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EDGEI V3 ADVETSE sm, ocvrdic 321trnd, Dr~ysitd iT DnllIjcn~ ?Sigl3)ts, 21U~iS, 3Blifice, i 31RhifiliE11, Clitailtr, DUrAtit, Ermptrants, tI~iUL hIre &. "We will cling to the Pillars of the Temple of our Libert and if It must fall, we will Perish anuidst tlue Ruins." W. F. DURISOE, Proprietor. EDGEFIELD, S. , CEMBER 21, 1853. - vm.-n.. THE EDGEFIELD ADVERTISER IS PUBISHED EVERY WEDNESDAY BY W. F. DURISOE, Proprietor. ARTHUR SINKINS, Editor. TERMS. Two Dot.rXAas per year, if paid in advance-Two DOL.ARS and FIFTY CENTS if not paid within six Tinomthis-and Timmu DoL.LARs if mnt paid befuore tihe expiration of Ilme year. All subscripLions not distinet ly limited at the ime (if stbsicribping, will Ie consid ed an amade for an indefimite period. anid will ie cnn. tinued intil all arrearagesm are paid. or at hlie opltion of the Publishier. Smpseriptions from oiter State nmut inmvariabliy he neiimpanied With the caih or vt-rence to some ont) known to ni. ArvxaTr8E.1ENTS %%ill Ile Cctinspientsly inserted at 75 eents per Sqinare (12 lines or liess) for the first insertion, and 374 rnts for earh subsequemt insiertion When only publislhed 3Imiily or Quarterly SI. per Pgiiare will be charged. All AIverfisemnents nt having the desired minmher of inrermimns marked oin the nargin. will be conti'uied until furbid aid charged aceordigly. Thmse desiring to advertise by the year cnn do soon iberal terms-it licig diinctl y 111iunderstoosd that coin racts for yearly advertising are coifined to the itune diate, legitimate buliness of the firm fir imlividual rontracting. Transiemt Avertisemienti inmust lie psaid for in advance. For announcinmg a Candidate, Three Dollars, in advance. For Adverti.-ing Estrays Tollemd, Two Dollars, tm be said by the Magistrate aulvertising. JOSE PH ABNEY, (TILL he found it all times in his Olice. at ' .EudgelIvid Court Ilotie, near the 1.A.N-rvmCs OTF.L. lie vill attendl promptly and strictly to business ft u-hlis prof"essionl. Noiv. 141 tf 51 ABNER PERRIN, G EXNT for the Pro-ceution of Claims tor 'Inimn ..ty Landl. [evrolutionary and other l'enwiins Ofliec at Elgelid C.. I., S. G. Feb 23 mf 6 avannah Mutual Insurance Co. '. ONIINUL.i to tulrie FlIVt avil MAKlINE ' r [ lli on the mi:-m avoi4 1 r1*' ms, at their lt gency in lamhurg. E. .l. BE~al.\STE . C:Ir i Etna Insurance Company, IIE Subscriber. as . cift f the iabvi (' om prn. will take Fl iE and AI \iN !E RISKS -- E. J. BUCK .\IASTER, Acrm-T. Nov 2?,, 3m -5 ( ational Safety Insurance Co. NS ii.ANCE t:aken li Liv, s by thib Cuommp:my. Aguvat 11lam1hurz(7 nv 23.3m5 of RE O V A 1, & and Shoe Manufactory. - IIA YiNG remmoved tuo mime S-ture Sa !juin~ Dr. A. G. Tvar. ms Drug Store. as u.sud, I am pre .ed i to mke to ur.ler. i'me )rem, )omle ..Suled feil .4tur ;g'r f N ' l a n: Boots and Shoes, - te verv NT 1 IATIAilI\L.8, anmdn e--d t .it al.w'avs Wanrank-d. A i. l 'han.i a h.1ir v1. -ty of R(UTS and OEIS of rmmy own manumne;tre. .whihl b e posed .if o re:nablle ts mius. WSM. AmcEVOY. .-- N. f ..-.-Wnted. tim ree a;pprent's tm t learn . sie.mamkin! buhin'. '.me rapply soon. Groceries! ili[g. SLG .\I, Aho 5U Uarrels STEW N - A RT'S *o. 20)0 lUngs COFuFEE. 200m Coils .?OPE. sonn-mt very mipmerior. I0 trO a~les unnym andi Ptiun-h-e II AG(GINW. 30) Whcule,. I bi amid tjmneter 1I. < Nom 3. No 1. and~ Aless MA CEER El, alsom Eits, A nul we wo~nuld .u.so stt, thact we hacve a fine o~rtcmnent ouf Blankets, Negro Cloths, - .stends. Chacirs, Sciihils, Osmahurgs. Str inpe, mrmn, N is. (Oils, W h-te L~enmd. Shut. I Ir Lamd, Salt. Chuese.. Powider c piie Ian,&.,&c.. &c.. nd in facet, every armicle tmsually fomund in am Gro rv Store. -. lil-E Y &' 6 - i mnburg, Nov I 4, tf 4-I rcries and staple GAoods. T E~ ha~ve uumr oni lanmd, amnd .ilmmil conmtinue tom 3 rceimxe alditi. ns timrougum~mt thei. busimness neon, am CO.)M l'i Eli~ S'i/OmCl OF U RO(. I ES, comininr isiunt every li:iin'g asunny keplt ini am unery Store. .\nimnimg wh~ih mmy bme m.ntu:merated .1 -foil.. vin-z m(utm :mmmd Dmmu,.leu- fU-gg* ng ];le~ li'.- cand Tw;nme, I;;me :mnd I lamsm. Stcjameiad tu-:rs of eve~ry dlescri ptionm, %' :4il. Pnmttry and 'ass ( i.4 'l.inseedu ad ITrin (i!-.:m Whiu lte L~eamd; :Ma't, Irn., S.iul and u int: TobmneemI .aiemm4. (4rm.e and Tea: Usmauccmr" , erwn S-iltimngs e.Ad Cothm Yarns, Pnie. so-.p. ke. Four sale otn time nmest ren mablek terms. L ARK .& flUCKiML\STER. 11ambmlurg, No.~ lii 3m 44 Particular Notice, lIE Pruprietsr of mime "~ \'.oI:mi-r STm" womuld iniform the pubmllic that lie has n hmamnd, anjd is rm time tom ticme receivinug sump!2es of 11 Kinds of Toys for Girls and Boys, uch mis Dis mif all iescriptionus, Cryiii. Jihk. 'mrceili. Ah hsletm, Ind'a Ilubber und Od~4 i.uiad4% ndm msomme very large Wamx Doulls, with nacturuditbir, imvingt eyus.an asi mU raL~~ll as lie. M[A IR iiS mof all indmis, Rubbedmr II.\T LLS, &c'. -e., andmu wvhent vim vi-it A;;.gu jumit call in mandm uuy a nice premsem~nt krm the oodnm wj1fo, the dacrhm'mg mv ;ind time beauitiful girl-Us I hacve rcaimethmism ssuit.ach onme, anmd piermps yu cmyi imee mie icmg to msuit -No. I ."'~ 155S Urina. Street, Augu'.ta Ga. Sept 5 mf 4 Notice, LLm Persoms indet-ed to thme Estatie of R. PIett Brmumxm, dee'd., tire respelctfulily notfiedl to :ke Iimmeiate~~ payvmenmt. :tmd those hacvinrg de-. muds cu~.mm:t ,emid estat~e wal 1reen.t thmemm forthwith, operlnv nttested. - S USEN \T. TWR.UNSON. A mm'ix., ROiUE~RT LANI ER, Adn' or. Oe2on tf 40 'ggOW to naake Flour Rie UTST call ini at time "' \ AnIt-Y S-rOR'" ;md buy smmm oIf PassToN & 3l1r.tl.s' INFAT,!iHL ?%\ST POw WrDElR, ":1and its boumnd to ise." Call at time " Vantsz-rr S-rolL," 155 Brucnd Street, pgusta Gam. -. - .J. A. G L'RLECY. .c.a.tf 34 HARDWARE, CUTLERY, &c. T & J. H ILL, Hamburg, S. C., would in SV form their triends and customers that they keep consatcitlv 411 hnnd, at their old Stand, a hA NGE and WELL SELECTE) STOCK, eon ;ist.ng in part of the following artieles. F INE CUTLRY. A largo- assortivent eof 'cket Knives, Knives and F',rk e, Seissors, &c.. &e., both of English and meivrican lainufneture. Tin and Copper Ware. Rverv nrt:ele of Tin Ware kept n1w.y otn hand, mid ordlers received for any article that may be iceded in the Copper. Tin. or Sheet fron line. Sai E M] GD m E . . . good aseortment of fleating and Cwoking Stoves. rhe latter are recommended to Housekecepers for ietavs and econtonv. Gnus amid Pistols! X full nasortment of Gunte, fromt ordinary to very ine. (ot. reienvating, l'istolo, Allen's leviolving mud Self-C(oking ingle Barrel Pistols. Also, conm non1 PisNtols. SMITIHS TOOLS. k Inrge nnd eopiiijihIte Stick of Smith's Tools, con istinigo tof A nvels, lhelloaw, Serew Pates, Hand nd Sledge I lamoers, F:i-s, Rasps. &c. CARPENTERS TOOLS. mwhrncing all varieties cof Plains. Saws. Chesels, \ ugers. I I Imers, Ilatchets, Squares, Comupasses. \xes, Adzes, &c.. &c. Spades and Shovels. pade. anId Siovele of the best qualities. Also, lunure Forks, hIor, &c., &c. C 11 A I N S. .og, Ox, Trace, Waggon. c'.:i and Halter Chains. .Boiler% and Caldronis. 6variety of oilers andl Caldrotow. by the pr -per we ..f which farmers will find a great Saving in eding Cattle anid H oegs.I CASTING AND HOLLOW WARE. 'ots, Ovens, Spiders, Tea Kettles, Wafille and Wa -r kIons. Fire Diourpc. Vagpeeon 11oxes, Grid Irons, mouthing frorus, Norters, &ce. N A ILS. D0 Kegs ef Nails, sted sizeS. Alon assort -nt of Englislh and Aimerean llorse Shows, and 11r,01. Show Nails. CotTee Toasters, and Cotton ad Wool Car.!s. traw Cutters anid Corn Shellers. hie most opiroed Straw Cutters, and Corn Shel ri, a hiell turmiers woued finid great ecionomy to use. CII.ilN PUMPS! 1imin Pmntps anIl fixtures-an excellent method fur awing u rter frenem wells. " Ai the ftor-going articles soqld ton the most .-onaible ternm. Ilamb21ergj, Oct. 26 Gn 41 Copartnership Notice. IE0loRG;E IROl:INSON & 11. B. ,1ACKSON v T have spsociated tliien..eves tige thti, for the e imnetiaetng of a Ii General Hardware Business, r de-r the style iof RUIFP A:LAcCsoM, llanburg, t T-VER-11 Y - TIIIN G ill thlat line. together with at ldle. ridlec, lIarness, Leatier,Trunks, Whipu, ii &e. N: e lhnburg, A pril 27 if 15 I ROBINSON & JACKSON, IIAMBURG S. C. t AVE. now oen tehand a m,t Complillete Stock t of Hardware, amongst which laly e 200 Tom Enz!leli and Sweed Iron, 500 Kegs Nnil'. 20.4100 1.b1-. Castings, c 51 lh.z. C-odlinse' Axes 75 " lirades' Patentt Tyors and others, 5 4 Superior Straw Cutters, 2t o Spades aud Shovelg, 10 "0 Rakes, Tiletsion antd other make cf Vicel and Anvillo'. mee-.. Halter. .wo. Fifth and tither style of Chains, A comnplete Stock of I'oeke-t ani Table Cutlery, - A.i. ST'A F rl.ains. SA~w. Chiu-ls, Screws. Wiges, Knobs. hellows, Bitt', Guns, P'istolo. Shot lBngs, Peowd--r Flasks, Cotton and Wool Cards, WVell Wheel.. Kettlesi. Stew Pls, Frying Pa:ns, Gridirn.r, llamtmert. Itlatchets, cks, Wafer, ami4 Watme Iroons. Candle Sticks, Steclvardls, :larking Gnaege., Sp.irit Le*vets, Aadjigous, Sl.ei'seand Tongs, Screw Pl'~te. (2cmpasseo, TIhum Gunes. Percurseon Capls, &c. 1Tmbrg. A pwi 7 - - tf 15 Hardware & Gutleryr Store. 1Fall Steocf of Shv utreevdtni H ARDW ARE &, CUT-iE RY, nci-t gg oif A nv.ils. Vices, He-llo~ws, Smiithis Ifanm r. Screw Pla-tes. Stoick and I ie.., I orse Shoe is, Rashps. Files, I 1andi and Cut, bMill, amid all other ind cif SA WS. Ott dotzen of all klinds. of Lockic. o( ,ie Uit4 'of .all kiucda. til flcons. Cii~t Re-vnteces. .\ILens tid. 'urnishing~c (eols. and ev-erythinmg else eucnnetedi ithc ac liardware heus.. -- AL SO orn Sh.llars,. Strawv Cutters. Mlitlie, the genuie in~ms Axes, .\dz.-o, lclct amdail kinds E&dge wie~wn,, ieuie, iFuit'iy s'licit a shiare of patrfln e,. acid ainyihinig sold by us will be wvarranmted of ie best ,manufcture. . Mll-GAR0KEY & OAKMAN. I~ few" doors :ihbove Insuirance Banik, Augusta Ga. Sest. 28 183 6mo 37 BEALL S STOV ALL, WAREHOUSE AND GROCERY MERCHANTS, AUGUST A, G A. all Cotton consigned o us will be Sold Free of Commission. r J"IE Firm of Er'ront, .HsAy.j- A Co., knatig 1. beeni dissolved en the 5tho of Jane 1-at, the Sub.-criers, mnemobers ofC the late firm, will ctntinue the WAREIIOUSB ANI) GROCERY BUSh N ESS at the samne we ll kown Stands. (Stoire on Brtad Street. oppcosite the PtANrE~s' ilori now eretimg, and Wacrehoiuse on Caempbell st,,) where thy will lie Iihip ti see the frienida and arquamlit un~ee if the laete im, hiavingt always on haned a LARGE AN) WELl. SELECTEDI' Stock of Groceries, Silted to Planiters' tride, in which they feel confi dent they enni offer indueements egnatl to any House i tihe City. ;ry Cash advances madeon, Cotton in Store when required. W.\. M. ISEAIL, JOH IN W. L. STOVA LL. A ngusta. July 27 6m 28 Notice. LL~ Persons indebted to the Estate of John Ihlatehwr, sr., cdee'd., are requented to make imediat~e pavcentt, nnd those to whom the Estate is indebted will presenit their demands properly at tstd. AMOS LAND)RUM. Aedmrs. with the Will annexel. xov 30 4t 45 Extracts from the President's Message Fellorr-citizens off the Sente and of the Hiuse qI R. presentatirc.: Tie in'erest with which ti. peopih of the Rep:blie anticipate the assembling of Congress, and the fulfilmneit on that occasion of the dnty imposed on a new President, is one of the best evidences of their enpieity to realize the hopes of the founders of a political system at once cotmplex and symnmetrieni. While the dilTlrent branches of the Goverinent are, to a certain ex tent, independent of each other, the doties of all alike have direct referenice to the source of pow er. Fortunately, under this system no man is so high. and none st htuble, in the scale ofl' public station, as to escape from tilie serntinv or to he extimpt from the responsibility, which all official functions imply. Although disense, ataanming at one time the characteristics (if a widespre:4-. andl devastat ing? pestilence, has left i:s sad traces upon .stot portions of our country, we hate still the oifist abunvidant canse for reverent thnlikfulness to God for an accmulation of signial mercies. showered npon us :.s a :naition. It is well that a consciousness of rapid advaicemint'mit and inl ereasing strength he habitt:dly asm-einte- wi ith tll :Iidin~tl sen.e of depeniden'a i uiti Iitm n' :o hosilds in his hawd'. the detiny of men and of nations. Recognizing the wisdom of tI e broad princi. p'e of ni hsiolut ri'hgionl.'s toleration proelniiced in our fundament:alI law, and rejsicing in tlie enign influence whieib it has exe'rtsd non or social and politieaI condition, I should -hrimk romn i clear duty, did I f.il to express ny deep st convictioin that. we van place no seenre re innee upon any appaient progres<, it' it be not mastnined liv nai'tinal integrity. restin-tg uptm he great trotlhs afirmed amid illustrated lv 0i tine revelation. lit I tie midt4 of our sorrow f'or lie afl'eted and sulreri-sg, it has been cons.tlOlilg o See hoaw promptly disaster mnade tiie nm-igh. mrs of districts and cities separated wid.'-y rom each other. and cheering to watch the trenthtll (of that commtnon bond of bro:hslood vhich unities all hearts, in all parts of this Un on, when danger threaiens fr)om abroad or ea aniity impends (ever tis at home. Our diplotoatic rehlations with Foreign Pow. rs have undergoner no ceential chamge since hie adjournment of the last Congre.s. For some years past Great Britaina has so anstrued the first article (if the convetin.t of hie 20th of* April, 1813, in regard :o the Fisie. ies on the nortIeastern coas.it, ts to exelide onr itizens from some of tine fihiing groutds, to hieh they freely resorted for nearly a gnrter f a cenltury subsequent to the date if that tr n r. The Uited S!tates have nmer ;equietsei'd I this construction, but have always el..imed for ieir fishermen ill the rights which they had so ang enjioyed without inolestation. 'Wi.h I a kw to r-move all dillienities on the subject. to xtend the rights of our fisherman -evond the 'nits fixed by the coivention of' I81. aid to -gurlaie trade between the United Stites atid i.r)Ih a failr prospect of IEsvorable result. To protect our lishermen the erijoymtent of their tights, and prevent allisions between them and Briti.,h ishertnen. I emed it expedient to sinlion a naval force in int quart6r during the filLing season. Embarrassing ques tinsl have :.o ni.,en be. sven the t wo Governnints in regard to Cel mI America. Great. 13itain is proposed toi ritte themt b an aieble arr.meient, and onr lini,ter at Lotdon is instirctel to enter into e'gotintion4 Onl Ithat sulbjet. A conintiaion fr adjusting the claims of ont itirens against Gieat Britain, aid tioe of BM it. h1 Subjecis aga inst the United State-, or:miized nder te eonvention of' the 8--h1 of Febu 11r last. I n0W sitting in London for the trasaetion of inmess. With France onr relations continue on the! iat friendly (nlotin. The extenisive conm ree aetW&4e'ln tile Lnjied States :andt1 that country i.ght. it is eonived. lie released from somle imeces'arv restriction, to the nitial admian age of both pariies. Wit h a view tI Ihis object. ome progress hIas beten tiile in tgti iin- :i reaty oft commt~'ee an d mnavigat ion. lIidepiendeity uof our v'al .ale t ride witht spaint, we h;e importat politienl re'lit ians niih her, growin~g oitt oif our tneighborhiood to lie lsbnda of Cuba anid Porto Rico: I m lpy' ~ tnnouce that siiirn the last Ciongress to attemipts have been ma~d'. bay ttntu.hlor7.zed .xpe'ditions within the Unaited $ a'es, asginst -it her oft t hose colonies. Shionid( any mtovettent iie muanifested within our limtits. mli the tmans a tmy commn:md will be vaiorously exerted to1 -epress it. Sev'erah annoy'aing oeir arr'ecs have t iaken plee it lmivania, or in the t icinity of I le iahmd s.f l'uba, between our cit izetns aiid tie Spaniush tut horities. Cotnsiderin~g thle pros umity of thait [sland to or shore-lying ais it do--s in the track of tr.de between soone of our principal ,ities-aiid thle susiiouus vigilanice wi.hi which roreignittecurse, partienhtart)y t hat watithI te United Staites. is there guarded. a repe'tit ion of sUehl orenrrenc.es tmay well lie appieheiiaed. A s ito diplomtat ie imit ercounr-e is :allowed taet weenl in r Consul at H an':a ne m ad t he 'aipmtain Ge..eral rif Cuham. ready exphoiintionts catnnot lie miade. All coump iit on the part or our citizens, tinder presentt mtrmugmtient must be, in thle tirst pinee, piresented to this Government, atid t heni referred to: Spaini. Synaint aglain ref'ers it to heir la'cni an tthoorities in t '.uba for investigat ion. amnd post-. ponles :n ansuver mill she has hmeard from liaise intthoritie's. To avoid these irri ma inmg :mnmd vexa tions delays a propositiomn has beet:naisde to pro vide for a direct appeal f'or redress to the Cmap tain Geiteral, by our cosnset. iin behalf' of omur iijured I'ellsaw eitizenus. liithuerto the Goverr' menmt oft Spmain has deiclinled toa eniter into anyi sinch :arranmge'mtent. Thnis coturse ont her puart is deeply regirett ed: for, " ithtot somtle arranfgeimtett of' thi's kiud, the good tunderstmandinmg het ween the two countries maay he exposedl to 0eC asiuan aF~ interruption. Our' Mimnister att Madr'id is imi strutcted tat reniew time propiositioan, amid tam paress it nIninl uder the consideration of her Catholic Majesty's Gove(rnmtent. For sce'eratl years Spain huas been enl'imng the attenitionm of' this Governtment to a claim fair los ses by emioe of he'r subhjects in the case of te schooner Antistad. This cimn is believed to rest on time sibligat ions imnposed by our existing trenity with that coutry. Its jmtstiace was mit ted in our dilmiei correspondence with thie Spanisht Govermnment, as early as March, 184'7; and onem of myv predeessors ill his annnaiml nies sage of that 'ear, rec'ommuended that proviisain should be made fair its paymnent, Int Januarj last it was againi submitted tai Ciangress by tile Executive. It has receit ed a fauvorbile consider ation by conmmittees of' both biranchmes, butL am yet there hais bseen no final netioni Upon it. I contceive thtat good faitth requlires its prompt ad justent, and I present it to your early amid fau vorable coitsideration. Martimn Kosta, :a Hnngarian byi birtht, came to this country itn 1850, aind declared his itenlmion, in due froma of law, to become a citi'zent of thae United States. Afte'r remsaning here ntearly two year.s, he vai-ited Turkey. Whiile at Smyr .na he was forcibly seized, tatken oat board of ar ; Austrian brig of wvar, then lying~ in te htarbor 01 that place, amid there conflied ini ir'ons. with th< avwddsgn of taking haim into time domin ons of Austria. Our Conisul at Smiyrmta alit Igation at Constantinop trposed for-htis release ", but their efforts w! Vetnal. While 11u.% imprisoned. Commm. it ruhatn, With the Unia:d States siip of ii. Lois, nrrived at. Smyrna, and,after inqui z finto the circum stanee. ' the ease, cane i o conclusion that Kosta wt entiLtled to the p iotmn of this Gov. ernment, md took energe u Jkd promptrmens. ires for his release. Uundel rrangeuent be. twee4iin the agents of the States and of Aiistri lie w.ta transferred' t eustody of the Freiich Con.,ul General at 'rna, there to ro. min until-he should be dis" uf by the mu. tu i areement of the Co'is I ie respective goveri:ients at that plsee. rsuint to that ireeeniit, lie has imen rel and is now oil hs bonds to the iiited Stn TThe Emperor of Anstra has made the con4 of our oflicer4, who took part in this trusto. n, subject of grave com1plaint. Regarding szto s .still hlis subject, and ehtiminiug the righ seize him wi.h inl the limit of the Turkish 'Z),pire lie i:s de. marded of this Government conent to the siirrender of the prisoner, a ivowal of the nets of its agenits, aid sat ishsfta for the ailez ed u'r.oge. Afler a enreI .4onside-ation of the cawe. f cie to the cone ion th:t K.stia w;0s seized wit hot legal nu ity at Smyrna iht he was wrongifully detuni oil honrd oif the Ansto rian brig of war; that, e time of his seizure. he was clothed with.- naionali.y of the Uni ed States; and that ets of our eirs. tunder the eircunistuinee4 tile eise, were jtistifi:ble; and their condue ' been fully np. proved by ie. and a complia ith the sever. al demand. of the Emperor o uStria has been deetine~d. In 11.2 an expediion was to Japan, uin der the command of Cotumit4e Perrv, for the purpose of opening commerciss -tereoitrae wi h tha islmd. Intelligence has n received of h's arrival there, and of hi< ht made knownI to ti..- Emperor of Japan the ii t of his vi-it; but it is iiot yet ascertained I for the Empe. ror will be disposed to abahi Jus restrictive policy, and opien that popiulot, eimintry. to a commercial intercourse with ti - nited States. It b:s been mt earnest dej to maitain friendly intereiiirse with the o eirnment. is up fill ithis coniiient, and to aid t stin preserving goid it iderstanding amoing t selves.- Wiith .\exico a dispute has -arien ;Is ie true bijiun darv line beitween our territory 1 New Alexico an I the Mexian State of Chihll a A former Comtmitsioner (if the United ' ",; employed inl rumiing thait line, pursuant. the treaty of Gus d h.p.- Idalgo, nmde a 4 itus mis :.k in determniniIig the iini ial pliint on Rio Grande; b 11, ini:asmihasl h11 is dreciio: .c % hirly a de p :rtnre t in the directions tor tiring the lo-.! dary emiained in that treaty, dit was not eon ctnrr, d in by the Surveyor :ppoizned on the part of tih Uited States, whose e6iieurrem. neecesvsrry to irive validity to th'tdeci.si Governmiet i< not concluded.Terib b of lexicii takes a ditferent viiier' the Thir., are al.o other questio Vo'as. tiols tn :dlnst Item. Conisiderinig the vast regions of this ci and tUie imber of States which would h - ieee-ihle by tlie free navigation of th . Anizonu, partienlar attention has been given Lit h is ,u-ject. Brazil, through whose territories' i es into the ocean,. has hitherto persisted in a policy so restrictive in regardit) the use of ti i, river nas to obistrtct, aind neirly excluivde. foreiit commercial interconrse with the Siates, whicih lit. u;-on its iribniaries and upper branch. vs. Our Mlinister to that couitry is instrieted to obit:in a relanation of that policy. and to use his effirts to idinuee Ohi Brazilian Governmuent to Openi tIo coiiiiioiii use. iider proper saetguards, ihis great niluri highway for international tr.ide. I ai happy to inform you that the Republic oh Paragnuav and the Argent inc Confederation have vined to the liberal piiicy sill resised by Brazil, in rg:ard to the i:vigable rivers within their respective territories. Tre:ities embrintw this suhject anionir others have been negotiated with thi-e Goverinents, which will be submit. tedl to the Sinaie at the present tission. A new branch to i re, iipontaint to the :gr'etni ural interests of tihe United Staites, hias, wuhii ai few years paist, been oipenied with Peru. Notwil h--taniding~ the iniexhu'stib.le deposits o1 gn tno upon theis islanids of thle couativy, conswider bhle ditiihy is experienuced in obinsining tihe requiisite supp'y. 31eas'ures haive been tauken to reimove these diflieities, and~ to secnre a more abu- it iimportatiion of thel article. Unfort un ntelv, there hi:s been a serious collision between ou r citi zens wtho have resorted to the Chsineha is lani'ls for it aind the Peruvian autthorities station ed thire. Rtedres.s for tile oiutrages c*ommuit ted bsv Ithe hitter was prottly demianded by our Mini ter atL Lim1. TIhis subject is now tunder conuidieraition, and there it. reason to believe that Pernt is disposed to otfer adegnate Iudemnity to the agrgrievedh pa r ies. Weare thus no:: only at peace with nll foreign coiuntries, but inl regard to politicail affairs,nare ex empilt trom any cause of seriouIs disquietude in our di.mestic relaitions. TPhe contirovu r its which have agitated the the ciuntry therciotore are palssng awauy with the caseas 'ihi produced them and the passionus whuichlu hey had awakened~t ; ~or, if any traes (it their remaliins, it may be reasona~bly hoped that iL will only be peree'v,:d in the zealous rivalry otfuall good citizens to testil'y their respect for the righ: sotf the Siates, their devotiosn to the Union, and th eir common dete'rmination..that eaich one of the States, its institntions, its welfare alnd its domcestie peai5c, shall be held :like secure unider the sacred wegi's of the constitust ion. ITh' reporut of the Secretary of the Treasury w'ill exhibit in detail thte state of the public finian ees, anid the conditioin of the vasriouts brantches of the public service admninistered by that depart. menu of the Government. The revenlue of tihe ecenntry levied almosit in sen-ibty to the tax payer, goes oin from year to year iscreaisinge beyond eithuer the interests or ihe prosptective wnints of Lhe Government. At the close ohf the fiscal year ending JTune 30, 185:2, there remained in the Treastury a balance of fourteen million six hundred and thirty-two thousanuI one htudredl and thiirty-six dolhtra. Tfhe public revensue for the ti-cal. year .endisng June 30, 1853, amaounted 5.o titty-eight million uine hun rdred and thirty-one thousand eight hundred and sixty-five dollars from eustonms, and11 to two million four husndred and live thou. sand sevenl hundred and eight dollars from pub. lie lands aid other miscellaneous sources, asmoiuntinig iogethen to iixty-oune million three hundred a~nd thtirty-sevein thsousandic fve huisined and seve.nty-fouir dollars; wldite thse publie cx. pendituores for thue same period, exclusive of pay. mnents on anecounit of the public debt, amounted to forty-three million five hunudred and fiftv-four thonwsa'nd two hundred and sixty-two dollars; leaving a balance of thirty-two million four hun. dred ansd twenty-v~fe thousanld fotur hundred and forty.setcin dollars of receipts above expendi' Thsfact of increasing surpltus in tbe Trea surny becaime the stubject, of :snxious considern Lion at a tvery early period of my Admini-tra tion, nnd the path nf duty in regard to it seemnet 'ti me olivions and cleair, namely: first, to apptj the surplus revenne to thle di-eharge of the pnp lie debt, so far as it could judiciously be done :.nd swondly, to devise means for te gradua reduction of the revenue to the standard of thb public exigencies. or these objects the first has been in tht course of necompliiment, in a manner and to r degree highly satisfactory. The amount. of the pnblic debt, of all classes, was on the fourth o March, (1853, sixty-nine million one hundreC and ninety thous:and and thirty-seven dollars Ilayimlents on account of which have been made since that period, to the amount of twelve mil. lion seven hundred and three thousand three hundred and twenty-nine ddlars ; leaving on paid, and in tihe continnous course of liquidation, the suln of liftv-six million four hundred and eighty-six thousand seven hundred and eight do~lhrs. These payments. al hough made at the tarket price of the respective classes of stocks have been efi-eted readily, nd to the geceral ndvant:ige of the Treasurv, and have at. the same time proved of signal utility in the relief they have incidentally affioriled to tle money market and to the industrial and commercial pursuits of the counirv. The seeimd of the above.mentioned objects, that of the re'duction of the tarilf, is of great im portane, and the plat sugested by the Sere tary of the Treasurv, whieb is to rediee the du ties on certain articles, and to aid to the free list many articles now taxed, and especially such a4 enter into manufactures, and are not largely. or at all, prodceed in the country, is commended to your eandid and careful consideration. You will find in the report tof the Secretary of the Treasury also abundant proof of the eitire adequacy ofthe present fi&cal systen to tmeet all the requiremients of the public service, and that, while properly administered, it operates to the advantage of the community in ordinary business relations. the exciting of vain hopes, and the disappoint ient of cherished expectations. There is one subject of a doitnesti nature, which from its intrinsic importance, anIId tle many initeresting questions (or futuru policy whihli it involves, eannot. fail to reeive your early attention. I alluded to the mcann< of com. tmlunincation, by which different. parts of tle wide expanse of our country are to be placed inl closer connexion for purposes both of deence and commercial intercourse, and more espciAlly sueh as appertain to the conmuien ion of those great divi.,ions of the Unuion which lie on the opposite sides of the Rocky Mountaini. That the GJoverinmen has not been unmindful of this heretofhire. is apparent from the aid it hIs afforded, through approprintions for mail facili ties and other purposes. But the general sulject will now present itself uler aspects more imp - sing and i. re purely national, by reasons of the surveys ordered by Congres1, aId now in the process (of completion, for comnonication by railway across the 'o* . . ' --. . . .... ..msand pro t-et harbors of relu e. To appropriations by Conagr-. s for snch objects no souid objections can be r tised. IIappily for our country, i:s penceful policy and rapidly increasing Ioilulationi impose n111111 its no urgent neces.sity fIr preparation, and leave but few tracless de-erts between assailable points and a patriotic people ever ready and gen ernlly able to protect theta. These neeess:iry links the enterprise and energy of ur people are stendily and holdly struggling to, supliply. All experience allirms that, whatever piivate en terprie will avail, it is niot wise for lie Gene ral Government to leave to that an individnai watchfulness the location and excettion of all ismea of colmini iicationi. The surveys before alluded to were de.signed to iseertain the most practicable and econoismica:l route feor a r:ilroad from the river Missis-ippi to the Pacifie oesnn. Parties are now in the field, making explorations where previ. us examina ions hadl inot supplied sullicicnt data, and where thter.: was the best reasons to hope the obhject souight might be foitud. The meanas anmi time butfi being limited it is not to be expected that all the neeurate kniowledge desired would be ob tained, bttt it is hoped thiat muneh and important information will be added to the stock previous lv possessed, anid that partiasl if not full reports o'f lie surveys ordered will be received in time for transmission to thie two Hlouses of Coungress, on or before the first Maundasy in February next, as required by the net oh :sppropriationi. The magnitude oft the enterprise contenmplated, hias nroused, and will doubt less continue to ex. eite a very general initerest thirsnighout the coun. try. In its political, its cotmmercial and its mnili tarv bearings, it has varied, great, and( increasuing cla~Ims to cotisideratiotn. The heavy expense1 the great delday, nnd, alt times, tatailityv attendingw tra vel by either of the isthmus routes, have demon' strated the nidvaotnaee which would result fron interterritOrbdm comniuication by sueh saife and ratp i mans as1 a rasitronid would slplty. These ditlienhies which have been encounter ed in a period of pnc, would be ma~gnified and~ still further increased ini time of war. Bunt whuilst lie enibarrassments already encountered. and othiers uder new contingfenclies to be aniticipa; tedl; niay serve strikingly to eaxhibit. the inpor lance of such a work, neither these, nor all con. siderations cominiiid, ennu have an appreciable vue when weighed :igainst the obligation strict ly to adhere to the Constitution, and faithfully t'o exentte the power it confers. I will only add, at piresent, that. fully appreei atiing the magznitude of the subject, and solici lons that the Atlantie and Pacifte shores of thi Republic tnay be bound togethser by inseparaihli ties of common interest, as well as of conimo.r fealty and attachment to the Union, I shall h< disposed, so f:ar as may own netion is concernedi to folloiw the lights of the Constitution, :ts ex pounded and ilustraited by those whose opinion and expositions constitute the stanidard of im: political faith ini regard to the powers of th Federatl Government. It is, I trust, not necessar to ay that no( graiideur of enterpirise iind tno pre sen t urgent inducement giromnising~ popular favor will lead mue to disregard those lights, or to de part from that paith wvhich experience hats prove to be safe, and which is now raidiant with thi glow oft prosperity anad legitimate constitutiona progress. We cain afford to wait, bitt we canny afford to overlook the ark of our security.' It is nio part of my purpose to give proniinene to any sutbject which may properly be regarde as set at rest by the deliberate judgment of th people. But, while the present is bright. wit pronmise, and the futture full of demand and ii ducetnent for Ite exercise of active initelligenec the past can never be withotut useful lessons admnonit ion and instruction. If its dalngers serv nt as beacons, they will evidently fail to full the object of a wise design. When the grave shall1 have closed over all wh are now enideavoring to meet the obligations duty, the year 1850 will lie recurred to as a p rinod filled with anxious apprehension. A sn< eessfutl war had jutst terminated ; peace brougi with it a vast augmentation of territory ; disturi ing questions arose bearing upon the domest i....i:,.ion. of nnae portion of the Conufedcrne and involving the cons'itutional rights of th States. But, notwithstanding diferences, of opinio L and sentiment which then existed in relation N details and specific provisions, the nequic.4cenei r of diistinguished citizens, whos, devotion to th i Union can never he donbted, has givent reiewe( vigor to our institutionts and restored a sense o repose and security to the public mind through -nt the Confederae. That this repose is to sut fer no shock durin' my official term, if I h:v power to avert it, those who placed me here maj be assnred. The wisdom iof men who knew what independe nee cost, who had put-idl at staka upon the issue of the revolutionary struggle disposed of the subject to which I iefer in thl ionly way consistent with the union of thes< States, iand with the march of power and pros perily which has made us what we aire. While men' inhibiting ditrerent parts of thi vast continent Cl no more be expected to hold the sane opinions or entertain the same senti ments than every variety of climate or soil car be expected to furnish the same agricultura produts, they can unite in a common object and ststain common principh-s essei ial to tile nin. tenance of that object. The gallant men of life South and the North conid stand together du. ring the strulggle of the Revolution; they could staid togtether ill the more trying period whiclh succeeded the clangor of arms. Among the objects meriting your attention will be important recnmmnnendatinis of the See. retaries of war and the Navy. I am fully satisfied that the Navy of the United States is not in it condition of'strength and efficiency cormmensu. rate with the magtitude of our commercial and other interests, and commend to your especial attention the suggestions made by the Secretary of the Navy. In the administration of the P.-st Office De partlmeit for the fireal year ending June 30, 1853, the aross expenditure was seven million nine hnitiisled and eighty-two thousand seven hindred and fifty-six dollars: and the gross re eeipts during the same period five million nine hundred and for'v-two thotsand seven hundred and thirty-four dollars; showing t6at the cur rent revenne failed to meet the current expenses of the Department by the sum of two millions forty-two thousand and thirty-two dollars. The ctuses whicb, under the present pOstal -ystE IN and laws, led inevitably to this result, rre fully explained by the report of the Postmaster Gene ral; oie great cause beitig the enormons rates the Department has been compelled to p:ay for mail service rendered by railroad companies. Numerons and tligrant frauds upon the Pen sion Bureau hiavinig been brought to liiht within tile last year, aid in some iistances, merited punishntes iiflicted: hnt of nfiruIttely. in that your early action relating to it i.s; most de sirable. iCongress. representing the proprietors of the territorial domain, and charged especially with power to dispose (if territory belonging to the United States, has, for a long course of years, baegintiing with the administration (if Mr. JelTer sain, exercis'ed the power to construct roads within tie Territories ; and there are so mainy an1d oabvilouts distinctiois between this exercise of power anid t hat (t' making roads within the States, that the former has never been consider ed sitbject to such objeclions to the latter, anl sinei mt:v now be considered the settled construe tion of the power of the Feder I Government tiponi the Subject. Our diploiiatic relations with foreign powers hive undergone no essential chaigre since the adjiiurnment of the latst Cotress. With some aif thie, qulestions of a disturbing chairaeter are still pending, but there :ire good rensima to be lieve that these may be amicibly adjusted. I commend to your favorable consideration lie mteni of getnitis of outr country, whlo. by thteir inva.nitionis anid discoveries in scienee anal art, have conutribuitedh hargely to the imiprovemients oh tihe aige, without, ini itany instainces', securing for themselves anyithinig like :in adeqtuate rewaird. F'or toalny interestitng detaiils uponl this snbiject, I refer you to tile aipprnpriaite reports, atnd e-pce einlly u'rge upon1 yoor eairly attenltionl, the appia renitly slighit but really imiportatnt moditicationt of existing laws therein suggesta.d. T he saulbject of intiernlal im provemienlts,Cleinime alike the jiterest anid good wvill of all, hais nev ertheles~s been the basis of much political dis. enssion, antd lhas stood as a deep graven line 01 div ision between statesmnen of etminent ability and~ patrio.im. The rule of strict constructiot of all powers delegatedl by the States to th< Getieral Goverinienit hmas arrayed itsef, frot timle to time, agaiinst the ratpid progress of ex peiiditutres fram the Naitiotal Treasury on work: of a locail chiaraicter within the States. Memora ble as an epoch ill the history of this sutbjec.t 1 the message of Pres~ident Jackson of the 27th o Maty, 1830, which met the systemi of intertitd im pro'vemlenits in its comnpalrative infaney ; but sa rapid htad been its growth that the pro~ ected tip propriatiomts in thait year for works aif this char nete~r htad arisen to the aharmiing amount of morn thati one hundred millions otf dollairs. UIvntat mesag the Presiadent adniitted thi diflicitlty of briniginig back the operations ofth Govenmet totheconstrulctiont of the consti ttin set up in i';98, and miarked it na an ad mni~ltor'y proof of the necessity of guardinig tha -instrumlient with sleepless vigilhmce against thi autthiority of precedents which had not the satic tioni of' its most plainly definied po wers. Our Government exists uinder a written corn Ipnet between sovereign States, unitinig for spe c.itie objects, and with specific grants to theti generail nient. It; then in the progress of it -adminiistritionis thvere havey been departures frotn the termis and intent of the compact, it is, ana ' ill ever be, proper to refer back to the fixe Sstandard which our fathers left us, and to mak Sa stern etyort to coniform 0our action to it. I - would seenm thtit the fact of a principle havin, Sbeen resistedl from the first by many ohf the wise. tt- u and ost patriotic mien of the reputbi.c, and Spoliey having provoked constant strife, withio I arrivfng at, a coniclusion which caii be regarde ias satisfactory to its most earnest advocate: t should suggest, the inquiry whether there ma not be a plati likely to be crowned by happit results. Without perceiving any sound distinction, eintendinig to assert any principle as opposed himprovemients needed for the protection of i -ternal commerce, which does not equtally appi , to imp rovemnents upon the seaboard for time pro teetioni of f'oreign commteree, I submit to y,' e whether it mity not be safely anticipaited that, hthei policy were once settled against appropri tions by the Genleral Government for local in o provetmenlts, for the benefit of commerce, locan f ties requiring expenditnres would not, by moda :-and means clearly legitimate and proper, rat the fund necesstary for such construcetions as 1 t saf'e'v or other interests ot' their commena i-might require. ie If that can be regarded as a system wvhich, e, the enerience of more thtant thirty years, has. e no time so commanded the public jidgment as to give it the character of a settled: polley i which, though it has produced some works ;Ua > conceded importance, has been attended with. an , expendifure quite disproportionate to their value, and has resulted in squandering large sums uporr I objects which have answered no valuable purr f pose, the interests of all the States require it to - be abandoned, unless hopes may be indulged foi the future which find no warrant in the past. With an anxious desire for the completion* -f the works which are regarded by all good citi zens with sincere interest, I have deemed it tny duty to ask at your hands a deliberate te con! sideration of the question, with a hope that, ani mated by a desire to promote the permanent and substanmial interests of the country, your wisdom may prove equal to the task of devising and ma turing a plan, which applied to this subject, may promise something better than constant strife. the sunpension of the powers of local enterprise, As their united valor was adequate to all. the trials of the camp and dangers of the field, sO 1 their united wisdom proved equal to the grest er task of founding upon deep and broad basis, institutions which it has been our privilege to. enjoy, and will ever be our most sacred duty to sustain. It is but the feeble expression of a faitih. strong and universal to sny, that theii sons, whose blood mingled so often upon the same field during the war of 1812, and who have more recently borne in triumph the flag of their country upon a foreign soil, will never permit! alienation (if feeling to weaken the power of their united effiorts, nor internal dise'nsions to paralyze the great arm of freedom uplifted for the vindication of self.government. I have thus briefly presented such suggestions as se..m to me especiully worthy of your con sider.ition. In providing for the present, you can hardly fail to avail Yourselves of the light which the experience of the past casts upon the future.. The growth of our population has now brought us, in the destined career of our national histo ry, to a point at which it well behooves us to expand our vision over the past prospective. The successive decennial returns of the cen sus since the adoption of the Constitution have revealed a law of steady progressive develop.. ment, which may be stated in general terms, as a dupliention every quarter-century. Carried for ward from the point already reached for only a short period (if time as applicable to the exis tence of a nation, this law of progress, if un checked, will bring us to almost incredible re stilts. Heretofore our system of Government has worked on what tn1y be termed a miniature scale, in comparison with the development which it must thus assume wit.hin a future so near at hand as senrcely to-be--hevond the present of freedom to nit a ...... nigon system of federative self-government of which it is our glorious, and I trust, immortal charter. Let us, then, with redoubled vigilance, be on our gniard agninst vielding to the tempta tion of the exercise of doubtful powers, even un der the pressure of the motives of conceded temporary advantage and apparent temPorary - exped'ency. Mlutual forbearance, respec, and non-interfer enee in our personal netion as citizens, and an enlarged exercise of the most liberal principles of comity in the publie dealings of State with State, whether in legislation or in the execution of laws are the neans to pe'petuate that confi dence and fraternity, the decay of which a mere political union ont so vast a scale could not long stirvive. In still another point of view is an import-nt practical dtty suggested by this consideration of the mtanitude of dimensins, to which our politi eNl systeU, with its cerresponding machinery of governent, is so rApidly expanding. With in cretsed vigilance does it require is to cultivate Ithe e.trdinal virtues of public frugality atnd offi Ieial integrity and puirity. Public affinirs ouight to be so conadected that a settled conviction shall pervade the entire Union that nothing short of the highest tone anid standard of public moraiity ma~rks every part of the administration and leg islation of the Genieral Government. Thtus will the federal svstetm, wvhatever exptnsion time and. progress may give it, coIntinnfe more and mnoro deepy rote inthelove and confidence of thec deoplyred. n h That wise ecotnomy, which is as far removed from parsimony as frotm corrupting extravagance; that single regairc for tihe public good, wvhiich will frown upont all attempts to appronch the Treas ury with insidious projects of private interest clo-aked tinder public pretexts; that sotund fiscal administratio'n, which, in the legislative depart. mnents, guardts against the dangerous temptationa incident to overflowing revenue, and, in the ex eeutive, maintains an unsleeping watchfulness Iagainst the tendetncy of all national expenditure to extratvagance-while they are admited ehe tmettary political duties, maty, I trust., 'e deemed as properly adverted to and urged, in view of the more impressive sense of that necessity which is directly suggested by the considerations now presented. Since the adjournmenit of Congress, the Vice President of the United States has passed from the scenes of earth, without having entered tip. on the duities of the station to which he had bieen called by the voice of his countrymen. Having occupied, almost continuotusly, for more than thirty years, a seat in one or the other of the two'H'ouses of Congress, and having by his sin gular purity and wisdom secured unbounded confidence and universal respect, his failing health was watched by the nation with painful sollicitude. His loss to the country, under all the circumstances, has been justly regarded as irreparab'e, In compliance with the act of Congress of t. March 2, 1853, the oath of office was adminis r tered to him on the 24th of that month, at Ari adne estate, near Matanzas in the Island of Cu ba;t but his strength gradually declined, and was t hardly sufficient to enable him to return to his j home'in Alabama, where on the eighteenth day , of A pril, in the most calm and peaceful wvay, his long and eminently useful career was termina r ted. Entertaining unlimited confidence in your in r telligetnt and patriotic devotion to the public in n terest, and being conscious of no motives on my. . part which are not inseparable from the honor and advanicement of my country, I hope it may .be myprivilege to deserve and secure, not only n your cordial co-operation in great public mecas Suebut also those relations of mutual confi .deuce and regard which it is alwnays so desirable -to cultivate between members of co-ordinate .branches of the Govertnent. s FRANKLIN PIERCE. e Wasuroox, I)ECEMBDER 5, 1853. eA barber pole pantalooned youth recently wvent oan a visit to his grandmothter in the count n try. and astonished her very much'by wearing. t such" p ated trowsersanway from home."