deterred from joining Granges on account of a canon cf their church which forbids connection with secret societies. A Cath olic member of the Minnesota Legisla ture recently applied to Bishop Grace for leave to enter tho order, and the Bishop referred the question to the Pope, who replied that the petitioner might join ii he found.nothing the^i :> conf?c?ng with his conscience or creed. jS?f" Where shall I put ttds paper so aa to be sure of finding it to-morrow ?" in quired Mary Jane of her brother Charles; "On the looking-glass," was her broth er's reply. r r ...t.-:- ,:o j. lt y ./ iii I .FOR SALE BY E. E. JONES & CO. 192 BROAD STREET, THE BEST STOVE IN THE MARKET. ^ Augusta, Ga., Mmj SOLUBLE PACIFIC GUA WE take pleasure in am iou our friends that we have i the Agency for Edgcfield and I.CX?ML Counties for this excellent and sfcuidart* Guano. Will keep ample stockaorimnd*? at the several Depots along ti ic line of C. C dc A. R. R. Planters can have their orders lilied through R. B. <fc T. WATSON, Ridge Spriug. CLINTON WARD, Ward's T. 0;^. J. M. RUSHTON, Johnston's. J. MONROE WISE, Pine House. HUI KT & BATES, Batcsville, S. C. Mar. 25, 4t 14 REGULATOR T-HE FAVOflME HOME REMEDY. This unrivalled kedicluu is w?rrantod not lo con? ?iln a t\utlk p irrlcv iii Mr.c?;tnnr, JOT any Injurioua mim r ?UulMinjic?-..but is . ?-- - ^ PURELY VEGETABLE. Conlafnin? thoa?:k>uilierui"ti?<rti*??Hja oil al.'-wiic Providence lis* ?..'?H'.II in t< Liver DUa*ce mort preta/'. It will cornall DJ eas?* caused by Derangement of tho Liver and Bowels. Simmons' Liver Relator, or Medicine, ls eminently a. Family Medicine; ainl by I>eiug k reidy fur immediate re*>ri will -ree many-au hour f suffering uud nuuiy a ?lullar m time bini doctor*1 bills. ' . After over F'Wty Yvor*' iriaMt la Atilt receiving Ute moat nnijnalifledteati montais to Ut virtues Hmm per sona of ibo highest character and responsibility. Eml uent physicians commend il as thc mont - EFFECTUAL SPECIFIC For Dyspepsia **or Indigestion. Armed willi Ulfa ANTIDOTE, all climates and chang?s ?if water and food majvlM* fared without fear. A4 a Kemi-dy In MALARIOUS FEVERS. BOW KL oM PLAINTS, lit?TLKSSNFSS, JAUNDICE, NAUSEA, . IT HAS NO.EQTJAL. It is the Cheapest, Pnn-*t :md Ki-st-Famlly Medicine in the World! M.VNUKACTUEKD otrtx BV J. II. ZRIL12V & CO., . Xi ACON. OA., ?.id PHILADELPHIA. Price, $LO0. Sold by all Ihxggists. Ftb. 17. " ly 9 ~ S. COHEN, 176 Broad Street, Augusta, tia., BEitS leave to inform . the people Qf Edge-. . Held that he is receiving a large assortment of Watches, Mocks, Jewel] GUNS, PISTOLS, MUSICAL INSTIRUMEJ? CUTLERY, NOTIONS/ . F ANj&Y^JTJO DS, <fcc. .^^Watches, Clocks and Jewelry rev, paired at short notice, and warranted. \*JF :-Also -r On hand an Extensive Assortment of DRY GOODS, CLOTHING^ Boots, Shoes, Hat*, &?, All of which he-wUl sell lower than any < other House throughout the Southern States. Give h im a-call and con vince yourself. . . .r???*? No trouble to show Goods; Remember the place-1J6 BroacTStreet _Aug27_._/\_ lv36 PIM ???TH? Are 'tinually receiving LARGE AND COMPLETE STOCKS - Of- . New Furniture ! I -. . I Aft) . ? Comprising all the LATEST STYI.ES AND PATTERN' --Of Parlor, Chamber, Dining Room And OFFICE FURNITURE 'FROM THE HIGHEST GRAD] TO THE LOWEST. And consists of every "article ?f FURNl? TURE required to furnish :a He Office complete. Call and examine at our Wari Undertaking-! Always on hand, at thelowest pricf*, ^ Beautiful Caskets amt l'as<iSA * Of our own manufacture. PLATT JBBOTHEKS, 212 and 214 Broad Street,^ AUGUSTA, GA. Julv2 iy FBiffOH S?OEEI ?r. RIVA; J 230 BRO AB St., AUGUSTA,- <G A. (Under Central HoteL) KEEPS constantly in Store a splenc assortment of CANDIES, CAKES, FR?FJ NUTS.CANNEDGOODS,? . iLj BASKETS; WINES." LIQUORS, * ICE CREAM, WEDDIN/* CAKES Which he is offering at reduced Pxii CANDY MANUFACTORY Augusta, Ga., Mar. ll.. irxr ? 4P'