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dominated over by this manufacturing interest. Dr. Franklin used to say that there might possibly be such a thing as "paying too dear for the whistle." It does seem to me, though I submit it with great diffidence, that we may be " paying too dear for the whistle" of protection. And here, let me ask, who has been benefiied by the loss of that $1,000,000,000? In 1846, according to the report of the Secretary of the Treasury, there were ten thousand capitalists engaged in manuractures, and four hundred thousand operatives. Well, sir, suppose that we now double that number.. Suppose that we place at twenty thousand the capitalists engaged in.manufictures, and at eight hundred thousand the operatives. First, what do the operatives receive for protection? They do not gain more than average wages. I appeal to you, gentle. men, who represent manufacturing interests, do the operatives gain more than average wages? Hardy, I apprehend. The operatives are in vowise better off than they would have been without the protective policy, for they would have made the same average rate of wages in other employment. But there are twenty thou sand capitalists benefited by it; and to benefit these twenty thousand eapitali-sts we have lost $1,000.000,000. Now, I have the most benevo lent feelings in the world for these twenty thou. sand capitalists; but it seems to me that they tax us rather too high when they charge us $1,000,000,000. It would be better to pension these lords of the spindle at once; better give them each a fortune,/anu let them go, if we could thereby obtain the great privilege of h:.v. ing our indus-ry and exchanges untrammeled. So much on this point. The report of the Committee of Ways and Means refers us to the example of England us an argument for protection. Well, sir, I am sur prise that the distinguised gentleman at the head of that committee is so much behind the times. The example of England is exactly the other way. In 1842, what was the condition of England? She was laboring under paralysis; dying of the protective policy; her exports di. minishing daily ; her revenue fulling off; every thing languishing. England was the pick nan then. Fortunately for England, her financial policy was in the hands of a man of pre-emi nent wisdom. I allude to Sir Robert Peel, then Prime Minister. He surveyed the field, and saw that there must be a radical change in the tariff of England. What did he do? lie boldly applied the knife to the English tariff, and advanced fearlessly in the policy of free trade. He struck at the very heart of monopo ly. He lowered the duty on corn. That was the great point of monopoly there. Hear him speaking in 1845. He says: " My opinions on the subject of protection have undergone a change. My opiniuns have been moditied by the experience of the last three years. .I have had an opportunity of comparing the results of the principle which has been followed during those years, viz: the gradual removal of protection from domestic industry; and I am led to the conclusion that the grounds of public policy on which protec tion is defended are not tenable." In 1845 he made further advances in free trade. And here I cannor refrain from quoting the last words of Sir Robert Peel on quitting office in 1845, words indicating great elevation of soul and great sensibility: " Within a few hours probably, that power which I have held will be resigned into the hands of another. I shall surrender power, severely censured I fear by many honorable men, who from no interested motives have ad. hered to the principles of protection, because they look upon it as of importance to the wel fare of the country. I shall leave a name exe crated, I know, by every monopolist, who, pro fessing honorable opinions, would maintain pro tection for his own individual benetit; but it maty be, I shall leave a name sometimes remem bered with expressions of good will, in the abodes of those whose lot it is to earn their daily bread by the sweet of their brow, whetn they shall recruit their exhausted energies with abundant and untaxed food, the sweeter because no longer leavened by a sense of injustice." Subsequently, under thet administration of * Lor:i John Russell, the duties on sugar were greatly reduced, and the celebrated act of navi gation repealed. Sir Robert Peel reduced the duties on imports, and substituted an income tax. The principle on which he wvent was to free exchanges, thus take off the burdens of in dustry, and throw taxatioti on property. Thme results of this policy were very striking otn thae revenue and the prosperity of the country. Betwveen 1842 and 1853, duties on imports and the excise were reduced over ?10,000i,000, and yet in 1853 the amount yie'ded frotm thiese sources was only ?122,411 less thamn itt 1842. By remodeling their finanicial systemt in England, they have added ?6,000,000 to thie revenue, and remitted ?16,000,000 to the people. Be sides this, the general prosperity of the country has advanced in a most astoishming ratio, asi. -apparent from the following statistics: The total exports of Englandtc in 1842 were ?37,381,023; in 1853.?93.347.306, ninety-seven per cent. greater than in 1842. Such was the result undter an approximation to rree trade! Under the protective policy which existed in full force rrotn 1812 to 1822, a corresponding period of twenty years, the results were : Totasl exports in 181-2, ?41,716.964; in 1822. ?36, 968.964, exhtibiting a declinie of thirteen per cent. Thae exports of Engrland to the Utnited' States in 1832 were ?3 528 807; in 1852, ?16.. 134.397, an increase of three hundred and fifty. six per cent. I am glad, Mr. Chairman, that the honorable gentleman from Ohio [Mr. CA3IPBELL, has re ferred us to the example of England. I wish that lie had been itnspired by those great idenis of free trade, and a unned this miserable school of nmonopolists, and struck ttnt a boltd and mtan ly policy.~ The Latin proverb says that "'for tune knncks at cacti nman's door once int a life time." So is it with fame. Famtte knoc-ked at his door, but he was so " rahined, cribbed, con lined," biy the shackles of monopoly, th,:mt hie hesitz'ted to open the door. Would to God. sir, that the getntlemani hatd risen to the grandeur of the occasion, and not lenit his fine abilities to galvanize the effete ideas of the mon..p'lists - ideas which genius and experienice have demnon strated to be the relics of bairbarismi and igno. rance ! If he had holdly stuck out int the eni reer of free tratde, he would have matrried hisi name to a great principle, and woin ati honorable niche in the history of his country ; but unfor tunattely lie has suffered the golden opportunity to escape hitn. Mr. CA MPBELL, of'Ohio. Do I understand) the genttlemant from South Carolina to aivocate a systetn of free trade atnd direct taxation ? 1(Ir. BOYCE. It is just the very thig I anm after. Mr. CA31lPBELL, of Ohio. I desire to know. 'because nosw the gentletman from Souith Carnlinai has an opportunity of disting~uihiing himtsetlf and of takinir a bold position otn this greau question. H~e has offered a substitute fo.r the pending bill, anid if he advocaetes the doctrine of free trade and direct taxation, let him so tmodify' his substitute, and he will be able to carry it through this House. Modify it on the basis of representation. I will vote for it. Mr. BOYCE. I shall be deliighted to receive the gentlemtan from Ohio a< a recernit, aind ratlly him under the banner of rree trade, for I do not know atnything which ean contribute mnore to the grandeur and prosperity of the country than tree trade, absnlute, and unlimited-thia, giving to every mann the privilege or selling~ where lie can sell dearest, anid buyingi whe-re hie can buy cheaipest. It is the principle of De-" cracy, It is the principle of Republicanmism. Why should we be ini leading stringis to this or that interest,? I have no doubt butt that the prosperity of the country will he greatly ensdani. gered by the adoption o'f the bill submitted byv the gentleman front Ohio, [Mr. CAMtBELLd lunt I am glad to see him to-day take posiition ini fatvor of free trade. [ say sell alt the customi. houses, and let everything conme iti free. Mr. CAMBElLL, of Ohio. Will the gentle man modify his subhstitute? Mr. BOYCE. I will: but when it is mnodifiedi will the gentlemnan go with me for its adoption? Mr. CAMPBELL, of Ohio. I will. I am a protectionist in principle; and so long as the reventne to defray the expenses of the Fede-ral Government is raised by imposts on imports, I: am for such a discrimination as will iriidentally ..ve p~rtetion to the industrial interests of my own country against all the countries of -the earth. But if the gentlemen :Trom the South will propose the selling out of. all the custom houses, and resort to free trade and direct taxa tion. I tell them that my constittints are pre p..red to meet them. Therefore I suggest to him, that until he comes forward boldly with his proposition, it ill becomes hin to charge that the chairman of the Committee of Ways and Means lacks independence and spirit on this question. Mr. BGYCE. I am delighted at the remarks of the gentleman fron Ohio. Nothing would give me more pleisure than to make the modi fiention in my amendment he has suggested. I must confess that I did not expect to meet with Ruch a concession at his hands. I inferred from the report of the Committee of Ways and Means that the getleman was opposed to me on this question. I imagined that he and those who act with him would think any proposition looking to free trade was a sort of madness "clutching at the stars, and making love to the moon." I therelore presented no such proposi. tion of p-:rfect free trade; but the proposition I have made is a step in that direction. But to return to the argument. To illustrate the protective policy, let us suppose that the people of Vermont came here and asked for pro tection in raising tropical fruits. Would they not at once be put down as madmen? Why? Breause every one would say, " It is absurd to raise tropical fruits in Vermont when they can be got five hundred per cent. cheaper from the West Indies." There could be no answer to this reasoning. But what is the difference in principle between this case and manufacturing woolens, if they can be got thirty per cent. cheaper abroad? 1The difference is only in de gree, not in principle. Suppose, however, we had gone into tropicat culture in Vermont, doub!. less boume ine villages and hot-houses would have grown up, and we might be pointed to them as evidences of the benelit conferred on the country; but the answer would be obvious, that these isoltted spots ol prosperity had grown up at the expense of the rest f the country. So in the case of the factories at Lowell, and other points, they have flourished at the expense of the rest of the country. My limited time compels mae to abridge my argument on this branch of the subject. A few words on the proposition submitted by me to reduce all duties above twenty per ceut. to twenty per cent., and to put tea and cof. fee in the twenty per cent. schedule. ty tak ing the imports of 1853, which year is within a small fraction of the average annual importations of the last six years, the amount of revenue produced by my project would be $50,711,306 42, almost the identical amount demanded by the Secretary of the Treasury; as he estimates that $48,000,000 or $50,000,000 will be suill. cient to carry otn the Government and pay off the public debt. I am free to confess, however, that my plan is not perf. ct. It is a step in the right direction; that is all. I look to free trade aid direct taxation as our ultimale amid inevita ble policy. By taking tho step I propose, and one approximating step afterwards, we will be in a condition to attain the great point of free trade, without any sudden convulsion. If I could have modified the tariff exactly to my ideas, I shou'd have put tie duties on arti. cle.i of necessity below twenty per cent, at the lowest possible revet,ue standard; and luxuries I should have put at thirty per cent. In this wny I would have sought to carry out, as far as possible, under an indirect system of taxation, the idea of relieving the industry of the country from taxation, and throwing it on property. But I knew it vas impossible to reduce the du ties on articles of necessity below twventy per cent. I had, thertdfore, to conform to that ne cessity, and consequently had to reduce luxuries too low ; for otherwise the revenue would have been too large. As regards tea and coffee, these were put in the free list in 183:2, in, the interest of the pro. teetionists, to give the pretext for higher duties on manufactures. Mr. Clay's resolution offered at thart time is the key to this policy. It is as follows: * Resolced, That the existing duties upon ar ticles imported. from foreignmiccuntries, amnd not comitng into competition with similar articles mae r prodtnced in the United State, ought to be forth with aibolished except on wines and silks. and that they ought to be rnduced." I am for taxing these articles for the very pol icy that put them on the free list. Indeed, I seareely know anty articles more suited for taxa lion. T'hey are not produced in this country therefore there would be nto indirect tax. They are of general consumption. A tax upon themt would bear eqnally on all sections. IThey are in the nature of luxuries. A moderate tax upon themt would facilitate a lower rate of diuty ont all other articles. T'here is one further mordificationi I shnuld be willing~ to make in the tarilf, if~ it were reduced in good fanitht strictly to thme reventue stanard - that is, to put wool and other raw tnaterial in the free list. The effect of taxing the raw ma:terial is, that the consumer is compelled to refund the tax with interest to the tuanufacturer who has advanced it. Adam Smith says, ott this point: " They [thte regulations exempting raw wool. cotton, &c., frotm duties] are perfectly just and reasonable. anid if cotnsiently with, the necessi. ties of the State [tthat is. revenne~] tihey could be extended to atll the other mtttieriats of maniu facture, the public would certaittly be a gauiner." I am throngh ; it is for the cotmmilttee to say what shall be done. Those representing thte manufacturers would. I thtmk, net wisely to con sent to a redntetiotn of~ du:ies; for tJe Iong.-r re duction is deferred, the large r will be tthe sur plus, and the muore sweepinig the reform. Be sides revettte diuties, with thg raw material free, put manufaictures ott as good ta bais nts they iould desire; atnd lhis poit, cotntd, I think, he tcarried. Futrither, the manufaii~cturers would ftind atn increased demnnd arisinig from the generail prosperity of thte country following upon lo w duties. Besides. too, our miannfacturers shtotuld look to the great and valuable markets of te world, whe~re gold is to be thad fir the gatherintg. I would at.-u stublmit to t his iterest, if thte pres ent ..igh rate oft duties may tnot premait urely .timultt ri zl mtnntfactuores in thle Northwest, at the Falls of' St. Anthotiy, and other points. As to those repiresentintg the sugar interest, I would say, sugar is marked for dlestrutctioat anti-,lavery and free trade both conentr against highl duties otn sugar. Would it not be well, then, for ithat initerest to join in ai getneral re dutction or all dutie*s to) the revenne stantdarrd, and thus avoid being singled out for special hostility ? TIo those representig the agrieuli. tutrah iteirests I wonld askc, what pnssible~ mo tive catn you ha~ve to maintain a protective policyv as your interest clearly demands freed'ni of~ exchatnges, atnd the markets of t:te world ? To'~ thiose represetintg coitmterce, I would aisk, wht is commiierce hut exchanges ? 'iTo reduce dttties, atnd free exchatnges, is, thterefore, to lid comt tmerce - live anid have Its b~eingj." Ylou, gemth.. ment, who rephreslent the imtperiael city of New York shouuld tbe clamorons ott this subject. New York city is cotmmterce perseonified. Fre'e ex cange's, atnd you tmagneify and agpiand zu New York beyond the puower of latngtatge to de scribe. To thte Democratic party I would appeail to emblazon the great ideas eof free trade anid low taxes otn their thisto'ical banntter. Ce~ase to vex te ear of the count ry wit I iltintite repet it ions of the oceutt tteianintgs of past. aeasures. Seize a livitng, vial, actunil, peractientl uruth :and enfo~ire it as y'our creed. 4~ Free tra'de, untittontopoly, eq..ity,": ii i thte wautch words for you. Th'ley appeal to te self-iter'st. of. every ittdividual, and thley till the imtazginal ion wIth magtnitient ideas of ttte futuore grantdeur of the Riepublic. Take up the great idleas of free trade, for unmder th.it signt you shall I su re-ly cotnquer. R.ACEs (tVFn TttE LAFAYETTE CoUasE.-There are atlready miatty very tiiee htorses at te trutck, and artmong tem Bluneskint, Frank Allent, anid a number of fleet naitmals known to thte raeing world, as well aes qguite ar numaber of~ youttg hor as of~ bean tty an td prumise. Th'le feellIow ig getlemetti~n have t heir stables tt the course: Thios. Morris, Johtn Q. Ciampbell andtr Ed. Coyle, of. Kettttky ; 11. C. CaIfey, of~ of M:acon; Thos. P'ury-ear. of Colutmbiat, S.C.; B. Young. rof S. C.; C. Pryor, 'if Columtbus, and D. McDanmiel, of Ilichmtotnd, Va.-Antgusta Contstit utionmalist. g' TuHE painted phoogrph is Dow thte favourius style of likeness taken. This last specimens cost In the New York market about $25. ARTHUR SIMKINS, EDITOR, 3DGEFIELD, S. C. WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 25,1857. OUR AGENT. T. J. WHIT'TAKER is our authoriPed Agent to re reive subscriptions and collect all monies due this office. The Cash System adopted. Arter the first of January we will adopt the Cash system and intend strictly to adhere to it in each and every instance. It is certainly the bet system fnr all, especiallv newspaper publishers, and as our bills are generally small .it will be no inconvepience to any one to pay up in advance. To Advertisere. All advertiements. to secure publicity through our enlumns, must be paid for when hanled in. Those who live at a distance wishing tn ndvertise, enn enelnse the amount fir which they destre to nd iertise. Those advertising by contract, by the year, will be expected to settle up quarterly. FUNERAL NOTICE. A funeral sermon, on the death of the Hon. P. S. BRooKs, will be preached in the Church of the Re deemer, at Roselands, the residence of Mrs. 5lARY. P. BaoxS, mother of the deceased, on next Sunday, the 1st. of March, by the Reverend Dr. W. B. JoHNsoN,' formerly of this place. gg Attention is directed to the professional card of Dr. H. PARKER, as corrected in this issue. We trust Dr. P. will excuse us for the unintentional omis sion made in regard to the locality of his office. OUR RETURN DOCKET. The return to the March Term of our Law Court is smaller than it has been for a number of years, reach. ing but little more than one hundred aid fifty cases. This betokens a good condition of monetary matters among the people of our district. One fine cotton crop now, at present prices, would place its high and dry above the morasses of entanglement and debt. EDITORIAL CHANGE. The Charleston Standard of the 20th inst., con tains the announcement of the retirement of the senior editor of that paper, L. W. SRPATT, who retains his interest in the paper as one of its proprietors but with. draws from editorial duties to devote himself to the practice of his profession-the law. He is succeeded in the editorial department of the paper by Mr. J. D. BUDDs and Mr. S. R. CRoCKEt. The Standard, in the hands of Mr. SPRATT, has been the vehicle of a vast amount of useful and enter taining information. His political course, ton, ias been an independent and a striking one, sustained with untiring ability. To his successors, we extend tite cordial greetings of good-fellowship. gg'ur.:Adveatisement of Messrs JoNEs & Stt, in the Carriage.-mitking husiness, was inadvertently omitted last week. Please find it on another column. APPOINTMENT BY THE GOVERNOR. Mr. JAN3F.s A. Doz1aa has been appuitted hy the Governor a Magistrate for Edgefield, vice Wat. LocuE Esq.) resigned-office in this place. OUR TIIANKS Aa tendered to the polite Merchants of Augusta for the gentlemanly manner in which they responded last week to our call for settlements. It is a pleasant thing. to have dealings of the kind with such a Chris ian and honorable set of men. LEXINGTON FLAG. WVe have received the first ntumber of this new paper. It exhibits a very creditable beginning. Mcluch luck to its projectors. MILITARY ELECTION. At an eelection held on Friday, the 2d1 instant, for Major of the Lower Battalion, 10th Regimtent, S. C. Mr. J. P. BArS was .dily elected, htaving received 46 votes. AUGUSTA EVENING DISPATCH. It is with pleasure that we acknowledge the receipt of this new exchange. The " Disptchm " is a Daily. published every afternoon in Atugusta, Ga., by S. A. ArtNsoN, who is also the editor, It is a cheerful. spirited visitor, and will (we trust) meet with speedy sucCess. BUY AS BEES. The late mild and getnial spell of premature Spring weather has started thte whole human famdty in these parts to nitmbleness and activity in the various opera t:ons of the field andi garden. Every one is astir, full of enthusiasmt to itmake a good start. Even the ladie's, and little girls, may b~e se-n around thte vegetable and flower beds, planting, fixing, trimming, chopping and raking with might and macin, inm get every thinil: in readiness faor the gladeome influences of the opening year. We have actually itoted dlown several lazy "Lords-of-creation," delving like ditchers under the inspirng rays of thmi- ea.rly " day-spring from on high."' One caution: Take care you are not tenmptead to go on too fast fur the season. There msay be a touch of winter yet behind. PLANK ROAD MOVEMENT. We understand that a tmeetinig of stockhtolders in the Edlgefield and Ihamburg Plank Road was recently hell, when it was agreed to raise the toll rates arid re new ct-e road. If they will be sure to execu'e the lat ter brancht of te proposition acell, the former (within. reasonabile bounds) will parobably not be complained of. We italicise the word " well," because it is a moat emphlatic sine qua nont in tule-rating any increase in the rates of toll. OURS MAILS. We would like to ki ow if it is a fact, that the driven if the U. S. Mail IHack between Angusta and '96 De pt is privile-ged to force a clhsing aof thte mail at Edhge field, C. II., at any htour he may elect to do so. Oitr iiformatinn is, that lie clitims this liberty antd ac-Is ac cordlintgly. lie doeits thlis uipon thle ground tithat the contractors ar-- hound tai heave A ntgu.ta ande "' Deptt at fixed hoaurs, but that nthinig is sanl of the houacrs for reaching or lear ing Edgefield C. II. Is this so ? IHas the Post-Office Department so little care in the letting out of its conitracts us to subject an important village. the seat of juistice of one of the very largest Districts in South Carolina, to the whim, and caprices tof hack driveraa and stagqe aga-tts in this provoking mantier ? There ii surety something wvrong here. Irn the first place, the Ilack lhas noat lataerly gone through to '96 Depot biutaince a week. It is stopped hierae, by what ait tiority we are at a loss to know. WVhene-ver it goes on to '90, the return is m:ade next clay through ocur village, according to the ability cof the team, at from half paat -Ito haf past 5 a'clnck, P. M. But when, in his plenary pleasure, the driver prefers not to, go through to '96, lie hats his horses here hitched upi the next dacy for Augusta at front 2 to 3 o'clock, P. M., soic 2 hours beffare lie could have left, had lie made his upward trip accaarding to contract. ThIs is a gross wrong to our community anad we call cupon thue con tractirs to set it right. If they cannot, our appeal must be to the departmentt at Washuinghtn. We have but slight masil facilities. in thme mname of-justice let us have them with some r-gilarity. MUNICIPAL. We cabserve in thme Slandard a stringent Orlinantee, recently establisheda tby the Toawn Council oaf Chester, fair " thme gavernment of slaves and free persons of calor in the taiwn of Chiester." The main. sectian lhae rfrecae tou assemblagsa of na-grnss for danacirag and other like purposes. Bint there is a lesser Section which strikes-us as being really of greater importance, and whicht we append for thte considleration of our own Council. Its aint is to chmeck imptidence and more effe-ctuaslly to enforce a decent anid becoming he iaviour in public among servants. We regard it wise, tpon the principle of killing off all such evil tenden cies among our colored poptulation in their inceipiency. TIh. Section' is as fellows: ' Sc. Ill-" Br il fur-lecr ordained, That any slave or free person of -olour who shall be found drnunk or shall otheraise misbehaivo, lby acting in a noisy or boisterous manner, or b~y singirng an indecent song or h tllwing wvit hina the limits of te said taown, shall for each antI every offence receive not exceeding onie hutn ~red lashes, anal any slave or free person of caolour w:i shall smnoke a cigar in. any street or in any open and public place in the town, or shall walk with a canie, clnb car stick, (escept thme lame. infirmn or blind) sh~all ftor each anal every rcfi-nce receive not exceeding twenty lashes." gy W. J. A oRNOL was elected Sheriff of Laurens Distict, on Monday last. THE TARIFF--SPEECH OF MR. BO'CE. This great topic is again fairly npon the ' [a. ' in the halls of Congress. For many years, the c...itry has slept upon the important issues involved in. its final adjtust ment-yes, slept profound ly. Other inter necine quarrels have arisen, have been fought out af ter a fashion, and have been evenulIly comproanised; while this greatest of all American controversies has been (seemingly) forgotten and abandoned. It is, in truth, the spirit of concession and compromise which prevails over the American mind, and more partien larly over the Southern mind, tI at may most correctly account forthe quiet and apathy which have marked the latter days of otir Tariff'history. The mnrarer thirty years ago was shorn of his mot bieots appeni dages; and, by contrast, men (even cotton-plainterP) came to regard him as a partially-regenerat-d lemon. Some, in the. exuberance of. their enthimiiasm ont aie count of hits amended appearance. pronounced him al most-comely; and. other.inast4era intervening to carry off the public firor, the " Veiled Mokaninh " slep at good long sleep of comparative romfort and tranqnili ty. Bit his sleep is at an end. The rght is com menced again. The question, which has once before shaken the pillars of our political teniple, is again opened up. And it is a joyful thing to see, that there are strong minds engaged in the development of its bearings, of its malign influences upon the general weal, and of its unequal and offensive discriminations among the interests of our Confederation. It is joy ful to observe the indications, that the great and ru ling party of the country mean to take this gravest of American questions in hand, with the intent of redu. cing it to its last expression. Among those who are occupying the lead in this high emprize, it is particularly gratifying to Scuth Carolinians to mark the name of that energetic and talented young Representative of our Central Con gressional District, lon. WM. W. BOYCE. Twice now has ho boldly and forcibly expressed himself be fore our National Legislature upon this vital question. Each time has he shown htmself a capabble exponent of the truths of Free Trade anti No Mont'ply. His last effort in this behalf was delivered but a few days ago, and we hasten to lay it before our readers from the earliest copies that have reached us. We trust every one will give it an attentive perusal. It is plain, pointed, and eloquent; for we regard even ar gument eloquence when it reaches onr heart. The injustice of prohibitory legislation has been too well enstanped tpon the Southern understanding, by McDUFFIE and others, in a past day, to need further illustration now. Mr. BOYCE dhoes iot therefore care to re-elaborate that part of the argument. Ile touch es upon the subject with reference to the salient points that may at present attract attention and awaken re. flection. His suggestions to Northern Consumers, those who live by lsweat of their bsrow in contra distinction to swollen monopolist princes who roll by in gilded chariots-strike un as being peculiarly op portune and telling. We trust his speech may o-s hirgely disseminated and read throughout the Otlhe side of tle Union. Be this as it may, the ball is in mtin ; and we are cordially with thhse who pray that it may not stop short of Frec Trade and Dirert Taranion. That this consumation is eastly attaihable, we do not assert. It will be attended with violent oppnsi tion, perhaps enity of the deepest grade. Bit with tnen, with statesmen, with political heroes at the Itead of the column of reform, we are, in the strong Ian guage of a cotemporary, "as confident of victory as we n ould be were the strnggle between mural light and moral darkness." The enormity of the Protec tire System is now too well understood,longer to dupe the giod sense of the A merican people. The war that is to come, will not be, as it was in times past, r. sim pie contest between cotton on the one side and manuftc tures on the other; but it will be a great struggle be tween Right anid Wrong, between Wisdom and Folly, hetween the producers arid coinsumers of thse whole country and a few patmperedl, hbloated monopolists. With piroper caution and s~kill, whlo cats doubt the THE CABINET. Ma. BUCIrANAN has been' to Wtashirngton and has returned home ; and the pryingones seem more iuncer ain about his Cabinet thtan ever. We like this fea ture in the old suaitsman's policy. Hie is juiciiottdy reserving the arniotnncement of htis tappoinments for he dhy andI the hour when it n ill hecome his ditty to niake. it before thte cotuntry. A number of letter-wri ers of late express the opinion that Sothtl Carulitta will he honored, in ithe person of Ilon. F. W. Pitcs r.ss. Indeed the State is expectinig it, antd will re jice in the privelege of hat ing one of her most able andI faithful suits in te great advrisory counc-il of Mr. Buct.NAN's admtinistratioin. Bitt whatever niay be the result in this regard, South Carolina standls ready to support the govertnmenit in all its honest effosrts at a Costitutinal direction of the aflasirs of the ciountry. She will of course expect that the Carbiniet be a sound anid reliable one, sof the State Rights Democratic stamp. WORISE THAN HIOTTENTOTS Th'le Greeiiville Petriotl, Newherry Mlirror, York vule Emjulrer, and otter,, haveo felt prompted to dhe nooue, int ext remet terms, the 'hot baste' displayedi to secure the suiccessorshiip itn the Congressional seat jst vacated bty the ideath of the lamoente~d Brooks. moannr other strictures, thie Emilpirer remarks: SWe were msakirig ready to hiohl up before the world the inoble spetctacle oif a people who mourned for heir deaid and "' would tnot he coimfotried."'' But the proud reflection has been den-tied its i andl.n itis stead, we must present a fast wihch nmightt well outrage the tmoral senuse of a Httenitrt !'' 'rThe oilier patpers alluded tat are equally pitinted, if nt altogether so severe, in thesir hatiguage. llaving been one of the r,ttminees in this District, ne beg to say a word to our cotemporaries in regard thero. We agree with them to a certain extent. It is ins deetd to be regretted, that anayiting estuld liars been done in this matter ttnti lie honotred rema ins of our dead Ciogressmanc had been deposited in their last resting-place. Yet, whiile admittinig itns much, we must be allowed to diensy that the people of lie -hibh CngresiontahlDistrich were in any wise insensible to their grievns loss in the nmelanchloly death 'If Mr. aootc. We deity that the frietnds of thtose gentle menu, whtoie names have been annonniueed as canadi dittes ftor his vacant ssent, wvere not as keenily alive as others te this painftul calamity. In especia' ,-we deny (fr ourself) that ainy suzch anniouncemernt attaches to us that gross -htarge of inhumanuiy, irev-n si any shadow of disrespeact to the memory of the deceasedl.I hiutwever it may lie with itthers, we are not indifler ent to the good opinion of ur co-labotrers of tihe SousthI Carolina press ; andh we respe~ctfulhly ask those imem ern of it n hto Itae so sweepingl y commseh ulul this miatter to read1 the few last numbters of the Aderiser, :tad judige of us by that record. MISCELJLANEOUS ITEMS. 57 C. II. Suitr.a, Eiq., has beeni notminated by Isis frienids of Newherry as one woirthy anti well qnsahi fled to reprersenit this Congressionial District in the U. S. H ouse of Representa'ives. g:g.PatNco AIv.Ft, seciand situ of Qn e toa, has gone to the cotitinent ott ani eduenttititnal tour, ie is " ainied by Lieutenant General Sir Frederick Stovint." One of our practical Democratie editors desires ton know ht~w Lieutenant General Scott wusld look attending upon thes wants of a school boy twelve years old! W Dr. FR ANKr.IN was once endeavoritig to kill a turkey by an electric shock wehen lie received the wole force of the battery himiself. Recovering. hse good htumoredly remarked that inistead of killing a turkey, lie had nearly pitt an end to a goose. flP' Tix Blaltimore Sun pubtish es a letter from George P'eabodty, Essq., to the " trstees for the estab lishment of ati Inistitustion in thie city of Baltimore," committing to iteir disposatl the sum of three hundred thousand dollars. W" A clause in one of the code bills of the State of Missinsippi, pirohsihbiting negroes frtom pre-achting, has passed the Legislature of that State by an almost uanmouts vote. 3w I-r is stated that Lord Napier, the new British Minister, will lie accompanied to this country by hiii wife anti four sons. ft7 PENsnsYmt.vANia cla ims the hionor of origina ting the first Agricuhlural Society in this country after the revoltiinu. It was fojundted in 1785, and Judge Richard Peters was its Presidenit, active pronmp her and patrent. Ig TisESouth Caroiiuna says, very trusthfuilly, that the spell oh fine weather with which we have recently been blessed in not to be surpassed in the j7 TuE Newberry Sun calls for a convention of the newspaper prnprietors of South Carolina, which hall be held at Charleston or Columbia, for the pur, pime of taking measures for the ienefit of the Press. The introduction of the cash system, it says, should receive the earnet attention of the body should it meet. We agree with our cotemporary, and will abide any measures in regard to the cash system that may he alopted. W Col. WADF fDIAPTON, jnr., Daniel Wallace, Esq., Hon. J. D. Allen and Hon. A. I. Mazyck have aliready he-en put in nomination for next Governor of Sonth Car..lina. "Taking time by the fore-lock" is ettin- tao b ione of th-e mottos of Young. Amecican 6 m. C-7 ToE old "red cent" is about closing its ca reer. which h.Is not been an -eventful one, except in minving giver birth to.the favorite.comic asseveraion of aNearry red." -p Ta 'n'eeer'f eihitt a new head-piece hiel,although very pretty, reminds us forcibly of a stupid cnmic song we Sevently heard, the burden of which was-" Old balk eagle sailin' 'round." In spite of this, onr Lancaster brnther is a great follow and we have no doubt will make .that eagle what it professes to be, " E Pluribus Unum." I PRESIDENT PIERCe is expected South, and arrangements are being made in the cities to give him a grand reception. So say some of the papere, others of them indicate that the out-going President remains a guest with Mr. Buchanan at the White-House until he goes towards Concord, Mass. gWO Tn Charleston Mercury informs its readers that R. B.. Rhett has become one of its editors and proprietors. gS AnvICEs have been received by Judge Kane, at Philadelphia, which induce the belief that his son, Elisha Kent Kane, M. D., the distinguit-hed ex plorer, has died at Havana, whither he had gone for the restoration of his health. .yf IF President Pierce's Cabinet remains as at present constituted until the 4th of March next, it will be the firat instance in the history of the government, where a Cabinet has remained entire during the whole of an administration. &VA personal diffnicuty between Col. Wm. Wal lace and James G. Gibbes, acting as editor of the South Carolinian, in the absence of the editor, has been honorably adjusted. 27 SAsuUr.L S. TINDALL, of Sumter District, S. C., (says the lulatchman,) who had been tried and convicted of the murder of his wife, snfl'ered the ex reme penalty of the law, for that offence, on Fa iday last, between the hours of twelve and two o'clock. go ON a recent rainy day a wag was heard to exclaim," Well, my umbrella is a regular Catholic !" "hlow so?" inquired a friend. " Because it always keeps lent." IV' PAVsstoaKr WIt.r.tAts, the celebrated Aboli tionist, was thrown from a sleigh at Elmira, and killed, two or three days stnce. g-'g A writer in the Sparianihurg -..rprcss recom mends lion. B. F. Perry, (if Greenville, as a candi date for Conaress. g" Ur to Mnnday last, twelve hundred tickets had been subscribed for, to the Inauguration Ball, at Wasington. 0OMMUN ICAT IONS. For the Advertiser. EETING OF COMPANY "D."-THE "96 BOYS." ON Monday the 23d inst., the surviving members of Company " D.1" connanle3 by Captain P. S. lnooxs, in the Mex'en war, met in the Court luse to pay a tribute of respect to hais tmemiory On motion of Mr. Smrv.s. Lhkut. W~s. C. fSlo a.os was eaitlcd to thec Chair, and Dr. ELDEaT BAND V-as appiointedl Secretary. The Chair briefly and feelingly addressed the meeting explaunatory of its object, after whicha Lient. -oSPHt AsNEY uflered the following rcanigble :ud Rlesolutions.' A soldier-a patriot is fallen The South waiIs -Caralinat weeps-but we, his gld comrades in arms, are chief tmournersu at his tomb. Slauy we not droj the tear C~f nilhetiotn over the uncimecly fate of one so brave, so generous. so chivalrie, so loved? In sorrow we pay this fee-ble tribute to a fe.llow s gldier, whoase friendship we enjoyt d, whose gal laintry we amirel, whogse virtues we ehe.rishaed, anad whoe patriotiC services nmvW emba':n his namne in otr hearts. Resoled, That in the dleath of ParsToN S. liouxs, ouir lat-- commatandoet ini Aexico. we huave lamst a staunchl friendI. anal the countay a brave sul dicr, patriaat and stautesant R eo!red. That with hnairtfe'lt emoation, we ugh'~l our sarrow with the poignanut grig-f of his nhIieta d faaily :andi white (therishgji ghis mgemogry. we will make g trselvyes the- tast friengas gof tihe ataler ag.e', vh were th,.' special obljects oh his endelaartmnt. R~sord, That these pro~~elinCs be' publi-hedh. and that a copyv of the samg~e be furnishedI to, his be Sr. Anxs.:v, int ohberinag thec Preanple andl Reso lutios. nuddressead tie shiatteted renmntntut of his oll associata s with mucht feeling anal trtuthfutltness. (Oigta the lenguth of Mr. At:' s addgress we imt n1es~arily poastpaone their publication: till our text.-Edl. Adv.) At the conchtsion oaf Mr. Ansr.v's remarks, Mr. Srv:.s arose to seconda thec Preamable anal Resolu tionts, andl~ with te decepest emaotidon. thus spoke tot nly hais own, hut thec sentitactnts of hais comn rades, anal thec whoaae anlie-nc. l a. CttuaINs : Thge ocenasion whgich enaI!s us to. g e huer is one of adaep and meg.lanahly initerest to this little e-natnt of a banda aof brothears. It is the soldier's concern ta he-el an:.l net-nlOt tag spak but lhere, surrogundt..d by those wl:o h ave c one up to dao hatnor to onre whom,: we all loved, it w e-re a pinfughtl tmtsk to keepl silent. Out- coammttn ier, oamarade anal I ia-ml haas agnswet ed to thte tattoo of l;s enmpn azi an, and gosne tao ra st witha hais fathaers and g caompania.tts of thle let hratna sI. ap. The voia e that once atui:-pted us tao aetiona is 1. n-I.e I ina d ih; tth eye thuat I..okedl unnwa~ed ui-on't thec perils of' batte is o'w ireless aund align ; thea reveile oaf the -'~ nprt Iiriag dlrum"g ennt call him fromt his sltumbaers no more. Yon chiivalrie-.itnspirinlg lng eran nog longer lre gii to vi-:toty otr haeckont hitu aat toa glory : It droops itt maotiunul stillnae..s o'er his gra:ve. " Ater life's litlt fever hec sleaeps well! Sleep on, sleep on, brave, gna~t Untoot. Itn his fall, it is truly exprtessedl in thea Pteanmblle and Reslutinas belore you-the~ Repttblic wails thec l s a platr-iat and statesmuat; the Sothl mouruas tth death of a chatmpliott, anda u'arolinta weeps o'er the selatchlre of haer ihvorite sotn: butt we are thae cief mourters ina thae traita; anda, as comarades ?t at s, wh-lo sharedl thae tagibs aia dangers of thie " ate tentd field" witha the lovedg anal latmentedl deaa, it is our provianc to pay thue soldie-r's tribute to his nae and memo~grv. t is hard to realize the solen fact that lae livcs no Itore on cartla. lIe is gotte 'tLis ttrue, hut me ttiks his spairit still linagers wvith ats. Soch men as Parus-aos S. Unoaons naever die. a" Cnnl thbat m~an hae deal W hose spiritual inthicece is uponaa his kinda ? i ti'es in: glarv: ad hgis speaking dlust, lus ote of lift' thana haulf its breathin:g nmoulds." It is not our otlice to assig'n hais statusamon~g his cotetportries atnd the stuatesmn who htave plassed away-this wvill be done by thore who live after u. But his career as a statesman reminds us of Allton's sublime painting of ]Belshaazar's Feast-i it is incophete-utinishted, yet suflicicnt huas been done to show the surpass.ng genius of the artist. r tte history of BuooKs is upon his coutntry's record, and hais eulogy is written in thte hecarts of is i co untrymn; and while gallantry, ptatriotistm antitruth; haonor, love atnd friendshtip are prized as(hue chief virtues of our natture, the tablet waill be preserved in all its purity--untdimmed lby thae lape of time. W knew hinm well, and loved him. Let us cherish his virtues, and emulate his noble exampule. With all my heart, Mr. Chairman, I second the reambl .a Resolinsn nnnn your table. The pirea leIc and Resolutions were then put by the Chair and unanimously adopted. -On motion, the meeting adjourned. - W-. C. OIRAGNE,CAR. E. BLAXD, See'ry. From the Advertiser. THE USURY LAWS. NUNBER ONE. Ma. Earr:o:-An attempt -to demonstrate that our " Usury Laws" are a nuisance, and against the policy of our Government, it is hoped will not be considered out of place. -The fact of thete being no effort made by our Ligislature to Inojlify orjre peal them at the last Session, would argue, in tlie' absence of sectional strife, or more momentous questions, a want of due regard for the inteinal welfare of the State-were it not apparent that our Sessions are most scandalously short. It rather ex cites our wonder, under the circumstancesthat little Iws been done that should have been let alone, and so few things left undone that should~ have been ottended to ; and we strongly suspect that the force of these impolitie laws in this State, is attribu table to hasty legislation, onsequent upon a want of tiie. By way of parenthesis, we will say to,those who exp...et to be candidates for the next Term, that a notice is here given that our humble exertions will be directed in bringing this " Question" to an issue. If there should be among thena any of those wily, ambiguous politicians, whose couelusions (if they should ever be so fortunate as to arrive at. any) are based upon the opinion of the majority, and to the ascertaining of which their sole aim is directed, they will certainly thank us for this kind sugges'tion. That a modificaiion of our Usury Laws is neces sary, but few will dispute; that they should be abolished we hope to prove beyond the shadow of a doubt. In tie first place, it is proposed to notice a few of the arguments brought forward in their favor: Seondly. to show their immoral tendencies: And, Lastly, to state suceetly, our reasons for being op pnsed to Usury -Laws-based principally upon the right of pioperty, and the general Laws of Trade. We hope to be Able, not only to neutralize. the forece of the reasoning in support of Legislative in terference on this subject, but to draw fiom the same premises quite opposite eencluiions. Of course there niust be a law regulating those contracts where the parties have said nothing about the rate of interest ; but as this is palpable, we will iEs on to the grand argument of protection to the poor nian, the falacil-usness of which is easi'y detected by the merest tyro in Political Science. Let us ex amine this s-called tegis that is thrown around him. Interest on money is regulated by the profit of the capital, and the risk in lending; but when th: .aw steps forward and prohibits the taking of but a fixe.l per cent, it imroduces angther element that operates directly against the borrower, as it compels him to ensure the usurer against the consequences a violation of that law-an element in the last degree injurious to the very persons for uhose benefit it was Itade. It also haIs tendencies to im morality, of which we desire to speak presently. What becomes or this powerful barrier against the exactions of the monied aristociacy ? Does it con sist in offering the assistance of Courts of Justice? If so, the reptngnance to call for their aid, and the acility Vith whicht they can be evaded, almost amount to a nullity. There is another item which, though not often taken into account, deserves the consideration of the apologists of Legislative interposition in tis brainch of trade. I allude to the odiunm that attaches to the secret violation of the Law. This is no small item, as it has been quite sufficeient of itseif to deter the mote sensitive t'rom-enlgalgin'g in such truffle. .This is incidental, for so soon as the obstruction of the Lw is .torn do,vn, and interest thrown on the broad biasis of Denmand and Supply, regulated by their principles, and viewed in the sonme light with other commodities of the market, immediately it is absolved from all odium. Again, it places power* in the hands of a few, who are & nabced, if so) disposed, to tyranize over the unfortunate ;and there atre always a snflicient number of persons who are ine qpable of restraining thatselves in the exercise of it, when the reward is mnoney. A tid as the fear of the consequences of a vilatio.n of the L.aw, and the disapprobation con seuent to its evasion, are quite .sulejentt to drive the mnore law .hviing citizens fronm the market, it is phain that, the very class of men which the la&w intnded to cheek ore left undisp.uted moasters of ts pr,.Ftable field of operations'. Here we have an instance of hasty and1 unwise Legislation. If the reely ptroposec1 for a previontsly existinig evil hiad pi o&ed powerless, it II (onld be obj.-etionable of n,. essity-but, what mu t we say i hen it uiIceses the evils ten t'oldI. The Samle Li.mergttneies that conopel a person to hourrw, forces hiini to, nee- pt of jus: such tel ims as miy be offe'red ; te avarieious proportionming the terls to his enubarrassmient. lBut, say s our oppo nent. thte law gives redress : to which we answer by quoting the opinion of a distiniguished Economtist of ur age, that, " It is twedless to say. that such laws enn ever be enfortced. Alen in want of muone y'. w;1l paly what they please for it, and ti."se wh . hoose tm pay enotugh ih~r it, can generally borrow.' D es not our iown experie-nee verify the fact ? This results fromt the remedy beinlg suicidal, for who would ever place cnnfdenice in him who ha.l once sought protection fromn the Courts of .Justice ? To the inure high puinded, the degra.lationu an.1 shame that foll..wi a breach of honor and veracity, are quite a sufficient preventive t., an appeal to Law, in order to avoid a s.'lenon promise. X. Y. Z. Conitied from last week. EUROPEAN CORRESPONDENCE. fter resting and iettinug clihes, &c., I started fr rieste. The fir.4t part of the route was by rail, andl a most extraordinary tail roadl, being the tirst that has cleared1 a motuntain ranlge. The ele vatin of the grade is somnetimnes more than t00 f~et to the muite, and as we steamued along~ the mioun tain ledges, we turnied outr eyes from the snowy suunmits ahilve its to~ward~s which our winding way eas reaching, and looking down, these precipices, d ~escried it the gorge beneath andl several hun dre feet directly tunder us the station we lhad left sote half hour before. Its totituousi coutrse, its lofty stone arches biridging the chastms, its numter ous tunnels piercing the tinks of the nmountain or uting through mtasses of over-hanging rocks, and its shelving grades suspended hetwecen two ptrecipices, gave it rather the ap~pearance of sonme Titanic stair-case, than of a rail road. The long gorges, the ruined castles capping the sumits of he mountains uinder us, and the towns dwindling away in thte distant valleys, all combhined, we could tot ut for the whistle and the deep breathings of te locootive echoing along the maountaini sides, have believed that it was in reality a rail way over wvhic, we were travelling. Then came fourteen hours of German staging. There was no other hae, and so with enlarged tonsils and a raging head-ache, I took my place at 5 P. M., (it is night here at 4 P. M., at this season, and in Venice I must light my candle at 2 P. M. There is less liht in Venice than in anty other city. There is no use for it, the pteopile only come out at night aitd go to bed late in the mornting,) just behind the driver. In fronit we were protected by a leather curtain which was buckled tight. My companion ws tte Secretary of soine Archtduke Max or oth er was very aftable antd gave tte an excellent eigar. Iut the old rulhian, warmly clad from the crown of his head to the soles of his feet in innumerable ftrs, kept exclaimintg how htot it was, and pushing his side of the curtain open. Warmt! The snow fo eeApn and driving then, with the inrvible wind which sweeps over this country rit 4urfaces.-. The snow ceased, and towards mormng ,itewindtpcreasing, suddenly Iopened my swollen eyes and looking down the mountain saw in the distance rows of gas lights. It was Trieste! and the cofmoonpover head lighted up the shipping that was floating upon the Adriatic. The rest of that day I slept and the next morning just as the grey.'light of the dawn was extinguishing the moon's beams, I followed my baggage to the steam er for Venice. As we steamed out into the deep blue Adriatic, the scene was magnificent. Thb shy yr,,Wvktout a ,qpd.( re~wfn~ I Ie aire Pi wo mbintin fanbi ooio wht shut out the Eastern, the other the Northern hori z6n-- before was-the sia-covered with Innumerable boats of quaintest rigging. It was still dark at Trieste when the deep orange tints in the East, do ihning 'with -a doublelineas-t-wore the biastel of the Illyrian Mountains, announced the rising sun. The tints deepened; .oddenly the highesti the snowy summits to the North lighted vp and the illumination spread from-it as from a-centreto the other heights. The sleeping elouds1'first white, then rosy, floated up fromr ehima th Eastern mountain. The deep icolor of _ l nd; and sea, and sky, the eastles and fortifications on the heights, the dreamy city 1eo and the fantastic boats that wei-e' moving to and fro arogna us, all joined to make me feeT that the next moment Guido's Aurora would realize itself. One spot of intense splendour appeared, then a hemisphere,,. then a globe of fire, and "quicker than thought, a flood of sun beams poured down over mountain and wave, and I had seen a sun rise 'on the Adri atic. There was a dramatic effect in these phe nomena which, magnificent as they always are, I have never seen elsewhere, and which I cannot de scribe. Certainly it was such an influence that made imtions which once witnessed. scenes in this country, believe that they stood in such near re lations with the supernatural powers; and who ever has floated on the Adriatic at sunrise might believe that Neptune was a God and Aurora a Goddess. Seven hours more and Venice was before us, the fair daughter and spouse of the Adriatic. Alas! I am no poet and I must shock you with my own impressions. Between the "City" and the "Sea," I should have thought that the first, if either, was the " mother." There she sits, drawn up, gloomy and silent, save where some -crumbling palace wakes the ripple of her canals, an'd then beyond, rolls the sea, as light and free,,and blue, as when the first sun beams fell upon it. Do you know how Veiice struck me first, when~I landed among the Gondolas on the Piazzetta, in front of the Ducal Palace and the two columns, and the bronzed Lions, and traversed the Place St. Mark, and looked upon the famous Basilique and the Campa nilla I Hold your ear close then, and letmo whis per it, for it is blasphemy.and must not be spokes loud. She looked liko a*lh-woman, who having accumulated a fortune.in the oyster trade, arrays herself in gorgeous apparel; but corpulence and long habit hinder her from quitting the dear spot which has witnnessed her success, and so she c'mes back and ivith all' her finery -squats mournfully down upon a bank of oystershells, and sticks her naked feet into the mud.' There is not a pedestal to all the columns which adorn Venice. The fair daughter of the Adriatic hides her feet in the still water of lagoons ; and when she commits the impropriety of displaying her ankles, you are struck with the reflection that .water does not always wash clean. But do not condemn me too severely for this. I have seen all the sights1 read most of the stories, and even sketched the prettiest balconies and coluns~ of Venice. You like it better, or I do, as it becomes -more familiar to you. You cease to be pained by the dwarf pillars of the Palsice of the'Dogos, and the dumpy St. Marco, with Its golden: Mosaics, Its 200 columns of every color and shape, likeso many sticks of candy, overcoming by its quaintnes the. bad impression which the impunity of its style made upon you. Then you come to enjoy its ca nals so sombre, so silent, so sad. No sound save the occasional splash of oars, no moving thing save the dark gondola glidit g past like a hearse, and on all siden the gloomy palaces, rising balcony and colonade above balcony and colonade, door alid window and balustrade jeaded ,with ornamenits and realizing all the qucrest phantasies that ever uzide~d a pair of dividers over paper. They look dleserted, but report tells you that the'descendiant~s Iof the Dioges and of R oman consuls sit shivering wvithin their bare walls. To me there is no style of architecture in Venice, only a style of archmitec tural ornament. Such appears the famous capital of thec Republic to me ; but mind you, tell no body what I say, foar poet, historian and romance writers, all tell a dlitlerent tale, and the reader is shock~ed or carried away by the rehearsal of its tragedies or its love scenes. Its love scenes !-I assure you I envy none of the heroes, for I have never seen such a numbler of ugly and dirty female faces. A pretty Venetian remains for me yet to sec. The woen co(ld as it is, wvalk the streets with bare leadls and shoes turned down at the heel, and the men, I do not think would be admitted into any other Euroj~ean City that I have yet visited. It h~as 1,eeni remarked that Venice looks like a retired Pirate, andl I think I can see every where unmuis takah!e traces of the opulent tradesman. Old as thi arsorc was, doubling, In length of pedi gree, the most ancient families of Northern Eu rope, their lives were spent in driving bargains, that ill cultivate men to lordly sentiments and man ners. Venice is dull, although the Court is here, and except one laughable scene, my Christmas wvas dhuller than a Philadelphia Sunday. The Emperor andl Empress had managed some how unobserved out of the Palace and across into the Church. Pretty soon thme people on the place found out that' they was there and they collected in great crowds to see them return. Mass was over. No Emperor appeared. The greatest excitement prevailed ; the people inunning first to one door and then to the other, while I imagined the Emperor dodging about among the pillars inside. At last he fcund it was of no use, and so with his wife on his arm lhe slip ped out of a side door, but the people saw him and they rushed round from the main portal and formed such a crowd that the illustrious couple could barely make their way through. He was dressed like a common soldier in the long grey overcoat and small glazed cap. He is rather above middle height, slender and his face lhes' something pinched up about it, which would have made you say he was decidedly bad lo,,king, and his eyes were swollen as the' he had been on a prec thme night before. He was not shaved and looked as though lhe was not washed. Thie em press has pretty features and resembles her Moth er, the Queen of Bavaria. She has that1 eculiarly yellow tint, which I think interesting. Bye the by, I found the bronze horses four in immber on the Church St Murk, just where I always said they were. I am moreever confident that we stopiped before at the Hotel Damielli on the quai des esdavous beyond the Palace of the Doges and the prisons as you go from the great canal. I went there for a letter and the Landlord said my name was familiar to him. H. NEW YoRK, February 16. THE BURDELL lMURDER.-The Coroner's Jury have closed their labors with ayverdict. charging Eckel and Mrs. Cunningham as principals, and Snodgruss as neccessoury in the late murder of Dr. Burdell, in Bond street. NEW YoMK, February 17, 1857. GREAT ExcrrENIENT iN THE TEA MARKET. In consequence of private advicea, the greatest excitement prevails,-in the tea market. Sales