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DO-YOUR DUTY COME WHAT MAY Do your duty come what inay 'Tis Ite sum of life's great beauty; Do your duty every day, And every day .4till do your dity. Every prize for man to win, Dle it fainreor le it beautty, Speaks louder th.m a trumpets din Do yotrdnty, do your duty. Life is-shortud :ill rece-ding Would Yo find the brighter w ay 7 Then.this lesson ever heedinig, Do yoar duty night and day. !I~onisinthie fiute lie - Rsalms-of yet unheard of -benut. tI 'doyoui'duty. ItSCELLANEOUS. ADDRESS, Of the ion. Jous C. CALHoUN, on ta king the Chair as !Iresident of the lem phis Convention: Gendemen of the Convention! I thank you for the honor you have enn ferred on me by calling me to preside over your deliberations. The object of the meetihg, so fnr as I have learned, is the developement of the resources of the West and South. And. gentlemen, it i6 for you to determinte % hat they are, by what means they can he liest developed. and also, how fiar oie aid of. the General Government may he invokeit to carry them oit ; nid here. I trust. it may not-he deetned improper to state iy own opiniona oil these poins. The region occupied by the Wesi and South is of va-zs extent. It may indeed be properly divided into three parts. 1. The Misissip * Valley, that mag. nificent country dra ied by the mighlty stream whose current rulls by your city which extemKs nearly through the turm perate zone. from North to South, and from-the Rocky to the Alleghauy monu tains, fromi West to) East. II, Tha; giortion which stretches from the tmouth of the Mississippi river along the Gulph or Mexico and the Atlantie ocean, and the chief productions of which are Cotton and Rice. Ill. That portion stretching fronm tho Mississippi river along the Gulhf of Mex ico to the Mexican hine; nd here I mnny be permitted to include Texas,' wvhich, though not yet formally admitted as a State, is destined, at no far dist ant period, to.shine& as a ,bright star in the national galaxy. [Cheers.) The vast regiutn, cotnprehiending these thleedivisions,'inay justly be called the great agricultui-al portion of our Union ; and as siich it. tmust ever predomiate. Consider .its climate, so various; its -ex tent. so vast ;, itis soil, so.ferile;-its pro ducts are every fruit aud grain and vege table belonging toe teinperate zone, and s hat in rich profusion and abundance. Nature tias beotc munificent towards this favoredrsgion.- Already hans much bee:, ddneitn uhe onw'ard progressi of thts coun try. Here ajil the articles, to clothe and feed uiantiind~ are produced, not only itn uuficipate-.abanidance for our wants, and for that or-the U.~ States, but their sup ply demandashe 'market of tho' world, to conasum'na dottpnn breedstufls, ldad en gar, tatrad'tfokpntine, ginseng, and oth er art~teeroo nuinerous tzo meutiton,, all seel amarksioth at homie arid abroad. in a' lidtime, also, your fertile. vallies and extenstie; prairies wdll have undter. goie further utmprovements and e'xten sion. Your cotton and b~eadst: if.s wili hav~ e'gd9iilressd in quantity nid ait dsjam ine'TeX9a will have'added ret- t h'~nacueo Sugar. Syge% ilesicinthee, getitlemen, I nql9.;approach.. Hott shall toe devtlope thsber ge*noZrces1 How shill' we lasidgin o rive-use the aficent ifrfs of auere pr~ovided,. whedher a~ tfie -7?er ~ ne isos~rg edul;:b~ir~ 4- --- - '.-----,-> C -.~ . > - - - - " - - --. .-.-- ;' .. 4 a "We will cling to the Pillars of the Temple of our Liberties, and I t fall, we will Perish amidst the Hmainue" --. --E&eneAi Court Wous c t r 84. b 0 4 you shallgrt aja ir price for all you pro duce. That will make this region ite gar den of the world. Now, how will 3ot do thib ? There is but one course, viz. a commensurate extension of your mar ket. This again can be done only in one way. That is by a free and ready transit between this region and the.several States of the Union. and beyond that with the rest of the world. Here, gentlemen, I would remark, I intend no embelishment. We havo met for business purposes, and for such an end the present remarks I shall endeavor to make practical. How shall we effect this cheap and per feet transit for persons and merchandise ? Gentlemep, nature has been eminently propiIious to. ts. First we have the mighty MissIssippi and its tributaries. It will be your part to see that theseshall be aided by art, as to give the utniost facility for their navigation. How, then, shall your valley and the Southern Atlantic cities be united ? We have at present only a coasting voyage round the shores of the Gulf of Mexico. This ought to lie Made secure in peaceful tines-more es pecially in event of war. A war would here produce the stoppage of an artery in our system ; and ine vitably end in the convulsion of commerce. Great ithough the natural advaniagcs here may be, much remains to be done. The great iripedimient t) lie ovorcoine is distance. Front New Orleans to Charlesidn, via Florida Point. is somewhere about two thousand miles, and a very dangerons Pesange. The Florida Key, are fraulit with danger to the mariner : nud long lie fore commerce had attained its present state, the annual losses in this voyage imounted to not lets- than live hundred thousand dollars. That it may be true falls on insurance; ut is not les% a loss. Froi: Memphis or rrom Nashville, the distaue to Charles. on is not les than two thousand thire e undred mile<. via Florida point, with all is dangier; while in a lireer route.across he country it is. only ahout. six hoodred iiles. A good railroad would be the neans-.of accomplishing ibis jouruey: in wo days; the efler of which in the rapid ransit of peraddsi ind light mercha'ndize s114l or 1,1 _ nuijficenIt.- U either side iI e rane of1 illegh.anies -are -vast and fertilelilains and morsting throngh these ranges, in conven ent gaps, flow the Comberland and Ten lessee rivers.: -it so happens that from ,very direction-there are natural openings brough this lofty range. all meeting in the state of Georgia at a single point. Atlan ,a, in DeKalb coutnty. In every direc ion they tend to that point, harmonizing ill interest of all directions in that titne pot, and interesting nil parties in the far her execution of each othet's views. I cannot here go into detail as I could wish. facts however will be presented o the consideration of the Convention by a .suitable coilimiitee for that purpose, which will dispense with the neoessity ot ny going fairtier than a geteral allusion o this topic. I tiiny, in illustration, however, be per nitt ed to say that at thie outset of the construction of t Charlesion and Sa vannah railroads there was Lrent jealousy of each tother. vrentually. hivever. better counsels prevailed. Tne roads. by accessiv, met at Atlatnta, in DeKalli co.. Georgiii, and 'rom tiat point itere is in bsoh of Ihoso Comilpa nies a muoltIin, and joimiii itterest in the larilher prosecutioi to coimlpltieitioin of a railromd to the Alissisip Il valle%, Now, a railroad is projeced frotm) OxfOrd, throiutgh the liiwiissee dis trict, which of necessity gois to Atlanta. That from Nashville. through C;htttanoo gat, musit paUss to the same piniit Tht from Memphis. the sante. Front Graind Gulpht or Vieksburg, the satie. Fronm New Orleans.ithe same. Anid this shows that insteaid of rivalry, we ini truth are itterosted in the executioni of all. We all meet at onet point, the farther progres froma which is of mutual advantaitge to all. I trust, ;;etntlemen, a spirit will govern his assembly which will remove all jeal ousy. if tany have existed between divers itterests. They are all otne in reality. 1 hope to see harm--ny-all, aidhing in all. and rejoicing in doitng so. In these remtarks ild) not cross the Mis sisippi river to the newv region of couin try. for on this point I am unprepared; bytt 1 firmsly hope and believe there will le no dlifliculhty there. Their interests are ours, TIhte systematic police of your streams, and their protection in war, will, it iutrue, afford great facility for thte transit ofi-r sons antd mterchanadise, and a ready mar ket in one place if not another-even a market to every man's door. But that is, as yet, but little. We must look to our connection with the Northt, as- well as amongst ourselves, and see that that cont nectionu shall lbe secure from danger of navigation as well as conringeneyof wvar. Te railroad systema is the only sure and utinterruptedl means of connection there wih, and that for the six monthsrins the year, wvhen, from opposite causes, either ice, or.dronghtt, thne ordinary channels of inlad, tnavigat ion are closed. Besides gaaUt raitroadcommnunications. we must also cC-uinect ih~alleys of the Mississippi and St...lasalwrence rivers-to effect which the Illipuoisrtvjr pr6eents great naturral ad a~iages. ~0therfnks of conpexion -no io rogress willsortly.sbeacompleted. i'le NestYorji andr~svie. ruijroad--the Peb'iylvitia 'iailroads-:the.Batimcire rbtfaate Cisspeaks -andOhbd but rgard' ;.expense of a railroad .a lpreilentr:.gji The usual T. railroat urait, asimpoii :nto ibis conity unde ,the- preset'ariff, -costs not less that 32,000,;perdile -for The duiy. - Now were this.duty'rpetled. it would virtually-ope rate lise-ou'Ci money actually subscribed tio-heomle, n of rail road. Our own manuf6et.rers can make such iron at from fiftylfive;jstiy dollars per too.: This I have, from-tie best'authority, and -from a gentiema.n.dt. at this time has not less thanz$300W invested in -iron works. There are.d present but two manufactories of railroad -ron in this country; but 1 apprehen&dinty will be induced to engage therein 00 termsihrbich will produce an ample supplyiat ufair-prolit, on prices nor to exe'ed seventy-five dillars per ton. I sincerely-ifustthe tariff on railroad- iron wiH be rddii.e The importance of this subjectwrlile duly donsidered by this Assembly, 'atId1 shall be glad to henr-any facts which renulemen here shall be. able preseit. in the course of our future delibe rations.*; [have aow 'tassed. I belive, thmugh all that: we canesa of the General Govern ment,-exceptie topic. We must look to a foreign' sWwll as a howe market. The present: iffis a barrier to the com mand :o. -t -itgn marketr Hui I recommend' fen if this 'e 0o, tbat we shall uot hattl& this hefe. The Halls of Congress, -ot'tthe Ass'embly here met, is the place W -at discussion. In conelustip, your position in point of country is trolyreminarkable fur elimate, fertility, andfient; but great as it now is, a more brilliant destiny awaits you. It will not be move than twenty years before you will b0'dekhe4ating not ho-w you shall cnueet your' vAlley with the Southeastern States, but hv!you shall connect your valley with thiePaific:Ocean, and how, across lie Coinemti, you sh-all'conoeet the commerce'.f if e Atantin and Pacific Oceansad control the transit of' the products-. Wrid Let your'. ation. harmony. ' and unanimiity,. en; set an example which :shal rlafer have its effeet in similar resul here we trust the dehib' eratiinsof.th invention 'Wil he duly responded sudh a's.tioY" efnansreg eir a r indisolkible hods that intimate-coonection- which shall eVer'- be our hoast--that.a is time shall rait.:we inay ever continue overbe tnost prosperous regions of the-world the' UITIRD - STATEs of America.. From the Charlestoxt'Evening News . MEMPHIS CQNVENTION. This convention whose delibriatios were so impormant to the South and Weiit. and held its fast session on Satur day the 1th. On that day General Gaines n1iade a long speech on the importance, in a militarg.poiniof.view, of a system of rail roads conneting' ihe Atlantic and. the Missississippi; and extendi'g even t6'ihe Rio Grande.g Various reports during the dny submit. tisd from the different' comniittees, Col. Gadsden submitied valuabi documents from the commiiiee rail road connection hetween the' Mississippi & Southern Atlantic parts," on the sibject referred to that committee wbich were ordered to be printed. B. B. Minor of Virginia'frorythe com mittee .on the warehousing system" -utmited a report advocating ihe adoption of that sysiem, as important to the interests of' the '-South and West. A minority report, pronouncing the question .one not proper for the' coiiidration of the con vention at t- time, was presented by Win. H. Trescot. -Esq., of Charleston. The report, of the nilnority was adopted and ordered io be prinied. The repor'ti lsminted' by the other cornmittees~ were. referrgd to a genmeral committee of-one from 'each of the St atis, which reported thie following resolutions to the conventiOn foi its adoption. 1. ResoLvedihJht tefeporu orvarious Commit tees jrebented to the Convention he printed.'and such do-cuments accom panying them as the Ccmniiiee appointed to supervise the printing 'of the procee dings 'of 'the Convention shall deem necessary. 2. ResoLcd, That the safe communica tiotibetween the Gtlf of Mexijco and .the interior, afforded bylie navigation of the tMississippi~ani Ohio rivers and' their Iprincipal triliataries, is indispensable to Ithe defence of the counotry in time of war, Iand esseontial also to its comm'enrce. ,f. Resol'ed. That iheimprovemnent and preservtion 'of the" t'avigotion 'of some o f these great rivers, are objbeis as strictly natio nal as any other propositiotn for the defetiee of the countrylanid-that such im Iprovemnentf1are deefe~d 6iy3I1 Conven tion impracttenble by "'the 'States,' or individual'd'eicnise, ' und call for- the appropriationis of tmoney for the same by the Gene'ral Gb'verneot. 4. Resolved.. Thafthe dep'ening :of the mouthi oft'eiwssisppi, Ts its to' pass ships of thte'lrgist clausr; est'w'hat it may, is a work wofih. afthe nuatioinyand would greatly promnotelhe' diuered prosperir . 5. Resolved 'That the; pioject ofrcoti necting the Mississippi .river with :the Leke :,.by.4gip caIl nd ih ts with the Atlagieeeah'giganmeasure worthy oi the cinlishwensd consid'eraio of Contgreat ~reggotmdry .Jye f iy otfeame, acl ted, the. rs roper sources'o 4 Wi ,p5 sa otla dtets ni nd ce 'er.i Qlt'~ iatensate for nq{ni rions of'war, provisions also being cheap and the skill requisite for their conctrue tion and-navighiion being ample in thi 'region, which already possesses the larges steam commercial marine intbe world. 7. Resolved, '.That . the .iiteroourse between. Gulf of.Mexico giid the Atlantic coast, ought to be preserved unimpaired land the ample military and naval defen ces and additional light-houses and bea. cons should be established along the coast of the Gulf of Mexico, at the most eligible point.: 8. ResolvedThat millions of. acres l the.pubic domain lying on the Mississippi river, and on its tributaries, now worthless for the purposes of .cultivation, might be reclaimed by throwine.up embankments, so-asto prevent .o.vkrflow; and that this Convention ~recommend- to -Congress to take such measures us may be. necessary to accomplish the object, by grant of said lands or'appropriation of money. 9. Rosolved,.That the Gulf and Lake coasts are greater in extent than the Atlantic seaboard; that the interests to be defended in -ne quarter are quite as important, and altogether as ihose in th's other, and that the expenditures required for the proper defences of the Gulf and Lakes, will fall far short of what has been freely voted for the coast defentces of the ,60. Resoli, That the Mail service of tIhe South and West requires great im provements in speed and regularity, and particularly on the Western waters. That measures..onght to be taken. also f6r the prompt extension also by Government of the Magnetic Telegraph into or through the Mississippi Valley. 11. Resolved, That the. Marine Hospi rals on the Western and South-western waters, whose. construction has been commenced, or authorised. by: Congress, ought to be prosecuted to completion ,with. the least 'possible delay. . 12. Resolred, That Congress should establish a National Armory and Foundry; at some point on. the Western waters, at as early a period.as possible.. J3 Resolved, That eticient steps should. be takea by the, General Government. to re mose. and prevent the recurrence.of the obstructions in the Mississippi -.oypoite; a ns T _ . ' L . LS thareofmay be at all. tOines accessible,.as objectsof pblie utility and of. a natistal. character, and entirely bejoud the. ability. of Missotiri-to 'accomplish.. 14. Resolved, That a Dry Dock .and convenient arran'gement for the repairs and refiting of government vessels, should be established at some suitable point on the Gulf of Mexico. 15. Resotred, Thai Rail Road conmu nication'trom the Valley ofiho Mississippi to the Southern Atlantic ports, in giving greater facilities to trade. greater despatch to trevelling, and in developing new.sour ces of wealth, are, in all their ealoatary influences of the commercial, social, and political relations strongly urg'ed on the consideration and petrialism of the ptople West, and they are the more recommended as works within the power of private enterprise to construct, and as af'ording profitable investm'ents of capital. 16. Resolred, That the earliest oppor ,unity may he ad'orded for private indi viduals and enterprise to direct -their capital and energies to the completion of the importand roads projected, the Con vention recotimends to the Delegations present to appoint committees. charged with the duty of prmpt and early appli cation to their respective Legislatures, for charters to construct such roads 4s may pass through their States; and to ask suci aid and pratrouage froin said States as may, in their discretion, be necessary. proper, and' to aid in' the contrustion of the works. 17. Resolved, That'as many of the roads projected pass through the public domain this-Convention would respectfully urge on the consideration of(Congress the the equity of granting the right of way and alternate sections in aid of the works so situated, such grants, in the opinion of this Convention, being no more than a fair compensation paid hy the proprieto. for the enhanced value impatred to the sections of land retained by thie govern. '18. Resolkad, By thtis Convention, that it is expedient th~at Conigre..sshlould make an approprihtioii ofnoney for the purpose of completing the Milit ary Road fromi the Westibank of the. Mississippi, (opposite Mempbis.) 'hrpugh the swamnpe to the highlands in Arkansas, ini the direction oif the military posts on the Wecstern frontier 19. Resohed, That te President appoini a Committee to memoralize Congress on the various topics embraced in the forego ing resolutions. 20. Resolved, Thai the President appoint. ai committee of-.-memnbers of this Con vention, to address our common coustitu oeits on the same subject. In the afternoon session Mr. Calhoun ivacated his seat as President of the Con vention, and roceived..the usual compli. mentary vote. In the eveoiag session. the Hon. C. Clay. of Alabama, wasealled to the'chair. At 10 o'clock, P. fl., the Convention adjourned sine die A .Truth.--The Syracuse Star say> "Mn may ttlk of: democrasy.as-ucl s.they pleaseirburWbilerthie present &d prseiaae4 rehte of, aristocracy-:be appoin Lcraay a opnad ~bedeseinid o~tcp eeininoFt Pooh 1APAVD, Roon. U9c'aIs A S I, I RIDDEN.-Il is estimated ihat. tiler. - in Ireland -from 6,000.000 to 8,000.009., Roman Catholics, and from. 4000 to,5000 Popish Priests. The revenues of the Popish priesthood are estimated to be as follows: For annual confesions, . 30,00 For christenings, per annum, 20,000 Unctions and burials, 60,000 Marriages, 360,000 Prayers for Purgatory, 100,000 Collections at Chapels, 541632 Cumates Collections. 22,500 Colledge at Maynooth Govern ment grant. 9,0 . Making a total of 5,4246 or over seven millions of dollars-:giyir n& to each priest on an average- incopofe. over sixteen nundred dollars a year. The Earl of Milltown latelystated at a. public meeting that eight Irish Bishops had died so enormously ricn as to leave to their faimilies X I,800.000, or nine millionY ofdollars, nearly all gathered from.-the.' poor of Jreland, whose tmisserable pit!, tances are-filched away to fill ibe coffers - of lazy priests, and ecclesiastical para sires. Whoahall wonder under this state of. facts that Ireland is poor, paying, as she dues every year, the enormous taxof over seven millions of dollars to enrich an in dolent set of monks, nuns, priests -and greasy friars. If they were to be taxed that amount hy government, for the sam.. purpose, what an outcry would ait otice be -- raised, and how that arch-humbg' ad paid patriot. O'Conpel, to whoma another enormjoi;s tax is yearly made, would bel-.: low out his dire depunciations But as.% it.all goes including ithat paid the -big. beggarmian," as an Irishman told us the other day, "'to build -up the church,"anot a soul of them dare to -open-their moths. Poor Ireland! Poor in motney--porer in educatido, and poorest in moral coarage orindepenidenceor spirt! How many Priests and Bishops here gotienormously rich out of the hard-earn igsof the r-Irish ?- -ennrmously rich - by jrelog or money indulgence froq f - and certicates by-which - they ,peRsuad their deluded followers they.ean gantI3 more.antit-epubiican so l and body:Aes pot SidReviaed,.than this same-dpis -- PrtesterafL..aud as. to. Ireland.' ourotilW wonder is that she is not .a hundred fold. worse off thnsn she now is.-Boston Eagle Dow, Jr., hasrecently published' a'ser mon on "Fire, water and women." We, extract that portion relating to women. 'Woman is often the occasion of much -.V trouble'and mischief to man. For her-he i toils and slaves-for her he fights-for her - lie gets drank-for her he left Paradise for her he blows his brains out. and for her he makes a cenfounded fool of him. self, in a variety ot ways. Notwithstand ing woman is a blesslug. Her influence - over our rough hewn sex, is as mild as the moon over the tides, and twice as powerful. The moral fragrance that sur rouuds her is as sweet as the odors that. arise from a field of white clover; and her beauty makes tier one of the most in teresting living ornanents that wears ei ther legs or %sings; I dont care whether. you mention a bird of paradise, a butter tiy or a straddlebug. - What is a Printer like ?-He is like a physician, for he has many cases to at ; tend to; he is like a butcher, for heof ten handles the sheep's foot; he is like a carpeuter, when he planes doren theyorm; like a musician and poet, when he co. poses; he is like a pressing man,.altho' be is generally on his feet ; while rocking he is setting; he is like a chamnbermined . 6.s~. or laundres, when he handles the sheets -. bu is often pi-ous, and daily distributes ' j like a dandy, he is seldom without a stick like a correct man. he universally wodsr . by rule ; we could write whole coluvnns . in his favor, were we not afraid to be toe - voluminous mn our remarks. Suifice it to say, that like most men ol lettecrs, he, witli --~~~ exceptuons, dies wnthout a coin in, his . pocket, though he is daily making use quoia n his profession. . .. .The Silk culture is rapidly extetding in Tennessee. Large quantities ofeocoons are raised and sold at $3 pes bushels, agde1?~ a coinpany with a capital of' $1004100 is .s- *~$ W localed on the Red River, 35 miles bo1uw " s Nashville, engaged ia the ex.clusive tman -'.' facture of silks,. .-('" Hao to look. Yung.-H~ow is. it tha somne men, thought t, he so old, still 1ol - -0. so young, whilst others knownto be y oung, must still l'ook old 9 Thie caoaq lies .frequently with. themselves. . ,- '' Rant, once, on .being asked thesert, 4.L said, ..1 never ride n ben I eaa.wakZ--" neved.eat but one dish 'at idtnner, -n never get drunk% My .walking keqpg ~ blood in eireutationi; my asimple ditzre~ ~ vets' indigestion, anda'ner munctng dett spirits, my .livery ever eers ig' etaten up alive.". :st he o:it dd ", one oi she greatest case o~ ap' ' youth-"akind, mnnvius hs ta. - -~ - uelud st ljosn nhtsmidGre; .Jirai~ fore tlief go to way. nal-the James River and -Kanawha rual road-and other companies pushiug. 01 their noble enterprizes to completion' [Here the assetably was disturbed ha the removal of a drunken man.] - This, then, gentlemen, brings usto A more delicate question-and 'that is, hou for ?ce may invoke the aid of the benera Government ? On this point, geqitlemeo 1 am aware there is a diversity.of-opiiiori It is well k nown that I am for a rigi&con struction of our Constitution. I will dot nay I would scorn to take this occasion to pass opinion on topics belonging to other hails than these-and here I would beg all to act with forbearance. If general topics arise, let every constitutional dcui. ple be an utitouc'ied point. Your circ lar of last July, excluding subjects of po litical controvers), I read with pleasure on that account. Our general g'vern ment, however, is one of limited powers. Its restriciions must be sacred, and on them depend the durainn ofour Constitiu stitution and our country. On their id tegrity depends the fond ,inticipation of the founders cf our government. that for tine to comno it should far surpass' all oiers. AR to the improvement of the valley of the Mississippi-what, then, can the General Government do ?, The invention of Fulton has, if I may he allowed the expression, turned the Mississippi river and its tributaries into an inland sea, of equal importance in its navigation with Chesapeake or Delaware (4iy. I believe it. therelfore, in lie a matter peculiarly within the jurisdiction of the Federal Goverumeut,-and deserving in the highest degree of its police and protection. This is not a miatter to be left to individuai States. It is one of high national impor tance. We may safely lay down as a rule, which it is presumed will be accep table to all, that whatever can he done by individuals, they ought to accomplish ; whatever is peculiarly within the province of States they should'effect ; and whatever is essentially within the contrr-l of the General Government, it should accom plish. I believe the free and uninterrup ted navigation or these iiland seas. (so-to speak,) is within the peculiar province of the General Goveimunt, (great applase.) But-n- these topics it were useless a' AIaMinT eoniectionofthe Missiippi Vally with tle bouthern Atlantic states, is a muiter belonging 10 the General Givertinent ; and requires attention in two points: 1st. A inore uninterrupted commnication between the Mississippi river and Gulf by deepening tte bar the largest vessels. and thus effect a more immediate junction of the ocean atd river trade. 2d. Security in the event of war, noi only by an extensive naval station on the Gull, and the permanent occupation o f those waters by a large' naval force, but also by the speedy fortification of the Tor tugas. These means will tend to keep open the present nodes of transit between ih e Southwestern and Atlantic States. There is anmther mode of inter-com munication, however, wherein the inter venti-mn of the General Goverunmeut nay be imore thai doubtful. I now allude to the Rail Road system. Now, Govern ment. I cutitend. create a rail road system of intertial improvementss within any separate state; and grnt that it had the power, even then it would be vain to look for any apr.ropriation Local approprii' atiotis, if I may use a vulgar expression, are contrulled and overruled by "log rolling," and in illustration of toe futility of the General Go'ernment embarking in aniy undertaking of the kind, I would suate that already it has expended not less tl.an seventeen millions of dollars therein, the whole of wvhich at this time is not worth one tmillion of dollars. However. the GO' ernmnent ought to subscribe to every work of internal improvements ini p)roportion t) its-owner'-hip io lands to be beneim ted thereby, just as indlividoat or corptorate owners do. This is ino new idea to moe. I once gave the casiir~g vote in the Chair, fotr the Ship Catnal connec tiot i llinois, on this principle. .Now the Govertnment is a g~reat landed proprie tor in the new states. It ought to termi niate that owntersbip and transfer it-s man aigetaent to thte States allowing the.,, tirty three atid. one-ihird (al liberal allowatnce to be sore.) prC cent. for atten dhing to it, the other sixty-sixd and twol thirds guing to'the. Genteral Gvern~i,P, and conneettmg this at the saite time wviti. the graduation of' their -prices, so as to reduce thteitr prices even to 25 cents pei acre.- 'This course, gentlemien, would be productive of' a fund' which might be appropriated to rail road4i or other works of benefit to the lands so oin'ed. It might be applied by subscription wit0t or individ uals, to alterate sections of such improve ment, all ini ie ratio of respective owner ship. Such a cource will have great offet Ott the improvement of' the -Mississippi valley and its connection with the Atlantic States. I now come to another point. I'do not want to allude to the Protective- system, tior discuss' the merits or demerits -of a high or the' pres Tariff. Nor do I desire at all to -forea my dpions on. any genmleman present. But one'silbject uziaj incidentalfydernd our ensi1deraleop,.r .one artIcledof duty, whieb rii jerhit 'bediheossedwithourt eitejihg jinfo thi nrii-feiefluTatnrd ftbnts?. ad w'hin)