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Rel 01&8. Rev. W. B. Johnson, D.D., Dear Brother, The Brethren of te Conference, -who were present at the meeting, approve of the followin- exsay as expressive of their decided opioin, on the bohject discussed thereint antd reptest Von to have it plublishedI in the Ajcaiscr, and Biblical Recorder. Your-; with eecrn, 1.' .'S d. CIIILES Mr. Editor; In compliance with the above re quest, I transmit to Vou the essay above ientioned, and ask tor it a place in your columns. W. 1.. JOlNSON. Edgcfield C. I., Sept. 3, IS". TO TilE EDGEFIELD BAPTIST 31INlSTERlALt CONFERENCE. BELoa)VED BRETHREN: In accordance with your request, I pre sent to you this csay, on the following query . "Can a Member of a Clurd of Christ, ConRistently, teidk his Profession, oten a Tickat in a Lllery ?" A lottery is a scheme formed by a body of rational heings, in which the many . must lose, and the few must gain, consi derable suis of money. The gain and the loss depend upon the turning of the wheels, according to the principles of chaued. In the prcess of the operation, there is no room for the honest exercise of the intellectual or moral powers. The gain of the few is at the loss of the many, without the return of the smallest equival ent. This constitutes gamlbling; and as all gambling is vrong, so is a lottery wrong. Il the discssion of this subject, I shall first treat of gnaihling in general, and iben apply the principles laid down, to the lotterv scheme. The indicatiors of the Divine Will, and our duty, are given to us in the consil mioi of things, and in the. written word of God. The appetite of hunger points outt fhe ditty of taking food - that of thirst, the dtty of taking drink. So the posses-ion of intel lectual faculties, whose proper food is knowled!e, indicates the duty of usin2 them in acquiring infor iution. The principles and objects of nature are tle subjects in the investigation, in the riztht application of which, these powers are to be employed. The tesult ofsuch investiga tion and application tenuds to the develoip mnvat of human ener:y in the mosi ad vantageous manner, and by necessary coneonence to the benefit of natikind. WVe possess moral powers that render us capahle of being alied to God] ; the existence of whi.h indicares the duly of their iuaprovement iu those pursuits. whicb will raise their posessor to tunior with God, awd ptrepar~e him for pure anid holy service lhere andl hereafter. .' To fear God and keep his commandments: This is the whole duty of tman." In accordance withI this train of remark, is t h: t ru th whieba is tan cht ihroo~thotit thc Bible on this sttbjct. The parables of thme -pounids andI thme talcents, ini conne.ionm with. *- the above passage from Solomon, shall :sufice, as illustrative of tils point, for mi present purpose. In the parable of the pofinds, a manti represented as about to travel into a far conmry. Before he departs, he comimit to each of lisi servants omne pottnd, samying. " Occuipy, till I conic." Int the para~Jc of tho talents, the owner is representedl as goinug to receive a kingdom, anid to returit. Before lie sets ot, lie gives to each of his servanmte, a dilferent amount of talents. On the ret urn ,f each miaster, lie servatnts are respectively catlled to give ini their account. - Thme industrious are rewa rdeud. The s'othiful are~ punmshed. By these parables we arc evidently taught, that God has ~ivenl to all men ability and means to serve IIlim ; rhat it is their dut~y to improve what He has thuis given theta; that they, who do so improve His gifts, shall be re' warded-and that they, who do not, shall * be p~unishmed. Now, accordina to the +-ariety of talents givenm to men. they engage in different puir suits. Somne employ their tat!ents in the professions of law, medicine, and science. Others enigage in the businmess of imerchian dize, agrieulture, and the inmucha arts. in the re;:nlar adjustmtent ofi these v'ariouis * ~ pursniis, the princilesC of science are car ried out most profitably and hiapptily.Comn modities oh different regionis are ex 'ehanged. Men of remote countries, and of ddlerentcelimnes become neighbors. The . improvemetnt of the tn.ore favomd is comt nitnicated to the less polished ; anid its, by graduail accessio~ns to the great interests of otir race, its parts are being brought out of their degradatin and ignorance, and mankind is advanced to a lig a rank ini the scale of creaionm. By :heo i a prove mneuts elfected in the right emnpioymeint of our various talents, the wayv is (opented ior the progress of the Gospel ; and betnee. as scmice and good goverinmentt :;ain grounid, religion extendsi her borders The 'a- -ion ary follows the tnavigator an'! the Ter chantt. The man of science is not -lo e i(o :be unmhtercd in the train. And thts in obe-, dience to the constitution of things, and the. written word of God, the earth is sub dued-the clements of nature aro rendered subservient to the operations ofmind-and the genial influence of commerce, science, and religion are shed lown upon the na tions of the earth. Let us now ingnire, if gambling has the remotest tendency to carry iito efTeet the will of God. titus plainly indicated in the constutiion of things. and tle written worI. The business of the gamller is to emtploy himself at the card table, the faro bank, or in some other schemne for the pur pose of ivinning money. H is intellectual energies are taxed to the uttermost in so playing his part of the game, as to win from his antagonist all the money that he can. His intellectual effort tends to no god I.1 does not enlarge his mind. It fits him for noother employment.than that of injiuring his fellow-men. The moral energies of the gambler are made worse. The second precept of :he Divine Law commands us, to love our neighbour as ourselves. Love worketh no ill to his neighbor. Does the gambler obey this law ? What love has lie to his neighbor, who will win front Lim his last cent, and reduce him and his family. if lie have one, to a state of degraded poverty ? It is such love as . vultures show to doves-tigers to lambs." The gambler does nothing in the line of his business tg cultivate the earth, enlarge the boundaries of science, im prove the arts, or advance the interests of religion. The tendency of his pursuits is to destroy all improvement, and render the earth a waste-howling wilderness-to ha nish all religion from lie minds of men, ond the knawledge of God from the world. Let us contemplate for a moment the scene which the gambling table presents. Behold the company assembled. Do they begin their work wii It prayer ? They darTe not invoke the blessing of God upon their unholv doings. A deat h-like silence per vales the assembly whilst the game pro ceeds, uttil sone suien furn of luck draws forth an exclamation of horror or of joy, from the loser or the wintner, accom panied with an awful oath. When the game is ended, the successful party with drawvs to count over in tritimph his ill gotten gains. The utisuccessful party re tires with confusion and remorse, to exe crate his follv. Alultiply such assemblies in the earth, an:l % hat will lie lie result 1 Mankind will be divb!ed into two classes-tlhe win ners and the losers. But from the nature of the case, the losers will form the lar:er body, and the winners tle smaller. These haieng engulphed all the porI.perty, tile l"sers will becoine the abject vassals-the degraded, servile victims of their covetous destrovers. Now, suppose the Great Master JsL< CHntsr to come and reckon with these his -rvants. WhIat account %ill they have to render? What improvement will they have made of the talents com mitted to their charge ? Neither wvill have the insulting pl'a to offer :-" I knew thee. bhat thou art an hardl man, reaping where thon hast not sown, and gathering wvhere thou hiast not strewed; and I was afraid, an oc i ent and hid thy talettt in lie earth. Lo ! there thon hiast th it is thine" Slothfulness ennot lie alleged against tem. For they have bteen- indlustriously engaged in. employing their talents-not for good, but for evil. They cet not offer tfese talents entire, though not improved, that they mnight receive a better direchi- n, but abused-pal lutedl-ruinied. What miust I-e their dloom! If' the slothful ser umot has that, wvhicha he bath, taken from him~i, and himself cast out into ttter dark tces, where there is wvailing andl gnashing ot teeth-whtither, 0! whither, shall the gambler he driveni ? If the news juist presented of ennmbling he cor' ct, can it lie consiste t with the professionu of am Christiatn, that lie should give cou-:tenan ' in atny form-even in the shape a lottery, the most plausible ormn which it can assume ? Surely not. But let us take another ,i. w of g b hong. It is sometimes urged in fatvor of gambling, that it is a transaction, like a y other among men. proceedinug upon fair and honorable principles. The parties agree to be govertned by set tled rules, and established laws. The loser has nothing to comp~lain of, as lhe knew before hanid the ternts upon which lhe agreed to gamble. All this wears a plausible aspect ; but let us examiine it more minutely. in the arrangemnents for gambling, each prty "stakes up," as, it is called, thte sutm for which it is agr ---d to play. But let us ask, for what puarpose is this donie ? Is it thle intetntion or wish of either party, that what tio st mes u .should go over from the wi:ner to the loser, as an equt vlent for the loss he sustains ? On the contrary, is it not the intention of each, in staking up what is agtreed upon, to tletain what is so statked, atnd to, add I. it what is set up agaitnst it ; so as to become master of the whole, without the sig.'st r '-n nera tionoreluivalentto his antagnntigI In this lies the true spirit of gambling. Here is found u nder the specious form-of agreement, fairness, and hotnorable dealiug, the enor mnuns g :ilt of eu obling. Is this not the vrv essence of covetousnes,, wvhic con sists in desirinig whtat is atnother's, without and in retaining more tian ought to be re tained ? With all the plausible showing of fairness in Cambling, does not its true nature lie in this, that the gambler covets and seeks to get the property of his neigh bor without a fair considera ion-a just equivalent ? Now this prominent feature in gambling takes it out of the course of the ordinary transactions of men, which are setuled by mutual agreement. For in such transactions angim, just aud honest men, one man ofl'eis a sum of money for a connodity or possession which his neigh bor has, which suni is considered as an equivalent for the article to be purchased. Both parties are benefitted, or suppose themselves benefitted by the exchange. But nothinfg of this kind takes plice in gambliung. No exchange is conteiplated. No eqivalent is ihought of. Two men stake up, each a thousand dollars, making the sum of two thousand dollars. A card is turned, or the dice are throw n, and it is decided, that the two thousand shall be the property of one of the parties. What has the loser in exchauge for his proportion of the sum staked ? What has the winner done to gain this amount ? Is there fair ness ?-is there honesty ?-is there bene volence in such a transaction ? Is there not covetousness itn the whole concern covet,,utsness which is idolairy, and which excludes fron the kingdom of Gud ? It has beenu bupposed that there may be honest and honorable gamblers. One, supposed to be so by the community in which he lived, said to a genlenan of that comtunity :-- Sir, there can be no such character as an honest or honorable gum. bler. 11 is a mistake to supposc that such a characer can crist." I trust that it is anow detnrustrably evi deut, that the very naurc and tenleticy of' gambling is wrong, and des'rueive. That it violates tle constitution of thitgs under which we are placed, and the written laws of' God. No form, therefore, which gamna bling can assonte, is right, or should ie conuteinncl. Bit the lottery sclicte has obtained fiuvor in the eyes of good oetn, professors of reli-iun, and even Clergyuuen. Grave 6enators, and wise Legislators have lenit their sanction to the lottery system, by legislative enactments ; and ihe erection and endowient of literary institttiotns, anl places of worship, in ho nor of the I loly One of Isruel, have been promoted by the profits arisin; f'roun such schemes. Lei ns examine minutcly the principles of these schenes. In (te organizalion of ;a lottery a givein amoint is to be raised. For this purpose a number of' tickets are sold at a stat ed price. The avails of these tickets constitue the tfunds. Usually there ,are about two laks to a prize. Two thirds of those who purchase the tickets -are losers, whilst otc-third only gain. At the titne appointed, tho nanagers have two wheels constructed. To each hf' these a box is attached, which is turied by the wheel. Into one aox is put the tickets ar their numbers. and into ahe ,.tlher the lalnks and the prizes or their numbers. The wheels -are turned. A number is drawn from the box, containing the tickets or thaeir numbers, and then from the box cortainiug the Wdanks and prizes, another ticket or number is drawn. if oppoSite to the ntmberof'the ticket there is drawn a blank, the owner of' tle ticket is a loser. If a prize, the owner of' the ticket is a gainer. This is the process. Now it is eidetnt that thtere catn he nto beneficial exercise of'thce inatellectual or mocral powers ott the pcart ol'the mtaniagers,thte turners of' tte wheel, or. the purchaser's of' the tickets. The whtol' depienads tpon whfat we call dicance. The patrties are altocethter wvin nrs; or altogether losers. Thtere is no beteficic'l exchange of' services or com mo diies. The purcasers of tickets, as thosei who ganmble with cards or (lice, or any oher way, stake ttp the price of the ticket, not that thecir amouantgo stcaked shall go as nuit equtivalent for sotne valuabhlc commna dity, but as the mneans of getting a larga' sat'n, and what they stake up, too. Thtus obtinintg, if' they succeed. the property oaf others wit hoot e-quivcalent, atnd keeping what they seemed willing to give for it. Suppose thecre be nine thousand~ pesn who purchase as uany tickets at St0 ca ticket; this will ke the sum raised 890.000. There is one prize of' 895,000, ano er of'$l10.000O, anothecr of' $5'.ti00, aud~ smaller prizes to thce amiount of S820,I000 more-thtis will- muake $60,000 to lie drawn fby the putrchasers taf tickets, and $30,000 will renmain f'or the lottery mnak er.Now these 830o,000 arc a clear bass to the lottery ticket purchasers ;and as the proportiont 'of' tblanks to a pariz~e is about two bluks to a prize, it is evident that ouit of' the tine thjouscand persons, wvho purchase the tickets, six thaousanad are lorsers. Not only do these lose the time spetnt in thce purchase of' the ticket, latt they lose the time spent in their thoughats and imnagina tions on their supposed gcain~s. Nowv, let us sum utp the vain imagint idgs, the foolish calenilations, that are in dulged by thtese nine thousand piersons mt reference to their chtances for winntina thte highest prizes, all of which rmust he ati utter loss to eight thotisamil nine htundred and ninety-four of the nine thonsantd, since there are hut four high prizes. But still it may lie ur'ged, the literary institu tion is beniefitted, te meeting house is built-good is done. Bttt what sailhI the Scriptuare 1 Let tts do evil, that good may come. Nay, verily, God may in [His in fanite wisdon.1 brinig good out of' evil, bt His creatures shotdd never do evil, that nod might coma' The owner of' the ticket may say, " I didl not make the jafttery--I amt not at manager. .1 only boy thec ticket, and quietly wait thte issue." All .dhis .may lie trie, bait if there were no prrhasers of' tickets, there wvould hue no lotteries mtade. To purcha~sers, there-foure, sustaina the lot tery. Tlaey are accessories to the fac't of' the lottery, andl egnally guilty with the piricipnis who mtiake it. If'ahe essetnce ofgamlingis, that covet otusess, whaich is idolatry-if it excludles from the favor of' Goal-if a laittery is a species, one' form of g nmblitng. then, in deed, a member of a Chiurcha of Christ cat tiot, cuonsistenaly with h s profession, own .. ticket in a Inotry EDGEFIELD C. 11 TiClaSDA', SEPTEMBER 5, 1839. Military Encampmzent.-The eucamp ment of olflicers at Shibley's, Edgefield District, closed on the 31st uit. We are informed, that there was a full muster of the several regiments, and that there was e fine display at the review. The compa nies generally, were complimented by the Governor, but that which was commanded by Colonel Wi-fall, inas particularly dis inguished by his Excellency, and Gene ral lcDtuffic. A negro hoy was shot by a sentinel during the night, but it is said that the wound is not dangerous. The editors of the Augusta Daily News, alluding to our recent " splendid present," say-- The editor of the Edge field Advertiser is a lucky chap. The gals have been sending him lots of goodies, sutch as figs,grapes, plums, and peaches." The editors then give us some good ad vice in a delicate matter. They seem to think that we are in high favor with inoe young ladies. Would to heaven, that we were! If the lovely sex elt as warm a re gard towards us, as we do towards THlEM, our lot would be happy. indeed ! But our feelings will not permit us, to say any more on thissubject. Colonel Caughtitan, of Lexington, is announced as a candidate. to fill the Con gressional vacancy in Colonel Elmore's District. Vexalions.-Editors often complain if a letter of business, with the postage not paid, is sent to them. They are indig i-ant, ira communication for which they are taxed, is addressed to them. But what words can express their vexation, if they receive, though the mail, a letter of advice, not paid fur by the giver ? We find the following reasonable request on this subject, in the JOurnal of Belles Lot tres :-- We are obliged to any of our sub scribers for any hints or advice given in good feeling, but we must request them to send their advice free of postage." Death of Bishop Boicen.-The Charles ton Mercury, of the 27th oh., announces the death of the venerable Bishop Bowen, of the Protestant Episcopal Church, lie died, in Chat leston, on the 25th tlt., of the disease under which he labored for many years. Ile was for more than twentv years,Rcctor of St. Michael's Church, and lishop ofthe Diocess. The editor of the South Carolinian re cently set out for the North, in'order to procure a power-press, as the , xtension of his business requires it. A very pleasant excursion this, truly ! Did our business warraunt it, we would go to the North our selves, for the same purpose; but we mutst still toil on wit ,our old-fashioned pare.3s, and hope for better titmes. Mr. Espy.-Though this philosopher is not a witty man hitmself, we fcelieve, I,. i "the cautse of wit in others." It is saidl, that he lately visite :place, and made it rain every dlay, wvhile fte stayed. ie lite rally travels "In thaundor, temipest, and in rain." Commander WVilliam G. McKenny, of the U. States Navy, died on the 2411h nIt., at the Navy Yard. Brooklyn. N. Y. A writer in te Tallahassee Star, of the 21st nlt., mentions the death of Colonel A. Pe~rlianmy, a t~entlenman of distinction, and a citizen of J 'lfersonm coutn y, Florida. Indiana.-In this state, George H. Proffit, WVhie, has be~en elected to C'on gtess. The Vtan Burenites have gained three --mbers. Thte St. Augustine (Florida) ilerald, f the 15th uIt., contnins aa ret n of the recent vote of the citiz -s of Flori a, on the adoption of thte Constitution. The Constitution proposed to the late Coo en tion, it seems, was ;adospted by a m- jortty of. 95%otes. Th v e in fatvor :f it being 2,070; against it, 1,975. The Pendleton iAlessenger, of the 30th nit., an ounc s the arrival am ColonelB.E. Bee, from Texas, at that place. Death of Coammodore Patterson.-T he National Intel ligencer, of the 26th ult., says-" We regret to announce that our esteemedf fellow' cittzen, Comtmodore Daniel T. Patterson, the United States Navy, anid the Conmmaada..t tat the Navy Yard and Station ins this City, expired on thte morning of Sunday, 25th itnst., at a quarter pasmeigit lock, at his esid n. e in said yard, after ausev. illness of a o thairty htours." Kingston, Jalmaica.-A very s 1'ere shock of an earthuqu was felt at Kings ton, on the morning of the 29th of July. It occasioned great alarm., but it wv.- not known :hat any da a~ adf b n caused by it. *Uartinique.-- On the 2dof A utst, two severo shocks of an earthquake, each last ing forty sec. uds, were esperiencedl at Martinique. Mlany houses wero thrown rlnwn. at Port Royal. The Charlestor Courier, of the 26t1 ult., contains an inleresting account of the celebration of luck's -defeat, at Brattons ville, York District, S. C., July the 12th 1780; a brilliant afflair, in which seventy five Carolina Whigs, (principally cot posed of citizens of York and Chester. le on by Colonel Iration of thfe former, and Captain 3l'Clure, of the latte.r,) aildeved ;i signal victory over six hundred British re gulars and Tories. The celebration wa held, where the bati e occurred, on the plantation of Dr. Jonn S. Braiton, o Yorl District, whose father was the pairiot here of the event. An address, giving the hiq torical details of the incident and period, was delivered by Colonel Beatty to an assemblage of citizens, who then partook of a fine barhecue, hospitably prepared b Dr. Bratton, where a number of suitable toasts were read. The ciiz-ns of Ches terville, Chester District, also commenora ted this victory ofiheWhigs. by a dinner, at which many toast were read, and an ad dress delivered by Major Eaves. Letters of Eliza Wilkinson. during the Jtivasici und Possession of Charleston, S. C., by the British. it the Revolutionary IWlir. Arranged from the Orininal Ma nuscripts, by CARLotn, GILata.-The Journal of Belles Letires passes the fol lowing crit icism upon i his work :-" These are fhmiliar letters, detailing the harsh treatment and miseries experienced by the writer's family during the in' asion .. d possession of Charleston, S. C. We cannot see much propriety, imerest, or utility in making them piublic at his time. They are written in a- very plain, unadorned style." Some year. ago. we read in a Charleston lporrer, some letters written by Eliza Wilkinson,during the Re volution. We presume that they are the same letters now collected by Mrs. Gil man. "ris true that they are written i a plain style. and have t:.t those ineretri cious ornaments, 'which abound in the writings of many letter writers of the day ; but still there i. in thei a beautiful and pleasing si- plicity. The authoress de scribes vividly and impressively, the scenes which she saw, and which were the ab sorbing topics of the (lay. We think t:.at tne letters are of sufficient interest an utility, to warrant their publication at the presen time. The Stranger's Fever.-The Charb s ton Courier, of the 28th ut., say--' A reference to the Bill of Mortality, puh lished this morning, will show that this disease is rather stationary, than on the increase. The number it deaths, rl-m this cause, for the week ending on the 24th instant, is 15, a maximum which was reached four weeks ago. For the three weeks preceding the last. the number of death, from stranger's fever, having been respectively 4, l", 15." The publication of the Auausta Mir ror is suspend,~ or a few weeks, in eon seq tence of indisposition of the per sons employed in hat -st'ablishnment. Thte August; Coostitutionalist, of ti e 29th ult., says-" From this day, until further notice, the C'onstitutionalist wvill he published hut once a week ; viz., on Thursday's. A d ly extra will b is-ted fr-om the office, contai ing the repourts the Board oif Hlea itt, together with such other interesting information as may come to band." The Atugusta Chronicle andl Sentinel, of the 31st uIt., says ' WVe ...ve hit.hertu delayed referringz to the ptrevailine disen.,a with which our city is at present afflicted, having no official diata tilvon which we coold found a contradiction the "thiousnodt and one" rumors which we understand prevail throtughout the. - untrv. Of its ex istence and fatality, we have had me-lan choly evidence in the demise of many val uable and respected ci'izens, and the panic consequent up)on its sudden and unexpec. ted a;pearancc. and its still re r:-pid and fatal consequences, has, we.t fear, it some instances, contribtuted, er: aps, hul too ell'etually to the extension of the dlis ease. Of its character an I the cauises o its p.roduction, opinlions have varied. yet whatever they may have been. the faculty or at least a majority of thenm have, wi elieve, concurred in the opinion of it non conlag on. The limits the di-. a have providentially for the health of oui cit izenis,been comparatively circumscribed; the squatres immetdiatel contigutou t Bridge Row, having been the principa theatre upon wvhieh it has acted, andI wher: its ravages have been most distinetrly mnrk ed]. The subjoined repart .'fthe Board o Ihealth, shows the extent of the mortality up to yesterday, at 12 31. We shall entdea vor t keep thouse of ouarcitizens who may be from the city, advisedi of anu- 'hance wvhich may take place either in the char acter or extent of the disease." BOARII) OF IlEALTHl. Friday. Atugust 3'). 12 M. The Bonrd report that no death by Fe ver has taken place in this city sit'ee 1: o'clock yesterdlny-onte person h- sdie- 4 the city within thnt period of a chronii complaint-and tune of fever or intrmper' antce, heyondt the corp~orate limits. The new cases that have been reporte< to-~day are genierally of a mild characer antd the Board are tnt aware that a sinigli - w case . an be properly celled mig nant. The namber of deaths since the morn ing of the 18th inst. (%% lien the first deaths occured) w ithin the city, or of persons who retired to the country, but were interred in the city, up to 12 oclock to-day, is thirty. eight of whom twenty-(ight died of the pitevailitg fever, two of old age, three of CO asption and live were children under live years of age. The total nuo.herof deaths in the city from the tst to the 30th August, inclusive, were 4N. Published by order of the Board. A. CU.iIMllhG, Mlayor. Samuel M. TI:onipsoui, Secretary. A gentletan.from the immediate vici nity of Augieta, who arrived here on the 3d instaunt. says, that the feier was still raging at that place. Late New Orleans papers state. that the yellowv fever was raging fearfully at that place. Strangers are advised to flee for their lives. Mr. Clay in New York.-The New York Express, a W hig pa per, gives a long account of the reception of Mlr. Clay in thar city. The Whigs paid high honoirs to the distinguished Senator. On his arrival in the city. crowds of people, on foot, on horseback, in carts, andcarriages, greeted him with a hearty welonme, and formed his escort. They carried him to the Park, where Mr. Dudley Selden addressed 3Mr. Clay, and welcomed him, it is supposed, to the city. Alir. Clay replied, it is said, with great feeling and effect. lie ex pressed his gratitude for the unexpected hospitality lie had received, and compli mented the State of New York, in a high degree. le spoke of t.e President, and the Va1 Burenites in no me asuied terms. He spoke about a certain Imperial Chief, who had issued hisfat at Ca-le Garden ; co'mpa , ! the mo--rn Whiga to the good old Whigs, of the Revolution, and erded, as orator -nerally do. by talking " of the duty of his party, in the defence of tiheir principles, to die in the last ditch!" The crowd, as might he supposed. threw or their caps, and gave three hearty cheers. Thus ended the great pageant in the city of Gotham. ISTRUCTtoNs TO PosT MASTERS. The following is an extract from a letter, which the Post Master General recently addressed to the Post Master at Newport, R. I., to which we wish to call the atten tionof our subscribers. "Post Masters may enclose the money in a letter to the publisher of a newspaper, to pay the subscription of a third person, and fratnk the letter if written by himself, btt it the letter be written by any other erson, the Post Master cannot frank it." A Post Office has been established, at Reedy Creek, Marion District, S. C. and SAMUEL J. BETHEA, appointed Post Mas ter. The Great Race a- ross the Atlantic.-It is known to mauty of our readers, that the steamters, the Btritis', Queen and the Great W~estern, started from New York, en, their last voyage, very nearly at the satne time. Much has'been said about their progfress acrows the ocean. There can he very little dloubt that the officers of these boats were runtiuy a race. We. make the following extract on this sub ject, from the Teimp ante Advocate: We had remarked some (lays since, the vartitus aiccotunts brouight into the p~orts of New York and Charlestotn, by different veesels which had met, or seen the Great Westerni and British Queen. and had re marked the itnterest that seemed to be manifested ais to their relative positiotns to each oilher, but we cottld not believe that it was to lie a trial of speed across the A t lantic. We feared that the captains of th~ese boats felt a rivalry, and were dispo sed to test their ,.peed, but little did we ex hiect to see the Press in this cotuntry, espe cially, itn douthi Carolina atnd Georgii. seek ing to eixcite an interest in this murderous rivalry of Boats, atnd hurraing for the hioremiost. We mean not this rebuke for the journal we have quoted alone, and we hieg hitm to underst and it so; the papers are teetming with it. And what are "e to ex pect fromt the course the Press is taking in this matter ? It is inflatming passions al readly excited, itnducitng steam-hoat cap tains to so prose t hat the speed ofitheir boats is narrowly watched, and that they are es titmated accordinig to their abi'ity to beat other boats in a race. I n a little time an explosioti will take place, the hulls of these stately vessels will be shivered, and some of our mlost honored atid valuable citizens, with their wives anid little otnes, may be seen clinging to a plaik in the broad At latntic. hopeless and perishing. But oh!I howv the ttune will be changed then-what will the Press then teem with?1-This odhi ous practice of R acing-Congress must do somthing-thie Ca ptains ought to lbe hung -the mates guillotined, and the crew thro vn into the boiler-steanm-boat owners ough ti to e brought to justice-i: is mour ter. &c. &c. &c. This is all very good, getlenmen.-very pretty, and very p~atri aitic, anid very' sentimnental. We have no doubit you will he Ibutid with crape on yotur arms, and great big tea'rs rolling down vour cheeks, & writinig very pathetic thitngs about rthe "A wful Calamity!" the "Dread. ful Visitationt !" Now, gentlemen, while yuare sto vehemently contiening the pract'ice after the aceidlent has happened, and no streinously urging tlfe hangiug of SCapt aitne, the dtecaupitatiotn olf niates. and the biiita of crews. just permit uis to say, ifyvou would recommend a tigh string rouncd the weasautd of scores of Editors. yon wouhl he strikin~g ratthier near' r the root oti the' evil, thanmeven hiancing captains and gmillatitning mnates. The' damage b~s the t. to at Birmingham. Etnglanad, was esuimnated at ?40,000.