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From the South Garolinian. THE BANK-A PROFITABLECONCERN [Br REquEsT.) In our last number, in which we- ex amined into the profits of the Bank forthe last thirty-seven years, we staled that the institution still owed the State $1,353, 336 74. We have since had access to a document of authority-being a statement made by the Bank itself-the accuracy of which we are willing to acknowledge. That document enables us to correct an error. And the correction is in favor of the Bank. It is in regard to the stated - capital. It would appear that the stated capital from 1812 to 1848 arnoutted an nually, on an average, to only $1,032. 649 20, so that the btatemeut would be more accurate thus: "Debit the Bank with ]; Am'ts paid in as capital, $1,372,250 60 2. Interest on average capi tal, 2,601.275 84 3, Surplus revenue U. S. 1,051,422 09 4, Interept on do. for 11 years, 735,995 46 4. Railroad Bank dividends and interest, - 37.310 00 $5,799,283 89 Credit the Bank-with 1. Moneys paid into State Treasury and Interests, $643.106 61 2. Revolutionary 6's and 3's paid, 248,892 87 3. Interest on State Drht 1,849,750 45 4. State subscription to Rail - road, 200.009 00 5. Six per cents. paid 990.378 06 6. Five per cents, paid 744.523 54 Balance due State 1,122,632 43 $5.799.253 43 _ It would hence appear. according to this statement drawn from bank authority, that so far from the large surplus claimed as having been cleared by the Bank, it still owes the state $1,122,632 43, or did so at the last report made up to October, 1848. But, be itobservetl, that in this statement the Bank is not debited tith the fire loan bonds. Now, the Bank received vlte on those donls to the amount of $1,810, 253 37. In 1848 it held of those hoods $797.800 30. So that it was then answer able to the State on that account for S1, 012,453 01. If we add this amount to the balance above of 81.122,632 43. we have $2,135,085 44-exhibiting the true balance due the State in October, 1843. Where. then, is the round sum of surplus - . profits so triumphantly proclaimed by the advocates of recharter? As far as the ac count has gone, it does not appear, or, at all events, as far as we have yet had an account. We shall be told, it is to be shown in the funds now in the Bank, we - presume. We hope it may be so;-ir is for the interest of us all that it should be so. But we maintain that, as far as-we have been able to obtain information from the Bank through its published statements, it owes the State an amount far exceeding the original capital wherewith- the State endowed it thirty-seven years ago. We do not pretend to call in question the so lidity of the futids iri tts-p e sion. If they are all good; our impressionisthat - the Bank will meet alHit is charged wiih by State, and] pay its balance due the State. But that matter we have no wish forther'to enter upon at the present time. Our purpose is simply to show that the notion held out-thatthte Batnk has been, and is highly profitable to the State-ia. groundless. And, if we have in any wise shaken the faith of those whou have regar died that point as incontrovertitbly establish - d, our design is accomplishcd. Z. From the Colutnbia Telegrapht, Oct. 19. LATER NEWS FROMl TIlE EAST. AR~IVAL OF TnE STEAMtER NIAOARtA. * The Steamer IN.iagara arrived at Hali fax at a late hour on Tuesday evening, bringing L iverpool dates to the 6th inst.: LtvERPoc'L, Oct. 6. In Com~mercial affairs we have no ma terial or important changes to note sitnce * - advices by the Caledonia. *The Cotton markets exhibits the same state and the same prices as reported by the previous arrival. [For the information of our renders we repeat the quotations by the last and t wo previous steamers -Upland 45 a 56d ; Mo bile 5 a Sjd; Orleans.1 The Molney market had been a shade firmer. The probability of War betwveent Turkey and Russia has caused some fluc tuation int public securities. Later advices from Calcuitta to the 26'h of,August wvere more l'avorable in their commercial jaspect. Thte Potato Rot is rapidly spreading in Ireland. Russa Aan TuaRE.-Trhe probability of War between Russia and Turkey is the . leading topic in both the English aud French journals. The Turkish Government, seconded by - the English and French Ministers, per.. misted in its resolution not to deliver the * fugitive exiles-Kossuth and his compa triots-and in consequence of this, the - Russian Ambassador took his leave ab -'rutptly, and diplomatic intercourse betw'een the two powers- had thus been suspended. ' Pray Doctor, what is a horroscopel Why, madam; you perceive, thtat when the nocturnal hour has so far pro citastinated, by a superabundant appli, cations of the obganeous, accidulous peps pporine, mustardific components, of a *crustacce, piscatory salad, and veneous and alcholic accidents. that an undue expansion of the stomach integuments ensues, whtich in the course of its con -.stipating influence stigmatises the cele A brated functions, confuses the nervo-op tic system, and gives a scope to the hor-. rors. Widow Grizzle has an only sister ; - that sister is a widow also. * Her lora died lately of cholic. In the midst of his most acute bodily pain, utter the hand of death had toucheod him, and while writing in agony, his. gentle wife said to him: Well, Mr. Shylock, you needn't kick raound so and wear out the sheets, if yeu are dying. EDGEFIELD C. H. WrEDNESDAT. OCTOBER 24, 1849. J The Minutes of the Edgefield Baptist Association will be ready in the Clerk's Office, on Monday 29th instant, fur the Churches. - W. B. JOHNSON. Oct. 23, 1849. 0 We call attention to the communnication of Mr. George M. Blocker, in reply to "An old Planter'' in our last. 113 We call attention to the teports of the Commissioners of the Poor on the first page of our paper. U' A Gotoner's inquest was held on Sunday afternoon last, over a dead body a few miles below the village on the Aiken road. The body was that of a foreigner, unknown to any one in our midst. There was no appearance, we learn, of his having come to his death by violence. ti' The Rail Road litre from Columbia to Charleston, and we pResume, from Hamburg to Charleston, has been reduced to five dollars. 117 B. F. Perry, Esq., of Creenville, has been recently elected to fill the vacancy in the House of Representatives (St'tte Legislature,) occasioned by the death of Edward H. Earle, Es, 07 We ate gratified at the imptovement making by our contemporaries. and we would come forth ourselves in a new garb, if our de. linquent subscribers could be induced to help us in the effoart. While out enterprising neigh bors are enabled to advance, shall we alone be forced to a stand-still for the want of prompt patronage ? Our list of subscribers is a lengthy one; our outgoings are abundant; but our incomings are few and meagre. Under these circumstances, is it strange, that we should make no improvement ? Or is it remarkable that we should cull for Reform ? The prompt payment of their dues by our fairng subscri bers would enable us much better to fulfill our duties to the community, by increasing our means for spreading information and by giving .nore character to our Journal. And this is a matter ofsome importance. The District is as much interested in the reputation of her public :organs, as she is in the reputation of her public men. If she take pride in one, she should take pride in the other-if both be worthy of pride. Both contribute to her character, both to her wolfire. Both deserve, therefore, prompt and efficient patronage. It should be the aim of a Journalto ngke itse.wostly.fpthepub'a. o Tucb .rofijeslo'.belthe.organ. i it. unaidcd efFurts will avail littlo in accomplishing this purpose. From its very character, it needs the constant and firm support of the intelligent and public spirited citizens of the community. Without this, like all other public enterprizes. it must fail. W~e, therefore, appeal once more to the generosity of our patrons; we invoke the aid of the District ! (0- A rumor has foundl its way into some of the Northern papers, that M r. CALrnOUI intends to resign his seat before the sitting of the next Congress. It-is not known whence the rumor started; but it was first discovered in a North crn Journal. The wish was no doubt father to the thought. It would be doubtless highly gratifying to the great body of Northern Free soilers for Mr. Calhoun to retire. One of the great Pillars which supports the Temple of Southern rights would then be removed, and it would be an easier task for these vandalic enthusiasts to accomnpliih their work of do'. struction to Southern liberty. In view of this wished-for event, they already begin to augur favorably to the " cause of freedom." Already in the vista of the future they see the " chains of slavery " let loose. Already they behold freedom achieved for the wchole human race. Verily the resignation of Mir. Calhoun would be cause of jubilee to these daluded fanatics ! Hear the National Era on the subject : o Ina view oF all this, it were hypocrisy in us to say, that the retirement of Mr. Calhonn would be a loss to the Senate: it would be a decided gain to the Senate, to the coutry, to the cause of freedom. Courtesy binds us to treat an opponent honorably, and to award to hint whatever may be due on the score of abil ity or integrity, but it does not bind us to mourn over his retirement from a position .where he is nothing but an obstacle to the progress of prin ciples regarded by us as sacred." But is is our pleasing task to undeceive these wvild dreamers in their illusive hopes. On good authority, we learn, that Mr. Calhoun does not yet intend to resign. And our constant and fer vent prayer, is, that he may long be kept from the necessity of taking this step. But when that tunfotunmate event does arrive, let not nur Northern confedernrtes be too confident of suc cess in carrying ont their obnoxious principles. We have another giant form, (atnd we may have others still) who has stood side by side with Mr. Calhoun in the Senate Chamber, battling for our rights, and supporting by his massive strength the noble temple of our liberties Should he lose his noble compeer. he will still stand in his owen might, to beat back our North ern invaders. 'lie will still cling to the pillars of the temple of our liberties, and if it must fall he will perish amid the ruins.' Let not Northern fanaticism, thierefore, be too sanguine in its horrid work of butchery and destruction. I nsprovemnent, The Calama a Telegraph, the South Caroli-. naian, and the.4iderson Gazette, all come to ns much improved and .enlarged. Surely the dai ly Journals at therCapital of cur State may now well clann rank among the first daily pa. pers at the South. W~e experienqe a feeling of pride in- knowing that they deaerve this rank. We exult in their reputation; for they reflect honor and credit upon the Stata-theob Plank Roads, Specimens of these Roads hai seen laid h down near Hamburg, by the enter tiing citi- a zens of that Town, and we learn t t they are- n the theme of admiration by all whohive trav elled over them. Why are efforts ot made at once to obtain stock for the whole pad? The experiment hss been made, and hI'sucteeded to the satisfaction of all. Let us Atliwith bd gin the work. Canada, An address signed by large nut1bera of the t Canadian people, has been publiahed, propo- g sing, with the consent of the Eng i.Govern' ce ment, annexation to the United $tes. _-ltis c proposed to divide Canada into the 5tates I an East, West anl Central State o hay } them admitted on a fnoting with tht! States of the Union. -We may have soi ting- fui ther to say on this subject in fdturr Political. The probability of a war with 'Ji key. and I Russia in cmaseqnence of the per nptory re fusal of the former power to surren& Kosisuth; and other Hungarian patriots, wa uch dis- i cussed in the English and French Jfrnals. It is said that Turkey is sustained in .epoition I by both England and France. - The ltussian Ambassador took arupt leave of Constantinople, and the Ministerbad closed all diplomatic intercourse with the Gsvernment. Calhoun & Webste,: These two distinguished statesmepate about to appear before the public as authots A trea tise on the elementary principles of govern ment, and the constitution of the Utsted States. from the pen of Mr. Calhoun, willieso issue, it is said, from the Press of the Harpers It is, likewise,: confidently statedj that' Mr. Webster ;s engaged in writing. story of Washington's Adiministration. These works, on subjects so highlyititeresting and useful, coming from men of so'greatabili' ty, cannot fail to awaken the higltexpecta tions. It is sincerely hoped, that amid-the la mentable shallowness of the large mass of the writings of our countrymen, we are atlength to I have some at once profound and pracl ul.aOur people are wonderfully averse to a1'rusespec ulations, and some have already expresscd the fear that Mr. Calhoun's work will deal largely in abstractions. We trust it will. Tojbe prop, erly executed it must. We trust " titin the composition of his Treatise, he has tot yielded to the popular taste of the day, and discussed his subject in a light and superficial manner for the sake of mere applause. .A higbergobject is I before him. lie is writing for posterityon the most interesting of all suhjects, in n pblitical point of view. And it is a subject, tobe hand led properly, requiring deep and abssracUtought -rigid analysis-and dose argumnt. The theory or science of government, is t astudy for the lounging chair, or the tea ialb. It demands masterly application, and profound thought. Let not the public, then expect a book from Mr. Calhnn, which ca read, as the many idle fictions of the da w t pause, or iont miation.. .as pare' fora 'rk; cleaf, comected and pr fonid, and which, to te mastered, will require hours of pa tient study and sobuer thought. Fort THtE ADVERTI9ER. MR. I DTOR :--l saw, in your last .numr her, ihe request of tan "Old Planter." tsr information, in regard to the qjuality of, my land, the mannerofplantinc and culaivating mny crop of corn, together with my mannaer of measuring both the corin and the hand upon which it grew. As the reqnest intimates douht with respect to a staiement which nplieared inna previous number of yonr paper, I shall comply with it more fully. The landi, which cost me about eleven dollars and iwenty-five cents per acre. lies on Turkey Creek. adjoining lands nf Felix Lake and others, and is esteemed very ferti!e. My manner of cultivating my con does not differ materially from that of many other plnaters, unless it be in ridgin2 early and ploughinug deep, I comineucaa ridg ing. according to my present recollectioni. in the latter part of January. The 28 acres specially alluded to. .had been for three successive years. planted in cotton ; consequently I pursued the counse~ unusual to myself, of ridging up early for corn, in order that the. cotton leaves and stalks might decompose before planting time. I ridged rmy la.,d after the followinagmanner, with senoters and t wisters longer than such ploughas are usually made, the twisters also, being sharp pointed. I laid Li this land with the scooters, followinug in the same furrows with the twisters. I had two furrows thrown together over the gench thus made, which orined a deep, btat the sanme time, a broad ridge at the hase, gradually narrowiang towards the top so as to prevent the laud from baking by rain and sun. The land remained in this condition until planting time, when I had the ridges opened by both scooters and twisters, longer thtan the first. I thetn planted the corn, throwving two furrows on it, and knocking off the top with a board. I jpresume the plant w'as. from six to eight inches high, when I began to break up tho mididles. I had it ploughed twice afterwards, the last time deeper then the first. From the depth of the laist plough ing, my Overseer expressed serious appre hensions, that my horses would be killedi. My measurement.of the land was by fre' quently stepping it seventy steps square, to give my hoe bands their tasks, whilst it was cultivated in cotton. This is the usual mode with us. The piece is con Bidered, by some in the neighborhood, not to contain so many acres las represented. 1 am ready, however, to measure it with "an old Planter," in any way he may suggest. If-he please, I will also measure the corn with him. The mode by which myself and others, measured the corn was by guaging the crib, and also, by measuring the wvaggon body in which it was hauled. The acre that yielded the 80 bushels, was measured by myself and Mr. Felix Lake, hy stepping seventy steps squaere. Refference can be made to Mr. L. and the Overseer, in regard to the fact of the actual quantity being' gathered from the one acre specified. . -- Te ra.. or ,the 28 .a,... ...e..ur. -feet ide, and the grain about one foot and a alf in the drill. From eight acres of the mo land I shall endeavor, next year, to take 640 bushels. Does my friend," an Old Planter," es mer me too sanguine? G.M. BLOCKER. OAS FonEsT. Oct. 19. 1849. FOR THE ADVERTISER. No. XVI. Thle same subject Continued. We say it is of the nature of Reform. >preserve and to improve. What now are Dme. of its objects ? It may refer to orreeting defects and abuses in govern nent; or, to the bettering of public opin rn and of the morals, manners and customs f.a people. First, as to reform in government. If a adical defect be clearly thought to exist in ie fundamental organic law of a state. t is the part of wisdom to reform,' if, in uring the-defect, no evil is likely to result o'overbalance the good to be effected. lence before taking the stops of reform, it viii be necessary to weigh well the nature nd extent of the evil: then,- the remedy reposed : and afterwards thefefects of the hange. If the evil he serious, and the emedy-be thought suflicient, yet, if the onsequences likely to ensue from the hange will, in reasonable probability, lead o evils, greater than those, this correction f which is designed, the genuine Refor' ner will long hesitate before adopting the hange.' If, for example from a profound tnowlcdge of the human h'rt, and of the haracter and tendoncy of the institutions tf his country, he becomes convinced, that mn important change, wrought in the fun. lamental organie law. will so weaken ir he rninds of his countrymen, affection fot he existing gevernment, as to open the way to repeated changes, tending ulimate y to destroy its blessings altogether-he ili exert the might of his influence tc tay the innovation. He will rationally :onclude, it were better to subn t on lefect, or to one striking incod gc' ha'i to run the risk of upsetting the whole abric of his constitutional liberties. The :xperienee ofthe world teaches the fearfu Jangers of innovating upon the fundamen. al laws of a state-especitlly when the3 ire embodied in a written constitution Founded usually in wisdom and pur. y of intention, these laws can seldom he eplaced without great evil. In nll guy ratnents of a free character, political par. ies, governed by a variety of interest ad passions, are sure to arise, effectually rcventiog, in the adoption of laws, tha risdom and impartiality so necessary t :oustttute the organic structure of govCrn neut. Changes inttoduccd under party 'eeling and excitement (and after the lony :ntinuence of government nearly all chan. ;es are of this kind) are almost certain tc >rtake-of party bias, and to alTect som< terests-much more favorably than others he dominant party will be apt to guars tnd favor its own interests, even at- the :xponse of the interests of the weaket party. In other words, the change is sure o be the work of faction. This is a priri :iple of human nature that may be.ieferred o with certainty. All history attests its truth. All history proves, that. in the suc :eeding administration of government, it it elmost impossible to bringi into actior he satme disiuterestedness of feelittg-the ame patriotic atnd benevolent design. thal rughlt in its lfurniation. T1he wyork o he sages that usually prepare constitutiotn ii charters, is neatly always free frorn ~atio-is generally the re'ult of cool de iheration, of sober reflection . atnd philan hropic design. Hence the great wisdon >f their productions ; and htetnce arises tin 3otion of some great writrs*, - that thJz reservation of states depends upon ttl nore than reforming and bringing then ~ack to their ancient customs." T here is ;reat wisdom in the remark ; and it is wor hy (If special observation that the earli istory of all nations is tmost temarkabbi or indlividua'l and political liberty. Near y all charters of rights and liber ties oh ained in the succeeding history of nations rne little more than acknowledgements o Zfncirntt rights ! True wisdom, therefore, teaches us t< tld on to these originally secur~ed rights No good, but great danger is to be expect ad iy chnging them. T.lhe trtte patie thoulId not give way to the rash spirit ir tie community which urges him to this :hange- It is not fit to carry out the 'ishes of a faction, when tbat t'action con titutes even the majority of the people sgainst important charter rights. Al power, it is true, belongs origitnally to the people. atnd' all law ful govcrnments resi upon their authority; and the people, oj eonsequence, have the right, if dluly exer. ised, to reclaim the power they hayt granted, and to convey it in another form his cannot be questionted; but by reasut af te awful dangers likely to ensue, hon' long should a people pause before takirig O fatal a stop? Experience clearly pointt at the itnminetnt risk. The powers origi. r~ally granted, in our -constitutions, were delegated by the people in their politica sovreign capacity : in primary conventions ully represetnting the jnterests of all, anc actuated by the good of the whole-noi knowing yet which interest, under the aperaion of the new government, would be predominant, and throwving, therefore alutary safeguards around each and every ne. Rules fur Legislative action th'ui formed will certainly be better adapted t< the maintetnance of a nation's rights anc liberties, than the interested conclusions o a prevailing faction; and hence to yielt the former to the clamorous demands a factious majorities would he as unwsise al fatal. to all rational liberty. As to reform in the mere laws or legis lative acts of a state or unation, though lesa imporlant in its effects, n hien not conflict ing with constitntional provisions, wve art bound to believe there are many erroneon. views which desetve to be corrected. I is thought by many that laws should be changed merely to gratify clamors fron the people or a portion of the people with out any reference to -the merits of thi change. Nothiung wouid.sooner put an eni to all real'liberty. We believe wvhen thi people with sorne sort of umanimity ser ously and deliberately demand change, should lie made by those for the time hold ing legislative power, unless by spreadin information a change may bo effected il eMachinalli and Lord Bacon. public sentiment ; but wet ill not grant, that laws, which are. impartial-and cxpe dient-whicht iine has siown, to operate for the good of the-whole anil for. all alike should be altered to gratify the-peculiar tastes olUfe( w malcon:ets. or to suit the fauciful' biins of a visL4:faction;: The law maker should be allowed: toa aercise his own-wisdom andjudgment.:And he should always have" $ii icriterions of. judicious legislation-=vii:ihis constitu lion, and an ample fund of sound, practical knowledge suited to the nature of -his duties, From a 'proper use of these he will, in general, be enabled to judge of the expediency and ellicacy of laws; for laws,. like any oilier rules of human conduct, have their practical tests. by which their eliTeet or teiddency may be judged. That is a good law, says 'an eminent Philosopher,' "which is (1) clear and cer tain in its seuse-(2) just in its command -(3) commodious in the execution-t4) agreeable to the constitution-aud (5) pro ductive of vittue in the subject." Any important failure in a law to fulfill these requisitions may provoke the idea of change; but it would certainly be unwise to repeal a law, proper in itself, merely because some slight inconvenience may attend its .corking. It would be folly to attempt to reform every abuse or inconve nience in society. In the present state of human imperfection this is utterly unat tainable. Shall the Legislator, therefore, undertake to repeal laws, which fur 'years havo worked well, simply for the purpose. of trying to introduce better, or to seenre some~imlaginlarTy good? These arc nice pointii foirehim. to weigh..hey require matured jtidgmei! t lHIterition. Many wise men have maintained; "that ancient laws which are good, are preferable to new ones though beller."t And :history seems to favor this notion. The laws of Sparta were, in many respects, highly inconvenient and rigid; yet Sparta was prosperos ad tl owerful, and fell only when these laws t.-ere changed. So of the Republic of Carthage. and so of Crete under the wise laws and institutic na of Minos. The tvelve Tablee of Rome were not only severe, but terrible: yet du ring their existence Rome-g.ew in power and prosperity. nod sunk into despotism and decay. after innovation had made se rious inroads upon these plain laws. The above remark is founded, also, upon a correct principle of human nature. Laws generally produce happiness and prosperity, when they are cheerfully obey ed; and minds properly tutored are always inclined to esteem the laws and customs of their ancestors. There is, perhaps. no quality of the human heart more striking in its effects 'han this. We instinctively look hack to the days of our Fathers for all that is holy in principle and revered in wisdom. Legislators have been 'evell aware of this principle in human nature, and found it necessary.in establishing new laws, through a want of this ancestral feel ing, to refer their laws to a Divine origin. The lesson was first taught to Moses on the Mount of Sini, and afterwards put in practice by Minos, Lycurgus, Solon, Ro milus, Mahomed. and others. -l eti we ftrthier copsider the great difficulty of--bringihgerr [i"ivs into prad tical operation, and the-danger of repeated changes. anarchical in tlietr tendency, from a mwant of deep, abiding respect for. existing laws-little doubt can exist as'-to. the truth and wisdom of Aristotle's remark. The laws, then, in successful operation, and answering very wsdl the legitimate Iends of society, should be reluctantly given up, even n hien, on a prospective view, a greater good may be'expected by the change. As a generul rule it is wvise to let well alone. If latws be just and equal, the great en:is fotr which they are instituted have been attained: for 'ljtstice is thte fundametntal virtue of political soecety ; and laws are instituted to declare what is just."f Secondly, as to reform in bettering pub lie opinion, or the morals of a people. To direct his attentin to these objects is the high duty as well of the political, as of the moral reformer. Thte first meatns to be ttsed, is moralsuasion; and then, legi'sla. tive etnactment. The legislation of a cotin try bas a direct and immediate influence upon the morals atid matnners of a people. Otne great writer j nays, " Laws opcrate as practical principles of moral action." A nd another ! writes, "good laws make good manners." These remarks are almost self evident; for the daily practice of execu., ting laws, will soon -form habits, which at otice give rise to rules of morality. Trhe Reforme- wvill. then, feel it obligatory so to frame the legislation of his countty as to correct abtuses in moral action, and to give a healthful tone to public sentiment. In the langtuage of Lord Bacon. "all Icws shouN' be produclive of virtue in thre People." But the political Reformer may exert a happy influence upont morals and manners, and public oplnion, not otnly by legislation, but to a -great extent in a more private capacity. In all his various relations in life-in his daily conversations-in' his public discourses-in his wvritten comma. nications : he can labor earnestly andi ef fectively 'to correct public _sentimenit on political tantiers, morals and customs. Our idea of a genuine Reformer may nowv be summed up in a few words. He is an intelligent pattiotic citizen, wvho will strive per petually to snstaini, in its parity, the C'onstitution of his country ; wvho will judiciously correct abuses and ineonverti ences in legislation , but cannot be carried away by every effort at innovation ; who will legislate to promote virtue in the peo ple ; who wvill carry his principles of re form into the walks of private life-laboring earnestly itn his oral and written discourse to suppress evil habits and opinions, and to elevate the moral and political tone of his contrymen! ONE BOF TIJ!: PEOPILE. *Loi-d Bacon. t Aristotle, SSt. Latmbert. MWE.Amcor.-We regret to learn that Mr. Lewis Mathews, 16young. man about I twenty .years of age, was' killjed. by the ac cidental discharge of a shotgun, on the 10th instant. He had been 'hunting, and in crossing a small sti-eam, attempted to aiid himself in doing so wvith the guin. when Ssome'.hing interfered -with the lock, and the whole load was discharged into his left side, cautsing his death in the course of the evaning.-Ahhavillia nnear. r5 r "REF.MBnha ToUa 'AR o .&Ri AN -The - South: Carolinian,:s-ys: -S'ncp was the brief eh'irtatiati-of Mr.:Calious last winter to the students of the' Soumiln Carolina College. Theylhave againbeet:. ; forcibly brought to nrmemory by.ths perusal. of.anu excellent tdilress. deiivereci ; by Professor W illiams; of the Soith Cer olina College, to the "C.okesbury.Fe.i. bles," a military corps, composidofArt students of the Cokesburyiii'utitti, of r which flourishing school Pr formerly principal. We hail b oo - the following brief but elo-u -'e io Quoing the itords of Mrtiit " says : "Allow me, my young rnd ii occasion, to repeat .this fbxhor 2--I( '5 our pol tical sky be darliened ihl6u = iog clouds-if dangers. tbreated jiril= surround you and- your county ;i wi fanaticism shall laya rudc and.violent hbsnd ? upon the ark'of our political covenant; If the naked force of ao rabers,:thp madness. of an irresponsible -majority, shall' forgst right, and, in the wantnness of miht seek with insolent recklessness to inict. -. upon u wrongand insult-I do not say,, 'if you have nature in you, bearitnot'. hut Renember you are Caroininiid'. What is it that makes us proud of. hat name? it it because we were born in thy'-; rice fields of the low country;, or ip'the middle region. undulauiug with slopean . plain, with hill and valley; or farther Still from the coast. where liill rises into mountains, and the proud spirit of:indepen. dence and patrutism is fed by a birth sky and pure air ? . No, certainly not O'ur' slaves enjoy this privilege eithsth es o - us. The mere accident ofk rightnpon a given soil may confer ciyil Soci and religious privileges; but ifhas no rmagie to clear the head, to -pdiify thehgart, to fortify and elevate the soul. 'Weiare proud of our birthright, proud of the name of Carolinian, because it is everywhere a letter of credit, a mark of dtstibction;" because in the veins of a Carolinian eriws in a mingled current the blood of the couit ly and chivalrous Cavalier and that of the Hugenot. distinguished for his stern o yielding devotion to principle-and religious truth ; because it is a name which distin guishes a people renowned fur their gen erous and elegant hospitalities, and for-tfie bland and engaging courtesies of.socia - life; because we are the descendants'of an, ancestry n hose names live upon tie brigh: test pages of our country's history; because it is a name rendered yet more illustriour by the late brilliant achievements of-the gallant Palmettoes in the Mexican:cam.. paigo-by the chivalry of Butler,'whose sun set in such a resplendent blaze of glory-by the heroism nf Dickinson-hy the lofty spirit and noble daring of _that whole band of heroes, rank and file, colonel and captain, officer and : private, who, at Contreras, Churuhusco, Chapultepec, and the Garita. proved to a gaiosaying world that if a Carolinian boasts his country's glory; he is- ready to illustrate it by his deeds." - - CANAD.-the :feelingin favor- of the independenes- of Canada, with its natural consequence of annefation, to'this Utn- - ts'grbwings'flyitamlread aniy as.. - are afloat forls. ;partition of the country into three Staies.;eachi of which, t is'-ru posed. shall he as large as one of our irst class Staecs, with each from a halfmiillion, of inhabiiants. with plenty of room for more. The M~ont real Gazett e propounds this scheme, and thgefollowing are statefi to he the division and boundaries proposed. . .'Ihe State of Canada West,.to in, elude the whole of.Upper Canada down to the foot of Lake Ontario. The popha 'ion of this would be exclusively English. with the exception ~of some fifty or sixty - thousand Frenuch, scattered over it or set tied near Detroit. 2. The State of Canada East, to include the districts of Quebec and Three Rivers, .a with the exception of some of the South ern TIownships. The population of this would be almost exclusively IFrench with. the exception of Quebec, where the Irish. laboring classes are pretty numerous, but go with the French--the mercantile clasuss having no.political influence, and indeed being quite apathetic. 3. The State of Central Canada, to con silt of the Ottowa District, and of that por. tilib of Upper Canada which lies between the Ot towa and St. Lawrence, of the-Dis. trict ofI Monutreal and of that of St. Fran cis, leaving to Canada East the bordering pa rishes of purely French character, iand aking on the south, the townships oBritial law and settlement. . G EN. TArYLOR's PROCrisiTer rforbid ding the invasion or the Island of Cuba has received the warmest endomiums from W~imer and Smih's European Times That joual .winds~p its atticle on thia subjeict with the following remarks: - "We are glad to find that President. Taylor is not disposed to 'acetion a migh ty act of spoliation, to be contweited.by -a ' batid of mercenary . and tunprincied ad venturers. Throughout the whole o s dioing., it is carefully kept out of view specific treatyu exists, to which 'France,- I Spain. Englandl, and the United States ae parties by wchich the independency of Cubai~ to the motlter country of .Spamn t espcially guaranteed." CHRowicLE & SENT1NEL.-We copied few week since an article from the South Carolinian, upon the Cotton Crop and Manut'actories of the United States, whicht seems to have excited the umbrage of the Chronicle &.Sentinel; or wve should judge soat least fromithe iissuhing reqpestfor warded us, written upon the mergtrpo-o of its numbers. If this reqnest bad b~i made in a more courteous manner, per haps we should have treated it duiferent ly. We shall not copy the "reply," lint have ",aanuiniess" to say what we think of the vile slang contained weekly it that print. It is a matter of surprise to unsthat any Carolinian should patronize that paper, when he considers that its editors allow' ao opportunity to slip of villifying our State and denouncing one of our purest states men, Mr. Calhoun. We have hitheo refrained from joining in wit-h the paper. oh this' State in holding uip t. ind-igoant scorn the 'course of the Chronicle, because - we believed if let alone, and given rope enough, it wvould bang itself. We shall be silent no longer.-Abbeville Banner. -