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cmeocratic 30urnal, D0t0 to ije Soutl au Soutyern Migljts poitics, Lateat Neus, Citeture, traih, semperanee, gritutur, & "We will cling to the Pillars of the Temple of our Liberties, and if it must fall, we Will Perish amidst the Ruins." SIIIjINS, DURISOE & CO., Proprietors. EDGEFIELD, S. C., APRIL 15, 1857. - "-- 14. ODE ON VICISSITUDE. [TnE following is one of the prettiest odes in the English language; and THOMAS GRi (its author) is in our estimation the most finished of English poets. Mark the purity of his thoughts and the simplicity of his diction. Mark the precision of his numbers and the easy flow of his versification. Why is it, that Thomas Gray has no more .imita tors ? Because it is easier to write fulsome rhymes than poetry of the clear, crystalline kind. But to the Ode-its evidently the inspiration of a bright Spring morning and is appropriate to the season:] -ED. Any. Now the golden morn aloft Waves her dew-bespangled wing, With vermeil cheek and whisper soft She woocs the tardy spring : Till April starts,gpd calls around The sleeping fragrance from the ground ; And lightly o'er the living scene Scatters his freshest, tenderest green. New-born flocks, in rustic dance, Frisking ply their feeble feet ; Forgetful of their wintry trance The birds his presence greet : But chief, the sky-lark warbles high His trembling thrilling ecstasy ; And, lessening from the dazzled sight, Melts into air and liquid light. Rise, my soul! on wings of fire, Rise the rapt'rous choir among; Hark ! 'tis nature strikes the lyre, And leads the gen'ral song: Warm let the lyric transport flow, " Wart as the ray that bids it glow ; " And animates the vernal grove With health, with harmony, and love." Yesterday the sullen year Saw the snowy whirlwind fIly ; Mute was the music of the air, The herd stood drooping by : Their raptures now that wildly flow, No yesterday, nor morrow know ; 'Tis man alone that joy descries With forward and reverted eyes. Smiles on past misfortunes's brow Soft reflection's hand can trace ; And o'er the cheek of sorrow throw A melancholy gr. cc; While hope prolongs our happier hour Or deepest shades, that dimly lower, And blacken round our weary way, Gilds with a gleam of distant day. Still, where rosy pleasure' ends, See a kindred grief pursue; Behind the steps that misery treads, Approaching comfort view : The hues of bliss more brightly glow, Chastis'd by sabler tints of woe; And blended form, with artful strife, The strength and harmony of life. See the wretch, that long has toss'd On the thorny bed of pain, At length repair his vigour lost, And breathe and walk again: The meanest flowret of the vale, The simplest note that swells the gale, The common sun, the air, the skies, y To him are opening paradise. Humble quiet builds her cell, Near the source whence pleasure flows ; She eyes the clear crystalline well, And tastes it as it goes. 'While' far below the madding' crowdl ' RusL'h headllong to the dangerous flood,' Where broad and turbulent it sweeps, 'Aed perish in the boundless deeps. Mark where indolence, and paride, 'Sooth'd by flattery's tinkling sound,' Go, softly rolling, side by side, Their dull but daily round: ' To these if Hebe's self shoauld bring The purest cup from pleasure's spring, Say, can they taste the flavour high Of sober, simple, genuine joy ? ' Mark amabition's march sublime Up to power's wieredian heiaht; While pile-eyed envy sees him clinmb, And sickens at the sight. Phantoms of danger, death, and dread, Float hourly round ambition's head; While spleen, within his rival's breast, Sits brooding on her scorpion nest. 'Hlappier hec, the peasanlt far, Fom tIe pangs of p~assion: free, That h,:catlhes the heena ye whle~lsomfe air, Of rugggedl penury. Hie, when his morning task is done, tan shimbaer in the noontide sun; And hie him,, home, at ev'enin:.>'s eloe. To sweet repast, and calnm repose. 'lie, uncon:scioaus whenice the bliss, Feels, aund owvns in carols rude, That all the circling jo) a are his, (Of dear Vicissitude. From toil he wvinas his spirits light, From bu~y day thme peaceful night.; Rtich,.froma the very' want oif wealtha, In heaven's best treasures, peace and h~ealth.' ENDORSING NOTES. There is a moral in the following wvell consid which should h~e often pondelredt: " It was well said, by a very shrewd observer, that there nre some things which every mun has to learn for himself. 10, would seem as if the folly of endorsing what is called accommo dation paper was one of them. .Tens of thou sands have been ruined in this way, yet tens of thousands continue to practice it. Many' who endorse paper with imnpunty foar years dh.cover, at last, that they also, in -pite of their a.ser tions that they would never be loser by it, are brought to bankruptcy by it. Sir Walter Scott, who had gone on from year to yeafr, adding acre to acre, farm to farm, woke one muormnilg to findl that lie wits ruined through h's endorse mnents on Constable's paper; and the re.it of his life-.a life shortened by caessive labor-had to.b devoted. sot toanmIng ouat the favorite dream of his ambition, but to liquidating the debts thus contracted. Even Barnum, whose name had become synonymous with shrewdness, fell before this delusive habit. A calm observer is almost led to believe that there is an infatuation accompanying the prac tice of endorsing notes, which lulls sagacity to sleep, else how can we account for the fact that so many able men have, so to speak, gambled away their fortunes on this mercantile rnge at noir. No man ought ever to endorse an accom modation note. The financiering which raises money in this way is radically wrong. Gene rally regarded as the cheapest, it is really the most dearest method; for the friend who en dorses for you is sure, some time, to want an e idorsement in return; and he who once be gins to endorse for another, has put his fortune at the risk of a hundred casualties beyond his own control. It is a game of hazard, which, once commenced, hardly ever can be stopped. Money can be got so readily by endorsing, that the temptation is great to enter on speculations that would never otherwise be thought of, and hence it requires the coolest of heads and the most prudent of operators to resist, when a hab it of exchanging endorsements has been fallen into. Nine men out of ten, sooner or later, get beyond their depth. Hard times come on, and then insolvency follows as a matter of course. It is always wiser to raise money on bona fide securities; and if these cannot be had, then to curtail one's business as fast as possible. Where two men are in the habit of exchangingendorse ments they are really in partneeship together, but a partnership only of risks, not of profits; and worse yet, a partnership in which neither can control the other. So far, we have been speaking of cases in which there was a mutual consideration between the parties-an exchange of endorsements; but what shall we say of the man who endorses From motives of private friendship, and not as a business aflair at all ? Hundreds of such men there are who endorse notes for social intimtes, to whom they would scarcely sell a bill of goods n credit, simply because they have not the noral courage to say no. It would be wiser, in much instances, to give the applicant at once whatever you can afford to throw away-for lhen you know where you are; because if you ndorse for him, he may involve you for a larger ount than you can pay ; and be sure of one hing-when you pay, as most likely you will, t will be at a time when the payment is espe ially inconvenient. No private friendship, how aver close, justifies one man in asking another o endorse for him. He who takes otffence when eft-ed an endorsement, is unworthy to be your riend; for lie is ignorant whNereid true friend hip consi-ts-that relation giving no man a -ight to ruin another. Take advice in time, and lo't give or exchange endorsements, if you vould escape sleepless nights or avert probable nsolvenc." From the Charh s'on Mercury. THE GRATE OF OCEOLA. Mn. EDITon: It was on a bright morning in ip to the warf at Sullivan's Island. It was the irst tine we had ever visited this spot, so cele ,rated in the history of Carolina. Often when eadin'g of the 1ierce conflict of the 28th of Fune, 17711, had we pictured the little fort of ?almetto log-the white waves beating against s foundation-tle Palmetto trees scattered iround its walls; but it was in imagination on v... The reality was now before us-the Pal nettoes were waving gracefully in the soft sea >reeze; and there, with its nmsive walls and rowning guns bristling from each bastion, stood ot the fort of logs but--the modern Fort Moul rie. To one who has never visited this renown 'd hrtification, the sight is well calculated to twaken the 1beholder's attention. Far out on he ocean's lo-.anm the white sails of nerchlnt nen ma:1 be ,ceen fluttering in the breeze, as hey bear the rich products of our land to for nig shores. On the opposite bide may be seen he tall steples rising from Charleston, and re ieting the dazzling sunlight from their gilded ops. Mount Pleasant, in all its varied beauty,' es to the right, whilst Castle Pinekney and t Fort Smter rise as from the bosona of thei ~vavs. Such was the scenery that greeted us on the enorning of our first visit to Fort Moultrie. With what deep emotions we entered the dark irchway that led us within its walls ! Visions of old Moultrie and his pipe-of Thompson with huis smonted coolmness--of Jasper proudly catch ing the ol Palmnetto Banner, aind amid the hwer of grape-shot hissing around him, l irmuly bining it to the broken staff--constantly float ed before ums. But now the scene was indeed changed. Iiistead of a few small guns mounted an wooden ramnparts, huge grinning cannons were seen firinly arranged in warlike array on those massive walls. Soldiers and officers in ;ay uniforms were seen loungi'g around the terrible engines of wvar, or drilling their respec tive squads, forming a striking contrast with the imagined appearance of those stern veterans f '70, who knew no compan r drill, b~ut knew so well how to dlefend the ights of their country. We had spent some time in viewing thme scenery from the ramiparts of the fort, when oine of our party commnenced reviewing the outer works, myself among thme latter number. Om our first arrival we had noticed on the we.+ tern side of the fort a simple marble slab, bear ing on its face some slight inscription, but nonc then thought it wvorthy of notice, in contempla tion of the more majestic scenery ; and now, as we drew near that simple marble, what was our surprise to find that it covered the last resting place of one scarcely less brave than tho.e who had bled there eighty y.ears before it was thme grave of Osceola! Here, 'neath the walls of Fort Moultrie, thme brave defender of his country found his last resting place. The simple nmarble slab, bearirg the name " Osceola," is all that is left to tell where the warrior sleeps. True, some warm hearts, displayinig a humanity qumite rare, had planted over the spot a weeping willow, which sheltered from the night dew the warrior's grave. But even this token of a sums ceptible and~ generous soul was destined to fall withering and crushed like the one o'er whom it was planutedl. The ruthles.s storm had lain it low over. Osceola's grave, and there it wit hered and (lied, a fit emblem of that lkte which befell the stern warrior. Thle circumstances of thme capture, imprison met and (death of the great chieftain are so wel known, that they neced but a slight notice here. Ilunted like a wild beasit by blood-houinds, in his ,iativc swamips, lie for a long time dleliedl capture. But. at last, when bravery coull not vaqisih him, treachery was resortedl to in or her to accomnpihh the desired end. lie was en ticed into the camp ouf his foemnen, and in viola tion of every law of humnanity, imprisoned and brought to Charleston. But now, alas ! lie stern andu haughty spirit of the warrimr was crushed forever. Tryrannmy hiad inflicted its last wound upon his proud soul. For sonic weeks e lingered in ghlomy and heart-brokeni sorrow, ref using all relief or consolation. The reed, after receiving its death1 stroke, seldom lingerm long, ere its leavts fall withered to the dlust Thus it was with the Indian warrior. Aftem remaining a short time in diagraceful captivityi hi. prod soul left its earthly tenement, anl fled to the happy hunting grounds of his fathers. On that bright sandy shore his mortal remains now sleep, forever free from the evil intrigues of this cold and cruel world. Peace be to the warrior's spirit. TRYON. ORIGIN OF POPULAR PHRASES. "I IosoN's CitocE."-This expression is pro verbial both in Europe and America. The story in its origin is thus stated :-Thomas Hobson was a celebrated carrier in Cambridge, who to his employment in that capacity added the pro fession of supplying the students at the Univer sity with horses. In doing this he made it an unalterable rule that every horse should have an equal portion of time in which to rest as well as labour. Hence he always refused to let a horse out of his turn, however desirous the applicant might be of choosing for himself. Thus the saying, " Hobson's choice, this or n one." "BA NKRt'PT."-Few words have so remarka ble a history as the familiar word bankrupt. The money-changers of Italy had, it is said, benches, or stalls in the courts of exchange, in former times, and at these they conducted their ordinary business. When any of them fell back in the world, or because insolvent, his bench was broken, and the name broken-bench ben cratto, was given to him. When the word was adopted into English, it was nearer the Italian than it now is, being bankrout instead of bank rupt. ORwix OF TH: EmITHET "TraNcoAT."-The opprobious term of "turncoat" took its rise from one of the first Dukes of Savoy, whose do minions lying open to the incursions of the two i contending houses of Spain and France, he was obliged to temporise and fall in with that power i that was most likely to distress him, according to the success of their arms against one another. So, being frequently obliged to change sides, he t humourously got a coat made that was blue onii one side and white on the other, and might be t indifferently worn either side out. While on the Spanish interest lie wore the blue side out, and the white side was the badge of the French. From hence lie was called the turncoat, by way of distinguishing him from other princes of the same name. A S.xintr.}.-'The words "saunter" and "saunterer" arc singular records of mediteval practices and feclngs. " Saunterer" derived from "la sainterre," is one who visits the Holy Land. At first a deep and earnest conviction drew men thither, drew them to visit "Those holy fields, Over whose acres walked these blessed feet Which, Fourteen hundred years ago, were nailed For our advantnge to the bitter eros." By degrees, however, the making of this pil grimage degenerated into a mere worldly fash ion, and every idle person that liked strolling i about better than performing the duties of his r calling, assumed the pilgrim's staff; and pro claimed hiiself hound for the Holy Land: to a which very often he never in earnest set out. s And thus this word forfeited the more honoura bly:t:lav.ce-have. U05sfd. :md unprofitably wasti n7 h lo and there, with no fixed purpose or aim. 1'rench, o. the ~tli/ n/ 1Vurbki. Siis-rrins.-Aongs.t our industrious and frugal forefathers, it was a maxim that a young t woman should never be married until sI e had spun for herself a complete set of domestic linen. From this custom it was that they were called spinsters, an appellation which they still retain in all legal proceedings, although now-a days it would be very dilficult to find a woman etitled to the nme. PRIESERVE IT Few reader.: can be aware. until they have n had occasion to teat the fact,'how much labor or research is often saved by such a table as the following, the work. o' one umw im his grave. t - If Iisiorv is l'oetry," then h-re is " 'oetry persoiiad. t- 1J 1607,l \'iirinia settled bty tile Enagls.' 1 14, New York settled lby thle D uth-h. 1620, .\nssnhusetts settledl by the P'uritans- 1 16i24, New Jersey settled lby the Djutch.' 1627, D1elaware settled by Swvedes and Fins. I1(35, Mtirylaiid settled by Irish Catholies. lu:it;, Conniectienot set tled by3 tile Puiritans. l. 1636, Rthode Islad settled by Roger Williams. I 1650O, North Carolina settled by the English. 1f670, South Carolina set tled by the Ilugne nots. los2, Peinsylvainia settled by Win. Penn. 1782, Georgia settled by Gen. OIglethorpe. 1791, Ve-riont admitted into the Union. 1 1792, K(entuicky admitted into the Union. 17911, Teinessee admnittedl into the Union. 1802, Ohlio arhinitted into the Union. i 1811, Louisiana admitted into the Union. t 1816. Indiana admitted into thme Union. 1817, M1issssippi admitted inito the Union. t 1818, Illinois admittcd into thme Union. 1819, Alabamia adimittedl into the Union. 1820, MIaine admitted into the Union. 1821, M1issouri adrmitted into the Union. 18:10, M1ichigan admnitted into the Uinion. i 1836i, Arkansas admitted into the Union. 1845, Florida.admtitted intoa the Union. 1845, Texas admitted into the Union. 184(6, Iowa admitted into the Union. 1848, Wisconsin admitted into the Unioii. 1850, California admitted into the Union. Eiarria .A PAP'ER or'T W~s'.-Thei editor. of a paper, pubillishedt a t Lake Superior, after having been without a mail three weeks, says: "Should the mail not arrive next week, we shall make our reguhir issue iiext Tuesday ; for this unmbler was made up from an old mnagaminie and a religious almanae of last year, and so long as tis mnater~ial holds out we shall lbe Iindependent of the mais Fisn.:aMANS Lre.-The following account of an English fisherman, from the Knicker boker, is a good ne: A friend, late on Satur day afternoon, hamiled himi as he was skilfully essaving the wily Iisherman's art for trout, with "llelloa, thmere! Got anmythinig ?" hr l We~dnesdaJ!/ " was the rely, as the pa tient angleri once more cast his patent thy. Them oather (lay a gentleman gave a coup le of entS to a woaami who asked charity of him " Two cents!I" exclaimed she ; " take them hack sir ; I asked for chiarity ; I cani't do anything, with twoa cents." " Mly dear madam," said the gentlma, "I beg you'll keep,,the cents, and give them to sonic .oor peson "Mida- was so great a man that everything le t ouche~d turned into gol. Thme case is alter ed now ; touch a man with gold and he will caginoanything." If eau want to kiss a pretty girl, why kissher if yon can-lf a pretty girl wvants to kiss you, wvhy let her-like a man. 'Teeaevarious keys,' said a young moan to another, ' such as the sul-key, bulm-key, and ris-key, but the only key to your heart is Su keyIt-may be s,' replied the other, 'butI defy -.mblmtor.- vo hear but whha-ke. From the Charleston News. THE PATRIOT AND THE COURIER-TAE RIGHT OF SECESSION. The Greenville Patriot, edited by Maj. B. F. Perry, and the Charleston Courier, which oc casionally furnishes some of the lucubrations of Mr. Richard Yeadon, have of late, for their mu tual and edifying glorfication, indulged in poli tical allusions, and iithe intimation of political doctrines, which have been, again and again, re pudiated by the inteligence and tone of South Carolina. The Co' tier commences by a rehash of the stale and exploded doctrines of the Whig party on the Tariff; advocates partial legislation in favor of manufacturing interests under the name of incidental pistection ; attributes to the resources and industry of the country, all its prosperity; repudiates free trade in commerce; and denounces direct:taxation-the only mode under which the people can know how much they are taxed, and how much swindled by the Federal Government: The noted gentleman from Greenville, the Pat-riot of Carolina politics, the exponent of federal radicalism and consilida ion combined, the opponent of State Rights the cardinal points of the Republic's compass, follows in a discreditable allusion to the Seces sion party of 1851. The Comier re-echoes by an apology for a single generous political emo tion, struck by the aggression of the Federal Government from even its stony neutrality and ndifference, and prudently displayed in response to a general sentiment, and assails the practical ight of secession, announces to the world its de termination to give its oracular opinion upon that subject, and finally has proceeded to utter ts dictum. We partake of the general indispositioi of the ,recs of the State, at this time, to enter upon my discussion of topics which have divided and excited our people, and knowing as we do, that ;he opinion of the above mentioned papers either expresses, influences nor leads the polit ical mind of our people, we should not give the lightest attention to their ill-timed denonstra ions on inopportune subjects, were it not that he young of the State, probably not conversant ith the settle: truths eliminated by the past, re impressible by passing fallacies. The extremes havenmet-the radical and the ederalist. They assume to be of the triumphant, md they imagine that they have met in the full ather of power and success-actually leaders -in the very camp of the Democracy of South rohna-a State Rights Democracy which has, a tar excellence, been the standard bearer of prin- r iples, which have been embodied in leading ox ositions from the-Virginia and Kentucky Reso- s ations of 1798 and 179, down to the Conven- a ion Ordinance of South Carolina in 1852, and t he late decision of the Supreme Court. They ake it that it is the triumph of national party. t' mi in our midst, and these two consolidation- s ts-so from opposite considerations, gleefully ow each other into the fold of the strong side, nd pretentiously sin; lto 'Triumphe over the pposed success in tis State of Wliggery and " s opposite, under the name of Unionism with u scentralizing1 si_ " " * t is the conservatism of u tate Rights, which alone can preserve, or has d reserved, a constitutional Union. a if the late decision of the Supreme Court, I bat the Missouri Compromise was unconstitu- n onal, and that Congress has no jurisdiction and . an impart none in relation to slavery, and that p he Southern citizen has the right to go, and be t rotected, with his slavery property, into the o erritories, has any import and scope. then all L itation and aggressions from 1820 down to the fi olitical fraud and outrages in the cases of Ure on, California, Utah and New Mexico in the ti ,opromise of 18.50, constituted heinous and o larming wrongs to the South. They were de- n ounced by her truest and ablest Statesmen, r nd protued two ominous Convenli''ins at C ahville. The whole Union was convulsed by t hem, and the spirit of Abolition overshadowed t rith lurid portents the future. Blows were c einug incessantlr aiimel at the very vitals of s onthern institutions, citizens and States, and h o arresting hanmd, even of constitutional au- a hority, had intervenied or could then intervene. C e wrongs wer consummated, and mmoe weret breatened ; and the pos5itioni anid doctrines of he Secession party at' 1851 in relation to themmn, I save been triumpliantly vindicated by the Su 'reme Court. It has new, then, been settled C hat there rux car.s : for secession-a cause ast nflicint to justify, as it had been to iinjure anid larmi, nl 'coming up to the ver basis anid I: iight of' thme Couri. r'- argumient. It was uder these circumstances, that a nob~len ody of men, well kniown for talents, character1 md'spiril, and with nmo party' appliances but thmed ustice of their cause, aroused theimselves to take a n 1852 some positive action in defence of South a'oinia andl the Sout h, and were ready to perilc heir fortunes and their lives. A State is as to 1 itiensi their sovereign andi their protector ; andi herefore the Secession party, andi ini the veryt ruth of loyalty to South Carolina, through I v-om alone they know any obligation to any overnient, called upon her to throw her shield n front of them, and take them from among herc md thseir desp ,ilers. It is as'lo such men and mh a party, that the Greenville Putriol, in. rivolous badinage with the Courier, audaciously ises the folowing language: "how wvell and how painfully (10 we reiienm yer, when in a short paragraph, in 1850, it (the Courier') lowered its crest and dashed the glori ma stars and stripes of the Union to the earth,I :o be trampled in the mud and filth of secession uid disunion." We commit that journal to the contempt, hVhichi it deserves at their hands. And it is as to such men, that the C'ourier, in :omplacent assent to the allusion of the Patriot", nd in apology for even one smile of approval to thenm in that trying period, proceeds, in di rect relation to their then proposed action, and in mocking disregard of their present calm quie tude, to assail and denounce the trutP of their position. The issue thus heedlessly raised is not one now of disunion; but it involves the fundamen tal character and principles of the Confederacy, upon which either Union or Disunion rests and rimst rest, or our system become a consolidated desotism. But the Courier goes further, and assails the Ordinance of the constitutional Convention (su preme) of South Carolina in 1852, which de clares the RGT of the State to secede AT wiLL, and for any cause deumed by her sufficient, with out let, hindrance or molestation from any poiwer' whatsoever. It is upon the truth of its position (of the sePrFn~i I-Aw,) that the issue is now mae. Standing upon the Ordinance, we will proceed to defend, as against the Cow-ier, the RivorO SacrssboN as deJfned by that Declara tion of thme Sovereignty and right of South Car olina as a State. But lot certain material fact~s be here noted, that the singular course of the Courier may stand out in all its narrow isolation and preten-. tious dogmatisms. T[he editor of this paper was a member of the Secession party, anti a member of that Convention, and he feels himself bound to defend its Ordinance. The Secession members of the Convention, altou h in a ma'ority therein, in deference to . -,o.. lar o in favor of the Oe-oper'ation party, Lssentcd to follow the course of the lat ter. The Ordinance was the result, and had the overwhelming concurrence of both parties, and of the people of the State. It was reported from the Committee of Twenty-one, by its Ciiairman, the venerable and able Langdon Cheves, whose voice rung at Nashville, but who has never yet advocated actual Disunion or the Secession of a State. The Constituency of that Committee, and its great ability, and acumen, speak volumes. It was thus composed: Hon. Langdon Chaves-Co-o rotionist. Ex-Gov. J. P. Richardson-Secessionist. Ex-Gov. W. B. Seabr.ok-Co-operationist. Senator A. P. Butler-Co-operationist. Judge D. E. Huger-Secessionist. lion. Robert W. Barnwell-Co-operationist. Judge J. J. Evans-Co-operationist. Judge J. N. Whitner-Co-operationist. Judge D. L. Wardlaw-Co-operationst. Judge Edward Frost-Co-operationist. Chancellor B. F. Dunkin-Co-oporationist. Gen. J. Buchanan.-Secessionist. Major B. F. Perry-Nationalist. Col. Maxcy Gregg-Secessionist. HIon. Edmund Bellinger-Secessionist. lion. F. W. Pickens-Secessionist. Hon. I. W. Ilayne-Co-operationist. Gen. W. W. Harlce-Secessionist. Mr. Henry Arthur-Secessionist. Hon. Samuel McAlily-Co-operationist. 11 Co-operationists, 9 Secessionists, 1 Nation onalist. It was appointed by Gen. Means, the ?resident of the Convention, a Secessionist. Major B. F. Perry dissented from the Ordi ance, and was the only Committee man who oted against it. It was adopted by a vote of .36 to 19. The large portion of the minority rere Secessionists, who avowed a concurrent pinion, but being discontented that no action ras proposed, voted in the negative to indicate heir disapproval of inaction. The Charleston )eleation on the Ordinance stood-Ayes 18 Ion. Langdon Cheves, lion. A. P. Butler, Col. ;. G. Memminger, IIon. Edward Frost, IIon. C. I. Furman, lion. Daniel E. Huger, lIon. litchell King, Ion. R. W. Barnwell, Hon. B. '. Dunkin, Col. W. P. Finley, Col. Thomas Le re, Charles McBeth, Esq., lion. I. W. Hayne, )r. John Bellinger, Ion. A. G. Magrath, Col. oohn Cunningham, Gen. John Schuierle, Col. '. 0. Elliot. Nays 1. Edward McCrady, Esq. The character of the sources from which the ssault on this Ordinance comes, is now appa et ; and also the motives which stimulate it. kt there it stands, one of the great corner tones of the State and the South, and Nation lists and Whigs will dash themselves against it t vain. The Courier has promised a se.ond article in s argument against it. We will proceed to its ipport, at the earliest convenient moment. OUTRAGES OF BRIGIIAU YOUNG. A correspondent of the San Francisco Herald: ritiug from Salt Lake City on the 7th of-Jan ary, says: cle one of the most daring the ~1nit ..t, z irect care and control, and undetn te order and direction of this man Young. arly in January, and just in advance of the esting of the Supreme Court, a party of the lormos in high standing in the church, re aired to the office of Ion. G. 1'. Stiles, one of je United State District Judges, the law ofhie f T. S. Williams, Esq., and the office of the lerk of the Supreme Court, and taken there om al the papers belonging to the Supreme urt, consisting of records, dockhts, upiiawns led asway, together with nine hundred volumes f the laws furnished by the Federal Govern ient fbr the use of the Territory of Utah. The eason given for this treasonous, act was that ngress would not admit them as a State, and iat they would not allow the federal officers > remain in the Territory ; and that what offi ers were now in the 't'erritory nust leave as i as grass grows or he will send themi to ell across lots. Now, sir, can you find a par lel to this act of treason since the org-amization F the Amcaricani Colonies ? if so, Idlease note he time and place. it seems now to be a settled feet that the twvs of Congress cannot be carried out or put iforce in tis Territory-thle only law known r obered is the law of~ the church, and that is he will of Brighanm Young, who most clearly athe most brutal tyrant now on earth, and in oint of treasonouns designs, without an equal. iftent hae the Courts~ decided againmst the en etments of the Utah Statutes, but all in vain. 'he morons go on after their own order of ing business, wholly disregardinig amnd setting t defiance the opions andi decisons of the Su reie Court of' the Territory, and openly de hare that they will not oibey nor be governed yy any one unless he is a Mormon, and that any ne who thinks otherwise can loose his life by rying the experimlenlt, which mnost emiphatical r- will lie the case unless a strong unlitary aid given by tile Uited States governmlenit. Ini :iin may one try for justice where the mandate f one man is the supreme law of the land, then you have Mormnon .Jurors, witness~es, ofh ers , &., 1al1 boundl by a seret oath of hlostility ot only to all tile laws of Congress, but to rard all the officers of tile United States Gov rment, from President down to that of Mar hal of the Territory of Utah. At this time, Sir, there are five yoting men ingering out a weary life of misery and wretch dess groaning beneath heavy loads of iron, nm the'damp and dismal cells of the U tah Pemt entiary, for no crime known to the laws other han expressing opinions of disapprobation of lie doctrines of Morinonism, whichi here is the ,lackest crime a nman can commit.~ It is wortby >f remark that these young men are not Mor nons, but were passing on their way to Califor tia, from Miissouri. Poor fellows! they are loomed to a sickly and torturing death, and ht soon, for it is not possible to survive such rrutal treatment very long. Quite recently a roung main by the name of Lewis was convicted >f assault and battery amid sentenced to five reeirs imprisonment in the Penitentiary; and shile on their way to the prisou a band of ruffians took himn away fromn the oficer, castra ted him, and then put him into the prison to die These things are too common to be en Iured much longer ; and unless the Federal Government speedily lends aid unto her officer now in this Territory, the miserable ends c both Mormons and officers of the Governmlet can be better anticipated than told. Anvic-' Ovgn viUT LEFT.'-When you en ter a printing office, leave the door openi behind you. Then gawk about ; read all the mnanuscript you can get your hands on ; it is no difference editors have no business with secrets-besides o ht discover somne plot against the gov annmnntcrsh it in the bud, and thus become apblic benefactor!- lBe sure to ask the com postorolet you look at the copy he is at work on, of crse he won't be so impolite as to refuse sonresoable a request ! Examine the types -pickso thmulook at and throw them down -pic ater up, which box ; what the duce d( .-notenrsavesomany little boxes for ; if theJ want folks to be so particular? Don't neglec wan scatch hold of the handle-pull it round ateolt It go...iot wuch damage done ! now seat yourself in the sanctum and after whistling a favorite tune ask the editor for the paper he is reading, or entertain him with some long-winded harrangue on some subject which interests you ! not him. Follow these directions closely-or the spirit of them-and you'll surely be popular with the printers! From the Charleston News. TE BANKS AND THE USURY LAWS. The second head 'which was proposed for con sideration, upon the late returns of our Banks, was: " The smallness of their convertible or specie basis, in relation to their capitals, and to their circulations respectively." History, experience and reason have proven that no system of or practice in banking is sound or safe, which has not a specie basis sufficient for every emergency which may occur from commer cial, monetary or other convulsion, or from any cause which may produce a sudden or large de mand for it. The greatest practical difficulty in. legislation upon the regulation of a paper cur rency has been the contrivance of a judicious i provision which would ever force the banks up l to the standard of a complete specie liability, I and to keeping supplies of coin proximate to it. I This was the great feature of Sir Robert Peel's < bill, re-organizing the. Bank of England, and t compelling it to maintain an amount of bullion 1 equal to about a third of its cash liabilities, be- t sides the guarantee of another third in the se curities of the British Government. A specie basis is not only necessary to safety i in banking, and to public confidence therein-the a only guarantee against monetary panic-but in South Carolina it is specially necessary to en- t able the banks to furnish a proper range of home I accommodations. Specie is the only portion of the means of the t banks which is dead capital-a fund not paying interest or direct profit. Their selfish policy d of course aims at keeping as little on hand as a possible. This may serve under propitious t times;.but it is incessantly happening in our ii midst, particularly with the city banks who are t made by the country banks to furnish their p specie, that current and essential operations are v most annoyingly suspended by sudden and un- b expected demands for coin. Such is the low range u of the specie basis maintained by our banks, that t very small demands produce these effects. n The larger portion of the means of the Banks 5 of this State is, on account of the legal limita tion on the price of money, employed in New i York and the South Western States, where the p price is higher. This diversion of their capital r to these fields, is also stimulated, as has been n shown. by the evasion of our usury laws, under S the pretext and in the form of exchange.- t Whenever the productions of the South and our sa State sent forward, have turned a balance of a credits in our favor as against Europe and the ii North, and yet the demands for specie against ti our banks still run through the bills with which they flood the South West, a reaction h takes place in the exchange business, exchange p on the North will not serve to meet those de- a mainds, and instant pressure takes place, until a o1 'ecan be brought on. These sud- tl It is thus evident that South Carolina, while w furnishing an annual proportion of banking it means, does not have the full benefit of its use, 81 and is so low in currency, accommodations and t1 specie, that home property and enterprise are a depreciated and crippled. r It would be well for stockholders to consider t the risks to which their capital is exposed by d the Directors' keeping such large amounts of a funds in the hands of mere agents in other States. el It is a fiduciary arrangement with but little b guarantee, and still less safety-.defaults on a R largacale could be made with impunity. This risk added to that of a low range of specie, ren- p (ers precarions what for the benetit of stock- s hollers and the public should be most secure- h the capital and the circulation. t But to facts. By the return for February b 1857, the specie of all the banks was only $1,- d 237,456.80, and the capitals $14,837,642.25-a proportion. of ..ne-twelfth. The total liabilities n were $40,067,707.14-to which the specie is a even less than a thirty-second part. These dis- ta proportions are as great as those which existed s in the general bank suspension of 1837 and '39. In June 1854, the specie was $1,621,973.00, the c cpitals $13,383,195.00, and the toticd liabilitie.. L $34,621,1J73.00. t As to the relation of specie and circulation c (thec bank bills current,) the following table will a show the proportions for February last. City Pri rate Banks. Circulation. Specie. I iailroad iank........ 24,45a1n ~ud $l,00 010 one 10th t Planters & .\. Bank..24494 til 5,215ir til one 5th t l'nion Banik...........1.i~9 no 6.380 one 6ih sate Bank............4.5sI 00 912,938 00 one 5thm t Bank of so. Ca..... ..'o 00 36.697 U0 (one &3.1 Biaunk oif Charleslon..1,5j9,64 (il 816.33. 10 one 4th Farm. xc Ex. Bank..1i...-fla 1do 73,6iS8 Ui one 15tih Penoiele's Bank.........91,491 00 74,7911 00 one 12th Country Banks. Bank ofI ilamiburg..1,fl5.900 00 126.114 00 one 10th com Bk. Or couIuIbLIL...4n.5 l00 7o.Tlu i0 one 6th~ I Bank of Newberry... t.2,isl dO 42.341 noU one 2(th t Pan. Bank lairlek....4S,5a0 00 1,%77 00l one 23rd Ex. Bnnk Cohi~nlu.....9s.391 hi it .I.3 041 one. 26th Mterch. Bank Cheraw...Ge,7'9 (00 16,1T ton cone 2t Bnk ol Ches~ter.........00,iI IC 4"-.731 00 uneS 15thC BHank,(Canllden..... 219.243 'Io 13.527 Oil one 1Cthi Buank i-f Ucenrgeton n... .49.200) 014 17,0:17 ti0 one 26th Jaust to think of a bank being allowed in S. Carolina to keep only one dollar of coin in its vault to thirty-nine dollars of paper in circula-I tion!i The averagec for the above city banks of the proportion of circulation to specie is less than 71 tol and for the country banks over 15 to 1. The proportion of the total capital of the city private banks to their circulation is $10,033, 275.00 to 5,155,482.00 or near 2 to 1; that of the country banks $3,700,000.00 to 5,861,711. 00, or about 9-14 to 1. Thei proportion of their capitals to specie is in the city over 13 to 1, and in the country over It is apparent that the chief danger is from the country banks, as it was that the chief shaving was by those banks. A RR OW Escarr..-The American News gives the following account of a narrow escape from assassination in that place on Wednesday night last. Col. Newnan McBain was walking down one of the streets, when he met a person whom he supposed to be a negro. Not a word was spoken but the individual, without any notice whatever, just as they passed, put a pistol to Col. M.'s head and fired. The Col. was pros trated and stunned by the concussion, for some ten minutes. When he recovered, the assassin was gone and he found he had received no seri ous injury. The ball from the pistol had, how ever, passed through his cap, and through a sheet of paper lying folded in it. Upon this paper were the marks of powder. The hole through the cap shows the ball to have been a large one. The escape seems almost miracu lous.- Columbus Sun. hMODESTY.-A simple and modest man lives unknown until a moment, which he could not have foreseen, reveals his estimable qualities and generous actions. I compare him to the con cealed flower springing from an humble stem, which ascaped his view, and is discovered only by its perfume. Pride quickly fixes the eye, and he is always~his own eulogist, dispenses every other person from the only obligation to prieblhm. From the Albany (N. Y.) Statesman. THE NE HUNDRED NILE RACE. The exoitement manifested by all elasses of our citizens as to the result of the race of one hundred miles, and which seemed to pervade the community, increased toward night, and State street was thronged with people until long after sundown. All kinds of rumors were put in circulation, and from their contradictory character, it was impossible to arrive at any satisfactory conclusion. The match was made several weeks since be. tween Andrew Dalton and Samuel H. Taylor for $2,500, Mr. Dalton to use his own horse an Mr. Taylor to have the privilege of selecting any horse he should see fit. Mr. T. exercising the privilege thus conceded to him, selected a horse owned by the Hon. Andrew Sheehan, one of the Representatives from New York in the pre lent Assembly, and in due time' both horses were put in training for thescontest. Mr. Dilton's horse is between nine and ten rears of age, and is valuable on account of his ipeed, having shown 2.43 on the track. He is n every respect a fine animal. The Taylor iorse is seven years of age, and comes from >lood stock-being sired by Eclipse from a kfessenger mare. He was bred in Westchester ounter, where his then owner used him to draw. 6 coal cart, and kept him at such service until ie was purchased by Mr. Sheehan,'when, for he first time he was driven to harness. His - reatest speed is three minutes. The horses started from Gallup's Hotel, Wash ngton street, yesterday morning at fiveD'clock, ecording to the Judge's time. The start was good, both horses coming up at he word nearly side by side. After leaving the avement they increased their speedpthe horses 'ery much animated and manifesting a desire to ravel. At 6L o'clock they passed through chenectady, 15 miles from this city. Amster lam, 30 miles from this city, was passed at 9 'clock and 20 minutes. Fonda, 43 miles from his city was passed at 10 o'clock, both horses a excellent condition, and neither appearing ired from the task they had already accom lished. Fort Plain, 60 miles from this city, ras reached at 10 o'clock and 45 minutes, the orses having travelled full 10 miles per hour p to this point. Little Falls, 73 miles frogs his city, was passed at 12 o'clock, and Herki. ser, 80 miles from this city, at 12 o'clock and 0 minutes. The horses at this time although they showed gns of being somewhat tired, were to all ap earances in good condition to accomplish the emaining twenty miles, and ped Illion, 821 diles from this city, at 1 o'clock and ten minutes. oon after leaving this the Dalton horse, began Sflag, and his driver noticing it, concluded to tay his progress, and on reaching Frankfort,87 niles fromi t'is city, stopped and put his horse r the stable, where he was given every atten on that could possibly be rendered. Mr. Taylor upon observing that Mr. Dalton ad withdrawn checked the speed of his horse, at on his blankets and walked along the road distance of eleven miles, until reaching the atskirts of Utica, when hereceivedinformation at Mr; Dalton's horse, being very much r ere removed from the Taylor horse, and hav g been well rested he received the word with irit and started off at a rapid pace, passing rough Utica at 4 o'clock and forty-five minutes, bout two miles ahead of the Dalton horse, and ,ached Whitesboro' at 5 o'clock and twenty to minutes, having accomplished the entire istance of one hundred miles in lwelre hours ad twenty-two minutes! after hasing walked even miles of the distance! - The Dalton horse efore reaching Whitesboro' was checked and 'alked nearly a mile. Both horses on reaching Whitesboro' were roperly cared for, and were in good condition, we being tired. They gave no indication of aving sustained any injuries from the great wsk they had accomplished, and we are assured y their o*ners, are held as more valuable to av than when they started upon the race. The horses carried about 300 pounds each, nd we are assured by one of the judges who ecomnpanied themi that during the entire dis mece neither of the horses werc touched with a rhip. At all points along the route the greatest ex tement was manifested. Crowds of men, wo icen and children were on the road, and seemed a partak~e of the interest which the contest had reated. At Utica thousands of peeple had as emnbled in the streets thn ough which the horses rere to pass, and we are informed by a gentle tan from that city he had never seen any thing a equal it. So at Whitesboro', it appears as bough the whole country around had "conte e town" to see the horsies, and be present at he termination of the race. The statement that there was-an objection of ered to the giving up of the stakes, is without >undiation, as Mr. Dalton conceded that he had ,st the race, and the wining party was entitled o the money. GERMAN ANEcDOTEs.-The commander-in hief at Inkerman, as some one said, "liked be ng under a fire." He was sitting on horseback ai the midst of a bittery of artillery, watching ur men working the guns. A very heavy fire ras being directed against this part of the field, auth from the enemy's cannon and also from mall arms. One of the staff suggest.ed the prc riety of his not putting himself in quite so dan ~erous and conspicuous a place, especially as it ppeared, from the number of bullets which amne singing by us, that he was a mark for the nemy's riflemen. Lord Raglan, however, nerely said: " Yes, they seem firing at us a little, but I hink I get a better view here than in most ~laces. So there he centinued for some time, and ~hen, turning his horse, rode along the full ength of the ridge at a foot's pace, and, conse juently exposed himself as much as ever. As a contrast, take this specimen of the cool tess of a sergeant of the gallant seventh. It was towards-the close of the battle, and Lord Raglan was returning from taking leave of poor Eieneral Stranways, and was going up towards the ridge. A sergeant approached us, cry :anteene of water, to take up for thewon , md, as Lord Raglan psd, he drew himself up to make the usual saute, when a round shot bounding over the hill, and knocked his forage :ap off his head. The man calmly picked .phis :ap, dusted it on his knee, placed it carefuy on his head, and then made the militarysalute,and .ll withouit moving a muscle of his countenance. Lord Raglan was delighted with the man's cool ness, and said to him: " A near thing, that, my man." " Yes, my lord," replied the man, with anoth er salute ; " but a miss is as good as a mile." SALE OF TnE WitEv SULPHUR SP'RI'os.--The White Sulphur Springs, of Greenbrier, Va., have been purchased by a company of Virginia capi talists, for the sum of $750,000, and are to have expended upon them, as speedily as possible some $250,000 for extending the accomnodations and beautifying the grounds. The puoninent stock-holders are Messrs. CAPER~oN and RBx. of Monror MACFARLAND, of Richmoda4. WILLIAM UALWsLL, of Greenbrier.fr. Gp&wu&c is to be continued a the uactv manae.