The Abbeville press and banner. (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, January 08, 1902, Image 5
?
rhe Press and Banner
0f"PubllBbed every Wednesday at 12 e
far lo advance.
Wednesday, Jan. 8, 1902.
Tbe Religion* Mcetlmcn.
This Is ibo annual week of prayer In ali
parts of tbe world, where tbe blessed name o
oar Saviour Is known.
Christians of all shades of belief are appeal
Ing dally aloDg tbe same lines for a dlvlnt
blessing upon lhe church and the people. Ii
t the requests of two or three who appeal to tbe
Head of tbe Church ure heeded, may we nol
expect a blessing when tbe Christian world
bows down In bumble prayer and earnest
supplication at the loot of tbe Cross ?
The churches in Abbeville are holding
union services every nlgbt, alternately In tbt
' dlflerent bouses of worship. Earnest preachers
have appealed Hllke to tbe ratthful and tc
the wayward to renew their zeal In tbe work
of righteousness, and to forsake the path;
which lead not to glory.
The thought of a whole people approaching
the throne of grace In humility of speech, and
In purity of heart, conveys a lesson which the
most callous could not disregard.
Deuily'a Bridge.
It will he welcome news to our people t<
learn that (be coovlctn are already at work on
tbe Dew road wtilcb wit) crosn Louy Cane oi> *
blgb bridge, about ball nHe above tbe mud
bole where so many mea, aDlmalH aud
vehicles bave goue dow* beneath tbe wave*
or suok out of sight in be mud. Supervisoi
NlekelH is determined to bave an outlet t<
tbe surrounding country. As soon as th?
oew roed In finished a Hi tbe Dew bridge in
finished the old Dendyys bridge aud Its sur
rounding inud bole wlll be preserved no tb:>t
tbe men wbo uncoverlig Ponpell aud Baby
loula may get tbe contract for uncovering tbe
mysteries of tbose dangerous grounds.
^ ?
Ehuj <Ooorn.
For a l0Dg|tlmetbe doors of tbe cburch In
which tin- Associate >"Iormed Presbyterians
worship bav?r fitted s<. badly that they gave
trouble to those wbopassed In or out.
But now tbey open at tbe slightest eflort.
find close wltb certainty, without even a
toncD.
The ease with whlci these doors open and
shut nay oe->mb e n <6c.
It. may mean that me noors 01 me vuureu
of ibe tree and IIvIik G id will open to us
freely, even at tbe slljhUsnt wish of him who
would forsake his w yward ways.
It may alto remit).1 us ol Him who said, "J
am the door," and w'jo invited even the vlie
and the wicked m, repent aDd come Into
the sacred precli cts.vhere even the righteous
should remove the noes from their feet be
lore entering. Shot d the easy openlug doors
teach no lemons, yo It Is true that you, be
you saint or sinneir are cordially lDvlted to
pass within ibelr petals. Don't staDd like a
dummy on tbe siren corner during tbe bout
of worship, but coire and hear the message"of
love I bat may b? delivered "in His holy
^ temple."
Firm.
Mr. W.J MrKeekas opened, or Is openlne.
a Dew stock of goo<* In the store recently occupied
by Mr. I'. H! Wilder. He bas paldtec
tbe store-room anl otherwise set tblnKS to
. rights In bis new tiiuse Mr. McKee does no'
propose to open tbl biggen store In town, nor
does be expect to Jpen tbe largest stock ol
gooda In the count! but he does propose to
give you the best <r bargains in the best ol
Soods with tbe ber. of service. Call and set
ilm. |
Weldnme Gni-sls.
Daring: the lam Peek the Press aud Baon' r
bad various bonded callers. Aidodk others
were Mr. ErnesrfCbeatbam of Wurrenton,
who wag In coiipany with Miss Trlbble 01
Donalds, and MIh Cheatham of Wurrenton
They were sbo^a through the office with
pleasure. We an sorry that our presses were
oot running at t/e lime.
Tbe Place lo Gel Your Ticked*.
WbeD you lntpd to marry It might be to
your Interest topt'l at the Press and Banner
office to see aboit printing the wedding Invitations.
I
' WIconie Home.
Many frlendfJare glad to welcome Mr. W
E. Beil back p the sc*neg of his younge'
years. He Is alnost excellent business man
and deservetvarood fate.
Af R. P. Cbnrch.
At the Assclnte Reformed Presbyterlsn
cburch next sabbath morning ihe pssior
will preach oiyhe subject "Looking Within."
Tbe public ls'irdlally Invited.
\ , ?
v 5 Lout.
A young ret milk cow. wide between tb'
horns. A su^ahle reward will he given lor
ber return tqMrs. J. C. Klugh, Abbeville.
i Wanted.
MO turke*/. 1,000 chickens, and all the
duetto be i'ff~red.
B jiBeacbam. at the Miller Hotel.
J Fnrin Wnuletl.
(Saf to ep hundred seres Improved and
L< goo'l built,/;** at or nesr R K Mixtion.
it. .ddress. Box. 88 Gainesville, G-i.
' ?
M r. R. I Br wnlee o? Due We'l, wa? t
town on trif Uh.v niid mtve a plia^a"! al
at the Prc/nurt Bun ner fflfiM. He is ?u< i
the most jcmperooH men in the county, and
as m side ,/ue. gives some uttentlon 10 iti<
oo'ton m,i biiKii.ei>K. He has recently neer
at a n?ee?4ji! of directors ol a mill In Green
vllle, wt ..u be reports as making money and
^?- ready to fy ? dividend.
Hon. !r<H. McCalla was one of the call
er? at th Press t*nd Banner office last HaltDay
Pfwlll be In Ibe race for Omuress
this Ku liner, and be proposes to make ?
lively r? f for the coveted prize.
}tlr James Martic Seal.
A wel^Juown gentleman of Abbeville
is iak?jfc ? rent afier a year of hard
studyjfthe (jraded fcjrhool.
Nici /ewklky.?It you want nice Jewelry
of lUtaie-fet-t and he*t pniiernK. or If you
ne d <rJctacle8 or waiche-, call on J. W. tt\
k-rd.' Ji? gi?-?i8 are t>o-h pretl.y and chexp.
He tii Teauilfu* preHtnis lor loved ones. l(
if CO iFEDERATE MONUMENT.
' Lei's I Rise, till It Meet the Nun In HI*
til nlntc ; Let the EarllfNt Lite hi ol
1 < Hornlnir GII<1 it, and ParlliiK
ay LliiK< r hikI Play on ItN Nuui1
-t > J>
/ dl
/ A nierialnment will be given on Tues
hda<A fceulug, January 21. to celebrate lb?
bir 'iayw 01 Jackson and Lee. Tbls eater
tal 'Jeni in being gotten up by tbe daugh
ter1# tbe Confederacy for tbe purpowe ol
I rauijg money for the Con federate Monument
f wt Fie to be eretted and dedicated to the
mi bry of tbe Confederate volunteers who
w^jButo.tbe army of Abbeville County.
^88 Janie Hollingsworth gave a reclfJ
at the academy Friday evening,
8,e, showed both skill aud taleDt in
t' k lection she reudered. Miss Hoi1
Is wort h has musical talent of n
b p order, which ^as cultivated in
Io) West Female College. Her singi
rfwas certainly a treat; for it is not
c^n we hear euch a fine voice.?LaiFt
Leader.
71
SALE OF
III HE HOBS
i,
* E WILL SELL AT McCORMICK ON
?iuary 24, 1902, at 12 o'clock M., alt thai
! l-'Hct of land belonging to Estate E. P. Hollo
1 ^.W, deceased, known as "Cane-Brake," laying
Little River and Buffalo Creek In Abbe
H j^jle County, containing
1 ?' 208 Acres,
K np-ERMS-CBBb.
1 J. B. Holloway,
,ff J. P. Holloway,
h ? S. M, Holloway,
H. ?p Executors.
Ma 's December81,1001 tf.
: -
PASTURE GRASSES.
Pasture and hay grasses are commandingfinteresing
attention among
the fanuers in all factions of the couu1
try I am .'constantly in receipt of letters
inqu ring as to the best varieties
of grassesj for grazing in winter and
cutting ft r hay in the spring. Many
farmers v^ant a combination of grasx'
es some -.varieties of which will be
green ill winter, while others will
spring in o life in April and remain
1 green all iu miner. This shows a trend
r of thougi ts developing in the right
direction, and along the right line.
Several rfuudred head of young thor1
oughbutf varieties of beef cattle were
1 *old t<farmers in difFerent sections of
' Geor/ia last year and the question of
1 better pasturage than that usually
1 fount? on the average farm is receiving
attention. Fiist class healthy cattle
canuot be profitably raided and herded
! on poor pa turage. The experiment
' ha- been too often tried and failed to
' idmit of any argument. Jn raising
' he** cattle or any kind of stock somethiffg
else is necessary than merely
1 securing grass or forage. Stock must
not only l-ave au abuudance of grass,
but it must be of the best quality oi
1 grasfvobuinable. (Quality rather than
> quantity must be the controlling idea,
and of all people the man who is engaged
in the cattle orstock business
oiw>..iH hp the best nosted on the rel
ative n^erits of grasses composing th*
' pasturafce on the farm. He should
1 know tAeir relative feeding valUf, so
1 that in >.he effort made t?? secure tne
best rest Jls from their use he wih cultivate
oul jSiich varieties as will pay foi
' the care .?nd trouble. A good hay or
pasture >}a*s should not be too rank
' in its gr'wth, because the stems ar*
likely t ( soon become coarse and
wooiJv.r [idering them largely unpalatable
ana' hard to digest. Tne plant
shouldlfave, if possible, a larye proportion1
leaves, which are always
1 the mo:nledible and easiest digestible
parts, permanent meadows should
consist If perennials. But few grasses
fertilize Ithe soils upon which they
grow, tl Irefore some- legumious plani
should I Imixed with grasses. Where
forage c Bps alone are >;rown leguminous
plar Kshould be used in preference
lo all oti Irs.
t-l)ME GOOD GRASSES.
Native lras*'s as a general rule are
superior I all others, no matter how
highly a Bertised the foreign varieties
may be. Whose grasses which have
thrived c southern soils for generations
are moroughly acclimatized, and
many ( them are as nutritious
us any |hich can be imported
frotn olh'ej countries. For a spring,
?ummer B.nd early fall gras*,
nothing isBsuperior for a first class
permauentMpasture than Bermuda.
The grass sKbds at the very top of all
grasses in t A United States for nutriment
and pAection from every standpoint
of criAism. It will thrive and
make a perfeB sod on nearly evrey variety
of soul M the Southern states.
Bermuda rS only serves its mission
as a first clas?>asturt? grass for cattle,
horses, sheepBid nogs, but it make*
a hay easily cBed and inferior to none
other in thisBountry. The vetches,
both hairy anKvmLer kinds, are also
valuable for flv aud winter grazing,
exteuding wffl into spring. Othei
good graases.are Japan clover, fall oal
grass, crabgrass, lucerne or alfalfa,
F orida beggar weed, orchard grass,
burr clover. Texas bluegrass.teosinte,
alsike c.'Xver, red clovei, yellow lupine
and coi leas. These are varieties ol
grassesj Ld clovers from which any
man n.B make good selection foi
winter aAsummer growth for pasturage
or Hiy, to suit tbe section of
country iHwhich he lives.
PB?fV:iNG PASTURK LANDS.
The laiBupou which grasses are t<
tie sown Hr pasturage or hay should
be well pweii a few days before sowing
I be ueW>, and the u hanow the toj
surfice uw-V] the soil is smooth and
nicely puff^rized. In a mixture of lighl
and heavy feed, they should be sown
^parately.JisT* ise will be impossible
to secure a^E.ven distribution of tin
seed. TjfeBjavy seed wi 1 be 'thrown
farther, ^jlile the lighter ones will
rail near,r b|v, and the s>aud wi 1 bt
badly ftf^jJed and irregular. When
8eeM are e-Mn by hand it is always
best to gi) cSer the ground twice, sowing
one half the quantity one way and
r^turuin'x over the land in oppositt
direction;
In covering seed a roller is preferable
to a harirod', .smoother or brunh. II
the seed are quite small aud sowed
j<i*t previous to a rain, no covering if
necessary. In our section of the coun
try August and September are the two
iuol .l;s b<?wt | t^uited in which to sow
grasses or clUver. lime *eeu vauuu
be sown [in I the fall of the year on
account of ot her growing crops on tht
land, then plant in February 01
March, so as to give the young plants
time to become firmly rooted before
the sping weeds or early hot weathei
comes on with their deteriorating
effects. It is rarely advisable to sow
grasses or clo vers with grain, thougli
clovers sometimes do well with
wheat or oats.
appliqat3 on of fertilizers.
There is no [better fertilizer for haj
or oasturel lands than stable manun
or green c<bttoii seed broadcasted and
plowed in iwhen the land is broken
i Such a ferijilizer will last for two 01
three years without additional ferti
lization. [Of course topdressing be
comes neuessary if the grass show;
failure fro Jin want of proper fertility
in the soil] A satisfactory crop ofhaj
' cannot be j ;rovn on poor soils, neith
er can a g( iod pasture be maintainec
1 on land \ k'hich will not produce s
; good crop i )fcctton and corn. Propei
i fertilizatioi 1 is as necessary on haj
and pastuj -e hnds as elsewhere. A
first-class top dressing for spring
. applicatior i cat be made of r>0 pound:
of potash ptr acre, whch can b<
secured in 4U0 pounds of kanit, 2o(
. pouns cott< >n hill ashes or lOO.pound:
, of muriate of >otash, put on broad
cast by hi md. Where a littlo nitro
gen is nee led 250 pounds of cottor
; seed meal be added. It is i
hopeful sign jto note the in teres
farmers aife taking in this matter
la ithn time not dis;tjin
auu AV IVIUI VHU , vnv v.??.v ..WW ??
in the future when the south wil
once more take ;her place among th<
principal cattle (and stock producing
I sections of the ^vorld.
( | Ilarvie Jordan.
Estate #'ElizaM Weeks, Dec'ei
~f?
; Notice of I settlement and Application
Ifor Pinal Discharge.
rwlAI^I-' MrrirmR that nn th? Mlh duV O
A January, llJlC,l ??lil render a Anal aocoun
of my actlni :s and doings as Admlnlstrato
of the Kstal< s of Elzabeth Weeks,deceased
In (be office o f Judge of Probate for Abbevlll
County at 10 o'clock a. in., and on the Bairn
day will app ly for i flnal discharge from ra<
trust as such Sxecutor.
All persons bavlrg demands against salt
eBtate will pi esent them for payment on o
! before that ?1 a y, pro'en and authenticated o
' be forever bai red. Pate WeekM,
( Dec. 24, 1901, Administrator.
THE FURNITURE FACTORY.
The Work of Erectiuic ilie Splendid'
BiillilliiK*) Froer?n8C!i. '
Notwithstanding the bad weather Superln- t
tendent Chapman Is making good progress j
"""tlnn nt anlpnrllrt hrlplt hllilrllntfH ' -
In whlcb the machinery (or the manufacture!*
of furniture will soon he Installed. Better|
building" could not be desired for any pur- E
pose, and every stockholder will be pleased I
with the siart whlcb has been made. The'i
buildings are on the main line of the Kea-|
board Air Line, a little beyond the OldFalr|r
Ground,and on the opposite side from the "
Fair Oround. Mr. Chapman Is business
manager, Mr. C. P. Hammond is the bookkeeper,
and Mr. J. S. Starke is the president. V
? <1
HIGHWAY CONSTRUCTION.
The Employment of Free Lnbor Gives th
Best Itesults. *Commenting
on the employment ol
1 ' -a- -? a ttt ora hfl
COnVlCIS Oil WJt) jyuuuvi ul6uno;i,|
New Orleans Times-Demorrat points
out that the best results have been obtained
in road building when the best
free labor only haa been employed. It
Bays:
Road construction is a science requiring
a more careful study of the subject
than is generally imagined. The
1 prevalent idea that any one can build a
| good road will not hold good. The
' matter requires study, care and a thorough
knowledge of the soil and country
, through which the road is to be built.
. The department of agriculture has late
ly been doing good work by laying be
fore the people exactly what is necessary
in road construction.
The employment of convicts in road
construction is very popular just now,
as offering simultaneously a solution of
; the two troublesome problems of what
, to do with our prison population and
. how to improve our highways. In view
I of the fact that the convicts in New
i York, Indiana and other states are kept
idle, as the law makes no provision for
their support, it is well that Louisiana
1 should take some steps to utilize hers
when it has them on its hands, and
road construction seems an ideal qmI
ployment for them. c
On the other nana, toe experience 01 .
those states which have been most snc- t
ceesfnJ with their roads is that only c
i the best labor (and convict labor is not a
i the best) should be employed in their 1
construction and maintenance. No state \
' which has made any material improve- a
1 ment with its highways has employed
convict labor, and no state which has c
employed that kind of labor has secured ?
\ much improvement in its roads. The ^
best results have been accomplished by \
road taxes and the giving out of con- i
tracts. i
GOOD COUNTRY ROADS. I
The Borden of Their Cost Shoold B?
Alike on All the People.
It has been estimated that 500,000,
| 000 tons of farm produce are hauled to
( market annually in the United States
| and that the cost of marketing it is $3
per ton, or just about $1,000,000,000. t
This is not money paid out, but is the 1
value of the time spent by farmers .with e
their teams in marketing crops or what c
these men and teams would have earned 4
if they had been hired for cash to do '
' this amount of hauling. The secretary
of the farmers' national congress and J
the United States department of agri-: t
. culture agree in estimating that about1 g
60 per cent of this vast amount, or a
$600,000,000, would be saved each year I
if farmers were able to do this hauling,1
over good roads. I
1 This, then, is the amount of the an- .
' nual mud tax to which we have been ^
submitting, says the Cedar Rapidfl (la.) f
| Gazette. Railroads, telegraphs and e
, steamboat lines have been assisted by t
, the states and subsidized by the govern- t
. ment, but nothing ha3 been done for ^
. the common country road. The farmers t
i alone have had to build country roads, J
i without assistance from the cities, from t
' wealthy corporations or from the state. v
1 Every citizen will bo benefited by the t
1 construction of good roads, directly and I
[ indirectly, and every taxpayer should I
. contribute his share to their cost. No 1
wonder the farmer opposes the good
> roads movement, if he alone is to stand
F the expense. Ho has rightly suggested j
I fknfc Via ohnnlrl ho nsaistpri thrnucrh the .
**"*" ? *- t
medium of a state road tax, under a sys- c
tern of state aid, as. now employed in I
J New Jersey, Connecticut and Massachu- a
' Betts. - t
6
1 Good Roads Object Lesson. i
; Four or five years ago the town of J
. Hempstead, Queens county, N. Y., voted J
I to spend $400,000 in road improvements.
'r Farms at the tjme wore worth from $80 (
P to $50 an acre. They are now worth ?
r several hundred dollars an acre and re- c
, turn good interest for those who pur- ^
i chased them at that price. This has t
been such an object lesson to tbeir ^
neighbors that I understand something ?
like $1,000,000 will be spent this year ?
' in other parts of Qneens county and {
i neighborhood in building good roads. (
I This may seem a large amount of mon
ey to be spent for the purpose, but owing
to the character of the soil and the
' fact that good road material must be t
" brought the cost of construction is high- 1
' er than it would be in most parts of the t
1 state. ?
7 t
Fifty Miles to Market. ?
' It is not an uncommon thing in 1
\ France to see a farmer 40 or 60 miles j
; from home in wet weather with a heavy ,
load. If he sees a prospect of a three t
^ days' rain, he puts his tarpaulin over t
I his load, a cover over his horses and a ?
i waterproof coat on and starts off to mar)
ket. He may go 50 miles before he finds
s a market that suits him, or he may
. I know in advance just where he is going. 1
-I You do not often see anybody driving 50
i i miles through a rainstorm in the United,1
11 States to find a market for a load of1 j
t hay, but it is not at all uncommon to j
,' see farmers' wagons 40 or 60 miles from i
t home in France. They choose the wet
11 weather for that purpose. Their road&
3 are just as good then as at any time.? 1
> General Roy Stone. !
Convict Labor on Roads.
Convict labor in road building is be- ,
ing employed in Duval county, Fla., .
j and in North Carolina. In the latter
I case 21 cents per day per head is said
I to urmo-r rvsafc nf fnnrl rlnkhpH. rriflrli
oal attendance and guards, as compared
" with 28 cents per day for maintaining
the same prisoners in jail. The Duval j
I Good Koads association of Florida ad?
vocates the use of short term convicts
r on such work and makes the claim that
. they would in this manner pay back
9 some of the money expended upon them,
/ and they would also stand a better
j chance of being called back to an honest
r' life than if they were made to associ- 1
rj ate with more hardened criminals in a J
| prison.
BENEATH THE SOD.
4
saw the mortal laid benenth the sod.
With carven cross above her breast.
knew the Immortal spirit was with God? (
A bright, pure soul had gained eternal reft.
Irst of a band of friends to pass away,
Her busy, useful life on earth is done. '
inded forever is our toilsome day, I
For her the promised rest has now begun. ]
stood and beard the solemn accents fall, i
'I am the resurrection and the life."
tod, whose great mercy watches over all,
Had t'en my friend from out our earthlj i
strife. '
Pe loft her lying in her peaceful bed
Until the dawning of that last great day, I
'rusting in ono who long ago hath said
That he will wipe all bitter tears away.
?Florence Peaoock in Academy. (
POWER OF ORATORY.
tood Voice and a Fine Presence Connt
For Much.
Ifc la a fine thing that words have power
o burn and that in the flame of eloquence
, deal of trumpery and stuffy notions are
Tf hna Kn/in OnM fcVint".
caul WUOU1UVU. JL.U uug WVM VUW
;enuine oratory Is gone, but now and then
he spirit of the mightiest power that
Q0VG9 masses of men shows its everlasting
itality in a notable way. With sincere
lersonal conviction to support him a man
rith a good voice and that gift of adding
ihrase unto phrase which is indefinable
any enchain a great convention, hold thouands
of men pliant to his thought and
eelings, or he may charm and cheer his
lundreds in a banqueting halL
The secret of genuiup oratory, of the sort
hat moves and stirs all hearers to responive
emotion, is always to be found at the
enter of a Btorm of honest feeling on the
art of the orator. It is concealed in the
lidden places of the interior life and is the
noro effective when its restraint is shown
ven in the whirl of impassioned words or
loble marshaling of phrase after phrase.
Jrivate views and narrow contentions, peronal
ishes, never have a chance for exposition
in oratory that moves men and
vomen. It must express large principles
argely, or its influence never remains, nor
tas tho fame of any orator endured except
if those who spoke for the largest conviolon
and desire of the mind of man.
The earliest movement which freed Bos
on from England, although Lord North
isedto assure his countrymen that "no
ither province will in the least countenance
ho rebellious Bostonians," was kept alive
>y the orators of Boston. The orations on
he massacre, delivered in tho Old Brick
hurch, on the site of Cornliill square, or
,t the Old South church, were attended by
mmense crowds of people. It has been
veil said that these patriotic orations are
k protective shield to our constitution.
'There are few men of consequonce among
ls who did not commence their careers by
ji oration on the 5th of March," wrote
lohn Quincy Adams. And in these days,
rhen, by aid of descendants of the "rebellous
Bostonians," the stars and stripes
lave waved in peace at Aldershot, oratory
s lending its time honored aid in the pronotion
of arbitration between the English
peaking nations.
To the day and the deed
Strike the harpbtrings of glory. , '
Let the tongue of the eloquent
Hallow the story.
?Boston Transcript
Food and Character.
That certain kinds of food affect a man
nentally, morally and physically is well
:nown. It is by no means impossible that
lorridge has contributed largely to the
haracteristics of the Scotch; that it makes
heir men brave, brawny and shrewd, and
heir women blithsome and bonny, and
heir whole nation pious. A professor of
ihysiology Insists that the inferiority of
he Celts is due to their universal use of
he potato as the chief staple of diet. He j
ays that no man can live on potatoes and i
.mount to anything. An exclusive diet of
lotatoes has no doubt contributed largely
o many of the characteristics of tho Irish.
Beef and beer through many generations
J | 3 1 ? /1
lave no uouut iiau tucii~ iuuuvuw uu mo
Englishman. They have mado him stubborn.
opinionated, self assertive and a good
ighter. His intellect, like his beer, is both
itrong and heavy, and not Infrequently
ingdd with bitterness. The French, with
heir notable variegated diet, aro equally
vhimsical in their minds. This is also
he case with the Americans, who have
lerhaps the most versatile minds as well as
he most abundant bill of fare of any naion.
Wa will not go bo far as to define
vhlch is the cause and which is the effect,
)ut we insist that the diet of the average
Londoner is far from being the best for his
)hysical and mental health.?London HoeL
Whence the Acorn?
The male flowers of the oak aro gatherod
n distant clusters round a long, swaying
talk. They approach much nearer to the .
onventlonal idoa of a flower Individually,
instead of being a mere aggregation of
inthers, or pollen cells, on simple scales,
hose of the oak are possessed of distinct
tarlike, hairy calxces, each marked off
nto six or seven lobes and containing ten
[lender stamens, with two celled anthera
Chen the female flowers, which are usualy
two or three, near each other, but not
sonnected, consist each of an ovary, with
ihree short curved styles, and invested by
h calyx that adheres closely to It ana De:omos
the husk, or shell, of the acorn. The
vholo, except the styles, is held In a cup
orraed of many small overlapping scales,
ijhich afterward lose their individuality
kfld shrink into mere roughness on the outilde
of the cup that holds tho acorn, for
inly one of the fill ovules contained in the
ivary develops into an acorn (seed or corn
if the ac, or oak).?Good Words.
Oddly Shaped Spiders.
The most peculiar spiders in the world,
is well as the largest ones, inhabit the isand
of Sumatra. They are of all conceivible
forms and colors, and some of them
ipin threads almost as large and strong as
ihe grocer's twine. Some queerly shaped
iplders have square bodies poised on long
ed legs, and others have crooked green
md yellow legs which support heart shaped
lodies. One of the very oddest of the lot
las a body that looks like that of a young
iurtle, the "shell" having round knobs
ma pear miapeu prujeunuue uxx um ?v>?
St. Louis Republic.
Cariosity Aronied.
"Papa, what makes this cheese smell
ioP"
"The process by which it was cured, I
presume."
(After some moments of profound cogitation.)
"Papa, what would it smell like
If it hadn't been cured}1"?Chicago Trifame.
The "era of the martyrs," a famous era
In use in the early church, commemorates
the tenth and last great persecution by
Diocletian, beginning Feb. 33, 284 A. D.
The dollar goldpieco wns authorized by
ict of congress March 3, 1849, uud its coinage
was begun in the same year.
CHARLES I*. PRESSLY,
ATTORNEY AND COUNSELLOR AT LAW,
302 and 304 Leonard Building.
Commissioner for South Carolina.
Augusta, Ga.
Try our seeded raisins, currants and citron
If yon want to make good fruit cake. W. D.
Barksdnle.
Nice line lamps aud lamp goods.
W. D..BarkwUle.
v-,;. *>
8PARR0WS ARE SHREWD. Q
1 Lot of Them Proved It In Releasing a ^
Mate.
The English sparrow Is perhaps the
shrewdest bird going and rarely ever gets
uaught in a scrape. I saw one literally in ?
a tight place, though, and but for the 1
shrewdness of his friends he would doubt- i
less be there now, or worse. A careless col- I
ored cook of the house adjoining mine had f
ipilled some raw rice, perhaps a quart or
more, in the buck yard of the neighbor's ?
premises. In order to hide her careless- r
ness from her mistress and so to save herself
the trouble of picking up the rice, the
resourcoful cook simply turned an empty ^
box over the little pile, thus putting it out e
of sight, and went her way rejoicing. 8
Presently a bevy of sparrows chanced c
that way and took possession of my neigh- c
bor's back yard. Ere long an adventurous ]
one of tho number discovered a convenient
knothole in the overturned box, poked his
inquisitive little head therein and forthwith
sproad the news of the rice find. Then
things were pretty lively thereabout.
First one and then another of the birds
would pop down through the hole, to bob
up n few moments later with his crop full
of rice. They were all mighty gay over
the matter and most of them made two or
three trips inside before they were satisfied.
By and by something seemed to have
gone wrong. The birds fluttered and
chirped and ohattered in an agitated manner,
crowding upon and about the box eo
thickly that it was some time before I
could see that one little brown head kept
bobbing up frantically threugh the knothole
from the underside and getting no
farther. Some crreedv little fellow had .
laid in an oversupply, mid so made himself
too big for an exit through the hole.
The case really seemed a pitiful ono, as
nothing but time and the slow process of
nature could relieve the poor prisoner of
bis predicament. At least that is what I
thought, and I marveled that eo clever a
creature as a sparrow should get himself
into a holo. Meantime I had forgotten to
reokon upon the ingenuity of the birds on
the outside of the hole. They lost po timo
in bringing this qualification in evidence,
however, for pretty soon I discovered that
they had set to work to dig the little prisoner
out. Having selected the most vulnerable
spot of the surrounding ground,
first one and then another of the birds
would scratch and peck away, each one
taking bis turn and working energetically
till by and by a hole was made big
enough tot even the overloaded fellow on
the lnside'to creep through.?Philadelphia
Times.
ENGLISH KNIGHTS.
The Ceremony Before the Queen at Which
They Get Their Titles.
Her majesty being now ready to receive
us, we were ushered into her presenoe one 1
at a time. My turn was the twelfth t
hence one of my friends has dubbed me '
the Twelfth Knight The equerry took me I
to the door of the apartment and then left
me. It was a lofty room, but not very |
large, being perhaps 40 feet long and of a
corresponding width. The queen was seated
on a very low seat at thev end of the !
apartment opposite the door. Behind her
the ladies In waiting were arranged In a 1
semicircle, some of the princesses being os 1
her left, and the lords in waiting and th?
Duke of York on her right hand. i
On entering I gave my " best bow," and,
advancing a few steps, stopped and bowed
again, when I was introduced to her majesty,
my name being pronounced wrongly, '
another bow on closely approaching hex
and then, dropping on my left knee, I extended
the right hand, baok uppermost, fur
the queen has a great objection to moist
p_alms. The queen then laid her right hand 1
?a very little plump one?upon mine, and
I kissed it.
Then she took a sword?dreadful mo; ,
xnent?and smote me, ever so gently, on
my left shoulder, saying in very low, sweet
and soft tones, "Rise, Sir Richard." And
I became a "dubbed" knight, but not a
"belt" one, as nowadays knights have to
find their own belts.
Then came a very difficult part of the
ceremony. I had to retire from the presenoe
backward. Now, I had alwaya been
mfl nvovlnna Hffl
gUIUg 1U1 TTCliU UUi4Ug WJJ
and was somewhat doubtfal as to bow I
should perform tbls retrograde movement
I remembered the fate of the mayor of
Truro, who, having presented an address 1
to the queen on board her yaoht In Palmouth
harbor, walked backward into the
sea. However, I stepped baok a pace and, ;
having steadied myself bowed, then an- (
other half a dozen paoes, bowing again,
and after repeating the operation onoe
more to my great relief found myself at
the door.?Sir Richard Tangye in Chambers'
Journal.
The English Longbow. 1
The range and power of the English
longbow in its palmiest days were extraordinary,
notes a writer in Chambers' Journal.
We buve seen and handled one of
these bows, said to bave been used at
Flodden. It measured 6 feet, unstrung,
5 xL? ? ??? o fTlkft wiill mnaf Viava
aou iuu arrow o tcci. iud yuh u>ua? >>
been quite 100 pounds. To draw tbe olotb
yard shaft on suob a bow would probably
defy tbe powers of even an exceptionally
strong man nowadays. But good Bishop
Latimer, in bis well known eulogy of English
aroherv, has shown us how from their
boyhood Englishmen were scientifically
trained in the use of tho bow till, like
Jufitioo Shallow's horo, old Double, they
oould "olap in the clout at twelvescore
yards." Up to what distanoe the old longbow
was really effective Is a question not
easy to answer, but from the data we
possess it may safely be assumed that
against anything but armor of proaf tbe
cloth yard shaft was deadly up to 800 yards,
while for combined rapidity and% efficiency
In shooting no weapon could compare
with the longbow till the introduction of
the breechloader.
Taking Ail the Carls.
"I am glad you like my new watch
charm, Miss Laura. It is a pretty ornam?nt
T think, thonch. it needs some
thing to make it complete. May I ask
you for a look of your lovely hair?"
"Certainly, Mr. Ferguson. You can
have all you want, but?but?doesn't It
seem a pity to mar the symmetry of these
curls by cutting one off?"
"It does," responded George, with quiok
and eager oomprehension. "I wouldn't
do anything for worlds to destroy their
perfect symmetry. I'll take them all." j
And the youth ornamented the vioinity
of his watch pocket with the entire head
for a long, long time.?Pearson's Weekly.
The atlas moth, a night flying insect of
oentral Brazil, is the largest winged Insect
in the world. Its wings extend 14 inches
from tip to tip.
Strange to say, the bicycle now form*
no inconsiderable portion of the miscellaneous
supplies forwarded to the missionarits
abroad.
Wool Underwear for Children!
P. Rosenberg & Co. j,
are headquarters for children |
wool vests and pants, and
they carry all sizes.
L. W. White carries at all times a full line
of grocerlers and hard war". Call on hlm.j
You will be well treated. ,
All the Ingredients of the best quality for
making fruit cuke can be had at the grocery
si ore of L. W. White, raisins, currants,
| citron,almonds, &c.
7 :-ry v
... . - rr
iOVERNMENT ROADMAKING. 1
Cork of Construction Supplemented by
Lectures by an Expert.
Several weeks ago the department of
griculture began its first experiment
n roadbuilding at New Brunswick,
T. J., under the direction of E. B.
larrison, special agent of the office of u
oad inquiry.
The model road being considered is
he first of several which the governnent
is to build at the various experiaent
stations throughout the country. >
Che government furnishes a rock crushr,
screen, engine to drivo steam roller,
preading wagon and road grading ma- ^
bine and two skilled operators. The jj
ity furnishes the material, carts and
aborers. m
The rood will be of macadam pattern. 0
^.n inferior grade of traprock is found b
n abundance near New Brunswick and U
his ia being used in the substructure h
if the road. The superstructure is ob- 8
ained from the traprock deposits in |
be neighborhood of Plainfield and the a
Dranees. .
The model pavement will have a d
lepth of about nine inches and the foun- 1;
iation be made of small, wedge shaped, e
jroken stones of as nearly the same di- a
nensions as possible. The roadbed will *
je prepared by thoroughly rolling with v
t steam roller weighing about ten tons. ?
Svery hole will be carefully filled with y
;he same material that composes the t
'est of the roadbed, and the finished q
iross section will be formed by two a
grades of one foot in 80 feet from the G
tides, uniting at the center, with the c
ipex slightly rounded. Four inches of
:rushed stone will be spread on the :
larefully prepared roadbed to form the
foundation of the substructure. The $
largest of these stones will be crushed t
so fine as to bo able to easily pnss c
:hrough a two inch ring, and the small- <
2st will be about half an inch in diam- <
iter. ; 1
This foundation will then be sprin- '
kled, making ihe stone as wet as possi- '
ble witnout eortening tne roaaoea, ana t
the roller passed over it a few times <
until the stone is only slightly disturbed <
by.the teams returning with the empty t
iarta. The first foundation is not made (
deeper than fonr inches, because it has
been found that a greater thickness
causes the stones to "elbow" together,
wearing off their sharp corners, making
the "bonding," which is the great de- ]
sideratum, a very slow process, if. not i
on impossibility. . i
When the first foundation has been I
thoroughly sprinkled, a second coat of <
Bimilar stone three inches in thickness *
will be applied. After the stone has 1
been well "bonded" to this extent it will J
again be sprinkled, and while very wet j
a thin coating of traprock screenings ;
will be most carefully spread over the
rarface, just thick enough to fill the
Bmall spaces between the stones. The
size of the stones of this last applica- 1
tion, which is called in the parjance of
road.building the "binder," will be
from half an inch in diameter to the j
finest dust. When the work has reached (
this atase, it will be left untouched in .
the dry state as long as practicable to <
harden and bind. The application of
water and the passage of vehicles will <
be prevented as long as practicable.
As the work progresses Mr. E. B. '
Harrison, who is directing the work for '
the department of agriculture, will deliver
lectures explaining the process of j
laying the road.' Rutgers college students
in the agricultural department
and farmers will be invited to attend
the lectures and witness the work.
General Grant Favored Good Roads. 1
Nearly 20 years ago General Grant,
in enumerating necessary lines of public
imprcvements, named the public
schools and highways. Once, when he |
and General Sheridan were in a reminiscent
mood, the old commander said
to "Little Phil, "^speaking of the letter's
famous zide to* the battle of Cedar
Creek: "Sheridan, if that battle had
taken place after a prolonged rain and
there had not been a good pikp from i
Winchester, you would never have been i
promoted to the head of the United
States army. Yon would not have reached
the battlefield to cheer your men, |
and there would have been a great defeat
for the Union forces instead of a
great victory. That would have left
Meade and Thomas a long distance ,
ahead of you in the line of promotion." ,
?New York Tribune. '
Keep the Road Dry.
F. A. Dunham, who has been prominently
identified with the farfamed 1
system of modern highways of New
Jersey, at a meeting of the Connecticut
Valley Highway association, stated
that poor material well put together
can be made to produce better results
than first class material carelessly put
together. Nothing is more fatal td du <
rability than the drainage of the road
* 1 W
bed, and more p?rucajar.iy mo bubdrainage,
which is often neglected. A
macadam road cannot be left to itself
after a completion, bat needs constant
supervision.
Both Hard and Easy.
Good roads are about the easiest thing
in the world to make, once undertaken,
but about l.be hardest thing there is to
get officials to take hold of.?Parkersburg
(W. Va.) Sentinel.
Wheel Track*.
According to the statement of the
president of the Missouri Good Roads
association, the people of that state
spent |490,000 during 1896 for road
improvement, while it cost them just
$600,000 for roads supervisors. In other
words, it cost the state $1,090,000
during the year for $490,000 worth of
road improvement.
In France there are 44,000 miles of >
nlnMCi *r\nAa htT fhfi OnVPfJl. I
UiOU UOOO Avaug l/u?<v *->j ?uv Qv
meat, and about an equal number of
miles have been built by the different
departments, as well as thousands of
miles built by smaller divisions. From
the beginning of the work to the end
there ia a system, and responsibility is 1
assured.
^ i
E. F. GfllLIARD,1
/.TAILOR,:, i
HAS moved, and occupies the rooms upstairs
In Knox's Hall, and Is now pre
Ftared to do all kinds of repairing and olean
ne of gentlemen's olothes on short notloe.
Haraples of suits always on band. Charge
reasonable
Messrs. Hodge*. Keller, Cheatban. Fetzer
and Wilson will aot as ushers during the doll
reception. Tbey extend to yon a cordial lavi'
tatlon to attend. W. E>. Barksdale, '
.M
v . " ' . -.vp
. i -r V ' ! -*:-V
'
????
HE DISFENSABT BUSIKESS.
The Gross Sale* and Profit*,
(; roHS sales for 1901 ? $46122.14 ~v'?sij
Costs of wblskeyB ...... 83757.90 ?'
Gross protl 8113M.18
Expenses 2246.08
Nct profits rlevlded equally be
veen lowo and uouniy? ?nu.v : V
STUDENTS' DUELS.
tow tht German Unlvenity Km Aw
Padded For the Fight.
My friend bad vanished into the drees3g
room, and ut first glaqoe I entirely
tiled to recognize him in the padded. ' "?|
lonster that now staggered clumsily into f ^
tie room, supported on each side by hi*
scond and sword bearer. Thetnlck armor ' $
f lonther and wadding with whloh he VU ' < t
olstered entirely protected his body and .
imbs. His neok was rigidly Incased in a ,> %
igb, thick collar of Bilk and whipoord,
nd his eyes were protected by iron goglies
as large as small teacups, from which
strap passed roand the ears to be buokled
t the back of the head. His* .second was 1
omewhat similarly equipped, and in ad
ition wore a leather cap with a strong v /jsa
ron peak. The other principal presently .
nterod the room and took up his position
it one sword's length from Zimmerman. ;
le was closely followed by the ampin at
inparteiischer. This personage wa^ a
hronio medical student of tep years'
tandlng?a mass of genial rotundity, x ,.?$8
rith a fat, amorphons face in which fernurea
seemed a superfluity. He was duly
[nalifled for his responsible position- by
in nnlimited capacity for beer and the
ho VioH T1OTAT nAMMd/ffl f?V
llVHUUDiW.^. , , ,
ixa mi nation. Enthroned on an arxnohair '- *&
i little In front of the other spactators, ha
livided his time pretty equally between a : 1
mge mug of Mnnchener and a long pipe
>f which the painted china bow] rested on
hi ground. He now proclaimed "filUen->
iium!" and proceeded to /uanounoe the
iueL It was to last,for 20 minutes, ex* .
sluding all pauses, and as usual to oonslsfc
if short bouts or "gangs," with brief In*
iervalu of rest between each. The swords
-long, nasty looking blades, sharp as ra*
?rs and flexible as tiding switches?were
sarefully wiped with disinfecting lotion
ind banded to the oombatants. The seo>nds
took up their position behind and to .
ihe left of their respective men, and gave
;he word of command in the following tra
iniuuai luiui. ? . ? ,v .t . T
" Auf die Mensur blndet die Klingen I"
[Cross blades for the duel!) V''"-' "Hivl
"Gobundon sindl" (Grossed they are!)
"Lob!" (Go!) % ;;
The swords clash together Id the pre- ' V' V/J
limlnary stroke. Then ensues a brief hallitorm
of blows so rapid that the eye refuses . ?
follow them and retains only a confused
impression of flashing steel and flying
sparks. The head of each oombatant teems c? [
co be enveloped in a halo of gleaming
points. It is impossible to realize .that >
saob of these lightning strokes is deliber- V
itelyand solentifloally aimed and as de- :
Uberately and scientifically parried.?Pall ?
Mall Magazine.
MAMMA's uc?n uncnuo. wjp
BCe Deterred Spinkln* and Got ftStnui* gjjg
ger In Trouble.
People never get encouragement for doing
the good Samaritan act in the interests
of the pnblic, as the man deoided who;
iffered to assist a distracted woman and
ameliorate the sufferings of a lot of people
in a suburban oar.
The boy who howls was in evidence, the
juried darling of his only own mother and
tho terror of everybody else, and be had
kept the oar in a state of wild exoitemenl ,'
and exhausted the patience of everybody,
Including bis doting parent.
"Ob, It your father were only here!" she
had said for the fiftieth time as she. tried
vainly to restrain the howling terror.
At that he stopped bowling long enough
to beat the air with bis small shins, and
the woman on the other side of him ire-,
marked audibly that a cage waa the proper
place for savages like him. . A
"Johnny, dear," asked ,his mother, * '"V-SjS
"won't you De a gooa ooyrBoara
find kicks from Master Johnny.
"Oh, I wish " our father were' here to
give you a good- trouncing this very' xnin
tel" she wailed as she struggled with . V;
him.
Then it was that the philanthropist of
the company asserted himself. He had . &
been trying in vain to read his morning 1 '
paper ever since be started from home.
'Allow me, madam," he said blandly,
"I am a father myself, and I will be happy
to'chastise your oherub In behalf of his absent
parent. v
"Oh, no, you won't; not if I know it!" . \<
said Johnny's mother, rising in hefSvmth
like a tigress. "There ain't that man living
dare lay a finger on that boy?his own
father or any other ugly old catamount '
who thinks be knows It alii" And she
Bhut off debate by going into the next car
and taking the sweet infant with her.?
Chioago Times-Herald.
The Origin of Mr. and Mrs.
In earlier times the ordinary man was
limply William or John?that la to say, ha
bad only a Christian name without any
kind of "handle" before it or surname
after It, says the Philadelphia Record.
Some means of distinguishing one John
or William from another John or William
beoame necessary. Nicknames derived
from a man's trade or bis dwelling plaoe
or from some personal peculiarity were
tacked on to his Christian name, and plain
John became John Smith. As yet there
were no "misters" in the land.
Some John Smith accumulated more
wealth than the bnlk of his fellows?became
perhaps a landed proprietor or an
employer of hired labor. Then he began
to be called in the Norman-French of the
day the "malstre" of this place or that,
of these workmen or of those.
In time the "malstre," or "mairter,"
as It soon beoame, got taoked on befozv
his name, and be became Maister Smith
and his wife was Maistress Smith.
Gradually the sense of possession wai
lost sight of, and the title was conferred
npon any kind?by mere possession of
wealth or holding some position of mora
or less consideration and importance.
r Nice For Nervous People.
A party of Cambridge professors on one
occasion undertook, for a scientiflo object,
to penetrate into the depths of a Cornish
mine.
One of the number relates the following
Btartling incident of his visit: On his
scent iu the ordinary manner, by means
of a bucket and with a miner for a follow
passenger, he perceived, as he thought, unmistakable
symptoms of the frailty of the
rope.
"How often do you obange your ropes,
my good man?" he inquired wben about
half way from the bottom of the awful
byss.
"We change them every three months,
6ir," replied the man in the bucket, "and
we shall change this one tomorrow if we
get up safe today, sir. "?Pearson's Weekly.
The greatest potato eaters are the people
of Germany and Belgium. The consumption
of this vegetable averages 100 pounds
per annum for each person.
According to the official reports 01 mo
Japanese government the island empire
oontalna 62,620 teachers.
*
Don't forget that now is the time to bar
maple syrup. We sell the log oablD. W. D.
Burtcsdale.