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We will cling to the Pillars of the Temple of our Liberties, and must fall, we will Perish amidst the Ruins." VOLUME X1I. TOO. T I NO. 43 PUBLISHED EVERY WEDNESDAY. BY WM1. F. DURISOE. 1DITOR & PROPRIETOR. NEWV TERMS 'TwolDOLLARSand FIFT'tCtTSperannum, paid in advance -$3 -fnot paid within six months front the date of sthsciption. and $4 if not paid before the expiration of the year. All subscriptions will be continnel, u nnless otherwise ordered before the expira tion of.the year ; bitt no paper will be dis 'conitinned until all arrearages are paid, un less at the option of the Publisher. -ny person procuring fire responsible Sub fcriber4, qhall receive the paper for oe year, gratis. vADvRTISKxTS conspicuonslyinsertedat75 cets per square, (12 lines; or less.) for the firstinser'tion. and 37.3 for ea.h continuance. Those p'iblished monthly or qarterly. will be charge : $1 pie*r square. Advertisements not having the number of insertions marked on them, will bA contintued uutilotdered out and charged accordintgly. Communications, post paid, will be prompt ly and strictly attended to. BY The following gentleiten tire announ iced by their friends as candidates for the Otlice of Tax Collector. at tlte ensting election Col. JOHN QUATTLEBU3\, GEORGE J. SHEPPARD, EDMUND MORRIS, S43ll'SON B, MAYS, Lieut. JAMES B. HARRIS, Maj. S. C. SCOTT, LEVI R. WILSN. JAMES SPANN. S.UTH CAROLINA AND HER RESOURCES. Under this head, the Columbia Tele giaph has ronre reflections calling the attention of the citizens of the State to the-subject, and appends ite following list of the Cotton Factories aid Iron Works in operation, and- giving ..such inlornation to their progress-, as the editors have been able to obtain, C TTON PACTOnMES. 1. The DeKalb Cotton Factory', near Camden-doing a fine business. 2. The Bivingsville Cotton Fattory, -near Spantanburg C. H.-now the prop eity of G. & E. C. Leitlhr-dtiing we;l. . A new establislhiment now beitig erected by Dr. Bivings, on a largescale not yct in full operation, bit, Ii un in intelligence aud energy of the pri oprietor we htave no doubt of his success. . ThitSaluda Fact oiV, nleai Colum whic fits. been u.dergoing repairs ralftn aSbeoung ate, i t ebitsunL e n noqi - or t e last three years 5. The Vaucluse Factory, near H ai burg,.tder the managemen of Getiertil James Jones, we utderstand is douig well. 6. The Graniteville 1'actory, near Aiken, lately es~ablishe-, and tinder tlte 11 Mngemeltnt of that intetigent and pa triotic cilzen, m. Gregt_, Esq. 11 is nime alone is a guarttntee of tie success of the eIstablishlent. 7. The Futon Factory. near State. borg, under the management of Col. Dyson, ait enterprising and meritorious gent'elmn, is doinca well. S. The M~ount Dearhorn Factory, on lthe Catawha, lately pitt in operation, under thei niagement n! its etiterprisin: ptoprietor, D. Al. McCulloch, 19.q. is bound it) succeed, 9. The! M1-arlhoroutih Ynrn Factory, owned by M--ssrs. Twtisend & Nf' Queen, and now leased to an etel pri sing, Practical mantnfitctrer firtm t he the Nomrth. In this F..ciory, we wtnr siantd, none but white ope'ratives ate }employed; but wve hatve not beent in fortmed of its success, since it htas fillen into the hands ofuthe pre sent les-e. For several years previouts, ntader tite mtan agemnenit of Mi. rlTwt5nn, lsq., we believe it was doittg well.-The Yat n mnanufauctured at this esialishmewnt .has been, heretofore, mowtly contracted for at the north, and shiped and sold at a 10. There is a sma;ll Factoryv at So ciety 1l11l, owned by~ Cu!. Williu nst, fromt wihhe supplies his own) plamnitaton and those of the surt ounding neigthbor hood,. with a vetsy sup~erior artlicle of Cotton Bajgging. He atlso ships Yarnt to ai northern market. .11. There is, besides, un extensive establishment of this kind, now in prto gress of construtction near Chtarleston, fhom which we have reason to <xpect (hp jiest results; and seaveral minor es ;abalishments in the back cnuntry, where water power, equal to any ini the world, abounds. IRN woIcs. 1. The Cherokee Iron Works, on Broad River, in Spartanburg District, veyextensivu-; tnnder the manag~emnnt ofMaj. Thus, T. Twiss, dning~ a fine business. -2. The Sotith Carolina Iron Works, on Pacole-t in Spaurtanburtg District, doing an) extensive business. 3. The. Kitng's Motuntain Iron WVorkos on Broatd Rliver, in York Distric', doing, acenrdin~g to a late report of their Board pfDirectots, a very fine business. Besides some minor establishiments, all of whicht appear to be getting on suc r..nes.uly Statistics of Methodist Episcopal Churrh .tRort.-Fi on the official min utes of this Church for 1847, just p-ob lished by Line & Tippitt, we gather some rathie interesting statistics, though not in one respect of the most gratifying character. Thei e is a decrease of mem bership amtuintitg to 12,741, of this number 12,184 are whites. rhete are twenty-four Conferences in union with the Church, of which the Bahimore Conference has the largest membership, viz: 52,338 white and 16,3S7 colored. Ohio stands next numerically, having a white ni-nbership of 61,684, and col ored 514. Philadelphia, New York and Pitaburg are next. The Vermont Conference has thesniallest. The total ie.mbership in the twentyTour Confe, rences is, white 600.941; colored 29,901; [idia ns 716; total 631.538. There are 3,296 travelling preachers, 346 super annuated, 4,913 local; total 8,555. c These statistics do not include the South ern branch of the Methadist church. New York Com. Adv. S The Divisinn in the Methodist Church. f -A vriter in the Nashville Chritian c Advocate, in a letter addressed to Rev. Dr. Elliott, of' Cincinnati, tareatens, if r the General Conf'erunce of' the Northern q Methodist Church should refuse to di. t vide the property with the Church a South, that a suit in chancery may be the result. And should the Court requiro U the North to settle with the South on - the plan of seperation, lie says that i. t would oblige them to pay over to the douth at least $150,000, in annual in( stalments of $25,000 each. Should the I Court disregpid the plan of' separation, i and decide upon the principles of gene, a ral equity, it will require the Northern Book Huom tt pay over at once a sum a qual to $340,000 more or less-. a Died in the Harncst.-Last- evening I as the Rev. Mr. Tappan, the excellent cbaplii ol the Almns House, was con cluding his opening ptayer in the chapel of the institution, dur ing Divine service, his voic faltered, and be suddenly f6.ll b in the pulpit in an apopletic fit. Dr. Reese, the resident physician, with sev bt though patml consciousness return, elf-bj the'use of restoratives, the ve-ne- I ruble'ian samk dut ing the night under inivetsal paralybis.-N. . Com. Adv. Strange Case of Sannambulism - At elevea o'clock on Sunday nightt last r a ooving object was discovered perched 1 on the top of the liberty polo standing 1 at the corns'r of Gouveneur and Cherry streets. The object was waitched for a considerable time, when it beg-in to de.s, cend. andI was disc'overeiid to be a mati, Mr. Jesse Coonmbs, of 609 Vate!r str eet. fie had nothirg on his pia son but a shirt anld drinets, and on his reaching the eroond be r-it quite a lonlg distiance be fore he could well be overthken. lie was then contveyd to the station htou't., when ie appearled perfectly la tional, but had not the least recullectin i of whit had taiken place. H.- had retired to b'ed at all eat ly hour, anl had escaped 'r. n his housei by a window. The pole n lich h. ascetnded was one hurndit d aid I twenty five feet h-gh. A mm e sinuIr a case iof somnamtbolism we hive not re, corded for a long time. -Ntw York Ez-. press. T1he Black Death.-T he gr'eatesta calanmity that mntkid have ever e'x per'inced in theo formn of' pestiletnce, i commnenced about the yeatr 1345. 1 II istoria:ns reiue thtat it commen ced ini: Cathwauy, Chtina, and was pr1ecemded by I, thte but's:tng of a lhuge mettotr, or glob.' of' lire. It spu * ad ove r atll thIe kitownc wo:tId, andl Dr. Web'ster says: "Thtis plague wa's so deadly thfat att least htalIf'i or two thhi d5 of' the huma~n tace perishede in about eighty V eatrs. It wats most f'a- t tatl in citie's, but in uto place died less than u a thtird of' the inhabaitants. Inti tmany cities perished ninte out of ten of't the people, and imany places were whtolly depoptulatted. In Lonidoni, 50,000 dead bodies were buri'id in one grav'e-yatrd- I In Norwich about the sanme rtnmber. In Venice, diled 100,000-in Lubec, 90, I 000-in Florence, the satne number.t In the East, pertshed twenty nuillions t in one year. In Spain, thucedi~ease raged three yeats, and carried off two I thirds of the peleil. It was pariticutlarlyv fatal in Dentmar k. It reachted the htigh-' est northern laititudes ; it broken otut itn Ieland, and was so fatatl, thmt the set tlemtents are supposed rnot to have since recovered thteir population. It was cal, led thte " black death." It wais atti'ndedi by a gtreat death of' fishes and an imals..-Scietiich Mechianic. Mrs. Digby stupposes that ithe reason why pigeons have red legs and feet is because they are out in all weather with "rom the N. 0. Picayklne, Extra, of the 51k inst. ARRIVA. OF T111 NEW ORLEANS. The steansip New Orleans, Capt. %uld, arrived this Morning, having lefi era Cruz on the ht inst. The British courier arrived at Vera .ruz on the 31st of October, having eft Mexico on the 29:i, to which date ve have letters and p;pers. Gen. Lane entered Puebla on the .3th ult, with 3,000 nmen and six pieces if artillery-so says a despat cli of Santa nna. The latter could effect nothing gainst hitm on the Pinal. Gen. Smith has been appointed Gov rnor of the city of Mexico. Ge neral ,-itrnan is about to return to the United ;tates. Gen. Shields, Capt. Philip Cearney, Capt. Davis, Lieut. Kiger and ither oficeis will acrompany him. The health of the army is far from iping good. The climate of the valley if Mexico is not, as it appears, conge dial to the constitutions of the South. It 9just as enervating and fatal to the outhern, as is thait of Veta Cruz to the iohern constitutions. The effective rce of the entire army is reduced ten I fifteen per cent. The city of Mexico was filled with unmors of peace, It was said that a uorum had met at Queretaro, and that he majority decided in favor of an micable adjustment of difliculties. The train which is come down will c under the command of Col. Harney. L great number of wounded officers are L accompany. Maj Gaines, Catpt. Cassius M. Clay, wap'. Heady, Maj. Rowland, Capt. )anley and Midshipman Rogets come ome, and we are happy to add our ssociate Mr. Kend:all. Mr. Bankhead, the 3iitish Minister, rrived at Vera Cruz on the 30th tilt. nd was received with tmiliary honors. A letter from an English house dated 'ueblam, October 20th, has been received t Vera Cruz, from which our corres. londent makes the following extract : PUEBLA, Oct. 20. S a However, we may soon ave our communication open for 1500 tnericans left yesterday with eight lieces of attillerv, and ettcred Atlisco, istance.-Particulars have not yet anspired. This will make our State Government amove to a distance, and carry aloig itR it the guerrillas which have been oing so muich inijny. They all (guer illas) came from a distance-lhe pnpu ion in our own imme Jiate neiglibor -od never having shown any great dis osition to take up aris in the present var. Tme principal part of the force re ently under Santa Anna is understood a have marched for Puebla. Being tirely utnprovided for, they subsisted v tapine and plunder. Lieut. C. G. Daniels, of the 2d Ar I ery, has diled of his wounds. It is said, and we believe truly, that ,apt. Walker, (:f the Rifes, was killed a tie affair at IlIuamantIa, Capt. W. ,-t th - castle o'' Perote in commaid of irev cotiimanies in advaire of Gen. ;ane's train. Nine miles south of Pit bhi he net 900 Mexicans, said to lie nidecr thle immnediatte commanatd of Sanitta tina In c::aigittg, Capt. W. receivetd lance wiiund ent irely tharough~ i the bmd,u, tnlds, lost a leg by a ctannoit shot. is pecrsonal antagonist in thte chiarge, nd whlo Ia nced himt, wvais a ceh-brated uerilla chief; it is said that fhe hatd woirit vengeance against Capt. WV. amt lhe, too, fell in the coanflict, and by Valket 's hands, receving two balls from is revolver. Cap ft. Layvall, and eiebtteen mien of his iomUpatty of' moun ted Georgiants, antd rm six to ten of the Rites, atre also nwnv to kav e bte killed in the chatrgt 1 Ca pt. Waikem. A tman nam, d Ra trg, of Balhiaimre, itnterprter foer Cap lt. Valke'r, lust a le". fruom a dischmarge of iillery. Col. WVyn knop writes that at the Me'xicants were slaiughtierered fer this like sheep. A duel was fought neat Vera Crtui, etween Capts. Wanington anad WVhite, ~ih muskets, at sixty piaces. At the rst lire Capt. WVanrinigton received a all tharought the fleshy part of botha legs elow the knee'. A duel wvas fouaght atbout the 24 th ult. tmvwe'en Caipt. Porter of the rities, and rcher of the vohigeurs. At the seconad ire Capt. Archer wvas shtot in thme aibdo. nn-a severe but nut a danagerout rondi. Ga'n. Mo~Jra y VTdamnil haas beena ap maminted Me-xier 1 Secretary of WVar. Lit'm 'hatck. .iord. of the 2d Artillery mas dieti ofhais wounds. As fatr back as the 14th uilt. Gens, ~il w and Shields wero able to he bott.' The 'Leonidas' letter made a grea tir in the army. One of the abovt luls grew nnt of it. The i erican Star says that the Americ 6inve entared Orizaba. Theni force wa out 400-we suppose prin cipally,. unted men. No opposition was mad o' tlem. Many merchants went in . them. Gen.' tierson's command has not left Vera ritz. It will *be conioed of tit _ 5000 men. The Texan Ranger hp with him. Assist Surgeon Tredwell died at Vera Cr n tbe 24th ult., of vomito. Gen. hall is ill at Vera Cruz and will not ble to go up with General Patterso He will, wair till Gen. But, ler's. divi -arrives. -- Liiut. kn, of the South Carolina Regirnei d Capt. H uddlesnn, of the 14th laare dead; the former of Ils woun :,nd the latter of a bowel conplai. There Rseveralhhocks of an earth quake e city of Mexico on the morning he 2d of October, and again at midoi on the 5th. Thev do not appear to ve been very severe, as no d imaage j doe in the city with the exceptio' eking a frFw walls. A ne has been established in the cap entitled La Razon. It is publishe irely in Spanish, is a dem ocra tic r and advocates the re-es tablishm f the constit ution of '24. Lieu . Deph D. Bacon, of the 6th Infanr'ry- d on tm 12tl uilt. of wounds received e battle of Churubusco. The . aper El Mezicana of the 14th-ui ja it has received letters from 'Q tro, in which it is stated thate -3monte has been received there tIrked courtesy by the person .-appeared to be most in power, .1,iihwas reared that they were concocts t.pronunciamento against the 1iwf erntent. Tues American, a new paper estaish" .he capital, and published in b1th Iad Englitsh, says, Ott the 35th It appears that a large number . .puties of the Congress, foriin ' ti , have got tip a protesi a ga init Pella holding the Pa e s ie tial pc n ofthe New York Re itp teers died on the 10th am.-recei - - ninaig Chiapultepec. Senor Rosa, the Mexicain Secretary of State, has, under the instructions of Pena y Pena, addressed Sant. Ana a note from Toluca, ordering him to giv. up the command of the army to Get. R1incon, until his conduct ini the late battles shall have been investigated by a inflitary'oouncil or court martial. A letter dated the 12li tlt., received at the capital from Qweretaro, says Pena y Pena had just arrived, in comiapany with a few deputies, itaking the total number in the capital a bout fifty. It was thought, says ihe Star, endeavers would be male at once to orgamar - a Governnicnt, which would setile ahe qnstion of peacc or war. Ifa quorum of Cungress could be assenbed, the lirst question whiichli would be brreng!ht up would be the presidency. Aloate wias spoken of as the caididate of the Pmois and some of the MA doros, and O'aguibel, Governor of the State ol Mexico, as the candidae- of the oppo sing parties. Nearly all the oflicers of thle dlisperse~d a rmiy were at Qaeretarel, daml it is said found it hiard to obtaini sub gistencle. The military force at Qauetetaro con sisted of about 1,00t0 cavalry uand inifan try, with six pieces of artillery fromu G'uadalajara, under the commnanad oh Gen. lieredia. Thle Star is assairedl by a Mexican tat thle cathedral of Guaidatlajara lied been saicked by the p erties opposineg thet Ichmu chi. T1he S tar ilainks there is seame thitng imnpotrtant and 'deep rooted' in tbis. Ea:rthquake, says the Not th A meric-nti of the 30th til., are att the presenit time of very frequent ocecurrence ini this beau uiful cotuntry. A few days ago the vil Igae o' Ocotla was totally destared, Thet Canton de la Bairca lhts also suafl.ored a severe shake, tharowing~ dnwn hantses andJ the tower of the ptrincipal chatrch. We have had four or these unpiletasant visitors in this city since our occupitlat of it. The 'Mexican Eagle,' is the name of a ne w Mexican journatl, juast comamenced at the capital. The editor does not be lieve in opposing obstacles to any nego It iations that may lead to an amnicable ad jIustment oaf the differences, and says thait 'Paoviee has decreed the dlestinly of the nation. The folloewing is the stab. stan~ce of a muotto at the head of the E~agle :'An honorable peace ennobles nations, and the magnantimity of dhe north will not let them offer us termis other than honiorablo.' Gens. Rincon and Bravo have been exchanged for Capts. Heady and C. M. Clay. and other Encarnacion priso ners. r, Th~ere has been a revolution in Gua dalajara. Mr. Kendall thinks Gomez Farias is at the bottom of it. From the Chars. Erening ANees. ANOTIHERt LAUREL FOR SOUTH CAROLINA. TheIl correspondent of the Missouri Republican, writing from the "National Palace, City of Mexico, Sept. 28," over the signature of "Gomez," gives a ivery interesting account of the storming of Chapultepec and the city or Mexico. le announces two facts which are in the highest d gree honorable to the only two volunteer regiments engaged in those aflUrs, and-which we do not recollect to have noticed in the imperfect accounts already laid before our reatlers. One of these is, that the first colors given to the breezefrom the citadel of Chapul trpec, wcre the Regimental colors of the Neo York Regiment, and the other, that the Palmetto banner of the South Carolina Regims.nt was the frAt Amer ican standard that floated from the walls of Mexico, Our readers will remember thdt the recent letter of "'Mustang," of tho New Orleans Delta, in which it was stated ihat the first person who entcred the Zity f Mexico was our fellow-citizen, Lieu. tenant Stuart, of the Rifles, who leaped the ditch and led ilic way into the city. The light corps-ihe Rifles and the Voltigeurs-were of course in the ad vance; immediately after these came our own gallar' Regiment, ever foremost in the fight; and to the brave Lieutenant Sellick, of the color company of that Regiment (and who was wounded in the exploit,) belongs the honor of having first planted the proud ensign of our State upon the outer walls of the Mexican capital. We annex tlit part of the letter of "Gomez," which relates to these tran sactions But as I design ibis simply ns a has ty sketch, reserving a description of the works, the distinct operations of each division, &c., for a mote leisure mio mnt, I cannot parttilniize. Both Gen. Pillow and Gen. Shieltt were wounded; Colonel Ransom, 6f the 9th Inmfatry, and Mjo Twigk; of the Ma -rtZT .m, .t.~ . , New York Regiment, mortally wonided, and has since died. Gen. Quitsman's vo!unteer division in this attack bore the brunt of the batile, and the firs: col ors given to th breez from the citadel of Chapitlepec we-re the regimental col ors of the New York regiment. Go. Shields was woumled in the left arm with a slug iii the early lvart of the charge -.ipon the work, and; retiring a short finie to have it bound up, tninedi atelv returned to his command, where he remained until hnstilities ceased for that night. G!'n. Pillow was wounded in the leg while leading his command throuch a wood at the baso of Chapul. tepvc, andi for a wile it was s ipposed lie would lose it. lie is, however, doing well, and in short time will be able to take comma lnd of his division again. Immediately on taking Citapultepec, and as soon as hts division could be form ued and re-suipplie~d with a mmunition, G.-n. Quitnan adv.imced upon the city by the way of Chapnihepec causeway, T his was the most direct toute to the city, imniediately in range of the hesavi, est bateries and th-e citadel of the ene my had the principal portion of his force pos5ed. Ther fire was conceded, by all who participated in or witnessed the struggle to the most severe atid itrcessant that uever a body of men adlvanced under in any war of whlich history furnishes an account. The several batteries of the enemy thro wn across the cau'setway were severe-lly attacked and cart ed, G en. Qiitmmnalways leading ini the advance. Naxt he chairged upon the Garita de Belen, (the gate of Belen,) the main enpati ance intoi the city,. and at twenty minimes past one o'clock carried iri and took aposinton withini the city of M~exi co. Whetn our advance first reached the garita, there being no flag among thenm, Gin; Quitmant took a large silk red hand kerchief, and fastening it to the 1t0p of a rifle, waved it in triumph from the walls of the city. A few nmonments afterwards, however, die color company of the Soth Carolinta regiment came up when Lt. Sellick, of that regiment, ran up the Palmectto colors, by order of Ge'n. Quitmain, from a small building near it, and whlile gallantly waving it amuid the shouts and tutzzas of the entire divisioni, lie wais severely wounded in th hg.Thus it will be seen that bothifrm thte citaidel of Cha puhtepec and fromt the walls of the city of Mexi co, the first American standlatds that weeevnto the winds wetre those of wociznsoldier regiments-the New Ym,,k aind Sombth Carolina, and both of G en. Shield's brigade. An Important Incident ofthes War. -The Natinlni1nrlligneer nublishes a letter from Mexico; date'd September 28, which relates at least one incideit connected with the capture of that city, whichi his not before coiie to our knowla edge. It appears that on the 13th of September, after tT fortilications at Chapultepec had been carried, and Gens. Worth and Quitman had fought their way into the city; "and when out Sparian band anticipated a fiercer strug gle during the ensuing day than that whinlh they had just'ncountered, Com. missioners were despatched froim ad city of Mexico, on -,the part of the municipal authorities, id 'Tcubaya, to agree upon ternis.of capittilation with the General-in-Chief. Tbey arrived abodt midnight and continued their intervie* until near daylight; without accom. phishmig any thing. en. Scott inform. ed them thdt he *ould sign ahy papet in the city that h6 would ot of it; and that, as they had Eauied him all the loss and trouble they could, lie intended his army shodld now march into the city in triumph, utnrestricted, by any terms f capitulation whatevej Gas from Rosin.-We some time since alluded to a discoVery made by B. F- Coston, Esq., by which he was able to generate gas from rosin, whiti gas produced a light not equalled by any now known, for brilliznay, strength and economy. He was-employed by the Goverinment to light several light houses by this plan, and in every case was fully successlal. We learn that more recently, Mr. Coston has beed the means of organiting the Sylvic Gas Light Company, o1 South Boston, has been appointed Supei-intending tngi neer; and is now engiged in constructing apparatus for various mills, hotels, fac tories, churches, &6. In short, the experiment has been eminently success ful, an.i the invention is not only calculated to realize, for its author, fame but fortune.-Bali. Clippbr. Rilesfor a Man.-i.' Marry notg woman who cannot make a shitt or cook a meal's victuals.-Such a wife6wldst keep d man poj al ..h herself bettei than eveiy hody. else4 because it shows a want of sense, sh will have but few friends. 3. Marry not i woman who is fre quently finding fault with others, becasd she will be eternally scolding. 4. Marry not a woman who is fond (f spinning street 'fain ; because suei a woman will never be doniented at home. 5. Marry not a wdm,.n *ho is id the habit of slandering her neighbors, and giving edr to the gossipping she hears ; such women nake the very worst of wives. Editori.-An editor's dmties, (ssyg somebody) even in a case eomparatively unimportant, are enormous and unthank ful ; thase he praises, "love him less thad their dinner ;" ind those he finds fault with, "hate him a6oit-e than thd devil." Piont thi Charleston Eve. eoi GRlEAT SPEED on LOCOMOT1Vl.E We often see heralded., in the papers., -Greit Inmprovements,'. 'N'w Invenitings?' and *Potented l.ocomnotives,' lif which a s peed of some forty or' |(fy miles n'as beed attained. On a mnoregpcedi obcasiob i+d have pubtlished "A New,inglish Locouid live," runing on trial ttips sixty inasilty. six mites au hour; uh'e reader is heuce led td the conclusion that ingenuttyj discovered some n'ew - pplicatio'n of tle mechanic powers, producing thess 110od. derful resulhs. A Locomotive ied cine which is itself move: by .S itaf engine. Trhe eipanelve feuwer Of @e~m in the piston originates the moton,~ which is commnnicated by a r-od t'o U wheel, the revolutions and ta-cto of #iehai impart adhesion and velociiy to t'hi6 wvhole eon trivance. It is self-evide'rjr, therefore, thai with expansive power stishcient in a piston,. of proportionate dinstn~ons, almost any speed may be acquired by an inacreaued dianieIsr of tlie woheel. A larger or smaller piston contains more or less of the power of steam: and t'hi rapidity of thbe stroher imparts the like velocity to the wheel. A wheel, therefore, of ten feet diameter, withs the same number of revolutions per mini. ute, tlust pass over double the space that one of five feet wvould perform. The John C. Calhoun, on the Soutfr Carolina Road, with vwesof ffve and hall' feet diameter, hasow a tritaI~ trip rum at aspeed of a mile in one minute, orma the rate of sixty miles in one hour. By an increase therefore of ber &oiler to furniiair the quantum of steam necessary, and of her risim o-ro artain the pogyer, and doubt ling the diameter of her iiVheel to elevem feet, a velocity of one bndered and 'wenty miles might be obtained in one hmour, Tihr enlarging of the driving ' heels. howeser, 'mnvolves the elevation of the whole ma. chinle, which may be so high above the track as to become hazardous at 'these high speeds, without a wider~gsuge. The u heels. however, may e a ialargd to .sck