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-y ;4.. -.*~ - .~ . - - 4-- ---- - _ - - - r- .~ - - ."We will cling to the Pillars of the Tenmple of ourtibertiesjun ewill'Perieh amid.: the Ruin.." a - Y1Et -'cuie -L,1S5 - - -4 .- ? - VA &FPP &C0 Rr s45 D ADVERTJ5ER ~ i~3~gS Eg PROPRIETOR. - KJ. -~ TERMS. and- Fires Ctrrper-annum. 3-j if. ujt paid 'ithin six 4vi e..date of subsc'ription.- and n e ithe expiration. of the r tIoi will be continued, d befor.p:the dxpira e o paperwill be discon A~iedtk-pij4rnortprages are pai ounless at ""it UPublisher. .15 - pb*Wou6 ifrawd five responsible Sul I b11,receele paperfotone year. Conspidcuouslyiiered at 7.5 r qu(r, lines, or less,) for the f #qqyAt6nhdP7j for eachcontinnatce. i "ed monthly. orquirterly, will L prsquare %dvertisemnents i 1ofe ber iinrt-ons marked m be contitued unAtil ordered ont If ditdaccordingly. munications, post paid ill be prompt diericif ttiended to. - j ..7fro c ]VA6dent's r if k~nate'and H6use .* -a -,ioatieb of hIe. inted States - i teme a.source of una'iecteu autisfaction ei :, ql eprest iies of the Stptes and IVw assembled. asit will be to r i their coinbiid'wisdOm in tb i4 i of public afflfs In "Per- sp fdrthii rl ime the duty imposed on ,of - cgnjeitntion, of -givtig o you:Infor- fn e of the U nionv And -recom- mI ~.iezj to yqur.consideration such measures rel ~y-jtiddigeint are necessary and. extedi- an taabdpp.that I can congratilatc.you on, wil -- tie ,proeperity.of our country. Po 'Eallieig the atention of Congreqis 't our du Rtii'onse tIhforeign powers, Lam.o ratified to alp 5iatethat thoug h witli some of theia ted t'iilieexisted since out last sessMionserious Ar 7caus, f-iuitition and imisuderntandipg yet ico hactualostikties have taketiId" .:A siance if the joint re olutiina of Con- Th doroneinfgTex'a4totre U.ates," the on ithe third day-of lic 1.-45, an -?k. leto tiaUlite .fiist and seint.r -ection 1iv, C-t of v esohitiinjsb she republic )ftexa" a's nir >~--az rnveon jhe part of Ilie U:-tas..for ct r a dm iionas. arSta ito'oir~ dan: The icai idriipr 'eiind. a1cedisly" -the -clii .4fi*A6ed'ffliireoftheUnitedIStntes irTezs Cnl nity a.9 i10th of .MIaz'on-1845. dil sei he bjof the .reaniafo tw n to1 U - enk it-t0hiiit ohf wei 41p . ieitHlafi be- stin pmQI Opgigeis.- It is wsil:kiisoweiilasoflik the linr Texasir~he pollliaie accepted the eigi tion, aiid raujied ,b. cons it d the comnn at& 1 r Congrass the- correspon- ria: cece e-dthe Secretary o0 biat'e and oir the eare d iires in-Texa; nid' ilm tIe cor pait reZponlici o tih'e, latter-i,'til~e utitl(lientes 'mild rexas, to ether 4%dth theotIcial docame1ts 1 hi ianmitt4 to himto lhis owii government ted T teg s nrannexation-ihich we ifi red was the Uinitedf States ia.ing 'beUn accepted by 184 Texis. the pIblic faith of.boih_.pailies is sol- trea chnig,.pledged to the couipaci-of .their union the Notinbgrernainis to4:nauimate the event, but con the ga of-any act by Congress to ediinit pain ~ hittale of Texas into the Union upon aii prit eal footing ih the datundI Sth:res. Strong a-ri reasons'exist why this should be dlone at di e-q early peiiod ofthe sessio., It will be observed tern hIt by ihei ciistitution of Texas the existing day gorer, want is only continued teuipboarly till est I congi'essean' act; and that the 3rd .oniday of thr the presett month is the. day Appoiied for paiu - oldaligthefirstgeneral eleciont. Uthat-day nr governor, a lientenant governor, and both '1 brancher of the' Legislature, will be oloieni 4 the by h eeople The President of Teks is re- ahre qutyed.imediately afier the receipt of ollicial I clai ;oformatiorithat the new- State has be'e ad- citi: nittedtinto; our Union by Congress. to con- le: %enae legislaure - andi upon't its met ting; the so fI Alrilji -government will be superseded, and thiei thbe-Sjate governmelnt, organized Questions conr ~deeplyinteresting Ru Texas, ini commotan with te ~,''heaqther Stafes; the extension of onr rovenue tren iwsndjtdicial system over hecr people and certa j--'triatory as well as mneasutres of a local char- lion .~z~Wil claim 4the early attention of Con- rece ~-~~.idtierefore, upon every principle of ernt pu en'gvrnetshe oughtt> be r epre- fi ~ened'dutthafbody, without nnecessary delay. beel - o@.iihtoo .arnestl recoumnend proiipt are - n un thur important suhject * . i er ~ tgret olnform youithat our relations wsith tiint * -N~ Txcn,usmeeyour last sessiot, have not been nev - 3bei amiuble character-which it is our desire hadl ~--r~utiva'with all foieign nations. Ont- the hl'" tifarch last, the AM6xtcatn envoy ex-an ' traii rfend mintster flenipotentiary to the l"g -.- -4xie States; malse a ormal Protest, it the deat ;~ ~~iaiise~Cis go'vernmnettagainst thiejoinit res al9 S~Jcton iassed byr Congres,.for the annexationUn to thie United State's, -of which he mtde t sregrasa vfolaion of the rights of of a 'aiid ia consegnenice of it, he detitan- tiva .iisplispous. Hl e-was unfouned that the haiv ett te-n tedSttes, dtd not coni- iihe - " ~tihisisolutionas a violatiotn of any hop itritgb~ ofexico or that it affarded any nti ~nstaus~c~fencathtss jrnvernment ;' that m" a Bsnblic of TixaL Was an indi pierdent coli f.~p~wy~ o* no alle' ince to $1exico, and V -- .~, ~a4 gnoptiri'heerinory or rightful thc aov n'uiie~dieuon- He ~was afso as- enho * A~s teee esire of this go- have ~intain, nvTir thatiot. Alexico rela- to a: esccand'good wuderstandig. Th'at of ft anrgi~eeentviiadn these remt - pjnsarid asturances, abruplyter- for: y),~' ~edha miigsion, andzshortly after wards left men ,iur"itvoy *Extraordiniary and 1cont bik tnray' ':'o: Mlexico wvas re- end, d-~aine'rourmtdith that goveun- this natari i-dgver.onths; by mnot a W4gTOvernmaent, lie re- -ly,' a t taesgThus, byj ta'e of all 4 antemecne be- was fl Sutd goimturies utigv -~ ~ ~ u$ fwit~fr~scd-ehi lIst. and for that purpose were willing to ac credit a minister from the United &tas4 With a sincere desire to paeserve peac,'aH9d to restore relations. orgood understauiiniig. - tween the two republics. I waitvd'al cere many as to the manner of renewing diplotnatic iatercaurse between them; and, misuming;the initiative, on the 10th of November a distiii. guished citizen of Louisiana was apointed Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenitgl tiary to .exico, clothed with full pverstb adjust. and defin itely settle, all pendiifdier ences betweeni the two countries, incliudir'aim those of boundary betn'er'n Mexico aiid ire. State of Texas. The minister appointed has set out on his missiont, and is iprobably by. thii tinie r.ear the .ilexican capitol. He ha,.pbecn inistructed to bring-the negotiation with: which-i le is charged to a coiclusion at lte earliest practical period; which, it is expected, will ie if iue to enable me to communicate the resjult o Congress during tlie present se-sion. Utitil ha return is known, I forbear to recommend o Congresssuch ulterior measures of* redress or the wrongs and injuries we have-ua'e long mrne. as it would have been proper to make id no such negotiation been itistituted. . ' Congress apiji-opr-iated, at the- last session, le Stm of two hundred andseventy five thou' and doliars for the payment of the April- and uly iistalnenits of -the Mexica indemnities arthe year 1844; "Provided iteshall beascer tined to the satisfac-ion *of the American g'ao ernment that said instalments have been paid. the:Mexidn.gdi edrnment to the agent ap ointed by the Ulnit-d States to recoive the tine, itt such manner as to discharge all claim the Mexican goverinent. :nd aid 'agent' be delinqtent inl rvunItotttg the inottey to'the nited States." The unsettled state of' our relatitions with exico, has involved tihic subject in. lnuch yatory. The first imliot itiatiot. in all attinen fturn, fruin the ,getnt fit OIL Uait'ed States, ipoitced umder hi i ih tUiiinot of ns prc cessur, was received at the S.Peve partmneii,. If November last. Thiss i s oiltainsed in ' i ter, dated 17th td., addressedl bly ina ti one i our citizens., Iteni lit Me sxico, wilh the viewi having it euintaiscated to-that Depiartqi itt. I in thiS, it aipears, tilat tihiat aeni, on 1t.1' ih dept.id44. give a receipt to the Treasury..A 31.exico, ir the nmonit of too April aid ' fy- instaisemts .t i tie 1inmnststy. . Ii i the 111e Co6tiimiuojeeitiios Ion ever lie as-erts that -1 hl not received .# single ottar tat casn,. buj, I If lie holids sticu securitims as warratted int the tie lt goviIig tile-recali't, find euitriatam doubt that he. wil- evi-nltlly rceive 16i7 eney: :A- tiese instalents ilesear never' have beet acetitly, paid * the gov.'ntiiieu t ex ro to the agent nod s thint governinet relore itts notieen relesed so as.to die biie clain, do not cc inysillmat id etlier,1.ny, anl what relef1 ugibyte rua.. u Is thet. Our .Amiste' Ati has beer. us't.ctdblio tsacerinn the ifctef case front thi .exian ..~goeruniu6t,: fiiin henthetitic and-ogicial forn; antd reportite ' tilt will 'as lhiledely as possibie.'. ly-atteitot iyn early diiectedto tie an go ion 'which ont the 4th Ntarci last, I ound g sdiing at' i ehtngton.. between I tie, Uited .0 tes Gitd Great Britain on tte.subjCtt of the !on Territary. Three several attm1ts I been previously made to settle thoi Iue ill disputcte bIetweeti t'e w Cotanires, b " otltsttol, tpont lite' primciple tot Comro p ae ; but each has proved unsnccessil a Lhese iegeotiis took piuce 't Londion.-in Ai years ladl, V,424. and loa%; the two first p) ker fit administralien ot Mr. Monrcoe, atali r is under that of .1r Adams. The negt i i- if l 118 leving tailed to acconptish its !ct, resulted tat ie conventioln sit ,ie 20th Jet, of that year. By the third article ot conveiun. it was *igreed thit any con- rt Ue that itay be claitmed by either party ott the: el tlwest coast of Atmetica, westward-of the pi ny monitains, siall together with its hat w hays, tind creeks. and tie io igation of all is within the sime, ie I ea and open for tie . it of telt years Irait the dite ofl the prese.tc veltoti so the Vessels, citizens and snbjects he two powers; it being well understoe-d I Itis tgrement is not to he cuostined to th 'hi jniice of Ittoy claint which either of thew.Vo re Ih ciontracting pla tics miay thave-to any-part ii, lbe said country, inor shall it be taken to in te the claims of any othesr pswer or State. to iri piart sal the an id conuntry ; the-0only object lie htigh contractinag parties in that respect fa I, to prevent disputes and dilfetnces ion Iinseives. o heo negatiion of 1824 was. produicti e oh result, anid the convetion oh: I818 was left hanged. - .- ..a he naegotintion of 1820. hnving also :iiiedn tfiect an adjssstm~ent iay apio fiscqe, resut- Ii in.the conveintion of Auguset the'sixth 180/. Ct whichl it wasc agreeduta esiitlu foirce, -to .ml iandefinite perihod, thme prcovisin of the "oI -l tarticle sof the~ convc.en:ion of the 20the of )s alter, 1818. ansd it was fiurtiter-providell, c L- it shiall'be comnpetent.honwever, toceiher he conttractinig parties, in ca-at either .shois[ ik fit, at atny tiene after the 20th October, d. cci givimg dise ntilce. of Tivelve iinosimsI hi'e other coantrneatinig party;' to annul-intd P~ oagate this-convent oni and it shtall sta iuch pJt bn e ileaordielgh: esatirely atmhul led and aib a e tited iafter-the expiration of thesaid termnu ju ice." has these attempts to adjs uitshecQn- toi mcrs. the pa-unllel -of ther 49th dea ree.-of thi latitude liad bhen~ olieared by tial . pited41 tec to (ireot Britain, arnd ila ihuse of IS18 -18d6 willh is furthereoncessioii t' firee ' iatltan of Colnwihbmr rivb'r is'ils sir thsin aide. Thme parmallel of ithe49th degre,' .A is thin iteky aimuntaitsjuIs the isatersectien a ethe niorihaeasternlmiost braiach of thie (Q t himn nnd thiene dswn thme chmann~e. of that' jjhi r to -thesent, had -been ofuirend hy (ient -vi atm..with thseadditior srfa imnalldelached 4ij minry north of mbhe Colnunbia. 4-^ ot oh c' ri positsonslad..beezi rejected hi thae parr~l a October .1843. the En'o3 Etruarsnyp litister. Plenspotenstiary 'cl the U1-iatd coi te'nfLoudan was amtuthoized 2to -macke~n' t tlaer offeh to those wads, s in.8l8-iida26% iih is- stsahd tihe qicestio whn e an 'r a:: :3q was shorly -nsferwmda trnitsfe -3 thedi asington, andi cmnthe ietity 'third of2Au,- i t,:.1844arw:ts fiarmnily: opesedf latider ihe; ~ cliosn of my-immcediare prpeeesor.:7ike -J5i1 n .prevmou'ieetiatins' itatt based.'mpp?..Io e pleciploe o comproitse a'etsith Wal utr~seof the pahs'~ wats, to pet ,i -I '~' 16 yea people on the peisons and property of citizens ofthe'-UnitedStmes;-through i tng series of years. Mexico lasadm'ittedthese injuries. but has neglected and refused 'to ropeir them. Such was tle clharneter of the wronuts. and such the inints repeatedly foffered to Ani-ricnn citi zens anti the American flag bv Mexico. in palpable violatinis of the laws of natiinsi and the treaty between the two counitries of the 5th April; 1831, that they have been repea tedly brought to the notice of Con~ireas by my predecessors. As early as the Jthi February. 137. the President jif the , United States de .lared. in a message to Congress. that "the ength of time since soie of the injuries have >eecn committed. the repeated and unavailini ipplicttions for redress, the nunton chdracter if-some of the outrages Pippin the persons aid Property of our citizeis. upon .he officers ai!d lag of the United States, indept-ident ofrerent Lsults to this government. aid, people by the fte Extraordinary Mexican Miister. would ustify. in tlie eyes of all nations, immediate rar." Hed did not, however. recommend ati niiediate resort to th is extreme neasure. which e declared '-shoualil not he used by just and enerous nations. confiding in their strength, r iinjtiies committed. if it can be Voiirably roided;" hut, in a spirit of lbrbearance, pro t sed that another dematid h made spn Mexico r that redress which had been so long tand so Ijustly withheld. In these views,soummittees the two HousesofCoigress.iii reports made their respective bodies,. concurred. Since v ese proceedings ntiore theca eight years have', Iwsed, during which, in addition to the P rong thei compltained of, others of an ag avated chatarter have been romniited oll 0 persontis anad property (if our citizens. A It eeia ugent was sent to-lexicos ti the smoimer 1838, with fullanithority to inakt anoth-er and al demndlfor rediess.- The demand wa. ide;the Mexican governetit promised to iair the wrongs of which we coiplained.; '1 after Oucih delay. a treaty of indeinity 1 , that view was conclided between the two di wers *i the 1th of April. 16d. aid was ly ratified by both governtneots. it B this treaty a joint couucisschm was cren to ailjeic-nte and decide on the -claimis oof nee e.n citizens ni the govertmient.of Mx. The coinmissioin was organized at Wasi ton on the V5i1 day of Au"tu.st J30.- ot ear time was limited ft eightc'eii mnoiith% at JL expiraltio'n1 ofviich -they had adjudicated lie I decided.chli aill nnounting to two tmillions t. acnty six thionsaind, ond'hwidied tid thirty e oollars and itv eight e-nts in favor' of al zi-na of the U!YtIdStates anaiit the 'Me .n ai govertimenl i ,il afa~ icart~ ill to 0 goe-et.evh lar-e'anount atf his undecided. Of the j-tr. the Ameri comunsaroners biddecided- ie fivor 6our zes. imsiaeonuiating to nine. hundred Mty lgtahou.#nd ix hundred ned twetty At ncais inf. gity~rig'br ces,~.wvhch neieiictedJihy atiiire aufhoized Iee-.viy Oelurcoler-cli ft5tfl.t. i'f ptengthtlmree- iruullidis f-dallars sibimtud ttse bouid to ait to be coi-, dO red, bit, wer' Icft' a tdisposed or i Th.e a f e niillians tweitf- ifcinsand one tec dred and thi'ry nine- diollars' and sixty ' itcenits, decidcd bi the Ios'ard, wasicliqt -d and asceriaint i.'di-berdice by- blexel o- re chlanants, und"'iere a ito jieatifiuible - onl for dilaying its payient accordecne !o termni o' the treaty. It was not. however, I A1exic applhed for firther itiigece ; tr m that spirit tfliberality and forbeirtiie il ct haseter inatked thel poley of the Uni. I h" Stateston nidt that re;nblic, the .reginst - , grated ; and. (in thle 30th if, anunrv. Ine, 3, a Iew tre:ty was concludte d. By tfie Ty i; was prtovied. Iht fte interest due oil iiwards in fuc oi of clancii:cccts ucider t lie beiticti fi the 11th April, ii3. shoild be 1i1i i oct iht 16h' Alpril ui j ucd that "the t 1 l t cipil of the snil a wnrds awl tcie initerest ta ceg .theren shill be paid icn live yearsit in 4 31 instulmeit every thre months the std 0.1 c 1t fiv 1 yars Ito ceomtnecice COni thel :30th tula of Apfii .843. as afc.resid.' The-titer 'ne on tie 30ifh clay of - pril, 16-13, ani the e first of the tweity itsinaments have been i - Se veiieen of the.c instalients remain bo rit did. seveci of which are non% due. r he cinimus which were left tiudecided by ." joimt eiiitSioinl, canoiniig to more than c e millions of dollars, together w ith other a mis lor spoliations oi tIhe priope ty cit our; :ens, wece ibsenuttily presented te the t pF ican Governeii.nt fihr payinent, and were Ih cr recegizied, tthat a treaty. perovidtinig t or-f r e'xnmitition atid settcnit by a joinit feel ctmissioni. watts conateded undic signed at tail tico oni he 20th cday of Nov.1834.. Tlhisc "c. jy wais ratified bey tiie Untited 8mates, withbe aiti amnendents, to whfiche o js exep th coldd ha-ve becn Iaken ; beut it-has tnt ve~t ivedl the-satification of the Mexican gov- nomi net lin the mueantimce, ouer ciiuns who 'nm er-ed gienmt tosses, andl some ol whtomt tiace 3 ie retducedl frome a affineence teo bankruptcy, to e without remedy. unless their rights be edac reed by their governinenit. Such a coci by ed acid tuiprovoked series of wrongs coutld for er have beecn felernted by-die Ucnited States, thii they beecn comitiited.hI oiie of the priteci- U a tntiocis of Ecirope. Mexico was however. thia eighborimg sister republie, whvlich, follow- of ouar example, ihad achiceved her inidepen- thiu :o, acid fur wheese sneccess and pirosperity lth mar cyiuthces were -early enlisted. The to ted States were the first to aecogneze leer tab: peetdenice, antd to receire-ito thte lisminly cais atiiens. nnd havte ever beeni dc.siroics of unl- roig tinug zwith heer ai good nntder-st,iccdmtg. Vn e not thereforri honce the repeated wrongs trci bas coemtcitte'd, with great patience, in the niot that a returnineg sense cit justice wouald 8ta namely guids tier cotuncila, timd thiat. wicein ht, if'possible, honuorably uvoid any heostile cat asion with her.. -lati tititout the previousc acnticrity of Congress, -rou Execut.ve possessed no poawer to adopt or wit rce adequnate remedies foir the injuries we bun Isenifered, or to dod mo~r. titan be prepared rive tiiel the ientiedd aggresioa irnthe part Bri lexico. . After di:r artav'antd navey lad -ler mine d on'the fremttier aidi' coasts of .licco pret many we'eks. withcent' nnty hostile move. resi t on-her part., thouigh her menaces swere -I inned. I deemced it imptortanat to- pntf an and if possible,-co this state of tinugs. JV ith sin veewIl cas's--d steps to be tnken. ia the aii th of Sepitembier last, tee psetertaim dcstinct- Ti nd ini ate anthenitic fonto. what the design' ir Mceexicctn Governent were, ; whetb'er it wN h cir icatentiona to declare wair, cer invades gus, ti, orwlhether they wivrs-odcsposed tea ad dirt 'andl sehittlit an mIcable mir.nner, tht. tall hlinidticrenaes-between the tivocouiitries the he.7th of .Noavember..an official aruwier avo rer was, receiveclihalie ,ueievOd -op a t hitch basteen-'si eneedan farchev heJr . to-tie Pacific ocean." Accol 2tkh'tAIgust. 1844. tI B C1 ;kays3saffered -to diride tih S49thparallel of nor Wdiutaiis to the poir iheoith easternmoa Wia--rivi *and thenc sei leaving the fre t triverto be-enjoyed in com p 'es-mihe1country south'of thi .j0.,fi'Uliteti States, and thta qr rbaretBribaiu- At the saine .if ofe'dgn jdifitidi, to yield to the Si %ettane territory north of the tidinngthe.Pacific end the 0ra friul n h's harbor. inct Lrs- Iii n oVmake free to the Cas fely g'rt o,r ports south of lati fe :which they, might desire, ntraB ma laud oni. Quadra and anci~o~~y ikidd With the exception 01 t9- h t-is wasibo sme efTer which h-b eBrtish. and rejected by 'the G'oversItnent in the negotiation Fn82 ;proposition' was properly re jectedib inericar pleimpotentia on the day t bnitted Tis was he. oily :projos4f F ompromise 6ffere'd by the Britih drentiy. 'The- proposition on tis:1af$ satiritaitt havingbeen reject eJt tie: .iptentiary-'raquested that av 4 '1be-made by the United States fur .ii'u 'einadjnstinent'oif the question." W.en ito officei I loni this to be the'tAi 1.4o tnution. Thonigh enter ed-convictoni,.that the British pietI tetre donid not be omaintnined ! fo 14 o e Orugon territory upon InVy' Tynipubic law'recogntized by na tioa -er-eNae to what had been done byyt, abd capecially in consid ant t opostions -of compromise had rice~vne 'e by two precedinig .dministra iqai oiT -the.queistion on the parallel of l9Vd in two of nom yieldig to re naviatin of the CO nO n' the pending negotiation had eron thie babsof 4omproniise. e6 a myity-not abruptly to break ation;, too, that -:nnler the 11 VciAu8j 8 ) ad 1I the ciaizeins and 1bj e . 66o ,Powers held. joint- on6cu. in u . a ntrI was induced to make "ntj e omerda 6 tie long pending cola. rove pint omodertio vich had iaijbl ir enewead dva UBssan. ti awa accordhni;I rnde. . d -by hi'ritish, plini -, ht uh:itting any ,,~~ufered t~he-isegptiat ion nhis r -p,:expressing ms 'rust d ntaties ymno-lat ;er -whit a e -r1e p r V eip sa l I n irn fprnliivWIeCted epfai the LtR~ . 14 in iirty nine de'rees iIora . sih hd beEn inde y r o . gadni ai)n bt 'ijntip 'osini" to stirender it) Geat nit1al bY: hkadaontC, the rree.,navi liti thgaolnt4bin~ river.- The right F aniiigi-Power- to the free navign, rn of-,dj frivers, tiirough lie heari (our cthititry vas : -ne which I as !illino.bncaede. It also emhraced a rovisii-iomnmnok ro Gri reat ritain a y paror.ports on the cape of Q'u'tdr't 4 1d VaincoUver's %lslaid. south of this t aralld; H ad ihig.uen atew question r itniug-pider -.liscussion for the first time, is propisition.~would not have been ade. he extieodinary- .and inadmissible de aidslithed3ritish governmet, and ihe jeetioiu .ahe -proposition made in defer kceal.on.o what had been lone by my r '.-decesso, and the implied' obligaiion I hich t.iti ictiseertsed to impose, uff'ord r 1iWactiiry evidience tha -no compromise ttich4h. United States 'aught to accept, inheefazted.. With this convention, e proposition.of coin promise .which had len .madandd rejected, was, by my.di- t etionaS-hsequently withdrawn, and our i le t hIe whole. Oregon territory asser- o d. anal,..bs'sis..-believed, minitained by S refrigab'Ie: facts-and arguments. Atlhuitetrnpts at' compromise hiavitig '" iledtgiehomecs the duty of Congress tog naidereiat.neasures it may be proper n adopt drehenecurity arnd p~rotectionI of c ir'eitizetis-pow inhabhing, or whlo may ta ureaftebisthabit;Oregon, and for mtainte- e tace d rjustetitle to that. territory. - atl mesuresfor this purpose, re~s b~takenthat noithingbemdone" puldf~t tiatons of the convention s8,4~ e sill tn force.- .The faith0 a-hi letter and- spirit. lias fj Gr a indl 41 trut will -ever be, o rt h~cobserved by the United t~ utieU ie that convention, a year's E nuemre uired to b6 gvietn by aither r< ffteihem'before-the jint ochu b n 1tirinithnd~ he'Tore rither t c:rupsrt or ex: reise exclusive ci nia tpJiu erlay-sportinl :or the -terr-. ai yt4htieeii wouild in my. juda- te mnI oepto-gtve; anod I recomtmend e~r~~t,'beriin e by lw for giving al acl~y -Ed terminatlnug in this ti s'n10 bet'onveuteu althe sluthof t a U . 'ine~(ilton y can,' in te cl i-nen~~iotwtht violating this con- te timife'nall qisii.a the' pt otection te .Uhu- urtmtr-isdittion; civil:- and. dl mi ~ to'b-itamediately -extenided a ij ~~ n -Orebi,,They " atst di our:lon~pg ntigret -in tis al hge n ~sneaqtueue,. bep ea ownt cstritv and-pruotec- df: ehma-a provincinl government -for- at in tlbezf allegiance and an -er nn~aheiqto the United .States. Ci a'en~n cast pon iheir ow.n- re are 'twu that. .aritws er ,ltm 4 I:recium-. tc do~yCohgre with-; as. A ha~i~ltVe proceeded sic ~~tp i tring a ac .s - paris-of North Ainieric@.". By this act Great e , Britain extended her . laws and jurisdiction.. e civil and criminal. oier hor" subjects, engaged in the cur-trade in that territury. By it, the t ourts of the province of Upper Canadit were t emphvered to take. cognizance of causes civil and rininal. Justices of the peace and other judicial officers were authorized to be'appoint. ed in Oregon. with power to execute all pro-* cess issuing frot the courts of' that province, and to sit and hold courts of record for the trial of criminal offences and'misdemeanors. not made the subject of capital punishment aln also of ivil cases, wherithe -cause of action shall not "exceed in value. thi sum or amount of two hundred pounds" Subsequent to the date of this act of Pailia ment, a grant was inade fromw the "British Crown," to the hudson's Bay Company,'of t the exclusive trade with indian tribes .inthe t Oregon territory. subject to a reservitio'n that 0 it shall not operate to the excdbsioi " of the i sOnbjects of any lioreign State who, under or by force of any convention lir the time being, between us and such States respectively, umy e be entitled to, and ..iall be engaged inithe said ti trade."1 It is mneh to be regretted, tihat,bwhile undfer h this act British subjects have enjoyed the pro- it tection-of British laws and British indicial tri- i hunals. throughout the whole' of Oregon. A r meridan'cizens, in the.same territory; have en joyed no such protection from iheir govorn- i meat. At the same ute, the result illustrates if the character of our people and their instin- T tions In spite of' this neglect, they have mnl th tiplied. and-is rapidly increasing in this territo- .01 ry. They have made no alipeal to armns, but dr have peacefully fortified themselves in their si: new homes, by the adoption of republican in- lei stitutions for themselves; furnishing another fri example of the truth that selt government is do inherent in the American breast. and must pre- Uil vail: It is due 'to then thai they should be em- the braced and proienti d'by our laws. Lar It is deemed important that our laws regia- the ting trade and intercnuise with the Iudian anl trbes east of' the Rocky Mountains, should be the ex tended to such tribes as dwell beyond thei-.. the The increasing emigration to 0regon, ahud mil the care and protection which is due from th'o Bev government to its citizens in that distant re. rec iot. make it our duty, as it is onr interest, to yet :nwlivate amicable relationti with .the lidian an( :ribes of that territory. For this purpose I the Ecommend that. provisiotn be inade for estab. 'we ishing ani Indian agency and sncli-sub-agen. ;nil :iesas may be deemed. nec:essary, beyoud the si' Locky- mountains: sV Itsissubmitted's the wisdom'or Congress to and loterminewbvither. at-tfteir present 'essioti and t* intil Aldie ex4i4-tieo tee oiai In ither mateasuirerttmay e .adopt'ei: cotsistenilj huri iithe. cosve'utont df C1827. faru1IetIstIenit and ifonr in aidah "oii't'~di filiOi - ij 'oitisi ~ e& l natulivrie'n'a'oial"tri q Ore i. ei anst.eithr be abairt pilor bralty maintain d- Thit they cannoi'be abadedi withuti deb 1sacrifice of bothitital lionor.arid interest d is too cloar adniifdoubi. a:Qd Oregoi.isia part of thie NorthAtnerican co-. doll iment, to which it is confidently affirmed, the I Mde of tie. United States is-the- best now iinex- Uni ltestce.' I refer you to the correspou of the mail ire and present Secretary of-State with-the and Iritish pt- nipoctitiary during the negotivtion. the6 Ihe British prolosition of compromise, which baee vould' make the Colnmbia the line south of' reill 9 degrees. withi tifiting addition of detached tip rrimty to' the Unit d States north of that Jil ver, and would lenve oin the British side and 11o thirds of the wh.tolc Oregon teiritory, in- ofa hading the free navigation of' the Coiundhia coIl nd all the'vAnable harhors of the Pacific, can coni e:ver. for a noment, be entertained by the! il!,0 iited States. without an abandoniment af their ordi .ti and clear territorial rights, their own self. A .spect.and the national honor- * *The gr mied States. sincerely desirons of preserving 1918 flaiions of' good understarndinig with all. na- we I ons. cannut in silence permit any Europeand speP iterference ott the North American continent haid nd should any such interherence be attemnpted that ill be endy to resisqt it any and all hazards. antd It is well known to the American people arid -u'nt all natiotns, that this government has never be e terfered with the t'elavions subsisti ubetween Od her governments. We have never tade our ulves parties to their wars or their alliances; the 'e Itave tnot iitnghed with parties in their do- catia iestic struggles; and, believing onra own forni imlp Dvernmnent to be the best, wve have never at- obje mpted to propagate'it by intrigues by .dipho be t tacy. or by force. We may claim ont this 'nrinent alike efiempton front European in- eM rf'erence. The nations of America are Uni nually sovet eignt anid itndepenudent with those disc Emapni. They possess thes same rights., eate dependent of all foreign interposition, to disc ake war, to conclude peace, and to regnlate enu ieir intertunl affairs. The people of the U. ,iet tates, cannot, therefore, v'iewv with indifl'er ace, attempts of Euiropeanu powers to inter-go re with the tmdependent acetion of die nations. ithis -continent. The Amnericatn sysiem. of .disi overnetit is entirely different fronm that, of st-an itrope. Jealousy amtng the different sove- not igns of Europe lest any onue of them shonld pose ucomno toot pitvertul for the nest. hasu caused proi em anxiotisly in desire 1wh establishmnent of at hat they term the '-balanice of power." It innot lhe permitted to have anay tepplicalion on imp e North Amteriesitn eittinent, antd especia~ty then ine United States. AVe mutst ever maintaini .hi e priniciple.that the people of this continenit frdir one have the right tio de'cide their ownfdes- -the.a iy; Should atny portion of them, constitin- raise ug an -indepentdet state, propose to unite men emselves with otir confederacy,-this will be nue gnlestiotn for them and un to determitte, wvith- -~l it any f oreign interposition. e ennatinever - 'nsenut that..Enropean Powers shall interfere. th'e prevent such a nmon. because it' tiighi dis ihece rb-the " balance of power" which they nin to ti 'sire to maintain on this conutinent. .N~ear biNm jrarter of-a century ago. the jirincipilgwas arde utinctlylainniunced to the world in-thed'anui- .rnle umessage oh'-one of my puedecessors that heYAmuerican ;contirent, by the~ free and i- gre~ penudenit conflition which theyfli&tve aumih ge 1d maiuntain,. re htenoe'fprh not to beiousdf twem i'd siihjects for 1'nturu-eolonization b y any ats iropea power- fou eprinuciple will apply wihj tdyn ma tasted force,.shuoulhtiny, Lrpen poe tb 2tpttQ establish any tew olony ~p Nrh u aerice. In thigexlstnirie stances o h >rl$1ihepresent. is ~deennda l p.~ Qcda. in to reterate an'd rea fiphepncj cis sl goncjir ~ndrain its ii mh$J* this day the promnlatior of a i Europen n awrsoltidlxe ;1 be o to resist. xisting rigi o, er r natior should be respected; ft to our, vrety diid our flntliesis.h'th cient protection of oari rd ' ed.over our wholeterritorial-ing, Eid shouldbe distinetly rinnounced't4- f our seuled polici. that .no .ttire colony.or dominion shalla, ithonto 3. he planied nr established 'finyp North Anerican coitinent. - Tie commissioner 'appointed to44-' rinj M6d spical'sessiorfof tiIe ia inst-slihrtly'afterwArds set onut o'n him n the Uiited States ship Colnu~mlus: 'iving iht Rio de Jnnero n his i iate of his hIealth becani'so .nifiil lie advice. of his medical atteinadpijs' iiurne orthe United State. car y'!k ie: . Octoher Inst. Cciiodore d landing the East Indii i4tdridi-hnZ ptad 1 lifs- voyage in the Colii q, -I-; harged.lij the coinmisne'tiiThealu xclinagin wi -the propeinr athoitie reaty -lately conclidei with tlie-Eir hia. Since lhe -efurn of.the eommiuj&"% the United Stdes, his heait ilb aishI nproved. and he enteriains" tie~ Pindi7nt Pf that lie will sdon b4 Ale to priced on ission. The Secretary of the Trenszuran i itah report to Coniigreus, will coinga il statement of the cboditin .1of om'in - hie iinports fr the fiscal year-end"d ir.iegh of Jnne last. were ~ofthte.al ie hundred and seventeen. millifontii;Wt ed and fifiy.ur lo theouead.five knd y-lmr dollars. ofwlich theinoin ;e. 1 was freen - mjilliwias ihree hluif~' it'"; etv-six thousaid eight- huindred -id t R llars-lenvinag -t hallatimco or ne huir 'A dl one millions nine Alindi-edi'rid imiand geven hiflndved ind thirty fov s-domestic conitinplib6.' Th espvrs-fj same year.were ofthevalue of-on'e hit I fourteen millions ix hundred.6tii iJ usand sit hindred aimd siz~dlbirs, ainft of domestic articles wA 1n lions two hundred and 'inel isle11rif en hundred and sevearty 'si- -6ai" eipts ito the :treasury- hAriW' r were taenty ninemillion"e I si.ity ninf tiousanid oie hundrd L- dollars and-fifysix ents; re derived from ciustom; twet y lions ie'liunidred alnd twv eji tihu d one -bundredfud twbieve d- - daty tents; frginhe iasiaofhd 'etwo m'dionsaavn y l sel t Eh deiaamdiid~laou. rdod1 - ii eiid hi lotst Es iaid on thejristOtoisen lins sevenity five thosdTfj forty fivesdollarshaidifitj.'~i r payments of th pnblic dt n niderin anticipation orthe " rbursentient iduder thea:itimolitjct~6V in 6he secretie'y ofiheTeasitryn tbe"a-1 r-twenty-firs. 1841: and of Aj fif&ebt of March thirdin'd not tine iiisenedt III relation with Mexic 'eiced hQ iW' iinu with thiat power. lit vieWof4aih' iligency. it was deemod gprndent to ita te trensit.ry an nout unu'az ily Ii ge W nary purposes. - few years ago,'onr whlbe national -46 ving Out ofthe Reviuition -ind tim uwairi 1. with Great Bitain,was axtinginishei, aum iresented to ilhe world thn mrid noble :inele of a great andl gowiin' Iii filly discharged every obligaili'n Sinks tiwe.the existingdobt has'heencontratied I small as it is, in - comparisoii wth' the lai burdeI tof most othecnationsioidf-'1x tiiguised at ihe earliest piacticidilei perg' $ 'ie attention of congress is uirvit .0 impnrranc: of nmakin:'ui'l3 e '. _ ins and reductions of thte rates fdut osed by otir ptresent. taiff'.li et oficupnsing dttes :ueoo~ mports.~oI a raise revenine to patythe necessar. enses of governmen. Congrs atibtedly, iii. thie exectcse - dal~ retida .udiscrimunnui'eeinii ri~i'i Sof dtj 'tn dil'ert azie(1i~h' rimninations should. *iiin q6 a standard, anid .be matl wt - v in r;'se money for-the - begotnes importan't sto und'rs darrd,:the''maximum of vilirh'ish be exceedsdulin the rates (dnf~it L it d. 'It is cooidedeil andp' res that dtt'ies may be liitd o iminish, or prohitiitiuoeh.ihy~ inrtation of any. .given arfie'z eby lessen or destrot. tieo um :h, at lower rates-, woulade derr~E I its imnpotation, 8'eh dutie re evenue rules; and are nor-tiiott money . l'or thje siupport cto t. rf Congrdss levy ~da ~ at one per eeton# a iv produce a given aumot~p o treneurv, .and 'Will rmeti en aslarly afnord prteee --~-t1Ii e'loutn Of :6on- perr~u~4 a mrat ufacturIer'd -f na he over thle rnipore''iit ~ il to re rr cent.~ ier "mout nnof.met ic tetmtin Ifr.b=h rty tive o ie rryprcei rius iokenrn~,~i Sobirfsg iiloierb -c" mje 'o ib