University of South Carolina Libraries
7 7 EDUEFIELD C". II. WEDXSDA. Ar'ttt 4* 189. Odd Fellows Celebration. O Butler Lodge No. 17, of the 1. 0. 0. F. will Celebrate its Anniversary on Wednes day the 25th inst. There will be a Proces sion, Oration and Dinner. ELBERT BLAND, Aptil 4th, 1849 Sec'ry. Dinner to Judge Butler. The Hon. A. P. BUTLER, has accepted an Anvitation to a Dipner, to be. given him'jat Edgefield C H...on Thursday12ih inst., at the Bp&sw Horst,. The Subscribers to the Dinner, are requested to call at Mr. Spann's, for their Tickets. 7 The Hon. Jons C; CALHOUN paned throngh Hamburg, on Wednesday last on hi. way to his residence in Pbndleton. The Hon. A. P. BUTLR reached our Village on Sunday evening last. ;No language can express the warm admira tion of our people for the noble and patriotic surse of oar Senators at the recent Session f Congress. A grateful- eense of their distin, guished services is deeply impressed upon the minds of all true-hearted Carolhnans.. All feel, in their reputation and public career, an honest and a just pride. All are rea-dy to rise up to honor them! The Chronicle & Sentinel on Mr. Calhoun. The Editors of the above Joutnal, are cer lainly exhausting their ingenuity for invective against Mr. Calhoun. In the editorial of their , -. last issue, we find the following riattrkable sentences: "Messrs. Polk, Van Burren. and Calhoun, have constantly played into the hands of the most bitter and"ever active enemies of slavery." Again, on the vubject-of the Southern move ment: "Mr. Calhoun and all other disunionists whetherNorth or South. know not the popular feeling, and are behind the intelligence of the age.0 Bah! fudge! fudge! fudge! That a Journal. professing to baa leader in party polittetshould be the organ of such vile calumny and,ipidiry, is disreputable to the 'iutelligence of onr people. It is evidence of erroranewh'ere, -when the vi.rtnous and wor thy, are ade the subjeets ofthe most villainons attacs,iihoexciting.open indgntion in - den; " "E"'~ua nt"" """"ii'' "" ti"e, nttl.-et - p-the slighatest, the p;:re anid la'ty spirit at which it is aimted. We would infairit the Edi * ~torn (tf they have tnot alread1y.discoavered the facrt) that 31r. Catlhamr1itna elev,ated ini cenr acter-too paltriotic in ft eli ng-ton transcet danr in renainsc-andi occnpies tiol consapientouas an emi nence ini the eyes of thce ciri'ized wortri, to be-touchedl by thceir pigmy.eallies of wit and p.itire. lBut 'is httmble senttir eis fair the putblic weal-as good and fitithfutl citizens-it is our -duty toa defenid the cause uf virite atid justice, from the reickless att:acks of blind party :eal. Wbhaen the' virtnuns antd ;:oad aire attaicked. all -the~ virmnit houtld conideilr it their olwntcauise. It is alittl- sinrprisaing that the' Editors of the .Chro'niec & Sentinel." doa not perceive the ridikulons figure tha'y are mankittg. in thni judg ment of all neanible tm -. lay their puny ellorts, in denounaacin: Silr Cilaltt,--a tmag soa icom.. paratbly above. their calib,rc- -uate t wetijetht puat of' wtim:e greuatiness, wa,did coni ter upon e'acht and every o,ne of' thaim, the' timortaliiy off'zme ! Whab;t ts intear' obtject?1 Dii theay en- aci to wo'rk *thmemtselves inato a lia n totori-ty. byv ustini the mos't iiimser 1ituphS ime:ans tn bratk down t (ifI ta-y siam) thte trepautan.n of a grieat atid goond mit P'ita:l amibiaiont! Infmuaay- is stiaed nyon-its vary fruit. It is thet low desire cit thie Iinoin- incen adi:ary, whot tappl i"d the torch to the creat Temuiple of Diaann! Bumt how vain molst he~ their hope ? Siappo.se they write the~m. seive's itt ntiace. anal siacceied ini puilhna dlown thie gicat main, whuo IC theC oblject at' their 'enivy and.htarel-do they' noat kniow.v that, --Py mie.- are Pacmies ilhough perchled ran Alpms. Aid Pyraumidl. mte Pyiraimids ini vales 1" It i< impo)i<sible hor them bay suchda co urse to make themselves ;:rentel-ur ar. Culhoun less, Be is not wit/hin their reach. WVe do nut uttempt to answer the above charges. becausethe marks of' folly anid imbecile milignity. are ton stronly staiimped uapin them, to-escape even the Ieast o.bservinig. Ehection of WJ. Stautes Senator by tire People. The following joiint resolutin tans passed the -Senate of Wisconsin by a-vnte of 1'2 toa 3: W7hereas, It is tmore in nccordamnee with nor republican institutions io give to) the people the power of electing all olicers er governmnent as far a- practicable, there fbre Resolved. That ottr Senatoars in Corn gress be itnstructed and our Represetnttive reqecsted to propose in Congress an nomend - meat to the Constitution tar thte Unitedl States to the eff'ect that the Peop~le instead .of the Legislatures of'the several States shall hereafter elect their Senators in Con-. gress; by general ticket. *It is said in the Resolution--" it is more in. accor:lance with our Republican inistittutions to give to the people the power of electing all ofti. eers of government as far as practicable.' As this question may some day be discussed before - the people, we feel it our dnty to mneet it at the threshbold. Such an alteration of. the constitit tion would sap thae very foundations of our government, by destroyiing its great conserv a - tive element-the Senate. That body now so noted for its wisdom. it.s patriaotismn and inde pendence, would under the priiposed change. become an arena for the gladiatorial exetim.es .f.a..g.w..... w wud asis..- ,dom;iterita numerical majority, in filling the country with t change, tyranny and rin. This alteration, would give absolute rule to the dominant party in the country 'innking the minority the com- 0 plete.slaves of its will. For, "where the ma jority iules without restricion, the minority isi sure to be the subject." What more gloomy < prospect could be brought upon thd country I t Of all species of tyranny, known in the annhit of the world, that of an ungoverned majority is the worst. It has no respect to life, liberty or property. It is never appalled at scenes of con, fiscation, oppression, or bloodshed. Read the histories of Greece, of Rome, of Revolutionary France, and of England during the Common wealth. The tendency of the change proposed, is to convert the government into a pure Democracy -the ruling principle of which, as attested by the history of all the Democracies of ancient and modern times, is the supreme power of the niunerical mojortty. It is strange that en' lightened statesman, bred under this Republic, so inc:omparably superiur to 'he anicient models, should labor to bring our government back to the unstable and tyrannical democracies of Greece and Rome. -To give the election of U. S. Senator to the people, may be in accor. dance to the spirit of pure Dtmocracy; but it is certainly unt in unison with the institutions of a confederated rrepublic-in. which, to preserve eqality among its integral parts, there is need of a strong balance power, directed with wis dom and- independence, to hold in check the blinded entliusian and tyrannical will of an nr vendant minjority. That power is found in our enatt-which from its ndmirable compo. sition in the manner of electing its members and in the nature of the powers given to it, freeing it in a great measure, from the irregnlar influences ofparty masses, gives to-our govern ment its greatsuperiority over any of the kind kindithat has ever existed. It is this chiefly, which characterizes it as a Republic, contradis tingiuished frnom a Democracy. May the day never come, when that august body is to be destsnyed by raeh and peurile in novations! The hour of its downfall, will mark the certain destruction ofr ur goernment 1 Southern ftMaufactures, The Southern.people are at length learning.a lesson of practical wisdom, which, in future, m.y be of some value to them. They are com ing to the conviction, that for n'nation to lie come prosperous, wealthy and powerful, it niust develope its resources ; and th:it the best way t-: rid themselves of a- high protectm' Ta .rif, is to render that Tariff as far as possible inoperative within our borders, by supplying nur wants with domestic manufactures. How -much vexation and treasure had been saved, if our people, had twenty years ago, directed their time and capital to these highly useful ptrrsuits. Naturepronpited to such employment of our capitAl by furnishing so inany facilities for the for many years, allowed iaise notions of politi 1 cal economy to create prejusdites agairidt'. this. inidneirial occupationi, which have prevented capital rnm being directed that way. We trust however, that this mist of prejudice -in error has b,een dispelled, arid that the South will now take her natnral position of superiori-t ty in then e:ttent sand variety of her mannf'stc tres. Shte certinly cnnot remain longer blinded to her true interests. It is a settled prin , ciple in political econonmy, that no country can lie highly wenhbtly andI powertil withotnt Matn taces e. Purely agricultnrtal ntionasire net:rly always psor. They arc destitute of onte of' thet chief sources or wentth. tie power of art upon nature, Scienitific kntowledge, or the skill etrn ploye~d in mnfaictusrinug, hias adlded smtilliuons iippn millions to-the wealth of the world. It has been estimanted that the " skill of JasrEs Wxr-r. the steam enginte"r; of Josuutr-WEDGE woon and his partner DK-rL..r, the potters; of SicsHARD A RKwnloHT the cotton spinner; a nd of th,' Duke of Bridgetcastcr, the c:inal projecter, hive added, at the least, two haundred millions sterlinsg to, the wealth of Great Britain!)" H-ow b mucht have t iey a,dded to the werahh of the w.rld 1 T1he, skill osf tiese men hiss been chief ly emrployed in mantufscturinug putrpo'ses :-and h thea abosve d'zta uiriiishs somne fnts of how v minalh thle wveshht of ai t.,tioni may lhe increased by mnaunuaures. The pople of the South g hnuve bteen gtrenttly negligenit o,f this elemenit of their wenahh andi power. With all the faicilities both natural arid artificril for manufacturing extenisively the raw pruidnuers of their climate, they hiave permuitteud oilier pnrtiosns of the Globe t to rea,) the hene fis osf their labor by imipms tinga to their raw m.tteriauls daushle, trehsl,, and often I qumdrnsplo their origitsal value, with perhaps nost 24 per cent-nocrst osf habsr. Whlat wisdom is there in fsunishinsg the raw material for a foreign tmarket, aunt aftet '2 or 3 per cent, cost b of laibor thenrer besnowed, to puirchase it back at t1 double or treble, its prime cost ? Even if the 1 cssst of muissicturing at homuse, would-be so con-' siderable as inot to fuirinish the inannfitetured ar ticle at a prico Ies than that of the foreign. mannificture-still, how great wvouald be the advantages..of tl:e hio:nie factory ! The difter ence' ini price between the prims cost of the I raw material, ansd the marketable price of the a mtarnsfuetised article-beinug egual and snume- Ih timnes double the price of the raw material- ti woulitd be set afloa.'t in our midst, as epital for i the still greater aceinmulation of wealth. Foru every huindred thousind dollars Worth, then, Of C raw matelial to be mnantnfactusred, we should ~ enjoy the use of 100,000 or 150,000 dollars, r which are now received by the foreign-Manin facturer. If'therefore each State were to man. g ufauctusre all the cotton it prodinees, it would be n the means of pustting. in domestic circubsition,'a li very large amotunt of centtency which of itselrf' would be an important item of wealth int the- C Southern country: for it is a we ll knowni axiomn A that 'wealth, generates wealth.' Beside this I advantage, extensive manufacturing establish-- r ments would give profitable emuploymeut to a large ponrtion of ouir citizens,male and female, it whonse present occapations are in a mesure urnproductive ; so that the increase of capital g ansed by labor in nmanufacturisng, would take ..ry :it. if any. fr..om ...prod.ti;.., agrical-. v ral labor of.the -country.1 It iillikewise I eget an improvement and prosperity in the nechanical arts,. and in agricultie for the upplies of life.. In the nigi4orliood-f flour. shin'g manufactories allgtheiyarts and trades Prosper. There is a calL:forjearly'eyery class if artizans. And the demaiiifoar the 'iecessa ies of life, -creates a stir andactivity among he neighboring farmers and ~agiculturistsI Yhich cannot fail to lead.to 1:provement and i a increase in wealth. The objctions to the manjiettiring system n Englaiid cannot -spp w:ith. force in this onntry. It may there w hardships, aud ohorten lire; but here it need not. There the population is crowded to overflowing. and it is Jifficult for the laboring class6 to gain.a lveli ii od, with the closest econooy, and the sever !st labor. From this caus lie operatives are taken fit a. very early perioi& life and forced lo labor beyond the power-.(heir-tefider years o bear. Hence they often b.cqme . deformed -or diseased, and. longevi is greatly dimin' shed. In this country, the popaktidn is yet, and miat continue for centurie5oo' arse, and the means of livelihood idletiful, t'o demand very youthful operatives, 6r. natu al severity Df labor. This must. in a measure, free manufacturing at the .o from the evils which attond it in the oZ0' ,ind place it, ror henlh and ngree%bi ness'ongwith any of lie industrial pursuits of tieg -ntry. Another consideration 'pr.hts itself. At the Sonth, infit manuffucii- need not to be protected.by the means of a 1ugh or 'judicions" tariff. The great water cvdeniences with us, -heapening very meh the, Irking of facto ries, and the constan d 4nanisy .supply of the raw material, without --the'41enses' of trais ortatiin and agencigs,,wvilI,galiays enible us :o conTpete sitccessfl 1|E: any quarter of the G1nbe, how.low seeg wages of labor ,ay elsewhere be. Every pretext thien- e en the pobcy )f an odions protccthie .. t dread a which, has exetted y . t's of the South violent add unfo R'is angainst omestic manufaioii We arie glad.tose.ti 4 st taken it present in matiy~oibfo er States n his important msject.'.a ste coivinced >f the practicablty-atEdd. handsome pro. us of-the pursuit,aiefhiuln g*their capital Uto this investment '-Fietdit re rising tip n every section of the 5 n -States. In klabama, Genrgia, Sottih- Ciftina;and North 1aolina,~they are mutijf ranidly And nany of them are on an ;ete it scale.- The )ne atAugusta, Geo- the o at Granitevill. So. Ca.-aod the one*At'CirMston-all of vhich are worked 6fiefkiby oithein white pcrativs--wanid be consideid highly respec able at :owell, or incheter We think iis noto time to bgin to look to a So&ia*U.Jfa-i* for our managirrees Why - and its orl I nay come and purchase'.the commo~odities of he Suth. All-wve need is a little combination -thie want-of which seems -to be blasting all mtr hopes and prospects N-'The factories are] Llrrendy numerous enough to authorize this narket. At th.e last census, 92840) Virginia and 22 cotton and 41 woolen factories, with a to, -al capital of $1 1.360.861 inivested in ge'neral uanufctres'; Noith Carolirta-25 eotton and woolen, with a total capitai'S3,838,900 ini. ested in mainufactures; SauId Carolina 15j otton and 3 a oolen, n~ ith a j;eieral manufac nrinig capital of $3,216, 970;..Georgia 19 cot o and 1 woolen, witir a manufacturing capi lo,f $2,899.565;- Alabamit Totuon far.tories, vi:h a manufacturing capi t $).130,064; lississippi 53 cotton. factori ,fith a mnanu actmigi, capital of $1,797d1 - Loniiaina 2 otton fLctories, with aamt ng capital of 16.430.099 - It atppears then we had i 9pseen South r Atlauntic aind Gnthf Statesi ,r84 the time of e lastee'nsns, 150 cotton factonies and 48 wool i, besidies a variety of other fiigtnries, with an ggrgato capital of $31,094;786. If we al. w an increase-on this fair the last ten years of 0 per cent.-the probable increase in South :arlia-we ought now in the.same States to ave, abonut 180 cotton and 60-woolen f.ictories, rih a-general mianuifacturinig capital of aibott ;3,000,000. We have then siifficieiit mann- I ictures at the South to excite attention and in. I irest-and to-enable its to form a HorLe Market t their exchtange. We trust the rece~nt efforts' makcing among its i this highly tiseful cause,'will not be allowed asbside until we are enabled to manufaicture I our i-tv produce. This is the onli, sure ands sing hope of Southern wcealth and prosperity.t FOR THE ADVERTISERs Mn. EtTo,--We are not itwafe of I ut three distinect grounds or considerations, I pun which the Te-nperance Refuormers I ave attempted to maintain -their cause, I in: Relig'ion, Moral,s and 'Benevolence, I Ve have shown that they ptossess in theory I either a religious or moral character; not he first, because they claim. "no renova in of the heart anid life, or a being turned -tim sin and the power of Satan unto God, C y the influence of divine grahe upon the aul"(A ets 26e 18v.)-and nbt the seconid, t ecaue their system allows hil immanrali is,.save onte. The conclusiouni therefore, is resitibe, that the vast deahl of encomi., ins, liv which this soCiety, ias been so oqetitly comnmenided, as th1 handmaid I f religiutn andI morals, is funded upon ' rerises, gratuitously and host unwar anta'ly assumned. - Those of-its friends, therefoke, wvho'con ne to urge its clasims upon the comimu. ity, as tan auxiliaery- to- onr n)ost-holy re gion, are not unilikte the vaigabond Jews, rho totik uponf themselves, hthe. task of uting out Devils, after the tribuner of the postle Paul. Seeinig the greau gnod that a al was ddintg ton ardls the~r lief ofs!lie ng humanity; antd that * G id wrought p eriail mirjelps by his hands, ' -certain oif e vagabocnd Jews exorcests took vjfon - em. to call over them wvhi *b hmd evil y irits,-thie name of the aord Jesus brist, Paying, "we adjure su by Jestis h~ ,hnrn Paul ntrachath. And o evil snirit , indwered and said Jesus I kpow. ^and saul I know, but who are ye ? And the non in whom the evil spirit was, leaped in them anti overcame them, and prevailed Igainst them so .tbat they fled-out of that louse naked and wounded," (Acts 19c.) Let others take warning; take heed iow they assume the ollice of the holy uinisters of God, lest the Devil be let oose upon them, and drive them out, with he same severe and signal punishment; et them remember that God has appointed His ivay by which the moral reMormation )f the world is to be accomplished; and if hey invent any other means, they ar,e no )etter than the sIns of Sciva, and will ulimately meet a most nielancholly re buke. Placing now all considerations of a reli gious and moral character out of the ques ion, let us see how this Society stands on its only remaining ground ,of defence, viz: benerolence; for which term I will use phil anthrophy, man Ieing the object of this good will. This is the most exalted principle that exists in the mind of an irre ligious mai. It is like the first, and great commandment, which requires love to Grd; and when coonected with it they comprehend the whble of religion. They comprehend the.substance of what Moses in the law, and what the Prophets have ;poken. To produce this has been the design of Mosei, the Prophets, the Saviour, and the . Apostles. Philamhrophy is the foundation of patriotism, and I have not the least disposition to detract from so exalted a principle of human nature. If then the Temperance Society, apart fron moral and religious consderations, but ac.: tuated by philanthropic motives, shal :hoose to organize themselves inro a dis tinct party, in order to effectsome social or political reform, who condesive to oppose their efrorts, or gainsay their motives? It is this general'and indelfinite declaration af their principles and object, which has iven their movement so much plausibili ty and success. Let it now be borne in mind, that- no inoner do they undertake, to vindicate heir cause upon the ground of national policy, than they become a political party. A political party is the proper name ror his society at preient. Have they not sbed aside the christian's motto, moral suasion ? Have they not sent to our Leg islature, men to-introduce resolutions and laws to ~favor their peculiar vieys and policy ? Have they not organized them elves into cliques, in small Towns and Villages, to concert operations, to oppose and trample down by the brute force of a majority, the rights and interest of all who are not of their party ? . Is it any recommendatiod- with them, that a mail shaul possess and maintain a haracter for infleiible integrity, unblem. ished honor, unimpeachable honesty, and undoubted patriotism ? No sir. Is it not lamentable that ministers of.the Gospel. hould have. become imenbers of a politi al party, whose arbitrary and wild fanati ism knows 6o bounds! They not only subject ltemselves in this manner to public :rrier between themselves and those very ren, to dforriT they shiould be the most icceptible--and to whom _they have beari tent upon a mission, to call to repentance. I thte policy or the temnperanice party is to 1e supported; like that of the Whtigs or Democrats, upoa the ground or its national dvantages, then I would say to our pious ninisters who in the honesty of their hearts. ave been dleluded to heeone partizans, to ake heed lest the embittered strifes, andl >arty crimiations which must soon sur -ound them, do not through their hands, legrado our most holy religion. Their dividual character will become swallowed ip in that of their p.arty, and they w ill ae estimated accordling to the general iolicy and principles of those with whom hey are associated. Already we see inidi. :at ions, or party feelings, party prejudices, andI party organization, to such a degree, hat some of their ablest and most jutdicious riends, havd been induced to withdraw rom the Society,entirely, wvhile others of le more moderate members, have become ;realy disafTeted. Their gieat fatna:ical eder, thoughi we give him credit for the test motives, has alreadly declared that the nbject must lie tested at the ballot, box, nd discussed in our LuislaIure. To~( uppose that this party, will lie able to ;overn the S!ato accorditng to therir policy, ithout a political struggle, or great via. ence and angry disputation, is to expect hat all men, will give up the use of iquors, witnes; ei,ler, andI vitnegar, wvithnui iscriptural injunction, or a reasoniable die ate, requiring it. it is to expect all men to act otn the xalted and matgnatnimnous principle or St. aul, wvho wouldl refuase to use that which la wful, rather than its use should hecoe istumblim; block to others. If this prini, iple be correct, it is a perfection-sa mo,ral ublimity, to n hiich our most pious minis ers in this day, do not approximate. Anrd, re, a society of men-though very like n pr-ide and self exaltation ini comparing hemselves, with their nteighbouirs, to the onceited Pharisee, their illustrious proto ype in this respect, who can not say "God thatnk thee that I amn not as other men re" extor.uione rs, utnjust adulterers or even s my rneighb'our., (in principle,) pinfess to et upon this great principle of self denial, Ir the good of others. The pirinciple which I conceive to he orrect is laid downt by the celebrated Dr. ~lark, thus "though we are hound to take ecd that we put not a stumbhling block it thne way or a weak brot her; yet if such brrther be stunmbledi at anly part of onr' otduct which& is not blrameable in itself; morerate use oif wines, &c.,) but of which e may have taken a wrotng view, ice are o1 ans~werable for tire consequences. W e re canlledi to walk by the testimony of d ; tnt accor-ding to the measure of ny mtan's contsienmce, how sincere suever a maxy be," (Comn. Rtem. Sc.) ANwTI-B:GOTRY. At the battle of Waterloo. two French ficers wvere advancing to charge a mtuch uperior force. The danger was iimmi ent, and one of them displaying evidlent igns of fear. The oilier oibservirng it said ihim-Sir, I bielieve you.-are frightened.' ies,' returm-.d the oilier, "I am; and if ott were half as mtuc-h frightened, you ~ould run away." This anecdote cx ibits in a happy light thre diflerence be. TBr REqUEST.] - JOSIAH J. EvA.sEsq.. Solicitor of the Northern Circuit, (now JUDGE EVANS.) in his communication to the Columbia Temperance Society, in 1830, uses the following language: "Fully four fifths of all crimes -tried in the courts of sessions are those of personal violence, and I have no doubt that three fourths of these originate in the hot blood of our southern climate inflamed hy the use ofspirits. In recalling to my recol lection the cases of homicide in the north ern circuit since 1809, I can recollect hut four, in which neither slayer, nor the slain, were under the influence of intoxication, and in most of the cases, both of them.: I have been several times very much shock. ed at the close of the sessions business of a court, to find that I had consumed two, three, and perhaps four days in trying cases where the parties and witnesses were all drunk, and the only question to be de. cided was. who gave the first blow. Other crimes than those of personal vielence are of rare occurrence in my circuit. I have more than once gone round a.whole circuit and found no case of higher magnitude than assault and battery. Of cases of lar ceny, which in number rank next to assault and battery, more than half are perpetra. ted by the drunken wretches (mostly for rigners,) who infest our towns and villages. By far theegreater part of the other half are controversies about cows andi hogs on which it is very diffcult to determine whether the taking be felonious 'or with color of right. I have known only three cases, in which the writ de lunatico :inguirendo has been issued. Two of these were clear cases of 7ania a potu. I have known several cases of insanity, which had. no connection'ivirh inienperance. Since the receipt of your letter. I have thought tnuch ott the influ. .ence of intemperance in the cases of insol vency. This among the trading people is the result of mercamile operationa not easily understood. But amoug the plan ters, the causes are more obvious and comprehensible. In this class ofour people, I cannot now recollect more than two or three instances of insolvency among tose, - ho ever had any wealth; that are no1 ascribable to extravagance andi neglect of businoss cuscquent upon intemperance. In'the moral world, cause and elfect do not follow each other so closely, that we can wirh any certainty ascribe every effect to its legitimate cause ; hence it is diffieult to say iv w1fat extent the moral sense is debased by intenmperance ad its conse quent train of poverty and degradation. Tha't it is corrupted by this catfise, add to a very great extent, I have no doubt. Upon the whole I am satisfied that I do, not overrate. when I say niore tihan tio thirds of all the crime, vice and Wretched ness of the people of Carolina may be as, cribed to the intemperate se of intoxica ting liquors.. If this blot on our character can be. removed, I. lionestly belie-e that ' moral state of society i0 this. R1:4A [Xuld be eqal to, if notbetter; th', of-aQ othorcoti i we are more guilty in.ti respect . others. Within my own time these has been great improvemen in thtis' pstnieuY'ar. The gentlemen of the country were' once addicted to it. This is not the case now, except in a very limited degree. Indeed a perceptible improvement is visible every where, and crimnes both in number atnd turpitude are consuiderabry diminished. How much of this is ascriltable to Tem-. perance Societies, (fur these have existed atmong us for three or fienr years,)' how mtuclr to the progress of learning among us, how much to other tmoral causes, and ho w much to thte self dlenials an-d inicreased intdustry and ecotnmy arising out of re cent political causes, I amn untah!e to say. In a cautse pregniant with contsegnenees so mnomentr,us to humait;n happiness, all should contribute their mite. attd I sintceretly wisht yout stccess in the effort mnaking- ini Co,. lumbia." From the Southuern Biyttst. TO TIlE IMEMIBERS OF THE STATE~ CONVENTION. OF THE B'APTtsT DENoMINATtoN tN SOUTII canOt NA. Beloved Brothlern.-[t will be remem tered by manty of' you, if not by all. that our estenmd btethtren of Tennesses have expressed therir desire, that the expedieucy of Iitiundintg a Ba ghtist Thteologicatl I nstitu. tion of ltith order for the South antd the Soutth West should he discussed. at the time that thte Southern!Boptist Conven tion-shtall assembile at Nashville in May ol the present year. As thtis subject (lid not comne up for cotnsideration at thte meet itng of our Contventtion in Decetmber last, thecre tins been no genteral expression of the views of the Convention or of the de.. niominatior itn the State in relation to it. The brethren, theti, who shall be in attetn dance at N'ashtville froma thtis State, unless they shtall be previouJsly informed, will be at a loss fotr lack of kntowini, the minds of thteir brethtrent on the subject itn relationi to the course. whtich would he agreeable to them. As thte subtject is of importance, I deem it proper to req'iest you to assem blo in Cotnventiotn for thte purpose of deli, heratitng ott it, and of expressing your views ini relation to it, for the informationt of your Delegates. ,Ilaving, t herefore. cnsultedl, and okit ain ed the appro.val of. mty cotnstittutional ad visers-Thte Board of Agents-to- call to gether, I do now request your attendance at Aikent,19' miles east of Attgust a, on the Rtailroad betweetn that place and Chiarles ton, Ott Tutesday the 24th day uf April, tthe text motnth, at 1-2o'clock, itn the Baptist mteetitng house. I appoint thtis place and time, that'the Delegates to the S. B. Convention may I go right on from the meetitng, by the cars tromn Augusta, on WVedentslay evetnrug atd t reach Nashville on Moltnday thte last of r A pril, or TIucsdaty, the first otlMay, to be in attenthitnce on Wednesday thte 2d of I May. for the opetning of the S. B. Con vention. Another subject will lie, also, presented to your considleration. T his is the ip- I poitntet ofnn agetnt forour Institutiont, as the illntess of thte wife of tthe setnior Profes.i sor. who was regntested to continue otn that service, has contlined htis labors to his pro-c fessorship, antd will probably confitte himc for some time to come. Irean Dear r.-etern. efl'ectionatel7':l mud re ci full vyourTelowerran kingdo:m oT Jeius Qi'.i WLILIAA. JQlHESWePstdeat of the S. C. of the B..D itr * Edgefield,'CGH. S10.h March 1849*. - From the Chaflesion Merury. ,THE SOUTHEAN10VEUEMrft We are gratifled af perceiviinf-h to VerY general respunse-by' tdipenple .6ie South to the Add-ess :sfjt .5 etn .lembers of Congress. - 1: a'dditibyi1oIhe unanimous erpression of sentiment i -u own State, large and iNfluentia't- lilg without disticfetion, of pig. e held in.ltaryland, Virginia, GeorgaMls.. bama, Florida and Tennesse' and resole tions of the most decided cbar**'er1ado,e4 with entire unanimity. Among AAawe notice particularly a meeting i rth Alabama,- in-which Col. N Tirrylond Hon. U. C. Clay pariicipited;;-iedP clared the Southern Address r 'et temperate in i's Lone, just in its enr - and. patriotic im i:s objecist an'd terefore cordially approie i, and iould-not-conceive, what plausible reason.any Southern Sena tor or Representative.could-have,fy t.J holding his signature." Another meeting in Perry County, exceeding in-ntijer and infuence -any similir assetsblage:Ve before collected in the county, uneqtuvo cally condetned the course of everijSouth ern member in Congress, i9 failingtiaffix his name to' the Address of ttheSouthern Delegates to their constituents. In Kentucky a large and h.hy yespe table meeting Was held natLezin which it was "Resolved, That ie pafsa by Congress of the Wilmot-Provisio, orany - kindred measure embodyi9g thesb)ie' Ui just principles, will be regarded-s7inDo rage on ite rights of the South which't be checked by 'determined resistance' on our pan. even if 'that resistance in ves an appeal to armns. and a'dissolut N-"?aI Union," and the GovernQr isreoa ed to chli an extra sessi.oftei ture, should Congress aieipt ioirlde with slavery in the Distiefof Co .N-V In Memphis, Tenti. at a Whig'r eeGo called for te parpose of chloosingd gates to a Wliig State Ciention 'o the selecion of a Candidate for'Govern0r, it was-reiolved -to support as -caudidat fof State or Natioal obfficas no m i.o is not pledged against all-of.- hesda1!9 sions upon Southern rigirts-4d"WiAfiti to co-opetie in any meastfres of.feil a the peopleof rho Southern StalerMay n e fit t6 fdopt. - The leadiYg Democratic paper M.boIiqA tissippi. id teferetice to- the prodeidiugs the.surrounding States, remarks:Inte reports and resolutioni submitted to'aid adopted by .these. meetings, we fin i) grounds li'n,ln reference,to-the&i i rm iive duty of the South to resist at al - rds the insidious aid fatal- enroic .'_ which Irave been threatened 0pon _oUr stitutional-righ'Ps.' We k the neonli ofrn% i' aress; tiit Whither ihey'ao son maylYe faken foir- granted, thist 6 ili~ antislavery cquestions we -ar'e- now-ditil wilt remain, no,e and indoisili;" jTit read'y to go far as-the farthest: in defei diag Southern rights., S'outhieta interests alii -- Suurhecrn-bonor." TtsE TREASUaR-Mia. MERED:'rB i A report was started in Wasington fortight since, that .Mr. Meredith, tht new Secretary of the Treasury, was aT'ree Trader.- This is put to rest~by the f'ollow ing letter, addressed by him somenveekei since to a meeting at Potiaville, Petinev'l vanta: .- e-a. Mr IYEAR Sra: F. had the pleasurd'ot receivittg,- a few days since, yodr tetter.-oti behalf of the committee, inviting me to'h present at the Whig jubilee in.-PottsvillW - on Saturday tnexi, and regret extrentjlf that my engagements here wilt prevent meL from availinig oliyself of the invitation. There couldt be no occasion on which shoudmnr joy fully participate in.ihe ref ivities. The itmportance .of the re'ult'ofs the late election cannot he overrated.E The q passage tf.ihe act of '46 involved ins'lfa welt as injury to 'endusytiania, and the .~ people muLst have been blind to~ their yf honor and interest if thef had*net rEaented~ it. The triumphant muantner in which the people of thte Commonwealth, and iir9~ especial and remarkable degree the peopw af Schuylkill countv, have vindicated~ther-' rights at the recent electtons,-'ndicall shows a dletertmination that the pidet if the tariff' of '42 shall lie-restorsdCtntd h.tt their industry shtall not in futie'be~ sacrificed' to suit the views of politica par tisans, but exhitbits in'- a strong lighi ih.e fact, that the people cannot -be tong de ecived, and that they can ant! will enfo~rg-b lthe due responsibility of their public ser rants. With men able to do this; We mf be sure thtat the Republic will contin64-to' b'e just, glorious, triumphant. I offer -for lhe acceptance of our brethren the:f'oloW ng sentiment :. Pennsytvania.--Proof alike ,aguinstihe isdom of her enemies and thesu.bletiesot professing friends, she will -always' .staNd - or t he rightts of industry, and the priec pIes of Ireedom. - I am, str, very respectfully,- -- W. M..MzatDITE -T 13. Bartholonlew, Esq. CA.Irrossta.-The Washington eores~~ mondent of .thte Tribune writes; toe tat maper as follows: "'Certainly one of the niost imporimah~ -umors of the day. if it be true. is that Mr.'. - 3enton has sent to California, by thesast. teamship, another of his -remariable- let era, addressed to the.-inhabitants .(obuhe erritor). The first rescript, to the .C.ali ornians stas taken out last rat).by Col.r net Fremont, andeadvisad -them todatiupr provisiotnal government, .without anye rovision as to slavery. That.duenmente ams protrably pubtishedh it' ban Freinciteo bout the first of Februar,y last. From ihat I learn, I have .reison td.thin.that~ ~aiiri oisi rvsdb tti enr. Benton nowv advises the'peope-'fA orary system, for-the eternal-exelurnomo avery fromn their-soil,'and- thtttiio . ates or rather commands i ~ih~~U1rtr haracteristic energy, and power. ot doubt that his redmn-d"ti