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We will cling to the Pillars of the Temple of our Liberties, a it must fall, we will Perish amidst the Ruins." *% -0 PBULISHED EVERY WEDNESDAY BY Will. F. DURISOE. EDITOR & PROPRIETOR. NEWF TERM' Two DoLLARs and FIFTY CENTs, perannum ifpaid in advance -$3 ifnot paid withinsix months from the date of subscription. and $4 if not paid before the expiration of the year. All subscriptions will be continned, unless otherwise ordered before the expira. tion of the year ; bu t no paper will be dias continued until all arrearages are paid, un less at the option of the Publisher. Any person procuring five responsible Sub scribers, ohall receive the paper for one year, gratis. AovxaIssNKTS consplcuonstyinsertedat75 cents per square. (12 lines, or less.) for the iratinsertion. and 57. for each continuance. Those published monthly or quarterly. will be charge $1 per square. Advertisements not having the number of insertions marked on them, will hA continued uutil ordered out and charged accordingly. Communtcations, post paid, will be prompt ly and strictly attended to. NOTICE. MESSRS. G. L. & E. PENN having as signed to we their Estate for the benefit of their creditors, and the btate of their affairs rendering it essential that speedy collections should be made of all debts due to them. All persons indebted, will :lease make immediate payment to Mr. Edmund Penn who will be found for the present at their old stand, and who has been appointed by the creditors to act as agent with me. Those who do not give attention to this notice, must not complain, if they are compelled to pay cost. N. L. G RIFFIN. Sept 19, 1848 If 35 Public Notice IS bereby given, that application will he made to the Legislature for an Act of Incorporation of M"ount Taber Church, situated 6 miles N. E. of Edgefield Court House. July 19 1848 3m 26 Notice. APPLICATION will be made at the nest session of the Legislature to discontinue the old Charleston Road between the Bridge on Ninety-Six Creek and the Creek next a bove the Gin House of N. L. Graffin, on the said road. July 19,_1848. 3m 26 Public N ~~ic . S hereby given, thatap Iliowll bewa ep us' Creek Churc:h,7sitated about 10 miles north of Edgefield Court House. Aug 16 3m 30 .Nioit ce. APPLICATION will be made to the 1.egis lature at its next Session for a Public Ruad to be made froan Shi.:burg on luffee Town Creek, by way of Durn's-Mills on Ilardlabor Creek, to intersect the old Cam bridge Road in Abbeville District, not far from Mattison's Fvrry on Little River. Aug 30th 1848. 3m1 32 NOTICE. A PPLICATION wall be made to the Leg. islature of this State at the next Session, to repeal the Sixth Section of an Act entitled an Act, to incorporate certain societies and com panies., and to renew and amend certain Char ters heretofore granted, ratified on the 17th of December. 1847. Aug J3 3m 31 Notice I S hereby given, that the next Legislature will be petitioned. praying the opening of a Public Road. near J. C. Burnett's; to run by J. W. and R. Cooper's residence. into the Island Ford Road, near T. C. Griffin'a"-thence across it by James Creswell's residence. on through N. L. Griffit's plantatation. into the old Char leston Road, near his quarter. July 19. 184d 26 . 3m NOTICE. MR. ROFF, who held conditionally an in terest in the right of Edgefield District, to Hotchkiss' Reaction Mill Wheels, (Paternt) has never complied with said condition. thero fore he holds no interest, and has nio right te sell or ma e any contract for said Wheels: We, the undersigned are thre owners, of said right, and a tight putrchas-ed from any other, ualess our aget, will not be good. Mr. 3. T. WEBBER,. we authorise, with full pewer to act as our agent. COCHRAN & MOORE. March 1, 1847 .tI 6 Miotice. ALL those indebted to the estate of Charity Johnson, dec'd.,* are regnested to make immediate payment. and those havIng demands to present them properly attested. C.B GOULDEN, SIMIEON ATT4-~WAY, Administrators. july 7 i f 24 Notice. All persons indebted to the E.stautes of Elizat beth Clark, Mary Clark, stud Henry Clark, deceased, late af' this District, are requested .to.make immed'ate payment. and all those hav ing any demandawilt present them duly atte.sted, according to law. JAMES BLACKWELL, Admia'r. Aug 7 1S48. 3m 29 Notice. H1 lE Estate of Marshal R Smith, deceased, Sbeing without admniastration,. and there fore derelict, all persons having pape'rs pertain iog to the estate, are requested to hand them A over to me by the earliest pr acticable time, and all those indebted to thme estate to make pay rnent, anal those having det:ands to presenr' them properly attested. JOHN HILL, 0. F.. D june 14 6w 21 *, Hamburg iornal will please copy. FOR SA LE. A TRACT OF LAND. containing Five hundred arnd eighty-five nereas (585), twelve miles from Edgefield C. H., lying be tween Beaverdam and Turkey Creeks, 1h aniles from Carroll's Mill. Terms will be made easy. Apply to R. PLATT BRUNSON. SOMETHING AOUT MANURE AND ITS APPLICATION. BY JESSE RYDER. Almost all the farmers of the country are obliged to depend on the resources of their OWN farms for the supply of animal and vegetable manures. Mine ral manures are tore generally pur chasable, bu! as simulants, and ahsor bents, they can only .operate in con nection with the. vegetable matter of the soil, (the humus or mould,) the pi incipaI supply of which, to cuitivated land, is obtained frot our cattle yards. It seems to be self-evident. that the earth must receive somethine in return for the production, or. become ban. rupt. Either a portion of her produce must be left with het, or an equivalent rmurn ed, otherwise she becomes barren or un fruitfetl.' It behooves us. then to jncrease the fertility of the soil we cultivate, tntil it is capable of affording to plants all the nnurishments they require of it, itn order to d-velepe them fully. There is great encouragement in the thought that plants derive a part of their food and nomtishment from the atmns phere. If it was all the derived from the earth, then it would rrquire all the pro. duce of the farm to be restored to it, in order to preserve its fertility. But ex perimental proofs are not wanting to show that a large part of the food of plants is derived from the atmosphere. When once it is conceded that the soil of a farm can be made to crow rich by the use of manure made from a g-eat deal less than its own produce, it must also be conceded that the same farm ought to be emtiched faster, as the a" mount of its product ions increase. I do not believe that thp manure which is applied to hoed crops in this country, re-produces itself to the far mer,.as O- 'rat '''' e ingi pher .wet al it Tal cor its . ... ..v preceedrng years, the, raise three grain ctops in succes sion say corn, oats and wheat or rye, and at the end of that time 1 am well satisfied that the soil will have lost more strength than was irmparted to it by the. manure of five years. Let it then be laid down to grass for two years, at:a at the end of that time it will have recover ed the elements of fertility, so as to be, generally speaking. about as good as it was before the manure was applied five years previous; the, formotiou of sod be Ing a rejuvenating proccss. I once buried by the plough, in the spring of the year, about sixty ox cart loads of manure on four acres of sod ground ploughed the usual depth, five or six inches; soil stufl and heavy; and for aught 1 have over seen of its effects, there might as well have been a funeral ceremoney at the time or tire htr ing The season was somen hat wet. What become of the salts of the manure? It was first pkrnted with potatoes, which mere poor; then sowed with rye, which was poor, and the grass th1at followin waes not as good as that which grewv be, fore the ploughing. Ploughinig in ma nure on dry land bette.; but I doubt whether one,frth is ever realized from it that ought to be. I once put abou, five bushels of sitotng horse ma nure one heap on a timothy nmeadow, antd stiread the surrrournding pat with lke manirre, ten two,btorse loads to the acre. Thre manture heap made the grass but little hearvier on its borders than it wats elsewvere, the ten loads to the acre having brought the land near to its maximnurm of production-3} tons to the acre. Nineteen twentieths of the mannre int the heap, thern, was lost; which is proof positive to miy mmd, thrat t is necessar y to secure ihs varluable* pro peries very sotn, or they are lost. I know that tmost theotreticael and many prarcticatl farmers recommened thre use of all thre manure on the farm on hued croips; and thus wear the land out, as I think, without securing a return from it as will leave in better tIhan before. Experience has taught us here, that to eruich our land, we must apply the manure for our ploughed land at the time of sowing winter grain, spread it on the furrow,~and harrow it in with the gain, which leaves it jurst where we want it, near the surface; or harrow the ground first, thetn spread the ma nure, and plough it and the grain in togethe r, with light furrow. If we put all the manture on for corn the tesult is pretty good corn and oats, and poor winter grain and grass succeed ing. When the sod is again turned over for corn, it being poor. the corn again requires barn-yarn manure; and thus th. lnd is krept poor, the gassenkinir light, and the manure not increasing it qeiality. But l-t the disposition of the manurt he changed, apply it t) winter grain and then we have good wheat 01 rye succeeded by grass, plenty of fodder and a sod fornmed, wvhich, when the lnra is again poughed for corn, will enable it to grow ns luxuriantly as it did undel previous management with the manure aprlid -directly to it, and the manure is thus left for the benefit of the winter grain again. With the manure for winter grain, il peevents it fiom freezing out in the win ter and spiing; also saves the young tim-thy, and in many instances lightens the soil so as to preserve the clover roots of the year following. Geass bring a msnding crop, the land can spate its luxue iant buriten and not be poorer. and the land is improved by the amount of the manure, a luxuriant sod being, a it were, its representative Such, in my views, is a practical way of increas ing manure, and securing for the earth a store of vegitablu food.-American Quar. Journ. of Agriculture. The Phenomenon of Frost.-The rem:a k is f-cquently made- that "there will he no frnse to-night, for it is too cloudy." A correspondent thus explains this phenomenon, so familiar to all, but the why and the wherefote of which few have taken the trouble to ascertain. All bodies emit heat in proportion as they contain it. Two bodies of equal teepetature placed beside each either, will mutually give and received equal quantities of heai; therefore one will not gain of the other. But a piece of ire placed in a warm room will receive much more heat from the surrouuding objects than it imparts; it will tiere''. gain in the terne ,eru in the surround ing air becoips condensed, attaches it self to ob' :ts in the form of dew, in the same nner that a tumbler or a pitch er 6ntnining cold water "sweats," as ipicalled in a hot day-thesuface is cooled by the water, and this surface of the earth, after the fotmation of dew, loses heat enou.h to bring it to the freezng point, the dew becomes froz en and we have a frost. But if it be cloudy, the heat radiating from the earth will be received by the clouds, and by them the greater portion of it will bere turned to the earth; thus the surface of the earth very neaily retains its tem perature, which not otily prevents a frost, but almost always prevent even the for mation of dew. Worms in Peach Trees.- Our liends are reminded that they should look to their peach trees and destroy the little worms before they have buri ed themselves too deep in the body of the tree: There are various modes of killing them, but w: should nevei suffer them to enter so deepas to req'tire a knife to dig them our, for the knife injures the tree more thtan the worms will. WVhiile the youn; wvor m is in the egg, or efotre he har buried himself in the bark, strong Iey, or boiling hot water poured upon the body of the tree will kill him; so will strong wvood ashes or lime, fresh slacked, placed about the body of the tr*, and itt eitler case the grass, if any about the roots, should be pulled awvay, so that the body may be fairly exposed. By close attention, the little worms may be discovered at this season of thte year at the surface of lhe earth, and making tracks into the batrk of the tree. The apple tree borer may be discover e'd in a like situation, and may be treat, ed in the st me manner- --Boston Cull. Flirting-It is too frequently the pract ice ot young ladies by way of teas ing their lovers in fun, to neglect thmeuu wiiile in company, and to laugh and flirt wvith other men. How many have parted f rotm circumstances like this? Many who was attached to each others, who could, and in all probability would, have made each happy; and-for the gratification of an idlo ,.nd reprehensi Hle whim, many a female has lost het position in the heart of him she really loved. Does she think a matn, having once suffered from the fun, cotid ever place dependence on her afterwards Did even any woman find a mian whc loved her enough to be jealous, repost the same confidence in her which ht had previous to her attempts to creati doubts in him! Let women understand that if it be worthi while to have men' affections, there is no fun on eacth worth whsile to shake bis entire faith in her. HOW .DROWN CONSCIENCE. Of vneans. that can be used-to put to slee .ie voice of conscience, and destroy'e 'moral sensibility of man, strong nk is the most effectual. In the hist v of crime we may trace its brutalit w influence to the deep draught. The 4ifiet is uniform. That which speaks tkhin man to warn him against crime &.ost effectually silenced by it. Mn are btter prepared for murder or crime witi a portion of alcohol in the stomach thin. without it. They are less abl ro resist the temptation to do good. .itiloes' not require the intoxica ting dragit--that is likely to stupify the brai and unnerve the arm, but the moderatcup is the most appropriate. That beit.puts to sleep the still small voice while it rouses the animal ener gies. If man wishes to commit a mur der, or any.other crime, and finds him selfftoo-Epg to do it, too much of a man, he;iainorin the wide world search i out so de'miralizing an agent as alcohol. i Heimay rensack the three kingdoms of nature in~vain. He shall perpetrate the conceived crime sooner by the aid of a cup of alcoholic drink than anything 1 else. He shall be a murderer more rea. dily under is. iifluence, than by any I other aid ' Gamin --Burglh, in his Dignity of Human !anre, sums up the evils of this praciice in a single paragraph "Gamiiigvi a amusement wholly un- I worthy ofational being, having neither the porftei:eof;;exercising the body of exertion itgeenuiy, or of giving any na-. tural plea riw and owing its entertain ment whol to an unnatural:and vitia- i ted taste; caase of infinite loss of time, ofen . aus destruction of money, irritatin.r tl"- ' - . . G, nis dreadful road. Shun it as you woud the road to distruction. Take not th first step-the moment i you, do, all m.y be lost. Say not that you can comiand yourselves. and stop when approach the confines of danger. i So thousands have thought as sincerely I as yourselves-and yet they fell. "The probabilities that we shall fall when so r many have fallen," siys Dr. Dwight, } "are millions .to one; and the contrary opinions is only the dream of lunacy," s Dr. Alcott. Winter in Spits'erben.-T ho single night of this dreadful country beings h about ths 30th of October; the sun then sets, and never appears till about the 10th of Febuary. A glimmering in- .t deed continues some weeks after the setting of the sun ; then succeed clouds and thick darkness, broken by the light of the moon, which is as luminous as in England, and during this long night shines with unfading lustre. The cold strengthens with the new yeat; and the r sun is ushered in with an unusual severi ty of frost. By the middle of March the cheerful light grows strong, the Arc tic foxes leave their holds, and the seafinwl resort in great multitudes to I their breeding-places. The sun sets. nn more after the 14th of Maiy; the dis tinction of day and night is then lost. ' In the height d summer the sun hasr heated enough 6 melt the tar on the decks of ships; hit from August its pow er declines; it seis fast. After the mid.-J die of September day harldy distin guishable, and by the end of October takes a long farehel to this country; the earih becomes fpzen, and winter reigns' triumph ant.-Ctrirtain Intel. FACTS ABOJT DIGESTION. e Whieat is the mist nutrilioousof alsub. k~ stance except oil' contaituing ninety-five h parts of nutriment to five of waste mat- s ter. Dry peas,inUts and barley ate nearly as nutritidas as-'wheat. Garden vegetables standalowest on the list inas- t much as they cbtain, when fresh, a s, large potion offvater. The qualities y of waste matter is more than eight- a tenths of the whie. Veal is the most f nutritious, then owls then beef, last, perk. The miol nutritious, fruits are I plumbs, grapes, aricots, peaches, goes berries, and melos. Of all the articles b of food, boiled tie is digested in the a shortest time, an tour. As it also can- I tains eight tenth9utritious matter, it is i a valuable subsince of diet. Tripe A and pigs' feet aridigested nearly as ra-s pidly. Apples, -sweet and ripe, are a next in order. Loasted potatoes are digested in half ti time required by the, same vegetable bled,. which occupies a .three hours and ialf-more thaiu beef il or mutton, Bre4 occupies three hours and a half--arr hr more than is re and goose are convorted in two Iouri and a half-an hour and a half soonet than chitken. Roasted veal and pork, salted beef, occupy five hours and a hall -the longest of all articles of food. Arnerican Journal Agriculture and Science. The Pope, the true Reformer.-The Revolution in Europe was started in Rome, beyond all question. The Pope himself .vas the first Reformer, who gave an impetus to the ball, that has since rolled with so much violence from the Mediterranean to the Baltic, and from the Danube to the Po. The Pope having been reproached for all this, has thus re plied in a letter to a member of the French National Assembly, no doubt Lamartine. '"The dilerent governments have been ong reproaching me as the cause of their lisasters and embarrassments. I have -eplied that in granting concessions to ny people I did but follow the advice vhich those powers gave to my pre lecessors: If I have counselled the >eoule to obey their rt.leis, I have en aged rulers to do jtistice to their peo )le. Nor is it my fiult if the people mve risen against sovereigns who re ected my counsels. As to Italy, not mnly have I never opposed the war for heir independence, but i approve the var as a sovereign and as an Italian. ut as priest and Pope, all Christians icing my children, I muct -do my best o prevent their slaughtering each other." Providence Rtcognised -The in ervention of-Divine Providence in the Ilustrious career of the Father of his sountry is thus alluded to by Mr. Win ..U,i te rotu. nate its debt. And higner noiner stinl, ras the guardianship so signally man frted in more than one event of his ife. 'By.t he all-powerful dispensations f Providence,' wrote Washington him elf to his venerated parent after Brad. ock's defeat, 'I have been protected eyond all human probability or ex ectations; for I had for bullets through ny coat, and two hoises shot under me, et I escaped unhurt, although death as levelling my companions on every ide of me.' Wedl did the eloquent pas Dr of a neighorhood 'parish, on his re urn,' po,nt out to the public that heroic outh, Cot. Washington, whom (says e) I cannot but hope Providence has itherto preserved in so sigr.al a manner )r sonie important service to the coun ry.' "f One Journey through the WVorld. Vhen:I was a young man, there liv d in our neighborhood a Presbyterian, ho was universally reported to be a ery liberal man and uncommonly up Oit in his dealings. When he had any f the produce of his farm to dispose of e made it an invir: ble rule to given ood measure, over .jood, rather more tan could be required by him. One of is friends, observing his freqnently do ig so, questioned him why he did it, )ld him he gave too much, and said it 'ould not be to his own advantage, loiw, my friends, mark the answer of ue Pres'byterian. "G.od Almightzy has ermitted me but one journey through e wvorld, and when gone I cannot re in to rectify mistakes." Think of this, iends, but one journey thr:ough the A Cood HiL--We publish the follow.. iletter wiih pleasure. As we do no: kchange wvith the Pale Alto we do not now whether our correspondent's- letter a~ raced the colu'ins of tbat martial ie..- ''onstitutionalist. StLm.:'ronr. S. C.. Sep 1. 1844. To the E ditor e.; ''e Palo Alto: **DEAR SIR:' 'our 1.,':,er has been sent me by yourself. or some one else. if mnt gratuitously, I am obliged ,o thank ou, or them for the kiness; a - the time lime must inform you that I do not 'at it. "I am opposed to the election of Gen. 'aylor as President of the U. States. I be eve him when he says, that he is unquali,. ed for thle office. To this objection it has een said that he would select an able ho y of advisers, (Secretaries or Clerks or epartments, IVhzps or course, I suppose.) V by. sir. if the old man is not to be Boss imeelf, why not select -one of the afore iid Clerks to administer the governmrent ionce, and not have a Major General in stitcoats as the nominal Executive-like Id E&ngland, who has a twoman in the sine capacity. I think all such HKans iay be safely dispensed with-epecially Sour Republic. Respectfully yours.", Men are never so easily deceived, as riben they are plotting tn de..cive others. Sweet Potatoes-Mode of keeping. One of your correspondeuts asks how they may be kept under a roof, in a cellar. - The principle is to give them ventilation from the bottom, without exposing thern to extremes of temperature on the surface. Within any outhouse, dig a dry cellar. say seven feet square, and as deep as you wish. If you can put a. wall on the.side9, of a single brick and thickness, and a brick pave ment at the bottom, it n ill be all the better on several accounts. The material point is this, insert an upright trunk intathe cen ire of this cellar, formed by nailing togeth er four hoards, of as foot in width, each aide being thickly perforated with auger holes, from bottom to top. Let your potatoes be carefully handled, to avoid bruising. either by foot or hand, or any olher jougb usage,-' Pile them up around this trunk, using w. ladder to ascend and descend or to stand. on. When your cellar is full, let them stay uncovered till they pass through the. saccharine fermentation or staeat, as it ito called. On the occurrence of the first cold weather. pour dry san'd on' the level sur face of your potatoes; allowing it to per colate into the mass as far es it will, bf mere pouring, until the sand has entirely hidden the potatoes from view. The mouth of the trunk must be above the po. f: tatoes, and kept open. The bottom end: shoul I be notched. Any fixture which willF secure dryness, ventilation from the bottom at intervals of not exceeding three feet-, through a mass, and protection from thai changes of temperature on the-surface,. will secure the object. My potato celler is under my kitchet floor-holds 300 bushels-is ventilated by' means of a double partition, of'.narroir boards or laths, through the length of it, nailed to three inch scantiing; leaOing a space of half an ich betweeb each boatt -- or lath, Thus, in the centre of a maiss of potatoes six feet wide, is a column of air of three inches in thickness. I have bad l the cellai- filled; ror six years, sticetasively. 1 Rer rally 'find potatoea of th- - 8.6 Ua ogs.-s to~. of the Cultivatot, one of your correspo,.. dents desires to be informed how to kill lice on hogs, Although I am not In the habit of writing anything for publication, yet I feel it a duty to give any information that 1 believe will benefit the country at large. The method which I have practi ced for several years is a very simple one. it is this-put a small quantity of tar on the corn that you give your hogs every norsing for a week, and in ten days after I will give $1 tir every louse that can be found on hogs thus fed. Jour GotaoN. Method of Welding Iron. Set and Sheet Iron.-New French Discovery.-Ia an earthe-n vessel melt borax, and add to it 1-10th of sal-ammoniac. When these ingredients are properly fused and inixed, pour them out upon an iron plate and lea them cool. There is thus obtained a glassy matter, to which is to be added an enual quantity of quick lime. The iron or steel which are to he soldered are first heated to . redness; then this comnound, first reduced to powder, i, laid upon them-the com position melts and runs like seuling.wax; the pieces are then replaced in the fire; taking care to heat them at a rmperature" for below that usually employed in weld ing; they are then withdrawn and ham mered, and the surface will be found to be. thus perfectfully united. The author as. sets thtat tis process which may be ap plied to welding sheet iron tubes never iails.-Rec de la Polytecih. Hion. J. A. Woodward.-Our able n f.uithfutl Representative, passed a few days. with us-last week. On Wednesday he, addressed a lar:e numbser of conlstituents. at the Court [louse, embracisig in his re marks a comnpreheissive and truthful nars rative of the doings at WVashington during, the late session. From all that he said we cnrre io thse conclusion, that writh re gard to the slavery question, we have nothing to hope from either -party at the North. and that our only reilance is unioti among ourselves. Gen. Cass he says, wvill not veto the WVilmot Proviso, and he is also convincedl that Geni. Taylor wviil tnt voto it. Usnder these circumstances,. he plainly intimated that it would be per-. ferable, and mitre faverable to uniosso amonugat ourselves to have a Norther,n i man against us rather than the Southgr.a-a candidate. The Pawnee indians .are said to have been completely subdued. Lieut. Peweli "o' ,.ding at Fort Childs on the Platte river, .as ourchased of this tribe, for two, thousand ds,lars the wvhole of Graadahs. land, above sixty miles in extent. It 'is a very valuable poem. from the faer t-bat- it contains smuch the largest propertin or valuable timber to he found any where on~ the Platte river. The extent of territory pturchased is about 690 squate miles. Charleston .Esening News. Description of a Bad Road..-"Stran ger, which is the- way ao-----vill age ?"-"Thers's t wo roads ?" respoa ded the fellow. "WVell, which is the best P" "A ins much difference both on 'em very bad. Take which you will aifore you've got half way you'll wish iton'd tuck t'othcr."