University of South Carolina Libraries
\ KING OF ANNAM || / ] i Who Murders His Wives Just For 1 the Pleasure of 1 < , SEEING THEM EXPIRE Is Abont to Visit Paris and the Authorities Are Afraid He May Take a Murderous Pit While There and Chop Off the Heads of Some of the Foolish Women Who Are Bound to Flock to See Him. . A letter from Paris to the New York American says Than Thai, the terrible King of Annam, has become something worse than a white ele, phant on the hands of the French CLn.iramnutnf \ UVT muuvi?v? Than Thai, it will be recalled, was 1 deposed for slaughtering and tortur- j ing a great number of his wives with ( dreadful cruelities. and one of his < little sons has been enthroned in his ] place. France exercises a pretector- , ate over Annam. which is a large , county in Southeastern Asia, adjoin- < ing the French possessions in Indo- f China. France controls the trade of , the country, and makes profit cut of \ , the place, but permits a native king- < to look after purely native affairs. , Now that Fung Than Thai has been ? deposed, it becomes a difficult ques- ^ tion just what to do with him. He cannot be treated as a common crim- j -. inal just because in a brief period of , mental abberation, he has slaughter- c ed about a score of wives. The na- c tives of Annam would feel shocked \ if their chief were treated with disrespect, and they might even rebel, f for they have the instinct or suomis- r sion to royalty bred in them by a 5 thousand years of servitude. , It is not even considered right to ] deprive him of his wives, who num- -] ber one thousand. Surely the last c thing a civilized power ought to do j would be to seperate a man from his c wives. v It is true that the wives are more c numerous than the laws of western t t civilization permit, but the lawBand v religion under which he enjoys "this ^ excessive number are recognized and : protected by France. It would cer- v tainly be a gross violation of promises and treaty obligations to Ibreak up his Majesty's family. His wives, * if separated from him, would become : grass widows, and that status in Ann- > am is a most disreputable and undesirable one. , Incidentally it maybe remarked ; that France's obligations towards j the King of Annam are similar to . those of the United States towards { the Sultan of Sulu. This country . would not think of interfering with I that Sultan's domestic relations. On the other hand, France, as a humane country, cannot permit the j ex-King of Annam to murder his wives as he pleases. The only course j of. France, therefore, is to maintain the King with all his wives in a pal- , ace suitable to his rank and descent, and at the same time keep an ex;- J tremely close watch on him to see [ that he plunges into no more fits of \ murderous madness. Thid, obviously, j is an exceeding difficult task. It is j almost impossible for the French of- J firial charged with the surveillance of the King to be quite sure how he is treating every one of his thousand . \ wives at every moment of the twen- J V ty- our hours. Just now his Majesty proposes to : , pay a visit to Paris, and as this is a 1 privilege which has been allowed to : Queen Ranavalona of Madagascar, [ and other deposed monarchs who are ; i captives of the French, it is not considered reasonable to refuse it to 1 Than Thai. It is hoped that the sight , of France will impress him with the ; strength of the country, and that he f will go back and tell his people that c they had better behave. The hope is 1 also entertained that amusements of 8 Paris will put him in a cheerful 8 frame of mind, in which he will cease r to have murderous thoughts. t The proposed visit, however, necessarily occasions considerable uneas- ^ jness. It is possible that the Annam- 8 ite king will be attacked by his bloodthirsty madness while in Paris. Will 8 he take out his sabre and chop off the * heads of the fashionable women of ? ?Urw mill fn * rttTlO} W1117 Will UI1UVUUWVU*/ iiVV*v ?V r see him at receptions and entertain- I ments? Will he run amuck in the : , Pardin de" Paris, or some other place * of popular resort? These are troublesome questions. c Tne atrocities which led to Than , Thai's deposition were concealed from the outside world long after [ they had begun, because they were ! committed in the seclusion of the 1 harem. One day he assembled all N his wives in the throne room, as their statements made afterward to the French officials show. A?AA4UMAC< lrnolh 1 JLIltJ |WWr HUL1C ucaimra auviv * down before him as if he was a di- c Vinity. He clapped his hands and ' muscular slaves sprang forward to 1 do his bidding. The King indicated 1 one of his youngest and prettiest wi- 1 ves and ordered them to bring' her ? before him. ( < With his terrible Malay sword he i cut long strips of flesh from the wo- 1 man's body. The demon King gloats rwray axraw Hp tail and thrilled 1 with pleasure as he listened to the i victim's shriek's. All the other wives r were compelled to watch every de- ] tail of the torture in order tbat they ] might be filled with terror and suf- * fer in anticipation of their own turn i coming. J The next day the King slowly dis- < sected a woman, joint by joint and 1 limb by limb. Another was burnt i ? T with irons, in one case uc uc^ui uj cutting off the woman's nose, ears, : hands and feet. Every day he invent- < ed some new torture. One of the victims was the Emper- : or's favorite wife. He killed her with his own hands, and subjected her to peculiarity atrocious tortures, the details of which cannot be de- i scribed. But before he killed her she succeeded in scratching his face ?rth her terrible nails, wnich were kept several inches long 4 and sharpened at the tips, according to the fashion prevalent in that part of the eroHd. When she was at last dead, he cut tier to pieces and served the remains Ett a banquet, which he forced the ather members of his family to attend. Two of his wives he hung to the :eiling with hooks. One was kept in boiling oil till she died. Two were tftrown into tne cages ui nungry lifers. who devoured them. Thirteen unfortunate women were slaughtered or tortured to death in >ne week. The king was not satisfied with killing his own wives, but t)egan to pay attentions to the wifes ind daughters of his leading subjects. He sent for his prime minister. Tong Doc, and ordered him to bring his young daughter to the palace. Tong Doc was most cordially received by his soverign, who, lowever. artfully eontrived to send lim away on an errand. When rotnrnpH hp found 'his laugter laid out upon a great slab )f onyx, with the king handling a lot of surgical instruments and ibout to begin vivisection upon her. Immediately after this the French Residents decided to intervene and jntered the palace with a force of ioldiers. There a terrible spectacle iwaited him. The throne room and id joining apartments were Uttered with dead bodies. Many victims, of ;he torture were still alive., Severil of them were hanging from the vails by hooks passed {through Jie fleshy parts of the legs. Some were lying about without loses, eyes, ears and hands. The surviving wives were in a state of inspeakable terror*. The French official arrested the ?ing, and Dr. Dumas, the chief nedical gificer of the French forces, leclared him insane. His mental lisease is well recognized by aliensts. Few persons have the same oppor.unity to indulge this murderous nania as the deposed King Than rhai of Annam had. He chose his rives from the whole kingdom, rhey were divided into two classes, [*he wives of the first class were ihoosen from the daughters of leadng personages of the country and lomparatively few in number. The rives of the second class were ihoosenfrom a kind of opera house hat,, is maintained in connection rith the royal palace, 'Ihey were horoughly trained to dance and sing n order to amuse King before they vere admitted to the harem. ; An early symptom of the King's ipproaching insanity was shown T>y Jhe extraordinary ballets and dances n which he trained these women to ake part. He forced them to give spectacles which were literally realzations of a madman's dreams. He mont hio whole time training them X) give these exhibitions and neglec?d to oppress his male subjects. At irst he allowed these spectacles to >e held openly, and the few foreigners resident in his kingdom were nvited to be present;' but as his nania assumed a more bloodthirsty :orm he became secretive, and this course aroused suspicion concerning lis doings. ? The territory of Than Thai is expensive and wealthy. It contains a population'of 6,000,000. His principal palace is an extraordinary specmen of Oriental architecture. It is tomewhat Chinese in character, but las many peculiarities of its town. !t is covered all over with carving )f amazing minuteness, which rejuired almost incredible labor to execute. The palace covers 400 acre3, ts size being made chiefly necessary >y the vast extent of the harem. No >ne is allowed to enter without takng off his sandals or shoes at the loor. A still more remarkable rule s that no dead person is allowed to >e carried out by the door. The >ody must be lifted out through the oof and removed in that way. The King still occupies the palace, >ecause it would be difficult to keep lim elsewhere Without seperating lim from his thousand wives and his lumerous children. His son and uccessor being only eight years old ind still unmarried, does not require nuch space. Since his murderous outbreak the Cing has been kept under close sur? * i? i /*? reillance by r'rencn meaicai omcers, md they now give their opinion hat he is cured. In fact, he is quite in amicable and entertaining com anion. It is well known that the hocking mania from which he sufered may easily pass away. In act, the cheerful companionship of "Vench officers and the knowledge hat somebody is at hand to check he indulgence of his mahia would lo much to cure him. Nevertheless, it is doubtful if the ?ing is permanently cured and this nakes the prospect of letting him oose among the curious and suscept* * * ble temaie population ox rans a rery uncertain and dangerous one. ( Cant Hurt Bryan. The Washington Herald says "Mr. Bryan's quarrel is with that section >f the press which labels itself 'democratic," yet disagrees with Mr. Bryan's definition of democracy. iVe shall not attempt to compose tiis quarrel. It has been going on' jince 1896, but if it has seriously iamaged Mr. Bryans reputation, the njury is not apparent -on the surface. "Mr. Bryan, in fact, is. and has -mon nnp nf the most bountifully nisrepresented merf in public life The conception of him continually presented by a certain section of the press to its confiding readers is distorted and malicious. No attempt is made to appraise the man at his real value. No effort is made to account for his popularity, or to analyze the source of his political strength. "The result is that to many 'constant readers' the name of Bryan evokes images of an oratorical windbag, a political juggler, or a mental freak. Mr. Bryan does not complain of this, but newspaper readers have every right to complain. They are entitled to something better than distortion and misrepresentation as a regular diet." Cause of the Trouble. The Wall Street gamblers had a genuine scare during the past two weeks, and they are just now recovering from the miscarriage o< the plans of a few men who tried to corner the copper market. As a result of this wild speculation great bankUfttfA liAAfl Koillv aViolr_ Ulg IIISIKUUI/IU liatc uccu uauy u?w? en, a number of tanks Arid gamblers have been put out of business, and large fortunes have changed hands. The losers are now hunting up more lambs from whom to recoup their vanished fortunes. All this gambling was carried on with the money of the people. The gamblers go to the banks and borrow money with- which to make their bets, giving as security stocks and bonds, the value of which is based upon their condition of the money market from day to day. The money these gamblers borrow from the bank represent the deposits of the people, not only of New York, but from all parts of the country, as local banks all over the country carry t%?ionnac in thoco TsJpw Vork hanks. It will thus be seen that the whole country is interested in this matter. The failure of a New York bank thus loaning largely to speculators, may mean the embarrassment of any bank whose balance the former carries. So that a panic in New York, if extensive enough, may carry disaster to the whole country. These fluries also depress the price of all commodities, and we would therefore advise our farmers not to sell their cotton until confidence is entirely restored. Fortunately the trouble is about I over for this time and no (Southern interests was hurt, but we think it1 would bfe wise on the part hf local banks over the country to keep as j small balances in New York banks as they possibly can. If someone is not trying to corner copper, someone else is endeavoring to corner something else, and will so long as New York banks supply available funds. If this gambling in stocks must go on, let the gamblers furnish their own money. . j Narrow Minded Bigots. . Burnside Post of the Grand Army of the Republic has taken to task a Washington preacher for preaching in a truthful and somewhat eulogistic manner of Gen. Robt. E. Lee, in a school address. The preacher said "great as were his achievments as a general, splendid his victories on the field of battle, the greatest thing! about Lee was his spirit. When de- j feat came upon him he was a man. j He refused to expatriate himself; hej took up life among his people and labored to make the Union real, strong and permanent," I In the preamble to the resolutions adopted by the post it is declared the "reverend gentleman, though expostulated with, had before this1 declared his intention to (eulogize; General Lee in public, and has sincej asserted that the majority of the f?nmf>oHps nf the G. A. R.. are in sym pathy with his sentiments, and he has j since written,'I have no fears that] time will not set me right." In order to prevent time from setting him right, the Burnside post of j the G. A. R., proceeded to make re-| marks and pass resolutions denouncing the preacher's allusion to Gen. Lee as unpatriotic and calculated to ead astray the youth of the land. The men who made fools of them*, selves by abusing the preacher are to be pitied rather than condemned. It must be remembered that the man for whom this post is named was thrashed and run off the field of Fredericksburg by Gen. Lee. Possibly the men who passed the resolul!? Ruimoido nn fhftt. no UUIi KVCIV TT11*11 uwuuax'w ... casion. _jj The New State. The forty-sixth state of the Union is Oklahoma. It is interesting to know just what its admittance into the Union may do politically. Oklahoma has elected four Democratic congressmen and one Republican. It may, - therefore, make a difference of votes in the Hoase of Representatives. Its legislature will elect two Democratic senators and these will give the Democrats of the Senate 31 votes, sufficient to prevent the ratification of a treaty, even if suDDorted by a solid Republican majority. It will have seven electors in the next electoral college, a number large enough, should the vote be close, to determine the next president of the United States. It will be represented in the national conventions by delegations of very respectable size which will have to be reckoned with in more ways than one. Consequently Oklahoma from the very beginning of its- statehood is in position to wield a considerable influence on. national affairs. >. Yet partisan politics are, after all, not of much importance as loyalty to American principles. In its constitution which represents the sen timents of its people, Oklahoma is loyal to American principles, mere-; fore, its advent to participation! more largely in governmental affairs should be regarded with gratification. Congressman Burleson of Texas has asked the national government to deposit money in southern banks so that the farmers might be financed in their cotton holding movement, and the request has been refused. "Why," asks the Spartanburg, Journal, "is $25,000,000 deposited in Wall Street banks to tide over a panic and a much smaller amount refused to southern banks to save the farmers frnm the deoression of the price of their cotton?" The Greenville News says: "With the stock market on the ragged edge, the Knickerbocker Trust Company going into the hands of a receiver, and Wall Street apparently convinced that a big financial panic was inevitable, it took some degree of moral courage for the man who "had turned on the light" to stand up and say that he would not alter his course one iota nor swerve from the administration's fight against the ilk gal money powers." But he rush! ed, fifty million dollars of government money to the reiief of the gamblers all the same. s N' ? v. ' ? i 1 ' ROOSEVELT HEDS He Hepes Case May Bedim the Brownsville Affair. Fedral Department of Justice About to Open Fight for Southern Negroes Before Supreme Court. A dispatch from Washington says Roosevelt's Department of Justice is about to fight a battle for the negroes of the South before the Supreme court of the United States that the administration hopes will bedim the recollection of the Brownsville affair. Attorney General Bonaparte has buckled on his sword, and the skirmish is now on. The case arises out of an alleged 4~ / ' , attempt of white men of Arkansas to frighten negroes who were working for the Arkansas Lumber Company, away from their jobs. Notices were posted warning the negroes from continuing at work. In this connection.' a half dozen white men were convicted of violating the federal statute, enacted just after the adoption of the thirteenth amendment to the constitution, which makes it an offense to conspire, to threaten or in timidate any citizen in the free exercise of his rights. A little moro than a year ago, the Supreme court liberated, in another ease, certain men who had been convicted of a similar offense. With this situation, and, it is understood, upon orders from the president, the attorney general, unwilling to entrust the task tc a subordinate, himself has prepared to plead the cause of the colored men. In addition to his brief, already filed with the Supreme court, Bonaparte is expected to argue the case orally before the court _1 :i. ? Wiieil lb CU1UCS up 1JU BWUt> ICU uajo for hearing. "To be free is|to be wholly free," says Bonaparte in his brief. "It does not mean that a man may merely have his personal liberties and at the same time be hedged about by prohibitions and restrictions and denied first one right and then another that belongs to free men. /"He can not have his full constitutional right unless he is in no sense whatever in involuntary servitude, and he may claim the protection of Federal law, if enacted by Congress, against the first infringement of his freedom, without waiting until he is striped of all his rights and forced into a condition of absolute and abject slavery, "The government contends that the right of a colored man to dispose nf Vila nam ?nn(>P tn nnrsnp anv legitimate occupation oy employment is a right secured to him by the thirteenth amendment to the constitution, and that to deprive him of the enjoyment of that right is to enforce upon him one of the inseparable and necessary invidents or badges of slavery, I "If individuals can combine to hin- 1 der the negro, because of his race, in the pursuit of employment, they can, by persistent, progressive acts, at last deprive him of every right, the free enjoyment of which is necessary to keep him from returning into practical bondage." Why Bryan Is Strong. / In pointing out the reason why Mr. Bryan is strong with the masses the people the New Orleans of Daily States says "it is well to 1- .<4 ?ur;ii;o?, T P rcluotk Ultkl> lb woo it iiuoiu ??;an who in 1896 seeing the magnificent system of thievery which had been established in 'the garden of America's richest prosperity' denounced it and arrayed himself against it. For doing this that element of the Democracy which shared in the spoils of the system deserted i to the Republican camp, and he was denounced far and wide as an anar- j chist, a socialist and even as an "en- i emv of the republic.' Today the men who have been < his foremost opponents and who } posed in two campaigns as cham- \ pions of/the national honor' stand i before the country as unmasked A thieves, whose morals and methods , are on a par with those of a sneak , thief or a footpad. Yet therci are i people foolish enough to , wonder : why Bryan is strong, and who are j apparently unable to understand i that his strength with the mf\sses of. } the people is vastly increased with f i 1 every disclosure 01 me uucvci; ux 1 high finance of which there have } been many, and more are yet to come. *\ ' "The absolute justice of the chal- . | lenge which he flung to corporate wealth in 1896 and 1900. is today '' receiving a bountiful measure of vindication. Bryan, the chosen of the ' people, stands at this moment un- j scathed in spite of intrigue, abuse and misrepresention, while a score 1 or more of men who have fought ! him savagely under the banner 01 ' the so-called 'safe and sane' Democracy are struggling to keep out of jail for stealing or have become ob- 1 jects of public pity and contempt." ' Change of Heart. In a recent issue of his excellent paper, the Gaffney Ledger, Editor DeCamp makes this honest confession: Ever since Mr. Bryan enunciated his famous free silver doctrine we have looked upon him as an extremist, and we have never felt like supporting him for the presidency, although he was twice nominated by the Democratic party. His recent advocacy of .government ownership of railroads has strengthened our oDinion that he was a crank; but since we have met him personally, and discussed these vital issues in person, and hearing his speech in our city last Friday, our opinion of the man has changed. There is no foolishness about him. He is a plain American citizen and withall a big man, a very big man, in fact we believe he is the biggest man in America. . |pr : |P .' .;: * ' i N FtaaasRB mvxra. i Held Their Tobacco UnlO They Got Ttorir Price. By a deal coneumated at Henderson, Ky., on last Thursday the Imperial Tobacco Cbmpany purchased the entire 1907 tobacco crop pledged to the American Society of Equity in Henderson, Union, Webster, Hopkins and Crittenden counties. The deal involves sixteen million pounds of tobacco and will bring one and a half, million dollars of English money to tne farmers of that section. The. price paid was that demanded by the farmers, and is the highest ever paid there, with the exception of the war price. .v The deal was consumated by Stokes Taylor, chairman of the board OI mrecwiB ui luc oicuiuiiug uioiuvi. Tobacco Association and Edward Hodge, manager of the Imperial company. Negotiations have been on for more than a week. Equity employes are taken over by the Imperial company and' will be continued in service. Deliveries will begin as j?joon as the tobacco is in order. Tie gold will be shipped from England at once., DEATH OP OLD WOMAN. She Was One Hundred and Nineteen I Years Old. Lottie Postom. a negress, died in Carrollton, Ga., Thursday, and ip her death the oldest negress in that 'state passed away. It i!s well known that the woman had reached the advanced age of 119 years. She had been ? ward of the county since she was 110 year^ old. She is survived by a son who s ninety years of age. , HUMAN MONSTER. Burned His Wife's Eyes Ont With Strong Acid. \ . 1 / At Lawton, Okla., John Hopkins burned out his wife's eyes by throwing carbolic.acid in her fa4e during a quarrel. He is in jail, which is heavily guarded to prevent summary vengeance by his enraged neighbors.. , GROWING FATTER. Peanut Philosopher Believes He Has Established His Claim. I' At Aurora, 111., Dr. T. J. Allen, the peanut philosopher, has gained three and one-quarter pounds on his "goooer" diet. He believes he has established his claim that the peanut is fattening. Today! is the experimenter's fourteenth day of his sixty days run on peanuts. \ SAW W1ERD PHANTOM, Had Premonition of ;Disastrous Explosion in Indiana. John Walsh, who was engineer of the Big Four passenger train which was blown up while passing a car of powder at Sandford, Ind., last spring, testified in the hearing of the personal injury damage suits against the railroad, that as he came alongside the freight train he had a premonition and then saw a phantom in front of his headlight, whereupon he^ applied the emergency brakes, Immediately following which came the explosion. , .. ! i. One of the theories as to the cause of the crash has been that the brakes threw out sparks which entered the powder car. Nitrogen as a Fertilizer. Nitrogen is one of thf> most inert of all elements apparently indifferent to whether t combines with other elements or not. It Is one of the most important of all elements. ( Although it exists in the atmosphere all around us and really constitutes 4-5 of the whole volume of the atmosphere, yet it is the most expensive part of all feed stuffs and fertilizers, and at the same time the most essential. , No plant could grow without a supply of nitrogen in the soil and no animal could flurish without nitrogen in the feed. It would seem that any artcle so perfectly abuniant as nitrogen and as free as it would seem to be in the surrounding lir ought not to be expensive. It has seen the dream of scientists for 100 rears to recover this nitrogen from :he air and thus make it available 'or plant.and animal food, but the manner of doing this has eluded ;hem all untii witnin tne p^st year or ;wo. . -It now seems that sohie parties it Niagara Fails are undertaking the ' production of nitrogen from the atnosphere. Tnis has not yet come to [>e a commercial success, but probibly will be at some future time. ' In the meantime, all the quarters )f the earth have been ransacked for source of available nitrogen for fertilizers and feed stuffs. Among the first efforts to find large quantities of fertilizer containing nitrogen and other necessary elements was working the Peruvian Guano deposits. These have long since been exhausted and this has lead to the manufacture of what be called artificial fertilizer. The principal source of nitrogen for these fertilizers was at first the Chili Salt-petre beds. These still supply large quantities of nitrate of soda, which is used in some forms of fertilizer, but by far the most important source of all nitrogen in all fertilizers and feed stuffs at the present time, is cotton seed meal. The gradually increasing cotton crops and th9 rapidly increasing number of oil mills makes cotton seed abundant and cheap. It is the most easily handled of all nitrogenous materials. At tne same time ic is one ui mo muoi. easily assimilated. This is true of both plants and animals. All farmers in the cotton region are especiallyblessed on account of this proximity to oil mills and their consequent easy ability to purchase this most valuable feed stuff and fertilizer at prices which are really much below the actual value as compared with other sources of nitrogen. .v.;-';.'-;.'; v fV': " :| . jrf- J S ' * ' t STRUG* B* SSVKStS GALE. Twenty Perms Iterated aad Much Property In jnrd. A northwest storm of short duration with heavy rain, passed over Galveston, Texasr early Thtn-sday. The wind attained1 a velocity of 72 miles an hour for tyo minutes. About twenty frame booses were blown down, one woman being killed in a falling structure. If is estimated that twenty persons were injured in the western part of tire city, where the wind was severe. Sveral business bouses were unroofed and thel stocks of goods were slightly damagfed by water. The Mallory Line wharf shed was damaged to the extent of several thousand dollars. A few cars in the raflroad yards were blown from the track. The gulf remained normal. Ther? was no fn> terruptfon to traffic. High Priced Beef. In the World's Work Magazine there is an article entitled "Why the Price of Beef is !High, by G. W. Ogden. The article carries a lesson to the people of th6 Southeast, and tor these it might be entitled, "Why the pople of the Southeast states should now raise cattle for beef." The article recites how the condltons are growing more and more unfavorable in the West for raising beef cattle. These conditions are comprised in the diminution of the grass lands by settlement* the increased adverse Influence of droughts in the diminished area, the high price of feed stuffs and the increased demand for beef by increasing population, and also for export. The demand for beef is growing greater, and the supply Is growinfe less in fjroportion. All tbese influences tend to enhance the profits of cattle >raising ft* the Southeastern cotton area. While the feed stuffs in the West have been diminishing on account of the decrease of the grass area, those fn the Southeast have been increasisg in the increased production of cotton seed hulls and meal. There has always been in the Southeast, grass and forage enough to keep cattle 8! to 9 months in the year. The other 3 or 4 months without grass or forage was the only thing standing In the way of a profitable cattle business, even when the ranges in Texas and Oklahoma were, for practical purposes, unlimited. The cotton seed hull and meal, having supplied this deficiency, and the grass lands of the West being very much diminished, the Southeast is not only in position to compete, but is in actually better situation to raise cattle for the beef markets that any other part of the United States. Mr. Ogden says: "It Is questionably whether, under the most favorable circumstances, beef will ever be as cheap.in the United States again as it was five years ago. Since that times, there has been a gradual increase in the price of live cattle, and a corresponding increase in the price of dressed meat. This opens the second'proposition bearing on highpriced beef?the increased consumption at home and the growing export trade, against the comparative stand still of the live stock Industry." According to this opinion, the conditions are not only favorable'now for the cattle raiser, but they will continue favorable for a long time to come. It is a question of the demand outweighing the supply. A Beef Trust could: not limit the output of beef, if fat cattle were plentiful and cheap. If it were possible to buy all in sight and dress, store and keep the meat for an indefinite period sqch an action might be possible. But beef is perishable, and no man is bound down by laws prohibiting his killing and dressing meat for his own use and selling it to his neighbors. A capital of $30 or $40 is all that is required to open a butcher shop In a village when fat cattle sell at $4.50 to $5.00 a hundred. It Is a business with so many possibilities that the Beef Trust could not block them all." Thijs it would seem that the farmers of the Southeast cotton growing states are now in fine Situation to. undertake the production of beef cattle with promise of good fair profit, and of the business being a lasting one. '' - i^H^TWHVTATT, Frame* fitted to faceperfectlg / FREE examination blank* CRYSTAL OPTICAL COMPANY 213 Temple Court. Atlanta. Ga. I | THE ONL j In Columbia, South Carolina, mak J thing in the Machinery Supply L Write us for prices before plai > nmrnniri CITPDT.V i I \A/U*JiUUiia. UVA JL j On corner opposite Seaboard All 1 WECORDIA All who visit Columbia during the Fal Piano and Organ Exhibit Take Notice?We do not exhibit a1 1428 Main street, and have some rare Write for catalogues, price, and t< MA LOVE'S MUSIC HOUSE : ^ Wakefield and Succession ruce, <od Urge type Caulf.ow ,..<i-UEEI / best growers in the world. We CA&tMTlf *tock lo. 20 years, and il is safe to s Fanu^ tainable. They have successfully sto< | (? drouth and are relied on by the most pro rf South. We guarantee full count and safe i PRICES: Cabbage and Lettuce f. o. b. You per thousand; 5 to 9,000 at $1.25 per thous; Cauliflower, $3.00 per thousand, quantities ic Write your name and express < W. R. HART. EN References: Enterprise Banfc, Chariest* , -V ' im. -i DONE AT LAST. Tlw #? a Gnat RaBrooA Enririitrint Fist w Ml^MvvV w wlww *? vGOES OUT IN THE SEA Some Seventy-Five Mfies?Tke line Passes T&voegb Deue Swamps and Across- ??e? Sea o* CuK*et? 1 ' >' -*l-; Arches and Bridges, Qp?Utled Wfflcy,,fc* West, Fla., Wkf? the Mate Land. The completion) of the greet bridge at New York over Bel) Gate, far to eonneot the Pennsylvania with the Newi England rafltoads, will tern like'a link in an unbroken Roe of > 1 railroad communfcatfon between New England and Key West, tbe wuthermost city in the United States. Tbe other link in the line fa being constructed from a point near Miami, Fla., SI miles inland, across 75 miles of sea and finally terminating at Key , West. V .. , - v;? V \\ After the links are completed it w(Q be possible to rurt direct from New England to Havana, Cuba, without changing cars, as the trains wfil be ^omreyed in unbroken packages across the strait from Kef West to Havah? In view of the fact that the Panama region is sure to cause a boom in trade, "there is every reason to believe that the new through line will make Key West one of the *; great sapping stations on the At- , lantfc Seaboard.: The railroad line that Is befog cob- "" strueted from the ooa^t <$t:, Florida across the Key "Vest coral teftmdg ?/!H be one of the wonders of the age. It will be 168 miles In length, counting that it A begfe? In the swamps of Florida, and is costing $100,000 a mile for construction. Henry M. Flager Is .promoter of the line. All the viaduct* are built of re- / lnforced concrete. The railroad will ' be on a line 30 feet above low water mark. It is found that the highest waves on ttte coast are 26 feet and the islahds'serve to brea^ the highest sea. The engineers are counting on this to prevent any washouts or ^ washovers. The longest of /the viaducts over orfen sea is nearly/seven miles. It is located near Long Key. At preeent 2,500 men are, employed In this wort alone. Th^ viaduct consists of 186 concrete arches. Of these 76 are already complete. It will take 286,000 barrels of . cement, 177,000 cubic yards of sand, 612,000 iineai reec ot piling and 5,700 tons of re-inforcing 1 steel rods to complete this one riadbct, not/to speak of the amcwnt for the other 68 miles being built under ' similar conditions. ' / The support df qvery one of the ' arches rests on 28 piles driven deep into coraline limestone which forms j the bed of thS sea. After the pile drivers have pasqe^ a cofferdam is lowered from a catamaran into place around the piles. Then the concreting begins, after/ the ffqmes have been set. The thick shell of concrete is v \ backed on the inside by crushed rode ' - " - ml. * > and other ballast In* the corai reeip the water varies in.depth from 13 to 20 feet. Voder normal conditions * the tide flows at the rate of four" \ miles an honr. The 15$ miles of constructive work between Miami and Key West presents practically every problem known to^ railroad engineers. From Miami, for a distance, the road passes through heavy mangrove swamps, where there was too much water to use wheelbarrows and notenough to ^ work a dredge. Th? difficulty was overcome by specially designed dredges- 1 ' The islands in the sea are of limesstone formation, and in addition to being solid, they furnish excellent ballast. At the present time more * AA* nn the than a.uuu iu?u ai*> v>??.? ? job. They- are operating nine stern wheel boats, three tugs, 100 barges and lighters, 28 launches and Vupward of 50 pile drivers, concrete mixers, derricks, pump barges and dredges. ^ The paper trust has not only raised the price of print paper out of all reason, but, according to the newspaper men up North, it has bought up ^11 the product of the Capada mills, so as it can compel the publish- " ers of this country to pay its prices Yet some people doubt the existence of a paper trust. ??? ??? ?? ? HOUSE lug a specialty of handling averyLne. clng order elsewhere. CO., Columbia, s. c. r Line Passenger Station. i i lr to call at 1428 Main street and see of Malone's Music House. t the fair grounds bat at our store bargains to offer you. r , ^rms, to : : : Columbia, S. C. : THE Cabbage. Big Boston Let- ^Hf er. Grown from Mtdt ot Ae J have worked diligently oa oar B&5T ^ ay thai to-day tbey ?re tbe best ob- J od the raost severe tests of cold and * | rainent growers of every section of the I 1 arrival of all goods shipped by express. I ng's Island, 500 for $1.60; I to 5>#OOat $1.50 I md; 10,000 and over atSl.M per thousand. I >ffioe plainly and mail order* to * I TCDDDICT C r | | *"*? V, ? >ruS. C.; Postmaster, EoKrpri*, SL C. i