University of South Carolina Libraries
2 etaiic t4urnaL anr digi We will cling to the Pillars of the Te..plv t- vrtes, and if it must fall, we will Peris amdst te Ruing. SUM"I.3, DURISOE & CO., Proprietors. EDGEFIELD, S. (EMBER 1, 1858. m .1mu gitfihe - ?ULISHIED EVEaT WEDNEIDAr MoaNING. A. SIlIS, D. I. DUIISOE & EWLAJI lEESE, -PaOI'alETonU. TES 07 SVBUCRIPTION. Two DOLLARS per year, if paid in advance-Two DoLLARs and FIFTY CENTs if not paid -within six months-.an. Tuanz DOLLAnS if not paid beforo the expiration of the year. Subscriptions out of the District and from other States, must. jvariably be paid for in advance. RATES OF ADVERTISING. All adrertisements will be correctly and conspicu ously inserted at Seventy-fle Cents per Square (12 Brevier lines or less) for the first insertion, and -Fifty Cents foreach subsequent insertio'n. When only pub. lished Monthly or :Quarterly $1 per square will be charged. Each and every Transient Advertisement, to secure .publicity through our columns, must invariably be paid in advance. Advertisements not having the desired number of insertions marked on the margin, will be continued until-forbiil aud charged accordingly. Those desiring to advertise by the year, can do so on liberal terms-it being distinctly Anderstood that contracts for yearly advertising are confined to the -immediate; legitimate business of the firm or individ ual contracting. All communications of a personal character will be charged as advertisements. Obituary Notices exceoeding one square in length will be charged for the overplus, at regular rates. Announcing a Candidate (not inserted until paid for,) Five Dollars. For Advertising Etrays Tolled, Two Dollars, to be paid by the Magistrate advertising. CANDIDATES, F'or Bherrff. LEWIS JONES, It. BOULWARE, LEWIS COVAR, W. W. SALE, WM. QUATTLEBUM, Wrz Clerk3.. LEWIS COLEMAN, JAMES SPANN, ROBERT D. BRYAN, JACKSON COVAR, F. M. NICHOLAS, EDMUND PENN, S. HARRISON, WILLIAM L. STEVENS, W617 TM. Coleot or. M.'W. LYLES, C. A. HORN, T. J. WIITAKER, THEOPHILUS DEAN, CHAtLES CARTER, STARLING TURNER, W;A. DURIEOE, DAVID BODIE, J. P. ABNEY, D. L. TURNER. M.C. BUTLER, ATTORNEY AT LAW, Office in Law Range, IQEFIELD C. U., S. C. May 15 . f 25 Law Partnership. T BE Undersigned having formed a partnership in the PRACTICE of LAW and EQUITY for dgefleld District, will give prompt and dili gent attention to all business entrusted to their care. The residence of Mr. OwENs is at Barnwell C. --that of Mri SEII.S at 'dgefield, 1. C. EMMET iEIBELS, W. A.0OWENS. May 26 . fe 20 B . GRIFFIN, A ttorney at L AW and Je Bolicitor In EQUITY, will attend punctually to all business entrusted to his care. He may be found at all times either in the Office of the Cominussloner in Equity, or in his own edfice immediafely in rear of the-Court liouse. EDGEFIEL.D C. H., May 19, 1h58. tf 47 L, M. YOUNGBLOOD, A.tto.'za.OY at Isaw, Wj~ iLL attend promptly to all business irlaced .i nda shands. 0eeat Edgeild C. H., S. C. 1 PKYSIQIAN, 5 JLL attend proiply to all business of the VYprof'essionentra-ted to Is care. -OFFscu, Edgefield C. 11., 8.0C. April 6 188 . f 13 CHE0FLASTIC PROCESS OF INSEaTING . .A.UCTXZCKZAZ T2NBT2E 'l'E iSubscriber havingk fernished himself with a1 icene touse this E W PROCEfSS of ISRING ARTIFICIAL TEETH, is now ready to serve all who may need such, with an assurance of a miore perfect adaptation, and a -closer resimblance to the natural orgaas, than can be realized by any other method. -Its perfect p0 .rity, cleanliness, freedom fie m all taste, or gulvanic .sensation, darauilitj, comfort and security, are among the advtantageselaimed for this SUPER1IOR anode of.aetting Artiacial Teeth. NA. PARKER. June 24, if a4 .rE*oW I. -a C. I. M ORSE, SUCcspNoRl & ~E A MOISE, * WHOL$ALE GROCERS, Ni'..2, Egaymse Ssesc, : NiRf8T0N, 8. C. _Jan 27. -ly 3 nam21uEv S. c0., -r--DEALERS IN DRUGS, MEDICINES, Palats, Oils, Perfumery, Ace, AT WhOLESALE AND.RETAIL. Tlamburg, Oct 6, .3m 39 Boot and Shoe Notice, ~FH mai o the shortest notice, and in Ie best inanner; the finest and nmost sub sta,.tlal BOQTS-and .SIJOES. ail orders left at his Shop will be promptly at ttdl4.l toi 'C- M. GR AY or-myself will be found -a all times in~ the Vilta..eto attend to all orders. ?N.. work to lease the shop without the knowledge ot the -s.lscriber or my A gent, C. M. GRAY. 3j h. p: pposite B. J. Ryan's Livery Stable. ~uias2.. . :- - B1 YOUEGBLOOD. tt - 21 GOVERNOR'S MESSAGE. FeniCatizens of the Senate and House of Rep resentatires: Under the provision of a wise and well-ba! anced Constitution, the close of Autumn bring with it the season of deliberation for the com mon weal. Assembled, therefore, in council I greet you with a grateful heart, sensibly im pressed by the mercies we have experienced thf past year, and with an expression of my wil lingness and desire to unite witb you in all tha can contribute to the welfare of the State, It is again my painful duty to anbounce a va cancy in the Senate of the United States. On the ith of May, a despatch from the seat of Gov erninent infunned me of the very sudden ter mination of Judge Evans' useful life, at the close of the day before-a day occupied as usua by his Senatorial labors. On the 11th, I received official information o the melancholy event from the Vice-Pgesident of the United States. Full of years, and ful of honors, possessing an honest, good heart, and a mind sound, clear and vigorous to the last his was the happiness, at the close of a well spent life, to render unto his Creator the spirit which he gave, at a moment's warning, without regret, and whilst at his post, engaged in the active duties of the high trust confided to him by the State. Attached to the Revolutionary history of his country, and treasuring in his retentive memory much knowledge of its inci dents, his familiarity with the rules of law, and with its judicial administration, rendered his industrious service on tbe Senate's Committees, exceedingly useful to that body and valuable to the Government. Learning that the remains of our valued Senator were to be interred at his own homestead, I instructed my Aid-de-camp to proceed to the North-eastern border of the State, and attend them thence to their final resting place. In view of the few remaining days of the session, and regarding it unwise, under the circumstances then indicated, to transfer to the Senate one of our faithful Representativos in the lower House, the inclination of my mind was not to fill the vacancy by an appointment. But, on learning that it was the desire of the Delegation to have the seat filled, 1 forthwith appointed the gallant Col. Arthur P. Hayne to repair promptly to the Capitol, * His com mission, dated the 12th of May, was to continue until the fourth Monday in November,(22d inst.) I now submit to your wisdom and discretion, the election of a successor in the Senate, until the 4th of March next, the unexpired term of the late lion. Josiah J. Evans. The requeAs contained in the resolutions of the last General Assembly, have been complied with us as far as practicable. In respect to the work of deepening the channel of the river, by the city of Savannah, application was made to he President of the United States who prompt'y responded through the War Department, by sending the intelligent officer in charge of the work to expih the ofthe Scientific Board me, (the Attorney General and several members of the late Legislature being present,) and his opinion seemed to be well founded, that in all human probability the prosecution of the work to the limiled extent described, would produce no injury to the Carolina side, nor impede the navigation of the Savannah Back River. This pinion was concurred in by General Totten, the able Chief of the United States corps of Engineers. The statue of Washington to which my mes sage of last November alluded, as having been roposed by the lamented Senator Butler, was ewapleted soon after. Ascertaining in March that the artist' was obliged to dispose of his rork, and being certified that it was valuable, took it for the State, at ten thousand dollars, dvancing two thousand dollars from the con tingent fund. I now ask an appropriation of ight thousand dollars, to complete the purchase Lnd compensate fully the ingenious artist. The tatue is of bronze. It his been placed in the lrphas House grounds, in Charleston, under he care of the city authorities, until the New tate lHouse shall be sufficiently finished to ender it safe in the State ground here. THE BEQUxsT OF JAcEStN.-At the request f Col. E. G. W. Butler, of Louisiana, a favor tc ward of Gen. Jackson, and by authority ronm Mr. Andrewv Jackson, the heir and execu or of the testator, I bestowved, on the 4th of ay last, his Lbequest' to the " patriot of South arolina, most valiant in defence of his country's ights," up. n the President of the Palmetto As ociation, and his successors in office, in trust for he last survivor of the South .Carolina Regi met of volunteers in the war with Mexico, r'perly known as the " Palmetto Regiment." Lhis was done by proclamation, (which is re orded in the Secretary of State's Office, at Cu umbia, in book A. A., Miscellaneous Records, age 378,) on the second anniversary of the Association, which is composed of the members emaining of that devoted regiment. This was n occasion of most grateful interest, as the As ociation was privileged to entertain, as their rator and guest, the respected and loved Quit an, who, as Major General in the United States Army, commanded the division in which the egiment served in the Valley of Mexico. Un sought as it wad, and unquestioned as it must ever be, the testimnony of that gallant soldier ad sterling pating, in favor of. the courage and onduct of the South ICaroin~ Volunteers, is riceless to thew-priceless to ph .Btjgp which ent theta to the fleld. )Mournful, now, is my ask to announe his death, This oration was his last. Ie pronounced it before the Valmetto Association, on the 4th of May, Heo breathed hs last, at home, tranquilly, on the 17th of IJily-and hi~s remains lie entombed near the city of Natchvz, on the left bank of the Missis sippi. Faithful, just and kind to our brothers, while serving as soldiers in a foreign land, we onored and loved hinm living-and now let ur prayers ascend to the goodl God to receive him with approbation into eveg.asting habita ions. RAnL~was.-Great credit is due to the emtep prising citiZens who have prosecuted with ener gy and sucoeas. tlhe conLruction of new facili ties of transportation for' passengers. and pro duce. It is notorious that travel and trade both increase rapidly in proyabrtion .o improved f~cilities, and wo necessary to the pubhie de~ these facilities soon become, that no railway is allowed to be discontimued,, .however profitlesi it. may be to its projectors. Indeed, where thc proprietors in the vicinage are stockholders, ths road cannot be said to be profitless. even al *though it be far fronm yielding a dividend, Th< capital thus invested in South Carolina may bl put down at $1l000,000, (of which sum th4 tate holds shardi amounting to $2,342,200,: and the extent $f railway in working order a 00 miles. The Charleston and Savannah naji road. beyond tihe Edisto; the Union and Spar tanburg Rlaili'oad beyond Unionville; the Blu. Ridge Jlailroad beyond Pendleton, are all unde the acte agency of their skillful and efficicn officers; -in a course of successful construction I have confidence in every, one, and trpst ti see, at no distant day, the first linking of our com mercial capital with the Glulf~of--Mexico. ani New Orleans, the second and third with th Msssijled aind Ohio, 'Ehe work last mnentione] which 1 visited in Septemnber, is progrein, through its barrier of granite with much order, regularity and certainty. Nothing seems to be wanting to its completion in the course of three years but an ample-aupply of means. Twenty two hundred feet of tunnel had been cut into the Stump House Mountain, (thirty-six hundred remaining.) Since that time the middle tunnel has been completed so far as to admit the pas sage of a horse and cart. The masonry at Twenty-six Mile Creek, Seneca River and else where, is advancing satisfactorily, and soon the cars will be steaming up to the foot of the mountain. The change which is going on in the region through which it paws, must be wit nessed to be realized. Indeed, it is not suffi ciently realized by the inhabitants of the vicin age generally, but the loss to them would be most sadly realized should the work, by any posibility, be stopped. I cannot bring myself to think of such a possibility to a work in which the pride of the State, as well as the welfare and inestimable value of a closer and more direct association with our neighbors of Tennessee, Kentucky, Alabama and Mississippi, is concern ed. So important do I hold this inter-commu nication to us, that I believe it will be the poli cy of the State, as soon as the route by the Rabun Gal) is completed and in full opiration, to lend her means, with the ski!l and enermy of her engineers, to pushing forward another route-of travel to Eastern Tennessee, by either the Gremville or the Spartanburg Road. Bonds for the last enstanent of the State subscription to the Blue Ridge Railroad of $200,000, was signed by me on the 25th October last. MILITIA SYsTE.M.-The militiasystem, though far from being perfect, and admitting of amend ment in certain details, we must not be induced to abandon because of its interference with the convenience of a citizen, or the exaction of fines from defaulters oblivious of their public duties. It has produced in the service of the country some of the best soldiers outside of the regular army. The days of 1776-80, must never become so remote, .nor can, the memory of a gallant ancestry be so forgottten as to per nitrtheir posterity, the men of the day, how ever great the love of ease, to overlook the fact, that their liberties, as well as the public peace, are in their own keeping, and depend upon their own vigilance and ability to protect and defend I them. At -any and all moments the citizen is liable to be called into the field. How impor tant, therefore, that he should not only culti vate steady habits of temperance and obedience himself, but also encourage them in others how important, by associating 'at muster with' the men in his beat, to know who will be relia ble in the time of trial, upon whow ho may der I pend for the confident touch of the elbow when facing danger, or in combat. This bend of con- I fidence is soon formed among the members of I the volunteer company; the same may be real- I Ized by a person who has done his regular tour. of duty in the beat compaqy - upon the man, whose study is how to avoid duty, all reasoning will be lost. was gratified to find the officers generally With whom I communicated, intelligent and intent to know their duty, as well as willing and ju-tly proud to discharge it. To their number, the graduating classes of the Citadel Acadenay an nually addofliersalreatly instructed and trained. Among the Generals, of Division and Brigade, I recognized a proper estimate of their position, together with a knowledge of and attention to' business, which cannot fail to give increased confidence in the usefulness and value of the I system. The late Brigadier General Percifer F. Smith, of the United States Army, one of 1 the most efficient and intelligent officers in the service, was appointed from the militia of his' State, lie it wa< who planned the battle of Contreras, the first which was fought in the Valley of Mexico-the critical event upon which depended the fortunes of the' American Flag, and the fate of the army. Nothing could have been more boldly designed, or more skillfully executed, than this brilliant blow dealt so etlec tively upon the enemy at the break of day. The State Agricultural Society is dispeiising, much information and encouragement amongst farmers, whose domestic habits are not favora ble to aggregation, and who, therefore, are al way beefitedby the stimulus of agricultural exhiitins.District societies have been organ-: izd, and Fairs hel at many places, in prepara tion for the great annual meeting of thme State Society. The Fair just closed exhibited stock of all kinds, implements of husbandry, fruits and grain 'f superior order ; besides very nu merousspecimens of ingenious hiandiwork, many of which are but recently developed. The as semblage of substantial population was very great, among whom premiums were distributed toa og mut. The Executive Committee willpubish inthe course of the winter, a vol nine of proceedings, in which will be tound a programme of the agricultural schools in France. FrNANCE AND '.3ANiis.-The report of the Comptroller General will explain the condition of the finances. The permanent debt of the State, including one million fifty-one thousand four hundred and- twenty-two 09-100 dollars ($1,051,422 09-100) United States surplus reve-' hue on deposit, amounts to four mnilion four, hundred aiad forpty-fu~r thousand one hundred andsixty-five05-100 dollars ($4,444,164 0Q-100,) three-fourths of which sum is invested im raif ways and in the erection of the New State Capitol. The sinking fund now amounts to 1,843,803 37-100, which, in my opinion, should e'Iuypsted ja State stocks or bends. Of the sjck signed under thp 4cp of 1856 by the Gov ernor and the Comptrolley Qenerel, for building the New State Capitol, ningty-two capti cte have been issued, equal to two hundre and fifty thousand dollars (u9250,000,) the remain der have been cancelled and left in the handlsof the Treasurer of the Lower Division. Of the stock authorized by the Act of 1857, forty-six certificates have been issued, cqual to three hundred thousand dollars, ($300,000,) the re mainder have been cancelled and lett in the hands of the Treasurer of the Lower Division. The material structure itself is advancing with sure an4 -rpeqsqnable progress, so as -to exhibit the line proportions qf $hp Ibespumn story, T~he public archives haye not lbeen i pmovpcl, 46Weyer, the order for their removal not haying been made by ltha two lionses? I bpg leave to refer to the Governovis M04saIg0 NQ, gI, of Inst year1 toucing this subject. On -the books iof thjs Brnch Banik of the State at Ooumrulaiia, there is a balance of $1,650,00 at credit of the fund fur the relief of the widows and orphans of the Palmetto Regiment, which I think inay .well be intrusted for disbursement to the discretion of pthe ?alwetto Association. As to the binks, trusting to the oggefjence and superior wisdom of umembers, I will not occupy yum wi$h any suggestions of my own, .far'ther than to ask for the repeal of the usury laws, and to recomamenil .bIity and as little legislation as possible. I would 'willingly 4iminish thp rnpnber. of banks when existing scharters expire. Nu4~ hzyf rg once..chartered a bank .upon a basis ensurmng duo responsiiilitj,~I would trust its Board of Directors. to manage the monopoly upon the -recognized principles of banking, and the gov erning. course .of business, interfering not by ,,temporary laws, harsh. restrictions and -penal 1ies, belieying, as I~dp, thttegreatsecurnty to the mmmii~itY for the failisfll ma'nagement of a ban t--:ter of thc persons -. . - THE - irmis of my message - ' -L.n to re commen -: d - .n of the criminal -s to pro vide for - - 'We of trust and the . - - '' 1-- district offices art --r. : kept for the mos ' .- eli bea ted cour -o excep tions as, . or - unr . building the cour -X J d not .e Solici tors will :. a:s f Public Buildings - rr. 'eticable. As little t;-- 'owed to elapse befo . Some of the pub . . a to dam age from di -bents of those office >e intel ligent and .. -- --of the Clerk's offi -- n - nume rous copies of the General As. -n- -ear to year. It wo - - I here after all surplu opi. -tesolu tions distrib" --.ry, an nually, to th Con missioners, t - - - es, and other citizen. - rk and the Sheriff; - t (I only to registe: h. - .r that purpose by t - - - -v dis tricts has bee --, - i the coumt house. -here this:is the cas- coy ered conveya.-. obliges him tc us tice. Escapes.. . t year than I ar. ticers in charge think each jail around it, fWr and( exercise ofw Law, are ena.-e benefit of societ 111on s~ -e, they penal law is famn - .. r the PrUI#PIcf Ur the community lhy piip indviu crmi . 1d indvidal ciml asar offenders aganat tie Mojadgood ord r of society-thereby holdin out to all such as may be tempted to follow ir example, a be nevolent and wholesonie 4.rning. Hence, re garding the criminal law a ving for its ulti mate end reformation, as -as for its imme diate object, due punishme thewrong-doer, I have sometimes in com tion substituted one kind of punIshment f another, where it semied to rne, upon the ave tation of relii ble citizens in the vicinage, were sufilent grounds for such interposi ; In a very few instances. full pardons haYve n granted for tjie want of facilities for sepsfagind solitary con finement. At Charleston d Columbia--the points at which your Coii. Appeals assem bles, or t some ns alubri locality, acceut b6. at all seasons (f tho -ch facilities aidofhe w presbng capit puriishment in certaiii c:&e5. It is much to be regrtteJ that under a sys tem of. oind law, with..incumbents of reputed ivorth and character in; exectitive, judicial and police oflices, and with citir ns solicitin; oflcp as soon as vacant, it khould deemed necessapy in any part of the State to force and sustain law by means of clubs and v -lant committees. It it be odiouslo administer lie law, let no of ficer be appointed for this p . If it be ne cessary for a faithful officer o apologise to the public whenever he does' his uty, the law will become a mockery, and In -p -pretence of jis tice, the oficer a ridiculous and-expensive ya geant. Order in societyie e and good under standing among neighbors, best attained by adherence to laiw on the par of all persons, and is preserved by Wailhful ani 'efficient officers. P'olicy deumamis certainty p punishment, and for the first offence this may revent the occur rence of the second. In t management of charitable and trust funds, . suggest that the officers of the Court be einjuhned by law to re quire loans to bie secured bf miortgage of real. psgt.'te insteadh of per-sonal utrety, or to invest in stocks of this 8tats. I ill as venture to suggest that admmiistrators,frustee.s and guar dians, should 'not use, in thir busines.' transac tions, the funds entrusted! to- their keeping. Separate and distinct acconets kept with equal accuracy and care, will ultimately be more sat isfactory to both guardian and ward, and more productive of safe precedenti FEDE# 45 RELATIo~s-IlereWi th I transmit resolutions from thle Legislatures of certain States of the Conmfederacy.7 Those from. New York~ and New Jersef relatesto the Lighthouse Board, and to certain provisilons for the relief of persons and property shipwrecked on the coast; those from Texas, expressing sentiments of cuiomo interest to our citizens, will com~ imand your attention j thosegom nMw England denounce, as usual, our systemn of domestic sla very, together with the late.decisionof the Uni-I ted States Supreme Court. This species of agi-I tation, sectional and disorganizing, proceeds from persons who seems to he incapable of enter taining just sentiments towards their neighbors, the people of the Southern States. True liber ty consists in the will and the power to perform Q4r duty tig Qqd agid toR ppeipop0. MiP sep vice is only perfect treedour1 'Thp membprs Ri a Legisature who can thua' resolve, desecrate the nameo of freedom, and piervert its meaning. By harboring such feelings towards their neigh bors who sanction and cherlih African slavery as a -domestic institution, Inherited from their fgh~ers, the~y expose (liniselves to the nnl tiun of beimig.aithiless to Lhe-Oonstitutionfm the pieamnbie of which they7luote. The .roe-o lutiuns do not merit a responhe on.-your part. " One of the expedients4 of party to' acquire in fluence in their partis~nlar distriets, is to misrep resent the opinions and aims of other districts." The fathful and distinguished Representative of your Sixth CongressionalDistrict has oppor tunely reproduced, and ably stated, the argu ment for free trade, and against. a protective, tariff. .[Itrust that the argument now recognized in all cjiiised Europe I~IIil9$ hae9 Iget -its piowgr i4 (mprica, pogib(tej $thjugh it wa bp bylrgamiged'interests hostile tojtjp-gtp pflitihknuw too nell hoW tQ acquire in uhene a4 glip spat of Qoyefanem;t, There can be no 999440 i4q8e4 #pon the eggeis-f' gayeggqigge for eveu risingg the soele of iuiposta, so .long as the States hold on deposits a agmun of money at the credit of the United -tates Treasury. The lapse of time has served to show how' true, how .prophetic, were the words pf warning, ut tered by our wise and far-seeing statesmnen near :thirty years ago.,. The 1as4 words of their die tinguished leader, addresssd' to the Senate -of the gnitp4 Stmgtsa, Ri I'I flg in 041' 9%ra-tbeY .nntbforgotpb thmqggitfgl me~n, North and South. Eight years hiaye, pPased sine 'Je spoke. .We. are not strqqgor, reliti!ely IQW t1mn~ $199 !nqo4, we can .ue lang~r Pji to the pquiliiin in~ the, Senato whiol t4en ob= taimeed, thomugh in a oimneigion just now of -quiet' prosperity and of comparative' harmony, which. may endure until anuelectlon for President and Vice President. Thieletiona, every fourth year,. seemi. destined& to be Ahme all-absorbing topic, upon which unhappily is said to depend ewarything..even the interity of thme Union. To operate upon it effectively, parties become ns tional-irresponsible convei.tions are convoke and so powerful is tIeir organization that n citizen is likely to be recognized as having a claii to Federal hoiiors or distinction, unless he attac himself to one or the o;her national party. I is true, the party of the )emocracy being no' in power, ik justified in uniting its parts in con bination, to resist the opposiion which has con bined against it. But bear with me while I agai throw out the caution that this condition < things is not favorable to the rights of th States, leads insensibly to consolidation, and t the introduction of foreign inflnences, s4o fat to Republican Government. Fatal, especiall would it be in out Federative Republic, which like the solar system, is preserved in equipois and hormoneous beneficent operation by th reciprocal in-fluence of its integral interests The undue prepunderances of one or more tend to destroy the equilibrium of the whole, ani consequently its e.i4tence. All the parts ar respounible for this, as well the weaker fo yielding without a struggle, as the stronger fo arrogating too much influence and power. Un fortunately, there are too few persons. compara. tively speaking, who ieemn to be. alive to the policy of the Sates, or to -be sensible that upon their individu'al conduct del.ends, in some degree responsibility for its success, There are Southern men of wealth, doubtlesa who expend the most of their surplus profits in Northern investments and objects of pleasure It has been estimated that some forty n:iflions of--dollars of Southern income have been dis. bursed in a ingle year North of the Potomac. A. just regard to our own interests would seem to require that our surplus income be laid out in Southern securities, in -improving the home stead, reclaiming and draining waste lands, cul tivating grounds; and pu:,hing railways East and West between the Atlantic and Missieilppi, and still Westward to the Pacific. Three millions of surplus profits invested in an aqueduct from the river Santee to Charleston, along the line of the Northeastern Railroad, would go far to protect the commercial emporium of the State from the fearful pe-tilence which tA Atften in fect* fler strpeets, * Yen- thlis fNrtyw nillions of muoney I. addtle to thp still largor sum, that n[ the greater portion of the Federal revenuesI under the ordinary operation of the Government -one main cause of the thrift andspromise of Northern cities, villages and country, is made manifest. Far be it from me to object to the wide-spread benefits of mutual intercourse, and the perpetual interchange of good offices be tween the people of every section of our coun try; but the unequal intercourse is noticeable a tondizig to hjind with pripapepity the one sea tion t6 the elements of -its true interest, and to render the other too tributary and provincially dependent., Let us not shut our eyes against the truth, but uniting. in harmony with each other diligently, and in faith, perform the dot7 that lies neare4 top',4 Jet 4s pAptpihate wha wo can,: collectively and individually, towards tho fthe eyits improve t -in; and public roadsf, as well as fostering a irect ex port and import trade. Above all, let us culti vate those moral virtue's, those industriousi and dqme.itic habits, which render our beloved Statp an agreeable and happy home to her penpip, andl these mlorp inde ipadplitf ile sijae tine tha$ all her Pederal ubligatjns-arp scrupulously ob served. In the latter part (the 27th) of August, a vessel was sent into the harbor uf Charleston, a prize, with three hundred and six native Afri cans on board, having been, on the 21st of the same month, captured by the United States schoonpr Polphinl o' the coAst of1Jgba, Thirty: eight died after coming into port up to the 30th of Septemnber', when the remiinder were shipped on board the United Stateseteam frigate Niagara, and have been sent to A frica iu charge of a gov ernment agent-the Colonizatioa Society having agreed, for one hundred and fifty dollars each, as I understand, to take charge of them for two ears. Many have since died at sea, up to the 22d ultimo, at which date we have accounts of the Niagara at St. Vincents. No instanp, perhaps, could have bet ter served to present, in st rong relief, the devotion to law and order of the people of Carolina. The offi ers of the Government were not molested in the discharge of what they demed their duty. [ cannot omit, however, in bringing the facts to your view, to express my regret at their occur rence,whiceh produced unwonted excitement in ia quiet community, by the exhibition of' a species of. trafgo long si:ncp nbandonedi in the Unite'd States. -If there be any treaty which sanctions such intorfence with the commerce of the in habitants of Cuba, such treaty has been framed in disregard of the sound advice of Washington -not " to entangle our peace and prosperity in the toils of European ambition, or interest or caprice;" "steer clear of permanent alliances with any profi of.n the foreign Worpide-and ougat t6 be abrogated. Once wIthin our port, it was humane to land the suffering prisuners in order to release them from their cramped deck, and to care fosagthiem. They were well cared for until tran.-ferred on board the Niagara, where also they received every proper attention. But the propriety of thus diverting the vessel, with its cargo, from its destined channel, and thrusting j{ gpdgr lthe notice. of pqp penple, Is whit may be questioned. I trust that a like case inay not again occur within our borders. The laws of Congress, by authority of which the officers were governed, I hope will be re vised and amended. It is enough that the gal lant navy of the United States be charged %ith preven jing the ulayp tpadp herween the coast of Africa and oup own shores, under the sanction of the constitution, It is our policy to let for eign nations regulate their own affairs, and en force their own police.. EncATioN-The fund bequeathed by Alex ander Downer, deceased, for the support of a school in Edgefleld District exceeds twenty thousand dollars-($20,000). The arcoumat are Eettled annually before the Commission in Equi. ty of Edgefield, and the provident care of the Chancellors of the Court of Eqiuity is epcsally inyollt by the liherel testator.-tiey~doubtles ill je 4inthinl irn guarding the sacred trust {ot having been able to visit the school, I comn nead it carnesly to the intell'gent notice a~ the tlgatnw of Edgetel, I may be permit t94 to mako the like appeal to the A bbevilk delegationb fur theDe lat Howe School in theib district. Some portion of the land devised fo, the support of this school has beenu sold, by leav< of the Legislature, which, I-think, ought to b< restored in order to preserve entire the territo ry, as it was'oriiginally left and intended by th4 testator-which seems well adapted for a sheep walk. Conmected with a propoeijuin to t).be Isa enoi Assenibly -19 sen4 4 pqp'l to one of thi agripultupal 4e liis of 50 e received (ron tecT atnt jon of the igister di Agrjcql Iggp ghwig theu teeo instruction ant the cost, This programme, of which I furniahet a tranblation to the President of the State Ag ricultural Society in January last, was accom panied by a graceful tender frojm the Ministe of France of his best offices towards a son c South Carolina, who should - be recommendei by the Govuernor. -- na'h imanno'sn'nnnledb tlie Beresford hlmnt~e i- seems to-be flourishing. The fund is well man I, aged. o, Academies and high schools have been multi. n pliedr within a few years, in the several districti h -especially .fur the education of girls, upoi t whose moral and mcutal, as well as physica r development, depend so much the future welfar( - of society. . Sustained generally by sectariar influeoces, they supply extensively that liberal culture and discipline by means of which the f minds of our ingenuous youth are strengthened D and prepared for the active duties of life. Un. j der the wholesome influence of intelligent and I more devoted Commissioners, increased useful nes has been realized from the funds appropri ated for the support of Free Schools. To insure the fullest success, the schools must be consid ered free, in the be.-t sense of- the word, for th admission of the children of any citizen. I can not omit to invoke, for this precious charge of the State, the devoted personal attention of pa triotic citizens in all the districts. The im proved system of instruction which is success fully pursued under the direction of the Board of St. Philip's and St. blichael's, is worthy of your patronage and of general emulation. In order to afford to every part of the State an opportunity to witness its succeas and discuss its merits, the teachers throughout the common wealth were- invited by me to assemble in Charleston, in the first week of June, and ex amine for themselves its practical operations. I am happy to have it in my power to br:ng to the notice of all persons engaged in teaching, Carroll's " Catechism of United States History," a small work of great value to schools, prepared by one of our fellow-citizens, himself an expe rienced teacher. A Norman School was autho rized by the last General Assembly, to be es tablished in the city of Charleston. Its success has been secured by the liberal subscriptions of individuals and societies. I trust that your Honorable Body will not fail, before its inal adjournment, to provide for the oganization of another Normal School in'the upper or middle portion of the State. Certain generous citizens of Charleston have cummenced a subscription, a1so, for establishing and maintaining a Marine ichool afloat in their harbor. This benevolent design is worthy of encouragement, The South Carolina Jollege Is in a flourishing condition. Its numbers were diminished last March, by an act of necessary discipline on.the part of the Faculty, which has exercised a salu tary nluence. The greater portion of the young gentlemen who were affected by its ope ration, are again in their seats, pursuing the studies of their class, I reommend that the 'rqstges he authoplged to place a scholarship at theservice of the Charleston College, of Erskine College in Abbeville, the Furman College in Greenville, the Wofford College, and St. 4ohn's College in Spartanburg;and Mount Zion College in Fairfield. I hope that these . ourishing in stitqIjqps of learning will be invitiQ, and be in auced to keep one student of their own selec tion al at the South CarolinacColl free of. any .. ,fotaittdto be ;e ucation as grown tip .as wants of society, qad is worthy of the harmo niqg 4qp rt of all its component part.. Ja $4p p1in; circle qf yers, new.questions cntjinq aY!4rise 41n4 niw shades of- opinion change the face of parties. But there are topics which never lose their interest, because they are.connected with the foundation of society. Such is the cause of education. The time will never come when it can be consi2ered a matter of indifference how public education is condug ted. Nor is it necessary to enlarge hpe on its importance, fur it m4st be said, to the honor of thp 04'04ry, haqt QppQyition to e4cation finds no OpppArt among pur people-even they who have missed the opportunities of acquiring it themselves are laudably bent, not only on secu ring its benefits to their children, but on pro uotarg the general diffusion of it. There is nothing which contributes so much to the elo vation of the -Amnerican character; nothaing which proves to strangers the iuperiority glaimne for ouroprogressie and grwing euintry, a the unanty wi lk whiph the cause of edluration Is puerywihbre embraced by all descriptions of our people. Therefore, any incentive to the support of education may well be spared. But, it is important that its true ends should be often pr.Lesented to the public eye; for, as free governu ment is the great glory of the huuman i'aee,. the education of the people is the appropriate means of raising niankmid to the proper rank of free men--but to educate the people implies a sys, tern that comprehends the whole society, There was, in the darkest times, a learned few.-nor was it their fault that they made arrangements on the basis of exclusion-for to force liberal systems of legislation upon the ignorant -is a to, tal misapplication of power, leading to nothing but confusion and anarchy, It was reserved for our times tn give Ia the world the example of ai people so docile as to admit of general educa tion, and so capable of progress as to unte in the march of improvement. But education cannot be general unless it be as various as the wants of society, anti calculated to develop all .the faculties of the human mind. Some minds are adapted to the pursuit of science or speene lative truth, others are fitted (or gotkilty in the walks of 1jqsigessaswne have leisure to inveiti gate the cause of things-others have opportu nities of applying the discoveries of science to the practical purposes of life. It has-been too -much the practice to limit the demands of edu. cation to what are called the learned pro(ssnnat The great advances tha iate beeni madte by tlstii an4 ingenious industry require a very imple kn~owledge on the part of persona .who engage in the purmuits. of agriculture, arts or commerce. The South Carolina. College is a school adapted to the wants of profresional men, and those who-make a busines of study. -To these who, by circumstances or by choice, are led to embrace the callings of a practical char acter, the Military Academies opea a udoor to an excellent education, partkikyadapted to their situation wiige to the thoughtful andt Istudious iedoemda avedirecedto the i~v~ to a M ofQinm g anstdt e ding thecams of renigion, the estakusmenta rounded by de nominational spoieties offer peculiar advantages. Iisnot. to be supposed timat all who finish their the Charleston College, will turn out profession al men;i nor that the Citadel Academy will be exclusively employed in bringing out engineers and artisans; nor the denominational Institutions in educating young men for the ministry ; but their coinbined operation, if harnmnious, will Ibe to diffuse a large and high and -benetieent cultivation of the public mind, -ad to spread a degree of light and baowledge bheyond any - ingta ounjid.hs0 efiected by a single institu tig Met not any friends of education look with coldness or jealousy on any of these es talishments, nor believe that they could be with advantage meiged into -onh another,,. or I that any one of theum could be spared with~iut I -demriment to the publice. Nor, ought the ax I pense which is entailed oat the. State bysthe -patronage of a high degree of eilucation, tobe -. regarded with feelings of' rpgnoe. There could not be a more snorti( ig confession of f inferiority than (or us to admit that we are in I capatleo of Austaining a college for the diffusion of the~nmest liberal studies. - 1 reomend that the Trustees of the Colleen be authorised to appropriate the irs rill1g which formerly encloved the -State: Vus,Ao. the purpose of enclosing thi College Cliop, i which needs some protection. The report of the Board of Viiiters ofti4 Military Academies, and of the Comamisionera of the Asyleim.for.Ieaf Alures and the Blind, will be submitted as soon as. prepared. The Governor iA, ex dicio,-a member. of both these. Boards. About tu resign this grateful duty 'fe my sucessor, .I take.great pleasure in tetOy ing how ably, impartially and faithfullyr the affairs of both have been cunducted. . Iltisra ble alike to the wind and heert .ofithe State these institutions are destined to exercife asaba sible influence, morally and intellecually, o the industrial employments of the people.,I* cited in a healthy part of Sj artanburg Ditrict,. upon State lands which the Conuisionerm.wio. be allowed to regulate, the Cedar Springi Asy lum will eventually becme the centre .of a thriving population of villagers tnade up of. its eces, among whom may be found some of the best and most ingeniou.4 artisaim in the cosutry.: The value of the Citadel Acaldemy is suffiienly. known to be appreciated by you all. I-cannot: close, however, without earnestly recomnend-y ing, that an appropriation be made-:frcon structing mure efictiest and thorough drains for the premises and for the covering and etenpfe tion of the Eas-t wing, according to the plan which shall be adopted by the 1Ain of ViAtor#. The Lunatic Asylum I have visited witb mucla. gratification. The order and syetsn which pett vade the establishment are .very. satisfactory. Larger grounds are needel for the planting of trees and shrubs, and for the free. and vaded movements of domesticated animals, in all which the insane become, by degreet, deeply interest ed. The street between the two- buildngs, Westand East, is still open. The Regentsahould be instructed to cloe tiis without dlayl Be sides economi-:ing space, it will affotinsore va' ried eetise and greater secussty tothe. patimnth At lesa cost for surveillance to the inatitntki.,, The suggestions made by the report of the8s perintendent are worthy of aoneideration, pm meting An a benevolent heart, enlarged ad' enlightened by experience. o. The report of the Registrar of Maiage1, Births and Deaths. is herewith tnsmited. Irregular though the returns be, they willbe. come less and lessiso, if they be required year by year ; ad the Registratio Act beingamende ed, uasauggested by 0eggrjenoe, will gretl0y 0on tribute towirds the preservation of thoseQ'ta-' tIStIc so yaluable to our country.and to eduical scIence. I herewith trazistuit the interesting report of the.Geological and MetanIurgil' Surveyor .oC the Biate for the t yqar. . I have Wen iduced to-.'regommezd *h Thursday, the.. th .instant, lpe seta-art as a day of thaznksgiving pAdel prayere This pi ment,-I trust, will. not snterruptl the business of the Lsigislature, o you eercis entie cont . e pallelafwu!te iseihl I. F. W. AL.LST.ON. RAtrE ox "BlrNKaas."- r., Rarey haviag been aked his opinion with regard to tile usi of "blinker&" on horses, replies in s couamja. tion'to the London Times, in which -be state. that his experience with, and observation of horses proves clearly that "-blinkers should not be used, and that the sight qf .the, horse, fee ny reasons, should not be interfereiwith any way." : Horses are only fearful o . which they do not understand of are not a liar with, and the eye is one of the prin . - mediums by which this understanding an4 %; familiarityare brought. about. They cansbe broken in less time'and better without blinkers, and driven past objects *hich naAIy Irle. them, with far niure safety if the eye a, opportunity tu examine the object fully. 1.e ; e ofdistinces than nant,* 1n44 if allowQd the free use of h. dyes, would avoid collisions frequentiv case'- h the car-.. lesssness of la driver. Mir. Rarey states that the use of blinkers is rapidly disappearing.fiu. the United States, and 'prdits increated of4 fulness in the horse when ti t5iellj Sfah~e ninetqenth eentury" is abolished in'Loniddh~ INcocEN'r PLEiAsU'aE8..-The.Rev. Dr. lel~Ir of New Yurk, in an excellent.addresaons "d *" remarked.t "F"urnmy part, Isay it in:~lt~~ I have becomse sincerely suspieis~usi thell fy of those who do not love pleasure ins any Ifori I cannot trust the man that never Iaughas; thitis. always sedate; that has ino 'apparent outletfor natural r inss ofsp~ortiveness anud gaigy thdf'ere peninthe human ioul. Iknowt~atN~i. takes her sevensge on .iuch violence. I expjo find secret vice.ss, imalignant ans, or horridbe, springing up in this hot-bed of, comtned ,i~ad imaprisoned spa.co; and -therefore is elveajne ia' sincere marsl-gratification, .wauywheres and ismy cwnomuity, to isee innocent pleasures and -o~ lair amnusements resisting the religious bfgotir ta frowns so unwisol upon them.a Anythinggi t ter than~ dark, 4q, ,unhappy social life;. ppeg to. ennui and.mnorbii excitement;.which resullgfvdkn unmitigated puritasnism, whose adeond eci usually unbriled: license and iinaaa-y. Daxarss mx Duxu,-The .following unotl. emanates from the Warsaw ( R. I.) Telegraph s: Wasfd.-One hundred and seventy-fiveyoug memn, of all shapes and sizes, from the tallIgree ful dandy, with hair enough on his -apperworks: to stuffa barber's cushion,.down to the little start. The objeot is to form a gaping corpuey be In attendanc-st:the schurch doorgjon e a Mabbath, befors commenensenef divie service, to stare at the fedaales as they enter, and. make delicate and-gentlenmanly resatrks on thieir'.pei* soils andi dregs. All who wish to enlist'in'tlie above corps, will pleams appeal at tite vnows church doors next Sabbath morning, winiftgEy will be duly inspected, and their names, prcsal appearances and quantity of brains regfisteredl is' a book kept for that purpose, sud. publl I~din the newspapers.. To prevent a generalfa -i will be well tostate that none will be-ensitd ~ . possess intellectual capascites above that o a ordinary well-bred donkey Tuus TouAro.-This delicious vegetable haa had, as the slang is, a wonderful run; fbut whie the nearly-grown-up young fblka seee perfectly aware of its fresh, peenliar delleions ness1 they are, perhaps not 'generally aittre that It has other merits.- Dr. Ilenunet, a man of some celebrity, attributes to it pretty nearly all the virtue without a particle of the viee of calomel; maintaining that, cooked or raw freak or preserved, it is the healthiest -vegetalle ihe use. If the Doctor will except. okra, wq will agree with him without a word of .cozntrofsy1 *In a village school,.recenmtly,- when thesehola were parsing, the world wisitoccurred in te teince. Theyes whoesu little fellow-puared.dover'-thlawora fbg a~ Iminutes, and thee,".as a brgt ideilu k.~%a ~he burst'out with, "! cmi'esajuat'ait.. cay, waif; Comparitive, waferSplisiis, - -W The dumedep efA *t~u'n name/of -HondSeSlliklasatt for the Presidmyn=a in -~