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Tha Augusta Bridge To the Editor of the Edgefeid Advertiser, Si-At the late session of the Legislature of this State, thecharter formerly granted to HaiY SnULTr SJesa McKrNNE in respect to the Bridge at Han burg and Augusta, was amended so as to permit their assignees Messrs. J SIEs JoNas & JosEr J. KsaZDY to collect the tolls preseibed by that charter. This Act of our Legislature has been re ceived ii the city of Augusta with a "tempest of exclamation,"-nay more, with a torrent of denun eistLion against the measure, and the Legislature that endted i41 and among our own citizens, I am pained to see, there are not wanting, those who though very poorly informed upon the subject, are never theless seeking to east upon the State the reproach of violated faith. .1 had been of counsel for Messrs. Jb Rs & KESN EDv in certain suits between them and the City Council oAugusta, and by that means be came familiar with many of the facts connected with the history of the Bridge, and the legislation of this State respecting it. I did not hesitate, therefore, when the matter came up for debate to announce to the Sebate, my honest opinions an 1 conviet;ons upon the subect. I refer to my professional rela tions towards Messrs. JoNEs & KENNEDY, however, not with the view of shuning accountability. What I said and did in the Legislature of the State in res pect to that measure, was done upon my responsi bility as a Senator from this Ditrict. I avow that I supported and advocated the act, and I proceed to vindicate it upon grounds both of legal right and public policy.-It is conten.led, nay, assumed as an incontrovertible fact, that the City Council-of - Augusta are the legal owners of so much of the structure of the Bridge as is within' the limits of - this.State I deny it without quailiition.-In 1813, this State granted to IHENav Sucurz & LEwis CoorER the exclusive privilege of building a toll Bridge across the river Savannah, extending from this State to the town of Augusta, and of receiving at the same certain . legal tolls for the term of 21 years. Coorsa sliortly afterwards transferred his interest in the enterprise to Jons MlcKINNE, and the Bridge was built by Sue-rz and McKINNIE, und r that charter. They however had no title to the soil upon which the Bridge was -erected between the centre of the river and the South Carolina bank. They were probably advised, that as the Savann:h, at that point, was a navigablc river, the ownership was in the State and that their ch:trter was, of it self, a sufficient title. Their interest in the Bridge and the franchise of tolls in respect to it was sold under the decree of the circuit Court of the United States at Savannah and became vested in the Bank of the State of Georgia who were in the receipts of the tolls in the year 1830. The Legislature of South Carolina in December 1S30, passed an Act exten ding the charter of 1813 for fourteen years from and after the 21 years to which it was at first limited and vested it in the President and Directors of the Bank of the State of Georgia. The soil upon which rested the abutment of the Bi-dge upon the South Carolina bank of the -river, was parcel of a tract of laid4that belonged to the heirs of IsaAc FAIR, that is to say, his widow LLcILLA who afterwards mar ried JonN B. CoviNGroN, and his two children..lonN II. FAta & JANE C. FAIR. It was not until June, 1821, that Sn;mrz contracted with the heirs of FAIR, under the sanction of the Court of lEjuity, (the children being jinns,) for the onte undivided fourth of the tract of land referred to, anid having obtained fromi the State the loan of fifty thousand dollars, for which Cov:NG'roN had become bound, as one of his sureties, SnerLrZ and CoviNo-roN, to secure p-tyment of the debt, each executed to the State a mortgage of his respective interest in the land. The debt remaining uinpaid the Treasurers of the State exhibited their bill of complaint in the Court of Equity against Sucr~rz, CovsNo-oN & WVife, and the children of FAta. In Junie, 1830, a Decree wvas pronounced foreelosing the murtgzages and providing for a partition of the land, and, tfor that purpose, direc ting that it should be sold. In p~tursulme of that Decree, the hind referred to was sold by the Com missioner of the Court in separate parceels on the 2nd. of August, 1830. At that sale the lion. BAYs .1. E.Ints., having full aiuthority from the Legislature, purchased for the State of South Caro lina, at the price of thirty fonr theonsanid six hundred and fifteen dollaurs, the four parcels lying on the river, which ineluded the soil upon which rested the abutment of the Bridge, and received fr-omi the Coummiidioner a Deed of Conivaynce thereof. dis eribing the same as contamininmg "180 acres, being "thatt part of a tract of land situate opposite the City "of Augusta and know~sn as thme Fita tract, bounded " on the east by Ilids of -ionN Fox, on the. South " by the Savannah river." &c. A portion of the landi thus purchased by Mr. EAntE emibracing somec six lots, -as laid dowvn in the original phma of Hamui burg,'' including the soil upon which rested the abutment of the Bridge, was on the 24Ith E eeem ber, 1830, sold by him on the beha~lf of the State to Mr. SAMIUEI. ISALE, Presient of the Hank of the State of Georgia. in Augusta, for the price of fivec thousand dollars and in the Deed of Coenveyane thereof, the parcel including the Bridge abutment is thus described :"al-n a peiece or parceel of ground -' situate wvithin Covingtonm street of the following di 4 mensions, to wit: extendhing from the margin of -' the river, at low water miark. to the Soeuthcrn tine of " Market street. andl bounded by cast amnd west lines " of the width of the A ugusta 13ridge, it being un " derstood that the last piece or parcel is to be used " held, and enjoyed, seolely and exclu-ively for the " purpose oef the liridge abutment and a highway." This piece or parcel of grotned including the Brida' abutment wvas coinve-ved on thme 27th l)eeemnber, 1830 by SAMUeam. IIA:.E to the IBanok of the Stat" mef Geor gia. On the 4th May. 1838, the Bank of thme State of Georgia conveyed thi~s " parcel of ground" and all its interest in the Bridlge, with its right of dleman ding tolls, to G-.AvAa 1. LaSIAR, who on the 21st, January 1840 convey-ed the sanme to the City Coun cil of A ugusta. The material structure oef the Bridge erected by Snurz & Mc!mNN:E exists nao loneu:, having been swept away by the flood of May, 18401, andme the Biridge now standinig wvas built by the City Council of Au gusta. Such is the derivation of the title of the City Council of Augusta, in respect to so much of the structure of the Bridge as is within the territory of this State. To whom belongs the ownership of the soil upon which is erected the Bridge between the centre of the river, and the- South Carolina batnk? I answer, not to the City Counceil of A ugusta. The fact is tun deniable, thatu thte river banik, including the soil cov ered by the Blrdge abutmrent, belongd to the heirs of FAI. " Grants of land bounded on rivers or "upon the margin of the same, or along the saute, "ab.>ve tide wvater, carry the celusive right and title " of the grantee to the centre of the stream, unless " the terms of the grant clearly denote the intention " to stop at the edge or margin of the river. Whemn "a stream is ued in a granit as a boundary, it is "used as an cntitety to the centre of it, and to tht "extent the fee passes. Whatever is affixedl to " freehold is thercby made parcel of it-and is sub "jected to the same rights of property as thme ' freehold itself." This I mnaintan, to be the law of South Carolina. It may surely be assumed, that the Conmmissioner, in his deed to EAmtaLE, de scribed the boundaries of the land arighat, and con formably to the description of thme grant undet- which the same was held. If so. then "~ the Sarannah river" being called for as the boundary, in that direec tion, the grant under whl~ih thy- heirs of FAIRa held . included, undoubtedliy, ths lamd within the bed to the centre of the river. So also, when the Conmmis sioner of the Court conveyced to EARLE, foer the State, "one hundred and eighty (180) acres, opposite Ait gusta, boeunded on " the Sonth by thme Sarannak river," the legal ellb-et of the deed was that the land within the elhanne1 to the centre of th~e river, be came vested in thre State of Seouth Carolina in full and absolute property-and that the poertieon of the Bridge built upon it, supported by paillars deeply sank beneath the soil and firnmly adhering to it, passed also with the land as paircel of it and vested in fee sinmble absolute in the State of South Carolina. if it be however, as some have contended, that the soil within the bed of. a navigatblc river, like the Savannah opposite A ugusta, is not the subject of the same, for then it will result not only that the State now is, but always has been the owner of the soil within her territory upon wvhich stands the Bridge. WVas any portion of the soil wvithini the bed (Cf the river conveyed to Mr. HALE in 1830 ? Let the Deed speak.- Not the "river," but "i the mar-gin ~of the river at low water mark" is made the bounda ry in that direction. In the Deed to EARLE for the State, the land is described as bounded by " the Sarannah rirn-ini the Deed to H ALE, as bounded by " the margin of the river at low wealer mark" The commonest mind must perceive the diffe.rence. There is no ground even for the surmist, that the Dee being expressed in such guarded and restrie time terms was the result of accident. Not o-it was the fruit of deliberat and.enligttencd consider ation. IAlr. EARLE in his report to the Legislature, at the Session of 1830, of his actinog in respect to that matter. thus speaks: " We also edgntracted to " sell to Mr. SAMEL HALE, who i President of the " Branch Bank ofthe State of Georgia, it. Augusta, some unimproved lots and- ground, near the end " of the Augusta Bridge, on the South Carolina side. "Some. misunderstanding, horwever, arose in the "progress of-the negotiation in respect to the c.tent "of lhe-conveyance, and in relation to the ground "on which the end of the Bridge and the abut ment "are built, which Mr. UALE s..eimed to have expcc " ted in fee, and which I declined conveying in that "way,-because.1 supposed the State m'ght think it '. advisable to retain some control over the Bridge in future. The sale to hint, thei-efore, was not " perfected, but I have authority from him-to make " an oil'er to the Legislature, which will be more par "ticularly explained to your Committee, and which " I shall recomtnpnd to be accepted." What the precise offer was that Mr. U.sLE had authorized to be made, we do not directly know, but it appears sufficiently by the result. This much is certain-that the special Committee, to whom the matter was referred, recommended that Mr. EARLE be authorized "to make the proposed sale to SAMUE. HALE of Augusta ;I' whi-:h was concurred in by both Houses-and that within seven days after wards, EARLE executed to HALE the Deed of 24th Decem ber, 1830, already referred to. Let tliat instru ment be read by the light of the ..surrounding cir cumstanees. The South Carolina Rail Road was about to be completed. An immense commerce, it was foreseqar, would flow into the State across that Bridge. The State was the owner of the land upon which stood the structure of the Bridge, and its abutment within her territory. She had just re chartered the Bridge and vested it in the Bank of the State of Georgia-a corporation under the law of another State, and wholly beyond her jursd etion and control, a measure, to say the leat, of most quezst .n d,1e pol'cy. And now, it was proposed to sell to that Corporation, (for thongh in form the sale was to I[ALE, it was well understood to be- for the use of the Bank.) certain lots of land, including the spot on whi.h rested the abutment of the Bridge. If the sale should be made, it was at the least, but common prudence to retain the Bridge after the cx pirdtion of the Charter to the Bank, sukly an.! ab suitely within the-control of the State,.unemrbarass ed by any riglits or claims springing out of the ownership of the soil, by that Curporation. For wioo eouhi'f'orrsee that at the expiration of that Char ter, the. interests of the State ,iglht not demand in perative"y, that the Bridge. with the franchise, he vested in another grantee. The leirned and able lawyer who represented the State in that transaQ tion, took care that she susta-ned no detriment. W hat -means the passage of his report referred to? What else than this, that the ery-question we tire now considering, arose in the nego'tiat:on with Mr. IIALE. The one desired the conveyance to extend to the centre of the river, and to be in fee, whilst the other propised to convey ony to low water mark, and as to the soil covered by the abutment, to cot vey the same to the Bank, only during the term of its Charter from the State. Thus stood the parties w'ien the Legislature assembled. But the Session intervened, and the Batik had obtained a renewal of the Hr:dge Charter, its chief iibject doubtless in Inegotiating for the purchase of the land. And now the parties met upon middle ground. HALt: consent ed to receive a conveyance limited to low water tark, and EARLE to convey the soil covered by the Bridge abutment in fee, but with the stipulation that the same should be used, held and enjoyed solely and exclusively for a Bridge abutment and a high way. The legal effect of this stipuhtion can not be mistaken. For whose benefit was it? Not the grantee's assuredly. it did not enlarge his rights. On the contrary' it restieted thet. It was in sub stance a reserv.ation by the State-nay, more than tha-, it was a frrmal dedication of the " parcel of groutl" conveyed to be the State's htghway-t ,b. an abtttmentt for her llridge-to be hi:md and held ntt mnerety subject to such publiie caseuints, butt upon. thec trust that it should bc devote~d to such purposes and use.s, " soh-ly arid e.xehtOively." .' he City ICouncil of Augusta, it is believed, have never claimed arty interest in, the soil upon which the Bridge is built. Trhev were a party defendanit in the c ase of Yarborough, trustee, and others, as. The Bank of the State of Georgia anid others, in the Court of Equity of this State. int their atnswer in that cause, their right to tihe Bridge itself, as distitnguished from the franchise itt respect to it, if intenided to be' as serted as being in fee, is placed upon most entrous ground, for they mainitaini in their ownt words a' that "so far as relbtes to the material structture nowm ex " istinig, they hold it by the right of hiaving~ cani'' ............ ..,.... tne teermer raito, ann as that is conferred not otherwise titan by their Charter, it re stilts that thme title set up byv the City Counteil themi selces, is necessarily subject to the limtittitn of that. Charter. if it be designted as the deduction of a title ini fee, it is ineomnprehiensible and nmeaninigless: and irntellig nt men imust nmarvel that ihr a property ntow atlleged to be indisputably theirs, the City Council of Atugusta were then utterly tunable to sug gest a title, save onio so feeble and rieketty thatt it breatks down in its very statemtent. Their re-building the Bridge in IS.I0, it is clear, coud give them no right to it beynid the, 14 years of their Charter. They claimied tuntder the Chatrter tot the Bantk of theC $tate of Georgiat. which in tertms providedI that "~ if any accident shtould ihappent tio thme "said Bridge hereafter, so as to render it iimpantsa " ble, anid they fal to repair the some withtin two 4~ ye~ars fronm the timte of such actcident htappening, liten the Charter herebyv granmtedh should be void."' Wh.-ni thte liridge was carried away byv thle flood of 1$-4i, thtey were bound therefore, to re-build it. It was a part of thme bargain betwe~in themn atnd the State-a par of rte very price they were to pany for the Charter. flail there existed any piretece~C of claim on their part to the soil upon which thte Bridge is built, it could not have teaped the eve of time able Soilicito~r who drewe their antswer. hMr. I lAvm, the A ttorney Genteral of this State, in his aible Report to the Leg's aure ait the Session of h852, upimn thme subject of the Augustat Bridge atnd tire navigatiotn of te Sa vainnah river, cotmes to the conchlusion that the "' soil " upon whlich stands thte Bridge, exceplt the ab2ut " ment, which is a highway, is tunquestioniably the " property of South Carolina~." Surely these con siderations were suileient to justify the Legislature ini r.-gardiing the portiotn of the Bridge withitn the territory of thtis State as her property. Butt nmuch mo~re titan all this wvas adduced to estaib'ish her title. ThieJudgment of the Coutrt in thme ease referred to is direct to thatm very poitnt. To uniderstanud its bearing and effect it shiul be bortne iti indit that the stuit wvas brottghit in 184t, lby YanonceanG, as Trustee of SturLrz, agaitnst thme Banrk (if the State of of Georgia, G. B. l.A~stAm arid the City Council of Au-:usta. The bil atlleged that ini 16S21, SIUTrz hiad been un~lawfully ejected friomi the piossessionl of the Bridge, and claiming that the Bridge was then, of right, the property of Siic~rz. prayed tha.~t it be sol amid an accounit of the tolls ordered for the bene fit of his cred itors. Chanielior llaana, (an ii!ustrious namte ) hteard the cause on the Circuit, and in his Decree, after discussing variotus quiestions that arose, proceeds to consider the claiim ot StnuJ~rz, (sutpposingz it tio have been unimpaired by any release, or sale, or act of his.) to time strui'tuire of time Bridge, now that his Charter haid expir..d; and titus lie disposes of it: " Then as to any right of time Comldainants in the "Briidge itself, it would be suilicienit to say, thatttall " thte Comtpainant SmmeLtrz's right and interest " thereini hiad passed awvay by time expiration of his " Chatrter. 'rTe franchise or exclnsive privilege "~ which constitnted it his property, no lin::er exists,I " and the material structure is attached to and " part of the soil, and wcould be the property of "1/he Stales, the owners of that soil, if the fran " chise had not been reneiced to another." Nothing could be imore expliit-it is a .Judgmnent of the Court full amid direct tupon thme very question we arc considering. 'Te claiim of Smur~r, as con sidered by the Chtancellor, and rejected by his De ree, is the very claim now set tip by time City Coun cil of Augustam. iBoth claims :trose unmder a Chiarter~ expressed in time saie formt of words, for thmi Char ter to thue Batik ofthe Stamte of Georgiai, undter which tIre City Council of Atugusta claimis, is butt at renewal of thme Charter granted originally to Siit;Lrz-and' if his claiim to the structure of the Biildg enided wiith the one Charter,their claim undoubtdly expired with the other. -It results therefore, that the material structure of the Bridlge, from te cenitre of theo river to its tcrnmination on te Northierin batik, belongs to the State of South Carolina-that in respect to ainy imerest, in the unnme vested in the City Council of Augusta, thtey were the moire tenatnts of this State, under her Charter to the Bank of the Statte of Geor gia-and that upont the expiratiotn af that Chn~rter, on tire 17th Dec. 1848S, the Sti te had a perfect hegatl right to dispose of that portion of the Bridge as she thought fit. I will not cnter inito argumment to provo thtat the central line or thread of the Savantnah iis the true boundary betwveen thme States of Georgia anid South Carolina. I assurmie it to he so. It is scaree regard ed as ito open question on this ride the-river. The State thieni was the lawful owner of thte portion of the maerial ride within her territory-and now I proceed to consider whether the recent Act of her Legislature in respect to it, can be justified upon grounds of public expediency. To .apprehend this question alight other matters, not spokenof as yet, must now be referred to. On the 1:th Dec. 1848, the Bridge Charter from this State to the Lank of the State of Georgia. ex pired. At the Ses ions of the South Carolina Leg islature in the years 1848 and 1849, SULrz prayed that the Bridge be re-chartered and vested in him. The Legislature inclined a favorable ear to his me zunrid,.but,it weaspresented under unpropitious cir camstatiCes:. It was already known that Auguste chined the frainchisc of tolls in respect to the whole Car.dgc:nnder her Charter from Georgia. An tin miense trade was.passing noross that Bridgobetween th-e South Carolina and Georgia Rail Roads, and the Legislature were unwilling to burthen it with any additional tolls. It was also suggested that a suit in the Federal Court between Snutrz and Augusta, was then pending in respect tothe Bridge (about the merits of which the Legislature knew nothing) and that to grant a Charter to him, uncon ditinailly, might perchanee, do some prejudice to the other party. Tlie result was, that at the Session of 18.16, the Legislature granted to SIILrz & McKsmx e, are-charter of the Bridge, for the. term of 14 years, with rates of toll.greatly- re duced, but subject to the proviso that they should not be allowed to collect those tolls u-ntil the suit re ferred to, should be determined against. the City Council of Augusta. By the Act of 1849, this re striction was repealed, but another substituted to the effiet that the collecting of the tolls prescribed, should not subject the community to the payment of double toll. In Oct. 18511 SWurz died, and Joxxs & KEssEDv became his Adirinistrators. In his life time, Suut.rz had bargained withM1cK1rxiE for his interest in the Bridge Charter, but had not paid the purchase rnoney. At the Session of 1852, Jo'su & NF.\NEiDy presented their memorial, setting forth, among other things, that when Snui.rz was a poor bankrupt, and his credit gone, they, out of their own not- abundant means, lead advanced to him Moneys to a large amount, whereby hbe chiefly sub sisted. during the latter years of his life, and that as the only reciompense he could msake, ie had eon veved ta' them{ :ll his interest in the Bridge Char ter, under the Act of I Sl9. They further aet forthy that after Snutrz's death, bel eying that something else than mere mnockcry was intended by That Act, they hail paid with their own funds, to AlcKixstcr, sonic sixteen hundred dollars, the purchase money of his interest ins the Bridge Charter, and had received. a deed .conveying the samie.to them,-whereby they had succeedc to all the rights of both Snu.-r and lcliNsid undei- that Act, and they prayed that the Charter conferred thereby, be so amended as to allow them to collect the tolls it prescribed. Their application undoubtedly was not without foree. But there were other considerations whieh-imposed upoil the Leginlature the imperative duty to interpose in their behalr. The peoplecof Augusta have spoken out with singular plainness of speech. They will not be ofiended if I speak frankly also. While I discaim all disrespect towards that community, I insist upon the largest liberty of defence. It will be remembered that-in Janmury 1840, the City Council of Augusta had'acquired through Lt sAtR, all the interest of the Bank of the State of Georgia in the Bridge and the franchise respecting it. On the 23d l)ee 1840, the Legislature of Geor gia enacted-" Tlh;at :ie said City Council of Au gusta shall henceforth have all the powers, au thority and privileges vested by hw, in the late " owners of said Bridges, and shall henceforth "have the exetusive privilege, of building and keep " ing up Bridges across thme Savannah River. at Au "gusta, within the corporate limits of said City a which are extended on thi North over said Rirer, " to tha b:eundary line between this State and the " State of South Carolina." As far back as 1841, the City Council of Augusta, in their answer to the bill exhibiteil against them by YAteaosoUGH,. Trus t, e, had said, These Defendants deny that one '' half of the said Bridge is situate in the State of o South Caroclioin - On the conitrary, they insist that "the bed of thme tiiver, as fir as low wae mark on 4' the South Caron side, is within the j urisdhictioni "of the State of Ocorgia." The language of the Act of Georgia of 1840;~ is monst sigifiicant: it as sertedl alinist in terms the jurisdiction of that State over the whole River. Thte ('ity Council of A ugus ta so construed it-amid they acted upon that con stiuction. SmILTrz & MecKGextE, after obta'ning a Charter fromi thtis Stacte, har 21 yeats, as I lhave stated, re eived also a Charter from the State of Georgia, inc 1814, for 20) years, and with the like rates of toll. So aIlso, the. Bank of the State of Georgia, after re eeivincg from this State a rentewal of the fP .... eonte mate ny vir toe of the one Charter. and the residue by virtue of the 0:hocr. lint on the li7th IDee. 18-18. the Charter from South Carelinat, under which the City Council of A ugusta claimed, expcired. Diid they thereuepion, as they ughit to have (lotne, reduce their tolls .toi the one half only iof their formter rate ? Not so. They continueid to exact then, as before, witheotut abate menct. When, foer example. they received t-ll fromc pr.ons desiriing to pass from thme Georgia side, did they receive it for passage to the centre of the Brige only, or tior passage across thme entire strue tre freo batik to bank ? Undoubtedly and avoto edy the latter. Then they were tatking tollE for pasg over a beridge within the territorial limits of this State ? Bitt the right to take such to!h is an itncideint of sovereignty-a frntcehise vested int the State-ai privilege of a pubhlie natture, whicb eentnot egally he exerceed wvitheout a Chiarteror granmt front the Leuislateure. Ated yet the City Conneil of A u gesta, from lI th Dec. 18-48 to Nov. 15:2, contini 11ed tie cea:t such tand the staene tolk< as lead been taketn under Cha~rters freomi both the States, maikieng nc tappliicationt whactever f.:r the renewal (if the feer mer Charter grancted by S. Carolina. They cnever would have apjplied tfor stuch renewal, I infert, haed not Joses & Kr.Nxr.ov, ini 18->2, given notice, by pubic advertisemccent, that they would petition the Lgisature, at its ncext Session, for ain amceidment of their Charter. Thereuponce the City Coucil of Augusta wvho lead reemaiede quiescent simnce 1848, proceeJed to give niotice thatt they alhso would aply to the Legislamtre for ae renewal (if their Char'er. The petitioners met and wvere heard before certaini Commeittees of the Lecislature, in Deec. 1852. To appreciate fully the clatims of A ugusta upon the fat vor of the dtatte, oilier nuitters encust mnow be taken ieto conesideraetione. l11y reasont oif the vast amcount if produceu tind freight passing betwveen the IDepots of thieGeorgia aend Seouth Carolna R. Road Comepa eies, aeross the Bridge, the tells lead now mouented u, as it is helieved, to somne thiirty thmousand doilhers anually. TIhie delays o'f tranmsporation-thec ex peses of edraynge aced the buertheen of- the tolls, prssd sorely upon the tracde of both the States, aid espeeciatlly uipien the South Caroline Rail Road Coeep:mny. Thatt Ciemepanty ha~d nuthlority front thec Legilature of th's State, to erect thceir Bridge from the Soutth Cariniea beatk to the centre oif the River, but from thcence to the Georgia banek they could not extendi it, exeput bcy the Iermissione of A ugusta. This privilege the City Coutncil (if Augusta fer years withhel-thecy woulhd not forego the tolls-end inlly in 1852, whcen the pressure from the Coin mrciael interests eof hecth States grew too strong to resist. thecyyieldecd onely upeon the conidition theat they sheiubhl receive feomt the South Carolieea Rail Rodi Comepainy, et wvhuich the State herself was a large Steckhouldler, the meoderate suem of oni eon dred thouns:imd dollars. No beetter terms euld be had.-so the bairgacin was struck amid the pr-ice paid. But the City Couencil of A tugeustat were pessessed of the fraencheise of tohis in respect to the Bridge, solehy under the Chiaeter from Georgia. If the central ttreid of thme River sheouldl pr.ove to be the bounda rv betweemn the twvo States, then the Bridge, though eitening in fact froim banmk to bank, would ine larc te a loll-bridge oenly tio the cenctre ef the River. let that event the City 'Ceouncil of Attgusta, in respiet to tdhe tolL-bLridge, weould stand tiowards this State, substantially ini the seau positiont the South Caroli na R. R. Comnpany hail recentily stooud towardsthem. And now let us aunt up-The City Cotuncil of Au gasta htad placed upon thme records of our Court an exlic~it tend formoal denial that any portion of the Savunah Rlive~r wvas within the territeerial limits of this Stae.k Theiy h::l procured to be passed, an Act oef the Legislatitre of Gceergia, extenedieeg lher jurisictione. aletmost int termts, over the whole River, tnd under its aeuthcerity they haed practically tind ne tuliv givene to it thaut operaetionit. They haed usurped ee impehortanmt frachiise of the State. and appropriated the large profits ineident to et for the spatc of four yters. They hatd long den'ed to the South Carohi ta Rail Road Conmpaney, what was lotudly dencanded by the Commiercitil interests of both States, the right of extending their Road from the centre of the River to the Georgia bank, anid had not con seited unetil they lead wrumng from the State, with thee othere Stockholders oif that Company, the enor meos sum of oine hundred thousanid dollars.-A nd now, at the very next Session of leer Legislature, they pietition~ed that a like privilege in respect to the toll-bridge, .be contferred upon themn, gratueitously, And teo render the whole proceeding pre-cemienthy unigqne, the argumnent itn thteirbehf, was introduced with a lirotestation to the efreet dent the question of eer righet of jurisdiction over the River, was waived only for the present. In the heong tract of tinme was ther o..e. ... ...mitiotn to the faror of a State. nt :were any persons, who abuvc all others, were clear. IV and indubitably undeselrving of such a boon, it -as, under the circumstances, th City Council of eugusta. They failed in their petition. So did Mescsrs. Jons KENNEDY in theirs. The Legis lature did not grant the prayer of either. Artother year hadpsed. The Shrsion of 1853 was come and .oNES & KENNEDV angin presented their Memorial for n amendmtent of their Charter. The City Council of Aungusta were ptioners no longer. What the J.cnthture in 185 had refused to give, ley had boldly taken, pod stringly entrenched un der cover of the Georgia Statute of 18410, they tad in the interim.ceontinueJ to appropriate the franchtise of tolls, in respect.to the Bridge, in as ample a la tier as though they had received a Charter fron the State, in the most absolute and epclusive termw. What now, I ask, did it become the 'Legislature of .utb Carolina to do-? The high and jealous si;r;t ofGeorgia,.in respect to her territorial limits, ad notapished them to be on their guarn also. She had hiyd a-questith of disputed boundaay with Alabama, shto the Chatabo(che, and the while of that riser, along her border,.hadl been adiju,'ged to be within her territory. She is now eontendotg in t'e S Breme Court of the U. S., with the State of itridat, foi-a Southern boundary, that rnns abnost within $nnon shut of the Gulf o f Mexico. By the course or-the City Council of Augusta, we alo were - -pived in a controveray with her in respect to our "4ltndary on the Savannah. Wee we to remain passive until unlawful possession had ripened into right?. For five years the State had submitted to ;'practieal extension ov ser her territ< ry of a inw of orgi--for five .years to the usurpation by the Cit) Council of Augusta, other undouhgd franchie. Were we to suffer the ancient bontadaries of her ter 1flory to be curtailed, and the greatest of her navi ale riers, nt its most important point, to be writh Awn from her jurisdictionr The Legislature of aeth Carolinn were constrained to act. They as o i -ot ay, there is a controversy between certain par ties,-in respect to this tridge, anl we will remain n.utral and do nothing. To de nothing was pre cisely what the City Conneil of . ugusta deiretd. They were practienlly in the posesnio of the State's Atmehise, and not to matke an ell.: tive grant to the .Assignees of Sn ttrz &t NicK txsw., was in etreet to 149,- g the City Couicil of Augusta. There was, I mattain, no other alternatwe. aTthe State was cent 'tined, as matters nood, to grant to one or the .diier, for not to grant to Jo s & Ketatv, was to gre to the City Council of Ath gta. Onght --he to gifce preferred the latter Theyvere, I repeat, the jetry last persos, to whaeoienc a grnt ought to bsve been made. The State could ot have made it, atider the circumstancrs, without frgetting her own -delf-respect. But mor~e than this..loxs-:s &c KENNEDY nde the only persons to whom the - Ctate could juistly grant the franchise. They had succeeded to all.the rights of Smt'r~rz & SiclK,.sst:, under the Act of 1849. That Act con ferred n ight o the franchise though clogged with condiion as to the rjoymet of the profits. Will it be said that .\it was in form merely, but not in subslance, a grant ? i totS & K:rovt before the :.te Act 1 this State hind assigned to the City Council of Augusta. afl their interest in the Charter, under the Acet of 1849, could not the City Council of A ugusta have forthwith set up Toll-gate, at the South Carolina end of the Bridge, and proceeded to cli et th< ttlla pa~serihed by that Act? -No one enn deny it. Then there was subance in the grant undlr the *et of 1849 ? The State ha gone to ftar to re eede,.and notill 14 years had elapsed fromt 17th IDe eember, 184h, ie could not have tansferred the frnuchise to another, without violating her contract, and revoking her own grant to Suaihrz & elc ti.ibm' But our Aet of 1845 has been referred to' which provided that from and after the expiration of the Charter to the Bank of the State of Georg;in, the franchise, in respect to the sride. should bt veisted in thelSouth Carolina Rail tad Cmpi.mry, and that ivet Company should matte ctopensation to the City Council of Augusta, tar the p pirtio of the Bire whei thell tritowry granth's tte. whe tsolrie pbide t thetate.c was t it teouth Car'ia Ral thi cst for the p~riilge owarsing the riverds the prvsionv asutoe compeation wlas undobtely o itend tol render thed Aiet the 14les bjectionrbChar A ter werho l~, it was knowne,cai thez w Bidglie, uneheir C arter i wfro Gerecida pti h rdgae of A thurgwnsteaeP fomlnt refud tol ae hs gt,, an thtefo At be u. th'iteBig ha e irt ttoedlrk tat thehimfr cipestion re. hen nrized i oy th Act f wholl unfi o anp o en, itn ibelngir-. thersproprietdran in ni ieratin oirgdmf thein sou r hts he the prive ee dringhss thetste.f tkig tact a pken.be tos he re tand keept upa then irde andi tre euiethe tlis, cluinmtetem ofd itir Charte Th rerde to? aiTre Act belof 1to tetaiteda thatrimerifate l, an athe expirati on h~~ aoftht ir Chiter tohe deand omeSatifn forga theastrue vtuithe CityCsweri. they hauvet reelive ithe y. Cherolna thail wra Corany thm.i ass into thiei posbsyo the .Was it n eugh ?i The oehi'da'f andle tat ef i th ai ws"a te unwtiads ofcag tyiveuded dotbe linar. wh the Conelf ofAu nth faars reeived, duing ts the peartsi of theh ter,: wite nos, titor beaeed tha two heun-e thousand b tlas A nin-bay quthbe vlaiy trm of tetin har this eet- toieoret. keu the itge "ontthei own expesanoe; in the stnte htiepa them ftoor itdi t'Xiiwn io thei r habern frait unoutdrc ota the li r exase, ihut nyers.-r The risne the Awe of 145. Cona, th uompe aiitsea the trefoll s r awins~ acros-tt eepin dgisreardutm n thte aa!rgt it the Sbae ievedtothess thtate n threah th r ty a spaten. Let hir wars tndh,t. Whitithe, Is notk tis ah equita clamfo'omp nsth admiter tb the l thut immicftr theb expi nrtonin 1848-t, inth whin the City Counil of Agasta tlaued thek. poseses oeftendrntse.minteptt the lIUrlaidg of an i t'he at he nin thatste o fthingscan rtetbe nizei the equae csla3iim fl the Cbil fiA u "otnstarcmenurinat thevlne ortuallf he B riges witi the ternitots utate.iThle en-rd eessof byrte thua ndct of i' qui" l li ocm heatinta thenhs extan n morte. ATre one lft Conet of Augustae noutd ie thae psixty miv whtirtey dollod, whil the eiatn ols tecihrer pairtmby te inoeceber 1818?l~ Rai roCoid rotare t they. Fmorn e so it five yer.w thotsandoo ollrs rifhtnde tea of Sut Carolinai exte Iave aprpitdthe advnae bengirhaers inr possagenrwssthe outoidgetfher ln'auntitla is ngettertste heyvedtoti1 laes clamen Whatndre an thity thest anolvlues tofth one haf o hc the Statetur of thSrig. ient tcamounstiot i unathoeiAer to the hill 18.ev1, ht Cotnif of Augustaii tusi spe: "They, wefents amit thied rinalrd tbuifldn the " t'hesin thrdat nnmdl wrld themeDfnat n nt ae Cort" lieve t a c od3(0 :nsice? he teb lit "oftesameiurn thehae revce tef qally~cia hin tet"e prip oshes. DefndSatefcrs btaitrepards their Chrtern touisan'd toll." )'th nil and cunt tahereatus to accrtae. The oneiit of the Ct Cof thei o Bri~e wor~ b soeqitlie heunred dllaren, while the nelhatf rhecognried b si ct Dec 1845. (to eayntin of thi clam is pidthem byause ith srblina to i ave de omi ay ithoret fonarti in jcsieto for lo-bcauf i waregaale),woub alun ratialm pusiyfe thasapl plldarn Iftetati-ed othe Crl ad exhibteg eui ties onh copant aan them in h CtrtocCan eerv francontis ofiht tke taand they asagel acrosdvantrige bisna sepahaaer ana pdistsint thn o tie oridher lteglf tde. what ithen utthe ofter valute bridne oralf tetrctr hand thei riet the brideni te ave beevarny tit o i enld roethe in the structure or soil, but it is, as I have said, a franchise or privilege of a public nature vested i the State. The policy,' always pursued, has been not for the State to retain such right in its own hands, as a source of profit, but to grant it to indi viduals upon reasonable terms. Such a grant or charter is not a gift from the State, but a contract between the State and the person te whom- it is granted. The grantee eneages, for and during a certain period to keep up the bridge, and should it be swept away by tloud, or otherwise destroyed, to re-build it, so as to provide mafe and tounmodioui pass:.ge to the public, and in consideration of- this, the State confers upon him, duiing that period, the privilege of exactimg certain .reasonuble tolls from persons passing over the s:nne. This is in substance, the contract between the State and Messrs. JoNEs & KENt-:DY, by virtue of the late Act. The property of the City Council of Augusta, in regard to the Bridge, must relate either to the ntu terial structure, or t-> the franchise of toll in rspect to it. As to the former, it'is preserved, protected and defended by the special provision of the late Act of the Lexgslature, that nothirg therein coi tained. should "in anywise impair or prejudice' the samie. If, therefore, they had any property in rhe structure of the Bridge before that Act, they have it, inl ill its amplitude, now. Then as to the franchie-, Did tlry not claim iunder the Charter erom this State to the Baik of the State of Georgia, and did not that Charter end ol the 17th December IS48. What other grant have they ? It would be too preIposterous to lay claim to it uinder the deed from E5Ax.K to hIAt.E. But I maintain. that even if they had been the owners of the Bridge, - and oe the soil upon which it is erected, the State would have been entirely justified in granting the fran chise to another. " the franchise or right to keep " bridecs or ferries, should in propriety, if practica " ble and consistent with lite public welfare, be en "ferred on the owners," This is the trne principle of liw and right. asadjudged by the Court of Er rors of the St:it!e of Georgia, in Young vs Hlarrison, Ui Geo. R!ets. It, i their engerniea to assert tlheir rights under their Charter fro,, Georgia, the City Conneil of A t'rnsta. have set themselves in oppsi tion to the state of Suti Carolina by the attempt to curtail her territory-tn despoil her of her fran ch.se-and to deprive her of her jurisdictton over the greate:.t of her navigable Rivers, at its most in porttnt point, then they have rendered .it n'o'longor cocna-;tent n ith her public icelfure, that the Charter undser n hieh they once held should be renewed in their favor. And if such a state of things has been brtug!t ab'out by-their own aets. whom, have they to b'ane hut themselves ? I miaintnin. '.owever, that they had no equitable cl:aim whatever upon the State, fur the renewal of their Charter, srising fron ownership of the Bridge or of the sail upmi which it is erected. It was to protect the Stale ainst all eimtarrassment from this very source th:t inl the deed to SaIt. TALte. were inserted the stipulation as to the Bridge-atment, and the pre. cise and guarded limitation of the conveynnce to low water murk on the South Caromina bank. That a tax upon the comimunity, in the form (1 increased to!l. has resulted from the recent Act of the St::te, I admit. Such a consequence neessa rily attended any ea'eetve or actual assertion of ju risd:cti-n by the Stato. in respect to that Bridge. Upun this very acecotnt the State forebore to inter pose for live years, and until forbearance had ceased to be even respectable. The ineonvevience fromn this source could no longer be avoided, consistently. with the rights and ttterests of the State. Let the intelligence of the community be the judge. The State inl granting the franchis. to Messrs. .IoNEs Ji 1\:EN ov. have not committed it to unworthy hands It will not he their fiilt if the community are not spe-ed~ly re!ieved of the hurthen of high tells. If tlte City Ceuncil of Angusta conceive that their right have been ineaded, our Courts are open and have never deni'ed them justice. Nay more, our Court: ot' A ppt:al are now sitting in the City of Charleston, Let them institute the necessary leal proceeding t( deterine their el.iim to the franehiise or the validity f the- -ra-t t_ 1. .::. & . ss.:e T . er ..ny othei ques:iute they dc-ire to raise. No delay, I am author iz.-d to say, shall be ini:erpoest-d. and ini the course ofa single week a jmclgtient umya be ha-e1 fromn our Court of bast resort. If they declinte to dii this, then 1I1 them admiiit the rights of .lo'~ts & K~ExND, whto I am anthuri.<ed to say, will, in that event, agree al onie.-. to tany eqluitabile arrang~e-ment, which wil relie.ve the pnhiie frm~ the burden of high teells and thie inicioeiece of piaying at both e-nds of th< I lridgte. If they will do neither of these thtings then at l'nst, let the eommcnity of Augusta. forbent troin denunciations. uniworthy of thiemi and unjus1 us. TYour obedlint ser-vant. J. P. CARRfOLL. ART HUR SIMKINS, -EDITOR, EDOEFIELD, S. C. WEDNESDAY JANUARY 2.5, 1854. Our Collector. MIn. 31. I. WYAGNssa is no1w abroadl upon a collect ing toutr foir the " Adcrliser." We hope he will ht kindly received by ounr subsc-ribers,anid dismissed with the needful" as precipeitately a. possible. t;)? W T are re-qnetced to state that the name of the Pest Othtre at W~ineter Seat, in this District, has heet chIaniged t'o "Mra.m. WAY," Edgetield, S. C. To Correspordents. TnF. arttrles of '' Er.irAs" ' SAYANNAn" ant ithers have been received anid n ill appear next week. It was next to implossibile to publish them tils week, as lthe ambtlors will reidily admit, ws bent they see tat near eleven c-ulmunsfthiis niumuber weru pre-engaged. To Advortisers. Several new Advriiseuuenls liave been received, buet cold nolt appear immediately on account of the prs o~f oilher matter. Some aled ones leave been tef1 out also. We wtill endeavor to give alt a showing next week. Col. Carroll's Article. Wa call the caelm attentioin of our fellow-citizens, or both sides of the Sav-rnani, to time atble anid leucid Comn mumi-atiuon uf Cul. J. P. CAmnaortu, npon thee suibjee of the Biridge at Aiugeusta. Let not its leng Ih dete any intielliget reader freom closely examieinig heis ar gumnts throughout. We are deceived, if all unpre jitlicced indsil do not admit the soundniess of his rea sorning and thcp force of his conclusions. Joseph Abney, Esl Tmrts gentlentan pubtlishees a very lengthy artich uporc ont first page, wheich we have neither time not space teo critit-ise, thiis wveek. We bespeak for ii careful perusul. . The "A. G." St and. Mr. P'iNN, of ouer town, bas ant excellent article of this piopular brand of Cigars. Thcere's nobete iecnekieng thtan thcat atTuriled by the " A. G's." 'iThey are All Golod, certain. And if pernmcns wishincg thena don't call soon, they'll be All Gomie likewvcse. IMore Weddng Cake. Wv. have received our fee, for thme mairriage notie o''Miss MAnRY E. L.A as and Mr. Buass, in thie shape of a hilnk or two of delicions Bridal cake. Althtongli we dont mccclh like teo see our Edgefield girls take:1 away off to the Far West, yet wve ardendity wish foi the ytounrg couphle long lives of un~mitipted bliss. And so farewell to Burns acid his dearie. - Gold! Gold! Gold! Mona Gold in l'idgefield! And this time, it has beens fieundl on the Pintey-woods sido of the District! Them Rev. Mr. W ALKISa exhcibited mo our admiring eyes, on yesitey, a tbeauttiful. specimen of gold-roe-k, found by himsielf, upion his farm, a mile or two from this place. It is the best iidicaution for gnad digginigs we. have seen in some timeC. We aidvise Mr. W. to prose. elte his explorations. The San W'rancisco. -. Tnis papers hauve reenmtly been Ccill with the de tils oif the territic ship-wreck of' thmis vessel. We are preventeed, frunm giving or readers any of these par. tiulars, by the lengmlh of two originial Communtica tions, which exclude almost every thing else. Sutfice it to say, that atmotlcer startlinig disaster hai been netted to the long list of accidents which have happened durincg che Fall and Winter of '53. One hndleredl and fifiy- more men and women have beer swallowed up it. a watery grave. An ML D. laying egp. As exchange announces the fact that a Docto: Somebody " laid on his table" the other day a beauti ful egg. liorra for scIence and down with youm Shanghais ! We are Atorry that it is out of our power to put our readers in full possession of rte " modus in cubudi," in this case-suppose it to be, however, ....... peculiar refnem.e nr of Pari.ian ingeanit. Nebraska. Ois ofthe prominent matters of Federal legislation, just now, is the move to provide a Territorial Govern ment for Nebraska. The Bill before Congress is fath erect by the " Giant of the West,". Senator Douglass, and is basef, as to its slavery features, upon the Com promise of 1850. Of course therefore the doctrine of non-intervention is-fully recognised. But Mr. Dixon, of Kentucky, wide-awake to the apprehension that Fresnilers may claim the Missouri Compromise as be= ing of full force now despite their repudiation of it when territory below 36. 30 was in question, has moved an amendment to the Bill reported by " the Dung lhss." 1i4Atihendment annuls in efect that other CompromiseNa d fairly opens Nebraska to all the citi zens of all thi States of the Union, with equal privi. leges to all. We trust themeasure will be adopted in this shape. For, althongh it may be urged that the Compromise of 1850 vietoawly abrogated the one of 1920, yet it is far better for-.the allaying of all strife that aspuranceshould be made doubly sure upon this vitally Important branch of our territorial regulations. The tone of the present Congress encourages the hope that this good thing will be done. But the throes of Abolitionism portend a struggle of no little rancor. MURDER OF A SOUTH CAROLI'A VOLUNTEER. --Mr. Timothy Cahill a member of Cheater C:omnpany, Palmetto Regiment, was murdered on the Mississippi near Rodney, about the 20th of November last. The circumstances were as follows: Mr. Cahill left this county about the 12th of November, in company with Mr. George R. Vaughan, for Texas, and act Rodney they fell in. with a man named McCloud, who stated he would go to Texas with them. At night they camped, and Cahill and McCloud slept. The next morning Cahill missed a very tine gold watch, and probably accused McClond of steal ing it. The latter, exasperated, stated that he also had missed five dollars, and drawing forth a bowie knife and pistol swore he would kill Cahill. Mr. Vaughan immediately rode bet ween them, to prevent their coming together, and McCloud, under pretence of giving his pistol to Mr. Vaughan, came up to within a few feet of Cahill, rushed umler 31 r. V's horse, and -tabhb. d Cahill with at beowie knife. Cahill fell, but re covering pursued McClotd about one hundred vards, and fell dead. Mr. Vun ghnn discharged both barrels of his gun at .MeCloud, but without el'eet, and the murderer made his es:ape. An inuest was held upon the body of Mr. Cahill, and a verdict in accordance with the alove cir cumstances was rendered.-D.ellas Gazette. DOINGS IN THE CAGE OF UNCLEAN BIEDS ON Wednesday night, 18th inst., two prison. ers, HoWARD and SMITH, broke jail at this place, and escaped. HOWARD is not a doer of good things-as his name imports, but on the contrary, unless fame belies him, he has been a frequent doer of deeds felonious. He was here awaiting sentence upon eonvictipn of horse stealing. He has been a stage-driver, circus man, and so forth, and probably thence derived his illicit fancy for horses. The man who delights in the anonyme of SMITH, w:s a ditcher, and one day growing wrathy with a fellow-worker, dealt a blow upon his hand with a spade, whereof the hand morti fed, and .the man died. le1. was awaiting trial. In consideration that HOWARD, is abremd, it will be prudent to keep a watch on steed and stables. A more minute deaeription of the personnel of these fugitives, will be more proper under the hand and seal of his Excellency, to whom we defer the duty.-Abbe-vit et p nd.ndent Press DEATH OF -.UDGE CH.ARt.ETON.-WVe regret to learn thatt Judge CHARLETON died yestergay morning, at hIs residence in Satvanntah. lie was an accomplished gentleman, an emine-nt jurist, anid miost estimable maci. Such a wan is a loss to any State. IHenry N. Snrgent- of NetvBoston, N. HI:, aged 28 years. on Saturdaty murdered Miss S. Jones, aged 17, by shooting her four times with a revolver: lie then shot himself, and expired ahont 6 hours after. It was a love affair. Both parties were respectably connected. T1tE YERER ABLE Bishop Sonhe left Nashville on fltnday nigthhe 26th Di~iiiei; onr hue second visit to. Califvrnia, where he goes to further the interests of tho Chturc-h of which he is a highly esteemed and intnuenitial memiber. MORE THAN sixty erimtttals have been exo eted in the Uneitedl States duricig the year 1853. catd nine are now in prison utnder sentence of death. A HriaT.-The most beatntiful flowers are those which are douible, suc~h as double pinks double roses acid double dahlins. Wihat an urgnmttt is this against the chilling deformity of sinigle bedsteads ! " Geo marry," is written. oct every thing beanitiftil that the eye rest upon --beginninitg with the birds oef pacradise, and lea ving ofl withI apple blossoms. IPAason Brows1.ow says ; We have published a papet.r feer Fifteen dreadful years, and furncished our paeper to heundreds of nien for years, who lave never hatd the honor and principle to paY us oua cent. - HYNENIAL, Mar a:ED, icn this Village, ocn Tuesdaty mnornincg, lthc inst., by Rev. C. A. Raynmondl, Mr. B. C. iavan aced Mliss Ann L. PENN, eldest'-daughter of Mr. G. L. Penn, all of this Village., hIAacEnm, in this Village, otn Sunday morning, the 22d inst., by Rev. C. A. Raymond, Mlaj. Ate DEW J1. NEAL. and Miss CA-rtn.arse, greait-grand daughter of Mrs. SaRan LAllonto, all of thtis Dis trckt. MAfacED, on Thursday die 19th Inst-, by the Rev. John Trapp, at the residence or Dr. Thos. Lauke, Miss Maar Ei~izAsETu, eldest datuglhter of Mr. Elias Lake, late of this District, but now of Caddo Parish, La., and Mr. Jouns IL. ieas, of the latter ptlace. OBITUARY, Duxo cn the lnthc int., of Pnceuntonia, Ex.Da-rt MniGAY, icj theo forty-eighiti c'ar oef his age. The dlectsed was ecnnected with the Republi can Baptist Church ini 1831. ncd re-mained ace utitil his death. Hie professed, duricng his last illniess, a perfect resignation to the will of his Itivine Master. H ec jeaves five chtildlren, and a numeber of relations nd frien'dls to nmourn his loss. D~ieD, at hcis father's residence in .Edigefiele Dis trit, en the 8th intst./BENaJa tiN RAttno, in the 22d1 year of hcis age. He united himself to the Baptist Churchtat Moan thin Creek, in 185-2, and centinuedl a consistent member until his fleath. Ile wits kintd and gecie rous to his frienids, remarkaeble for his parental affee tion, atnd was admired acnd beloved by his acquaint anes. We truly lament the loss of so brighet ean evidence of future usefulness, acid we simeere-ly sypathise with the deeply auntieted parents, rela tives and frienda of the deceased. Correspondenlce eI the Advertiser. h AMBURG, Jan 21. Corros.-Since our last report; the long-hooked for adlvices fronm Liverpool, lhave been received, wvhich caused recter a better fueling in our Market, though no quotable aidvanco in prices.. The unsettled state of the Wctr ini Europe, still has quito acn influence on prices in this coutntry ;and, unless .jt assumes a more pacific appearance qpon, we cannot reasonaibly look for rguchimprovemnt in prices. The gene ral decrease in the receipts still continues to auj m et-attite latest dates it was 585,000. We tmake no cbange-in our last week's figures of 7h to 91 eta. D. Noticca - A"'those baving demands against the Estate Aof the late Maj. James Wallace, will render them in to me properly attested by the first of Feb rtiary next, and those indebted .to thu said Estate will make immediate payinent. R 1. G. WALLACE, Ex'or. ,an25 tf 2. e Butler Lodge, No, 171.1 t.? T A Regulor Meeting of A4hmisAd will be hed14i their ail an on - evening nei'. at 7 o'eloec.. 11. BOULWA RE, See'ry. Jan 18 I Horn's Creek Beat Company, A TTENTION I OU are hereby commanded to be atal appA at your regular .parade granudA, at Eg~l C. H., on Saturdlay the 4th February. armedjan4 equipped as the law directs for Drill and instr n. By order of JOlUN W161 J. L. A onisox, 0. S.. - Jan 25 2t . - A CARD! WOULD RESPECTFULLY sayto all-per.. sons indebted to me, by Note, or otherwiq, that I am atilt at the Old- Stand. patiently Waiting for settlements,-and I A M CANDID when It ay that all my unsettled kraiints will be iniWsednii nately, handed to an Attorney for Collertit, on the 10th of February. LOD Blw*. Jan 24 3t * Dissolution of Co-Partnershirr T HE Firm of Faur.rAxo- & RvaWs, in this day dissolved by mutual consent.. FREEEAED- EVANS. Jan 12, 1854. Particular Notiee. LT Persons indebted to tie Firm of Fau. .LAND & EVA,'., either by Note of Aceouftr - are thus timely notified that they must pay the samue by the I ath Fobruary, or they will be aued without exerption. FREELAND & EVANS. Jan 25 3m 2 E7 The Independent Press will copy 3 times a4 forward account to this Office. Law Nt.Ice THiE Undersigned bts removed to. Jgee15. 11.. and may be found at his OfMice, formesly. Occupied by .lons l1sL--rTT, E-sq. TU0s. P. 1rAGnRATMEy ATroN.T AT LAW. Janl 18 -m11 Bargains, Bargain. IlIE Subs.riber intending to close up hiq bus . ness for the present season, will I A NUFAC TURTE the remainder of his Stuck- 6( Godi 4' Cost! - - - He would say to all who wish to puaehtashlCintlw. ing Cl lAP, and made up in. FiRtST IIATE STYLE, come and leave your niasres,- and they shall be put up at short notice. - JO1N LTON, Aom.r Jan 20 6t 2 30 Likely Young Negroes.. - - I LL he sold before the Co-urt House :i C W lumbia, on.the first MON IA Y in February next. Among them are innse Servants, IoaIier and Field Hands, all able to work.. The eonditon. of sale wi!l be notes, with g;tosd endorser., at .eihr of the banks in Columbia or Charleston, at 60 days wilh intere.t from dnte. - The subseriber offers the above negros. for rate intending too change his former business,.and for. other reason. J. M1. E. SH A E "*. Jan 25 2t - Brought to'Jail. A RUNAWAY SLAVE has been lodged f6 Ithe Jail of this (kadjefield) Di.trict, .who says his isanme is ALFRED, and anys that he be iongs. to Jesse Barnes, living in Edgecome Coun iv, N. C. Hie further states that he has beed hired to John TI. Burnes, of Georgetown S. O. Said negro is dark complected atnd about i feet 7 inehes high. - The owner is requested to come forward, prove property, pay charges and take him away, otherwise he will be de.alt with as the law di reibtm. WV. W. GOODMAN, J. E. D. Jan 25 i f 2 'Brought to Jail. I A.RUNAWAY slave han been lodged is the Jail of this (Edglefield) Diatrict.. wh ays his name is AUSTIN, and -thathe belon' toi William Dorch, of W ye Cotunt ,19. C.,aai complexion. Snid fellow sats'ilit h~Ifeas- e hired to John T. Barne', of Ge~igetown, S. C~ The owner is requested to' come forward,: prove property. pay chatrges and take him away. ortherwise he will e~ dealt with as the law direct, W..W. GOODMAN, J. E. D. Jan 25 If State of South Carolina, EDGEFIEI.D DISTRICT, IN ORDINARY; B YTI.T. WRIGilT, Esqr., Ordinary of - BEdgefield District: Whras, Henry 8enit has applied to me for Letters of Admnistr,'tion, on all and) singular the goods and ehnitiles, rights and credits of Thos. Hanhmaw late of the Di. trict,nmforesaid. decensed.. These are, therefore, to cite and tnamonish all' and singular, thu kindred and creditors.of the, said decetaed, to be tand - appear before tme,- at our next Ordinary's Court for the snid District, to be holden at Edgefield C. H., on the 6th. day of Feb. next, to show ennse, ir any, why the said adnministration should not be granted. Given unider my hand and seal..thia 21st dpty of' Jan. in the year of our Lord one thobsand -. eight hunidred and fifty-fonr and in the 78th year of .inmerican Independenee. . . - Ja25 .~ T. W RIGHT,. E. D. Ja 52t . . 2 STAITEF Oli'OUH CAROLINA. EDGEFIFL.D DISTRICT. -. IN ORDINARY. . BY IT. T. WIGlHT,kEsq., Ordinary of Edg. Bhernad Dit. Seriwetherbhasapplied tomne for Letters of Administration, on all and sin- -. gtlar the goods and ehnttles, rights and cre.dits of Elbert M1ergan, late of the District aforesaid, deceased. These are, therefore, to eite anil admonish all' and singular. the kindred and creditors 'of the~ said deceased, to be and apipenr before me at: our next Ordinary's Court for the said Distret,t - to be holden at Edgefield C. H., on the"t day of Feb next to show cause, if any, why the said adtmintistration should not be granted.'. Given untder nmy hatnd and seal, this 23d-day of Jan. in the year of onir Lord onc. thousand eight hundred and Iifty-four, and in the 78th year of American Independence. II. T. WR IGHT, 0. E. D. Jan 25 2t 2 State of South Carolina, -EDGEFIEL.D DISTRIC.T. IN ORDINARY. B YII.T. WRIG HT, Esquire, Ordinary of Edgefiel d bistrict. Wherens Richard F. Barrett hmas applied to me for Letters of Adnministration-, on all and singular the goods mud chattela..-rights and credits of Mtart ha BarretU late of the Dis trict aforeasnid, deceased. Thlmse are, therefore, to cite and admonish afl atd singular, the kindred and creditors of. the said deceased, to be and appei- before~ ine,.at our next Ordinatr?'s Court for the Maid DIbfrie; to be holden at 1Edgefleld C. IHuse, ouAte th. day of Feb next to show cimae, ifaauv - the said admninistrmation soruld not Given under my hand an~se1th1S of Jan. in the year our of dn- w'* - sand eight hutndred anud fiff-yfon~ n n seventy-eighth year of Amnercan I~ pn i Jan25 H. T. W EUGHTo L .e~~ .Estray TLhow RL1I01SFE, aboumt six yka5rI and a half hands high, with a biaseJabin e appraised at fifty dollars. hamburg, Jan 23 . *m4 White Lead, Liuiseed LAMP OiL, NEST'S FOOT-OIL a~ NERSOIL, for sale nmext soot to sLU VAIIr L.; Aug 24 . -