University of South Carolina Libraries
EljlikfeK^^ 1 H^HHHHHBBHb long mffiiijH most fffBljjSBffl th>* 1 year j ffiMjffigBfflBffi the 8Bw8^HlBiiwiM iii S^^?^othera 8HgBB^^wHBfflHiiS^8w^P^^, 11 I" I""" 1?HnBnralBBBiaHnfi^^^nHW <ta maHo white, employing wKssss^^^ss^B^SsK9acceu^Mj ySSamS^GBBSS^m^"1 *d?pted ro*fl? camin the state of The sen> roads train, MIm||Ic^ engine, Ave stone and a all of which Is jm^^flKnffisBeUK^HuoD engine, which ! a^MffiCTBjiMW^MHMiDto a road roller KSSSSjm^m^lU flpli ihlng the road. nraHSraS^ffigwa o?oa Ko>d*. twelve months $400,' j IPBffPBBBMBInHByteBn mflfemtog pub- i Jersey. and for this \ < ran the state now < BgBHBffifff?8^of the finest rural tbor- 1 MEjSf$3HHE$rawrtbe country. Altogether j < nHj New Jersey has 641 uilles of these fine t bBm highways. 1 Bfro?- * MM Tkni to Last. Great loss has often been occasioned ^Tbin. through temporary and unskillful fix-. Kctar- ot road* an<* tho e^fction of flimsy | lud and insufficient culverts and bridges. , lb h w 14 ls l>(M)r acooomy to erect anything < E?viii? but permanent structures built to last bu Hta and *taod "avereat tests. \ Fvo rwpoplalnt Eb Uood " la good E*'"* Stnpfrhnl/Wo llflotintf r~ uivuniivivivi u uivuuu^i j fl^fnr Annual meetinu of stock bold Krbitl'a *n of Farmer*' Bunk of Abbeville will b? * floor beld at Back Office cn a I'mK Wednesday, Janniuy 14,1903, at J 12 O'cloek H. { n. unrius, \\ t?k Cashier. |j n^mberM, IWK. St v *' KL '1 ISffiffiHHHmllBll nm^NS %3| nHn? 9100 pe Ute 135 SgBBf Steam roll BS^Kierally use< HBHr cities axm jjH^vuinny place wj^M to advantag Hto roads of tb E^Jerally more ef ^Kd if kept baa: operate. The: eight tons up HFelve ton slies be ml popular. Kllow closely upoi fa grader or scrapes ? all the loose eartl of the scraper hat the roadway. Th< Iff BBioaoy times over thi fiKflr the road, and where S|B dry and not inclinec IV be aligbtly moistened R Miction of the roller. Tb< IjVoegln at the sides of th< EHrk gradually toward tb< His, the roller should b? Vend to end along the side W and then the second pas B roller should slightly lai KtU the center of the road ii OR OILED ROAD8. I K of Petroleara on Blgkw?7l any * Ij>'r tke out. HjVuse of oil on highways Is steadS^Hcreaslag In favor. In Mollne, 11 has l>een tried In place of water remedy for dost and the results SB been satisfactory. Bourbon. Ind., ^Considering the Idea of sprinkling By streets Kith olL The dust problem Bre Is a very serious one during the miner months, for there are no gravP beds from which to construct roads. LTbe towns or Caliroraia, wnicn nave sen doing more in this line than those of any other stste, are testifying to tbe great benefits derived from oil on tbe highways, by tbe continued use tbe; are making of this means of laying the dust, says tbe New York Tribune. Tbe board of supervisors of Sacramento are greatly in favor of ojled roads. Tbree hundred or 330 barrels of oil a mile are at times necessary for tbe permanent packing of a sand road* but In many cases only 150 barrels need be used. TK? mnrfa ?rf Pnlffnrnin are In moat cases of sand, and the great benefits derived from tbe consolidating of this and with tbe oil is continually testified to by those In charge of the highways. Not only is tbe oil a better dust layer and a more permanent one, but It is also more economical than water. Inasmuch as tbe roads need to be oiled but once or twice a year, while sprinkling with water must be done every little while. Cilag Straw to latprav* The farmers of Walla Walla county. Wash., are trying tbe experiment of laying their roads with straw to Improve them, says the New lork Tribune. Every fall the highways become ifeep with dust making traveling bard Era man and beast Heavy rains meant mud, and the dust could not be removed without destroying the roadway. It then occurred to an enterprising Individual that if all of the farmers would contribute straw and all hands assist in laying It on the roads most traveled there would be a great change For the better. The experiment was a decided success. The farmers turned sut in force, plenty of straw was offered, ready hands laid it to the depth of a foot or more on the main thoroughfares of the county, and traveling t>ecame easy. Three hundred miles of roads will be covered with straw this ralL Gbo< Roaiii la Hlehlna. Last year several counties In the itate of Michigan expended over $000,D00 on road Improvements. and this ^ear more than that amount will be expended. Caution! Tbto la not a gentle word?but wb*n 70a Unk bow liable you in not to porcbaae lb* uljr rtnMv universally known and h MMf that baa bad the lar*r?t kbIp of any MdwaelD tba world elnce IMS for tbe core inmldodt 01 uidiampiind iuu lunwi ltd Lang trouble* wttboat toeing IU great VflMV alt U>m? year*, you will be tbankBl W* Milled ynar attention to Boecbee'a WMRHrnip. There ere eo many ordinary BWh MgnedlCK made by drngrieu ami others MpCcbHp and Rood for light cold* pertaa*, fetal for Hvere Cotigb*. Bronchllli. taMp?am! tapeclally for Consumption, rbfll* there la difficult expectoration and MMfeAbg daring the nl(bt? and morning*. Mil nothing like German 8yrnp. Tit* 25 Mtnu hn? J as i been Introduced this year. nAu else 75 cent*. At all drugglata. Speed Drug Ca LJ ? - 'JMMT *. J IKhe south Kovement in the BERN STATES. of the Beat lo><i d?The Emplorant < tli* Ulgkmyi of Rartk I many interesting and valles published In a recent ilarpcr'8 Weekly woa tlie n highway improvement In the most Important, bat icnous. movements in the is that bcinu made in be good country roads. About H|H^Vycar? ago there was a general BHT of Interest in the building of B^Htry roads. and now many com lUes in the sooth have systems of of'which they justly feel proud. nMen North Carolina, long known as Efle Rip Van Winkle of the southern j^Hates. has at last awakened and Is j^nving lesson a 10 ine onisiue woriu in ^Mhe construction of good roads. It Is r IfACADAHZZSD BO AD XV KOBTB CABOZtDTA. i no exaggeration to aay that the roads g\t IIa/iL lanKninr A/innftr M P. a pa f ha I beet to be foond in tbe entire tooth, i The county of Mecklenburg is near i the South Carolina line, and la pierced ? by that division of the Soothern rail? road which extends from Washington . to Atlanta. The county seat Is Cbarr lotte. a progressive city of thirty thoar sand lnbabltanta. Within a radios . of one bondred miles of this city there . are three hnndred cotton factories. comprising more than half of the spindles and looms operated In the sooth. In 1SOO the authorities of the county conceived the idea of utilizing the convicts for tbe Improvement of the public roads. Instead of locking up offenders in the county jail or sending them to tbe penitentiary It was decided to employ them at home in improving the highways. A law was passed authorising the use of convicts for this purpose. Tbe convicts were organized into a squad or camp, placed under tbe control of a competent su> pcrvisor and engineer, a*?d the work of grading, straightening and macadi a mixing tbe roads was begun. A short I experience demonstrated mat toe convict laborers cost the county only 25 cents per dsy per bead. Including food, lodging, clothing and overseeing. The outfit for the road work* coni slstlng c f a steam roller, crusher, bins, portable engine, road machine and a screen tor assorting the rocks, cost , about $9,000. At present the county has In operation two road outfits and i employs about sixty convicts with , each outfit The total expenditure in ; constructing each mile of macadami I zed road is from $1,000 to $2,500, > not Including bridges. In summer the convicts live In tents along the road. , auu iu winter mey live iu oarracKg. i Tbe rock uaed for tbe roads in bought i from tbe farmers, who haul and depos\ it It at tbe convict camp. ) These roads have been in process of construction for twelve years at tbe i rate of about ten miles per year. At > present there are more than 100 miles i of macadamized roads In tbe county. Tbe roads radiate in all directions from tbe center of Charlotte and extend ten 11 or fifteen miles to the county limits. Tbe roads of this have become i so famous that delegations from many other states have come here to Inspect tbeiu. Kane mwwl AMfflnlvflHnna arlct i In tbe south. Professor J. A. Holmes of the University of North Carolina has traveled In many states, giving Illustrated lectures on road construction and organising good roads dabs. Bis campaign has borne mncb fruit and tbe south can now boast of some of tbe best and most picturesque roads In tbe whole workL RmmiHt For Dralugc. In the Improvement of earth roads one very Important essential often overlooked is the necessity for dralnl age to carry off the surplus wster beJ fore It can soak Into the surface, says liood Koads Magazine. Good roads cod oe cousLTueieu eveo iu a prairie , country, and by tbe adoption of improved methods immediate recovery j from tbe effects of heavy rains may be \ insured. Tile draining is very effec; tive. and with even a shallow dressing ! of crushed stone or gravel on the surface of an earth road wonderful lm, provemeut can be secured. ilkuii Last Por Age*. There is no reni?an In tbe world why , a road should notw.ist for ages If It is built of good material and kept In prop! er repair. If this it? not done, tbe money spent la more tbnn wasted. It Is more economical, as n rule, to bring good materials a long distance by rail or water tban to employ Inferior ones procured close at band. SorYlceablo For Coaatry Road*. (turned gumbo Is a very serviceable -?-? -? ? ? 1 1_ i? material lur use uu eouuirjr iuuus. *? I 1s not as durable as crushed stone, bat is superior to dirt BarkMato'* L*r*li. A M| lot and lice of SI.00 aboee, both men, women and children. W. I). Harkntisle. Hot price* In thirl*. 50o phirt ?( 16c. W. D. UurkKdalo. PratU Food In atock-makft hen* lay. W I) Barludile. New Orleans molaaaea all grade*. ?'? >? D(tr ayrnpa at. W. I). Harksdale. Trunka-all slteaand kind*. W. L). Barkadale. have a beautiful line of Cbalrlma* tfOOdaN opened up. Wo would be glad to labow you tbrough and lay Hide anything yon select. Hpeed Drag Co. | } HIGHW IMPROVINQ EARTH ROA05^K|HgE AND 8AND. , How to Mix ud Apply Theaa rare the Boat Reealtw?The I'M m BMi MMklaw la Bonding Theee Hlghwara. Id an Interesting address delivered at tbe Greenville (Mich.) good roads convention Fraak F. Rogers, C. E., bad #IIA fAllAtt*(nr? MUMwlln<v fho Im. uit tvuvtriii^ IU omj I^IUUIU^ wuv UMprovcraent of earth roads: If you must always have an earth road and cannot get gravel or stone at a reasonable cost, pat cluy on the sand apd sand on the clay. When these become suitably mixed, they will form a sort of bardpan, making a very good road surface at most seasons of the year. Of course, the clay Is good when bard and dry and the sand quite itassable when the weather Is so wet that nobody wants to travel, but to secure a medium earth road, good the greatest number of dava in the vear. that it is possible to make it. this is the best method that we can prescribe. It should be borne in mind that neither Improvement is very good until suitably mixed, and clay should be applied to sand In a manner to secure that mixture as speedily aa possible and vice versa. Decide on tbe width of a given road between ditches?say twenty to twenty-four feet not much narrower and not much wider. These are economical widths, and the lack of uniformity in fKlo nnf^lrniloc la nnn r\f thn won foaf UUO |NIIUVUMI ID VIIV VI IUV ?tVHWV% evils of oar lack of system In road building all over tbls country. Bring the road to a suitable crown from twelve to eighteen inches nl>ove the side gutters. This, however, will have to be varied to meet the special needs of drainage for the locality, and should a large ditch be required on a narrow road it should be entirely outside the regular gutter, which will protect the vehicles from the danger of tipping over. To prepare the bed it may have to be plowed toward the center, but. if so, do uot disturb the old roadbed unless absolutely necessary. After plowing, barrow thoroughly, take a road machine and shape the whole bed to a perfectly rounded shape and roll till no more compacting is possible with a roller weighing four tons or more. A farm roller la of little use for. this purpose. After the bed la properly shaped and rolled aa described take a road machine and crowd enough earth to each side of a central strip of such width as it may be desirable to cover with clay or gravel. This being done, clay should be applied on sand to? ? depth of five or six inches whewSb gravel is used uuu la uie ucjiiu 01 uirec or tour iucuvs where a dressing of as much gravel can be placed upon the clay. After the clay Is applied, it may be leveled with a road machine if well pulverised, or, If lumpy, It may be leveled by first rolling to crush the lumps, then harrowing till smooth, but in each case it must be rolled till hard after a smooth surface has been secured. Where no gravel is used the clay must be covered with from one to two inches of sand by reversing the road machine and crowding a little of the surplus sand from the sides to the center. This will prevent the roads from becoming muddy at the first wet spelL If a top dressing of gravel Is i* im ntwjiiwl ?a kin uotu, ti ouvutu wv o|/|iuvu iu ?uv tum coat of clay Immediately after rolling, then be brought to a (rue surface by the use of a road machine and rolled till it Is thoroughly compacted; If the weather is dry, the gravel should be kept sprinkled during the final rolling. When sand is used on clay, we usually secure as good results as by patting clay in sand, for it does not always prevent mud when the ground ! extremely soft A clay road should always be well piked with good side ditches, which must quickly take the water to its nearest natural outlet, 'which in turn must always be so well kept as to take the water at once away from the road allowance. Sand should be applied to clay after the picking is done, without forming any depression far its reception, as has been recommended for gravel. Sand uouiu uever uc npyiieu m a bcbsuu ui the year when a long dry spell is expected, bat rather Immediately before wet fall weather and winter sets in, so that by the next season it may become sufficiently mixed with cluy to produce the condition already referred to. The same practice should be employed when any considerable depth of loose gravel is applied to a clay soil with the expectation that travel will make it bard. Tbe application of sand and gravel o clay, as abfrve described, cnu be done in layers, giving time for the lirst layer I to pack before tbe second is applied. It is often advisable to wait till the ! next full before tbe second layer is applied, thus giving time to watch results and use Just the depth required ft uvnro fho liPKt pffwt ns well as to economize material. After all this is done, we have not secured a permanent road suited to heavy trallic. and we shall be obliged to look to the better grades of gravel and broken stone to produce any roads that may really be called permanent. Tb* Car* of Earth Road*. Earth roads should be repaired, particularly in the spring and full of the year, but the mistake of letting them take care of themselves during the balance of the year -should not be made. The greatest need of the common rond In this country Is daily or weekly care. A road receiving daily atteutlon will require no extensive repairs and Instead of becoming worse will gradually Improve. It is minute and frequent homeopathic treatment that the earth road needs. Mtlfard Waats You. lfyou want to bo charitable to yonraelf when you begin to bay your Xaiaa. gooda why vluft C. A. Mllford'a. ltead bla large ad thlN week and *ee what he will do for you fn the way of good* and price*. Ue hai the beat aaaortment of Xmim. gooda. wedding prtwenia, eic., ever brought to Al>bevlllc. Mud be I* netting them every duy. If yoa wuh anything In tbla !lae, be la thei man you want to *ee. He alito Unit lome excellent perfumeries wblcb'b? la Mftlag m epeclal ran on. Tbe very beaf jsakes for tbe very lemal money. I Carpets. mattlneaand rag* can always be ' found at L. W. White's. the BrooUyn^^HHHHSH9wffi^9K9fiHg the New YoMMSKyMHMBBH elation, wb1d?^HnKn^MfflB^8^HHj smooth, hard hlg^HffiMflSHHHHHSg two cities. The miles, of which only good macadam. The asaoS^^HoHHHMCT^ numbers souie 2.(>00 QiemhnEmBMfflHH tbe next legislature to brad of New York to build a Kood^JBSBBHEl highway, and Mr. Dickinson sefl^HHjH confident of state help in Ohio. Ind^^Bfl ana he regards as tbe enemy's country. There Is no question tbat smooth, hard highways would be of Immense ^ benefit to farmers and not be merely a convenience for the owners of automobiles and bicycles. It has been thown over and over again that the farmer could draw four times as heavy loads to market with the same span of torses over a properly made road as ever the average roads through even, level country. The roads ought to bo made and kept In repair from local fc?j taxation by the towns and counties j through which they run. But co-operation between such neighboring dhrS> mB lions in the matter is more difficult to secure than uniform divorce laws WS among the states or uniform trust legislation. One long, fine road as an object* lesson might be worth even state |H cooperation for Its effect upon other communities. If the automobile can be used to promote Interest In that movement It is a gjjje good thing, but farmers are not going A--? ? Jf- Mtkl*k I U ui vuw: uucv lur luuua wuiwu wuuiu uv practically speed courses for these ma- M chine wagons and on which ft would be dangerous to drive their family carryalls. Colonel Dickinson and hit at- flg| socJ a ti on should take the racers of their favorite machine in hand. If they could suppress those public nutsances, their good ruad movement would thrive better. OIL FOR STREET 8URFACE8. It Lays the Out ui la m Pamrtol t. A correspondent contributes the following to tbe Bakersfleld Callfornlan: Among tbe many advantages arising from tbe use of oil in tbe manifold ways in which it la being made to contribute to tbe welfare of tbe people of tbe state I bare never yet seen Included what, from one standpoint, may be considered. tbe most Important of alL I refer to the increased healthfulnesa that is certain to be observed in those communities where oil is used as a dressing for street surfaces. The street has always been and, but for crude petroleum, would always re* main a thickly settled place which collects the dirt, the filth and the disease germ, only to turn them back into the atmosphere bearing more of poison and danger than when first deposited, with the result that humanity, cooped op in towns and cities, has had to struggle tor life, inhaling air which is charged ever? breath of it with illness and ?ea?h. Ait important change is about to be brought about in this regard onwit* tingiy and entirely without design by the discovery that crude oil will lay the dust more cheaply and more effective!/ than any other means. The method is being adopted merely because of these two reasons, but the . fact that the oil is one of tbe best disinfectants known to science sccompanies it and will finally bring to the fortunate people who live In localities where tbe modern dost killing method is practiced a greater measure of health than has ever been their store before. PROTECTS THE HIGHWAY8. Law UnrrtaOmm tke wtatfc < Tin* la HataackiMtts. In 1900 the legislatnre of the state of Massachusetts passed an act to regulate the width of tire on draft wagon* which was to take effect on Jan. 1, 1002. This law is one which should be widely copied by other states. It provides that: "On and after Jan. I. in the year 1002. It shall be unlawful, except as provided In section 4 of this act, to ust upon any road, street or way la this commonwealth a draft wagon or cart having tires of iron or steel or of any substance equally hard which are less In width than one and one-half times tbe diameter of the axle measured at the shoulder thereof, but in no case shall a tire more than four inches in width be required, and wagons or carts built with wooden or hollow axles shall have tires not less in width than the diameter of tbe axle measured at the shoulder thereof. "This act shall apply to all wagons ---? ? ami cans, uie uauh ih nuiui us ?? ? iDcbcs or more in diameter, measured as aforesaid, and to all stagecoaches, tallybo coaches, barges and other pas- ' ' senger vehicles not built to run on Iron i or steel rails and constructed to carry eight or more persons. "Whoever violates any provision of this act shall be punished by a fine not exceeding $100." Oil Sprinkled Itoada la Frame*. Experiments iu sprinkling roads with 1 crude petroleum in France have so far been attended with excellent results and are being continued. Tbe longest -*?*kaikI /\?fAM ?uKt/iK nil Kna Kaaci Sirt'U U VI I UUU U1VI n u?\.u VII uaa vwu nprlnkUtl Is near St Germain, where the surface has been hardened and made dustk'ss, while the gray color Is restful to the eyes. The road can b? swept as easily as an asphalted street 4 Aak ("apt. Branch about "Fewer calloas; wears longer." Ouat received a big lot of (jreer'a almanacs, omo and gel <>ue at TheKpeed Drug Co. The place to get what you want. i Tbe Speed Drug Co. If you want an old reliable Ureer'a Almanac, you can gel it by aalllng on Tbe Speed Drag Co. Tbe Speed Drag Co. can come pretty filling your order* for ncbool book*, tablets, pencil* and suet) like. Sry tbem and see. I f you want a good cup of coffee go to L. T. & f. M. Miller and gel Wblle star. | I. W. Wblle aella tbe beat yard-wide on bleached abeetlnc at 9 eta a yard to be fonnd | anywhere. i i