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POLITICAL. From the N. Y. Journal of Commerce. A NATIONAL BANK. Judging the tone of a portion of the newspapers at the;South and South West, there are still, in those sections, many warm advocates of a National Bank ; and the favor with which they regard such an Institution, appears to rest chiefly on its supposed usefuiness in regulating the ex changes. There is no need of discussing the subject at this late day, with a.view to any practical result,-for there is not the least probability that a National Bank will ever again he established in this country. But possibly it may console some of the advocates of the measure, to discover that the exchanges are in a much better condition without such an Institution, than they ever were with one. In fact, a !,great regulator," designed to counteract the immutable laws of trade, wichcawne'ver be related with impunity, is in the end the greatest disturber of the exchanges as we have too fataily seen. rMr. Pickens of Carolina, in an able speech delivered on the floor of Congress, Aug. 9th 1841. (the whole of which would richly reward a perusal.) presents some sound views on the subject, adapted to the latitudes and longitudes above mentioned; and also some facts, showing the state of exchanges between different parts of the country at various periods du ring the existence of the U. S. Bank. The views-of Mr. P. have received am ple confirmation, since they were presen ted to Congress, in the admirable working of the charges under the free system. No pond 'ous machinery of man's devi sing has been in operation ; yet the ex changes are regulated, in a manner far better than any such machinery ever did, or ever could, accomplish it. EXTRACT FROM MR. PIcKEs' SPEECH We are told that a national bank is es sential to regulate exchanges ; and I ra ther think this assertain has had as much weight in the community as any other cousidoration. Many have been induced to believe that such was the fact. There was never a greater fallacy. The true mean 'ing of real exchange in the difference be tween cash and a bill drawn on a given point. This could alone be regulated by the state of trade between' the two points, But, in the modern use of the term, it had come to be considered as merely the dif ference between bank notes of different institutions, or the difference in the price of bank paper. A bank note was at spe cie par, or undet it, according to its con versibility. Exchange is now conside red the difference between (the capacity of banks to convert their paper into spe cie at one point, and their capacity at another point. For instance : in the city of Augusta, I believe, the banks all sus pended except, perhaps, the Planters and Mechanics'; and the consequence was, that there was a conference in favor of the paper of that institution of some 5 or 6 per cent. So that, if this be exchange, then there was a difference of five or six per cent in exchange from one street in the city Augusta on another street in the same city. The same might be said as to the Hamburg Bank, which is on one side of the river, and the banks on the otherside. It is only the difference in the price of bank paper as compared with specie par; it is a mere absurdity to call it exchange, and the argument founded on it is a mere catchpenny argument. Now in this modern sense of exchange, I lay down the proposition, that the late U States Bank never did equalize exchan ges. We have heard it boldly asserted that all this was regulated by the last bank, as if we were to forget the past. Now let us look at the histoty of this matter from the records, during the full operation of the last United States Bank. I present a table taken from the Senate document No. 457, session of 1837-'38. Prices of bank notes throughout the year 1818. Maryland 6tu0anfrm2tOpe scent dis. 1N.Carolina3t4 '" 5o S. Carolinait3 pecntis Georgia 3o Tennessee 4to6adfo8to1pe cent dis. Kentucky 6to1pecetis Oho to4'O : Countrbank o3Pnn per cent dis. Maryla 3 toto " Conr 4ak of N fro 3 to 1 pe 6Vtrniper ceto 4s NbohCrla 6 to 10 Prices of bank notes throughout the year 18. Boutynk o 1Pen 4 per cent dis. Massylaontd bs 3 to 4 " PenCountry bsN. 3 to 4 " Virginia to 4 - Sout Carolina to 8 Georgia to 15 Teannosee1to2 - Kentucky, nopic to 25 Ohio 1 o2 Ma. country b'ks e3 to 4 PenS. country b's Portouh 4 . "p sirini 2 to 4 US.abank, aBton,4 sa "s Gergia 1to41 Ten. Stte brach' tMddeonCn Ohit-1-5 to 254 U.S rnc bnk Ptortsmtougthe yHarp hde, Isa- 2 Ne. 2kcutr 's to 46 U, Sotabrayc b'sa ieto wnCn S.cticut. a 1- to 4 . Ge oria ntyb's 1 to 5 Tennessee, no sales. Kentuky b'k br's. . 3 These are not the extreme, but the ave rage. There are separate tables, contain iag'the discount of those banks that were Areater than the average -quoted, which amount to 50 and 80 per cent discount, &e., in the ame period. Prices of bank notes in Philadelphia throughout the year 1826. -Maine and N. Hampshire I to2a per cen dis. N. Y. country banks 2 to 5 " N. Carolina 3to 4 " S. Carolina 1 to 2 " Georgia 2 to 3 " Alabama 10 to 15 " Mississippi 10" Tennessee 20" Kentucky 40 to 50 " Ohio 5 to S " Prices of bank notes throughout the year 1827. Maine and N. Eng'd. gen. 1 to2 per cent discount. New York country I to 3 " Western Virginia 3 to 4 " N. Carolina 3 to 5 " Alabama 10to 25 " Louisiana 5 " Natchez 6 " Tennessee 10 " Kentucky 30 to 40 " Ohio 4 to 5 " Michigan 10 " Prices of bank notes throughout the year 1828.: N. Carolina 6 to 12 per cent dis. Georgia 2 to 4 " Alabama 20 to 25 " New Orleans 4 to 0 Mississippi 3 to 7 ". Tennessee 10 -" Kentucky 25 so I believe that thousands have been in duced to think that the last United States Bank made all these things equal. Now, if a national bank could regulate this kind of exchange, it could only do so by pur suing the same course it did in 1820, and 1821, when it made the attempt. What was then the operation? Its branches, par ticularly in the west and south and south west, gist possessed of the local circula tion, and ran upon the local banks for spe cie to strengthen the mother and central branches at Philadelphia and New York; the result of which would be to concen trate all the specie of the country in its own vaults. With its public deposits, and the disbursements of the national re venue,no local bank could stand its opera tions. In 1819, 1820 and 1821, it broke almost every bank in the west and south west. The country was prosrated under it; and such must inevitably be again the operation of a central Government institu? tion, with its branches in the remote States. It will use the power and re sources of the federal revenues to oppress and ruin our local institutions. I am not left to conjecture in this matter. It was the history of the last bank. Mr. Biddle avowed the policy in a communication, as president of that institution, to a commit tee of Congress. dated 16th April, 1832. He used the following language: "The whole force of the institntion was therefore directed to strengthen that place, (New York;) and the distant branches were directed to avoid incommoding it, and the Atlantic branches near to them, by drafts upon them; but to pay their balances to them with as little delay as the conveni ence of their respective localities would permit. This is the whole policy of the bank in the last six months. It will be seen, therefore, that without a dimunition there is an actual increase of business in New York. ani a large increase of the do mestic bills at the 'ranches; the increase in New York being for the purpose of pro tecting the interests there, and the increase of the remittances beitng from. the west and the south to sustain New York and the Northern Atlantic branches. in as suming this part on the present occasIon, the bank deemed itself only acting as it was designed to act by the Congress which created it, and placing itself in its true natural attitude to the Government and to the country." I think Mr. Cheves and Mr. Biddle htave both declared that there was no peri od of their presidency of that institution when they could not, if they had cho sen, have exercised its power so as to have prostrated any local bank they might think proper. it is a strange infatuation to see men eager to place the local inssitu tions, particularly of the south and west, at the mercy of such an institution. Are we prepared to sacrifice our local stock holders, who have vested their all in our State hank., for the interest of a new ceu tral Gov-ernment batnk? It arises from the .delusion as to exchanges. Create such a bank. and if it gives you a circula tion that shall he equal everywhere, it can only he done by making its paper equal to gold and silver; and if it be equal to gold and silver, it will 'hen require as much produce, or as nyuchz of any thing, to get it as to get gold and silver. If your local paper be not convertable then, it will require just as much of that to procure the money of a United Statei Bank as it would to procure gold and sil ver now, or available funds. The local paper would be just as much belowv the United States standard as it would be be low specie par -that is, if the United States Bank paper should be equal every where; and it would only be so, because of its equality withI the specie standard. And this I have demonstrated from the price of banik paper which I have showsl you in the tables presented for the differ eat years of the existence of the last bank; to this aight be added the cost of trans portation of specie. Now, then, wher you establish branches of a Rational inisti tution, and make its circulation equal t< gold and silver,then will commenee the sys temn of comparing the paper of your Statt institutions with that of the branch at the nearest point; and the consequence will be that private brokers will be transferred t< the counters of the branch, and your loca paper will be shaved there. From its connection with the revenues of the Government and a central institu tion sustained by public deposies, it wil get control of fictitious exchanges, and as atn inevitable consequence, will sacri fice,~ in emergency, the distant points ti sustain the centre-it cannot be, nor evet has ben, other-wise.- This kind ofequnal izing exchanges is all nominal. Thern may be only~ one half. or three-fourth, per cent. between the branch and the en tral institutiony but tihe circulation of the local banks will be still below par. in es act proportion to their convertibility at commercial point. This was the case, al I have shown from the tables presented Is will take jns'the same amount of Iran paper, or produce, to obtain the general and equal circulation, under that system, as it does to procure specie, with the ex ception of the cost of transportation. Any twp specie points are r.ow equal in exchange, except as to cost of transporta tion and the difference in trade. Produc tive labor can receive no advantage, from any other system than the preservation of the specie standard; and that can. be done by this government using it entirely in its dues and disbursements, and by the States enforcing convertibility in their local insti tutions. "Compare these rates with those now pre vailing, and behold the difference. Rns. J. C Exchanges including Certificales and Checks October 27, 1843. Boston 1 a i dis. Columbus 1-j a 14 Phil. par a 4 di. Savannah i a I Baltin're par a 4 dis. Mobile par a I prm Was'ton D C 4 dis. N. Orleans l a 4 prm Richmond 4 a 4 dis St Loutissp'e 14a i4dis Raleigh 14 a 2' Louisville I a 14 " Charleston & a 1 " Cincinnati lI a 2 Augusta j a I Nashville 2 a 21 Macon 1 - " IApalachicola 1 - MISCELLANEOUS. From the Mercury. PROSPECTS OF COTTON. Mr. Editor.-About two month's since I offered to your readers some remarks on the history of Cotton, founded in part on the singular coincilence of every great increase in the product, having invariably been followed the next year by as great a falling off-and I remarked that this coin cideuce, if it be nothing more went to strenghten the opinion prevailing amon.st the planters, that the present crop would not exceed 1,800,000 hales-and further, that if the crop does not exceed that amount, it was reasonanle to look for higher prices-even 10 a 12 cents. That this conclusion is not unreasonable as will appear from the statistics below, of the Stocks, receipts and consumption of United States Cotton in Europe. We will explain afterwards why the exhibit is confined to American Cotton. The Stock of American Cotton in Europe on the 1st of June, 1843 s as es timated at 448,000 b. Receipts in Great Britain to Sept, 30, 1,320,000 Estimated from 1st October to the 31st December, 100,000 1,420,000 Receipts in France to 31st August, 299,000 Estimated to 31st December 51,000 350,000 Rest of Europe for the year, 175.000 Total supply for '43, 2,398,000 h. The consumption of Great Britain in 1842, was 962,000 increase for 1842, estimated at 5000 bales per week, was 260,000 1,222,000 France in 1842 was 366,000 Increase 1843, 30,000 396,000 Rest of Europe in 1842, 134,000 Increase 1843, 36,000 170,000 Total con. for 1843, 1,788,000 Stock on hand 1st Jan. 1843 605,000 By comparing then the total supply of American Cotton with the comsuption for the present year, it appears that the stock on hand in all the countries of Europe will be on the 1st Jan, next, 605,000 b). If the crop of this year does not exce-ed. 1,800.000 bales, the United State will re qunire 400.000-leaving for Europe 1,400.000 and miakiog the supply for 1844 2,005,000 Consumption taken same as 1843 1,783,000 will leave stock 1st Juoe, 1845 217,000 In the statement of the supply for 1843 we have estimated the receipts ito Great Britain from the 1st Septem I-er to the end of the year, at 100,000 Lales-and this on the assumption that all the Cotton expor ted from the United States before the 1st Decetmber, will arrive in England by the 1st January. That it will not exceed this may be assuimed from the fact that the average exports of the United States for the last three years scarcely exceed this-and up to the present time they are less by 54,000 bales, than those of last year. The allowance to France of 51,000, for the four last n-onths of this year is al so a full one-the average export for the last three years not exceeding this-and up to the 6th instant there is a decrease of-6000 hales. The shipments therefore from this period to thp 1st December, must greatly exceed those of last year or any previous year, to make the receipts into Great Brit ain equal to our estimate. From a recapitulation of~ the foregoing statements it appears that the year 1844 will commence with a stock of American Cotton in Europe not exceed ing 605.000 bales--that if the present crop does not exceed 1,800,000 bales (the United States requiring 400,000) there would remain for Europe 1,400.000 which, added to stock, would make the total supply of Europe for 1844, only 2,005,000 bales, and that if the consump ton of 1844 be estimated without increase as that of 1843, the stock American Cot ton in Europe on the 1st January, 1845, would be but 217,000 hales, or 14 tmonthe consumption, and a less stock tbani at any period since 1837, with a greatly increa s ed demand. Our observations and estimates have bean confined to American cotton alone for the prospects of this must rule and go. vera all other kinds. The average sup. ply into Europe from all other countries for the last fi've- years has been almost stationary, scarcely exceding 520,000 bales-and had it not been for the increa sed production.of the U. S., the consump tied mnust have overtaken the supply of etton, and prices gone excessively high. It is idle therefore to talk of-supplies from ociber quarters having any material infiu acea G npicne ny decisve impressioa can only be looked for from the U. Sta tes. Having now given what is helkved it be a correct view of thiuga. founded o the most authentic sources of infornatio. wit hin reach, is it unreasonable, we a'k for the cotton planer to look for a better return for his labor. We have taken the consumption of 1844, without supposing any increase on that of this year, and il leaves a stock of but 217,000 bales, or e weeks consumption at the end of the year. But the average annual increase of the last five years is equal to 8 per cent, and should thie rate of increase continue (and why should it not?) there would re main s:arcely any stotck at all at the close of next year-and what then if the next prove but an average one ! Our ob. ject is not to work up prices-but simply to place before the planting interest such views & facts as may enable them to judge understandingly whether it be not thepari of wisdom to wait the developement of the crop before they hurry their proiuce to market. Prices cannot well go lower, and if the crop prove no larger than we have estimated it, they must he higher. The game to southern interests is a erect one-a rise of one cent per lb. is equal tn S millions of dollars. Unable to combine, and having to contend with the -nosi powerful combinations interested to oh. tain his produe'* at the lowest posisble price, the planter cannot too strongly feel the necessity of studying his position and acting n ith a full knowledge of all the facts and influence that control the price of his products. B. S. R. *To shew what a perfect htmburg is the no tio of East India Cottou interfering with American even in the British market. and which has cau.ed so utuh dismay to our Plan. ters, it is a fact, "that a large amount of raw cotton of American growth was sent from England to places beyond the Cape or Good Hlope, in the form of cotton fabric and twist. than the weight of East-India cotton nsed up by the manufacturers of Great Britain." The averag.' quantity of East India cotton spnn in Gueat Britain in the last ten years is 30.969, 237 lbs., or estimating it ;n balesof 300 lbs. 103.280 bales. The average weight of Cloth and Twist sent from Great Britain to places beyond the Cape of Good Hope in 1841 and 1842. was 53,578,000 lbs. or 178.590 bales. or 75,360 bales more than the quantity of India Cotton used in Great Britain!! See Hunt's Merchant Magazine for Sept., article IV. Speculation.-From- appearances the people of the United States are on the verge of speculation, more particularly that division which is interested in the corn merce and cultivation ofcotton. The two causes which in the history of commercial enterprise must co-exi-r, to produce a spir it of speculation, are now present nearly in all their full force to wit, a plethora of money& the actual or expected deficiency. of a staple of trade whose value regulates the tmoney prices of a large number of other commodities. The mere expecta tion of sore deficiency, although small in the cotton crop, in connexion with the fact that monied capitol is on all sides secking investment, are sufficient, in the present fe verish state of the public mind, to produce ex'ensive mischief, if the utmost caution is not obser ,ed. There is, we fear, falla cious calculation in some quarters founded on the late stimulus given in England to the consumption of the raw material. Its continuance will depend on profitable re turns fur the large exports of British man ufactures superinduced by the opening of new channels of trade. What is called over-productiotn in 1844 may be the resuali of stimulus of 1843. The times are significant, therefore, of m-schief. There is rest lessness in the pubh lic miud. There is morbid desire to engage in speculation. There is the huyamncy ol spirit atnd elastic energy na tural to A merieni after a season of losses. stagnation anti depressiont. WVhat is tn preven t t he renewal of extravagant enterprises, tunder such provocarive and favoring circu msta nces, but the ext retrjest caution in all those 'dhn are able to open or close at their pleasture, the great avenues ofecredit. We allude ol course to the Banks. There is a feeling o1 test lessness itt their rnagers, in the pres. ent state of limited profits, which indicate: a sympathy with those who are from 1em pei-amenlt atnd position, inclined to rush in to speculation. Bamnks may check ann cont tol or niurse atnd mature this pruriency for cotmmercial adveuuture. W~e do not apprehend the spread o! speculation over so large a surface, embra cing so comprehensive a class of person and onijec's. as that of which the people a: the United States have but just tasted then bitter frtuits. The destruction of so mnani banks i the interior forbids this result But these reservior4 of monied capital ii the larger commercial cities mtay unlocl their resources to the grasping avidity o speculative enterprise, to an extent tha might lhe productive of extensive mischief -Southern Patriot. Slavery in America and in Europe.-Ti a recent work published at Paris says the Spectator entitled "Slavery andi Li berty-the Existence of Man atnd of So ciety in Hartmony with the Laws of then Untiverse," the author, Mr Alph Ride says: "Slavery's great fatult is itn the name In France and int Etngland, workmen and house servanits are moure unfortunate nooe dependent, than any negro slave. I re~i ded more than eight years ini the slave section of the Utnited States. I havy compared the condition of the slaves ii those States, and in the WVest Ittdies, witl that of thes workmen of Life, Lyons, Ru netn, Amiens, St. uemtin and Troyes I beheld the misery of the latter, thei known dependence, and despite my pre judices agaitust slavery, I was soon con vinced, that as regarded its bearing o1 the physical constitution, material happi ness, development of intelligence, tran quility of mind, atnd perfection of the art -slavery was preferable, atnd would pro duce far superior results to any afifordei by the pretended liberty of French c English workmen." Memphis. in W est Tennessee, has ha< more thtan three hundred buildings addel to its previous number during. the presenr year. Atmoag these new buildings ar four churches and three extensive hotel -Southern PatrTiot. A late Paris paper has the following ; "Amongst the malefactors who have been lately arrested on a charge of street robberier in Pari, attended with violence is a man na ,ed Teppaz, who at first gave important information, but it was at ih, same time evident that he cuncea d a great part of the truth. "On Friday, after having been permit led to receive a visit fromt his moither, he dentanded to .ie brought belbzre the chief of the Police of hafety, to whow he had said " -1 know that I am about to commit myself beyond a possibility ofescape, but I promised my mother to tell all, and I shall keep my word. I have committed many robberies, and assisted at many robberies, and assisted at many astrocious deeds, but there is o'ne act the recollection of which haunts me night and day. "'In 18j#6 I was etrolled amongst n band of as assins by a man named Puil ldevanche. When I show.'d any hesita tion to commit violence. my companions kicked and beat me to give ros co-.rage, a3 theV said. One evening tha! I was watching near the Canal of St Mar'tin, in company with two others, a man of about thirty six years of age passed ty One of the band, Ranpailleux, haviia judged by his dress he had money, seized him by the throat and threw hitm to tie ground. P.uildevachme then ran -forward and seized the legs of the victim, whilst, 1, by order of the others, searched his pockets. As the victim was making great exertiof:s to escape. Rampaille-ix drew his inife, saying 'AYait, and I will give you the police seal,' and he stabbed him several times. lie then took the dead body on his shoulders, whilst Ber nard held it by the legs. and they then flung it into the canal. "The murder having been committed we went to sup, when Rtainpailleux used his bloody knife to cut his bread, which made me sick, and I was unable to eat." "To this dreadful confession we shall add, that Raitmpailleux is at present un der the hands of justice. lie is only twenty-seven years of age and Bernard, who has likewise been arrested, is not older." The police have since arrested another of this hideous hand, a man named Pief dnol twenty-nine years of ago, ten or which be passed at the gallies. Rubbery of the Mail by a Post Master. - Important losses having occurred on on the mail route hetwi-en Fayette and Liberty, Mo., they were traced to Thorn H. Freeman. the Post Masier at Carrol ton, who was arrested and, although pla placed under gtard,made his escape. It is kinw that his denredations extended to six robberies and eight or ten forgeries, by which he obtained some five or six thous and dollars. Of this sum $600 fIlls upon Woods, Christy & Co., of Si, Louis $460 on 31r. Ritchie of the Richmond Enquirer, and the balance is divided he tween numerous citizens of Liberty and the Platte country. A foreigner in the upper conuty, a U. S. ollicer at (Fort Lea venworth. and Dr Mitchell the Receiver at Fayette, are said also to be sufferers. One hundred and fifth dollars reward has been offered by the .larsltal for the ap prehension of Freeman. Hasti Colu e-c/hee.-The Arknnsas Times says.-Such is the name of a Se minole Indian, who delivered an address. or rather gave his expe'rience at the Me. thodist Church, otn Sundtay evetninig last. The Church was filled to overflowing, and the audience was v'ery attentive. He is ptrobably the m~o'st remai~rka~ble man thet world has ever produscedi. liis accotmnt of his own cotnversioti, by thme appearance of the Great Spirit to him, when a boy. without ever having heard of the gospel of Jesus Christ ; his travels as a sailt', to all parts of the world, preaching and tellitng whut the Lord tuad done tor him; the cotnverts he imsde, atnd the shipwrecks he endured. totally eclipse itt tatryellns tess, the stories of .\loe-3, Pautl, or anty of the apostles anid prophets from the days ofh Adami. to the present haime, hei says the is tno sectarian ; that he belotngs to tteitter the OldI Schooml nor the Ne~w School-that thes Devil bus miny schools antI isms-that Chirist has bitt one school. and that his ftture lif'e shall be devoted to preachiug Jesuts andi the Gospel to his birethren in the forests. This is cerinitaly a good idea, ansd we think aomte .f our paleface sectarinmns might learn a goodl lesson froma it. Success to Huasti Crolu-c chsee. A Tenrible Picture.-Some of our rea ders have seecn, no doubt, a picture in a late number of the "Punch, or Londotn Chativari," one of the pictorial papers, but in the sub'ject of this etngraving there is more foosd for-teaurs than latughtetr. It is caleld "Capital anid Latbor." it the upper portiotn is capital, represented bty one of the aristocracy, sitting in his easy chair, surrounided with the momst costly luxuries, an:1 taking a glass of sparkling wine from a silver salver, held by a sleek, - at footman in livcry, whtile at the front. door of the tnmtision is seen his coach anod tour, with its livered attendants. In the ladies' drawing room, fat lap-dogs are vawning, and luxurious idaisnties are lav ished otn a monkey. Now look beneath. Men, womeni and childr-en are seen at wvork in nakedness arid hutnger in deep, dark coal mines; miser'able wretches, crippled by labor, and starving to death, mothers glatrinig upon their emaciated in fants, which they piress with their skele t n fisngers, while their task master is sea tedl on his bags of tgold. There is a thiek door shtot against the wretched, with pon derous patent locks, at which love knocks in vain, and hope weeps but canmnot en ter. It is. indeed, a t- rrible picture of E nglish \ife.-N. Y. Corn. SLatwyers .-It appears that the number of persons who devote themselves to the profession of lawvs is increasing. The cat altogie of Harvard University for the pres ent years cottains the names,,if 120 per sons in the law school. This i's said to be the largest oody evet gathered together in our country for the study of law. The competition in the professsion will soon be so great that we shall be able to get a greal deal of law for very little money, whether we et instice8 or not is NEW ORLEAS.NtiV.8. NeW3 from the Indian Natioam-We make up the following summary of news relative to affairs among the Indians in the Far We, from the Arkansas intelli gencer of the 28th ofOct. A Council of the Cherokee latinsis non in session, and it is thought that from. the effor's making. the turbulent and vio lent of that Nation, will soon be made to feel a proper respect for the laws and rights of their fellow citizens The murderers of Mr. Vore have not yet been arrested, and .ii is doubtful wheth er they are in the Nation. -Several of, their riends have gone hunting upon the waters of white river: and it is not unlikely that these men have gone in that direction also. Several prisoners have been taken to the Council recently, under various charges, for criminal offences. All ihat is required to restore peace and quiet in that unhappy country is the arrest of some dozen scoun lrele who commit murder and robbery, and foment excitement. John West.-This individual has not been hung; but upon the contrary, a respite - was granted him until dhe 2h inst.. In the meantime an efTort was made to get him a reprieve. A petition to that efect was signed by Judge,Jury, Prosecuting Attorney. and mny citizens. - There is no ,-jsuht but the chief will grant it. Gov. Buttler. the U. S. Agent for the Chokees, has been instructed by the ln dian Department. to meet the Prairie lndi in< at Cche creek ou Red River, on the 251h Nve;uber agreably to the request made of him b v those Indians. when be was tt the Waco yilie lastFebuary; tbet and there to renew old treaties. and ueg- - otitie new ones, wi those Indians. It is expected that a large number of Caman' ches Kiowas, and other wild Indians wil[ be present at that meeting. A large number of Cherokees will: ac company Gov. Butler to the Prairie Coun cil upon Red River. THE STARR IAMtL.-Washt Starr, Ainy. Starr and-Starr, cousins to the Starra supposed murderers of Mr. Vore, have been arrested in the Cherokee N.tion, up - on the charge of being implicated in the murder of Mr. Wright'sfamily on Cane lill, A main by the name of Reese who bail been elected Sheriff'.f Illinois Distret,. went to the Council to give his bond, au. was there arrested upon suspicion of being. oncerned in the Cane lill tragedy. Arch Saunders. one of the supposed. murderers of Mr. Vore is arrested. The. U. S. Dragons. after a vigilant search of some eight or ten days returned to Fort. Gibson. without apprehending the Starry at Beaties, Prairie.-Picayune. The Louisville journal has the foflew ug notice of ant important invention: Our frieni Dr. Somerby, one of most skilful and scientific of dental surgeons,. has recently invented a retnarkablf use ful apparatus especially designed for den tists, but capable of being applied to ma ny kinds of business. It is a combina tion of the bellows, furnace. and a blow pipe of the simplest and most ingenious custruecion, an, it must commend itself at once to every one capable of apprecia ting such things. We saw an exhibition of sme of its power last Saturday even ing. and found it even more than we had anticipated. To deutists, jewellers, che mists, opticians, ceologists, mineralogists, mneta lurgists, and for various experiments itn colleges, antd fr every thing requiring a steady hteat from te blowpipe, we re grd this as one of the most valuable im provemneasts we have seeni, and we advise alt iterestedl ini an apparatus of the kind to call on Dr. Somrerby and see the instru ment, It is not onuly a highly useful apparatns, but one of the neatest ever put up. \Ve untderstand that ihe apparatus will soon0 he takes ton the East fur she inspec tiin of d'entists. and we are confident they will hightly approve it and find thteir inte rests greatly promoted by the use ofit in their- professiont. We bespeak for it tho favrable conisideration of the Eastern press. Cautle Shuo.-At the exhibition of the vrous a'nimtals reared by he farmers, at Vauxhiall Gatrdens, New York, ou the 10th it., a large short horned cow was entered, weighing seventeen hundred pounds, and a roan colored cow orf the same breed, that averages twenty-five quarts of milk per day; a white hen that lays two eggs a day; pairs of turkeys, Bremen geese, and *blu~eova ducks, all six mtonths-old otto of the turkeys weighed 16 lbs., and the geese 27 lbs. a pair. Among the hor ses, a stout g'ey Canadian stusd attractedt much attention. He will walk five mtiles an hour, anid trot a mile in three minutes. A horse was exhihited that was raised in. 1802. at Horse Neck, Connecticut. Is. as been in possession of the present own er since 1826. The horse has never been -ick, ands never had a blanket on. He' can go four miles an hour. Farmmr' Gazetle. Singular Phenomnenon.-Oa Moniday night hetwecen the hout's .oh'11 and 12 o' clock, a rumbling ntoise, sounding like distant thunder, was heared by a-nmber of our citizens, preceded by several flash es of light. We supposed from the sha king~ of our houise, that it was the shnelt of an earihquake. Butt have since been. informned, by persons who saw theg ph. nomenon, that tt was a Meteor m the H eavens. The explosion took place about 10 minutes after the sudden flashes of lightk appeared. The weathes appeared to be, clear, andl moon shone beautifully. Washington (N.. C;) Repmublican.. Root Grafting.-This is dons by-a. whip grafting upoin y om:g seedling trees of the size of a qurier :Oani eighth of an mech, tag ien upI, whip grafte:J at the rtsot, then prin ed in nursery rows: or, permanently where they are to remamt. It may also. be done tupout peicesof roots to about 3-4mba of an inch in diameter and less, either by letting the roots remainxor separating, and after grafting r:eplanting them. No comn positon is required; the yarn by which the gra ft and ritot are tied together will not ol' attd nmake room for growth. Larger. roots mtay be cleft grafted, and thenthe cotnositioni is used.