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From the Soumtern Crisis. MR. VAN BUREN-IJIS VOTES AND PRINCIPLES. We continue a brief view of the political history of our distin.gnished Chief Magistrate. We have seen lhm ump to tihe concliusiona of tihe war. to have been naot only its ardent supporter romt tihe coimimiencetent to its !!lorionq tvrmm utioni, blit to have been i-ivariab:y chosena by the Se-nnte of Ne w York, as its war Spcakcr omn all occasions where it was necessary. We have seen him, the" active snpporter of Jeffe'tsou am of the Jelrerson Party, in Nen. York-and an active and decided opponent or the tCnited States Baik. Let its now notice his course after the war. lit February, 1815. the State showed itself gratettil for the servie-es already rendered to the country by Mr. Vian Buren, by siecting him Aitorney General ol State. Tht Legisture, during tihe sane ses sion, elected hint Regent of the University of New York. In 1816. a still further degree of confidence was repoised in him !.y ihis constituents, by re electine him to the Senate of the Sta'e. Ot tie 16th Anril, 1816. 31r. Van Bnrem moved a further apprpriation by the State for accurate survers ant estiates in relation to the great Erie Canal. which was adopted. On the I Ith of April of 1817, the hill to coni. mence this work caine up and received his cordial aud able support. Mr. Clinton. its projector. publicly thanked himim in the mn-'st flattering terms. Ttis great scheme of internmal State improvenments was mucli indebted to Van Buren for its coinplete success. In March, 1S1ti, DeWit Cliiiton was nomi iated by the RepiMicani Conveition for Goy. ernoir. Martin Van Buren acquieswel in it, thoumigh individatly opposed to the niomination'. During this admmitnistration, Mr. Clinttona's coirse was such as tip split the Party-M r. Vanl Buren beint at the head of time opposition. On this accouint Mr. Clint'on had him r: noved from tihe ollice of Attornaev General This viin. lent ant made Mr. Van Buren tihe more dear to that part of Republican Party who were op posed to Clinton. At the close of Clintan's termi of service. time veteran patriot and leader of'the War party, D. D. Tmpkins, was tiominated Ior Governor by the Van Bnren party Clinton, however. was elected by about 15.000 imajority ont of 94,000 voes. 'At his flormnirelectioi. the whol unner of votes against himi were only 1,500! The Legislature. however, were thoroigh ite ptblican. ani re-appointed \1 r. Van Buren At torn--y Geieral. ilie delited. however. to ac c. pt of it. Te ctet between thiee distin gnihied mii. Clinton and Van Biren, was carried onl for vears. Twice was Clintonm dii vein intmo retii einent; ati twice was Van Bnren removed froimn office. Yet have bothi of these st.itesmenm, in 'ublic amid it' private. borne testi tmany to the "tupri*ghtne'ss and honesty of his rival." Speakiig of these contests, alter Clin ton's death. and when miet. a aa memmher of the New York delegation in Congress to d, plore Clinton's4 death. Mr. Van Buren eloquently and fi-elinv oibserved: "Bit in other respecs it is iow inimnaterial what was the, character oif these collisions. They have been turinted to nothing. ani less than nothinig by tie event we deplore, and I doubt nottihat we will. with one voice aid one heart. yield to his memory time well deserv. ed tribute of our respect for his namii-, and muir warmtest gratitude for his great and signal ser vices. For imiyself. sir. se strong, so saicer'., and so engrossnin is that feelina. that I. who whil., livimig never envied him an thint. i"w that lie hams fIlleni aim greatily temopted to enivy him his !!rave with his honors." Ther' are seme will cannot appreciate the higi-t-ned genteirostity ofthe above reinarks who term time teams. lied over a ntole rival's grave. as -crocidile tears," atmd w; o mi he amine spirit, pervert all the aclions of Van Bm ren. If le votes agai:s' poputilar caimur. it is said lie was ignorant of what the popular w il 1,as. If lie votes. as popular will r'ei res, it is said. "see how lie trims his sail to the breeze'" . . We now w'il notice two events ini an Bi ren's life which have drawn upon hin thie ar tillerv of his oppo'eits. One is his support of Rufus King for the United States Senate. lin 18h9. owinig to the course pursued by Clinton. asi has been beijire observed. there w'ere three parties inl the Legs laumr' of New York. There was one larty. headed bmy Van Butrenm, compiosed entir-ly of Re p mbicans-aniothier comiposed of a pomrtiion of thse Federalists-anmd a thmiru, hecaded by Chin ton, commposed of Replmiicanis and F'edleralists. In this state of thinmgs a haliottintg for U-:ted States Senator took place- enmcer. a relative of Clinton, amid receivinig his sup iport, tiad 61 votes-Younimg, the lepuibbiean caindidate', friendly to Monroe's admiinis'tianm, land 56 votes-Kitng. thme Federal candidate, hadl 38 votes The consequtence was that there was nao election that sessionm. M r King helped to ('rame ouar Constitut ion had beeni a mister to lingtand apipomied by General Wf as/dngton, amid kept there un ader ,Jef ferson's admiinistrattioni, hamd been mone tof die most influential and zealous sup porters of time war Governor Topkins, aiim of tihe war ad minmistiationi umnder Madisona hamd deserted his party amid joinemd the ttepumblicans in suistainiig thme country against Greamt B~ritaim, and was ini timefulliconfidence ofMmunrm'e, thme Presidenmi. Inm this state of' thinmgs, aimd wvith these views. Mlr. Van Bure-n gave im has siupport, amid im Fehruary, 1820. lie was electedt uneaneously b y time Setate, with bitt tharcee vomtesagaminst him im time tower hiomue! Such were the reatsomns set forth. in a pampi~hlet. lir, smppotmatg Mr. King. before hame e~eton, bs Van. Bure', anmd sucht the powerfuleffci~t oei'that appeal In relation to his comaniectuton with thme Misto hi questiOn, w.e uresemat the toitowmia berwiac coumnt of time imatier as far as tie was cmmncernied. In time early part of 1.a0, a pubbme mteetinr was held itt Albany, tea this qumestiona. Van Buren was not there. "Thiemre omily step takemn att that tmeetine, wvas to appmuot a coinmititee to call a more remneral conivemntion of time citizems." Van Burenm's namte wams puit on that coifmutee. Hie afmerwairds gave his pmernion~ii to retam it th.' re. The Coniven'itimtm tinet at Athany. Van Bm'ren was absent mn professional bismness. ,.usolutiionts were there passed, and a comnnit tee appointed to nmemoerializ~e Congress. ani Butremn's name was placed ott this conimttee: "Hec decdiened sintgmg the memornal, or co-operat ing with the comnouttee, as hie disapproved of time sentimentis it containted," timd had never iuvet anty, thme least. authority to any~ onme to put his name on the conmmittce. lie publicly said that his namne beinag used to cali a mconventioni, did not obligate hiim to sign or approved of' whiatever thtatconventtien mnighit do. Gomvernomr Clinton. whmoun Van Burenm had been opposinig for four years. recoummemnded anm expression of time opinion of time Legislature mf New York otn this question; and int accordanice therewith, res olutionis were got up, instucting their Senia tors i Congress "to oppose the admiission, ias a State into the Union, oi'any territory not com prised wixthiin the originial boundary of the Uni ted States, without mtaking time prohibitiomn of slavery therein an indispesauble conditionm of adimission." Tme resolutions piassed "without division or debate." On thme 6th February, 18-21, the Legislatutre electdMt Ilr. Vuan Burean a member of the United States Senatte, by a joint majority of Tw.'enty five votes over Mir. Sanfo'rd, Mr. Santford re ceiving time Clintiomi amid Federal votes. Thme convetion to revise the constitution of New York, met on thi-e -asth Aumgusm, 1&2l, Mr. Van Buren, tunexpec'tedly to hinself, was re turned a delegate fromt Oswego couanty Theconstitutiont was fraamed in 1717, and ..... .an ier ofeousec, tuuch disfigured with defects-liavimg mtinuch of tue impress of mon archical institutions upon it. It was composed by the most distinguished and veneramle men in the State. Mr. Van Buren had been active, in origina. ting this conivention "avowedly for the exten sion of popular rights," and was one ofthe lead ing spirits in it. Thme principal feature with which Mr. Van Baren's name lsin been connected by his oppo ne-its. was with the riglt ofsnifrage. The fle publicais. hended by V:n Bren, introdiced a propositiii that. "harin. paid tores. teorked on thclightrauns ordone militai-ydit. and a tesi dence of six months in the State, should qituali fy a person L- be an elector. * The Federa'isti opposed the measure. and required a property qualification of $250. to vote for Setnators! This Mr. Van Burenm zeal onAsly opposed, in a speech, which we shall puh Ii lied in a short timne. The restriction promosed was rejected. To render this odions to then pen. ple! and causeits reiectioin. the Federalists pro posed nuicersal snffrage-black as well as white. The old constitution baod no diistiniction in regard t,) color. Mr. Van Buren opposed this, re nmarking-"we are chcapening this invaluable right. lie was disposed to go as far as any man in the extension of rational libertv: but he could not consent to undervalue this precions privilege so far as to confer it. with an undis crimintig hand, upoi every one. black or white, who wmuld be kind enouigh to conde scend to take it " He therefore proposed, as the convention bad recoganised the right of tie blacks to vote to restr'et them to a property qtualification of $250! We now find Mr. Van Birten in a higher md miore conspicuous sphere of action-the Senate ofthe United States. As a member of the New York Senate, he had early introluced a bill to abolish imprison ientt for debt, amid had laboired for years though nusiecessfully, to aet it passed in'to a law biy tie I.gislattire. [ip now co-operated wit I Col. Joinson. in the same noble purpose, in the United States Senate. [[e also proposed to amend the constitution so as to keep the choice of President and Vice President from the 1louse of Representatives atd cotfine it to the people-the legitimate source ofa'l porer. The House, however. was toi tenaciois of its power. and he wascom pelledt to abmdou tihe menasure. As chairman of the Judiciary committee, lie reportel a hill to abolish three new circuits-to appoiet three new judges to the Supreme court, ail tit extend the ietiefits of the Utnited Stites. and to this hill Alabama is namw iidebted for the United States Circuit within her limits. In 1827. the attention of Congress was oc. cupied with a Bankruipt bill. Mr. Van Buiren took aii active part in the disenscioti. He was in iltvor of all the provisions of the hill, bit the 9:kI section. which proposed to extend the act I o a!1 classes. In re itiotn to the public lands. iii 1826. Mr. Van it itren renarked. tit he "was in favor of resting the lands in the States in chich they stood, oil son just and equitable ternhs "o in March, I'46, .1r. Vain Buren noposed the celebrated Pat.aia mission, ptiposed by Ad. ams. and intiodtced re-olutions declaring it ii neom-titutional thus to enter into "entangling foreiain alliances." 0 1 0o the 2:d Janunary. 1824. Mr. Vai Btren opposed the ' alarming assnumptioi of power liv the General Government, itn regard to) lit. ternal Improvemmets " as d proposed certain amewhneits. t) "-ileflie and limit the exercise of tisi plower. an- to sceure the State sovereign ties fiomn encroachmuents." In -'ebmrarY, 1-25. henain ittrod ned a set of fleomlitioms.declaring that "Cinaress had io plower to imake roads and canials within the tesiective States." and propiseud a select Cml. mtittee to prepoare ain ameniment to the eon-ti. tution w hich would, he sail, *'pmotec.t thPil ov erigntty ofthe reiertive States,. atnd secure to Itemu alin-t distribtiomn mill the beiefits restilt itn ft min all apropriatims m-ade for that pur. po.'' . Mr. Jlfersoni has s1oken of this mo ioin as giving evideimcms of "other States em itg fiirivarw ats thte nmiark." in aid of the Smith. Gen. Ilarrison voted against these r, solutimis. IAn appropriation having been calh-d for, in aid of the Lonisville Canal, ite opposed it. A propositimi was also made. time sane year, for Congress ti subscribe to the Dismal Swamp Canal. Mr. Vai Burei opposed it. II fact, M r. Van Itimren Oppiosed EVERY Op propriation fur imternal improviment. save one. which was tom erect a tol-gate Ott time Ctuber Itand toad. This. hiowi vet, was to pitt somme ofthe mimniey hack ito the Treasutry. w~hich hadl bieen ejpendehd for the comnpletiont of thme road: lie alitvrards regrettndi his vote. Those opponenuits who instanice this solitary rote as showminin his biasitwardts this imijust sys temt, and who antempt tom detract frmu time mer its oif his imther votes, hvy sayinr '-mmh lihe fimndi thatt hte n as itt a minorit v," shionall remninttber. that t he Admtitiistramtiotn wvas themn ini powver,amd were a large ma~jority, atnd that Mr Vani Dn remi wa~s iin a iniotrity int his opposition to the systeml. Gent. Hlarrisont was then ini the Sen-. ate, 1otintg altrajs for the system. Mir. Vani lhuren carried his opposition to In-. tertnalii imrovemenit lby time Governtmenmt so far as to assmnie that "even for the pturpmoses of a nationtal chmarneter, no appropmriationts oughit to hie mat~de without a previoius amiendmennt of the In rebaiitin to the Tatriff, Mr. Buitier. the iinti mate andi confidenttiail friettd mof !Mr. Vanm ii tetn, anid latm Atuormiey Getierazl oif the Utnitedl Smates, has said, th'at "hais persotnal feelinigs have beeni ait all times adversi. to the high tariff policy. Ant a pbi eetinf at Albatny, Juliy 10t, 1 5/ .ir. Yani Burten imadle a poweri-h and elbrat s peech agaitist theill ohr abmina tio. :i it he beeni ed!ed-the Tariff Act, w mchi passed inuto a haw,. 1228. The Tariff in tret bec. ane alartmed at thmis, aind voted for in. structiomns, reintiiring himt to vote for time Act, wi bchm he dti. In his aeply to the Shocco Spring commaittee, itn 1822. hie says lie "flly coincturs " ini thie pmoi cy omftiet. Jacksn's amdmntismrationi, on t li subhject. lie riema~rkedi. "m a 'incere atid faithfutl applicaitiont ofthiece prncipls to onr legislation, tonwrped( hvy irivate interests or political de sigin, a restrictiitin oif the wants, of thte Govern tmnt tim a simpt~le andi econtoini adminitistration of its affairs-the onlyv amdtministrtmn wvhich is cnsistenat wvith the purity anid stability of the republhiicanm systemt, woutld, lie wvas conivinced. itenld to arrest thmat spiirit of~ discontenit, which tratens sueh extenisive intjury to tihe iastitu tions of thme coiutry." Col. Bentton, who sat next to himt itt the Senate, says. "it comes withini the perceptions of myi own' senises, to knowv thiat lie (Van flu rer.) felt Lrreat repugnance to thc prorisions of the 'Tariff of 1828."' amid voted for it only in oediree to instrctins, ma printciple wchich woe both hold sacred." We hiaveseeni that Mr. Vani Bmren, in his uwaveigoppositioni to Nattionial iternial [mm povemteit.ito his views oun time high Proteetive Tarif-in hismppositiont to the Untited States Batk-in his views of the Unmited States Jiudi ciary of the Panama mtission and the putblic lamins, has given prartical demonstration of bins belonginat ton the Jeffersonianu school of politics -mhe State liighits schmool. Int his splenidl teech itn the Senate, itn 1.%8. lie htas also given te clearest evidence of his decided opposition to thta' "spirit" which hme said "liad beta at eork to obtain by construction ac/hat teas ntot inclu ded or intended to bc included in the grant." This speechm was mande ott certaini patecrs. being claimed for Vice President, diurintg the Federal admiti-tration if Adams--andh Van htnren re markedl that "if the vie'vs avowed liv th- ipre sent executtive are thmetrues dinctrinmes of time con of 1800 founded in gross error, if not palpable fraud pon the people " In tils speecla he also characterised the United States Bank as "the great pioneer ofconstitutional .sc noAcuuTE5TS " When a candidate for the Vice Presidency, lie again reiterated his "understood oplpositioll" to that Batik. Thus it will pinitily n ipearthat no man was ever more decidedly and --unreserved ly" COMwIirrEV inl his opposition to a Uniited States ink, to National iternal improve ment. and to exectie encroachmenta. I, Feb ruary. 1!27, he was re-elected to the Udited States cnnte by it joint majority of sixty-six votes. AtI. Vau Buren was one of the most elo quent and efficient supporters ofthe bill .to re lieve the suiviving patriots of the revolution. Such is a brief and hasty outline of Van Bit ren's course and opiions on the leadiig topics which came before tile Senate. lie was found by the side of Macon, Berrien. Randolph and Tazewell, on all such questios-and allmost invai iablv, save the Taritivote. in opposition to to General lIarrison. H aidolph and Hurrison did not differ more widely thtan did Van Buren and Harrison. I, l11, he, inaccordance with Republican usage. aided in noinnating, in Congressioial cancns, Crawford for the Presidency. I 1828. he gave a hearty support to Gen. Jaekson. In thatyear, lie was chosen, by a plurality ofA(0,000 votes, Goverin:rof N. York. lie hit.-oduced to ihe notice of the Legisl:tlire. the celebrated "Safety fond system' whichi made "all the banks respon.-ihle for any loss sustained lon the failure ofany one or more of them." in 1829, Gen. Jackson appointed him Secre tnry of State. Oin his withdrawal from the Gubernatorial Chair of rState. both parties ex pressed "their highest res iect for his virtuesind taleints''-ando the It pulihcai portion tendeted him their thanks "fror the iumerons and un portant services whi- I he had r, odered to the state. particularly in sustaining those poii ical principh's which th-y believed to le mnost int mateli bleude.i with its highest and dearest iii terest; "t Were :oothet eulogy -o be recorded tin his tomb. this wond he enough to satisfy a cravaic ambition. From th.t tiie to this. the eyes of tile American pu'ic have been pon him-H; d his acts forim a portion of the brightest histol) of his country. Our Foieign relations, tinder his guidance, were coiducted in the happiest and most nic. cessftl manner. Great Britain opened to us ports, which were closed uipon Mr. Adams the Black sea was opened toonr conmerce, and clnims on various countries were umicably id satisfiaetorily adjusted. lie r, ti red from this office in April, 18.31,and wis noiinatid ninister to St. Jaiies. This the St-e.imtt- Iy ( illionn's cnstinag vote, refused it ratify. Hte came home, aind the people the fin ltin of ho-or. elected hii to thle .econd ofl'i in their gift-:hts signallk rebuking that fic tions Senate, who had alio, imi an tnconstitil tional maniner, diiiiinced Jackson himself. As Vice President, lie only had a vote whel thi Senate could not agree-heing equally divided. There isa mli moralile itimanee oni record. how. ever. ofhis firmness and devotiono to cot stiti ti, nal i igit. MNl r. C:.lhonn introim ed a reso lution,:ithorizing PoI-.Miusters ho preveit the cireilatioin. by tmeais of the United Stit s mail, through the slave States. of Abolition Pamphldcs. The Senate were tied Mr. Van Bureii, unhesitatingly, gave his vote and his voice in favor of the' Sutihi-and the resahitioi evas adoptel !-ller.ce did Abolitionists de. noiwce him as "a Northern man with Southern principles." in 18N-6. I~ will' eleced President oif the United States over the combined lorces ot ilirrisoo, WelhtIer and White! The rest of his life is so well known, that it would be uIeless to go into detail here. Ile wetnt into the Preidentiia chair a, the choen m1an ofthe great Democratic Pnirty-aln avow ed strict constructionist-an aavon ed oliponlo of the 'I'nrill of 1eltw-nn avowed opponent W' the schetnes of the Abolitio-.ists. Ill his lile, le has given pr:lctical demonstra tion oflhis being the true frieid oft th- people as a mass-by his exteinitg the riahit of' suf fiage to every whtitit man ill ill Statie. ad by his nint iriig efflorts to abolish iitmprisoninet for delt! In all these poinis lie finds i avowed opponeit in Gcneral larrison. Comliare thte lives of the iwo-see who, in I:is ca pleity as it I tw maker, has labored more and eflectetd more for the poor aitin. See whisi has been effiective in givillg them privileges nid %% ho has been effective in taking then awly. See who, wias the frit'nd aiid suapporter of Ji tiia sotn. andi who the friend anld suplporter of bothl th~e Adanises. See who tatkes the Constitutionl, as franied by~ our sires, anid who takes it as lhe car; consrue it. ithdout regard to its miakers. See who wotild restr ict its aIction to defilled limits 'nld~ lavi no taxes, save sttchas are absolnte ly niecessatry, and wotuld throw himself betwveenI utr propierty attd northlen fanatics; andh who woulid (inhrge atnd concenttrate its powers' would lay high taxes itnd make extiavatant ex p.'mdtitinres. anid above at!, who has ever coat sidered It -ati object lner his heart to see" mur selves severely tatxedi in ordher that his whimi might hte priattified by -'the emlancipationi of or slaves"'t Think of thtese things, people of the South. Ati a: yon wion!d remnani as yjou are. with yomt "reserced rights"' unmpaired and yorprolpertyl tiimolcstrd, so ait e e'. idenlCe by your vote, but hi' vioir hearty andi active sup-i port1111 the Repiohlicani adiministration, which now exists a.s a rampart between you anld Fed ral A boliiiion aggression. Mr. Uan Bueren and the trar.-We ec'nteive thsue tio tli e -ft re!. Je;rupjt a :11 ' IIapat~rdoabily linlo;-.lln, anld toe irre'dee:in i y ha-e ofouir oipomli'ts. lBut to taddi to thte evi dem e, wve sei:-t the fotilvii par-:ga, hi 1rti a speech made in a puij. meennI at Ala' y by the HIona. N. P. Talmtadge, 0n tile ftcensmo of' the rejection of M r. Van Buren ats Miinister to England. by a mnijoa ity of the Unmited States Sentate. Mr. Talbnadge is niow a Wh~ig of~ the first water- lie stiads at thtetopmost round of' the ladder; hence. we- suptpose, his athority will hardly bequeillstiotned: 'The wtar of 1812. betweeni the U. States and G~reat Britain founid hint in the Sentato of tis State. It wasL' here thlat his talents shone mlost conspicuous. Beset by foes wvithtoit. and enemies wvithlin, the counotry presented to the eye of the pats iot a mtost gloomy prosptect. Unaided, or but piartly aided, by the Gentieral Gvernmecnt, we we-re called upon to provide the mieans to repel the invader, both by sea and by land. Thec ptiotic Tompkins was seen at the head of this Sttate; ail with an eye that never slept, and a zeal thaut never tired. lhe de voted hitself to the service flfhis con ntr'y. No man renidered him more efficient aid thaln Mr. Vani Bturen. In yonder Senaute chambher, his eloquence was often heard in t'avor ofjtroviding meanis atnd ofgraating supplies to carry on the war-to feed nad clothe our half-stinrved and half clad soldicry, wvhile some of his iiolent persecutors wvere olpenlly rejtiicing at the de rat of our armas, and secretly imploring success on those of the enemtay." View of Mr. Vamn Buren by an Abolitionist. Extract front a keiter In Ite F~ditor oIf the Phi lantihroiit, by Auigtustus Wattles. "Thte mian who otne of' thie'se plarties pur poses to elevate to the Presidency. he wvotild in his owna indhividuatl characte'r, veto n bill for the aboitioni ofslavert in the District of~ (Ci lnmhlia, eveta .should a maujority of the people of thei U. States denmand it. Very demaocratie! truly. Mr. Vuan huren, no0 donhbt. suipposes that lie is a democrat; but lie is n such thintg, acc-ording~ toi his own1 shaowin!t Demoocr'at!-when hlie say's he wo'utld set up his wiill againtst the wvill oh' tioe majority ? Why, that knocks ini the head the ..ry fir nrinacinle of democracy. He is, thent o all intents and purposes. a pro-qlavery, psen lo-deiocitic, tiune-serviig, "Northern nian vith Southern principles." From the Camden Journal. THE SUB-TKEAbURY ACT. There are few ol our readers, we jigagie. who pernse the laws of the United States. as they appearin the iewspapers, III whili tney are minbl161ed "Ihy ainimorsty." Believing this to )e tie case, amnd belhevmi g too, that th. re are mnanly of till Im who are at.xions to see the pro viSInusa of the ib-Treastiry Act, we take occa sioni to call their apecial attetioi to it. I will be imnd in our coitnammus to-da3 , and we hope it will receive anm attentive perusal. hfall, or any, of the inischiefwhich has been predicted fromi its passage, can grow out of it, we confess our selves at a ass to perceive in what imauner. The l'Jtl section ofthe art, which contains the spcciecln r e, and abimit w% hich such a hue aid cry has beea raised from one and of tie country to the oilier, seeimsto us quite powerless in the way of unsciihet, and i. any reasoni oto be lound for complamit, it should be because it does not bring us too legal mrrency at an :arlier period. From this seeton it will be prceived that now, line lourth of the moimesdne the Giovermnm,is to be paid in specie, and frommid aller the 30th day ofJu mne next, one half wiil be required, oin the 301thl Junme Jo4:s three lourths; aind the 30t0 J u.e 1843, the whole numount will ha% e to be paid in gold aid silver or ty. ,No onie can have witnessed, the embarrass. melts. twe diiticmlties. and expmise which hans atteniei the traister and dishisemietit of tihe public tinds, muder the scistei of making Unnks the financial algeits of the .overminer w itmuitnt b g c'onivmied .bat somimecanmge wi., necess.iry-lat thi re was soniething radicelly imperlect iii its orgaization, which prevented Its accoumpolahmig hie end comemplaied.-Thi' plan adopted moy this .ict is lierfectly -imjle and will no doubt .liectmaily banish tae ddhfieiitiei otianslrinig ua.d ,ibmirsiing, besides being of no doubttitil constittiiliity, and ihis last rea. inre partwnlar shoutl be an especial recomi. im,.-midation to m:veiy democratic republican. t. will have the cuIect to-, of presei Ing the vii !Ition of one pmt tioi o the Constiintion, which inh-r ime old sysiem, was lregtnet ily sm .t .nnaht. The fonstitiion says "all duties, imphsts and excises, stial be uniftrirm thronghoi the United Sintes." So long as Bank notes were r, ceivable this article was palpably viola ted. Tm make the dities eqpial to every poim,t, tley must hi- paid at every poimt in a currency ofr Z1gn11 vanlue --throughout ithe Uniied States," when it is known to every one coiversant with cniinercial alffairs, that ito article of commerce has beem nmore dlctmtuating inl its value, for the .ast tour years than Bank notes What is the state oin things now in the Sith Westeri 8tnies? Bam k niotes aie worth in Mississippi, the best ofdthemi. from 10 to 50 cents in the dol. mr; in A'alamni froni 8 to 85 and in Georgia frotim 75 to 91) cents, and we might go on to enume, ale a niumber of other States. in which tie cmrremmcy is equally as nimsttled, showingI tihe ltter impossibility, uiless with provisimi sometlhing like this Act, of inkinig the "ditlies, imposts. aid excises unifirin throngiont the I Iited Stat,-s " Bt we need not giwell oi the subject; the Act will explnin itself, mnd isehost reconiim'lmmndaint. we dlomtht not, will he fonmi. in the stabhty and miiilmrmiity of the cmrremncy. w% hich it will gi.e to the cointry, arter it has goie fully iito operation. CIlEAPER Ti1AN EVER!! Nr:w AnRANoGEm.NT. An appral to fle trut Pemocracy. Os The fir-t of Amngi st next. n new series of thein PMosricmi. R F.FoniER will be cmnmen ced. It will lie forwarded to smlncribers in all uarts ofthe iiioi. weekly, at thie unimrecedin. 4tmw l !rice oflTwenty-Five Cents each. 1immil .e Presidential Elhctiuon-five comies for One Dollar-weiiy-three copics for Flve Vollar F'iRtyi copies fir Tei Dollars. The very exten sive'circila:tion which the lRefo-rimerhns'lready received. eiables the Propriemor to pnt it nt this untsaly cheap rate. It will comitmime, ns heretofo;e, to advecat- the pure principles or Jeffiersmonian Demorrney. adhering tof the old reptbliam landmarks of'ouar politicn I faith, wilm tmdevintinmr fidelity. No efforts will lie spared in mundeavorimg to distalnmuse the public mind of the nmonstromns perversions of our pilitical op. ponents, and imn preseiting to the eini. nohias. d indement of an intellierit people. those sn. vim:r trnihs whlich alone cn comitinue is in onr upar' amid onwavird career tof nuatinal rlory. The Rleformner will stendily and zeailoutsly aaonte the re-electinm of Martinm Van Bmretn to thme Presidenicy, and as zeinlmnsly oppose thme pretensionms of t lhe inmbecile. sniperantnoined mld tan wh,,i. hats bieen putl in nomiimntin for tht ~ih ofilce by the federal a 'ition wvhig party. The unipairileled lo'w price ? wbuieb it is pro osd to lbe psiblishe id. will er-nbhe mill those whoseimeans nre limited to becomea patrons of me p~ape'r. Otr democratic friendias ate earnest ly rem~postedn to use their exirtiosimi pruingi~t unbscribers, whmichi mhmey will plense hm:nd to their Pocst i'Masiter. waith thme retiest thait lie shmauld foward thtem to Washlitontm City, or Ports mothil, Va. to rTeophiluis Fisk, ctditmir and pro prietuir. Jitly I8 Mar. Van Bnrcn wvas not opposed to the laist war nmor to thme Rtevohmiionary War, atom belonig ed tmm the !!nmtford Convemntion, tnor wrote D~er niot Mc~ilorrmnmah Mr. Saltomstall, onme ofte Cogressionl Whmig Commuitten buelomngedu to tme Ihtrfarcl Convetioni. nind Mar. .lohn Q. Adnmis wrole Dernmt.i Mr.min moneh. Then wmr uipiun t..!.m ral .J.aon. I' is aibogecther old M r. Atdams' work. We~ never heard of Gent. Tackon w'riti' aii nety :-- all. Mr \damas m--' -'rmi. *Du~ta Snitly." Mlr. Webster op pmose t time la't wvar. amid Gen. [harrison got tired tand resigned in thme midst of it.-Chaurleston Mercury. Mk. W. C. Preston.-Tlhis genitleman on1 Thumarsday night, on his retrimr from W ashinigon, amddressedl the TLippecnnoe Clash, and ;as many others as could get withini time Catbin, or withinm heairing, 0n the otside. It was a great audaience, and richly were they repaid foir sheir- exposure to the inclemency of thme weather. We wouild not, for the world, attempt a sketch of his remnarks. We shoud he ex ecratedl for a hitudred years to come, by the citizens of Richamiond, if we were to break the mdeicinus charm with whtich that shrilling eloqnence has impressed every mnd. Eotighi, thmat all were enraptaured for lawo hours, byv bunrst., of eloqumence mad Iashes ohf wi, which, by unmiversaml conseCnt, have never been sturpisased in the imetropolis of Virginin. Shouts, cheers and chinmpp~ings were the only interrupltioins to the rapid ahd azzlinig fashes of ligehinitg which p mlaedl from the iummorsal mmind. This gift ed Orator. wliaose pr'mneplea are as pture as his getnius is resp)ledet, is mnow haiimally snteered at lby the jockallsof the doinnuat factonit in Sthl Caroulina. as 'Ar Preston of Virginia" Fnodly would the Old Doamminionm take to her bmosom again e sont, whose virtues and nhilisies add lust re to her fa me. Mr. Preston left time city yesterdlay, for h ome.-Richmrond Wlhig 25th inst. The Tempermance Advneate of she 30th tlt. sa y.-Thme Hon. WVmm. C. Preston amid famiiy'ar'rived] ina Columbmia on fast Tues laoer. sg From the Charksaion Courier, Jutig 20. DESTRUCTION OF THE ST EAMER NOITiI-CAROLINA-LOSs OF TiW U. STATES MAIL. The Steamer Vanderbilt, Capt. Smith, arrived here yesterday from Wilmington, with two of the four mails die from New i York, a considerable portion of the othe-r 1wo. (due on lFridav and Saturday bast) having been lost at sea, caused by the Governor Dudley, which left here on Saturday afternlotln, comintg in collsion with the North Carolina, bound here, a. bout one o'clock on Sunday mornine, the resuilt of which was the sinking of lhe lat. ter in about ten minutes after the occur rence, there being barely time to save the lives of the pagsengers. We have been kindly favored with the iollowing particelars. furnished by one if the passengers of the North Carolina. The steamboat North Carolina. com manded ty Capt. Dav'is, left Wilmington (N. C.) on Saturday afternoon, at six o' clock. with two United States Mails. for the South, and the following passengets. viz:-Hon. Mr. Hubbard, Ala. lady and child, Hon. Dixon H. Lewis. ofdo.. hilne. Mr Chinn. of Louisiana. the H on. Mesrs. Dnwson, Warren, an.[ Nesbiti, of Georgiao lon. Mr. Dellet. of A btbama. Me-ss. J. liancoek, D. J. Dowline and .. llarrisont, of do..Jno. R. Huorne of Florida,J. En% ari. Columbia S. C.. and Mr. V. W. Siurke, Of H :amibrg, S. C. The pass'age was very pleasant until we reac-hed % initi about 25 or 30 miles oih Georgetown, S. C. ustt 10 'cloock con Sunday morning. when Mr. Hancock. im formettd us that the saten, lt Gov. Dud Iev, w as in sight. frmeeu 310 5 miles di tsuet. Both hots apenitred to our informaut, (who was ot dlck) to be steering toward., each tther. Whene lite Gov. Dudley ;ep. proeied within about 150 yars. a cry was raised by a pissenger to -iook out! - Flee hoats will strike." The hells olt the North Carolina were alostis instanatly runa-, in about hif a tinie before the boats <rruck. but the Doudley rin afotul of the North-Carolina abreast of the saloon. awl against the quarter boards on the larboard side of the fornier. She liged imnei'di titely, (say in alhoe 10 ninuite) and the pat-sengers aot oi hoaird the yawl bouts. li the interim. the Governer D-adley. was undergoing an examina tion, after %% bichs. all her boats were sent to the No' th Curo lina. The passengers anid crew were soon plaed onl board the Gov. Dudley, send every effort was used to -ave their prop erty. Some of the trunks .nd baggate were suvedl, but all of themn in a d.imagen condition. Sin2ulr it relate. ut of some thirty or forty persosss, not a life wa, lo-t One ol the peassengers, (1r. Downing, o! Albhamna) leaped overboard in his night r:loih,-. but was was in-tantly piiked up by one of the boats, in cearge of Captini Davis, who displayed considerable p:ses enee of mind during this awful disast, r The accident is attributed, bey Capt Davis, toi the neglicence of the mates,n% b. were in charue oif botlh boats, and who di.! nor obey the regulatimns of the Cotpan% fir their -movero nient. The regeular moode idd down fih- ihe hoa tsis to keep to ie right; li ott this occasion, he steam bot Gov. Dudley kept co the lefi, which of course. caused the concussion Capt. Smli ith, of tIle DIdley, on coming aboard lthe North Carolina, inquired if all ite lives were saved., and hein- answered in the affirna tive, expressed his dttermination to contin ne, but after refle-ction, concluded to lay by ,he ireck until morning, which was done in order to save the property of the pas s,-ngers. Ar half past six o'clock, the wreck was left by lte Dudley, and the crew and passencers were landed in Wil mintton at three o'clock, P. M. The atmouttnet eel ptrolperty host by the pas sengers is conasideral-le, ancd mnay lbe esti mcated at from i5.000O to $20,000. Buet a few saved their clothes, aned those whos" trunks were pickedl up, fountd their clothes 5:, comnpletely saturnt-d, that they wer" so comnpletely satturated, thaut they wiere of neo service. The writer of this article, with several others, haed no cheothiing~ on landing in elhe Gtov. Dudcey. btet they were step plied with mecwh liberality. Iby ir. Delban-. cc, oef .Mobile, and other passengers. We are infobrmed that sevene leather. atnd two caenvatss hlugs, containeing the mnaihs, were saved. Mr. China, of La., and air. Dawson of Ga. were both mchl injured, thee former by cth e cossion, aend the Ia'ti, by leap ineg from otne hosat to the othler. The shocck was s'o sudden, that beefore half of the passsengers dcldl get eett eof their herihs, the' enhb-te were full oft w:,ter, ac" most of those on board were compelled to ceap Irotm the hutrricanc deck. On retturnins ine the Vand:erbilt, yester~ day, neothina nas seen oh te w:eck of the North Caerolitna, except a few pieces of titmber. Caept. Smnith, of the Vancderbilt, sailed tarouned the vicinity of the wireckc severed times at the regntest of thte passcn ger-:. but nlothing cotuld be fotund. Up to this timee, several of the passen gers do withtout the ordiuary cotmforts of( clothinig. &C., andi will probeably bc de taineed ine town for a short time. Great presenlco oef mimed was displayed by all concernied durincg the accident. 'The night was as pleasant as could he desired. TFhe sea was perfectly cadlm,andl every thing piromnisedl a speedy ande suc cessful termitnation of the voyage, when the vessels were carelessly ruin imto each othe1r. Our correspondent of the Wilmington Advertiser, from whoem we leave recently received several faevors, lhas obligincghy fur warded us the followine: WVILMCNGTON A DvErsTISlc OFrecE, July 27, 1840. Albeut one o'clock Isast neighet, the steamr boets Gov. Dudley and North C arolinca camte in colli~ion.hbetween 23 and 311 miles en tihe northeward and eatstwardl of George. nown S. C. The Duiley's bow runcning itnto the Nor It Careelina's hcrboeard quaerter, 15 or 20 feet from er N. Cacrolinas's sterne. The Captains oef leoth boats lead just turne ed in. Thle N. Carelinas went edown oh. tmost imedeeiately, and thee crew and pus sengers were saved with some diflirubly. Not a sinigla life was hose, butt e leoss oef valuable baeggage was very great. Sever al genectlen cetuerning from Conegress. hav' inig large amounts of meoney with thbem, irn heir trunteke, of whiich bee few were saved. Thic Gon. idlcy escm-,inc,1 onn the snn, ill daylighit, with the holtpe of savinig as nuch as possible, nnd then came on to Niiitgloln, brioning the passengers and rew olthe North Carolina, many of whom lid not save a particle of their clothing. pihe accident occurred in 11 fathoms wa. er. 'rhe how of tho Dudley was a good leal sh.attred, bit she inade no water ex :ept while under way. The night was orturnately remarkably calm. We forbear it present, expressing any opinion in re rgard to the causes of the accident, not saving ime to make sufficient investiga ton, and the accounts given being so va. 'ious. The Gov. Dudley reached Wil. mtington about half past 3 o'clock, in the afternoon of Sunday, and the Vanderbilt lie samte eveoing, went down to Smith ville, where she remains all night, to ena Ile her to visit the place of accident in the lay titne, to see if any further good can be effected. Cait. Davis also goes to the spo1, in a pilot boat, to do what he can in savitg the remains or the wreck. There were no ladies on board, except the wile of the Hon. Mr. Hubbard, whose loss j0 money was larger than that of any other imlividual. Sone few of the passengers received slight personal injuries, but terri ble as the occurrence has been, we have cause to b'P thankful that no life was lost. We will enideavor to furnish soon, a more accut ate account of the matter. Loss of the Steamer North- Carolina. The Wilmingion Recorder, or the 28th inst says. "A pariial examination of the c:m8-01 . hieh produced the disastrous oc currence, was gone into by the Directors of'the Company on Mouday. The follow facts were'eliciied: That the Capinn of both boats were I-leeli, it heiig on their watch helow, and each hoat inl char::e or the chief mate. That the tnates were at their propersta -ions in the % heel house. the wheel in im. mediate charge of the wheelamen. hiat the boats' signal lanterns were visible to each other, at a distance of sev eral iiles. Thar t he Dudley kept her prnr-er course, inttending! to pass the North- Carolina land warl. h'lht the North Carolina after she dis. covere d the Dudley. instead of pureuing her own straight course, i hich would have carried the bouts pat Parch other,wi-h -a in Ie'rventing distance of at lea.t two hundred %ards, kept aheting her vour-e a point or two every now said then. until it lay di rectly ac-oss that of the Dudley's and ine vitably in contnct with the rate of speed iltey were both going. As soon as the dianger was apparent to hoth, they shut off their steani. whereas had the North-Caro lina not done so, she would have shot past uttinjutred. The whole conclusion is. that the acci dont is to be attributed to the ignorance or strantge fatnity of the male of the North r'urolina. in changina her course. The stiate's name is McQUADE's. An inquiry having been nddressed thro" 'he Smalth Carolinian to the Candidqtes fur Congress in the Newberry District, in re-,ard to their opinions on' a National Bank, the independen Treasury. and the Presidurltial election. P. C Caldwell, Esq. has published an answer in the same pa per, in which he pledges his support to the In-flependent Treasury, and declaresoppo sitim: to ;I Natiotal Hank, as uncoustlitn tiontal inexpedient and dangerous. lie will -ipport Mr. Van Buren in preference to Gen. Harrison, heeause the former has never hesitated fully and clearly to declare his principles; that those principles aresnehi as we can and ought to defend, and that he is a tian whose talenti fit him to direct the government:-while the opposing can didate has liltIt to recommend him in re spect of abuilit v, has sttudiottsly endeavored to keep his tprinceiples out (if sightt atnd is the noiinee of' a mtotIey party almuost eve rv sectiont of which hiolds doctrines odious and dat etrous to the. South. WVe have readl ar. Caldwell's letter with satisfac tiotn, and if he has opposition in the Dis trier, we hopte it will nlot he atn opposition to t he sotund atnd n holesome pirinceiples ho aviows..-Charlston Mercury. Green rille.-T he catndidates fur the he aislaturte from Greenville are nuitteros. They aire Mnj. 8. F. Perry, Leory H. Green. S. Ma. Earle. Dr. ,John C. Sulli van, i' sij. Henry Smtithi, Col. Robert Cox, Capt. Thos. WV. Gatntt. Coli. F. E. Ware, Jamte< Duinhar, Edmttnd Waddill,a Jos, McCullough. for the House of Represen taives-tCol. JIothloulges and Cot. Hen try G. Juihusont, fur the Seuter.-Charles ton Courier. J. S. RscuA auso:<, Jt'. Esq., who had heent nominated, in the Camden ,JournalI, for Cong ress, in the (list rict now represent-. ted by the hiotn. Thtos. D. Sumter, has ad dressed a letter to the editor of that puper, declining to beconue a candidate. Thos. P. Evans, Esq. is atnnounced for Coogress ini the same paper-and the H~on. Mr. Stumter is up for re-election.-Chareston Courier. Shaocking~ crime by a Negro.-A negro fellow, namtied Monday, the property of M. Dotson, of this conty. was, tried yes. terday before the Iuferuior Court, for comn mittiiug tho highest offenice, short of mur der, on :he persotn of his ow'n mistress. lHe perpetratted the act under circumstan ccs of pecnliar atrocity, which are, of course. unfit for the public eye. The jury retired for only ten msintutes, and found the wvretchguilty. Hie was sentenced this day, at 12 o'clcek, to be hung. on the 21st Au gtust. The sentence, as pa'sedl by Col. M. Myers, J. I. C. was onue of the most feelinig we ever' listened uo.-Savannah Daily Telegraph. We learn from nndonbted authority that the near os htoy Blosini belonginig to T1hiomas Iloggs' wh Io was conidetnedt to hbe execu tedin the 14th of Autgntst, lias his pnish nuent commituird. TJhte sentetnce of tho Governor is, that lie shasll he taken f'ronm the Jail on the last Fridaiy of every month (for four miontthts,) antd ree.ivc tiwenty-.five latshes u pon his naked hack (necli Iltid on) aund then be batnishecd fromt his Stare'-amntd in case of fatilutre to remove him s whe~n his term ohf puntishmnn shall Iexpi re'-h nmay lie f'orthIiwith taukeni by thle propjer antthiori sies atnd executed acconrdins tut the senttnce ,or thn Cuuurt.-1'or/:r'aille' Comp~iler.