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; ~~~ TM -- -- We w-ill clini to fia Pilears of tile Teaspic of our Libertics and if it must fall, we will Pcrish n t W. F. DURISOE, Proprietor. EDGEFIE-D S. C., JULY 8 THE EDGEFIELD ADVERTISER IS PUBLISHED EVERY THURSDAY BY W. F. D U R IS 0 E, Proprietor. A RTHUR SIMKINS, Editor. Two -DOLLARS per year, if paid in advance-Two Dor.Ans and FIFTY CFX-TS if not paid within six months--and TitnEE DOL.ARS if not paid before the expiration of the year. All subscriptions not distinct ly limited at the time of subscribing, nill be consider ed as made for an indefinite period, and will be con tinued until all arrearages are paid, or at the option of va_ the Publi . Sutbiscriptions from other States innist INVAnRIABLY he accompanied with the cash or refer ence to sone one known to us. AovI:trTsEsMNTS will he conspicnously inserted at 75 cents per Square (12 lines or less) for the first in sertion, and 371 cents for each subsequaent insertiaont. When only published Motthly or Quarterly Al per square %%ill he charged. AllAdvertieinentsnothaving the desired number of insertions marked on the nar gin, will be continued until forbid and charged ae cordingly. Those desiring to advertise by the year cain doso nt liberal termz-it being distinctly undersaood that colt tracts for yearly advertising are tonfined to the imme diate, legitimate biusinetss of the firtt or indaivitual contracting. Transient Advertisemttetnts tmust be paid fur in advance. For ainioutcintg a Candidate, Three Dollars, is A1)V.iNCE. For Advertising Estrays Tolled, Two lollars, to be paid by the .Magistrate advertiii. For Con-ro. aMn. EDrToitt:-1'lase .tanout-nce lI on. P. S. B1ROOKS as aCaitlidate for ra-al- tt ta terte sent the Fourth Congression-ti kn.-u , cosisti of Edgeliel. Abbeville, Latrits, NeVheTy and I Ax ington, in the next Cwiless, which election will be ield in Octber next, anl theey gretly ob ligo MA.NYFilN . i Tt: Friinds of 'ol. A. C. G .\ 11. Nt T')N resietftlly antioee hin :;s a CandidaLate ti, re-pre sent the -Ith Conatgresionaal I);stIet, at the electiti in October next. For the Scaiu g- Ios. .J. P. C.\ R It iLL is respet futlly annoauncel lby Itis fri,tds as a e.mililate flr re-ale- - ititn to the State Senate, tt the chsanin eletin . ! Ttte Frin-tids of Nlaj. TIl.!A.\N WAT St N. respect.tily nominate Lit as a canlihdate tr seat itt the Stat.e Stat- at te nxt lec.t ati. For t1he lionae. trMAJ. Z. W. CA R WI I -; is re p tlully ana noutncea-d by his fri.ils as a Candlidate f.r re-cve tion to the Hause of lvIrvsclatives at the ieat Sessin. - Tuts Friends of Mir. WADEI IO.STEIlN, niinate hain ats a eanlilate for a Seat inl thea; Jlaaana-e of Represcitaiavs th e t4a:.C etiont:. W-The Frienls -if Wal. 1.. DION. Is4. respectfully atnounee hit as : ( -:mlida: loa aSeat n the next 1House (if liepres-titativ.:s. U Tiu Fri-ndsaof Nfaj .1. C. A !.LEN :tnounte hitn as a Candidate for re-l-eltion to, a So at it the Le-gislature of Saautl CarIinia at the vni vic'tion. MR. .m-Tnt,---You wil p'ents- anno:;tica( G EIO. E. IIEN) )Y. l i.. as a C(andilate tor a S::t itn the IIouse if 1.g-presenttatives at the ina-t al'etioln and oblige il-s "tins [V Tim Friends of CA Wl.Y W.aSaillS, E1 .. respaectfully atounce hiti as a Candidate for a Seat ho. : 1Legislatu tre. -;-.: Friettds (f G. D. TI LLlA N, Esq.. respectfully aaannnce hin as a e:ttidate ir a1 Seat in the Legi-lature at the next elvetin. U Tt: Frie-nads of C lio. W. I.% N )l!: Imtn niottle hit as a Catndidate- fo- a Seat in the txi Lcuislature. Lig- 'rTu Friendas of D~r. TI. h1.. CooK respeat fualy anniounce htimt a Canidiate far a seatt ini the nevxt I Iouse oaf Raepresentatives. gg- TicK lFriemtls of W. C. SlutA t N li, 1.51, respaectfullay antnaatnce hit its a ae:nttidatea for a Set in the Ihouse of Reprasentatives at the nevst electioan. A. P EIRR I N, ATTORNEY AT L lW, V1T ILL prac-tic-e at E-dgeliehld atnd thte Courts of S zteaadjotining Districts. OFtaflCE, Brick Butilding, Law Range. Edgefield C. H., S.0C. 31ai1, tf I8 S. WV. MIABRY ATTORNEY AT L.AW AND SOLIlCITOR IN EQUITY, tU Os'FICF at Faheliahl utrt Iliouse, (tate da'aan belaaw G. L. PENN's famtily gia-ecry. Ajpril 27. tfI S. S. T 0 M~ P' I I N 5, ATTORNEY AT LAW, gr Os-t-et: i N ti t:utt oaf Tnttt CtoLT ttttt. Eehtfieldl, S. C., Febl 8, tf d Practice of Surgery! J') K, ,al KAU I1~1t ES, An-.:tntia, Gat., is~v preaedt t a tatmmaadate witha l.aadlina an Nurtta;intg, snelh p-titets tt. tmay Ibe direted taa .1U .\aters maty be tissutred that their Serviants will have evryneesar atati . A ugusta. 3 lI 19 D r. l%, W, A bn ey II.a \VIN re vdint th - i!!a-ra, faar tln Ipurpose of deing hhui. tmtare axalutsively tat his proafessiont, and aaen-tpyit:g tltm r-sideata- litr baevoandlthe liapti-t I huarchI aat the righat. :ua jaitting the .\laae Aaemylet. (tha c.a2. nan lirmterly taccuplied by 8. S. Ttamp~kitns, rag., :ntta Li. (. A. Raymont~td. ti frs btig IProfeiE ~~onal Services~aa Toa the people of thte Village tad the sttttomtalintg -ounatrV. In th Itdaay, hte can ha faaund itt hais (O~lce, aldj in ing thae (tliec oaf W. W. .nA., EK-a., tad in frtaat oaf thte paresattt reaiaatnCe aaf 3r. ( a-t. ...\la, t anod ~at nighat, Ite cant he faannda at hti.<adwelling. I Ie will give attenatian att all timaes taaast pucu :l11, toa all a-als upoat hinit, ai!ther lor :aaive inal late se-ripatiaans, aor for peoa~ttl attteanceata-. M1. W. Ara.N iY. ,Jan 11tf5 Interesting Poem, R a. A. G. T 'll AG1 It a tar sttle, tan aaommais .. sian, Alissa .lert.ia A .lit -r's laaaatas,aetitiaaa '-SM11 I h- A NI) TElAl. 17 lThis ebastt-- Iittla worak meiarits andt hul obtatl aaina faar thea ttrtunttate Anathoaras,-t a liberal lautt aatge~a fraonlt a symath~nlisinig anda aebariiable paeaple. Alai- 19 I Notice. LL,1 Perstans indaebtedl to thei Es5taIe a-fa A I iens ./ Tic-ker, dee'd., ae ttaftile ttmaka. prompalt ptaymentt, anda Itasa haantt aleinntals tt--'ant stad Estate are requeastedl to rendler I -t in intitnediate-ly, proapet hy attested. IANDON TIT~KE, Adut'or. SPEECH OF 11ON. P. S. BROOKS, ON THE P'U3LtAC LANDS. In the 1ne (if Representatives, June 1.1, 1851, the Civil and Diplomatic bill being under cn sideration, Mn. IRoOKS SAI: The disposal made yes. terday of the bill to aid in the construction of' a Railroad to the Pacific had refereice to the final action of thellonse,and w~as not intended to ce.ck discnssion, but to give time to the friends of the road to increase their numbers, and to disseini nite a more general information on the subject. It is apparelt to the slowest oberver, that in no place throughout the country is less atte.n tiin given to speces, or have they less influ. enee and eti'-et, than here: and it' the Ho se' will hear with me ini the delivery of my remiarks, I promise not agailn to trespass t1p1on1 its tileI diu ring tie remainder of this session. If the paternity of a bill could recommend it to my judgment as strongly :1s it does to my feeligs, I fear that my regard for miy friend ftrom California who int rodueed it, tog-ether wi i Imy V syiimpathv with.and interest inl behnilt (1f, his State, wonihi commit me to a vote which my1V undertantidinig ennlot approve, or my inttrfire ttion of' the powers of the Constitution justity. The itfectiois of my heart have been kindled into I glowiiig warnthi towards that. distant Stale, whose entire delegation in either branch of thjiS (ongress have recently passed through tIe crneible of constitutioial trial, md proved themselves to be-like its staple coniiodily purie ,rold. I yearn to fold this youngest of our sister StItes in a closer atd firmer eilbrace, anid will cast my vfte for :y incasnire viebi will ell'ct it. provi!e'd I am not, reqpiired to compro ilise betweeni Ilny coinsCience and the Con.tiln tioni. I have re:id the bill for a railroad and tele errZpilikc coinnnnication to the Pacific wili care. Iid nr-rnd it with greater care : and it is with simi-lvere regret that I ti contstrainied to ollse i passe. We are t.,ked to donate alternate I s(etiols ox tte Iiublic 1.ands (which are ito les a part of tlie comimion Ireasire of all the State., ita t he motey in the vnnilts of' the Trea-ur.. ont either side of a line yet, to be determined, to soie joint stock companty yet to be created. for th' luirpose of Aiding iln the constrneliin or :I railr-o-md awd telegraphic connmnm Irt the city of Sani Francisco to ,ione point, yet to lbe located, (in the Mississippi river. an:ywhere . het ween the thirty.seventh parallel of north iti ude mid the boundary lint, of 3lexico. We are akel to extend tle sections so donated to a di.t ati11' of fif'theien miles on either side of tie r'aend. from tle Mississippi river to the one iun. rired :id sixth devree of longitude west o G rehwieb. (a Point in the Rocky otnt nlins:) frtomi tItence to tle enstern boinid:ry of tlie State of Califiornit. tIt alternate sections shall be tlnnted on either. side to a distatnce of twInty five mile-: and from that poimt, through the State of California to the western terminus, the .onipany's right to land shall reach agami to fifteen miles on either side of theproposed road. Privileges of earth, gravel, stone, and thuilher, ,1 beused in its conrutietton, :ire extendt d toI :iy of the :idjacent lands of the United SIatei. . mtiaximiltil bontis lor six hundred db.!l:irs per ile per aninm is proposed' fror t ie t- e or thic -m~i and telegra lili e liby Ihe I'nite'd States, 'or pust :l, military, naval and other Government utirpiosews. and th' control, m:ngement and pro. itu ot the rond. togrether withI ils casetments pr'vilelv. and riglits griinranteed to the contr.e 1ic company for a ipiarter of :I century. The I -o:idl anl its' fte-iluire is tlen to revert to th ft I Government :ind such sections of it as I lie within the limits of a State "1 shall vest in nl bcoime the property of the State or States i within whichl the same is located, subject to the I e Of the United States for postal, military,nnd I l other Government service, and sulject. also,I to sne'h repnbatiAns as Congress may Impose, estrictinzilie charge for transportation there. mell. Aid all otlir St:ites org:lised therenfler ipoin the line (f s:iid roil shall ntm'iire the sami < rihts, suliject to the like provisions and restrie. I I will sav nothing of the dangerous impohliy I ,if nik in.r donatins, to or coitraetmg with, iny 1 on~ which has not becen even locnted, and I whihi unde'r thle pereset. Ihill. m:ty be int~'lilit e- I 1 st retcedei in anighfar lutes from oneo reiton of - Ieratiads tioii ant her: tfor I assumei that the iot direct practicail se reinte wonuld be adopted. H nt. I :ipphriitch the eintt'tion direetly, alid pr i0( to Eieni it as5 1 woutld deliberate u pon a 1 firivate p'rioject of my own, or of a corporate .o:myi~l, whicht I, ini part, was called on to re-I mri'"nt. The first consideration would be, plenitutde oif ny anhrityV to cottract. The secind, the propriety atnd expediency oef the otract. Theni its specific termis antd c(n-l dit ions. CoSwrrrT-rtONt. A-rironrrr. Thte powe'r of C'onlgress to dispiosOeof the iniie dlomaiin is bothI uufe'rre'd and liatifted in le third sietiont of the tourthi article (of lie 'onsu tition, wt hichi readls as follows. '"' Th Conigress shallI have pouwer tol dispolse' f, antd mtlake tall nleedflul rules and reglaht ieons e.ctinlg the teritory or othier proet , lee ona1.ig to the United Staetes: anmd nothmlg mt tis Cetust ituitioin ."hall bei se coinstruied as teo r idice any', climis of' the Untited States, or of mea partientir Stat e."' v interpre'ttionl of this section is, that Con. re-s ha~s no power to dispose of' the pnlie ituds ini tny way that witll net. inn re to thetee it Ef tall thle States cr/cirelythi!, iti as egnala atil as fossilble: anld t his general bienetit s -stigL l'romit ec'h part itnfar fegislat ive ent eniitt, what I titnlerstan~d to) have beent meant by tle fratmers ot' the Constitution as the " gen-. Wiitot this litnitat ion of power andi te ('On diitin that the di..pisahli by owugress of' thle c'om1 titin teurritory anil ofthe'r property' oh' the Unii Ied itte, shialf not be, so c'onmst rued " as to [ire. o itte'urv eliis if' thue I inited Stfates, or of myd paicil lar St ate'," thle doior for local initernalI ti'; ovementk, lie wihh-est and most extravagant, SiN b rt'wn itwbtle ope'n, aindi :uiost resisthess temitt fittils olfered4 to a coa;lit inn oh' lairge States toi 'ni'r itf, to the exhinnstatiotini ofl the peeniairy -eoresou ii of thle stmaller States. Unltimitedl 1gni..iiitus of mtore territory, whether hy cotn. itet or piurchase', woufd tmttd zealous advoenti' n t the very mieni . wh itold 7Dr'fess to beq res raiie tiy counstituttional serutphes, from putttiig heir hatnds inito the lFeideraIl Treasury for the hitifit iif their respecctiv'e States. T huis interpreftation of the poeu'r of Congress Eiver lie pulti e lantds is corrobolratedl by tfie fn giae of every deed of cession~ of lds. fiy Ithe States to thle Getteral Governmuenlt. hrtia cEf h er pulicit fands itn I 7t. ti tder te codi-fi I iens wvkhic appefar in thte f'olloiniug exNtract f'rotm er :et of' cession. "Tfhat all thle lands withtin the territory', as - '(ded to thec Unuitedl States, and1( niit re'serve'd fir, or appfroplriatedh to, an', of thie btefore'menl iin purposes, or disposed of int boutie is toi e itlicrs and soldiers of thte Amnericant armyi, hall be considered as a 'ommttOni fund four fthe tise nd henie'ftt of' such of thte Unitedl States as hte beeome, or shall beecomlte, umembters of' this I onederationt or Federial Alfiancee of thie said tates. V'irginia inclusive, according to their 'spctiec and nantal firoportion in the era and bota title dmispowed of for loit Imli and for no other use or purpose whatsever." tn the same ver, .\lassachuseiIs relininished her lands " to Ili dispused of fur the coinnon benefit of the United States." In 1786. Conneeticut relinqinilihd her lanls to the United Staieis, for tlie comoiion se and benefit of sAid Sttes, Cinnilectien iii-ive. In 1787, South Carolina m1i:iile " : liberal ceg sion to the United States of her elaiins (to land) for the comnon benefit, of the Union." In 1790, Nirth Carolina ceded her vaeant lands in the following words: " That :111 the t:inds intendei to lie ceded, bV virnuc of thiis et. to th. I *niitil Suait, #if :Ameri (!. and not :;pjroipri:tiI is beforeeti, shaill bet consideried as ;I comm~on femid, for thle use and bi; ot Ihe Uit d ,siwes of iierici, NOrh I'aroliuna inchi..ive. aecordin to their re spective and nijwi poplortion inl the general einiirpe aandluniti rt, iud shall lie fiilbfillv disposil tit' for that purpoise, and fur no othier use whatsoever." Georia cteded her iids in I Sn:2 for the sunne purposes and alnost in identieal hmiaigi-ige. It. is said that the words " pirejudire in i cm" (See. :;. Art. 4 of itie Const ion) have exelu sive relerence ti conirtricts relative to lil.eir linds, Whieb wer e hllail iv -omie of the obler States bietfore tile adijit ion of the ConstitIllilil. I call not think si o and it seems to me, if this von struionli is correct, tlat the ie..hitiioils ill the diterent deeds (of cession " for tlie comiLion bell Ol," "e mmo 111101 nd111," "- gneral ebarge andl e.x pendhitre." are idle and silly. If the cintract made by a State Ielitive to its v:int 1:111d, prior Io the :idoption tof the -'ederal Constihti lion, was then perfect. it rejiniried Iionle friini future legiahionl, and aequired none1 from111 any restirictiin I in a deed of ision. if, on tin other h.i;d. lilt ioniliitt :is imperfecl, :nI the Sie 1uq14ty mial1 a pirfect contract. uith the 1iniitd Siltes, then ilie argrient. uinl the mleaniing "I' the word im falls to dhe ground. It is hardlv Supp s:ihle that :a Slate which1 has been cru.; . o.t h! rniry lvi: -hit wien the [Iudson iud .Mki.issippi livers," the terri tory of which was ceded before the adop.ion of the l'ederal Cornstituion, wnihi admnit,:tity chlimt iter soil whicb .Massachus-.illmigh prde. In mIy indemeIINt, it is InIorek reasonlable and irist ito 'coiminde that the worl "eiiiis' was used inl I tie sensi of rghl/, and that the tirue it:iiig of the iaire chinse is, that the right of ilhe Uniedu States Government to dispose of the public lands for tWe " gelnereal wehlair'' of ll the States, s;il not lie prejudiced, nor the ight iep ra t le Slaite IrjudicdI by hsnieh I diiiosal as due. not. colifer pon iI the saile nefits whih are thu1s dirived by the other tates of the .iono. One thing is certain, that orili Carolina and Georgia, wlich States e iced heir vacant, limds atier the adioptirn of the Con titltion, never wnvhl have ceded them, had the 11........ -... :.: fjust, does not pply to tieiritory iegiiurii i irhns or ouiiist. It ovenirs to mne that it, plits with as itich flore inl ono instimee ..s then )ther. Whaout is thie Geler.id GoXivilerment hut he agent of the Sitates of the union ? Withl vhose money has territory b,!een pulrchied, if iot with the niloney of t le Slates? liy whim ins the conliqnl ill' territory liien m:ale, if not iv the brave hearts :nd ,I ily aIiis of the citi :ens of all tle States ! \Vhy, then, a dilferenice If tenure, or a more nlinitid power by the ieneral Goverliinenti or terrilirv liuiuhit toii iumielre ! Where van you titter repair for 1striiulions :is to Il powiers of (Co inviis over he piblic laiids, :uelpiired il :iy lii)linier, tla:in o the deis of cession, Mde at (iir about Ie ime of the adoition (if the Constitution, or to imti whio, nhov~ue all othirs, we ma~y rega~ird as its other ? Now, sir, thet only phntiiii!e argnmenui~t -1 say pliausillt, tbecause it is 1110re' ipeiuis lhin e'orrect, whieb ha~s ever bieten :ahuiie ini mpport ?1' the cionstitutionality of Ih nec:lts of Jongress, whierebyv a pant of the coin teril (1ri ory whlich' this Gouvernimenit, ais at trustlee. louids, 'for the coalniumo bieiitit of aill the Staitis," hats iteil Lele to indiviidi.il StateIs, hr toi inctorpo it the pirice $'. 50 per ere, w~ill briing ats mneth noney(i into theimiiumi TIreaisuiry, .;it :t .an arier day, undier thle impulse18 of ienterpirise thus1 'ostered ais if the whole were sift at .91 :25 per tere. Even if tis was tthe tuumt. I caninot peir eive hoiw it aflets thle lonistituitionail I iestion1. tic Gneurail Gouuvermitiont ii lt hrorieitor of thei imbhlii Innds, :mid I hiat ini l1i. ebiarieter iif aipro-i ent piropretir, hias the rigrht andii that, it is its lo'inii which will fuleilitaite the snite tuf its stir ius finils, :imd binig ito tthe TIreaisiry the pre. -ise amuniiiit if monitey Ithait. wnihl ha~ve ben -enlized hadi all thle thmds heena sol at tle price reribled buy biw. it seemis to mie Itihat hier, is correct coletin-Ion tdednUetd fronm lidse piremi ecs. Thae Goiveirnmenit is noi1 t a iipropietiir, hut t ruste*e, hioldinug tlinds1 fir fte staites w hich reted it. Propietoshi~p impliies abusoliite con roi-a fee-simpile titte ;aind it' thei governmuenit the piropruietor iif the publiulns, its power )ver Itihem iind over th-- money prioceeding tromi heir sailes is niilimited :iimii it iiiyv dliate either and iir motney tti a State, at ciorpouratioin, or ani nhividlnul. uit as a Itrustee,. with a poiwer liver ie putblie laiids :iiii their piroceedis, limitedu to ie e.Neenfitin of ithiir eunilueratedl lowers.a:nid o the enirryinug Itiii iinto opieraitiuin, thost: d~uti ers an md ahinses are atvoided, and11 thle righ s :anitd itrsts of aill lthe States prieve. lIn the aguage of a Seuuahor friiii \'irgii. (.\r. Ilaini er,) Itie idaily bueauty oif wvhoiie hie :idiors iin eleei- eundiiowmenit and1 schi'birly atta:inmenitts ichu remiind is of the \i'ir if .telTersoin andi ie hiecompuihihlenits if Witrt, " give this coni 4traciin, :u viii m:;ke the wvhiile system of ie Cuonstit ution hiarmnoniions;i y ubring no t'.'o iroviimns iunto confidbt. Give it an.y thier con ,trueumii, and yoll desroy onie puart act the exc 1i0nse of thet other." A prudelnt trustee, however, may exercise a vise dicretimin ini thin manau~gemnt of aii estatet.I is well as a pirophrilir ; aind.so four as the uppuli mationi if thei powevr imi thie lill undeihr consiiderai il is conc~iernetd, it is tiot mat Ierial to my views in wa~t charaeter we iuy rewird the Genueral [Governenit. I t is iiot neciessalry to mty ptirpose lo show I ha~t t he nirgimienit ini rfe'rmnce to the tipreiaIiuonui of t valuet of thle rt'servedi sectionis is uniformly fallacions; limt, as ine of tthe ny puinltd truisteis of the Sintfes of' this L'zniiii, hoiiig prorlty oif whiih the Staites arte the re~aI owniers,.-ind whiieb it is imlnimbenit umpon lil, ii prt, to muanage for their culonnion gioodi, it becnes propuer thai~t 1 shonha tl show c, biy sI ate - ets taken firom thle reports of' thie Comi s cioers of theli Land Oflice, thaut :in increase of' Itie smles of' thle pitbhlic lhmds is nmot ilwayisI ts rffetedt; amld that, umoureover, it is 80om1et imeis a loosing speettionl. Ini the venr i:;, wais Soutld f thie pulic lands. fwenty i'iltionu sevenity-fuir lih,simde. igb. homa undrd11( icete-vone acres. In 1841.......................... . , -1,.796 1612 ........ .... .............. 1' p,217 18-13. 1,605,264 1844. ......---- --- ........ .1.7,763 1815 ........... ........... 1.843.527 1846. ... . .. . . . . . .22 373 1M47 ............... 13850............... 18513................ 2.10658,380 Total for twelveyii. The habit of doinatiig alternate sections of I land for railroad purposes wa en ntracted, I believe, in 18-14;yet there was less .ind sold in i wulve venra, froi 1841 to 1e'52 inclusive, than u111nder tiie old conservative habit, in the single vear 1836. When alternative sections of land are donated, it is the stereotyped laniguage of the bills that the reserved sections shall be held at double-priice, which leaves the impression on the publit tmind that, with the difference of the .dd seet ioa, there i.s an.equail nimber of sections re!ervedl anld grated, and that, the half being sold at the jile of the whole, nothing is lost to the Treasury:X S,ueh, however. is not always the fact.; 1rjirifato entries are informa'ly re speeted, adihen. thy fill within the line to which the righ s of idih doiiees in the first in stance extend.hn auithority is given to the doners to go still -further, to the right or left, and take another amount of land einal to the amount tiken by private entries, though such priaie' entries'were i.aide at the Government price . 1.25-per adre. I gnote from the aet to al:lf.Peeriain alleritate seelions of the public doimlaillytWairds the' coiplet ion of works of interral. improvemenflin the State of Michigan, the fothowinig claise "A nd as some of the sections, and pirts of sections, wit hiin the limits afore. lid, have been heretofbre sold or otherwise dispo.-ed of' or eniuibered, so that they cannot be so dppied, it is furthermore enacted that a quantity of land eqal to that sold, or otherwise disposed of or enenimbered, shall bQ selected by said agent, under the direction of the Secretary of the Trea sury, from the public lands, near the site of said rai:r-ad, oin either side -thereof.' 'This flet explains why it is that, while the llinois Central Railroad received 3,751.711 acres there was reserved at douibie price bit 1,679,461 acres, wliiii is 223.981 acres less than iif the number donated by the Government. The re served sections weri offered for sale in July, 1852, and on the 30t f f September, 1853, there tad been sold in Illi ois, at the double price, (2.50,) bu t 284,080 aires. The practice of donating alternate sections of land, poarticulirly in the States, is not only unequal and unjust, and therefore unwise, but is generally injurioi' to the Treasury. The recipients of the doihated sections are thrown .. hi tin Gover-nent. of the reserved sections is increased, or it is not. I it is increased, the donees can undersell the c Government, and at t heavy profit. Jif it is not I increased, the argument is gone. A pressure t for funds will cau.., the donees to sell at any pricec. It is my faith that there is a material difference in the powers of Congress over such parts of Ie public domain as lie within States and in erritoriis. A Terri:ory continues to be the V0ointi0on propert . of all the States, so long as it remains a ''erritory; and aiv improvemeit wihin its liits, rediods to the omnon beiellt ' ot its comnon owiers. But when a part of the ptubliu domain lies within the boundaries of a .tate, it is ditlicuIt to conceiv of any I proementt of such Territory whicb will iiot resutlt to the beiietlt of that particular State, ti, it may be. to the exclusion of all beneit t-. the renmaining States. Such a ease mighit ocur. as if a State wais surrounded by Territo ris, wvhich has ntever vet ha ppened, but is virtu ly approaced by the geograhicalI position of Catiirnia. Ain~i, the TIerri tories have no powr tbut such'ias is given by Congress. They ae in a dlependenit conidition, and look to Con rss for revenue. priotection, and for law. TJhis is their oinly Legiklature, atnd we should legislate for tieir good, preciself as a State Legislature may for the good (of the State-both beinig suhjet to the provisions of their respective o inst i itt inns. Ent ertaiing t hese vie ws, I cannolit consistCentlyV east my vote for donating lands wich lie within the linits iof a State ; hut when the lands asked for lie wviihin Territories, organiised, oir not or-. .aiiied, I have ito constitutional scrtples; anudi ihe oniestioin then arises as to the expediencey of mtaking stich grants as are sought. 1:XPEDENCY. C IlThe isolated po.itionl of Caulifornia, lying, as it does, otn the western verge of the North Ameri en cointinient, tier seperation from ier sisterI siat es byv dreary deserts, rugged mount ains, and laige territories i nhabited by u ntamed I nianis, r ntoural resoIurcei, and the adlveniturous spiriit j of tier peopleh, leave but little dotubt in the inids I oh reflecting :iein that she must, be brought into more d irect and immiediat e commiiunui with the heart, of thle Confederacy, or tiimately dis solve her connectioni with it. This seperation wliid enitail the loss of every foot of American territory wvest of the Rocky Motuntains, togrether with alil lie property of the Govermnient fonud here at lie t imte. A railroaid conununicating < between the Atlanttie and Paelclie oceans would secure that entire region to tis forever, together wit h its tutold iminerat wecalthi, anid, winch is I more valuable still, otur pioneer brethren, who I are illutst rati ng to lie world American sel f-reli-r ance aiid A imericant enterprise. It would scatter broadcast in otir midst the treasures of Asia and Oceaiien, anil give us a commnercial power which would wake this Goverinenit the umpjire of every nation upon earth. Its comnmercialadvanta- < ges fire ineailculable,anid its pliticaIl ell'eets, strain te imtaginatiion. SaniFranicisco wouild become the cunimercial emuporiumi of the eastern world, and with lavish hanid piottr out, the wvealth of the remotest parts of the globe on every section of or counitry, upon which Hleavenm has benignrantlyI andi continually smiled. A conitinuotis'line of' railroads betweent the two grreat oceans would become the highway~t of the tnations of the earth.1 Our carrvinig trade ini the P'acitie, now amuounittingi o abhout thrtee hunudred thoutsaiid tons, and ema-I pliying upwards otf an hundred mtillionts of dol-1 lrts woul! be argumtented by the operatint of t is road inueasurably beyond the proportioinal inrese resutt tin!! from the tinmeral wealth of Caliorniia and -Australia combinted ; anid the whistle of a locomotioive heard on the shore of~ the Pacilie wouild do mtore towards opening theo pots ot Chinat anid Japan than batyonets and iidrons. These results are as nearly certain as imay be apjproachted by ordinmary hiumtan rea soniniig. .lut. there arc other conmsiderations andto .....,a .ma of n dtcmest in cha racer wh iet need no specnlation or theory to recommend the es tablishment of this road by meantis of the dona tion of lands in the Territory of New fexico, which I regard as including anch otier territory as has :dready been, or will be, secured under the Gadsden treaty. The more rapid transmission of the mails, for which service the Governimeit is now jinaying ainnually 81,ooo,oo, will bring our distant friends into close associatiori wit our Gover ':Iint and ourselves, and thus diffuse in those fair-offP regions a social and political sympathiy, imnd an expaindgAintelligeneo which ire I lie chief :gle hofgjtnal strength and national pros perity. The prompt Iran,iportation of* troolp5 and munitions of war will strengthen our tn tional defii.ses, and give conlideice :id seenrity to the western pioneer., whose cotwges will tank either side of the rod.mid coniute te its eflicient guirils, while t hey mny derie a present suiliport f'rom the emplioyitiis it. would of'er for their honest labor. Tie diminition ot the number otf GoverIment otlirials. the redne tion of the ntntitiber of troops necess:ry to proteel our reinote-iroperty and iossessiolO, the greater seenrity :ii'd rapidity iii conveying (overmtneiit stores and munitiois of war, together with the saving of lime and expeines i leit to tie ex. tension of civil and military orders tind thili greater celeiitv given to their execition, makes it a measure of uiquestionable economy. The ontemplated increase of the Army by the or gization iof three additionil regimenits, and which the wants (if the countrv will otherwise require, will thus be dispensed withII. 3ly friend from California, [Mr. McDougnll,] who seems to have examined this brinme h of the subject widi uinsuil car, estiim:tes lie cost to the Government of tmilitary traniportation to New Mexico and the l'acilie at $1 .73901-4, and the cost of keeping up its whole " iival coin nnitniention with the l'acific lY Cape lorn and the Cape olf,Good Mope, of ititing, dischargh:g md suppying everything regnired for that ser vice, and the loss of service to the Governntiit iuring these long voyages" at another million t dollars per anniiiui. Were we to become nvolved in war with Eiglanid, California Is the fnost exposed, the mo.t defciiseless, and the -ichest portion of onr coutmry, would be the first it tached. Such porious ot her standing army s are on service in India would be transfirred 0 our 1aciie shore while we were inlisling men o defend it. Site h:s 667 war vessels .carryintg 17,330 guns while we have but 69 vessels of ar. and 2,029 gins all told. Should she form in alliance with Fraice with a view to prevent lie acquisition of Cuba by the Utnited States, raice could bring to bear upon us 7,1-1 guns, viicb are carried by 328 vessels of' war. Could e in honor or in law staid aloof and see Cali 'ornia, the fairest aid youngest of the sister itates, pillaged and ruined without an ef'rt to esene her? And what would it cost to marcb, r to transport by sea, an adequate army for her clief'? "-i .dr. it is in the name of humanity, that to us a, and lig an y con ny en 4)' died The .a:ing it, and afction. And, sir, ..,,the ex hequer" of every dollar ini its vaults, I couldt ave prevented their sufferiigs.n tid preserved heir lives, my vote should never have prevented heir salvation. TERMS AND CONDItTtoS. Having satisfied myself thit Coiigress has the onstittitional power to make donations of lands I hiieli lie in the Territories, and that. in tO ease nder consideration, it is expedicti to maki : lient, the remaiiing consideratinis have refer- i nee to tlie lerms id conditions of tle reiin uislitent. The bill provides as flolhias: That for the purpose of aiding and seenri <I lie construction oh railroad and telegraph line rom tle 3issi.-sipi river, at a point not noith of , he thirly.seventhI pairallel of north hutitide. to: he city 'oh Sani Francii'co. ini tie State of CalIi- I .rnii,'there shall be, and hiereby Rislpproprited 1' id set apart a quanit iy (if laitii, equiali .to the j Ienate sectionus to the width otf lificeni miles on zich side oh' sneh road from the terminus there ont the 3lississ'ipi river, to the onie hunitdredil ie sixth degree otf longitude west f'rom Green ;ic; and i'rotn thenee wtesterlyv to I le eastein I nc otf the State oft Califoriiia, alternate sclionis< tthe width of twetnty-tive miles oni each side ofi f mehi road; antd from'i thienice thlrough the saidl tate of Californtia, to thle terminus ot' such road Iterate sections to the witth of' fifteeni mile~s each side thereof: such himd to he selec.ted rom the sections wytihih sitil ble desintetdzin hie publlic surveys of said land (whien mat~de) lit id tiumbers,:ntid to be held and and conv eyed: s herein proid~ed."1 N ow, sir, my pirintci pal ob jectionis to thle h ill re to lie totiid itt te paissig of' it which II aye read. thong thierie arie m iopints ini its etails to whicb imit assent could niever yield. 31lv himrst obljectioin thlen, is, thai~t ino reaisoniable o njeture'cani even aipproximate thme act tai lo ation ot' the road. I would niit as an iiiiividutil id cainnot nisa n agetnt, imaike noyt bi: rgains nose anid inidehinite. I have said I tiake it 'is ranted that the miiost direct practicable rnineI iond be piursiued ;but biy the termiis oft thie lill here is not hinig to prevenit this ri::al iiakiing i iviliziig spiraiwl friomi thle miotith oh thle Ublii ri-, er, via thle great Amiericant desert, downi toth amanehie settlemienti. antd fromi thience back toii hat poiint in the Rocky 31liiunitaiins whiere' the se iir member from 31lissouiri [31 r. Ifenitoin|imsists hat " Colontel Fremnont's mule died, but not, his~ ten, and not of' cold." Again, it is very wvell uinderstondi that the city if Sani F'ranceisco anid the pi~int where the Ohio m ipties into the 3lississipi river are to be the erminii of' the road, should it ever lbe built uder his bill. Nowi, sir, it so happens that a line runt omn San Francisco to the month of' the Ohio iver ini the vecry longest, air-line which can be n trom t he city (It Sant F"rancisco to the 31hs issippi river, anty where f'roim St. 'aulI, in the L'rritory oh' liniesota, to Blatuon Rouge, in the State of Luuisiaina. WVhat wtill jttstify nme as ie of the trustees of the pub!ie initerest in rrantig~ alterntate sections ot' haind upon this iery long hino estimated to be at least two hosatd miles ini length, wthien by givinig to t he .oad a dilferenit localtion I -cant reidneie its lenlgith. md hasten the compthletion oh' the work, secure :t 'oute whiih is comtpairal ivehy uiiobst ructed-ih ogeter so by ice and sinowt, anid at ani inliiitely ess cost of G.overnmieiit haumls thmn tire to lie ransferred and reiliiishied by this bilhl. I hold tat, in so great ant enterprise as a connteet ont etween the Atlantie anid Pacilie oceants, it is .rie patriot ismi to disregard aill seet ionalh interests, id suppress aill sectionaiil heeling. Stet iiinal eni ousies are the bane ot' mit tiotial, as indiviidual etlosies are oh' alI local advnincemt. Frmomn ie operations of' a road to1 the I'necilie, goodI nough will accrne to every State ini the Uiimn . propitiate the favtor oh' each; atnd it is umnanutly ad iiiberal to wrangle' over the relative value af tho diff'erenit shitres. it sio greatt tin underta kiing, our choice oif a rioutIe slituti hle idetermtinued byno iither'i 'onisideratiions thiait its hL:sibiiiht ad ...t t,.g.ther with our authorift' to aid 'iu its cemplettim in a way. and by the means proposed. I have remarked that in my judgment, thqfe was a material difirence in the powers of Congrcem over such parts of the public domain as lie witlihi States and in Territories; and it strikes me that the power to donate alternate sections of the ibflie lands which lie in the Ter ritory of' New Alexico may be derived from the teiti section, first article of the Constitution, which authorises Congress "to provide for the (110nunn defence and general welfare of the United States." I have shown that the rapid commuieinition over this road, with the most distant portion of "ur-conntry. wonld add more to the --common defence" than fort-, magazines and ar-eiials, and:i at a cost inluinitely less than wolhl be incnirred by [he establishment of local ftl'enceA, witi all thiiir applianctes of men, muni lions (it war, and4 military stores, on such a footiig as wii! primise reasonable security to persons and proeriy. The itdority may also be derived from the power of (o'1gress 1'to regilate commerce with forn nations and anong the several States," un111 d ver which power Congress has established lihthonses, heacons buoys, harbors of protection and pu blic piers; and with reverential respect for Ihe great author of' the argument, in the celebra ted - report of the memorial of the Memphis convemion. I submit that the arnrument more in't ly applies to the donation of lands in the Territoiries towrd., the construction of this road, than it did to the improvement, by authority of Congress, of the navigation of the Mississippi river. The distance from. the Atlantic to the. wes tern boundary of Texas is estimated to be about sixteen hundred miles. In this direction r3ilroads are in successful operation as far as 0oittroiimery, in the State of Alabama. Two companies have been cbartered to continue this ine through Selna. to the eastern boundary of Mississippi, both roads having been surveyed, aid one is progressing under contract. From this point the Suthern railroad is chartered, a part of it built, and the residue under contract, the State of Mississippi having guarantied a bo nus of four hundred thousand dollars towards its construction. A road has been many years in operation froum Jackson to Vicksburg, which, including a section east of Jackson to Brandon, ii sixty miles long. From Vicksburg to the Texas line, the Vicksburg, Shreveport and Texas -oad is chartered, and stock t.aken to the amount of $800,000 by the State of Louisiana. Other stock, to the amount of $9060,000 has been taken y individuals, parishes, and the city of Shreve urt, giving a present reliable capital of $1,760, 00 to that road. It is thus perceived that the amtern boundary of Texas is reached by a -m paratively straight line of railroads, comple ed, or in progress of completion, by individual mnd 6tate enterprise, and all lying between the thirty.second and thirty-third parallels of north latitude. The Legislature of Texas, as if anticipating a :onnection between the two oceans by railroads, nd also their locations, have passed a law grant ng twenty sections of land per mile for the con truction of a road through that State from a oint on her eastern to her western boundary, in ie direction of El Paso. The length of the ail through Texas is estimated to be seven indred aind fifty miles-the lands granted up vardis of ten millions of acres, which will be orth, at a reasonable valuation, when the road A finished, five dollars per acre-giving the andsome smii of fifiv inilions of dollars. Now 1 we estimate tihe eitire.cost of this road at forty boisand dollars per mile. (which is a high esti Inte.) but thirty millions of dollars of its re- 9 ources- will have been exhausted in its construe jun. 'Jhis will leave twenty millions of dollars o cover aceidents; and shoull ione occur, may I e appliied in aid of the extension of the road to lie Pa'ii ocean, a distance of six hundred and ifiv miles from the we.tern verge of Texas. I low meh of t lie remainler of the line lies in lie 8!:ate of California, (to which section I am nwiliing that tie Federal Government shall t ake noy coulribution towards the construction If a road,) or how mnuch (if it lies within the 'erritory of New Mexico, (to which I am un- t -illing that the Government shall make liberal t .d even munificent donations,) I have been u. ie aiccuratelv to ascertaiin, but amu inclined to lsink fiat oine hiundred and fifty' miles wvilf each across the southern extremity of Cali riia. < Liberal donations of lands in New Mexico 1 nfll be gre~edily aepejted by soflne one of the< miipaiies befo're mentliioined-iiost probably by j ie \'iekshurg and El P'asso comnpany, or by a 'mbi ntion of' comp tanies-and thus a rail roamd immiinication be sieured f'ron tihe Atlaniie to I e eastern b~ouiidarv of Califorttia, sotmewhiere t ear the ciouiluence of the Colorado and Gila t ivers. WVhen a roamd is there, the necessities of r unuineree anid self-iinterest will perfect the con- . et ion between the twvo greamt oceans. The ork is thus accomnplis~hed by private enterprise, id all e x perieince teaches us that aiiy work loi perforimied is always better. and sooner ne,'than it' uinderia ken by the Government, hih, is u niforiiit pluondered whieiiever it lie imnes ai coot raictoir. All Go iverinmeiit hat ronauget .i iits corru ptions are thums avoidfed, aindl securi y given ag:.inist piri lligat e itrava ganice. 4 Amiog ih fi the ir reasonms for donating lands ni tie Territory of New Mlexico towards coii rnting a railroad betwieen t he thirty-seconid ud thirty-third paraliels of I.: ituode, I find those h iech are cigeiit, in the fact that it willI be ad hg a neessaryl link to wihat is destined to be ome a continnimis line ; fhat it is probable suchi nit ion is will give imupiilse and eiiergy to the idividuoaf and State enterprises upon this fine, hich the watnts of' the contry urge to a speedy ustablilshmnent, aind in the comf'orting possibility f its relieviing the Congress from the numerous pplifcatiions for the donation of lands which lie ihiu the limits of' different States. Another consideramtion in the locamtion of his3 na, ind urie of great moment. is, that we avoid ie 3lormions--a sect towards which the rehigi ns sentiment of the country will iicver lie concifled, aiid whfich is destined to be the 'ruitul srere of loca! and political annoyance in trouble. The f'urthecr we are seperated, the ecttetr f'or us and for tfiem. Iam thoronghly convinced that no line of Raifroad conmmunicattion between the Atlantic d the Pacific Oceans will be established, in or time other than the route I have indten ed. It is the shortest route, the freest of natu at obstructions. the most convemient to carry mt nationaf policy, and to aid in executing our trety st ipulaitinis unmderi thme treaty of Guoada Ipilid talgo, and wiill distribuite its coinmiercial benefits most eqfually amiong the States of' the muion. It establishes a convenient and rapid ~ommnintion between each of the origiinal Sttes and thme extremnest limits of' our natioral loain, andm brinigs the weailth of Asia an d the Peific Islands, from Jesso to Anstralia, to their terv doors. Th'fis commerce will be distributed hrough the Northern portion of Alabamia, East ern Tennessee, Northi Carolina, and Virginia, iy the Alabama and Tennessee River Raiiroad which diverges f'rom this fine at Selma. The 1obile and Ohio Railroad intercepts it, by rossing the line neaur thme Eastern border of Mississippi, and which connects the Gulf of Mex c, with thme northern lamkes. The Newv Orleans md Northern Railroad, whiebc connects the cities oif New Orleans and Cincinmnati, wiill cross tImeU l e- kson. mnd unr the treasures of the Eastern world upon our Western nnd cx treme Southern States; while the Mississippi river, as if in gratitude to its tributary waters will give to the tide of commerce a reflux flow, and in exchange for the substnntial products of its valley, returns all the conveniences, delicacies and elegant luxuries which the refinest civiliza tion could demand or desire. I know, sir, thiat I shall 'be suspected of giv ing preference to this route because of sectional feeling. If so, I am uncofiscious of it, and the faets which I have presented will acquit me. The time has been when I was sectional, and- it has passed, I came here sectional; but the noble trio of New England [Messrs. Macdonald, Ilibbard, and Ingersoll] have taught me to tear the word from my political vocabulary, and insert in its place another which is more elevated and patriotic, the word constitutional. The people of my State were told, on a memo rable occasion, by very high authority there, that if one of them should be asked if he was an American the answer should he " No, sir, ram a South Carolinian." This sentiment has had its day and its votaries, of whom no one was more earnesly zealous than myself. But, sir a recent act of this Congress, which vindicates the great principles of non-intervention, popular sover eignty, and the rights of the States, has verified the dietum of Mr. JefTerson, that error of opinion may be tolerated when reason is left free to combat it, and will henceforth cause my heart to swell with loyalty and pride to be called an American. No, sir; my devotion to my own State, to which my allegiance is first due,recuires not to be propped by the cultivation of sectional sentiments; and if it can be shown, to the satisfiction of my judgment, that a shorter and better route through the Territories, and one which can be built upon at less cost to the Government, can be traced from California to the western extremity of Lake Superior, or to the city of St. Paul, I pledge myself to give it my countenance and support. Towards the perfection of this great enter prise I would give liberally of lands which lie in the Territories; and to avoid the inconveni enees of a large land monopoly, I would require they will not after it is put on, and that one 2 certain number of sections to be sold, at such -onvenient .intervals of time, as would at once ,onformu to the interest of the road, and avoid mbarrassments to the Government. I would itipulate a reasonable time in which the work should be finished, and extend the time in which the contractors should enjoy the emoluments of the road, to a period which would indemnify tiem handsomely, and beyond casualty; and then I would cause the road and the furniture to 5e sold to the highest bider, and put the money nto the Federal Treasury. KossUTH ON TIE STATE OF EUrorE.-Kos muth made a speech at Sheflield, England, re .ently, on the occasion of a manifestation in avor of the nationality of l'oland. Alluding to .he universal opinion entertained in England hat Russia had grown dangerous to the freedom >f Europe, and that she must be checked in her -neroachments upon the independence of nations ie threw out a warning, that utnless diplomatists mnd politicians were called upon to define what hey meant by "the freedom of Europe," and tate in what manner they intended to check the tower of Russia, it would in the end be discov. red that English blood had been shed, and nillions of England's money spent, in producing result, quite the contrary of what was expec ed. Ile contended that either there was no incerity in the profession, or no political mean ng in the design, that Turkey is to be maintain as necessary to the peace of Europe, and tussia to be checked, without Poland being at he same time reconstructed an independent na ion, and Hungary made independent and free. rhese aims, he said, would be entirely subverted Py England takingAustria for her ally, and that lasting peace cou:d not be secured without 'oland, Hungary and Italy being restored to heir national rights. FATAL ACCIDENT.-Mr. John Fry, of Lexing on District, who was on a visit to this city for he purpose of selling some produce, was Killed 'esterday afternoon near the gas works, undcr le following painiful circumstances: The de eased was on his return home driving his u'agon. The horses became frightened and ran own Gervais street at a brisk gamit. Mr. Fry teing as we learn slightly intoxicated fell from mec of the horses and was run over by the wag in. ie was soon after taken to the Guard louse in a state of stnptor, and survived buta bort time. D). B3. 3Miller, Esq., the Coroner, ost mfortem examination re'vealed the fact that he deceased came to his death by a fracture of he skull caused in the manner~ :bove related, ndl such was the fmnding of the Jury of Inquest. -Carolina Times. A RAscA-Slor Ilt~ar.-A man by the name ifKarzewsky, a Pole or German b bith, in he emuploymnent of MIr. Blofenschen, clock and vatch inauker, of this pla:ce, absconded on Satur lay morning hast, takinig with himt a case con aining a quantity of jewelry, watches. &c. ie arried off' about 28 watches; some six or eight vere gold and the balance silv'er. In several it' the watches the initiauls C. B3. are engraved n the back-being watches left with Mr. Blofen ebien to be rep~aired. Karzcewsky is about 2S or 30 years of age, andy hair, and atbout five feet six or seven in lhes high. IIe had on when lie left a dark coat, >lack satin vest, drab hat, and dark panuts. WVe are authorized to say a suiitable reward vill be pauid for his apprehension and the recov ry of the goods.-Camden Journal. A T the city of Payta, in,Pern, the remains of tringers arc denied Christian bnrial, unless they are been Rtoman Catholies. The attention of In. 'I'. D. Elliot having been called to this fact, ec promptly addressed a note to the Secretary of staute, laying the case before hitn. The Secreta y' has since transnmitted a stautemnent of the cir 'umstances to Mir. J. R. Clay, our Minister at ~ern, with instructions to endeavor to obtain romt thme government of that Republic the neces ary authority to enclose for the purpose of epulture a piece of latnd near the city of Payta. A NEw CtRE.-A young lady of PhiladelphIa vas eured of palpitation of' the hearb the other uvening by a young M. D. in the 'simplest and nost natura'l way inmaginable. ie merely held ne- of' her hands in his, putt his arm around her. vaist, and wh'lispered somethming in her left car! ELie called it phy)sicatl pl'e.vanismn. FE3MALE PoST~f AsTEs.-The number of fe males at presenit holding the otlice at' postmaster (or rather mistress) in the United States is IS0. FIhey are appointed, give bonds, are commissiotn ad, amid receive the sanme comipensatiotn for their services as other post masters. Unmarried females ontly can hold the ofiie of postmaster. TUnsisc~ GRAY rno~t FEAR AND RE~roRSE. The Louisville Journal states, dipon the authori ty of a gentleman who arrived there from Llexington, that the hair of Weigert, found guilty of miurder in the first degree, which was formerly black, has turnted white since his conviction. UnoOstsT will hold a mass convention of' all opposed to slavery extension, at Montpelicr, on thn a th of July.