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"We will clin. to the Pillars of the Temple S , M 5, t . W- F. DUIMISOEl Proprietor. E EF LD S C,25, 1854. THE EDGEFIELD ADVERTISER IS PUBLISHED EVERY THURSDAY BY W. F. DURISOE, Proprietor. ARTHUR SIMxINS, Editor. T E R M S. Two DOLLARS per year, if paid in anlvanec-Tw DoLLtRts and FTrrY CENrs if not paitl! within six months-and Tiiti:E DoL.LARS if 11nt pati hefore thie* expiration of the year. All subscriptions not distinct ly limited at the time of subscribing, wiJ be conisid ed as suade for an indefiite period, and will be con tinued until all arrearages are paid. or at the option of the Publishier. Supseriptions from oilier States omust invariably be accompanied with tile cash or ference to soni one known to us. AtvE-risEtENvs Will lie counspieninsly inserted at 75 cents per Square (12 ines or iess) for the first insertion, and 371 cents for each suhseiient insertion When only published 3Mlontily or Quarterly -1. per minare will be char-eil. All Advertisetents t-t having tile tlesired nunher of insertionis nallrked on the margin. will be contitined until forbid and charged accordinev. 'I'hiose desiring to advertise by the year enn (]ii soon iberal terins-it beint, distincily idersieod that con racti for yearly advertising are coinilied to the iniine diate, legitimate bn.-itness of the firim or iidividial contracting. Transient Advertisements iusi he paid for in advance. For announcing a Candidate, Three Dollars, in advance. For Adlvertising Estrays Tiollil,Iwo Dollars, to he paid by the Magistrate advertising. $cdut Ed'tr. THE CONSPIRATOR; A TALE OF BY-GONE YEAtIS. Ti deep totes of the iron sentinel of the grand Cathedral ofSt. .lark's sounded leavi lv ott the mitinight air, as a number of figures, clad in the guise ot motiks, noiselessly wend ed their way towards the westernt gate of the city. A firtn resolve was written ott their frowning features, and a wild, ialig natit fire shoine fron their fiashitg eyes. They had nearly reached the gate of the city, when they paused before an old dilapi dated building, and made a l' w sigrnal. It was soon answered from within, and, alter the drawitg back of bolts, the door slowly opened, while the party of monks entered and then the door closed behind them with a dull sound. They followed their guite into a long hall, and throwing back their cowls, seated them selves around a large oakei talde, while one, who appeared to be the leader, drew a roll of parchinent from under his gown and laid iL on tie table. '. -Viv is Otto not here?" he asked, inl a harsh tone;"hitietmmg at a taI persot w sat opposite to him. " I know tot. Faust," returned the other; vet I li-ar his abst-nce hides ito goild to our cause, " he added in, a deep, mea niig tine. " What iean Vou, Bolren f Thiik you he dare say aught of our lt'ngic t' - I thtinik lie has a secret, titl if it wrTe revealed, would cause us to treml- e for our safety." " Yet he dare not betray us, PBohrn, for be too well remembers the oath." Think you, Rudolf Otte lars man? It were Well that h1e should, lohren " Perchatnce it were ; Vet I to,' well kn"i Otto's fearless spirits, mid Artaud of Au is I his enety ; for it was but a year since he inurdered his aged sire, atd Rudolf swore to be revenged." A signaIl from without iterupted the conversatiot, tand in a fe-w miiutes a youn man~t, whose tine fe-atures ha~d bien darkenied by the sun of sejtt twenzty stimniters, enter odi the hatll anid seated himtself at the tabl e. "You are late, Otto," spoke the leader mnonk, tturtting towards the colmer. -True, Faust; vet I an itt time for besi ness," returtned the veouth, anid his hipis qttiv cred with sonme stronig emttioun. "Right ! Otto, you are," reji inted lichretn and tnow, Faust, let tus hear of the plan of attack." "Silenc~e, thent," retirtied lthe Ileadter monk, while he glanced suspiciously at thte youth and his frietid liohren. " We are to t'eet here to-mn-rrowv eve ; and, whlenm mmidntighit steals over the city, Artiatid is tn jitn us, with one thiousatnd Autstrin ttroops, andic e dawn Wsesetn ceases to be ini the piower oif Gfaris." These words were receivedl with cheers by all, exrept by Otto and his fiienids. A d'eep) meanting stmile rested ont the~ ine fent tures of the younth, antd he gazed piyinigly on Faust's stern visage. After againi tatkit the oath to remtaini true, they separated, each to returtn to his hiotte. Otto antd his frietit took ae diiieretit course fromt the rest, atnd were soon statniditig by shte hake at the foot of the city. " Now I would hear of yotir sucecess, frienid," said the youth, stiiling fonidly ott Bolhren. "I have colleeted five hiutndred of' the peasatts who are ready to ettter the city at ant hour's wvarninig;" returtied the miotnk, while a sttile of satisfatction passed over his .dark visage. "It is well, then, faithful Bidbren. We. shall soon lie savedl, adh A rnaud of' Ati dies ; yet did Faust spieak of tiy absenice ,last eve ? "lHe did, Rudolf; atnd I also spoke ofa secret you possessedh. "And what did lie say int reply' ?" *" That you dare ntot betray thetm," -" Tey iteetd not featr, liohiren ; the onth Js s-'red-antd I would rot have them dui by my means." -" Yet at what hour will yotu meet us ! " An hour before vespers." "Adieu, then, Otto, I will be at the wes tern gate." "It is well, IBobren, farewell ! I wil meet you there," retutnted the youth ; atd drawitng his cowl over his lace, lie agali etitered the city. It was near thte stinset htour, atnd the go of day was s[owly disappearing itt th gorgeously piledl up clouds that overhiuni the p~roud city of Wessemn, while the nig1 queen htuitg like a silver crescent in the tdeef er azure of the heavens, as it; by the sol effulgence of liet silvery rays, to add mor beauty to the scee In a deep recess of his chateas, was thi aged Baron, Walter Compte, reclining or a couch, with his form half hidden by the heavy folds of the costly drapery. A iron bled expression rested on his noble features and thu shade of sadness that played orei his brow waxed darker. Rising from the couch, he arranged his slightly disorderet dress, and turning to a window he gazec vacaitlv out into the street. " Ah, father, the-n are all my young hopei thus to be crushed !" These words were spoken by a young girl of scarce fifteen suminers, and her dark lustious orbs were bent imploringly on thc stern face of her father. 0 " Why those tears, Ada !" asked the Baron ; while a smile, for a moment, pass ed over his face. " Know you not, father, that I love anoth. er ?" replied the fair girl, throwing her long tresses back from her pale brow. Who, pray child t" One who is worthy of our regard." And who may that be, Ada 1" Rudolf Otto, our preserver." The peasant youth !" The samne, fiather." "Then would you disgrace our noble race, child, by wedding Rudolf Otto ! " Yet, father, do we not owe Rudolf much 1" For what child !" "Diu he not rescue us from the banditti on tie mountains !" "' True, he did, Ada; and I would not for get the generous act, for ho saved our lives at the peril of his own ; yet Ada, I would have you give your hand to Arnaud of Au." - Father, wouid you have me to give my hand to one I can not love ?" " Never! father. I would sonner enter a convent, and live the secluded life of a nun, than wed one I could not love." Yet Arnaud is brave and noble." "Did lie not slay Rndolf's father." That was in time of war child." Yet it was a cruel deed." "Think not so hard of Arniaud, Ada, but judge him less harshly." " I will try for your sake, father," return. ed the fair girl ; and, imprinting a kiss on he brow of the Baron, she glided from the room. Twilight gave way to darker night, as the fsmiliar form of Rudolf Otto might have been seen wending his way tow ards the western gate of the city. He was differently ressed than on the preceding night, he was lad in the humble guise of a peasarut, while 4oon to niete out justice to th8 nrdereFS1 is aged sire. A firim resolve wais stamped n his ine features, and a wild fire shot from is vere. lie was soon at the gate of the city, amid had not long to wait ere his faith. ul frieid, Bolren, was at his side. - I have waited for you with reluctance, Uhto." " Whv, Bohren F" asked the youth, smiling fon:dlV on his friend. - The Austrians have already entered the city." 'Then have they been apprised of our schemue t" - They have, Rudolf; and, ero an hour, they will make the attack," said Boliren, in an excited tone. " Yet, thanks to the Holy Virgin, they know not the conispirator's secret, Bohren." And that secret-" Is this, B~ohren; heneath the house, where they are to meet, are depnsited fifty kegs of powdmer, and at a moment's warning, thevy can he launebed into eternity.'' " Thena let us hasten ere they make the attack." "lThey will not sally forth at this early hour Ilohlren." " Yet I was informed so by the spy." " Think you he can he trusted, Biohren !" "I c.,uldinot doubt his word, Otto, fur he is a noble fellow." " Thien it were better to be expeditious, Bohren. Are the meni ready' !" " They but await your orders, Otto." "Thieni let the report of my carbine be the signial for the attack." "A ire the citizens apprised of our scheme !' "They are, IBohren, and are ready to aid us." " 'Thien all will be well, Otto." "True, Bohiren. Wesen shall yet bie say eil. You can guide the men as near the city as possible without being seen by any~ of the conspirators, while I hasteni on aid aplhy the match." Not so, Rtudolf; you can guide th< troops, I light the train ; and if I fall, y' will be miore completent to head the charge.' "Ah ! mno, faithful Buhren ; it shall nevel be saiid of Rtudolf Otto that lie endangeret the life of his truest friend to shield his own. "Yet thiink of the fair Ada, Riudolf; hiou she would mourn you loss, if you shioub fall." "Fear not, kind Bohren ; hoaven will pro teet mie." "Mi ! Rudolf, I would not have one s< iioblle (lie by the hands of the hated Aus trians; vet I could not deny you, Otto, sobbed~ the aged moan, while tears course over his weather-roughed features. -" Dry your tears, kind Bohiren, for the, unan me, arid we have a duty to perfortn, returned Otto, in a conciliatory tone. T lhe faithful Bohren, wvith a deep drawr sihi, tu rned from the lace to join his met wihile Otto hasteuned to lire thu train. 'T'he night crept on apace, as still WValtc Comtme remiaiined in the deep recess, lost in pleasiung reverie, when the stunning report 4 the explosion lgroke upon his ears, followe by the clash of steel and the cry of " t arms!" " Ieavens, there is a revolt !" gasped ti Baron, drawiing his sword, and hiastenin from the room. " Ada, miy .hild, may tl j loly Virgin protect you !" be cried, as ti fair girl hasteiied to his side. Ere the young girl had time to spea tArinud rushed iinto the hall with a party his men, having hlt thme others at the conl cil house ; and erc the Baron could defer himmself, lie wvas struck to the floor by one if "\h spare my aged father!" sobbed Ada i throwing her arms around her father's neck G " Res)ect age, Roaz; and, as to the Ba. ron, his time on earth is short, for that blc.n was dealt by a strong arm!" rejoined Ar. naud, while a fiendish smile rested on hii dark visage. "Take the girl, my men, and we will return," he added, pointing towardt Ada. " Oh ! let me remain with my aged fa. ther!" cried tie fair girl, struggling to free herself from the rough grasp of the soldiers. " Cease your cries, pretty one, for Itudoll Otto is now no iore !" " Murderer! receive your reward!" soun ded on the rullian's ears like a kneel ; and the next instant the heavy sword descended, cleaving his skull. For a moment the heavy body swayed to and fro, and fell heavily on the marble floor; the soul of Arnaud of An had fled to God, who gave it, and Rudolf Otto, had perform. ed his vow. All the Austrians, except those who per. ished in the council house, were taken pri soners, and Weson was saved. Not long after, the fair Ada was united to Rudolf Otto, with the free consent of the Baron, who soon recovered from his wounds, and lived happily with the peasant boy, now Count Otto. Faust, and the other conspirators, were killed by the explosion, while the faitliful Bohren was knighted flor his ardent zeal in saving Wesen.-Waverly Magazino. Tns "GIFTs OF Gon."-%Ve cut the fol lowing paragraph from an able and interest ing article in the Albany Daily State Reg ister, on a passage in the minority report of Mr. Crosby to the Senate of New York : " But are these intoxicaling drinks " the Gifts of God ?" We deny it. We affirm that in all the world-nay, in all the uni verse of God, there is not a lake, a river, streamlet, or a fountain, of intoxicating drinks. There is no such a thing in nature. Water, God has everywhere given, spread it all over the world, sent it down from the clouds, sent it bubbling up from the earth, made it journey in ceaseless activity in rills, and streams, and great rivers, towards the ocean. lie has, wherever mai can live, given it to him at his very door, but intoxica ting drinks lie has provided no where on the face of the whole earth. That " gift," wea. ther " good" or evil, is not the gift of God, but the inventioni that has desroyed more lives, dissolved more homes, occasioned more sorrow and aniguish, than war, - pestilence and famine combined. policy to deprive men' of Ie use 61 itly legislativo enactment, but to call intoxica ting drinks the " Good gift of God" is an abuse of terms, and a burning reproach against thu benuvolence and holy attributes of the Diety." A VELLER in England, observing a peasant at work, and seeing he Was taking it remarkably easy, said " My friend, you do not appear to sweat any." Why, no master, six shillings a week ain't sweating wages." A WA, was one day speaking of two of his acquaintances who had gone west, where new coiers were usually attacked the first season, with the agne, and said lie. " Neither of these two men will be afilic. ted." " Why not ?" ilnired( a bystander. " Because," was the reply", " one of them is too lazy to shake, and the other won't shake unless lhe gets pay for it." The best arts of human qualities are the tenderness and delicacy of feelinig in little matters, the desire to sooth and~ pleaLse others, the minute of the social virtnes. Some ridi cule these feminine attributos, which are left out of mnany' men's nature; but I have known the brave, the intellectual, the elo quent, possess these gentle qualities; the braggart, the weak, never! Benevolence and feeling ennoble the most trifling actions WoiRhD's FI R IN l'~nis-The Paris correspondent of the New York T1imies savs: "A deputation of commercial men and manufacturers waited on the Emperor, recen ly, to ask whleher the great Exhibition, appj~jointed for 18534, would take lace, niot. withstanding the war, Louis Napoleoni repli ed most decidedly in the allirimativ-e. lHe also promised to have thme Exhibiitioni Palace made half as large again as was originally intenided, and iiitimiated that the war could iiot, in any case, be of great duration." Tus Vovriix-rme Cousn.-TLhe St. Louis Morning H erald oh the 6th inst. say; that Hion. John J. Crittenden, on visiting the National Miedical Convention in session in that city, on the 5th inst., was actually hissed out of it by that distinguished body of men. This is one of the most withering rebukes Mr. C. has received since the tria of Ward-and one that lie wvill remembel to his dying dlay. Tu''is " Do-No-rmN(;ss."-A society enille the " Do-Nothings" has been formed ini Net' IBedford. There are several hund:ed in tha "city who approve its priniciples, but are to' lazy to join. "A so-rnER~ Sat mwHmE(K.-Th~e steame 'Washington reacehed quaranitinie at Nov York oni Saturday night. Sue bring's 2:' passengers and a full cargo. aThe Washington also brings the passer gers and crew, about five hundred soulh dtaken from the ship Winchester, bound froi *Liverpool to Boston. She wvas wrecked i the frightful gale of the 16th of A pril ani 1 had been ini a crippled condition, kept fror g sinking by constant lahbor at the putmip 0 T1hie Washington fell in with her on the 2 instant, and notwithstandinig the prev doem of a heavy gale, succeeded in rescuing a c, the passengers and crew. >f The Winchester went down in thirt i- minutes alter thec last of the crew left he iShe belonged to iUoston, and had a vahu: f bl e cargo. She sailed from Liverpool o the 9th no' Apnril Recollections of the late Ron. John 0. alho , Mr. Powers, in a letterrritton to a friend in the United States froir Florence, is said to have made the folloing statement re garding the bust of Mr. (I houn: " I have no bust in mj studio which at traets so much attention 4s Calhoun's if I except the ideal ones. Mny have said that it would pass for a bustiof Brtus. One said, " I should not like to be judged by that man, unless my caus was good." An. other said, " fie is a ver stern man ; but good and amiable, notwilstanding." Nei ther of these knew whosebust it was." Of all the public men :otenorary with Mr. Calhoun, it so chanesetthat I knew him best. My first acquaintanp with him dates back as far as 1832. Ittts at Columbia, in South Carolina, wherdl was on a brief visit during the session, of he State Legisla. ture. le was then on hisway to Washing ton, from Fort Hill, his reldence in Pendle ton District. At that time nullificatioi ran very high. It was deemed by Mr. Calhoun and his friends to be a constitutikual States-trglt remedy, to he applied in ho last resort, to check the unconstitutionallegislation of an irresponsible majority in Congress. We found Mr. Calhoun: at the interview referred to, plainly and sirply dressed, and quite unpretending in his manners. He was frank and accessible in his intercourse ; yet earnest and animated in conversation. He then wore a blue dress coat,-with gilt buttons, and dark colored pants and vest, which had been so well worn on his frame, as to give them externally a rather "seedy" look. The next time we saw Mr. Calhoun was at Washington, in 1836. He was then in the Senate, and as industrious and as active as ever. He then stood very high as a forcible and argumentative debater. I heard him on several occasions, and was impressed with the earnestness of his manner, closo logical deductions, and the terse brevity with which his iduas were expressed. There was no attempt at rhetorical ornament, nor was there a waste of words. There was noth ing sacrificed to the applause to be gained by the use of rounded periods or of empty sounds, conveyed in beautifully selected words, destitute of ideas. Every sentence e uttered abounded in thought, or in ideas strictly applicable to the subject in debate. and was expressed in just the number of ornur wnesis to c eis meaning to the was peculiuar arid forcnhspect his oratory were better when delivered n when written. We did not meet Mr. Calhoun again un til the called session of 1841, in Tyler's Ad. ininistration. We found him in opposition to Mr. Clay on the question of a national Bank, and occupying., as usual, strong ground on the democratic side of politics. We were at this time frequently in his company, and had frequent conversations with him. We had then just returned from a visit to Europe. lie asked many ques tions about England. ie said that the in crease of pauperism and the necessity for its relief, was proof to him that the people were over taxed, and that those who had despoiled them were compelled to return a portion of the money, Lo mantain them, or to save them from starvtion. . It cannot be denied that Mr. Calhoun was ambitious, and at times, Do doubt, indulged reaoniable hopes of one day reaching the Presidency ; but his oper rupture with Gen. Jackson, planned and funenrted by another less scrupulous aspirant, together with the odiuma which selfish poltical partisans at. tempted to fix upon the dbctriune of nullifica tion, had tihe effect (so nuch tbe worse for the country) of disappoiting bis views in that direction. Notwithstanding his ~rilliant services in the cabinet of Mr. Tyle, to which he had been reluctantly on Iris >art called, and Iris great agency rn securin, the annexation of Texas, instead of receirrg the nomination of the Democratic para in 1844, he was overlookted, and Jamres A Polk, greatly his inferior in every respec. was taken up) and elected, arid nmainly Ontre strength of Mr. Cloun's annexation nnsures. Mr. Polk, at Ihis iniauration, found Mr. Calhoun in ottice, andworked down to a bed of sickness. A fter. good deal of insiri cerity displayed on theart of Mr. Polk to wards Mr. Calhoun ai Ihis friends, whom ie led to believe at oratime that Mr. Cal houni would be retanine in Olhice, to com plete thre great work oarnnexationi, as well as important reformns e had commeinced and partially accomphied in Iris depart ment, and which woubcqmire some months of additional labor to fsh up, (after which he himself proposed t-etire,) Ihe was dis missed, arid Mr. Buchan installed in his place. It was at this periodve called to seo Mr. Calhoun. Hie had fai'ully, honorably and usefully devoted thiirtjr forty years of Iris life to tire service of I country. Ho was Inow redueed by illnefrom over exertion, aid had just been disirged by Mr. Polk, aid apparently desert by the country at large. It is at such tincture that we carn best judge of a manr'sie greatness of soul. On entering his ro we found him sit ti apira arim ch: arid cheerful, but wsted arid thin. Ha~lulged in no repin rings, ini rio cernsnre of r. Polk's course, no coplairts of thre peop ingratitude. Our conversation ohat occasion I shalh never forget, anid shiabroceed to give it in some detail. I his fatce was turner thre direction of a anorthern window, threar subdued light of ;.which illuminated hisatures. His eyes, Jnaturally of a large ec blue, beamed with egreat I~rillianey and fligence. I sat ra ther at one side and'ront oif hinm, which gave nie a sort of fullle view of hris fea 'trus. After some ie conversation he kalluded to thne Texas stioni. -lie said that manyietulties had preseni iitel themselves. Thenglish had ev'idenft I.,y intriged,- with thaxan authorities to prevent annexation. They had also tamper. ed with Mexico, and he had received evi dences through a party in Mexico, that they had proposed negotiations for the purchase of California, all of which designs " I labor ed to defeat !" He bad been called from private retire. ment to fill the office of Secretary of State, and it was only after repeated solicitations, combined with a sense of duty to the coun try, that he had consented to accept the oflice. Ho however expressed a want of confidence in professional politicians, and considered that their corruption and time. serving intrigues for oflice and spoils, would continually tend to mislead the people. " The time is past," said he, " when men shall be elevated by the people for their long services or talents. The scramble for plunder is becoming worse every year. The jealousies of ollice-seeking conmatants will induce them to compromise on either second rate civilians, or incompetent military men. The time, I fear, is past, when the country is to be ruled by truly great, experienced, and patriotic men. " We have two extremes to apprehend under our form of government, centralization on the one hand, aid anarchy onl the other; both leading by different roads to the same gaol, monarchy, or to the one man power. The impossibility of filling important offices, except with second rate men, of easy prini ples, is an evidence of the press in favor of anarchy ; while the continual encroachments made upon State rights by the will of a Congressional majority, indicates a corres ponding progress in favor of centralization an antagonistic principle to all permnanent liberty. We thus find that both priciples are active, even at this early stage of our Itepublic. Neither can be successfully reached and maintained for any great length of time, without ending in monarcby, or in a central government. "I think it likely that the days have gone by when men of great statesmanship an patriotism are to fill the executive ollice The election of Mr. Polk commences a new era for the country, the results of which I cannot look forward to with satisfaction The fear is, that the people will become passive to the Intrigues of political conven tions, composed chiefly of men intent ornly upon personal aggradizement, or the acquisi tion of spoils, at the expense of the peopk or their government. A system of politica juggling, having its orgin in New York, ha become wide spread in its influence. Thei will clamor for any man who promises t< dispense benefits for them, and at anothei some new, but not' better quafified "polaieti idol, or dispenser of official patronage." At this stage of his remarks a torch lighi procession passed through the street, nearlj unider his window, shouting antd cheering a it went, in honor of Polk. " Do you hen that," said he. " That same collection o0 mncii will, four years hence, shout just a! lustily for a new incumbent, though perhap inferior to Polk himself. People accuse nut of ambition, and say that mv greatest aim is to be the President. I state frankly tc you, what the people and especially the poli. ticians would never believe if publicly an nounced,-l would not turn over my hand to be President, unless some greater danger or threatened calamity to the country could byi my instrumentality alone be averted. A man who seeks to have his name go down and stand well with posterity, must riot sa crifice to the temporary applause of' thre multi. tude, whicht from its inability, produced by biased or fleeting excitem rent or passion, is incapable of duly appreciating what it would condemn or praise; but rather resign himself to the discharge of his highest dtuties to his country, to human happiness, to liberty, and to his God ; arid leave the reward to the just and enlightened praise of men wvho shall follow him in after ages. "Most men who have advanced to more or less distinction among their fellow-beings, are too prone to court the popular breeze, to trim by its course, or to change when it shifts its direction, vaiinly hoping to base a perma nent arid just fame on the foundation of rno temporary apiplause, which is as frequently bestowed upon unjust men and measures, as upon the soundest policy ; and the most wiso, disinterested arid patriotic imotives. " My rule of life has been to (10 right, or at all times to be governed in my actions by the most scrupulous arid conscientious coni. itions of duty, arid without the slighest re gard to the popularity or unplopularity of ry course. 1 never entertained a thought whether moy course would either pleaso or lisplease my constituenrts. I presumed that hey gave me their confidence from a conrvie ion of my honesty; aind wvhenever I failed o give satisfaction, they wvould, as they ought o do, discontinue my services. I feel deeply ensible of the long and resposible trust they haye reposed in mec, which, during a public ife of over thirty years, has never been hanged or withdrawn." Here his eyes flashed wvith renewed ani ation, and his cheeks had become flushed from his excite d conrversationr. Col. lBentomn, who had followed up his illiberal attacks up n Mr. Calhoun with much persornal bitter ess, had a short time previously made a iolent assault upon him, in a speech he had elivered iu the Senate on the annexation of 'exas. I asked Mr. Calhoun if he intended o reply to it. lHe said, riot at all ; that lhe ad made it a point never to notice personal ttacks ; that silence towards those guilty of ersonal vituperation was the best mreans of isarming them. WVhen honorable attacks were made upon is political views or principles, in which hre eemed the interest of thre country corncrned e felt it to b~e hris duty to vinidicaite thremr to te utmost of Iris power. " it was riot for emporary appllause men should act. Per seral contest arid triumph were too much of gladiatorial character from whlich neither tar victor nor the vaimiished cotuld retire rithl proper self respect, anid nothing could e gained for the country. A muan whose haracter could riot stand alone against oarse personal abuse, we l scarcely be orth defending. No man ublic life canI uuea strictly homiest, co - jenitious arid patriotic course, looking to the future bear ing of principles on the welfare and happiness of the people, without having the masses of those people alternately with him and against hin. The great error in popular judgment is, to decide solely upon grounds of the temporary expediency of public meas ures; and after subsequent experience has proved their fallacy, they too often repent of their course when it is too 'ate. " It requires more than Roman firmness and disinterested patriotism to stand out for the right, in diret opposition to the tempora. iy popular outcry of moment, and time-ser ving politicians, who seize upon such occa sions to obtain an elevation to which their talents could never raise them. Yet, the cause of truth and justice is eternal ; and will regain its sway, when the honest inan will be recalled from exile, and may be as much over praised by the people as his pre vious integrity was undervalued, and to this excess of praise he should be as insensible, as to unmerited censure. When such a man is thus restored, the temporary expedientist will sink into oblivion. " Constitutional liberty will suffer the greatest dangr from anarchy, which can never long endure anywhere. The people will become alarmed for their personal safety, and intinctively seek security beneath the despotic sway of the first hold and daring man who may seizo upon the reigns of Gov ernment. It is by yielding implicit obedience, right or wrong, to the temporary excitements and demands of the people, that States are overthrown. " Our present and only safety is to be found in the inviolable preservation of State rights, and in a rigid adherence to the Con. stitution. So lowg as State rights can be preserved, so will centralization be preven ted; and so long as the Constitution, in its strictly defined limits, is adhered to, so long will the dark spirit of anarchy be stayed. i do not consider our Constitution perfect. It contains some serious defects, the contempla. tion of which greatly excites my fears for the future. Yet, it is the best under the circumstances, that probably could have been formed. I feel contident that, had its patriotic founders been in possesion of our present experience, or could they have fore seen the strained construction many of its less clear provision were to Le exposed to, they would have made the instrument more perfect. And, above all, the bare possibility that an interested majority would or could I be iiduced to vote for measures in conflict, With the reserved rights of the States, would have been thoroughly and effectually guarded " say tuIlit you nave travenieu t France ?" I replied that I had. "What do you think of the state oilher present government r, (That of Louis Phillippe.) I replied that, f romn observations in the proviices of France, or ag ricultural districts, I thought the people were capable, under favorable circumstances, of maintaining a Republic, but that in Paris, though the people were more enlightened, yet with them there existed greater corrup tion, and also greater devotiour to centraliza tion." Mv dear sir," said Mr. Calhoun, " if the French overthrow Louis Phillippe, which I think they will do, they will have much trou ble, and not perceive their mistake until it is too late. Whenever they again try a Re public, they will probably run into anarchy, from which the people will seek protection under an Imperial Dictator, or Usurper, who will seize upon the govern'nent anid find his support in tho usual accessories of despotism the chief of which will be miilitary force. .\ly fears for the establishment of perimanenit liberty in Europe, rest on the ignorance of the people. It is only a people enlightened by education, and instructed in sound politi cal principles, who are prepared to sustain constitutional liberty. Education must pre eede all succussful efforts to build up a perilmnent republic. When an ignorant people hawl for a r public, they only seek for a change. And when they have obtained it, they have only gained a namne for a novelty, which is (loomed to pauss into aniare~y on the one hand, or in to despotism on the other. Fraunce can ne. ier he free until she educates her people, and decentralizes her government. Paris must cease to be France, and her pow~er must he distributed among the peopile of the depart ments." " hlave you no hope of seeing liberty established on the continett?" I in ruired. " None," lhe replied, " in this gene ration. There will be freilnuent outbreaks and bloody struggles ; but until the people are better educated ini regard to their p)oliti al rights anid duties, those efforts wvill only forge new chains for them. Th'le Govern nments of Europie are all more or less militar~y centralizations ; the sword being made to execute their decrees. When, or how, pop. ular and useful education is to be introduced, is more than I can see or foretell." lt may be reniarked, that this conversa waus held in the spring of 1815, anid anterior o thme revolution of 1848 in Europe. I recollect afterwards readinig the debate n the Senate in 1848, when a resolution was itroduced instructing our minister in France (.Ir. Rives) to recognise the new, or provi ional government, and to congratutlate France on the establishiment of a rep~ublic. r. Calhoun made a speech in opposition to it, on the ground that the recognition would e premature, and that we had better wait o witness the results likely to flowv from this udden change ; and ini the course of his re narks, lie stated his belief, that there was reat danger of~ the pleI running into an rcy, Irom which they would fly for pro. ection to the government of a dictator." e was taken to tausk by some of the san. uime and progressive puIblic men for his ardiness, and taunted for his "masterly inac, tivity."~ Mr. Calhoun did not live to see ouis Napoleon crowned Emperor of France nd the Republic scattered to the wvinds; yet ttever was pirophecy- more truly fulfilled. Mr. Calhoui always gave conversations a rave and usehtl turn and was always ready o give and se~ in formatmion, llis conversat tion was often '.ariiest and aiiimated hut nei r frivolous, ie never indulged in light jest. or admirer in him. No common place by. words, nor the slightest taint of vulgarity, ever appeared in his language or allusions. All his aims were pure, high and noble, and looked to the honor, happiness, and glory of the American people. During all our ram bles over the world, in all our acquaintance with, or knowledge of men, both great and small, we never know just such another, Among all the public men who ever resided at Washington, he was the purest among the pure. He once asked me what condition of life I considered most favorable to intellectu al and literary cultivation. I replied, that I thouglt liberty was the most favorable. To a certain extent, he said, this was true, but he considered Icisure, secured against want, without unusual wealth, was the best that could be enjoyed. lie died at Washington in 1850. At one time a largo number of influential citizens of New York signed on invitatibn for him to visit the city, and partake of their hospitality, In conversation with him Itold him that he would meet a cordial reception, and that it might be well, if convenient, for him to accept it. I knew that although he had graduated at Yale College, and although urged to revisit it at public Commencement, he had never returned north of Washington. H1e had never visited Cincinnati or St. Louis, His habits was to pass from his duties at Washington to his fatrin at Fort Hill, in Pen dleton District, and from his farm to his pub, lie duties. In reply to my remark about his visiting New York, he shook his head, He said that it would afford him nuch pleasure to visit that city, as well as other places,-pro vided he could be left alone to associate with friends of his own choosing, and to be entirely free and unrestrained in his own movements. But he did not wish to fall in, to the hands of a sort of committee of show, men, appointed to lead him about to be gazed at by the multitude, prompted more by curiosity, than by any sentiment of personal esteem or sympathy. On this account he had abstained from traveling tours over the country. The happiest hours of his life had been spent on his farm, and he never left it without regret, and never returned to it without pleasure, Such was John Caldwell Calhoun. I have never held any official position to, wards Mr. Calhoun, nor indeed under the Government, at all; and never received the slightest political favor from him of any kind, My admiration and friendship for him were the spontaneous sentiment of respect for su, perior talents, true patriotism, and exalted ANEW YORK, May 6, 1854, DEATH OF AN OLD PRINTER.-,It is with sincere regret that we announce this mor ning the death of Mr. E. C. Councell, which occurred rather suddenly last evening about seven o'clock. Mr. Conncell lhas been for some years an old member of the Typographical frater nity of this city, and at one time was fore. mai of the comiipusing room of this journal, and afterwards filled the same responsible situation in the otlice of one of our Savan nah contemporaries. For the last few yoars, however, he has been in business as a Book and Job Printer in this city. Mr. Councell fur some time has been in deelining health, and was to have sailed this dy in the Tennessee for 3altimore, in the hope that his native air-having been born on the Eastern shore of Maryland-might be of service to him. As a practical Printer, Mr. Counoell had few superiors, by the craft and all who knew him was much respected.-Char. Courier, I16th inst. IIDIENIPJ INSrRtUCfo,-Somehody ad vertises for agents to sell a work entitled IlHymenial Instructor." A contemporary adds," the best hymienial instructor we know of is a young widow. WVhat she don't know there is no use learning." A LAD asked a silly Scotehman how it happened that the Scots who came out of their own country were, generally spieaking, men of moore abilitios than thoso who remain ed at homie, "Oh, madam," said lhe, " the reason is 01). vious. At every outlet there are persons stationed to examine all who pass, that for the honor of the country no one be permitt ed to leave it who is not a nman of under standing. " Then," maid she, " I suppose your lord ship was smuggled." AN Irish Judge said wvhen addressing a prisoner convicted of murder-" Your are to bie hanged and I hope 'twill ho a warning to you.", "Wir is thme letter D. like a ring r' said a young lady to her accepted, one day. The gen. tlematn, like the generality of the sex in such a situation, was as dull as a hammer. "BDecause," added the lady, with a very mod est look at the picture at the other end of the room, " because we can't be wed without it." Two or A FAMILY.-" How well he plays for one so young,' said Mrs. Partington, as the or, gn boy and his monkey performed near her deer; ":and how much his little brother looks like him, to be sure ! THE IlErIT oF iS AxBITo.-One of our exchanges tells of a lazy genius up his way, who being asked, as lhe lay sunning himself on the grass, what was the height of his ambition, re plied : "To marry a rich widowc thats g', a cough," CHEAP IvING.-The .leffersonville Adrocale, of Tazewell county. Va., gives the prices cur rent in that town as follows; Bacon 9 a 10 cents; eggs 95 cents; flour (per bbi.) $2,50; dried apples 75 cents: dried peaches 81 a 1,50 per bus ; corn 50 cents. CouNTEmRFEIT one dollar bills on the Bank of East Tennessee are in circulation. Gen. Tay lor's portrait on the right end is very imperfect, --. and several other imperfections which ca be on-Hil detpt-td.