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MISCELLANEOUS. Correpondence of Charleston Courier. WAsBiNoToNq, March 12. The French Minister has interposed his goodroffices between this Government arid the Mexicaa Minister, nod advised him to remain here until he receives advices and instructions from his Government. Col. Almonte has acceded to the sugges tion. In the mean time the Committee of Foreign Affairs of the Senate have before them a resolution, which they will soon report to the Senate, requesting the Presi dent to eter-into negotiation with the Mexican Government, for the settlement of boundaries, and of matual claims, and of all questions between the two Go-vern ments. There is, thlelefore, no cause for any previso, and no danger of tny war. I learn that the Texan Minister here has been advised, very urgently, to reconmend to this Government the immediate adop tion of the'proposition of annexation made ia the Joint resoldtions, as they originally passed the House, instead of adopting the alternative of a long ara hazardous nego tiation, and another ordeal of legislation as proposed by the proviao. Mr. Calhoun before he left the State Department sent instructions to the same effect to Mr. Donelson, .our Charge in Texas. Mr. Calhoun left us last night, regretted deeply by all our citizens. Mr. Cra lie, hii late Chief Clerk, accompanied him. Mr. Cralle was offered by Mr. Buchanan the option of remaining in the office, but declined it. The Senate confirmed to-day the nom ination of Mr. B. F. Butler, as District Attorney of New York, aid Mr. Davis, is Surveyor ofrPhiladelphia. in place of Mr. Choper, the old tragedian, and father-in law of Mr. Robert Tyler. I understand, however, that Mr. Polk will give Mr. C. some other place. . Among the nnminations.sent in to-day vere those of 'Mr. Wm. H. Polk. brother of the President, as Charge a' Naples; Mr. A. H. Everett, of Massachusetts, Minister to China; Mr. Jowett, of Maine, Charge to Chili: Mr. Parmenter, late member of Congress, Naval Officer at Boston ; Mr. Shaler, of New York, Consul at Hong Kong, &c. The President has determined to send in no nominations except for places nnw vacant or soon becoming vacant by limi tation of the term of service. The pro cess, of removal will not, therefore, soon commence, nor is it likely to be carried to a very great extent. WAs11INeroN, March'17. The death of Senator Bates, which ne curred last evening;'was announced in the Senate by'his colleague, Mr. Webster, to day. Mdany circumstances concurred to render the event one of more than ordinary interest. The re appearance of Mr. Web' ster, in the Senate, and the subject of his first address to that body, brought crowds to the Senate hatnber- Mr. Bates. too had been long known and highly respect ed here, and his death was deeply lamented fie was one of-the modern school of party politicians; he had no fanaticism, no ani mosities; no ambition of office, -His views were elevated, and his manners refined, frank and courteous. The loss of such men, as they drop off' one after the other cannot be too much deplored. *We can not say of them as of the golden bough, that on beIng torn away another will up pear. Mr. Websters eulogy was simple and unaffected, and devoid of any effort for display. .His emotions frequently choked his utterance, and many in the. hall and galleries wept as he presented in succes sion, and in vivid light the picture of the death bed. the mourning of relatives and friepds, and the gloom spread over the beautiful- town of the residence of the de ceased. After a momentary pause. Mr. Huger, of South Carolina, rose, unexpectedly to the friendsoftuhedeceased, and volunteered his testimony to the worth and the gentle manly bearing of the departed Senator. Mr. H oger spoke in an eloquent and in pressive manner of the character of Mr. Bates as a Senator. "Massachuset ts," he said, "would find a successor, 'but hapoy would it be for Maissachusetts," and hap py for us should she find one of such sena torial characteristics, of such honor, intel ligence and arbanity?" It struck every one as peculiarly proper that the departhre of a Senator of what may be termed the old sc'hool should be thus spoketl of by the only temaining Senator of that age and order, and it was more particularly appropriate, inasmuch as these Secators were of opposite politics and belonging to States whose recent atti tude toward. each other has been unfriend ly. The funeral ceremonies will take place to-morrow. The Senate will probably be detained here till Thursday. No more nominations w~ill be made, but monie are still unacted upon, mnd' t here are also twvo communications bofore the Sen ate from the State Department i-a relation to Mexico- and Texas. EZEUUTRVE AvPotNTfENTs. In-the absence of any official publica tion as yet of the- appointments by the President of the United States, confirmed by the Senate, since the 4th of' March wve have drawn together in the following' list, for the benefit of our distant readers, atic~h of the moat important oaes as- we could obtain, eparately. AP1olWT~aNT BT THE PEREtDFtTi By and sth t|e-adbiceand consent of the Senate. James Buchanan, of Pennsylvania, to be Secretary of State. - Robert J. Walker, of Mississippi, to be -Secretary of the Treasury. .W. L. Marcy, of New York, to be See retaty of War. George' Bancroft, of Massachusetts, to be Secretary of the Navy. Cavp Johnison, o( Tennessee,-to l'e Post Master General. John Y. Mayson of Virginie,-to be At torney General.'' Mexander Ea. Everett,o(-Massachusetts, to be Commnissionei to China. Beujamnin Q. Shields, of Alabama, to be William H. Polk, of Tennessee, to be Charge toNaples.' Albert G. Jeweu, of Maine, to be Charge to Peru. Benjamin F. Butler, or New York, to be District Attorney for the Southern Dis trict of New York. . Benjamin F. Purdy, of New York, to he Surveyor of the P'ort of New York. John Davis,' of Pennsylvania, to be Surveyor of the Port of Philadelphia. William Parmenter, of Massachusetts, to be Naval Officer at Boston. Prosper M. Wetmore, of New York, to be Naval Agent at New York. - Laughlin, of Tennessee. to be Re corder of the General Land Office. Robert Armstrong, of Tennessee, to be Counsul at Liverpool. J. V. Bradford, of Tennessee, to be a Purser in the Navy. J. H. Prentiss, to be Marshal for the Northern District of New York. Naval Appoiutments. Charles H. Hasiwell, Engineer in Chief; and as Chief Engineers, John Faronjr., Andrew. Hebard, Jines Thompson, Win. P. Villiamson, Charles B. Moss, Win. Sewell, jr., and Win, W. W. Wood. Natirnal Intelligencer. From the N. Y. Spirit of the Times. We published a week or two since, a most anusing story of one Judge Douglass, 'if Illinois, in which that gentleman having accepted the hospitality of a large family, occupying a single room, was obliged to undress and " hop into bed," in the pre sence of a young lady. This young lady the Judge describes as a "Venus in linsey woolsey-plump as a pigeon, and smooth as a persimmon.*' The Judge himself was "a small man physically speaking," and the idea of going to bed before the young lady-a modest. sensible girl, who from habit, thought nothing of the circumstance -turned his.head topsy.turvy. The idea of pulling ff'his boots before her was death, and as to doffing his other fixitns, he said be would sooner have taken ofl' his legs with a hand saw! At length the tremendous crisis ifpproached. The Judge had par tially undressed, entrenched behind a chair which offered no more protection froim " the enemy," than the rungs of a*ladder. 'then he had a dead open space of '.en feet between the chair and the bed-a sort of Bridge of Lodi passage, as lie describes it, which he was forced to make, exposed to a cruel 'raking fire, fore and aft, The Judge proceeds: "Body, limbs, and head, setting up busi iness on one hundred and seven an:J a half pounds, all told, of flesh, blood and bones, cannot, individually, or collectively, set up any very ostentatious pretensions, I be lieve the young lady must have been set tlilg in her mind some philosophical point on that head. Perhaps her sense of jus tice wished to assure itself of a perfectly f'air distribution of the respective motives. Perhaps she did not feel easy till she knew that a kind Providence had not added to general poverty individual wrong. Cer tain it was, she seemed rather pleasdt with her speculations: for when I arose from a stooping posture, finally, wholly disencum- i bered of cloth, I noticed mischievous sha- i dows play ing about the corners of her mouth. It was the moment I had deter- i mined to direct her eye to some astonish- I ing circumstance out of the window. But I the young lady spoke at the critical mo ment. -.Mr. bouglass,' she observed,' * oui hat'e got a mighty emall chance of legs there!' Men selom have an& notion of their own powers. 1'never mode any preteni- I sions to skill in " ground and lofty tumb-i ling ;" but it is strictly true, I cleared at one bound, the open space, planted myself I on the centre of the bed, and was buried in I the blankets in a twinkling," This story of Judge Douglass has sGg-c gested to Field, of the St. Louis " Re-a veille," the following adventure of a Mis souri politician t Trhe "gentleman from Illinois " is not thie only gentleman whoae legs have led C him into embarrassment ! A political friends of ours, equally happy in his man ners, if not in his party, among the Mis f souri constituency. found himself, while F canvassing the State, last summer, for a Congress, in even) a more peculiar per- I plexting predicament than the lilinoisjudge. I There is a spot in the south western part b of this State known as the Fiery Fork of a Honey Run !-a delicious locality, no o doubt, as the run of " honey" is ofcourse a accompanied by a corresponding flow of ti -"milk " and a mrixture of milk and honey, ' or, at any rate, honey and "peach" is the t evidlence of sublunarf dotifentient, every I place where they have preaching ! " Honey Run " is further christianiz'ed lI by the presencee of an extremely hospitable a family, wvhose mansion, comprising oneb aparment-'neithcr more or less-is renostn- Il ed for being uever shut against the travel- a ler, and so out fienid found it during the e chill morning air, at the expense of a rhen- a matism in his shonider, its numerous an- d aff'ected cracks and spaces clearly show-c ing, that dropping the latch was a useless ' formality. The venerable host and hostess, '] in their one apartment, usually enjoy the society of t wo sons, four daughters, sundry * dogs and" n iggers" and as many lodgers e as mhay deem it prudent to risk the some- C what equivocal allotment of sleeping part ners. On the night imnquestion, our friend, I after a hearty supper of harn and eggs, t 'and a canvass of Fiery Forkers, the oldt lady having pointed out his becd, felt verya weary, and only looked for an opportunity I " to turn " though the' misquitoos were trumping all sorts of wrath, and- net ap peared to bar them. The dogs flung themselves along the floor, or again rose, restlessly, and sought the door step; thet niggers stuck their feet in the yet warm ashes ; the old man stripped,- unsc!rupu- |I lously, and sot~ght his share of the one cols a lapsed looking pillow, and sons, cavalierly, followed his example leaving the old wo man,-" galls " and stranger's, to settle any I qguestion of dielicaey that might arise. The candidate yawned, looked, at his bed, went to the door, looked at-the daugh- a ters; fiually in downright recklessness, seating thimself upon the downy and pull-r ing off his coat. .Well, he pulled off his I coat, and-he folded hia coat, and then he : yakvned,-and-then: he whistled, and-then t he. called the old lady's attention to thec fact, that it- would-never do-to sleep in his rest, ad then be whistled again, san then' muddenly, an idea of herlodgers possible embarrassment seemed to flash upon the Did woman, and. she cried - Gal, jesi turn your backs roudd 'till the stranger gets into bed." The backs were turned, and the stran ger did get into bed in less than no tite, when the hostess again spoke. "Reckon, stranger as you aint used to us,'you'd better kiver up till the gals un dress hnli'bt you '" The nymphs were soon stowed away, for there were neither bustles W unhitch, nor corsets to unlace, when their mama, evidently anxious not-to smother her guest, considerably relieved him: "You can unkiver now stranger; I'm maeried folks,, an I you ain't afeard of me [reckon! The stranger happened to be married folks. himself; he unkivered and turned his back with true connubial indifference, as far as the ancient lady was concernet, but with regard to the gals, he declares that his half raised curiority inspired 'the most tormenting dreams of mermaids that he ever experiented. From thb Clarteston IMercury. V MAsACHUSTTs AIND SOUTH CAMOLIA. - We have published t he argument of one of our own public men on the question of our policeelaws in regard to colored per: sone. It takes and sustains the grounds on which we would rest the contruversy. The subject has been handled els'.where also. It was the matter of a lengthy de bate in the U. 8 Senate on occasion of the admission of Florida into the Union,' the leading points of which %e shall pub-' lish as soon as possible. In Massachu ets there has been much discussion, not all on one side. We have before us a zmall parphlet, the work, it is said, of Mr. S. D. Ward of Boston, which though it does uot take the strong ground of argutnen( which alone cas, satisfy us, is written in a most liberal spirit. We quote a passage,. uear the conclusion, -which might do good' to both sides. There are few States in the Union with which any misunderstanding is more iobe regretted by Massachusetts than with S. Carolina. She is one of the Old Thirteen, who -stood shoulder to shoulder with us iuring the war of the Revolution. She lurnished during that period of priva'ion and danger, her full quota of wise legisla ors, patriotic statesmen, and gallant offi :ers. She.suffered as much and perhaps more, daring that glorious struggle for in !ependence, than any State in the Union. She has sent, since that time, to the coun :ils of the nation, legislators of the most >rilliant and splendid talents, and has nanfully redeemed in after years, the riclk romises she gave in the early period- f ier history. It is true she has not acqui ,seed so readily in the natiuial -policy of he few past years as could have been wished. But it is equally true that that iolicy has pressed hard upon her, and it would seem churlish indeed to deny to the uffering' the comtmon privilege of ct lanint. If she has striven to throw off that >olicy, she has done no more perhaps, than he right of self-preservationfWouldjusaify ; tad if tie manner has sometimes been less )rudent than it should have been, we think ihe would meet with little difficulty in inding a precedent among the records of ier sister States. The present difficulty between the t wo tates is the more painful from the social tnd friendly intercourse which has, until vithin a few years past, sub~sisted bet'ween heir capitals. Charleston and Boston lave mained a closer and more friendly nimacy than any two other Northern and southiermi cities. In the days of the pros eority of Carolina, when tier cotton plan atious produced their harvest of gold, a forthern summer was sure to bring to our ity her fair daughter., her rich planters od distinguished Statesmen ; her money vas scattered with a free and generous and, and the pains-taking inhabitants of ur city are the richer this day, for her areless and open hearted liberality. Our reen hills and fruitful vallics, our quiet skes and picturesque scenery, the co'i >rtable ease and independence of our pen he, were themes of never-ending praise ..d admiration. The Southerner loft us a he would have left the home of his bro ser, invoking blessings upon as. taking is fligln at the sanme season with 'lhe birds f passage, ud in flocks almost as numer us. The Southern winter atlorded him a opportunity of reciprocatting the hospi slity he had received, nor was he back rard in the discharge of hi. obligations e nobly redeemed at home the pledges e had given abroad ; his house, his table, is horses and servants were all at the un mited commanid of his Niorthern visitor; bolifon' bad not then severed the tie that ond him to his guest, he measured hts indness with no stinted hand. We can peak feelingly on the subject, for we have iperienced the truth of the faint and un stusfactory picture we have attemipted to raw. Amongst all our youthful reminis ences there are none so strong as the iarm-hearted welcome of the Southerner. 'he day haar been' whee at the Southr it ras recommend~ation enougn for the tranger that he was a Bostonian. It is ad to reflect how the state of things has hanged ; that Massachusetts is now in the 'an-guard of those he esteems his roes; bat he meets her citizens not as friends in be festal hall, but as armed champions' in be lists; and feels that at such a meeting, a at that of the Southern low-lander and be Scotch horderer, in former das: the trife must be deadly. The Legisfattire of Illnois closed its Lnual session on the 3d instant; previous au which the bill for paying the interest on part of the State debt, and the bill ma-~ ing provision for comipleting the lilhinois ad Michigan canal, (thie last bill being nr-nied of thai part of the interest bill rhich was at first rejected- by the Senate,) ,oth passed info laws. Singular Fatality.NA British soldier icidently fell into the water at Quebec, Janada, a few days since, when a senti el- walking by, hardily attempted to get im out b. -reaehieg him the butt of his riusket; Tshe drowning man grasped the veapon, and in- his'-struggle it was dis 'harged,-the contents. of which entered be head-of the uentineh,-and killed him in - From the Charleston Patriot, Marth 16. LETTER OF MR. CALHOUN. The following reply was received from Mr. Calhoun to the- invitation, thro' their Chairman, Henry bailey, Esq., of the .Comnittee of Fifty. t6 a public dinner: . CHAIiESTON, 15th March, 1845. Dear Sir-1 greatly regret that it is not in my,power to prolong my stay sufficiently fo accept the invitation so kindly tendered by you, as the Chairman of the joint Com mittee, appointed by the ~City Colincil and the citizens of Ch-arleston, to partake of a public dinner with the citizens of Charles Ion. My arrangements will compel me to leave your hospitable City to-morrow, for my residence in Pendleton. 1 avail myself of the occasion to return my heartfelt thanks to the City Council, and the citizens of Charleston generally, for this and the many other marks of res pect which they have extended to me. Jonever shall cease to remember them 'with the profoundest gratitude, while a pulsation of.ny heart remai'ns. Never had a public man such cause to be grate ful to his constituents as I have to them and the citizens of the State g'enerally. It is my pride and consolation to be able to say that after thirty six years of public Services in various stations, and in passing through many and trying scenes, their con fidence had riever forsakeni me. If it has been my fortune to render any service worth remembering duriig that long pe riod to the State or the Union, to them the credii is due whose firm and unwavering support never for a moment deserted nie on that I ever relled with confidence, while I followed the lead of Truth, Justice and the Consitution ; and it was that -reliauce whieh enabled me to pursue the course I have without hrsitation or faltering steps. With the highest respect, - I am, & (Signed) J. C. CALHOUN. H. HAILEr, Esq. Chairman of the Joint Committee. ti From the Spartanburg Spartan GREGG'S ESSAY ON DOMESTIC INDUSTRY. "It being an enquiry into tzle expediency of establishing Cotion Factories. in Sout! Carolina." This is a well written and well digested pimphlet, of some sixty pa ges, devoted to the subject indicated by its title. We have read this work with great care and great interest, and -if Mr. Gregg be right, and we do not say he is wrong, it is well worthy of perusal, and alixious consideration, by every South Carolinian.. Although, Mr. Gregg i6 a new teacher ir. political economy, we are willing tus learn from any, competent to itmpah in frirmation. That there is much truth in k his theories, we doubt not, but, that the introduction of Cotton Manufactures into South Carolina, would prove a sovereign panacea for all the ills our people are la boring under, we are not prepared to ad- I mil. But there is substantial ifoirmation t these Essays; and, had such a pamphlet been put into the possession of the public ten years since, it would have saved the i sacrifice of a large amoutit of property. [I accounts, apparently satifactorily, for a some things that have been an enigma to us. We never could solve the riddle, how we in the South. with innumerable advan- Is tages over the North, could not prosecute, I with success the manufacture of Cotton Yarns and (Ifoth. Mr. Gregg is right w ben he says oirerv hody is road3 to point out the failure in ~ Cotton Manufactures, when the subject is e birought before them for consideration, the A failures beitng wvithout a solitary exception, so far as we are informed. It is a true some few small establishments have doune I pretty fair, but that was because the I owner acted as his own Agent, Machinist and Overseer; and, we are happy to hear that the unfortunate Vaucluse, in the hands of 'its present ownters, is doimg a good business, but it should be remnembered * that, an es~ablishmttent of the capacity of ~ Vaucluse, would cost a niew Comupany, ri miore than double :he amount that Mann- a~ factory cost Messrs. Jones and Gregg. But. we suspeem the Stockhmolders of the IRiv.intsville M1arnufacturing Comnpatny had a hegun to find our, before the publication of d Mr. Gregg's Essays, the causes of failures p he indicates. WVe refer to thtis Establish- e mnent, withim five miles of us, because we know more of it and its Stockholders than of any other establishmnent in the State.i The Stockholder; have relied upon the Ilomte Market, gud udder the miserable credit system have found it a poor rel i anco. The majority of the best informed ' of this Company, had come to thme con clusion, that the Establishment was too E small to make the business as profitable as it could be made, and that tbe ho'De market was no market at all. Should it they follow their own experience and take C Mr. Gregg's advice, we trust they may e yet realize their former sanguine expec- e tations Wte most cordially cowrmedd thtis pamaplh let to the~perusal of every one desirotis of obtaining valuable information. Where in we should differ with Mr. Gregg is suf- ~ ficiently indicated in the preceeding arti cle and need not be repeated. Still- we are free to say that Mr. Gregg has given us si important and desirable information, and di we return him our unfeigned thanks. o A Wrholesale Mterdrer.-The almost* daily accounts from South America bring fresh nows of the atrocities- of a monster who it would scarcely be imagined existed in the nineteenth centuryv. Gen. Rosas, the Ii Dictator of the Argen tne Riepublic, still d continued his work of blood and destrue. E tion. The detaiJs, as published in an ablee work by one Senor idarte, give the fol b lowing result ef the wholesale murdersa whrich Rosas has to answer-Died by pot son, 4; cutting throats, 3,765; by shooting, 363; by the poignard, 732; in battle, 14, 920; and by various pirosecutions irecluding a executions for desertion, and attempts to desert, 1,600.-Phil. Chiron. a Horrid Mfurder.--The subjoined extract i of a letter received in Baltimore, gives an n account of a horrid murder recently perpe. ti trated. ' - P LEKINGToN, March 6, 1845. ti "Clifton R; Thompson and his brothor, C Mr. J. Thompson had gone to Mount Ster- b ling to attendi a suit in Court hatween C. ,d I. Thompson and H. Daniel, which suil as been continued from court to court by he affidavitb of said Daniel, for a good nany teris. He asked for a further hou inuance in the case, an- to obtain it made iflidavits to some things. Thompson Vias leing heard by.ihe Judgeton the subject ol i continuance, and accused Daniel of sta ing a vile and false calumny in his atfida Pit. At this moment Daniel rose and ob ierved to him not to repeat that. Thomp on', with his faee turned to the Judge, said, 'I do repent it;" at that rostant Daniel Irew his pistol and fired-the ball passing brough his body. killed him instantly. )aniel mado ai effort to escape, but was aken and hurried off to jail, or othrewise ie wo uld have been murdered by the nob. Public opinion seems to be very nuch against hin, as it is looked upon as to unprovoked and premeditated murder. Ebt 00btrtlom EDGEFIELD C. H. WEDNESDAY, MARCH 26, 1845. 'We will ding to the Pillars of the Temple o Our Liberties and if it mts' fall, we will per. iAh amidst the Ruins." COLD WEATHER.-For several days past the reather has been uniisually cold and uncom Drtable for tho season On Thurslay and 'riday mornings there was .good deal of ice. Ve have had several ki linj frosts, and vegeta on in cousequeice, is considerably retarded. 'tom what we can lehrn, the frmtat is much in ured, if not nearly destroyed, and the forward :rops of wheat and-corn greatly dnmaged. On innday, the weader became somewhat warm nd a rtain fell at night and continued on Mon. ay. FATAL RENcoNTRE.-I again becomes ur painlu duty to record hnother fatal ifray, which occurred on Moiday aist, ear Ditnton's Post 0111ce, about nine miles nrthwest of this Vill.age, between Mr. 'has. Price and Mr. Benjamin F. Joneis. a whioh the latter was almost iisiantly illed, by the discharge ofa shot gun in the attds olr Mr. Price. We hav6 unici tood the cause to be some family diflicul es, but we forbear any remarks, as Mr. rico came directly to this place for the urpose of delivering himself into the hands f the proper. authoritios. and will be tried y a jury of his countrymen. Price is now I Jail. We also learn, that a similar occurrence ok' place near Aikets. between a Mr. uckhalter and a Mr. Taylor, In which the itter was dangerously wounded, and at itest dates wat not expected to recover. We are indebted to Mr. S. A. Holmes, f Augusta, through Mr. T. Crooker, for spies of the Regents Daughtter and Arthur rundel. As many of our readers -knowv, Messrs. Cal atn antd McDuffie have fetufned to their amnea in South Carolius. U. S. Senator from Pennsylziinia.-On the 2th instant, thte Legislature of Pennsylvauia lected Simorn Cameron to the United States enatet to. fill the vacancy -occasiolied by the esigntiton of Mr. Butchanana, who has been poinited by Mr. Polk, Secretary of State. The Legislature of North Carolina recently >proprg' d the ananual sitm or five thoeusand alars, rout the 1st or May next, for the sup rt of a deaf and dum asyinmu, to be establish I at kaleigh. Thao following gentlemen were, on the 10th st. elected Ditectors of the Biank of Huntburg: H . Htutchinson, b. L. A dams, J. W Stoekes, .Parrott, W. W. Starke, Geo. W. Garmany, J. Blackw bod. At a mteetinag of the Boatd, H-. Hntehinson, sq., wan un~animously re-elected Presidert. The H~amburg Republican says, the followv. g gentlemen hive been appointed by the City ouncil of Auguasta, Commissioners for the mstructiront of a Canal from Bull Sluce to thalt y.. Henry A. Cumming. Julhn Phinizy, Senor., hn P. King, James Harper, John H. Manan. htnles J. Jonkmns, Andrew J Miller, William E. D'Antia ac, Johna Barnes. Tle Augutsta Coastituationalist of March 20th lys, the Canal Conmmissioners appointed by e City Council. met on Tuesday last, and eganized thtemselves as a board by the choice 'Col. H- H . Cummiag as President, and. Mr, illiamn Phillips as Secretary. ORATIoNt OF H EaaY L. PZNCLKNEY.-A friend us sent us a pamphlet copy of ana "Oration livered before the Literary Societies of the outh Carolina College," on the 3rd of De rotber. 1844, by Henry L. Pinkney, a mem er of the Claric~sophaic Society. In pursn. ace of a resolution passed by the Clariosophic ociety, it has been published. It issued from ie letter press of Mr. I. C Morgan. It is etly printed in a clear large type. The subject of the Oration is "The neces ty of popular enlightenment to the honor and elfare of the State." In his Oration. Mi. inckney notices the objection whichi has been ade~ against literary institutions supported by e State. He shows that the Suate has the ower to establish a system of public instruc. n. -He shtows that the establishment of a ollege or other institutions of learning, is em raced within the scope of the legitimate and in. sptable fnctins of thn. Legislature. He iiotices another objection which has been made against a State Institution. The objection is N. "that the Legislature nets unjustly in compell ing those to support this Institution, whose chil dren are not educated here, or in other words1 taxing one portion of the community, for the benefiipf another." He says, "This argument defieats itself, be cause irit avails any thing against -he patron, age of learning by the State,it is equally fatal to many other objects of great utility and value, which d,-pend for their existence on the public purse. From the nature of things no indi vidual or class of society can receive an imme diate or direct advantage from every application ofthe public revenue. If no expenditure was allowed except those, the fruits of which are partaken equally by all, it is evident that liitfe or no good comparatively could be effected by the State." He says. that all classes are amply compensated for their contributions to a Col lege established 6Y the Legislaiure in the moral ahii intellectual improvement of the State at large, and in the perfeci assurance which is af forded of the promotion of regulated freedom to theniselves,.and of its transmission to suc ceeding generations." He -refutes another ob jection, which is, that the case of education, would W4 best promoted, if taken 'romi the Legislature and entrusted to the judgment of the people. However properly dlgposed pri Yate individuals may be, Air. P. says, ihey are unable to act with tha't oncentration and effi ciency which the.cause requires, and which can be exerted only by the power of the. Statei "They might-establish literary lnstitu tions of a minor character, and dependent upon particular associaiions-for t heir maid tenance.'but in vain would we look for 1i college worthy of the name. Through. opt theUn ion, all the colleRes of the hight est grade and reputation, have beedi estab lished by ihe constituted authorities of tht States in which they exist." He dwells upon the great benefit which.thd State has already derived from the College. *ie says. whilst advocating a system of publid instruction, he is not opposed to literary znmti tutions of a private character, hut directly the reverse. "State'patronage leaves-ample rorn for the operation ol'private enterprise, whethei undertaken by associations or individuals, and whether it appear in the form of Col legei or Schools. As many tributaries unite to constitute the great flather of riv ers. so all the Seminaries of learning do .opbrAie in the general productio-n of a flood of ligh'm. Thtn let 'then all be sustained J.o the uttermost possible extent. Let the Legislature and. Ite people vie with eapLhi other in (14is e'alted 6bject of patriotic em ulation. het them f'el, nud act upon tie prinriple, tmal liternty instittuliois* are lfountains of excellence, 'rom which piety and knowledge are constnmtly issuing 'to regeverate society, cud tlmt however they may differ in qoality o0 power, they still move together, like connueut streams, all contributing to the general diffusion of in telligence and virtue, even as the .stars, however differing in brightness, contribute, respectively. to the glory of the firinament. Nor.let it be supposqd, tha ' oca ting public instructioniI,'laIitOid . ld Se to the cultivation of the mind alone. On the contrary. the improvement of the in tellectual faculties, im portant as it is, ougla to be regarded ais only secondary to the improvement of the mtoral. It is lame table, in a Christian cotmmnunity like ours, and in the enli~thtened ace in which we live, that any scheme of education should be permiittedl, which knows no religion, but the ancient mythology, nor any code of ethics, bum the crude philoseophmy of pagan sages. As it is much more importaitt that men shtould he goo-d thtan great, so our youth shoutld be carefully imbned with the prinecipl~es of virtue, and- not merely qualified for the serular purposes of lire. Mental accom;'lishemeats alone, afford no security againist individual, or popular cor ruption." -Thme last consideration that I shall urge, is the equally useful tend ornatmental character of learning. Who can estimate the difference between civilization and sav agism-between the refinement of a Eu ropean cify, and thme crepucutlar light of an-African hotrdc-bet ween t he American. nation, as it now stands in all i's spleimedor aud its power, and the aboriginal inhabi tants of this continent as they gazed with wonder at the appearance of Columbutst What is there great or good, elegant or useful,. for which manekind are not indebted to the intluence of learning ? It has rear' ed up cities, and founded emnpit es. It lia conqttered the earth, the sea, and the air, and subjected thenr alli;o the will of man It has filled the earth net only with com forts, but with luxuries-not oniy with. needless thtings, but with an endless var' ety of pleasures. It has perfected, equally, the art of war, and the arts of peace. It regulates the movements of -armies, andf controls the destinies of nations. It cnavi gates the ocean, spans the cataract, and reclaims the forest. It elevates vallies, and depresses hills. It introduces nations to each other, and imparts to all the peeu liar products and comrmodities of each.. It unfolds the mysteries of nature, and teacht es man to "look through nature up to na ture's God." It enchains the -lightoing-, converses with the stars, and traces com eta in thteir fearful course. It stabjects the elements to its power, and rides, -like a conqueror., over earth and sea, by the ma gic power of' resistless steam. It is seen in the canal, the tunnel, and the aqueduct. It is seen in the elegant mansion, and the noble ship,'in the commanding fortr and the lofty spire. It is seencn h breathing canivass, and the speaking mr ble. It is seen in the wisdom of phios phy, the usefulness of history, and the el gance of poetry. It cnlls up the sparttof the mighty dead, and makes us acquainted with the master-minds of every age and nation.- It travels- with the traveller, and accompanies the adventurotns explorer-in his voyage of discovery. It instructs us in the customs andi religion; the laws and I polity, of every people upon earth, It do velopes the arcana of the human mind, and the wonderful structure of the human frame. It restores health, and prolong existence. It aseertains the causes of' dis ease, applies a remedy to every ill, and vin dicates the divinity of' the, healing art.- -ft