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EDGEFIELD C. 1. - WE::EsDAY, SEPT. 6, 1848. TAX COLLECTOR'S ELECTION. We deem it proper, to avoid mis:ake and confusion, to the call the special attention of the Ianagera of the elections on the second Mo:dtyeiin Ocoher next, to the fact, that the the act cf 1846, the election for Tax Collector Ls to be held only on one day-Slonday, and the votes counted on Wednesd-ty. The elec tiuin for Representatives and. Member of Con grins will be held on Monday and Tuesday, as nual. - Hot 11'ether.-After the wet spell which we recently had, there were several days exceed ingly hot-the thermometor ranging from 89-i to 91 in the shade. 'We are requested to state that 1he iI0n. A. P. BUTLER. one of oiir distinguished $enatoIs in Congress, will deliver an address in the (.ourt House, on the first Monday in (itoher next, on the various topics of public interest now agitating the country. The Committee of citizens who waited on him, will,announce the arrtntgementw. previous to the hour of meeting. The public are earnestly invited to attend - Public Meedina.-On Monday last a large and resifectable number of the citizens of this Distrivt,. assembled at in the Court ilonst. SiLAs L. HE!.LErtE Esq., Candidate for Con. gress, to represent this Congre-aional District, was.itttroduced to the Meeting, by JosaP ASYEY, Esq.' Ile addressed the assembly fur about one houi -upon the subject of the Presi dential election. I19 advocated with ability, the claims of Gen. Clss for the Presidency. and showed conclusively, that he-was more closely identified in his political piinciplea wnh the South, than General T.tv .ou. He said nothing in disparagement of General Teve LOK as a soldier.aud a-"patriot; but front his own declarat' ns and those of his most confiv dential frie s-he proved thnt he was a Whio and a tho ought"Vhig. ~He did not think that South rotina could cOnsistentlysirreuder the principles for whicli she had been battling with success'.for-twcnty years,- in the support:of Gen.E anLo, the'norhine of the Whit party. We will not attempt to notice any-other point - in -his-speech, but wil'only say-, thatir. IELL.a avowed himselfa State. Rightsem -e ra d thioa h isi Wttl id- gsed sirice he nP ' pei g l i=e y ere r e the principles of this party aiggve.,tbemna hearty -support. Thetpeedl was well-received by the assembly. - We think it not improper to remind our fello w _ciii.n.- z" uJ" -5sermve Congress, the Hotn. Armistead Bnrt is a can didate for re,election. We are infurmed by a friend that Ma. Burt wottld address the people of Abbeville on Mioiday last, on-the great sub ject that now engrosses the attention . of the. South, and that he is expected to visit Edge: tield at an early day. A Tetmperamnce Adkiress will be delivered by GEoRGEM0. B3LocxEE, Esg.. at Little Stephens. Creek Church, on thc 21 Sabbath, in Oct. next. The public are respectfully invited to attend. - Lowdl.-A gnat her of a century ago, Lowell wvas not kown. It was ! heni almost tuninhuab * ited. We leuro from a Northern paper, that it non contains 33.000 mnabitan's; 47 Cotton - and Woollen alills, about 12 millions of inicor porate'd caplital. 200l thousand spindlecs, and 8 thousand looms. From 10 to 15 thonsatid girls are em1,loyed in the Mills. On evety side new building are going up, and improvement * is the ordc'r of the dany. .Judge McLean of the S premne Court-This distinguished Juttist in a recent letter delivered his opinion upon the F'uee Soi movement. lie is decidedly opposed to the extension of sla, very-,in territory now free. We- make the following extract froni his l-e.r addresed to a Committee. The great and exciting questinu of slavery. exteosiun, in the judicial form it has assumed by the act of the Senate, as it boors uponi my position on the bench; the ure of my name in the present can vans, and the reirction of it by the Ohio uldegtes mn lie N.:t;il C7onvcntinn. the relat ionI wvhich Ai. Van Beuren mtaitnt ains to the public: haive tall been deliberately consideired, nnd I am.brought to the con clusion that I ought nut to go before the Buffalo Convention as a candidate for the Presidency. I fee deeply and gratefully the houor you have done me by the expression 'of your kindness and confi dence, in cor.nection with that high office. Resting upon the principles of the Con stitution, as they hnve been judiciously sriled, the free States, by moderation,, vigilance, and firmness may prevent the extension of slavery to the frco territory lately annexed. Without the saniction of law, slavery can 00 more exist in a terri tory than a man catn breathe without air. Slaves are noit properly a here they are not made- s:a by the municipal law. The Legislatttre of a Territory cae exercise no power which is nmol con ferred on it by the aci of Congress. This opinion is extra-judicial. high as may be.the authority of the Hion. Judge, others equally learned and etninent have come to aim opposite. .conclusion uptrt the subject of slavery. -It has been shown conclusively, that "slaves are property where they are not made so by municipaljlaw." A distinguished Sena, tor has proven, that "they ivere property prior to law, and that law did - not c.aaNisk the rela.. tion of slaver), although~ it was required to< coifnsedm the right growing out of that reIn. I We made a visit a fev' days sin' &to'the "Vaucluse Faciory,'- and must beg the attention of out'readers for 'few miometts, in the hope tht.w.e may be able to say something worthy of being rememtered. The location of this Establishment is well -known ;.we will only add. that it is in Edgefield District, on Horse creek ; six miles from Aiken. and about fifteen from Hamburg. It-was founded many fears ago, but had a' lingering exi.atence, until it received the magic touch of Messrs. JoiEs & GREGG. General Jones is now the sole pre prietor, and under his judicious management, it is yielding an amount of piofit which:sone may affect to doubt, but which none can dis ptove. For our own part we rejoice most sin cerely. not only on account of the worthy and enterpiizing Proprietor, but on account of tie District, and the public at large, whose interests are subserved far more than his. We have no prejudices ag tinst the 3lanuftcturiug interett, unless it is sustained by unjust and uncorstitu tional legislation. We are in the broadestsense, Free Trade men, and would rejoice to see every industrial pursuit, overy branch of the Mechanic Arts in a condition of independence and prosperity. Let the Manufacturer be free to compete with the Agriculturist-no protec tion. no restriction. We want them all, ns all are important to the well,being of society. There should be no moanpoly, but industry should be left free to nursue its own channels. The South is u jst favorable for Manuftctur ing, and why shwuld we not avail ourselves of the advontages -ich nature and position have given us?. We have now no less than twelve Cotton Factoriesin our State and-still uori in our Sister State, Georgia. This is most en couraging, and we look forward to the day when Southern Manufactures will be found iii every narket of the wor:d. We can pardon stmething in the opposition of our people to this great interest which has now found a home among tus, when we tememei r that the history of Manufactures in this con utry is ihe historyp ly ranny, plunder arid oppression. The tih'has grown rich by the power of the nme t power which we have know,rihot by its protect ing and paternal infl ices, but by its lawless and despotic ex" ons. But thanks to Provi dence, Freg'rade has triumphed and the Mlanufceturirg interest no longer sustained by Acts of Congress is doomed to stand, if stand it shall, npon its. own merits With our great staple deliressed, our lands exhausted, a sound policy demands that all our rerources be devel oped. It is nn-exploded fallacy that wealth and independence are to be found alone in the Cotton fit-.. For the greater mnumber among us, the day has' passed forever. ' The far greater feztiliiy of the West has made success ful competition an absolute impossibility for the great mass of the people ' ef~eur - State. arid imperious necessity, ne lyss than patriot istu call aloud for greater divers:ty of ewploy. ttient and-distrihntion of labor. Edgefield has- reasop.,t be proud that a Cotton 'aot *fywis nt sueressful operation in her borderd. The wilderness'has been made gla nd in iteumidst; in a nost rmantic valey, stan,rs Vaucluse yith its thre hnndrred inht-4i am - arnrppf~~Whio shall estimate the amo.mt of blessing - to the poor of that tegiotn! They have beetn saved~ frt poverty and cdime-childreli are ~now trained t o'habits of industry acid sobr iety, andc. all are furnlished with the means of virtuous subsistence. Each fantmily is accommnodated with a comfortable house, with as mncb-land for ccclivation as is wvanted, and with a re'asonable amcount ofAhabor in the Faictory, by a proper economy, a few years will secture ca an independence. Girls were peinted otnt to us at the looms whou lad ncow loaned out at interest as mch as fiicecn haundred dollars. the accumulation of a few years oef labtur only. 'As might be expected from thme character of the worthy pro prietor, it is too, a school of morality. It is as true at Vanelnse, as any whete else of wvoman. "that one false stehp forever blasts her famre," acid she is saro to inctir thec penatlty of expul simn. There has never been occasion to enfcorce this severe pemalty but once since the present Proprietorship. We contclnde thtis hurried notice hy a few statistics, and votcch for their accuracy. They are intgre..tineg in many p)oinmts of view. They prove that the Manufacturing business cant succeed itn Scouthi Caroli na-they show the most dareit attention to one's btusintess, atnd a fractionial accemacy in keepii:t the Books "Tal:e care of the pene,e the pounds will take rare of themselves" is a rnaxim we believe of F'ranmklin. It is iattentioni to sinall mnatters, d]isregard of fructions that wreeg h,lf the meni ice the world. Thlese little theingct, these savings in small matters constitute the profit. 'The same amnoucnt of itelligence, of energy and attention which are seen at Vaucluse wotnld, wve will a'most vouch lior it, brinmg success in any. thing Trading men are too often content wnmh a genecral knowledge of their condition; ard like the tunskilfut Moriner, who fails to ike his latitude or make his soundings, they cre sucddenly lost whlen dreaming of safety. r'his geuneral knowvledge wvill tnot do-it can lever bring security. With all the attention vbich can 'be given, and all the knowledge rhbieb is practicable, there still remain in every musinuess, risks and casualties enough. Let 1ot thcese be inicreased by ignorance and inat ention. Wee give thme Product of thme Factory for 1847. Fliaek and Bucndle Yarn. 99,965 lbs. Cotton Osnacbturgs, 626,190k yards, or 313,095 " Total, 413,060" Wheel run 2924 days. L.ost - 9j' " 312 Whole timue - 28,3441) A ver age number of' hands 57-Looms 43 wverage prodnct of each loom per day 4983-10 rards-whaole amou nt of' wages $11,071 30 cts. -aver~age wages per liand each day':39 86-100 ents-whole atijount of capital $50,000-net calanice (profits) to 1st July 1848, being the first cal,er , $5rrm90 on. Eletiun gives a majotny for m ov nor,9f 847.- The W Iba a r y two otf joiut ballot=in thtLe'1legut Z Tribute t Co .tmont. TI e gton Uni1i cais the orresvotiJence bub eeerhe Cilizens of CIs ston.afl a relative to the -splii d sword .lae presented by; the fornir to the, latter,' "iit:enorial of their apprecistionof hisservicE '4 binwink this tibste 'pont a native n thpeple of Charleston, have done fionor to bem6elves. The gallant Frionf richly dkee a Alf the honors which ky;eMen #wlded him. Meililst- Episcopal' Churrh, Atk..--T h statistical reports of this Iennomtn tion, show the 'number 'of MSfimUrsn'rt! beisifoluvps: Whites 334.859. Colored 127, 0 Tottil 46",099. Number of ;inisters- e-ant 14,00; Local,3140 Tf; 4540 ' Fo the Adtiert . Ma. EDIToR-We are eutirel} ;ppos.ed to producing any unnecessary eJctitemient: iH the district, and we haae.;aeerstdis trust of alarmists of any kind ; Iit, ot this particularjunct:are, ie-feel ibaitj{r in etinct of self preservatiion. iur. secii5a for, our families, our love of rCintry.aud its institutions-all prompt uT,,o iake a most active interest, in the approaching Presidential Election. The present canvass,or'the thief Ma gistracy of the' United StatesJron the cir cumstance< by which we are et i-oinded, deserves to be the most excii of 'any that has taken placesiimce the tablisb ment of our independence. T 4t of March next may determine tlbther the Union itself shall preserve its tegrity. The question in regard to Stavemust.be settled-soio limit must be f+ied ti its agitation, or the South is disfr cbised of her rights, and the Constitutio has failed to afford -us protection. Ottif questions equally affecting the ealvation' the State must also be decided- during thenext'Pro sidential term. It must be detertnined r the President shall exe ise,,to its full extent, has costiuinnnaUlrn of'veto; and we must know if continued,additione are to be made to our Republib. by con quest and-otherwise, until its e'ire struc ture shall be lost in the incongr#ous mass es rudely cemented toit - These are questions upon. hich the happiness, the safety and the, ery lives of many of us.may depend, a e' should specially know how they are to settled. One or two of the,caJudidaes. r:he Pre sidency differ.. with us upon a om all. Whom are we to suppart. for. etPresi dency? Our Candidates for i Legisla ture and Congress should sp -out, and the matter should be- full tscsedyr tah people. We therefore pro plse that urr: cndi date 'for tle State Legislatt trdake it knovn a every j: heief 'os Cas'a Tytor, og.Vat3'til " fhebigt est.pnst i the gift o;the peo-pl :... We have made ibis call, b*ause - we learn-that there may be some dif'erence in ,6n- mn au t"^EGuag Yf4Le-t.l.' ing the matters contai e tboi ibove. RursrosistnLta Yo-rERs. -Fi the Advertiser. At .a Meeting'f 'thY"Cie.I fthis District, convened on the 4th.ite-t. 'for the purpose of making suitable arran ements for. presenting Lt. Lafayette. a. Waver, with a swiord as testinotnial of'their opitn ion of his gallant conduct in -do Battles i Mexico. On mnotiotn of Capt. Richard Ward, Col. Giles D. Mims wascalled to the chair. and Dr. 11. Y. Yarbrough'ajp4inted Secl retary. CThe Chairmattexplaiped the ob ject of the Meeting in a few-wry appro priate remarks. M uj. Thos. G. Bacon offered she follow inr Preantddie anid Resolutions, addressing a few words in explanatioa 6f'their pur pose, and was fnolowed ini supp.ort of them L. Jos. Abney, who in the course of his remarks said~. " that Lt. Waver had fought bravely, endured hardships, en countered difficulties, and braved dangers with the spirit and resolution of a gallant man, and that no one deserved higher or more lasting complimentse- That lhe heartily rejoiced to see ih.e sirit.mnanifest ed in the Preamble and Resolutions. The Preamble atd Resolutions-%vere offered and unanimously adopted.' The .Chair man then under inst ructions1ni the second Resolmions, proceeded to a'p oint Capt. Richard Ward, Col.'James -Stmyliey, Dr. J. A. A ddison, M ajor Wilson Coleman and Capt. Stuart Harrison a Commiieo-f fivec, to carry out the intentitns.of said Resolution,. On Motion of Idaj. Thos. G. Bacon, Col. Giles D. Mimi was added to the Committee. "Whereas, Lt. Lafayette B. Wever has so tnobly sustained the reputati n of South Carolina and won for himself~ imperisha ble fame ini the wa7 with Mex co, in con sequcnce of which he, cor maads our highest admiration and -re pect ; and whereas it is our duty to'dse vard brave offiers and soldiers. accorig to their just deterts.rd Res,/vrx-. 1st.-Thar we~ reseat Lt. Lafay ... Wever with ai ord suitable for the occasion, as a' testidao mil of our respect ful opinions or' hiu" sUalan and noble conduct in' the baulesjin Mexico. Resolved, 2d.-Tiita N, mmittee Uf' five be appoint b4~ the Clii man of this Meeting, to mak euch-arrtiga iments with the funds now' and hereafter at bacribed as will hiest accomtplish the objet t expressed in the first Resolution. Resolved, 3rd.-That itet. leeretary of this .Meeting, serve Lt.1%#ret wth a copy of the above Preamble' ann stsolutions. Resoved, 4th.-'-That .h4 groceedinigs bpublished in the. Edgci- Advertiser. B. Y. YAR GUGH, Sept. 4th, 1848. T ~Secretary. For the Adt Hser. It is nothing-more thtan 1atisI due to the memory of .noble heare mesn, who perish iin the service ofaheir ?ouutry, to pay to their.ashesevery-det astratien of respect, to cherish theira U es in- our bearts, and, if 'po'ssibl& ,to- cord their eeds -to posterity. Squwh Casoli4at in the war with Mexi cbIas.;vo;:for herself as bright; a wrealb as guy.ije.in the.Uuion. In every bat tie tvhigb tas fought, w-hether on Tayldr's line,d $cutt's line of operations, she .was potr ,and nobly represented by.her chil.. tren;,.atd every :field- has heeu crinsoned a'nd consecrated by. the blood of her epnts. I can even say as. tnuch of a single district -of opr o)vo Edgeficd. She had her place ip every 6ght. from Monterey and B1neVista to the storming of Chapulta pec end the taktig of the city of Qlexico. H1er escutcheon passed as untarnished thro' the thrilling scenes of theivnr, and througb even theilames and carnage of its battles, as' that of Ithe proud little State we so much adniire and love. My purpose-in this cominiunicntion iito offer a shurt tribute to he -memory of only one of the natives of Edgefield. Gii. s CIAPM N was the son of John Chapman Esq., and -the grandson of John Abuey.. Many of his friends have no knowledge whatever of his death, or of the heroic manner of his dying. He went to Indiana a short time before the war was declared against lexico, and volun teered.. inthe.'3td indiana Regiitent. It is well know., that on the 231 of Febru ary, 1847, at the field of Buena Visma. whilst the fate of the battie hung upon a thread, and the houor of the country tre.n bled in the balance, the 2d Indiana Regi meat was unable to stanul the shock; there was one company. how%ever, conmnanded by Capt. Vn. Walker, which "did not rut." -Tu that cornpany young Chap= man belonged. lIe and many of his corn rades. with their gallant commander, who received sixteen wounds, fell covered by the glorious banner of their country. and per ished togeiher on the geld of fameand blood. Such spirits as our departed friends will evet represent the pride of their State and the glory oft heir country. In life he was honest, sincere, and affectionate, and in death, "He stood by his country's glory fast, And nailed her colors to the mast." The folfowing letter and Resolutions will be sullicient evidence of the state ments made above by A TRITE FRIEND. BLAIaSVILLE, (Ind.) April 30th 1847. John Ch.pman Esq. Dear Sir-It is with feelings of sorrow commingled with pride, that I undertake the melancbolly duty of addressing you on a subject that must naturally he painful to a parent's ear. Yet under the circumstan ces, in the present case. with your sorrow you mast let pride have the preponder ance. You have no doubt ere this reaches you. observed in the papers among the killed at the battle of Buena Vista, the name of Giles Chapman--I should before this,have addressed you on the subject,.but I. had hopes that it might prove th,it your son was only wonuded. We have information now, which leaves no doubt that he was among the stain. We regret his loss here -as much as you do, bui stil. he was not-our child; and had he.been, we should have gloried in his-death- intso good'a--catlse The manner of hi-deab ;wilLof, course he a subject of congratulation to you.; as the company of volunteers to-which he at tached nimself, didsnotruan-but stood their ..e|ina.us'.irm-s-ha.Aode e coutntry is at stake. We regret here sin-cerely the -loss- of Giles, as since he becatme a resident of 4bis se5jggg.i country, he was tunivMisaly esteemetI antci liad woh firaffections of all with whom he became acquainted. He volunteered in the service of his counttry about the 6th of June, 1846. with Capt. -Wi. Walker. who was also killed. Pursuant to previous notice, a meeting of the citizens of Vanderboirg county was held at tbe Court House in Evansville. on the 17th inst., for the pump ose of paying some suitable tri'bute to the memory of our late townsmatn, Capt Wu.Lt.uM WAL KEa, and those niembhers of his company who fell with thetm at the recent battle of Buena Vista. On motion-, William Carpenter E.sq.. was called to the chair, and R. WV. Dun bar appointed Secretary. After which, Judge Battelle stated the object of the meeting in an appropriate address. 'and sffered the followitng resolutions- which were unanimsously adopted. Resolved, That the citizens of Vantder burg county huave he..rd with the most painful regret of the death of Capt. Wil liam Walker. of the 2d Regimeut of Indi ana Volunteers, atml a citizen of Evans. yille, and of Alfred William.. Edmond Wyat t. Thomas Smith. Gifes Chapman, Josepht Higginbotham, Viciumi -Tensley, Obediah Sand.thtu.mai-M'Aitins C. Ross, rivat66T~iI late Capt. Walket's comn jany, whto fell ini she battle sof Boense Vis ta, fought on the 231 or February last, while valorously sustaini ng the honor osf the Amecrican arms. At the same time, while they mourn for their loss, they are consoled by the reflectrion, thai their death was glorious. A patriot cast give no high er evidetnce sof his devotion to his couo'ty than she sacrifice of his life and blood. The citizens of Vanderburg have heard, with mingled emosions of pride and sor row, the circumstances of the death of their fellow cliizen, the brave Capt. WVal ker: he fell, not until he had received six teen wounds. atnd at the lass moment oh his life, bis sword was still upraised, show. ing that though his body was overc.omte by numbers, his spirit was still.unconquered. Nor do they forget that heo was among the frst to volunteer in.the cause for which he poured out his life's blood, atnd that his company was- raised in the counity of Vanderburg. They take this occasion to express their high appreciation of his many civie virtues. All the duties of life were performned by him with honor and fidelity. He was the enterprising citizen. the afiec tionate father, as well as the brave ad valiant soldier. Resolved -Therefore, that a committee of five be appointed to ake measures to remove the retmains of thelate Capt. Wal. ker to Evansville, and to erect a monu ment, with -suitable inscriptions to hit memoryg,tiefoQhes prvates belong ~ingohi compasiy, whio fel b his side al the battlp sWBu enaNistbWind that thley report these- pr-aceediags at an 'adjourned meeting to be held at -the Court Hs,useor the 21st inst., at half past 7 o'clock P'. E of that' day. Resolved 'hat.a copy sf thee .resst. tions be "eit tioaIrs. Walker, wife of the deceasedf Capt. Walker, anil also to'samn of the nearest relatives of the privats in the said company of Capt. Watket, whose names Are mentioned above1ns liping fal len iinhe bat(le of Buena Visti. After the adoption of the foregoing rer olutions, the chair approimred the fonolwing named persons toconstitute the corismittee mentioned ii the "econd resolution. viz. HMs C. J. Bat'elle, Jas. Laughlin, Wits. .U. Chandler. And John English Esqs. amd Capt. John L. Britroff. Oil motion, these proceedings were or dered to ho printed and publisired in the Evansville Journal. VMl. CARVENTEI Ch. R. W. Dunbar, Sec. TO T!IE B.\PTISTS OF THE SOUTH. DEa llaETIR:r: In accepting the ap poitntment conferred upon me by the Suuth ern Baptist Rublication Society. I was ac tuated by a conviction of the impo rtance of ttIohject at which the Society aims, and the hope that it wo'tld receive such sttplort as to make it worthy of its noble objeet, and of the Baptists of the South. The Society propose to publish and dis tribute such books as are needed by the Baptist Denomination in . the Somth." Facts. well knownn to all who are acq1tain ted with the subject. abundantly evince, that except the preaching of the gospel. no itstrnmentality is more elficient. and none more eheaply available, for the conver siun aid religious training of men, than the dissemination of good books. Whether we should engage in this work can admit of no question. The inquiry, how we may best co-operate for the most efieient and valuable action, has been decided by those who organized this Society. And if there should be individuals who would have prefered other plans. let thiem retn emher, that. united and vigorous efort is proferable o any plan. To accomplish the objects of the Socie ty, funds are needed-a sufficient per: manent capital to enlatge and keep up the Depository, and-to en'ble the Society to Dublish new works, prepared. by bre thern at the South with special reference to our own wants. At present the Society has no regular system of agencies, by which it will be a ble to make a personal applirntion to you for aid: and prompt and efficientyeciion on your part may diminish the necessity for such agencies. Let it be remember. ed, that, "any person may"become a mnem ber of this Society by paying annually the sum of one dollar or more; a member for life, by the paynent at one time, of ten dollars; and a-manager for life, by the pay ment, of one time, of fifteen' dollars." Cannot -you give the Society fifteen dul lars?-ten dollors?-one 'dollar?-: How. many of your neighbours aud brethertt, can you- induce. to aid us? Tothe Pas tors, it is respectfully" and eartiestly re commended to bring this subjects before. their respective Churches at-an early day, "and secure their coatributions; for -the So ciety. And will not some. good brothet in each church 'irterest himself to tsake is tastor lile, men,sber? Aow eisil,: i. most cburches. it might bdoo o soe, one would undet.ke it.. .Solicitingfort t dg and "s eo ficersanld0-. " utterest in prayers, iam, theIt~r'r 9s ul. A. M. PosNnsszra. Cor. Secretar y NH . P. S. From the Charleston Mercury. GENERAL CASS. CA:s SoUTn CAatoLin suPPOR tIt? -We have seen sisal up tn his vote against the Wilmnot Proviso in the Se:iate of 1847, Gen. Caiss has been the uniiform and cots sistent opponent of that measure. WVe proceedl to examine Gen. Cats's views on this sutject, as expressed in his Nichson letter. This letter was written in December, 1847. in reply to the quetion of A. 0. P.. Nicholson, (If Nashville. Tennessee, ask inig Gen. Cass's 'sentimsents with regard to the Wilmnot Proviso." We insvite the opponenlts of Gen. Cas to exaimitne this letter, anid we challenlge themr ill disprove that it establishes any oth er than the following p)ropIositionls: L That Con:;ress has uo right: or power to meddle with the question of slat ery either ini the States or Territories. 2. Tha t Congress, not h aving such pow er in itself, cann.tos delegate it to the Terri torial [Lea'islatures. 3. That the question of Master and Slave is one of lawv, to he determined un der the general principles of the Constitu lion, like the relations of parent aud child, hoisfstnd atnd wife, &c. Th~melfollowing extracts will speak for *Can Congress meddle with the subject in the States ? On tihis point Gen. Cass says: SWe may well regret the existence of slavery itn the Southern States, anid wish they had bleen saved from its introductioni. lInt there it is, and not by the act of the present generation ; aiii, we must deal wish it as a great practical question, isnvoking the most momenltous conssequences. We have neither ihe right nor the power to touch it where it exists; antI if we had bosh, their exercise, by any means hereto fore sutggestedl, might lead to results ichtich no wise man would willingly encnunter. and which no good man could contemplate witk out anxietly." "a Local institutions, if I may so speak. whether they have refere'nce to slaverv. or to) any other relations, domestic or public, are left to local authority, either origisnal or derivative. ConIgreas has no righs to say that there shall be slavery ins New Yolrk. or shat there shial be no slavet v in Geotr gia; nor is there any other human power ha: she people of those Stases, respective ly, which can say if they will. We will have slavery in the former, and we wil abolish it in thelatter." Can Congress meddle with the mnbject in' the Territories? In reply to tbis question General Cass writes: *The power of Congress over she Ter ritories * is to dispose ot and make all need full rules and regulations respecting the territory and property belonging to the Utni Ited States.' I" Surely (continues he) ite simple au t,orit:to,spose of and rgulate thiese does 4 hot ez4nn:3ta lchl4t ghtion ;Sbe eas ge o 'alf Ynost 'iberal " tsi 9t which, by 'thr fritn the senitetict.'''ste+ -'Territiry. ih re 'clsia 'w q crty, and trpuiei) ai%h ; uind tills was evidectly to drrahie the dnerir'l ernrttent, as 3a property holdet- *htchfrqj necessitV it .must .be..-to, utg se'rve, and * dispose of s t lfp ira mighi possesi, and wh ch asiihnfi, e sential almos to its bding. HaY' 4"iff , and 'pnrsons of our cik'end, with the V4 'it variety of ohjertA. ctinected witn i eanuot be co'nrrolled by an sut1boithi is merely 'called' into,.ziiieiceff r:ti& pose of m aking "'ruieand' "rg 1iAd the disposition ifrid med igeeriden*6f pr erty." , There bihi no righi or pd*erugfante - to Congress in the Contittio6,6Pe nexr cnrrsirfers the qiestion : Does the 'rdiNane of 17'e,18y the Congree3of the Cbn'.ef Congress of ite United blatef'f r' Sflie thinks tltat it d'Os nn, 'asnd bi4taia guage on the subject s foll'aiid'elr. " $ writes: . y mW The original ordinan''e' nf't of the Confederation, passed'i '17%a. which was the n act jpinn in force at the adop tio'ou"he' t tion, provided' coin pletetfr'at'e men for the" coutry 'north'of thO while in a Territorial conditidn6,,i b" eventual adrmisaioa in siparatetstes' ' - the Union. And the -%iiion thaiie ordinanca containdi n'thiitsb infelth necessa'y':mcaits o etecotibn p prevented atiy difet 'efere ide tdA'I ject'in theCostlfuiou, futith'aihan tt ing in Cougress-the righu fo ailinit rb St't y ftrmed under_it into the Union. Howevr, circumstances arose which rrgjred legista tion, as well over the rrritory;itrth 4f4th'P i Ohio..as over diher ie'ritroi hdtr *1hind and without th' original Uirl'n, cedgd "tp the t;eneral Government ; and at yari ?4% times a more' einlarged'puwetias'hebu Dt erefsed oer ihe Trrtories-:meanibgJte by 'he diter6itt Territorial Ubveraufrnt e thn is conveyed'b the littrited grdbtlr ferred to.'' " ' n h" 91 '4 SHov far ' ann thtlpietIM have operated intr IgAm e and stanisiistial plicatiioi, atirs diet A ib not. But certii i i:,*that the priIplb .. interference should i6t'rariin leyot the necesary~iinplietioihfch ibieeW. It should be'tWiired to the 1ti1e+ion afr~tjep er governmentsTodi'.eeSu !'g red or seitled;adttitt sinu fhor lieir- venut't 'utiri"dp Union; leaifo -oitbe me ignthesf Aer 'l code Mr1 wK"-s~" C ~ ae just as capable of "nW/o *at *, ple of the Stgtes4, athateyat ;lo a rAt;at4in t8 ~kIAW poli iedt-> i~drba - ii recogaiseg1 by~ sh iiltlf Aft -lJisrv' F Iurti Nmtis temtporargf*ditiba4 1 A y expedient3o calggto exM1' - lul:nd itadivikus tubor tidue" hdiete lhe ;t tlon otibltaitAt Ipjkistu,pbap N tedigitt.. g of hu(shand wisofp ind of aqy stJtensentdtid stituttons and thd habits fu d Certinlny, from Athe ftrgig thete can be no doubt ae to'-Geu. sound views opt the subjeet of the questi,on. They are- precisely ;j yp rdance withU thepropositionsi we have lai dowri, and are all the South requires TI-st there may -be no--nistake 'a24M mneaninig of his argument, he eutjs up ila whole of it. in the folfowing 1.aonuge ercise of any jurisdiction by4pongtsjyos g this matter; and I am in (avor .4f leyi to the people.of any tersr,hg be hereafter acquired the right irg5p' it for. themselves, under the.genegljinp ples-ofahe Coostitution.- Becauss.4s ". LI do noi see in the Constitutioq.ang grant of the, requisite power-to .Co ss and I am not disposedtex&o . ful precedent (viz:ibe,ordisanice o$Jf f beyond .it's ntecessity ,byt' 1insa:t tent of- Tertra.ovgita neceded, leaving.to,thep inhab'gisgi~al.tb. rights e,ompatibler.wi;ih tlig.gpts'they bear to the Conf'ederatiun.": C a Bum, say the opponents of Gene>Cesife eugr#i8vemitr power over trmsbpet.v and catmnot delegatehI to she .Tei-ritrialu Legislatures ;- if " to-essutjeit wastild beJa in his laniguage, "to exerciseaidespate power, uncont rolld by the- Constitddn$ what protection hase the slaveholder for -iit slave property, should heo -akeait to thW Territories 1o re, ' G3en. Cass is not mum on thetiietion." iIe tells us then shaveholder, like e'ny".theto property holder, can have.this matler*-k ulaed., under -the gerieraL pricilsa'n% the Constitution." wv lich secures&bimtii BU rights-com:patible with the relationlihob' bears to the Confederation." ' 2 And what are these 'rights? Are they) not clearly defined in the Constitytion 1 Under the geueral principles .of mhat.i,a strument, are not the Territories regarded. as property common to the people ot~I the States-" to enjoy therein .ther i liberty and property;, nor " to bg depiv of either without udue process of law ~" Ta ke .a practical instance. *Suppos the slaveholder should rake -bis.slave wit-' hiit-into any of-the Termitoriea.eqs.e 4Erj can a'ny power therein deprive:.higiME - ownership. in -the same ?.- GensG,dhn showno that Po law-of =Congress. ca4Oga ~ -our can the Territorial Legislature;tlge cause it can exercise no power asirqe lure which its creator (Cotgesssessa exercise. Surpose, nevertheless, thm the abolitionists of the Territory at.tes~. take aiway his slave or aid in,this Aihtj# 'rThe mnaster still has his remedy hyan.~ tioi of traver to recover the prpery,~~ any of the United States Courty.~, wherever his slave might.eespe.g, tp Territory.or State o( q$eXtuionap. ' Cuinstitutiqa (4 art. 2 see.4 " in ' delivered up on claim of tke pe eA .hnm~ his srervien or labor may 1e4u &&.